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Child Online Protection Statistical Framework International Telecommunication Union C hild Online P rotection Statistical Framework and Indicators 2010 ITU-D Geneva, October 2010 International Telecommunication Union CHILD ONLINE PROTECTION STATISTICAL FRAMEWORK AND INDICATORS Original language of publication: English © 2010 ITU International Telecommunication Union Place des Nations CH‐1211 Geneva, Switzerland Page | ii Foreword The dramatic change associated with the spread of information and communication technologies offers unprecedented opportunities for economic growth and social development in all countries, including in the developing world. At the same time, it also brings new risks and threats to safety and security – especially for children, who are among the most vulnerable members of our societies. With continued growth of the Internet and the Web itself, action needs to be taken to enable future generations of the world’s children to grow up safely using the new technologies. The outcomes of the Geneva and Tunis phases of the World Summit on the Information Society included strong commitments to the protection of children in cyberspace. The Geneva Declaration of Principles stated “We are also committed to ensuring that the development of ICT applications and operation of services respects the rights of children as well as their protection and well‐being.” The Tunis Agenda declared “We will strengthen action to protect children from abuse and defend their rights in the context of ICTs. In that context, we emphasize that the best interests of the child are a primary consideration.” The ITU Child Online Protection (COP) initiative is a response to those and similar commitments. It is an international collaborative effort led by ITU within the framework of its Global Cybersecurity Agenda (GCA). The COP initiative was launched in 2008 and endorsed by UN Secretary‐General, Heads of State, Ministers and heads of international organizations from around the world. It aims to promote global awareness on the importance of child safety in the online world, develop practical tools to assist governments, industry and educators and share their experiences in working to ensure a safe and secure online experience for children everywhere. This report considers the measurement aspects of child online protection. For the first time, an attempt has been made to provide an overall statistical framework related to the measurement of child online protection with a particular emphasis on measures that are suitable for international comparison. Most importantly, the report recommends a list of indicators related to measuring COP, along with their definitions and suggestions for data collection. The proposed indicators will enable Member States to assess the status of child online safety in their country, and identify aspects of child online protection that may require further effort. The report has been prepared with the objective to reliably measure the problem and monitor the solutions and therefore provides useful guidance to all countries, especially the developing countries, that are interested in monitoring child online safely issues. The report, which was prepared as an input to the COP initiative and the ITU Council Working Group on Child Online Protection, draws on the experience of countries that have piloted work on measuring COP. It will be subject to regular review as the experience in the measurement of child online protection grows. I am convinced that it will be a useful document for all Member States interested in tackling effectively the subject of child online protection. Sami Al Basheer Al Morshid Director, Telecommunication Development Bureau Page | iii Acknowledgements This report was prepared by Sheridan Roberts, consultant to the Market Information and Statistics Division of ITU’s Telecommunication Development Bureau, under the supervision of Susan Teltscher. Useful comments and/or material were provided by Susan Teltscher, Esperanza Magpantay, Vanessa Gray, Cristina Bueti, Souheil Marine and Aeree Baik of ITU; John Carr, Secretary of the Children’s Charities’ Coalition on Internet Safety; Laurent Bernat of the OECD; Kristina Irion, from the Central European University, Budapest; staff of the International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children (ICMEC); staff of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT), Egypt; and Siddharta De of the Australian Bureau of Statistics. A recent pilot survey of Internet safety issues conducted by Egypt used an earlier draft of this document and collected many of the indicators recommended in this report. Details of the pilot survey are described in chapters 5 and 6. The desktop publishing was carried out by Nathalie Rollet, and the cover was designed by Nicolas Stauble. Page | iv Table of contents Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................................ iv Table of contents ................................................................................................................................................. v List of examples ................................................................................................................................................ viii List of tables ..................................................................................................................................................... viii Chapter 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Child online protection: why is this subject important? ............................................................................................. 1 World Summit on the Information Society (2003 and 2005) ................................................................................ 1 World Congress III against Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents (2008) ........................................... 1 World Telecommunication and Information Society Day 2009 ............................................................................ 2 Worldwide effort: the Child Online Protection (COP) initiative .................................................................................. 2 History and scope ................................................................................................................................................. 2 Guidelines on child online protection ................................................................................................................... 3 Internet Governance Forum (2009) ...................................................................................................................... 5 Regional efforts ......................................................................................................................................................... 5 OECD ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 European Commission .......................................................................................................................................... 6 APEC ...................................................................................................................................................................... 6 NGOs ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Individual countries .............................................................................................................................................. 6 ITU’s statistical work on ICT and telecommunications .............................................................................................. 6 Content and structure of this publication .................................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 2. Statistical framework for child online protection ................................................................................. 9 What is a statistical framework? ............................................................................................................................... 9 Conceptual overview of child online protection ......................................................................................................... 9 Figure 1. Child online protection: conceptual overview ..................................................................................... 9 Existing statistical frameworks for child online protection ...................................................................................... 10 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................................ 10 Actors and units ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 Children ............................................................................................................................................................... 11 Parents and
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