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Science, Society and Biosafety of a Field Trial with Transgenic Biofuel Science, society and biosafety of a field trial with transgenic biofuel poplars Rebecca van Acker, Véronique Stome, Geert Goeminne, Bart Ivens, René Custers, Dirk Aerts, Wim Soetaert, John Ralph, Nicholas Santoro, Jean-Charles Leplé, et al. To cite this version: Rebecca van Acker, Véronique Stome, Geert Goeminne, Bart Ivens, René Custers, et al.. Science, society and biosafety of a field trial with transgenic biofuel poplars. IUFRO Tree Biotechnology Conference 2011: From Genomes to Integration and Delivery, International Union of Forest Research Organisations (IUFRO). AUT., Jun 2011, Bahia, Brazil. 199 p. hal-02748725 HAL Id: hal-02748725 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02748725 Submitted on 3 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. BMC Proceedings 2011, Volume 5 Suppl 7 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5?issue=S7 MEETING ABSTRACTS Open Access IUFRO Tree Biotechnology Conference 2011: From Genomes to Integration and Delivery Arraial d’Ajuda, Bahia, Brazil. 26 June - 2 July 2011 Edited by Dario Grattapaglia Published: 13 September 2011 These abstracts are available online at http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5?issue=S7 laboratories from tens of Universities, research institutions and private INTRODUCTION companies. During the seven days of the Conference 26 invited lectures, 63 oral and 185 A1 poster presentations were delivered, totaling 274 papers made available as IUFRO Tree Biotechnology 2011: “From genomes to integration and extended abstracts into this BMC Proceedings supplement. The special delivery” workshop on the hot topic of “Genomic Selection in tree breeding” and the Dario Grattapaglia1,2 several reports on whole-genome studies, made this conference edition 1EMBRAPA Genetic Resources and Biotechnology – Estação Parque inaugurate a deliberate effort towards a better integration between the Biológico, 70770-910, Brasilia, DF, Brazil; 2Graduate Program in Genomics and quantitative genomics, the “single-gene” and the system biology approaches Biotechnology - Universidade Catolica de Brasilia - SGAN 916 Modulo B, to more efficiently unravel the complex relationships between genotypes 70790-160 Brasilia, Brazil and phenotypes in forest trees. A field trip to the forest plantations, nurseries BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):A1 and mill of VERACEL Cellulose was a definite highlight and a welcome break from the scientific sessions, providing an overview of some of the advances Forest trees have unquestionably entered the genomic era. The updated and challenges facing the translation of research into plantation forestry. version of the Populus genome, the recently released Eucalyptus grandis In closing this introductory statement, acknowledgements are due to the genome and the concerted efforts towards the generation of genome outstanding financial support provided by the competitive grants of the sequences for spruces (Picea sp.) and pines (Pinus sp.) by several groups Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology through the National Research worldwide, are fueling a multitude of inter-disciplinary studies and Council (CNPq) and the Ministry of Education through its agency for applications in sustainable forest production and conservation. Time now graduate studies (CAPES). Major support was also provided by EMBRAPA calls for the integration of scientific fields with an increased sense of (Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research), and VERACEL Cellulose, the urgency for delivery of effective biotechnologies. host organizations, together with an exceptional suite of private sponsors. The IUFRO (International Union of Forestry Research Organizations) Tree Besides the organizations that backed this conference and an active Biotechnology biannual conference has established a solid tradition for Scientific Committee involved in abstract review a number of people were over 20 years as the official meeting of the IUFRO working group 2.04.06 – involved in the organization and logistics. The conference would not have Molecular biology of forest trees. This conference has convened scientists been possible without the valuable contributions of all these players. and foresters interested in the genetics, genomics, molecular biology and Given the rewarding feedback received after the Conference, the original physiology of forest trees, and the application of this knowledge to tree goal of providing an exceptional mix of science, social activities and field improvement and conservation. The Tree Biotechnology Conference has explorationinarelaxedatmosphere was truly accomplished. The IUFRO undoubtedly been the premiere international forum where the most Tree Biotechnology Conference 2011 made a significant contribution to cuttingedgeresearchintreebiotechnologydevelopedbothinacademia advance the forest biotechnology research community one step ahead and industry is presented. “From genomes to integration and delivery”, on the challenging task of moving from gene and genome discoveries to this was the theme chosen for the 2011 edition of the IUFRO Tree the delivery of valuable technologies into sustainable forestry. Biotechnology Conference, first time to be held in South America. Our intention was to promote a more integrated and applied dialogue on tree biotechnology and genomics, beyond the mainstream discussion of the fundamental advances on the genetic mechanisms that underlie tree S1. POPULATION GENOMICS, phenotypes. CONSERVATION AND ADAPTATION In nine scientific sessions some of the current advances of genomics applied to forest conservation, tree physiology, stress response, molecular I1 breeding, in vitro and propagation technologies, wood development and Missing heritability and missing Fst of candidate genes: why does gene genetically modified (GM) trees were highlighted. With 340 registered variation differ from trait variation in trees? participants, the Conference brought to Brazil most of the world’sbrain Antoine Kremer power in forest tree genomics and biotechnology. An outstanding team INRA, 69 Route d’Arcachon, Cestas 33610, France of international scientists shared their results and visions on the present E-mail: [email protected] and future of this fast moving area of forest science, while a brilliant BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):I1 group of young scientist and students delivered a very energetic and diverse collection of high-quality scientific presentations. Forty two Molecular footprints of phenotypic variation are usually explored by two countries were represented at the Conference with almost 100 different different approaches in trees. On the one hand, association genetics is © 2011 various authors, licensee BioMed Central Ltd. All articles published in this supplement are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. BMC Proceedings 2011, Volume 5 Suppl 7 Page 2 of 199 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1753-6561/5?issue=S7 seeking for statistical correlation between SNPs and traits owing to the in the case of association studies, while covariation of gene effects (at the significant heritability that is usually observed in progeny tests. On the between population level) explain the missing Fst of genes underlying other hand, detection of outlier Fst values of single SNPs has also been adaptive traits. These conclusions are supported by experimental results, implemented to account for the very large differentiation of traits that theoretical background and simulation predictions. are observed in provenance tests. The rationale of both approaches is based on the extensive within or between population genetic variability that has been widely recorded in fields tests. While the cataloguing of I2 candidate genes has steadily increased in trees, so has the inventory of Population and conservation genomics of forest trees: seeing the forest their diversity in natural or breeding populations. There is now a rapidly for the trees growing body of experimental results showing a very large discrepancy Andrew Eckert between the expectations of both approaches and the SNP variation that Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California at Davis, Davis, is monitored in candidate genes. Most association studies show that CA, 95616, USA single SNPs explain usually less than 5% of the phenotypic variation of E-mail: [email protected] the trait, while Fst values are at best of the same value than neutral BMC Proceedings 2011, 5(Suppl 7):I2 markers. In my presentation I will explore the reasons of the decoupling between trait and gene variation, by focusing on the multilocus structure Background: Forest trees exhibit striking adaptations to the of traits, as compared to the monolocus SNP information. Indeed, environments in which they grow. A long history of quantitative genetic association studies and Fst outlier detection are essentially based on experimentation has established the genetic
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