Common Redstart
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Flyer200206 Parent
THE, FLYE, R Volume 26,25, NumberNumber 6 6 tuneJune 20022002 NEXT MEETING After scientists declared the Gunnison Sage Grouse a new species two years ago, a wide spot on Gun- Summer is here and we won't have meeting until a nison County (Colorado) Road 887, has become an Wednesday, 18. It begin September will atl:30 international bird-watching sensation. Birders from p.m. in Room 117 Millington Hall, on the William around the ,world wait silently in the cold dark of a campus. The editors'also get a summer &Mary Colorado spring pre-dawn to hear the "Thwoomp! vacation so there will be no July Flyer, but "God Thwoomp! Thwoomp!" of a male Gunnison Sage the creek rise," there be an willing and if don't will Grouse preparing to mate. The noise comes from August issue. specialized air sacs on the bird's chest. And this is now one stop on a well-traveled 1,000 mile circuit being traveled by birders wanting to add this Gun- RAIN CURTAILS FIELD TRIP TO nison bird, plus the Chukar, the Greater Sage YORK RIVER STATE PARK Grouse, the White-tailed Ptarmigan, the Greater Chicken Skies were threatening and the wind was fierce at Prairie and the Lesser Prairie Chicken to the beginning of the trip to the York River State their lii'e lists. Park on May 18. Despite all of that, leader Tom It was not always like this. Prior to the two-year- Armour found some very nice birds before the rains ago decision by the Ornithological Union that this came flooding down. -
Does a Rival's Song Elicit Territorial Defense in a Tropical Songbird, The
ABC 2017, 4(2):146-153 Animal Behavior and Cognition https://doi.org/10.12966/abc.02.05.2017 ©Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) Does a Rival’s Song Elicit Territorial Defense in a Tropical Songbird, the Pied Bush Chat (Saxicola caprata)? Navjeevan Dadwal1* and Dinesh Bhatt1 1Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India *Corresponding author (Email:[email protected]) Citation – Dadwal, N., & Bhatt, D. (2017). Does a rival’s song elicit territorial defense in a tropical songbird, the Pied Bush Chat (Saxicola caprata)? Animal Behavior and Cognition, 4(2), 146–153. https://doi.org/10.12966/ abc.02.05.2017 Abstract -The purpose of bird song and the way in which it is delivered has been argued to be adapted mainly for territorial defense. We performed a field experiment with the combination of playbacks and a model to test how much song actually relates to increased territorial defense in the territorial tropical songbird, the Pied Bush Chat, during breeding season (Feb–May, 2015) at Haridwar, Himalayan Foothills, India. As expected, the results of the experiment indicated that song was the major cue used by territory holders to cope with rival intrusions. The song rate was particularly escalated during simulated territorial interactions when the model was presented with a playback song of conspecifics. Behaviors such as restlessness (perch change), the height of perch, and distance from the model appeared to be of relatively lesser importance. To our knowledge, no avian species from the Indian subcontinent has been studied to provide evidence that song can escalate aggressive response by a territory owner. -
Comparative Historical Demography of Migratory and Nonmigratory Birds from the Caribbean Island of Hispaniola
Evol Biol (2012) 39:400–414 DOI 10.1007/s11692-012-9164-9 RESEARCH ARTICLE Comparative Historical Demography of Migratory and Nonmigratory Birds from the Caribbean Island of Hispaniola Anna L. Fahey • Robert E. Ricklefs • Steven C. Latta • J. Andrew DeWoody Received: 25 October 2011 / Accepted: 2 February 2012 / Published online: 29 February 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 Abstract Islands offer unique opportunities for studies of Maximum significantly reduced effective population sizes evolution and historical demography. We hypothesized that of most migratory North American bird populations and wintering North American migrant bird species would some resident Hispaniolan bird populations. Our data fur- show genetic evidence of population expansion over recent ther revealed that mismatch statistics were poorly corre- millennia due to the expansion of their breeding distribu- lated with and less informative than the neutrality test tions following the retreat of the Laurentide ice sheet. In statistics, a consideration for future demographic studies. contrast, we presumed that non-migratory species would exhibit more stable historical demographies. We used Keywords Avian evolution Á Mismatch distribution Á mtDNA sequences from 649 individuals of 16 avian spe- Tajima’s D Á Fu and Li’s D and F Á Mitochondrial DNA Á cies on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola to test this Migration prediction. Mismatch distributions did not differ signifi- cantly between migrants and non-migrants. However, neutrality indices indicated population expansion in the Introduction migrant species, as well as two non-migratory resident species with extensive distributions. Evidence of popula- The inference of historical demography from variation in tion expansion was less consistent in other non-migratory mtDNA sequences was first pioneered for human popula- residents. -
Phoenicurus Ochruros
Phoenicurus ochruros -- (Gmelin, 1774) ANIMALIA -- CHORDATA -- AVES -- PASSERIFORMES -- MUSCICAPIDAE Common names: Black Redstart; Rougequeue noir European Red List Assessment European Red List Status LC -- Least Concern, (IUCN version 3.1) Assessment Information Year published: 2015 Date assessed: 2015-03-31 Assessor(s): BirdLife International Reviewer(s): Symes, A. Compiler(s): Ashpole, J., Burfield, I., Ieronymidou, C., Pople, R., Wheatley, H. & Wright, L. Assessment Rationale European regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) EU27 regional assessment: Least Concern (LC) At both European and EU27 scales this species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). The population trend appears to be increasing, and hence the species does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (30% decline over ten years or three generations). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern within both Europe and the EU27. Occurrence Countries/Territories of Occurrence Native: Albania; Andorra; Armenia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Ireland, Rep. of; Italy; Latvia; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Malta; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Spain; Canary Is. (to ES); Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; Ukraine; United Kingdom; Gibraltar (to UK) Vagrant: Faroe Islands (to DK); Iceland Population The European population is estimated at 5,760,000-10,000,000 pairs, which equates to 11,500,000-20,000,000 mature individuals. -
Breeding of the Black Redstart in Britain a Century-Old Record by George W
(110) BREEDING OF THE BLACK REDSTART IN BRITAIN A CENTURY-OLD RECORD BY GEORGE W. TEMPERLEY. IN 1916, seven years before T. A. Coward found the Black Redstart (Phcenicurus ochrurus gibraltariensis) breeding on the Sussex coast and so established what was then thought to be the first British record, F. C. R. Jourdain wrote an article in The Zoologist on the status of the Black Redstart in England as a breeding species. In that article he reviewed every alleged instance of breeding that had been reported up to that date and showed that in every such case an error in identification had been made—" with the possible exception of Hancock's .... which however requires confirmation before it can possibly be accepted." Hancock's record here referred to was published in 1874 in his Catalogue of the Birds of Northumber land and Durham and reads as follows :—" In 1845, a pair [of Black Redstarts] nested in the garden of the late Rev. James Raine, the historian of Durham, in that City; and I am indebted to Mr. Wm. Proctor for their nest, which is now in my collection. An egg belonging to it was kindly presented to me by the Rev. James Raine, son of the above named gentleman." William Proctor, who gave the nest to Hancock, was the curatOr- taxidermist of Durham University Museum. He had already published the record himself, for in a " List of Birds found in the County," published as an Appendix to the Rev. G. Ornsby's Sketches of Durham, in 1846, he had written thus of the Black Redstart— " Very rare ; a nest with five eggs was taken near Crook Hall in the summer of 1845." It will be noted that this was written just one year after the event and twenty-eight years before the publica tion of Hancock's " Catalogue." Additional details of the occurrence are to be found in a chapter by Canon H. -
Individually Distinctive Vocalization in Common Cuckoos (Cuculus Canorus)
1 1 Individually distinctive vocalization in Common Cuckoos 2 (Cuculus canorus) 3 4 1 2 3 5 Sándor Zsebők , Csaba Moskát , Miklós Bán * 6 7 8 1Behavioural Ecology Group, Department of Systematic Zoology and Ecology, Eötvös 9 University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. sétány 1/C., Budapest, Hungary 10 2MTA-ELTE-MTM Ecology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, a joint 11 research group of the Biological Institute of Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Pázmány 12 Péter sétány 1/C., H-1117 Budapest, Hungary and the Hungarian Natural History Museum, 13 Baross u. 13., Budapest, H-1088, Hungary 14 3MTA-DE "Lendület" Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Department of Evolutionary 15 Zoology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4010, Hungary 16 17 *Corresponding Author: Miklós Bán, [email protected] 18 19 Keywords: Common Cuckoo, Cuculus canorus, sound analysis, individual discrimination, 20 classification accuracy, acoustic signatures 21 22 Word count: 5,932 23 24 25 2 26 ABSTRACT 27 28 Distinctive individual vocalizations are advantageous in several social contexts. Both genetic 29 and environmental effects are responsible for this phenomenon resulting in different 30 frequencies and time domains of sounds in birds. This individuality can be utilized in 31 breeding bird censuses and abundance estimates. In this study we explored the individuality 32 of the advertisement calls of male Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) with the aims of 33 describing the acoustic ways in which individuals differ from each other, and characterizing 34 the practical requirements for using statistical learning methods for individual recognition. 35 We collected calls from a Hungarian cuckoo population and conducted discriminant function 36 analysis on acoustic parameters to distinguish individuals. -
NSS Bird Group Report – November 2019
NSS Bird Group Report – November 2019 By Geoff Lim, Alan Owyong (compiler), Tan Gim Cheong (ed.). November was spectacular, with the first record of two species – the Fairy Pitta and Shikra at the Central Catchment Nature Reserve; an Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher (the locally extinct rufous- backed subspecies), found inside a camera shop in the city; and, a rare Red-footed Booby at St John’s Island. Also, it was and has always been a great month to spot migrating raptors in southern Singapore. A Fairy’s Visitation in November The first Fairy Pitta discovered in Singapore on 8 Nov 2019 – photo by Francis Yap. On 8 November 2019, Francis Yap and Richard White were en route to Jelutong Tower, when the duo spotted a paler than usual pitta along the trail under the darkening morning sky as a storm threatened from Sumatra. When Francis managed to regain phone reception and were able to refer to other photos on the internet, the two confirmed that they had Singapore’s first record of the Fairy Pitta, Pitta nympha. Francis’ electrifying account can be accessed here. The Fairy Pitta stopped over for a week, with daily records from 8-13 November 2019. 1 The Fairy Pitta has been recognised as part of a superspecies comprising the Blue-winged Pitta, P. moluccensis, Mangrove Pitta, P. megarhyncha, and Indian Pitta, P. brachyura (Lambert & Woodcock, 1996:162), hence the superficial resemblance with one another. BirdLife has classified the species as Vulnerable, with key threats being habitat loss and conversion, as well as local trapping pressure (BirdLife, 2019). -
Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers
Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Brandan L. Gray August 2019 © 2019 Brandan L. Gray. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers by BRANDAN L. GRAY has been approved for the Department of Biological Sciences and the College of Arts and Sciences by Donald B. Miles Professor of Biological Sciences Florenz Plassmann Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT GRAY, BRANDAN L., Ph.D., August 2019, Biological Sciences Ecology, Morphology, and Behavior in the New World Wood Warblers Director of Dissertation: Donald B. Miles In a rapidly changing world, species are faced with habitat alteration, changing climate and weather patterns, changing community interactions, novel resources, novel dangers, and a host of other natural and anthropogenic challenges. Conservationists endeavor to understand how changing ecology will impact local populations and local communities so efforts and funds can be allocated to those taxa/ecosystems exhibiting the greatest need. Ecological morphological and functional morphological research form the foundation of our understanding of selection-driven morphological evolution. Studies which identify and describe ecomorphological or functional morphological relationships will improve our fundamental understanding of how taxa respond to ecological selective pressures and will improve our ability to identify and conserve those aspects of nature unable to cope with rapid change. The New World wood warblers (family Parulidae) exhibit extensive taxonomic, behavioral, ecological, and morphological variation. -
Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora Cyane from the Barak Valley of Assam with a Status Update for India
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338137338 Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane from the Barak Valley of Assam with a status update for India Article in Indian BIRDS · December 2019 CITATIONS READS 0 7 2 authors: Rejoice Gassah Vijay Anand Ismavel Makunda Christian Hospital 4 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS 22 PUBLICATIONS 12 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Neglected health problems in rural India View project Biodiversity Documentation View project All content following this page was uploaded by Vijay Anand Ismavel on 24 December 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Correspondence 123 peninsular India (Grimmett et al. 2011; Rasmussen & Anderton minY=11.103753465762485&env.maxX=93.01342361450202&env.maxY=12.31963 2012; eBird 2019). This species is a common winter visitor to 3103994705&zh=true&gp=true&ev=Z&mr=on&bmo=1&emo=1&yr=cur&byr=2019 Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and Tonkin (Robson 2008). &eyr=2019. [Accessed on: 19 January 2019.] DeCandido, R., Subedi, T., Siponen, M., Sutasha, K., Pierce, A., Nualsri, C., & Round, P. D., 2013. Flight identification of Milvus migrans lineatus ‘Black-eared’ Kite and Milvus migrans govinda ‘Pariah’ Kite in Nepal and Thailand. BirdingASIA 20: 32–36. Grimmett, R., Inskipp, C., & Inskipp, T., 2011. Birds of the Indian Subcontinent. 2nd ed. London: Oxford University Press & Christopher Helm. Pp. 1–528. Rasmussen, P. C., & Anderton, J. C., 2012. Birds of South Asia: the Ripley guide: field guide. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C. -
Passerines: Perching Birds
3.9 Orders 9: Passerines – perching birds - Atlas of Birds uncorrected proofs 3.9 Atlas of Birds - Uncorrected proofs Copyrighted Material Passerines: Perching Birds he Passeriformes is by far the largest order of birds, comprising close to 6,000 P Size of order Cardinal virtues Insect-eating voyager Multi-purpose passerine Tspecies. Known loosely as “perching birds”, its members differ from other Number of species in order The Northern or Common Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) The Common Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus) was The Common Magpie (Pica pica) belongs to the crow family orders in various fine anatomical details, and are themselves divided into suborders. Percentage of total bird species belongs to the cardinal family (Cardinalidae) of passerines. once thought to be a member of the thrush family (Corvidae), which includes many of the larger passerines. In simple terms, however, and with a few exceptions, passerines can be described Like the various tanagers, grosbeaks and other members (Turdidae), but is now known to belong to the Old World Like many crows, it is a generalist, with a robust bill adapted of this diverse group, it has a thick, strong bill adapted to flycatchers (Muscicapidae). Its narrow bill is adapted to to feeding on anything from small animals to eggs, carrion, as small birds that sing. feeding on seeds and fruit. Males, from whose vivid red eating insects, and like many insect-eaters that breed in insects, and grain. Crows are among the most intelligent of The word passerine derives from the Latin passer, for sparrow, and indeed a sparrow plumage the family is named, are much more colourful northern Europe and Asia, this species migrates to Sub- birds, and this species is the only non-mammal ever to have is a typical passerine. -
Preliminary Systematic Notes on Some Old World Passerines
Kiv. ital. Orn., Milano, 59 (3-4): 183-195, 15-XII-1989 STOBRS L. OLSON PRELIMINARY SYSTEMATIC NOTES ON SOME OLD WORLD PASSERINES TIPOGKAFIA FUSI - PAVIA 1989 Riv. ital. Ora., Milano, 59 (3-4): 183-195, 15-XII-1989 STORRS L. OLSON (*) PRELIMINARY SYSTEMATIC NOTES ON SOME OLD WORLD PASSERINES Abstract. — The relationships of various genera of Old World passerines are assessed based on osteological characters of the nostril and on morphology of the syrinx. Chloropsis belongs in the Pycnonotidae. Nicator is not a bulbul and is returned to the Malaconotidae. Neolestes is probably not a bulbul. The Malagasy species placed in the genus Phyllastrephus are not bulbuls and are returned to the Timaliidae. It is confirmed that the relationships of Paramythia, Oreocharis, Malia, Tylas, Hyper - gerus, Apalopteron, and Lioptilornis (Kupeornis) are not with the Pycnonotidae. Trochocercus nitens and T. cycmomelas are monarchine flycatchers referable to the genus TerpsiphoTie. « Trochocercus s> nigromitratus, « T. s> albiventer, and « T. » albo- notatus are tentatively referred to Elminia. Neither Elminia nor Erythrocercus are monarch] nes and must be removed from the Myiagridae (Monarchidae auct.). Grai- lina and Aegithina- are monarch flycatchers referable to the Myiagridae. Eurocephalus belongs in the Laniinae, not the Prionopinae. Myioparus plumbeus is confirmed as belonging in the Muscicapidae. Pinarornis lacks the turdine condition of the syrinx. It appears to be most closely related to Neoeossypha, Stizorhina, and Modulatrix, and these four genera are placed along with Myadestes in a subfamily Myadestinae that is the primitive sister-group of the remainder of the Muscicapidae, all of which have a derived morphology of the syrinx. -
Wood Warblers Wildlife Note
hooded warbler 47. Wood Warblers Like jewels strewn through the woods, Pennsylvania’s native warblers appear in early spring, the males arrayed in gleaming colors. Twenty-seven warbler species breed commonly in Pennsylvania, another four are rare breeders, and seven migrate through Penn’s Woods headed for breeding grounds farther north. In central Pennsylvania, the first species begin arriving in late March and early April. Louisiana waterthrush (Parkesia motacilla) and black and white warbler (Mniotilta varia) are among the earliest. The great mass of warblers passes through around mid-May, and then the migration trickles off until it ends in late May by which time the trees have leafed out, making it tough to spot canopy-dwelling species. In southern Pennsylvania, look for the migration to begin and end a few days to a week earlier; in northern Pennsylvania, it is somewhat later. As summer progresses and males stop singing on territory, warblers appear less often, making the onset of fall migration difficult to detect. Some species begin moving south as early as mid and late July. In August the majority specific habitat types and show a preference for specific of warblers start moving south again, with migration characteristics within a breeding habitat. They forage from peaking in September and ending in October, although ground level to the treetops and eat mainly small insects stragglers may still come through into November. But by and insect larvae plus a few fruits; some warblers take now most species have molted into cryptic shades of olive flower nectar. When several species inhabit the same area, and brown: the “confusing fall warblers” of field guides.