10.1515/botlit-2016-0020

BOTANICA LITHUANICA ISSN 2029-932X 2016, 22(2): 182–184

ERIGERON SUMATRENSIS (), CASUAL ALIEN NEW TO THE POLISH FLORA

Artur Pl i s z k o

Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Institute of Botany, Department of , Phytogeography and Paleobo- tany, Kopernika Str. 31, Kraków PL-31-501, Poland

E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Pliszko A., 2016: Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae), casual alien new to the Polish flora [Erigeron sumatren- sis (Asteraceae) – nauja atsitiktinai patekusi svetimžemė Lenkijos floros rūšis]. – Bot. Lith., 22(2): 182–184. Erigeron sumatrensis is newly reported as casual alien in Poland. A single was found growing on the edge of the roadside in Głogoczów near Mogilany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. The locality was mapped by using the ATPOL cartogram method, and the pathway of introduction by road transport was presented. Keywords: casual alien, sumatrensis, distribution, Poland.

Erigeron sumatrensis Retz. (Conyza sumatrensis to E. bonariensis L. and E. canadensis L. However, (Retz.) E. Walker), an annual or biennial herb of the it can be separated from E. bonariensis by its smaller Asteraceae family, is native to South America and was capitula and the presence of a very short lamina in ray introduced to North America, Europe, Asia, Africa flowers, and fromE . canadensis by its densely hirsute and Australia (Pr u s k i & Sa n c h o , 2006). In Europe, it involucral bracts and stems (Wu r z e l l , 1988; An a s t a - has been reported as a naturalized species in Portugal, s i u & Me m e d e m i n , 2012). This paper presents the first Spain, Andorra, France, the United Kingdom, Bel- record of E. sumatrensis in Poland. gium, the Netherlands, Germany, Croatia, Montene- Taxonomic treatment of E. sumatrensis followed gro, Italy, Slovenia, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Mal- the concept proposed by Gr e u t e r (2003). Identifica- ta, Turkey, and as a casual alien in Switzerland, Ireland tion was based on diagnostic morphological features and Sweden (Gr e u t e r , 2006–2016; Ra n d a l l , 2012 given by Wu r z e l l (1988), Vl a d i m i r o v (2009) and and the literature cited therein). It is a thermophilous An a s t a s i u & Me m e d e m i n (2012). Distribution map species that favours arid, sun-baked niches (Wu r z e l l , was prepared by using the ATPOL cartogram method 1988), and usually occurs in anthropogenic habitats (Za j ą c , 1978), where the basic unit is a square with a such as abandoned fields, gardens, railway embank- side length of 10 km. Geographical-historical status ments, roadsides, cracks in paving and brick walls followed Py š e k et al. (2004). A voucher specimen of (Wu r z e l l , 1988; Ha o et al., 2009; Vl a d i m i r o v , 2009; E. sumatrensis is deposited at the Herbarium of the An a s t a s i u & Me m e d e m i n , 2012). Moreover, Ni n o t et Institute of Botany of the Jagiellonian University in al. (2010–2011) mentioned that E. sumatrensis is Kraków (KRA0462523). a component of the ruderal plant community As- Erigeron sumatrensis was discovered in tero squamati-Amaranthetum­ viridis Carretero 1993 Głogoczów near Mogilany, Lesser Poland Voivode- formed under the warm Mediterranean conditions. ship, southern Poland (GPS coordinates: 49°55.260′ Erigeron sumatrensis is morphologically very similar N/19°52.921′ E; altitude: 266 m a.s.l.) on 14 Sep-

182 Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae), casual alien new to the Polish flora tember 2016. This locality is situated within the unit DF89 of the ATPOL cartogram grid (Fig. 1). A single specimen of E. su- matrensis was found growing on the edge of the roadside of Zako- pianka road, a stretch of National road No. 7 between Kraków and Zakopane, accompanied by Atri- plex prostrata Boucher ex DC., Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br., Elymus repens (L.) Gould, Leon- todon autumnalis L., Plantago major L., Polygonum aviculare L., Potentilla anserina L., Puc- cinellia distans (Jacq.) Parl., Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult., Solidago canaden- sis L. and Sonchus oleraceus L. Both sides of Zakopianka road in Głogoczów as well as in the neighbouring villages (i.e. Mogi- Fig. 1. Location of the first record ofErigeron sumatrensis in Poland lany, Bęczarka and Krzyszko- wice) were checked by the author, but there was no sign of other stands of E. sumatrensis. Currently, E. su- Gr e u t e r W., 2003: The Euro+Med treatment of matrensis is a casual alien in the flora of Poland, and Asteraceae (Compositae): generic concepts and probably was introduced by road transport. required new names. – Willdenowia, 33(1): 45– Erigeron sumatrensis is known as an agricultural 47. weed and an invasive species in many countries in the Gr e u t e r W., 2006–2016: Compositae (pro parte ma- world (Ra n d a l l , 2012 and the literature cited there- jore). – In: Gr e u t e r W. & Ra a b -St r a u b e E. von in). Ha o et al. (2009) pointed out that the high and (eds), Compositae. Euro+Med Plantbase – the in- rapid production of achenes, high dispersal capability formation resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant of achenes as well as rapid germination enhances the diversity. [available from http://ww2.bgbm.org] invasiveness of E. sumatrensis. Since the plant is re- Ha o J.H., Qi a n g S., Li u Q.Q., Ca o F., 2009: Repro- stricted to warm regions and habitats (Wu r z e l l , 1988; ductive traits associated with invasiveness in Co- Vl a d i m i r o v , 2009), its establishment in Poland as well nyza sumatrensis. – Journal of Systematics and as in Eastern European countries seems to be difficult, Evolution, 47: 245–254. however, the global warming may increase the chance Ni n o t J.M., Fo n t X., Ma s a l l e s R.M., Vi g o J., that the plant will extend its distribution area in tem- 2010–2011: Syntaxonomic conspectus of the perate zones in the future as it was evidenced in the vegetation of Catalonia and Andorra. II: Ruderal case of other alien species (Wa l t h e r et al., 2009). communities. – Acta Botanica Barcinonensia, 53: 113–189. REFERENCES Pr u s k i J.F., Sa n c h o G., 2006: Conyza sumatrensis var. leiotheca (Compositae: Astereae), a new An a s t a s i u P., Me m e d e m i n D., 2012: Conyza sumat- combination for a common neotropical weed. – rensis: a new alien plant in Romania. – Botanica Novon, 16(1): 96–101. Serbica, 36(1): 37–40. Py š e k P., Ri c h a r d s o n D.H., Re j m á n e k M., We b -

183 Pl i s z k o A.

s t e r G.L., Wi l l i a m s o n M., Ki r s c h n e r J., 2004: Hi c k l e r T., Ja r o í k V., Ke n i s M., Kl o t z s., Alien in checklists and floras: towards bet- Mi n c h i n d., Mo o r a M., Ne n t w i g W., Ot t j., ter communication between taxonomists and ecol- Pa n o v V.E., Re i n e k i n g B., Ro b i n e t C., Se- ogists. – Taxon, 53(1): 131–143. m e n c h e n k o V., So l a r z W., Th u i l l e r W., Vi l à M., Ra n d a l l R.P., 2012: A global compendium of Vo h l a n d K., Se t t e l e J., 2009: Alien species in a weeds. – Western Australia. warmer world: risks and opportunities. – Trends Vl a d i m i r o v V., 2009: Erigeron sumatrensis (Asterace- in Ecology and Evolution, 24(12): 686–693. ae): a recently recognized alien species in the Bulgar- Wu r z e l l B., 1988: Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) ian flora. – Phytologia Balcanica, 15(3): 361–365. E. Walker established in England. – Watsonia, 17: Wa l t h e r G.R., Ro q u e s A., Hu l m e P.E., Sy k e s M.T., 145–148. Py š e k P., Kü h n I., Zo b e l M., Ba c h e r S., Bo t t a - Za j ą c A., 1978: Atlas of distribution of vascular plants Du k á t Z., Bu g m a n n H., Cz ú c z B., Da u b e r j., in Poland (ATPOL). – Taxon, 27(5–6): 481–484.

Erigeron sumatrensis (Asteraceae) – nauja atsitiktinai patekusi svetim- žemė Lenkijos floros rūšis

Artur Pl i s z k o

Santrauka

Erigeron sumatrensis Retz. yra svetimžemė, į augo krašto kelio šalikelėje ruderalinių augalų bendri- Lenkiją atsitiktinai patekusi rūšis. Vienas šios rūšies joje. Radvietė kartografuota naudojant ATPOL karto- augalas pirmą kartą buvo aptiktas 2016 metų rugsėjo grafavimo metodą. Manoma, kad į šalį šios rūšies au- 14 dieną Głogoczów kaime (į pietvakarius nuo Mogi- galo sėkla pateko automobiliais pervežant krovinius. lany, Mažosios Lenkijos vaivadija, Pietų Lenkija). Jis

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