Unit 10 Personal Authors (Western and Indic Names)

Personal Authors (Western and Indic Names) UNIT 10 PERSONAL AUTHORS (WESTERN AND INDIC NAMES) Structure 10.0 Objectives 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Author Catalogue 10.2.1 Author Approach 10.2.2 Authorship 10.2.3 Choice of Heading 10.2.4 Form of Heading 10.3 Rules for Choice of Heading 10.3.1 AACR-2R 10.3.2 CCC 10.4 Rules for Form of Heading 10.4.1 AACR-2R 10.4.2 CCC 10.4.3 Other Indic Names: Muslim Names 10.5 Summary 10.6 Answers to Self Check Exercises 10.7 Key Words 10.8 References and Further Reading 10.0 OBJECTIVES You have learnt, in Block 2, the different areas of catalogue entries for different types of documents, their sequence in presenting information and the different ways of filing of entries in a dictionary and a classified catalogue. In this Unit, you are introduced to the composition of the heading which carries the name of the author of a document. This involves the choice and rendering of an author's name. We are confined to personal names here. After reading this Unit, you will be able to: • describe the functions of an author catalogue; • explain the concept of authorship; • distinguish the two basic skills required in cataloguing, 'i.e., to choose and to render the heading for a personal author; and • get an insight into the purpose of cataloguing and various customary usages for rendering Western and Indic names as standardised in AACR-2R and CCC. 10.1 INTRODUCTION

Author catalogue, in spite of the current popularity of subject approach to information, has remained the most used bibliographic tool in all types of libraries. Building a strong author catalogue is the primary function of a catalogue. For turning out an effective catalogue capable of Ideating and correctly identifying every author whose literary output is held in the library collection, it is first necessary to know the function of author catalogue and the concept of authorship as it is understood in library cataloguing. Equally important is to know what constitutes heading in a catalogue and what purpose it serves.

Basically then, there are two skills a cataloguer must acquire; (i) to choose from the bibliographic data available on the title page of a book, the name of the person who 5 can be identified as the

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of author of the item, and (ii) to render that name into an appropriate heading in a manner Non-Print Media most likely to coincide with the approach of majority of catalogue users. The understanding of authorship will enable the cataloguer to choose the right name as the basis for heading and his acquaintance with customary usages of identifying. Personal names in different Western and Indian communities will enable him to render his choice into the most appropriate form. All this again is to be done, on the basis of cataloguing rules that are widely followed in libraries. This unit defines and discusses different problems concerning the 'choice and form of personal names for building author catalogues. 10.2 AUTHOR CATALOGUE As a student of library science, you can now appreciate that librarianship is basically concerned with creating systematic records of bibliographical items. Each record that a librarian creates is expected to provide access to a source of information like a book or an article from a journal or some other document. We may refer to it as a `bibliographic record'. It is possible to collect these bibliographic records into different sets according to the function each set performs. One such set of records, for example, may be used as a finding list, otherwise known as a library catalogue. A library catalogue consists of records or entries, each of which cites a book. There are several ways of citing a book. In other words, there are several kinds of entries for a book, as you must have learnt while studying Unit 5 of the present course. One way of recording a book in a catalogue is to enter it under the name of its author. Additionally, a book may be entered under its title as also under the subject of its content. A cataloguer thus presumes that a library user has three ways of approaching the collection - author, title, or subject. Here again, the presumption is that the user knows the àuthor's name or the title. When neither is known, subject approach is helpful. Occasionally a user may want to see if there is any book/ new book published under a series (see Unit 5). 10.2.1 Author Approach Of the three approaches, author approach is most common. There are several reasons for it. The first of these is that the author's name is an easily identifiable element, as it is very clearly stated on the title page of a book. Another reason is that an author is "the person chiefly responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a work" (AACR- 2). This gives rise to the concept of intellectual responsibility coming down to use from the historical tradition of scholarship. Initially, libraries and their catalogues were developed for the scholar for whom it was necessary to bring all works of an author at one place and an author catalogue served this purpose very well. The importance of an author at one place and an author catalogue is so much that all codes of cataloguing from 1908 Anglo- American Code to AACR-2 embody mainly rules for author entries. However, as early as 1876, Charles Ammie Cutter showed keen interest in subject cataloguing and developed his remarkable Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue. With the development of science libraries, subject catalogue has been growing in importance. Author catalogue, nevertheless, remains predominant irrespective of the type of library. No wonder then that all printed catalogues of the major libraries of the world are author catalogues, e.g., British Museum General Catalogue of Printed Books. 10.2.2 Authorship Having seen the predominance of author catalogue, we need to know what constitutes authorship in the context of cataloguing. It is seen above that AACR-2 regards author as the person chiefly responsible for creating the intellectual content of a book. In other words the author is one who has conceived the ideas expressed in a book and desires to communicate them to others. It is then natural for a scholar and a cataloguer to ascribe a work to its creator. In cataloguing, however, it is not only the principle of intellectual responsibility that operates but one is required to go beyond it. The term àuthor' is taken in a much broader sense by a cataloguer. For a cataloguer, author is not just a person who writes a book, but also one who is otherwise responsible for the creation of the intellectual or artistic content of a book/work. This explains the existence of entries such as editors' commentators, compilers and translators under àuthors'. Although these are not the persons responsible for creating the original work, but they are yet responsible for bringing it out in a particular fowl for the first time. The different version of the original is thus the product of their 6 intellection and therefore they are

Personal Authors regarded as authors. Thus, the intellectual or artistic contents of a book may be the (Western and Indic Names) outcome of, the work by a single person or a group of persons or a corporate body. Broadly speaking, authorship can be stated in two ways - personal authors, and corporate bodies responsible for the thought content of a work. In another sense, authorship can be of the following types, - single, shared responsibility and works produced by compilation or under editorial direction. 10.2.3 Choice of Heading In cataloguing, a heading is a name (in an author catalogue) or a term (in a subject catalogue) appearing at the head of an entry and may consist of one or more words or phrases. For a catalogue user, a heading acts as an access point to a source of information or bibliographical item. For example: Flippo, Edwin B Personnel Management Here Flippo, Edwin B. is the heading that provides access to Flippo's book (bibliographical item) called Personnel Management. For a cataloguer a heading is an entry point, meaning the point in a sequence at which the record will find its place in the catalogue. Heading serves as the point of reference for both filing and search. As already said a heading very often consists of several words and the first of these matters more than the others. This first among a string of words forming a heading is known, and referred to, as `entry element'. Personal names as headings can be of two kinds; those which provide direct access to bibliographical items, as in the above case, and others that refer the catalogue user to another entry in the catalogue. For example, Mookherjea see Mukherji This second kind is known as reference entry. In an author catalogue, therefore, all headings will be in the form of names of personal authors, names of corporate bodies will also be there, but that is not the point of discussion at the moment. A cataloguer preparing an author catalogue chooses the author's name as it appears on the title page of a book. Thus, the author's name is the natural choice of a heading in an -author catalogue. 10.2.4 Form of Heading Having made the choice of a heading which, in the context of this Unit, is the personal name, the next step involved in author cataloguing is to render it in such a way as to conform to the customary usage of the linguistic community to which the author belongs. An author's name usually consists of several parts and it is the cataloguer's responsibility to choose the appropriate part of the name to start the heading of an entry. The idea here is that it is most likely that, a catalogue-user would seek the author's work he wishes to examine under this part of author's name. The following example will clarify the difference between the choice and the form of heading Choice of Heading Form of Heading Henry St. John St.John Henry John Henry Smith Smith, John Henry Roland le Cordier Le Cordier,Roland Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi Munshi, Kanaiyalal Maneklal Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli In the above examples, two distinct patterns are discernible. In the first four cases of the example, personal names consist of forenames and what is termed by their surname and so the headings, in these cases, are under the surnames as family name or surname. These authors, in the linguistic communities they represent, are known as shown above except in case of Radhakrishnan. 7 The next question, however, is to identify that part of the name which signifies the author's

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of surname. Ordinarily it is the last or end part of the name. It is indicative of the vocation, the Non-Print Media caste (in the case of some Indic names), the place to which the family originally belonged or the office held by an ancestor. Lastly, the forenames are often reduced to initials, but the surnames are generally mentioned in full. However, there are several national and regional peculiarities which we will look into later. The last case in the above example represents the other pattern where the forename happens to be the more significant part and, as such, the heading is rendered under it. In this pattern, name starts with place name followed by a forename. A variant form of this is place name, father's name and forename in main order. The fourth two-place name and father's name are often reduced to initals; as in the case of S.R.Ranganathan, and the entry is made under the end part of the name which is in fact the first name or forename of the author. There is yet another pattern in India in which names consist of only a simple or compound forename such as, Ram Gopal Atma Ram These are entered in direct order. There is no surname In the above cases and so there is no transposition of parts of name. Self Check Exercise 1) Bring out the meaning of the term ‘author’in the context of cataloguing in five lines. Note: 1) Write your answer in the space given below. 2) Check your answer with the answer given at the end of this Unit. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… 10.3 RULES FOR CHOICE OF HEADING We now know that in author cataloguing, it is always the name of an author that is chosen-as heading. It is also seen that the heading chosen has to be rendered in the form most likely to be used by catalogue-users while searching. It is necessary at this stage to know about the rules as existing in the two codes of cataloguing you are required to study for the purpose of this course, viz., AACR-2R and Classified Catalogue Code. 10.3.1 AACR-2R In AACR-2R under `Choice of Name' there are 19 rules of which four are about pseudonyms. Since pseudonyms are dealt with in Unit 12, we will leave these four rules from our discussion here. Of the remaining 15 rules, only five basic rules will be discussed. It is also not necessary to cite the rules ad verbum here. The first basic rule is that the name by which an author is commonly known should be chosen `as the basis of the heading'. For example, Homer Kalidasa George Bernard Shaw Louis MacNiece R.K. Narayan The name by which an author is commonly known is determined from the chief sources of information of works by that person. This rule holds good also in the case of persons in a non-verbal context, e.g., painters, engravers, etc. Bibliographies and 8 biographical dictionaries

Personal Authors like Books in Print and Who's Who of Indian Writers are obviously such chief (Western and Indic Names) sources of information of works. Title of nobility or honour, or words or phrases that commonly appear in association with the name are included in the name chosen. Thus, Duke of Marlborough Sir John Suckling Munshi Premchand Acharya Rajnish Two other rules are about accents and other diacritical marks and hypens. Accents and diacritical marks and hypens in the name are to be retained, e.g., John Le Carre Charlotte Bronte Winifried Gerin Ange-Pierre Leca The remaining 10 rules are about variations in writing names, change of names, fullness, language and script of names and variant spellings. One common guideline in all these situations is to choose the name by which an author is commonly known or to choose that form of the name in which it is more often written or mentioned. 10.3.2 CCC Classified Catalogue Code lays down general principles about the choice of personal names as the basis of the heading. These principles are embodied in the Canons (general laws governing the treatment of a subject) formulated in the Code. For example, CCC states that "the safest course to determine the choice of the heading is to rely on the Canon of Ascertainability." Canon of Ascertainability states that the information found in the title page and its overflow pages of a document should be the guide for a cataloguer. Besides, guidance in the matter of choice of heading is also provided obliquely through the extended discussion on terminology and definitions. Rule FC31 is a basic rule. According to it, "Person as author, the responsibility for the thought and the expression constituting the work resting solely on his private capacity and not on the capacity body, nor on the capacity of that body". Thus, the question of responsibility, helps in deciding the choice of heading. It is here that the normative principles play an important role in helping to take a decision in the matter: By and large there is no difference between AACR and CCC with regard to the choice of personal names as the basis of the heading. Self Check Exercises 2) Following are some real works. Underline the personal names which, in your view, should be chosen the heading. a) Photographs. by Bill Brandt. Introduction by Mark Howorth Booth. New York, International Exhibit Foundation, 1980. b) Photographs for the Tsar: the pioneering colour photography of Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin Gorskii. New York, Dial Press,1980.: c) Engraved works 1755 to 1522 of Sir. Joshua Reynolds. Rev. ed. by Edward D. Hamilton, Montclair, Scharm, 1973. d) Symphonies of Ralph Vaughan Williams. Elliot S. Schwartz. Amherst, University of Massachusetts Press, 1965, e) Symphonies of G.B. Sammartini. ed. by Bathia D. Churgin. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1968. f) Paintings and the Journal of Joseph Whiting Stock. ed. by Juliette Tomlinson. Middleton, Wesleyan University Press, 1976. g) Atlas of the Historical Geography of the United States, Charles O. Pauline. ed. by John K. Wright. New York, Amer. Geog. Soc., 1932. 9 Note: Check your answers with the answers given at the end of this Unit.

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of 10.4 RULES FOR FORM OF HEADING Non-Print Media It is already explained that personal names are stated according to the practices in vogue in the various linguistic communities. There are communities, for example, that use surnames. There are also communities in which these do not exist. Among those communities, which use surnames, there are some which put them at the beginning of the name, while there are many who put them at the end. There are other variations in the name forms, like hyphenated surnames, surnames with titles and phrases of honour and with prefixes, so on and so forth. In order to achieve the consistency of choice of entry elements between cataloguers and catalogue-users there exist rules for rendering these names into appropriate headings. Rules, in this case, bring about standardisation which in turn avoids the scattering of works of an author: and ensures their identification by catalogue-users. As in the case of choice of names, let us therefore see how AACR-2R tackles the problem of rendering personal names into consistent headings. 10.4.1 AACR-2R Personal names consist of several parts and one of these is selected to form the entry element in a heading. The part of the name that intitates the heading is called entry element. AACR-2R prescribes 90 rules for determining the entry element and rendering the full heading. We are concerned with only thoge rules which cover the rending of Western and Indic names. Roughly, we can separate these relevant rules into three groups, viz., general, those relating to Western names and those concerning Indic names. General Rules Reference to these rules will reveal that usage and literary warrant (what is commonly found in records) are ultimate determinants in rendering personal names into headings. Take for example, the first of these general rules. It reads: if a person's name consists of several parts, select as the entry element that part of the name under which the person would normally be listed in authoritative alphabetic lists in his or her language or country. Thus: from William Butler Yeats to Yeats, William Butler from Manohar Malgonkar to Malgonkar, Manohar from Andre Malraux to Malraux, Andre In all these cases, the names are entered under the surname, e.g., Yeats, Malgonkar and Malraux. In several Indian languages, however, authors are known by their forenames. Again, forename may be the first element in the name as is often the case in North Indian (Indo-Aryan) names or the last as in the South Indian (Dravidian) names. For example Krishna Chandra (Hindi) Tanguturi Prakasam (Telugu) While the former is entered as it is, Krishna Chandra, the latter under Prakasam. This gives rise to two basic rules: If the entry element is the first element of the name, enter the name in direct order. Krishna Chandra Note that there is no need to put a comma in between Krishna and Chandra when you are writing the name in its direct order. If the entry element is not the first element of the name, transpose the elements preceding the entry element. Prakasam, Tanguturi After this general introduction it will be in order to see how the various Western and Indic names are entered. While doing this, only the basic rules and illustrative cases under each of them are presented. Western Names Surnames are common in all European languages. However, there are surnames with prefixes, compound surnames with or without a hyphen, surnames with place names, 10 titles of nobility and terms of honour. There are also names of royalty, popes and other ecclesiastical officials. The problem is complex enough. Let us see it language wise.

Personal Authors English (1ndo-European) Names (Western and Indic Names) 1) English names consist of forename (s) and a surname, and as such, the surname is the entry element. W. Somereset Maugham to Maugham, W. Somereset Logan Pearsall Smith to Smith, Logan Pearsall 2) There are surnames with separately written prefixes such as De, Le, Du and De la. All such names are entered under the prefix. Thomas De Quincy to De Quincy, Thomas John Le Carre to Le Carre, John Daphne Du Maurier to Du Maurier, Daphne Walter De la Mare to De la Mare, Walter There are other prefixes which are neither articles nor prepositions. Even then, the entries are made under the prefix. David FitzGerald to FitzGerald, David. William Macdonald to Macdonald, William Henry O'Neil to O'Neil, Henry 3) Compound surnames, with or without a hyphen, are entered under the first element of the compound. Mark Bonham Carter to Bonham Carter, Mark Cecil Day – Lewis to Day – Lewis, Cecil David Llyod George to Llyod George, David Henry Smith – Dorrien to Smith – Dorrien, Henry If a name has the appearance of a compound surname but its nature is uncertain, enter it under its last part. John Stuart Mill to Mill, John Stuart John Crawford Adams to Adams, John Crawford In the case of married women with compound names consisting of maiden name and husband's surname, the entry is made under the husband's surname. Harriet Beecher Stowe to Stowe, Harriet Beecher 4) The rule for the names with titles of nobility reads as follows: Enter under the proper name in a title of nobility, if the person is commonly known by that title. Follow the proper name in the title by the personal name in direct order and the term of rank. Take, for example, the two well known persons, Lord Byron and Lord Macaulay. Their full names are George Gordon Byron and Thomas Babington Macaulay. Enter these as: Byron, George Gordon, Baron Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Baron If an author is more commonly known by his title, the entry is made under the last part of the title, e.g., Duke of Wellington or Earl of Arundel. Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Arundel, Philip Howard, Earl of However, if an author is not commonly associated with his title, his surname becomes the entry element. Disraeli, Benjamin, Earl of Beaconsfield 5) British titles of honour, Sir, Dame and Lady, are added, if they commonly appear with the names of authors in their works. Sir John Suckling to Suckling, Sir John Dame Rebecca West to West, Dame Rebecca Note these titles of honour precede the forename. The case of the honorific Lady is a little complicated. If the person happens to be the wife of a knight, the honorific is added at the end of the name. 11 Greogory, Augusta, Lady

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of In case she is the daughter of an earl, it is added before her forename. Non-Print Media Stanhope, Lady Hester

6) If the territorial designation (place) is an integral part of the title, include it.

Russell of Liverpool, Edward Frederick Langley Russell, Baron. (territorial designation + full name in direct order + term). Other Western Names 1) Names containing a surname are entered under that surname Danish : Hans Christian Andersen to Andersen, Hans Christian French : Albert Camus to Camus, Albert German : Sarah Bernhardt to Berhardt, Sarah Polish : Jan Henry Kowalski to Kowalski, Jan Henryk Portuguese : Joaquim Pedro Ferreira to Ferreira, Joaquim Pedro 2) Compound surnames, hyphenated or not, are entered under the first element of the compound surname. Czech : Jankovic Mirijevski, Teodor Danish : Friis Moller, Kai Dutch : Huber Noodt, Ulrich French : Martin-Mery, Gilberte German : Meyer-Lubke, Wilhelm Hungarian : Konkoly-Thege Sandor (no comma) Italian : Rosmini-Serbati, Antonio Polish : Jodko-Nakiewicz, Witold Russian : Rimski-Koraskov, Andrej Nikolaevic Yugoslav : Petrovic-Njegos, Petar 3) If a place name is hyphenated in a person's surname, it is treated as a compound name-and entered under the first element of the compound name. Heinrich Muller-Breslau to Muller-Breslau, Heinrich

4) Surnames including an article or preposition or combination of the,two are entered according to following practices. Afrikans (Dutch of South Africa): under the prefix Van der Post, Christiaan Willem Hendrik Czech and Slovac: under the part -following the prefix Zerotina, Karel Z Dutch: under the part following the prefix unless the prefix is ver Aa, Pieter van der Drioessche, Albert van Ver Boven, Daisy French: under the prefix consisting of an article or of a contraction (du,des) Le Rouge, Gustac La Bruyere, Rene Du Bellay, Joachim Des Granges,Charles-Marc Otherwise under the part following the preposition (d', de) Aubigne Theodore Agrippa d' Musset, Alfred de La Fontaine, Jean de German: same as in French (under an article, but not under a preposition) Am Rhyn, August Zur Linde, Otto 12 Goethe, Johnn Wolfgang von

Personal Authors Italian: under the prefix (Western and Indic Names) A Prato, Giovanni D'Arienzo, Nicola

Protuguese: under the, part following the prefix Fonseca, Martinho Augusto da Rego, Jose Lins do Scandinavian languages (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish): under part of the name following the prefix Halistrom, Gunnar Johannes af Linne, Carl von (of German origin) under the prefix, if the prefix is the Dutch de or of another origin De Geer, Gerard (Dutch de) La Cour, Jens Lassen (of French origin) Spanish: if the prefix consists of an article only, enter under that prefix Las Heras, Manual Antonio otherwise enter under the part following the prefix Figueroa, Francisco de Casas, Bartolome de las 5) Married women: If the surname of a married woman consists of surname before marriage and husband's surname, enter under the first element of the compound surname if the person's language is Czech, French, Hungarian, Italian or Spanish. In all other cases enter under husband's surname. If a married woman is identified only by her husband's name then the term of address is added Ward, Mrs. Humphry. 6) Names with titles of nobility, honour and address are entered as they are in English. Abrantes, Laure Junot, dechess d (French) Bismarck, Otto, Furst von (German) Cavour, Camillo Benso, conte di (Italian) Lopez de Mendoza, Marques de (Spanish) 7) Royalty (all Western names): Add a phrase consisting of the title and the name of the state or people governed by the name of a monarch. John, King of England (state) Clovis, King of the Franks (people) If the name of a ruler has a roman numeral associated with it, add the numeral after the appropriate name. Alfonso XIII, King of Spain Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom Gustaf III, King of Sweden Victor Emmanuel II, King of Italy If the name includes the name of a dyansty or a surname, enter the whole name in direct order. John II Comnenus, Emperor of the East Louis Bonaparte, King of Holland 8) Popes: Add to a name identifying a pope, the designation Pope. Pius XII, Pope John, XXIII, Pope 9) Bishops: Add 'the official title to a given name. Joannes, Bishop of Ephesus John, Abbot of Ford 10) Identical Names: When there are two or more identical names add a person's dates (birth, death) as the element of a heading. Smith, John, 1924- 13 Smith, John, 1837-1896

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of If dates are not available, add a term of address (title) to distinguish between the Non-Print Media persons. Brown, George, Captain Brown, George, Rev Saur, Karl-Otto Saur, Karl-Otto, Jr. Self Check Exercises 3) Give a list of six prefixes as found in western names, underlining that part under which names are entered. 4) State the rules for Western names of Royalty, Popes and Bishops. Give an example for each. Note: 1) Write your answers in the spare given below. 2) Check your answers with the answers given at the end of this Unit. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… Indic Names Some of the practices of forming Indic Names have already been discussed in Sub- Section 10.2.4 and 10.4.1. In this Section, a more detailed account of Indic names is given. First and foremost, these names must of necessity be categorised into two groups of early names (before the middle of the nineteenth century) and modern names (from the mid-nineteenth century). Early Indic Names The rule in this connection prescribes to enter an Indic name borne by a person under the first word of the personal name, ignoring honorifics and religious terms of address that may precede it (Sri,Shri,Swami, Acharya, Muni, Bhikku, etc.) Kalidasa Panini Amara Simha The next rule under Early Names directs the cataloguer to enter an ancient or medieval Sanskrit author under the Sanskrit form of the name and refer from any significantly different form. Aryabhata x Arya Bhata Asvaghosa Bhattoji Diksita A title is included as an integral part of the name, if it appears with the name in reference sources. Narain Swami Sankaracarya Sriharsa Sridharasvaini Enter the name of a Buddhist author of a Pali text under the Pali form of the name. Refer from a significantly different form. Dhammakitti x Dharmakirti 14 The rendering of early Indic names is thus governed by these four basic rules.

Personal Authors Self Check Exercise (Western and Indic Names) 5) State the fear rules relating to rendering of early Indic names with an example. Note: 1) Write your answer in the space given below. 2) Check your answer with the answers given at the end of this Unit. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… Modern Indic Names It is more convenient to treat modern Indic names language wise. Assamese, Bengali, Gujrati, Sindhi names consist of forename (s) and surname. Assamese, Bengali and Oriya forenames have the appearance of compound names. Gujrati, Marathi and Sindhi names consist of a given name, father's name and surname. The names in all these six languages are entered under the surname of an author. Assamese : Birinchi Kumar Barua to Barua, Birinchi Kumar Bengali : Romesh Chunder Dutt to Dutt, Romesh Chunder Oriya : Bhanja Kishore patnaik to patnaik, Bhanja Kishore and Gujrati : Govindbhai Sukhabhai patel to Patel, Govindbhai Sukhabhai Marathi : Gopal Krishna Gokhale to Gokhale, Gopal Kirshna Sindhi : Jethanand Bhagwandas Lalwani to Lalwani, Jerthanad Bhagwandas Kashmiri Hindu names consist of forename and surname and are entered under the surname of an author. Jayalal Kaul to Kaul, Jayalal Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu names are entered under the given name (forename like Ramachandran). Given names in these languages are usually preceded by a place name and occasionally by the father's given name and may be followed by a caste name. 1) Place name and given name: transposed (for Telugu names it is better to refer it as surname(house name) and given name: transposed) Vavilala Gopala Krishnaiah to Gopala Krishnaiah, Vavilala 2) Place name, father's name and given name: transposed Shiyali Ramamrita Ranganathan to Ranganathan, Shiyali Ramamrita. 3) Place name, given name and caste name: under the given name followed by the caste name. Chettur Sankaran Nair to Sankaran Nair, C. 4) Place name, father's name, given name and caste name: under the given name followed by the caste name Chetpet Pattabhirama Ramaswamy Ayyar, C.P. Usually place names and father's name are initialed Ranganathan, S.R. Punjab/Sikh names: Enter a Punjabi or Sikh name under the first or given name. Trilok Singh Khushwant Singh Occasionally these names contain a surname or name that appears, and is used, as a surname. In all such cases, enter it under that name e.g., Bedi, Rajinder Singh 15 Bhullar, Surjit Singh

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of In North India, names occasionally consist of only given names, like. Non-Print Media Bhuvan Prakash

Girja Kumar

Krishan Kumar These are entered in direct order. Many Hindi personal names, however, contain a surname or proper name that is used as such. All such names are entered under the surname. Agarwal, Chandra Prakash Chaturvedi, Girja Kumar Nahata, Agar Chand. Religious Names Enter a modem person of religious vocation (Hindu, Buddhist or Jain) under the religious name and add the religious title. Chinmayananda, Swami Ramana, Maharshi Punyavijaya, Muni Sangharakshita, Bhikshu The basic distinction is between Indo-European and Dravidain systems. In the former, the surname comes last and listed as the first element in listing. In the Dravidian system, the order is given name and the rest reduced to initials. But, as in Punjabi system, there is a slight free variation with regard to Telugu names. Rao C. Rama or Rama Rao. C. Reddy G. Ram or Ram Reddy, G. It depends on how the person himself writes it. This has to be kept in view while formulating the cataloguing rules. Self Check Exercise 6) State the rule for entering modern Indic names of religious vocation. Give examples: Note: 1) Write your answer in the space given below. 2) Check your answer with the answers given at the end of this Unit. ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… 10.4.2 CCC As in the earlier case (Choice of Entry), there are no articulated rules in Classified Catalogue Code for rendering a heading. But tables have been provided in this Cole (CCC) in parts H and J, for different categories of names to give the directions to a cataloguer. One, however, finds a detailed analysis of name patterns both Western and Indic for a cataloguer's guidance in this part. CCC also discusses compound surnames in Indic languages not discussed in AACR-2. These compound surnames are either hyphenated or left split into two. All such compound surnames are entered under the first part of the compound. Bengali: DAS GUPTA (Samaresh). Kannada: MOKASHI-PUNEKAR (Shankar R). 10.4.3 Other Indic Names: Muslim Names The structure of Muslim names varies and usage is very fluid. Muslim names variously consist of simple personal names; compounds connected by-ud,-ur,-us-uz and -al; and both occasionally with caste names and honorific. The order of elements 16 also varies. In the following cases, the last part of the name is the entry element. CHAUDHRI (AnwaruI Haque).

Personal Authors KHAN (Abdur Rahim). (Western and Indic Names) MUSTAFA, (A T M). Compound names joined by a hyphen are entered under the first part. SHAMUS-UD-DUHA. (A H Motel). Names composed of two given names are entered under the first name. MUHAMMAD HUSAIN Self Check Exercise 7) Give examples of rendering of Indic Muslim names according to CCC. Note: i) Write your answer in the space given below. ii) Check your answer with the answers given at the end of this Unit. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. ……………………………………………………...…………………………. Christian Names from Goa Christian names in Goa are Portuguese in origin. However, unlike in Portuguese, the surnames with a prefix are entered under the prefix. D' CUNHA, (Stany). DE SOUZA (Robert). 10.5 SUMMARY Creating systematic records for providing access to bibliographic; items is one of the principal tasks of librarianship. Author catalogues are bibliographic tools most commonly used for this purpose. This explains the indispensability of an author catalogue in libraries. The more systematically it is prepared, the more efficient in operation will it be. Such a catalogue will be ll the more effective in meeting user needs. A cataloguer must, therefore, ensure consistency in choosing and rendering the heading at both cataloguing and search of items. He can do this only when he develops acquaintance with how names are formed and used as reference keys. The formation of names varies with the community, and, as such, it is necessary for a cataloguer to know the various customary usages prevalent in different world communities. An Indian cataloguer has a special concern for the Western and Indic names discussed in detail in this Unit. 10.6 ANSWERS TO. SELF CHECK EXERCISES 1) The term `Author' has a broader meaning in the context of cataloguing than its meaning in general. `Author' includes persons who are responsible for the intellectual contents of the work such as authors, composers, cataloguers, painters, engravers and also others who bring out the original in a different version such as editors, commentators, compilers and translators: 2) a) Bill Branett; b) Sergei Mikhailovich Prakudin-Gorsku; c) Sir Joshua Reynolds; d)Elliot E. Schwartz; e) G.B. Samartini; f) Joseph Whiting Stock; g) Charles O. Paulin. 3) a) Van Der Post, Christian William Hendrik b) Le Rouge, Gustav 17 c) Des Granges, Charles-Mare

Choice and Rendering of Heading and Cataloguing of d) La Fontaine, Jean de Non-Print Media e) Zur Linde, Otto f) Las Hans, Manual Antonio. 4) i) Royalty: Add a phrase consisting of the title and the name of the state or people governed, to the name of the monarch. Eg John, King of England Clovis, King of the Franks ii) Popes: Add the designation pope to a name identifying a pope. Eg. Pius XII, Pope iii) Bishop: Add the official title to a given name. Eg. Joannes, Bishop of Ephesus 5) 1) Enter an Indic name under the first word of the personal name, ignoring honorifics and religious terms of address that may precede it such as Sri, Swami, Acharya, Muni, Bhikshu. Eg. Rama Theertha (name: Swamy Rama Teertha) 2) Enter an ancient or medieval Sanskrit author under the Sanskrit form of the name. Eg. Asvagosha 3) A title is included as an integral part of the name, if it appears with the name in reference sources. Eg. Sundharasvami. 4) Enter the name of a Buddhist author, of a Pali text, under the Pali form of the name. Eg. Dhammakitti 6) Enter the modern Indic names of religious vocation under the religious names and add the reigious title. Eg. Ramana Maharishi Punyavijaya, Muni Sangharaskshita; Bhikshu 7) CHAUDHRI (Anwarul Haque) MUSTAFA (ATM). SHAM-UD-DOHA (A'H M). MUHAMMAD HUSSAIN. 10.7 KEY WORDS Ad Verbum: Exact in wording. according to the original. Diacritical Marks: A mark, point or sign, added or attached to a letter or character to distinguish it from another similar form, to give it a particular phonetic value. Ecclesiastical: Pertaining to the Church or Clergy. Forename: A name that precedes the family names or class name or surname - a Christian or personal name. It is a name or part of a name, which designates a person or individual and distinguishes him from other, bearing the same family name, surname or class name. Also called given name, personal name. Literary Warrant: The volume of books which have been written on any topic. 18 The quantity of expressed or embodied knowledge in any given field, wanting to be organized.

Personal Authors Surname: A family name which a person uses in conjunction with his (Western and Indic Names) personal name. He bears it in common with other members of a group who are related to him. It is used, often without his personal names, and sometimes in conjunction with a title or address, when referring to him outside the circle of his personal acquaintance. It is the name used as a heading for entries in a catalogue or bibliography. 10.8 REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (1988). 2nd rev. ed. Chicago: American Library Association. pp 381-424 (only Western and Indic names). International Federation of Library Association (1967). Names of Persons: National Usages for Entry in Catalogues. Ed. by A.H. Chaplin. Sevenoaks (Kent): IFLA. P. ix, 57 p. (only Western and Indic names). Ranganathan, S.R. (1992). Classified Catalogue Code with Additional Rules for Dictionary Catalogue. 5th ed.j Bangalore: Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science. Tait, James A. (1969). Authors and Titles. London: Clive Bingley. pp. 7-20.