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PE 09 2015 Layout 1 SHABBAT VAYELECH 19 SETTEMBRE 2015 MILANO 19.11 20.12 | FIRENZE 19.03 20.02 | ROMA 18.57 19.55 | VENEZIA 18.59 19.59 5775 אלול | n. 9 - settembre 2015 Pagine Ebraiche – mensile di attualità e cultura dell’Unione delle Comunità Ebraiche Italiane - Anno 7 | Redazione: Lungotevere Sanzio 9 – Roma 00153 – [email protected] – www.paginebraiche.it | Direttore responsabile: Guido Vitale euro 3,00 Reg. Tribunale di Roma – numero 218/2009 – ISSN 2037-1543 | Poste Italiane Spa - Spedizione in Abbonamento Postale D.L.353/2003 (conv. in L.27/02/2004 n.46) Art.1 Comma 1, DCB MILANO | Distribuzione: Pieroni distribuzione - v.le Vittorio Veneto, 28 - 20124 Milano - Tel. +39 02 632461 Non c’è futuro senza cultura Dalla stagione dei grandi festival alla lotta contro la demenza digitale AttraversaMenti in vista La Giornata dei Ponti Firenze capitale della cultura ebraica per il grande appuntamento di settembre. Centinaia di località in 32 paesi in tutta Europa offrono un programma ricco di occasioni di incontro. L’Italia ebraica apre le sue porte e invita ognuno a conoscere una componente irrinunciabile della società in cui viviamo, con la sua storia bimillenaria e valori che sono patrimonio di tutti. / pagg. 2-3 e nell’inserto La scrittrice ucraina ha scelto di esprimersi in tedesco, nella lingua dei persecutori, che ha appreso Nella lingua nemica in età adulta, mettendo a segno un grande classico. A Pagine Ebraiche racconta come ha deciso di regolare A colloquio con Katja Petrowskaja: “Molte identità, una storia” pagg. 4-5 i suoi conti con Forse Esther Giorgio Albertini CULTURA / ARTE / SPETTACOLO DOSSIER OPINIONI a pagg. A CONFRONTO 32-33 FOCUS DA PAG. 9 SOLITUDINE COERENZA SULL’ANNO Sergio Della Pergola Alberto Heimler PONTI SCELTE L’anno ebraico David Bidussa Renzo Bandinelli appena concluso sotto la lente. DIALOGO IDENTITÅ Fatti e persone Anna Foa Davide Assael che hanno PICCHI DI MEMORIA segnato il 5775, COMPLICITÅ ANTISEMITISMO una stagione Anna Segre Luca Michelini Una mostra a Cogne racconta l’intimo rapporto intensa e difficile per di Primo Levi con le montagne. Dalle prime esperienze l’universo ebraico in Italia, in VALORI GIOVANI giovanili al legame con Sandro Delmastro, Israele e nel mondo. / pagg. 9-28 Francesco Lucrezi Saul Meghnagi dalla Resistenza al difficile ritorno. a pagg. Capo di Stato e Capo di governo, strade diverse 6-7 Le due Israele di Reuven e Bibi Musei, Ferrara spicca il volo e apre i cantieri a pagg. 2-3 / P2 POLITICA / SOCIETÀ n. 9 | settembre 2015 pagine ebraiche Il finanziamento per il Meis? Un fatto di eccezionale significato. La rotta indicata dal ministro Da- rio Franceschini, che ha così com- Ferrara, il futuro prende forma mentato lo stanziamento di sette milioni di euro da destinare al Mu- Al Meis cantiere aperto e nuovi progetti da realizzare. Con la benedizione di Franceschini seo Nazionale dell'Ebraismo Ita- liano e della Shoah di Ferrara, è un chiaro segnale a tutta l'Italia che guarda con interesse e parte- cipazione ai valori testimoniati dal- la minoranza ebraica. Ne è consapevole Massimo Mai- sto, vicesindaco e assessore alla Cultura della città emiliana (oltre che membro del cda del Meis), che a Pagine Ebraiche racconta: “Questa decisione, assunta all'in- terno del Piano Strategico Grandi Progetti Beni Culturali, è impor- tante per due motivi. Il fi- nanziamento in sé, signifi- cativo come valore econo- u Nell'immagine in alto a sinistra un momento dell'ultima edizione della Festa del Libro Ebraico in Italia, che richiama ogni primavera mico. Ma anche il ricono- migliaia di visitatori nella città estense. A destra un tour nei luoghi dell'ebraismo ferrarese. Nell’immagine piccola il vicesindaco Maisto scimento del ruolo svolto dal nostro museo a livello mente – sottolinea Mai- “anche perché sono ormai due an- denominata “Lotto C”. documentazione e biblioteca. Lo nazionale e internazionale: sto – tutto questo impo- ni che le cose stanno andando in Proprio in giardino saranno ospi- stanziamento avallato da France- la riprova nel fatto che il Meis ne un'accelerazione, anche da par- un certo modo”. Maisto cita tra gli tate quattro strutture in vetro, che schini servirà invece per costruire, compare al fianco di eccellenze te nostra, per portare a compimen- altri un precedente stanziamento comporranno la narrazione mu- ex novo, il volume vitreo che sor- italiane come Museo degli Uffizi to la governance e stabilire un pro- voluto dal ministro Bray e l'appalto seale. Mentre il “Lotto C”, una vol- gerà davanti ai Rampari di San e Colosseo”. getto museale definitivo”. Ma i se- per i lavori in corso d'opera nel ta completato, fungerà da spazio Paolo, sul lato opposto rispetto al- Onori, ma anche oneri. “Natural- gnali sono incoraggianti, insiste, giardino e nella struttura centrale espositivo e da sede del centro di l'attuale ingresso. Uno degli ele- Pregiudizio, i politici primi responsabili pulsione appunto, e l’odio. Secondo della popolazione totale, molto mi- cioè, praticamente, una scatola vuo- ú –– Enzo Campelli i dati rilevati nel 2014 dal Pew Re- nore che non la Svizzera, ad esem- ta. sociologo search Center, un istituto nonparti- pio, e meno della metà che non la Rispetto ad ogni speranza di infor- san di ricerca con sede a Washin- Francia. La Spagna, al contrario, mo- mazione attendibile, poi, la campa- gton, l’Italia è il paese europeo in cui stra contemporaneamente la mag- gna politico-mediatica di questi mesi si registra la percentuale più alta di gior presenza e la minor quota di at- costituisce l’esatto contrario, fatta co- giudizi negativi nei confronti della teggiamenti pregiudizialmente nega- me è di slogan urlati, falsità concla- Antropologi e sociologi hanno spes- comunità RSC: 85% degli intervistati, tivi. D’altra parte, quanto poco nel mate e razzismi bipartisan che non so utilizzato la categoria dall’ambi- più di quattro italiani su cinque. Co- del suo oggetto, mitizzarne la por- nostro paese si sappia – di concreto, avvertono neanche più il pudore ri- valenza nelle loro ricerche circa l’at- me spesso accade quando si parla di tata, e moltiplicare l’allarme senza preciso e reale – sul tema Rom è di- tuale del mascheramento: dagli eser- teggiamento delle maggioranze nei pregiudizio – e di antisemitismo – troppo riguardo per i dati reali. E mostrato da una ricerca condotta nel cizi di apartheid fai-da-te come nel confronti dello straniero. Dagli studi questa straordinaria unanimità ne- appunto questi ultimi, secondo le sti- 2008 dall’ISPO - Italiani, Rom e Sinti caso dell’autobus per soli Rom pro- di Simmel in poi, polarità analitiche gativa non ha particolarmente biso- me più recenti (2014) della Commis- a confronto – dalla quale risultava posto dall’amministrazione (di sini- come attrazione e repulsione, vici- gno che il “nemico” costituisca dav- sione Europea, dicono che fra i paesi che la quota di intervistati che ri- stra) di un paese vicino Torino, ai nanza e lontananza, amore e odio, vero una presenza massiccia e in- europei l’Italia comprende una quota spondevano correttamente a una se- deliranti discorsi di odio dei razzisti sono spesso servite come assi con- combente. Al contrario, il pregiudizio comparativamente fra le più basse rie di domande elementari riguar- professionisti della destra. Tutti uniti, cettuali con i quali costruire imma- può facilmente dilatare le dimensioni di Rom, Sinti e Caminanti: 0,25% danti i Rom, non superava lo 0,1%, costoro, a denunciare il “buonismo” gini complesse della diversità cultu- rale. Si è spesso trattato di contributi di grande rilievo, in altri casi ci sono ATTEGGIAMENTO SFAVOREVOLE LE COMUNITÀ RSC IN ALCUNI PAESI EUROPEI state rappresentazioni di maniera, VERSO LE MINORANZE IN ALCUNI PAESI (% sulla popolazione totale) intrise di romanticismo ingenuo. A (% sfavorevoli) giudicare tuttavia da quanto sta ac- Spagna 1,63 cadendo in Italia negli ultimi anni – Rom Musulmani Ebrei Grecia 1,55 e con un’accelerazione particolaris- Francia 0,62 sima in questi mesi – questo tradi- Italia 85 63 24 Svezia 0,53 zionale approccio analitico alla di- Francia 66 27 10 Austria 0,42 versità sembra, almeno in un caso, Grecia 53 53 47 Svizzera 0,38 assolutamente logoro e non più uti- Regno Unito 50 26 7 Regno Unito 0,36 lizzabile. Nei confronti di Rom, Sinti Polonia 49 50 26 Belgio 0,28 e Caminanti (RSC), infatti, ogni alo- Germania 42 33 5 Italia 0,25 ne di romanticismo benevolo sembra Spagna 41 46 18 Germania 0,13 scomparso dalla percezione comune, 0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 e delle vecchie coppie analitiche non fonte: European Commission : Roma Integration- 2014 fonte: European Commission : Roma Integration- 2014 è rimasto che il polo negativo: la re- www.moked.it pagine ebraiche n. 9 | settembre 2015 2015 POLITICA / SOCIETÀ / P3 menti che si annuncia tra i più af- fascinanti del museo. Una Giornata per i Ponti e la Cultura “Ferrara, come tutte le città di cul- tura, ha grandi slanci di generosità C'è chi vi ha sciacquato i panni Ogni pezzettino è un ponte verso ma anche profonde diffidenze. della lingua italiana. E c'è chi tutti quelli che lo circondano”. Tanto che negli scorsi anni ci sono continua a rimirarlo languido al Per Jarach, essere ponte vuol di- stati ferraresi che si sono chiesti: tramonto. re rispondere a un bisogno di co- non è che il Meis sarà l'ennesima Fosse solo per la lunghezza sa- noscenza “largamente diffuso”. incompiuta? La mia sensazione – rebbe da classificare tra i corsi Ma è anche affrontare nel modo spiega il vicesindaco – è che queste di media importanza. Ma guai a giusto le sfide più incalzanti della diffidenze siano state pienamente fidarsi delle impressioni perché quotidianità. A partire dall’acco- superate con i fatti”.
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