21-24 October,2015 | Zhanjiang, Guangdong, Scientific cultivation and green development to enhance the sustainability of eucalypt plantations

Abstracts IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

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PART Ⅰ Oral Presentations Current Situation and Development of Research in China 1 Management of Forest Plantations under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in a Perspective of Climate Change 2 Eucalypts, Carbon Mitigation and Water 3 Effects of Forest Policy on Plantation Development 4 Nutrient Management of Eucalypt Plantations in Southern China 5 Quality Planning for Silviculture Operations Involving Eucalyptus Culture in 6 Eucahydro: Predicting Eucalyptus Genotypes Performance under Contrasting Water Availability Conditions Using Ecophysiological and Genomic Tools 7 Transpiration, Canopy Characteristics and Wood Growth Influenced by Spacing in Three Highly Productive Eucalyptus Clones 8 Challenges to Site Management During Large-scale Transition from Acacia mangium to Eucalyptus pellita in Short Rotation Forestry on Mineral Soils in Sumatra, 9 Operational Issues in Growing Eucalyptus in South East : Lessons in Cooperation 10 Nutrition Studies on Eucalyptus pellita in the Wet Tropics 11 Sustainable Agroforestry Model for Eucalypts Grown as Pulp Wood Tree on Farm Lands in –An ITC Initiative 12 Adaptability and Performance of Industrial Eucalypt Provenances at Different Ecological Zones of Iran 13 Nutrient Management of Eucalyptus pellita Plantations after Two Rotations of Acacia mangium in South Sumatra 14 Study of Eucalypt-Sarcandra glabra Intercropping and Analysis of Its Economic Benefits 15 Growth Promoting Traits of Actinomycetes from Eucalyptus Roots and Rhizospheric Soil 16 Conventional Breeding and Genetic Transformation for Eucalyptus Improvement 17 Forest Tree Improvement for Eucalyptus pellita in Indonesia: Application of Breeding Strategy with Seedling Seed Orchard 18 Genetic Improvement of Eucalyptus Hybrid (Mysore gum) through Selection and Cloning: Field Performance of Cuttings vs. Seedlings 19 Genetic Variation of Log-End Splitting and Growth Traits of in a Second Generation Progeny Trial at Erabedda, 20 Interfacing Classical and Molecular Breeding in Red Gums in India: Observed and Expected Gains 21

Forest Tree Improvement: the Shift from quantitative Genetics to Quantitative Genomics 22 Genotype × Environment interaction of Eucalyptus globulus in Has Similar Patterns at the Provenance and Additive levels 23 Breeding E. globulus for Drought Hardiness in the Bío-Bío Region of Chile 24 Breeding Temperate Versus Sub-tropical Eucalypts – a South African Experience 25 Towards Genomic Dissection of Economic and Adaptive Traits in Eucalyptus 26 Changes in the Genetic Control of Eucalypt Physiology Induced by Water Stress 27 Modeling Additive and Non-additive Effects in a Eucalyptus Hybrid Population Using Genome-wide Genotyping – Implications for Multi-trait Genomic Selection 28 Genetic Improvement of Eucalyptus pellita: Integrating Growth and Wood Quality 29

Future Prospects for Eucalyptus Plantations and the Role of Genetic Improvement 30 Genetic Analysis of Adaptive and Growth Characteristics for Short-rotation Eucalypt Clones at Hillsides of West-Central Guangdong, South China 31 Applying Marker-assisted Selection in Eucalypts 32 The Journey to Successful Commercial Propagation and Deployment of Eucalyptus dunnii Cuttings 33 Optimization of Nuclear Isolation Buffers for Plant DNA Flow Cytometry of Eucalyptus 34 The Innovation of Developing and Technologies in Chinese Eucalyptus Veneer’s Industry 35 Fast Growing Eucalypt Trees – the Applicable Solution for Sustainable Development of China’s Pulping Industry 36 Using Established Principles and Simple Models to Quantify Water Use by Plantations of Eucalyptus in SE Asia and China 37 Bird and Plant Diversity of Stora Enso’s Eucalyptus Plantations of Southern Guangxi, China 38 Preliminary Study of the Runoff and Runoff Processes of Two Kinds of Forest Watersheds 39 Eucalyptus Trees for Biological Drainage as a Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy 40 One Step Forward, Two Steps Back: Managing Eucalypt Pests for Sustainable Forestry 41 Abiotic and Biotic Stressors Constraining Productivity of Eucalypt Plantations in the Asia-Pacific Region 42 Eucalyptus Plantation Disease Research in China: Past, Present and Future 43 Three Genetic Groups Amongst African Isolates of the Eucalyptus Stem Canker Pathogen Teratosphaeria zuluensis 44 Ecological Effects of Endemic Pests on Eucalyptus Plantations in China 45 Global Patterns of Spread of Invasive on Eucalypts 46 Developing a Plantation Eucalypt Saw Log Timber Resource for Southern China 47 Current Research and Utilization of Essential Oil and Polyphenols from Eucalyptus Leaves 48 Assessment of Plantation-Grown Eucalyptus pellita in Borneo, for Solid Wood Utilisation 49 Eucalyptus camaldulensis — a Priority of Private Planters in Bangladesh 50

Expression Analysis and Development of Co-expression Networks of PEG Induced Water stress Responsive Genes in Eucalyptus grandis 51 Co-operative Improvement of Key Eucalypt Species in China 52 Hybrid Eucalyptus Development by Stora Enso for Pulp Production in Guangxi China 53 Carbon Biosequestration Potential of Eucalypts Afforestation in Arid Areas in 54 Introducing Eucalyptus as Livelihood Option for Forest Dependent Tribal Communities of Odisha, India 55 Determining levels of natural contamination of Eucalyptus urophylla in an E. grandis population in South using microsatellite DNA markers 56 PART Ⅱ Posters Carbon Biosequestration Potential of Eucalypts Afforestation in Arid Areas in Western Australia 58 The Impacts of Three Volatile Chemicals from Eucalyptus grandis on Eisenia fetida 59 A Decade of Acacia Polyploid Breeding in 60 Adaptability and Performance of Different Industrial Eucalypt Species and Provenances at Fars Province of Iran 61 Adaptability and Performance of Industrial Eucalypt Species and Provenances at Tehran Province 62 Demonstrating and Experimental Trials of Short-rotation Eucalypts in Aeoral, Cambodia: Some Early Results 63 Development and Deployment of InterspecificCorymbia Hybrids: A Novel Resource with Improved Pulp Yield and Resilience to Leaf Gall Disease in India 64 Effects of Inbreeding on Growth and Wood Properties of Eucalyptus Tree Improvement at OJI Lao Plantation Forest Co., Ltd. 65 Genome Wide Eucalyptus Gene Co-expression Network for Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Eucalyptus tereticornis 66 Hybrid Breeding for Screening Ideotypes in Red Gums: Implication on Improved Industrial Forestry Characteristics and Salinity Tolerance 67 Natural Hybrids between Eucalyptus urophylla and E. alba: Early Selection and Clonal Testing in Vietnam 68 Optimising the Performance of Eucalyptus pellita in the Wet Tropics of Borneo 69 SIMEGE: An Integrated Database and Genetic Analysis System Support to CMPC Breeding Program in Chile and Brazil 70 Trend of Heritabilities and Realized Genetic Gains in the Second Generation Seedling Seed Orchards of Eucalyptus pellita in Indonesia 71 Use of DNA Fingerprinting Technology to Understand the Outcrossing Rates in Eucalyptus dunnii Seed Orchards 72 Variation among Provenances and Families on Provenance-progeny Test of Eucalyptus urophylla in South Kalimantan, Indonesia 73 Studies on Adaptability of Ten Eucalypt Clones under Different Sites in Southern China 74 Locally developed seed sources of Eucalyptus camaldulensis outperform best natural provenances and commercial clones in dry southern Indian environments. 75 Variation in Growth and Morphological Characteristics of Eucalyptus pellita Progeny Trial in 76 Application of PGPB Fertilizer in Green Development to Enhance the Sustainability of Eucalypt Plantations 77 Decline in Soil Net Nitrogen Mineralization under Eucalyptus pellita after Acacia mangium in South Sumatra, Indonesia 78 Feasibility Study on Planting Eucalyptus Trees with the Proper Strips in the Cassava Cultivation 79 Growth of Three Forest Species under Soil Water and Compaction Stresses 80 Planting Domains for E. pellita and E. urograndis 81 Quality Planning for Silviculture Operations Involving Eucalyptus Culture in Brazil 82 Test for Fast-growing Tree Species Selection and Planting Techniques Development in Cambodia 83 The Compound Colony of Eucalyptus and Sarcandra Glabra’s Influence on Soil and in the Colony 84 Response of Eucalyptus Hybrid to Nitrogen Application on ex-Acacia mangium Sites in the Humid Tropical Riau Indonesia 85 Improving Micropropagation and Transplant Survival of Eucalyptus urophylla X E. Grandis (Uxg) Hybrid Via Tissue Culture 86 Carbon nutrition in rooting process of nodal cuttings of Eucalyptus hybrid as affected by Auxin 87 A New of Cryphonectriaceae Causes Stem Disease on Native Rhodomyrtus tomentosa () in South China and Possibly Threatens Eucalyptus Propagation 88 A Note on Some Pests of Eucalyptus in Sabah, Malaysia 89 Comparative Transcriptomics of Buzura suppressaria Assembled de novo Yields Insights into Response after Infection of Buzura suppressaria Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus 90 Diseases of Eucalyptus Species in Zimbabwe 91 Field Establishment of Selitrichodes neseri (Eulophidae), a Biological Control Agent of (Eulophidae) 92 Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea from Diseased Eucalyptus Seedlings in South China 93 Host Preference of the Invasive Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: ) in 94 Identification and Distribution of Botryosphaeriaceae from Eucalyptus Plantations in China 95 Identification ofCalonectria Species Causing Disease of Eucalyptus Clones in Ghana 96 Identification of TwoRalstonia Species Associated with Bacterial Wilt of Eucalyptus 97 Pheromone Release Rates and Ratio’s from an Artificial Pheromoned Ispenser for the Eucalyptus-infesting Cossid , Coryphodema tristis 98 Population Genetic Analysis Reveals a Complex Global Invasion History for the Eucalyptus Gall Wasp, Leptocybe invasa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 99 Species of Calonectria Infecting Eucalyptus in China: High Genetic Diversity and Increasing Importance 100 Wood Productivity and Light Use Efficiency Affected by Rust (Puccinia psidii) in Eucalyptus urophylla Clone 101 Effect and Mechanism of Supplementation with EPE on Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Antioxidant Ability in Finishing Pigs 102 PART Ⅰ Oral Presentations Oral Presentation companies thatprovide livelihoodsforhundredsofthousandspeople. importance to China’s economywith the complete chain involvingtens of thousands of points ofChina’schain. industrial eucalypt As aresultofthis,thisindustryisnowmajor Research anddevelopment has greatly facilitated expansion andproliferation at all and sustainability;6.Eucalyptwoodprocessing andby-producttechnologies. ecology plantation eucalypt health; 5.Enhancing ofplantation 4. Maintenance silviculture; Advanced propagationtechniques;2.Germplasm resourcesandbreeding;3. Targeted this report, recent progress in such eucalypt R&D is reviewed under six key topics: 1. country’s the of depth In whole the chain. through industrial eucalypt development Chinese research and development hasbeen instrumental in supporting growth and China wasaround300billionRMB(US$49billion). wood forest products. In 2013, the combinedoutput valueof these eucalypt industries in based panels as wellas bioenergy production andvarious forest by-products andnon- lumber,for productsincluding and transport, wood processing pulpandpaper, andwood- seedling propagation, fertilizer productionandsupply, plantationsilviculture,harvesting China’s eucalyptindustrynowcomprisesacomplex,multi-facetedindustrialchainincluding maidenii, pure speciesorhybridparents, are Eucalyptus urophylla planted varietiesinChinaarehybridswithover50%ofthetotalareabeing account foraround75%ofthecountry’s totaleucalyptplantation area. The mostcommonly m aslormore.However,of GuangxiandGuangdong thetwosoutherncoastalprovinces ranging in latitudefrom18 ranging Eucalypts arenowgrowninover600countiesof11 provincesofsouthernChina,onsites and Brazil. area, afterIndia exceed 4.4Mha,andthecountryranksthirdfortotaleucalyptplantation together tofosterrapidexpansionofthisresource. Today China’s eucalyptplantations increasing demands for forest products and favorable government policies have worked Since then, geneticgainsfromtreeimprovement, advancesinsilviculture, buoyantand by 1986China’sand in the1980s, 0.46 Mha. around totaled resource plantation eucalypt Large-scale expansion of eucalypt plantations through southern Chinastarted inearnest Guangdong. plantation programsbegan, the first of whichwerehereinZhanjiang insouth-western eucalypt large-scale that 1950s the until not was it 1935, about in established were and amenity plantings. in ornamental Though the country’s first formal eucalyptplantations Eucalyptus Current SituationandDevelopmentof E. dunnii species were first introduced to China sometime in the 1890s, initially for use in the1890s,initially sometime to China first introduced were species 30 MidRenmin Avenue, Zhanjiang,Guangdong524022,P.R. China and x E.smithii. grandis 0 to32 ChinaEucalyptResearchCentre clones. Also of majorimportance hereinChina, aseither E-mail: [email protected] 0 N, longitude 100 N,longitude E. camaldulensis, E. tereticornis, E. globulus, E. Yaojian Xie China 1 0 to122 Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 0 Eandaltitudesofupto2000 Researchin

Oral Presentation native vegetationresources. in ordertominimizethewaterconstraint forestplantationsandsurroundingwater and strategies that can be used in different tropical and subtropical regions of the world biotic stresses in a perspective of climate change. Will be shown examples of principles and abiotic under management of forest plantation is addressedtothebasicrequirements root systemsshowasmallresponseordonotrespondatallto dry soils. This presentation fine lateralrootsinthesurfacesoilhorizons,butnotadeepandstrongtaproot, the Species or hybrids exhibiting low drought tolerance produce a large numberof medium and water deficitinthesoilinvolveatradeoff to theplantintermsofreducedgrowthpotential. general, mechanisms andprocesses that enableaplant to cope with periodic, severe, In adaptation. foreucalypt fundamental been have hybrids interspecific and species with single plantations 20%. Clonal by approximately flowwasalsoreduced rainy season maximum the and growth plantation during variation yield the reduced vegetation native that in the short-rotation eucalypt plantation plus native forest scenario, the presence of but moresevereto localwater users. Simulations madebysomeresearchersshowed areas, to morehumid terms, ascompared in absolute that islower catchment streamflow to areaswithlowerwateravailability. The afforestation ofsuchareasleadstoadecreasein for greaterwaterefficiencyin Brazil of plantations bytheexpansion hasbeencompounded and biodiversity.water yield over waterusebycropsandthesearch concern The growing

such asstormsandfires,undertaking to practices that both incremental climatechangeandextremeevents reduce vulnerability adaptation arethe breedingof newgenetic materials, implementing forest management Among the forest management measures that could take to facilitate climate change temperatures, altered rainfall patterns and more frequent and extreme weather events. recent yearsareputtingstressonmanyforestplantations,owingtohighermeanannual in protection againstsoilerosion,diseases,pests and alienspecies.Climateabnormalities regional and local edaphoclimatic circumstances, water resources management, and be adaptedtothespecificproductionandprotectionobjectives,whichdependon be possible. therefore should techniques of management andimplementation The design In any sustainablymanagedforest plantations, productionandprotectionfunctionsshould Management ofForestPlantationsunder Abiotic andBiotic USP, UniversityofSãoPaulo,ESALQ,ForestScienceDepartament,Piracicaba,SP, Brazil, Stresses inaPerspectiveofClimateChange José LeonardodeMoraesGonçalves in-situ [email protected] 2 and ex-situ IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 conservation measures toprotect conservation

Oral Presentation disbenefits particularlyrelatedtowatersupplies. production andinparticularapproachesusedtomaximiseco-benefitsavoid avoided deforestation, afforestation/reforestation, forestmanagement and bioenergy a commercialscale.Inparticular, itwill consider thecontributiontomitigationthrough using examplesfrom both Australia andthe countries wherethey havebeenplanted on This paper willexamine the contribution of eucalypts to the carbon mitigation agenda, participate inotheremergingenvironmentalmarkets. tradeoffs, related to water, food andbiodiversityresources. Someof these maybeableto owners. Additionally, carbonmitigation might also beassociated with co-benefits or mitigation mayrepresenteitherasignificantsourceofincome,orliability, forforest payments forcarbonmitigationinforests. with resultant Consequently,developed, carbon A rangeof international, national andsub-national approacheshavebeenorare being bioenergy orsubstitutinghighenergybuildingproductswithtimber. forests (forest management) or by substituting fossil fuel use through either the use of carbon stocks through afforestation or reforestation, managing carbon stocks in existing can occurthroughseveralpathwayssuchasreducing rates ofdeforestation,increasing Mitigation action totackleclimatechange. to global emissions andthuscontribute carbon There isconsiderableinternational interest intherolethatforests canplayinmitigating 1 SchoolofVeterinary andLifeSciences,MurdochUniversity, Murdoch,WA, Australia 6150 3 ResearchInstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Guangzhou,China Eucalypts, CarbonMitigationandWater 2 UniversityofWestern Australia, Nedlands,WA, Australia 6907 Richard Harper 1 , JohnRuprecht 3 1 , KeithSmettem IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 , DapingXu 3

Oral Presentation benefit fromtheirendeavours. immediately abolishedtorealizethegovernmentpromisethatthosewhogrowtreesshould be arbitrary feesshould fundandrelated Silvicultural government subsidization. additional to be treated morelike farmers, who are excluded from all taxes and fees and with from allsectors. development in theplantation The country’s forestgrowersareappealing It is imperative that the country’s forest policy be reformed to encourage greater investment expectations arecompetingforthesameforestlands. more fragmentedandhardtomanagesustainably;and,e)varioussectorswithunrealistic practices arenot implemented; d)complicated tenure rightsmakethe forest landeven exception of all butafew forestry companies/growers, sustainable forest management discourage furtherplantationexpansionthroughnon-governmentinvestment;c)withthe silvicultural fund andassociated arbitrary fees leviedbyvariouslevelsof government forest investment are not clearly defined by the country’s current “Forestry Law”; b) the Major barriersforplantationdevelopment in China currentlyinclude: a) subjectsof Forest policy plays a decisive role in the directionof China’s plantationdevelopment. of investmenttogrowmoreforesttreesinChina. all sectors important roleandforestpolicyneedstimelyreformtoencourage increasingly meters/year. To an play plantations demandpressure,domestic alleviatesuchhuge Administration, totalimportsfromallsourcesnowamounttoabout260millioncubic year with thecountry’s economicdevelopment. According to China’s State Forestry China needs wood, a lot of it. The gap between wood demand and supply widens each Effects ofForestPolicyonPlantationDevelopment Founder of“ChinaForestGrowers Association”, China Hanmin Dong,Ph.D. 4 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation been increased from7m been increased the past 30 years, and the average productivity of commercial eucalypt plantations has About 4 million ha of eucalypt plantations have been established in southern China in in southernChinaisveryimportantforimproveproductivityandwoodquality. dry season. areas withlong rainfall plantations of eucalypt nutrient management Adequate as Plargely of eucalyptswasfoundinsomesandysoilsandlow Bdeficiency application. due tosoilpHchange. tree growth,butnotso of NandKalsoincreased The application China, but the increment in the east part was much greater than it in the western part experiments provedthatP applicationincreasedtreegrowthobviouslycrosssouthern nutrient erosion, residue and slash harvest and non balance fertilization. Fertilization by soiland was caused of eucalyptplantations degradation control. Earlyland and weed 1 ResearchInstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Longdong,Guangzhou510520, Nutrient ManagementofEucalyptPlantationsinSouthern 2 MurdochUniversity, WA6150, Australia ([email protected]) 3 /ha/yr to20m P.R.China ([email protected]) Daping Xu 3 /ha/yr due to tree breeding, nutrient management nutrient management /ha/yr duetotreebreeding, China 1 5 , BernardDell

2 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation spp and destruction ofremainingnativeforests.Currently, variousspeciesofthegenera the in areduction to contributed has eucalyptus and aspine such species exotic with The forestry sector is an importantpart of the Brazilian economyand reforestation Key words operational deviationswillanalyzed. of control charts. These features will be evaluated in the field and probable causes of features’ negativeorpositiveeffects, having identifiedthepriorityfeatureswithuse standard areas and a QFD house of quality analysis will be conducted to determine the every quality technical requirement willbeestablished, the competitor analysis based on accordance with the methodology, subsequently, the correlations of each element with with the data obtained from the Suzano Papel eCelulose doBrasil Company. In quality elements and90priority features pertaining to eucalyptussilviculture operations –SP, Limera (Itapetiniga, Brazil). of48 todatehavebeentheidentification results The Company doBrasil Celulose e Papel oftheSuzano outatlocations carried has been collection - QFD.Data deployment function of quality with theuse features technical and silviculture operation’s operational processes, identifying elements inregardto quality silviculture. stands withprecision of eachthe used wasthemapping The methodology eucalyptus production inBrazil, and, indoingso, contribute to the management of forest evaluate thepriorityfeaturesofsilvicultureoperationsinordertoimplementandmonitor may leadtounsatisfactoryresultsinthefield,thisstudy’s objectiveistoidentifyand productivity isrelatedto processes, giventhat the qualityof improper practices operational importance to the successof forestry enterprises. Consideringthat the potential for areoffundamental forestinvestments asallphasesof management, to forestplantation operations are often implemented with little consideration for quality planninginregard quality oftimber. Withtheneedtoexpandsectormeetfuturedemand,silvicultural

Forest ResourcesProgramPosgraduationEscolaSuperiorde Agricultura LuizdeQueirozESALQ – UniversityofSãoPaulo. Av. PáduaDias,11, 13418-900,Piracicaba,SãoPaulo,Brasil.Email: Quality PlanningforSilvicultureOperationsInvolving Pinus : priorityfeatures,forestquality, QualityFunctionDeployment-QFD sppexhibitaveryhighlevelofgeneticimprovement,productivityand Diana Carolina Eucalyptus [email protected], [email protected] VásquezCastro,Marcos CultureinBrazil 6 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Milan Eucalyptus

Oral Presentation impact onwaterresources. water useefficiencywith higher genotypes conflicts forwaterusemayrequire reduced and of genotypes on areaswithhigherriskto drought improving survival,orareaswherelarge combined ecophysiologicalandgenomictoolsmay arise asasolutionforearlyselection expression mayallowforearlyprediction ofone-yearoldgenotypeperformance. Useof gene and measurements gasexchange water potential, Our resultssuggestthatpre-dawn conductance, water use efficiency, predawn water potential and individual plant growth. MPa soilwaterpotentials.Physiologicalassessments included photosynthesis,stomatal genotypes undersemi-controlled environment conditions evaluated at 0, -1.5 and-3.0 early physiological and gene expression under drought nursery experiments of the same of fieldgrowthperformancewith demand. Correlation two contrastingsitesinatmospheric at vs control) (summer irrigated conditions availability water contrasting under established E. nitens early predictionofgenotypeperformance,16selectedcontrasting for management of fast growingspecies. Inordertoevaluatethe potential to estimate basis for development of an integrated genetic x environment x silviculture approach future limited water availability scenarios of climate change, may provide astrong Early selection of Carlos Valencia Eucahydro: Predicting 1 UniversidaddeConcepción,DepartamentoSilvicultura.2ForestProductivityCooperative3 Rafael Rubilar* under ContrastingWater Availability ConditionsUsing x Forestal CelcoS.A.4GenómicaS.A.5BioforestS.A.6Mininco globulus 6 , CristianMontes 1,2 Ecophysiological andGenomicTools , Marco Yanez, Eucalyptus , E. globulus 5 , Veronica Emhart genotypes that mayuseless water, orsurviveunder 1,2 Espinoza , HectorValenzuela x Eucalyptus camaldulensis 1,2 , JoseLuisUlloa 7 6 , SofiaValenzuela 3 , Alex Medina , Alex clonesand Genotypes Performance IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1,6 6 1,4 , OscarMardones , MartaFernandez E. nitens Eucalyptus seedlingwere 6 , Juan

globulus 1,4 , Juan ,

Oral Presentation new plantationhasbeen establishedworldwide. where regions dry the and changes climatic considering mainly stress, water reduce and result reveals a powerful strategy of management to alleviate water use in conflict areas Tighter spacingaccumulated inaverage55%morewoodbiomassthanwiderspacing. This and stem growth. higher cellexpansionanddivision,resulting inmoreCarbonassimilation lower LAI it has a higher transpiration than Urophylla. The higher water use provided a why evenwithamuch explain which partially and Urophylla, than UroGrandis conductance transpiration values. Considering all spacings, GranCam had almost 50%higher canopy wider spacing trees. Urograndis, Grancam and Urophylla, respectively, had the highest transpiration. During the two years, tighter spacing trees transpired 40%more than the with UroGrandisandUrophylla. Thus, the increaseinLAI resulted inanincrease in tighter spacing trees. GranCam presented significant lower LAI in all spacings compared index (LAI) decreased from tighter to wider spacing, resulting inhigher light capture by Stresses). Fourspacingswereused(3.4,7.0,9.7and16.9m²tree x in three transpiration study istodeterminetheeffect ofspacingonleafareaindex,canopyconductanceand productivity sites,ontheimpactofplantdensitywaterrelations. goal ofthe The overall spacing withthemainfocusonbiomass.However,in high there arefewstudies,especially individuals. Many studies in culture onceitdirectly involvesitsproductivityandcompetition for resourcesamong The definition of planting spacing is a strategic decision in establishment of any forest larger study belonged to TECHS network ( density trialplantedatSoutheastofBrazil(22º20´58´´S,46º58’16´´W)whichispart a resulting in 96 trees evaluated (3 clones in 96treesevaluated resulting when trees were1.5 years. Measurements weredoneineight trees pertreatment, through the constant heat method of Granier with homemade probes with 2 cm installed of 24monthssapfluxwasassessed deficit. Evaluation pressure byvapor divided area per unitofleaf was estimatedbasedontranspiration ceptometer andcanopyconductance

1424, 1028and591stemsha 4 DepartmentofForestryandEnvironmentalResources,NorthCarolinaStateUniversity, POBox8008, Influenced bySpacinginThreeHighlyProductive E. camaldulensis 1 Forest ResourcesGraduateProgram,UniversityofSãoPaulo,13400-970Piracicaba,SP, Brazil 5 InternationalPaperdoBrasil,RodoviaSP 340–Km171,MogiGuaçu,SP 13.840-970,Brazil Transpiration, CanopyCharacteristicsandWood Growth 2Department ofForestScience,UniversitySãoPaulo,13400-970Piracicaba,SP, Brazil Rodrigo Hakamada 3 USDA FSRMRS,FortCollins,CO80526,UnitedStates (Grancam) and Eucalyptus 1 , SilvioFerraz Eucalyptus Raleigh, NC27695,UnitedStates -1 ). Leaf areaindexwasestimatedeachthree months by clones ( 2 , RobertHubbard E. urophylla Clones × E. grandis planted forests have been done to define the 4 spacings 8 Eucalyptus ). Our assay is a systematic planting x 3 , JoséLuizStape E. urophylla × 8 trees). As weexpected,leafarea Tolerance of Thermal and Hydric IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 (Urograndis) 4 , CristianeLemos -1 , equivalent to 2949, , equivalent Eucalyptus , E.grandis 5

Oral Presentation Key words sustainability willbediscussed. to threats in response of species the change faced during These andotherissuesbeing the rotationandthishasimplicationstovegetation management. suppresses weed growth. In contrast, Typically, fertilized withP. SofarwehavenotfoundresponsetoN,Caand K. sites wereacaciaslashandlitterretained overtworotationsandprevioustreeswere retained oversuccessiverotations.Other early resultsshowwidespreadresponse to P at P when doubled rates been have growth litter and and slash where plots to added was by 50%if acaciaslashandlitter wereremovedcomparedto slashandlitter retention, first rotation rates ofyoung in thefourthrotation,growth study now sufficientbe soil and sources In a rates ofeucalypts? the necessaryfastgrowth tosupport nutrients especially N. Question is, would the rates of supply of N, P and cations from these common practice duringthe last decaderesultinginaccumulationof organicmatter and the been has retention Slash mills. toexisting supply wood to challenges poses This The current growthrates of of speciesfrom earlier studies, Gradually, tree mortalitybecamesohighthat Ceratocystis During the first and second rotations there were incidences of the firstandsecondrotationstherewereincidences During promoting conservationofsiteorganicmatterandweedcontrolweredeployed. faster than the first rotation, if genetically improved stocks andinter-rotation practices of woodforpulpandpapermaking.Ingeneralsecondrotationstandsgrewaswellor but it’s spread increasedwith time species’from 22to35m ranging rates (in6-7yearrotations) growth in Sumatraandabout1.0millionhanationally. This expansionwasencouragedbythe The species was broadly planted since 1989andby 2004-2005 it occupied 700,000 ha mangium Acacia Challenges toSiteManagementDuringLarge-scaleTransition from Acacia mangium A. mangium Forestry onMineralSoilsinSumatra,Indonesia : changeofspecies,productivity, sitemanagement,sustainability wilt disease, aggravated by the damages caused by monkeys and elephants. and bymonkeys caused by thedamages aggravated disease, wilt Eucalyptus pellita Eko B.Hardiyanto 1 A. mangium Faculty ofForestryGadjahMadaUniversity, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 PT. MusiHutanPersada,MuaraEnim,SouthSumatra,Indonesia plantations have been a major source of wood for pulp mills in Sumatra. in mills for pulp of wood a majorsource been have plantations 2 Forest SystemGroup,CSIROLandWater, Canberra, Australia stands close canopy by age one year or soon after and this E. pellita to E. pellita 1 , E.K..SadanandanNambiar emergedasthenextbestcandidatespecies. The change to . This wasfollowed bythe arrivalandrapidspreadof are lowerthanor at best comparable to Eucalyptus pellita E. pellita began in2006bysomecompanies. 9 A. mangium stands seldom close canopy throughout IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 andMaydra A.Inail wasnolongerviable.Basedon Ganoderma in ShortRotation 3 /ha/yr) and the quality /ha/yr) and E. pellita 3 root rotdisease A. mangium. decreased

Oral Presentation achieved. and professional development resulting from a cooperative approach can best be advantages of howfinancial anexample in eastMalaysia,provide established organisation the bettermentofall. The fiveyear resultsfromtheBorneoForestryCooperative,an by testingspecies,familiesandclonesover arangeofsitesandsharinggermplasmfor overcome the complexities of these issues. Tree Improvement Programs are optimised long term future of eucalypts inthe wet tropics andrequiresacombinedapproachto particular pest and diseaseresearch – an areathathistoryhasshownwilldefinethe should include collaborative research between companies and R&D organisations. In realise the operational gains showninresearch trials. And finally the cooperation and researchstaff, as there arefewcompaniesintheregionthat manage to successfully harvest forplanting”.Itextendstothefosteringofcommunicationbetweenoperational where harvestingandgrowingunitsmust “plant for by the abide principle harvestingand optimum resultsintheshortesttimepossible. starts withinthecompany This cooperation sites for less than 10 to 15years, cooperation andcommunication is key to achieving where that inthisregion It isconsidered solid timberaddsanadditionaldegreeofcomplexitytooperations,timingandbudgets. cannot be cost effectively rectified later on in the rotation. Growing this period – mistakesduring the first12monthscannotbeoveremphasised right during them outconsistentlywithdueattentionto detail. The importanceof getting theoperations these operations are essentially simple to perform many organizations struggle to carry While highlighted. are selection site-species and operations planting stock, nursery suitable this backgroundandthefivekeyissuesofharvestingpractices,weedfreesilviculture, should be producing > should beproducing30m are regarded as plantations with a Mean Annual Increment of < 20 m organizations propagating trees and this is especially true in the case of eucalypts. Failures development. plantation forest commercial Yet amongst failures many too far are there South east Asia isaregionblessedwithabundantrainfallandreasonablesoilsfor Operational IssuesinGrowing 3 Asian ForestryCompany(Sabah)Sdn.Bhd,89108,KotaMarudu,Sabah,Malaysia David Boden 2 SabahSoftwoodsBerhad,P. O.Box60966,91019,Tawau, Sabah,Malaysia 5 JayaTiasa ForestPlantationsSdnBhd,96000,Sibu,Sarawak,Malaysia 1 Boden& Associates PtyLtd,POBox162,Cooroy, Qld4563 Australia 4 SabahForestIndustriesSdn.Bhd,89859,Sipitang,Sabah,Malaysia 1 , YaniJaparudin Correspondingauthor;[email protected] Lessons inCooperation 3 ha -1 . operationsarediscussedagainst Critical establishment 2 , ManuelEspey Eucalyptus 10 Eucalyptus 3 , EdmundGan spp. have been grown only onlowland grown spp. havebeen IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 inSouthEast Asia: 4 andBasilNguiM.L 3 ha Eucalyptus -1 against sites that 5 spp. for

Oral Presentation experiments to study the responses of to studytheresponses experiments increased by13.3%andstemvolume33.7%inthe60kgP ha with aP rate trial with to the bestN-P treatment at 11 monthscomparedto the control. The resultsalsoconcur Best results in Sabah indicated five-fold increase (significant at P=0.05) in tree volume showed that there were again highly significant growth responses to fertilizer treatments. of trials using selective treatments to further evaluate longterm responses. The results and P were inconsistentdueto high site variability. Therefore, weinitiateda second series P However, months)ofthesetrials. (18 thelife over ofN levels between interaction the from 0to48.9kgUrea46%ha factorial trials using nine treatments withPnine factorial trialsusing varyingfrom0to111 kg TSP 46%ha (on aduplexsoil). On someof these sites the studies commenced with short term NP- established in Sabah, Malaysia (on gradational soils) and north , Australia for timber plantationsustainability. Since problem apotential are variability site and rotations successive from losses Nutrient pellita that PResults acrossalltrialsindicated to optimise was essential at planting fertilization status of thesoiltypes, and physical the different climaticregionsandpreviouslanduses. compared tozeroP controls. These responsesarecomparedwiththecontrastingchemical N establishmentandgrowth,withvariedresponsestocomplementaryapplicationsofN. utrition Studieson 3 FOSHEE,UniversityoftheSunshineCoast,SippyDowns,Qld4556 Australia

1SabahSoftwoodsBerhad,P. O.Box60966,91019Tawau, Sabah,Malaysia 4 Asian ForestryCompany(Sabah)Sdn.Bhd,KotaKinabalu,SabahMalaysia Agustan Alwi 2 Boden& Associates PtyLtd,POBox162,Cooroy, Qld4563 Australia 1 , YaniJaparudin E. pellita Corresponding author:[email protected] -1 . Highly significant responses were obtained to bothNand were obtained responses significant . Highly innorth Queensland inwhich diameter at breast height Eucalyptus pellita 1 , ManuelEspey E. pellita 11 E. pellita

to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were phosphorus (N) and tonitrogen 4 , DavidBoden is a new species in the wettropics, IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 intheWet Tropics 2 -1 andTim Smith treatment at 15 months, treatmentat15months, 3 . -1 , andN E.

Oral Presentation farmers, andalsotomeetgrowingwoodrequirementofpulppaperindustryinIndia. potential to improve and sustainfarm productivity and profitability, for small and marginal better utilized incapital investments. Therefore, this innovative agro-forestry modelhas be can which, income, as fixed after fouryears,serves from harvestofpulpwood income family, marginal and small of the needs regular the fulfils crop from agriculture whereas, to efficient leading production throughout, plant resources. of natural utilization The income mitigates the risk of crop failure, if any. On the other handmono-cropped areaisput to crops. Also, Eucalypts are better adapted to harsh conditions inrain-fed areas, hence, it 2000 trees perhain1/4 2000 wheat, pulses, chilli, tobacco etc. By adopting this paired row design, afarmer can grow agriculture cropsgrown,alongwithclonal Eucalypts in thismodel,arecotton, maize, In this model 75% of the land area is allocated to agriculture and 25% to forestry. Major placed 8.5mapart,tocreatesufficientcrop cultivationindependently. spaceforagriculture at 1.5m apart with tree to tree spacing being at 1.0m within the row. Paired rows are forestry isbasedonpairedrowdesign.Inthisdesign,tworowsofEucalyptsareplanted model isdevelopedwith focus onwoodandfood security. This novelconcept inagro pulpwood forexpandingbusinessofpaperindustry, recentlyaninnovativeagroforestry their livelihood is based onagriculture. To improve farm income andgenerate sufficient farmers. by smallandmarginal in Indialivesvillagesand About 70%ofthepopulation accommodating 2222trees per ha and harvestingcycleis four years, since landis owned decades. In India, Eucalypt aregrownasblock plantation at a spacing of3.0m X 1.5m two last in lands farm at plantations pulpwood with area ha million 0.2 over promoted tree speciesgrownover1.0millionhainIndia,andITC are amajorpulpwoodPSPDhas issourcedfromfarmforestryand20%Governmentsources.Eucalypts the pulpwood tons ofpulp. to produceabout3million annually tons ofpulpwood 80% of Approximately rapidly,is growing India Industry in Pulp and The Paper 10 million about it consumes and Sustainable Agroforestry ModelforEucalypts Wood Tree onFarmLandsinIndia–AnITC Initiative th portion of the land and leaving 3/4 and leaving of theland portion ITC Limited.India Jagdish Tamak 12 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 th area, for growing agriculture area,forgrowing

Grown asPulp

Oral Presentation Key words severe frostingandsnowingduetogoodsoilphysicalcondition. to resistance due toitshigh Sea) was outstanding Caspian (near province at Mazandaran particularly at arid and semi-arid conditions was low, but its adaptation and performance E. camaldulensis grandis Republic of Iran. The tested eucalypt speciesconsistedgenerallyof: and provenances of The aimofthestudywastointroduceadaptable,fast-growingandindustrialspecies purposes. of survival the average Although production andtheirhighcoppicinghigh,wereintroducedfor soil andwaterconservation and saline soils, but due to their shrubandcoppice forms, their non industrialwood E. microtheca camaldulensis E. camaldulensis the mostsuccessful speciesandprovenancesareasfollows inrespect totheir priority: at different locations). According to the overallresultsof various locations andprovinces, industrial woodproduction (average of quantitative andqualitative growth characteristics factors (average survival percentage at different locations),and2–their potential for to environmental successful specieswereselected,usingtwocriteria:1–theiradaptability ANOVAstatistical testsand SASandSPSScomputerprograms. andDUNCAN The most the secondstage started in2010andended2014. The data were analyzed, using few eucalyptspeciesandprovenances. The firststageofthetrialstartedin2005,but under statisticaldesignofRandomizedCompleteBlockswiththreereplicatesand 2- Prof.,SeedandPlantCertificationResearchInstitute,P.O. Box31535-1516,Karaj,I.R.Iran.Email: 1*- Corresponding Author, Associate Prof.,ResearchInstituteofForestsandRangelands,P.O. Box , Adaptability andPerformanceofIndustrialEucalypt E. globulus Provenances atDifferentEcologicalZonesofIran 13185-116, Tehran, I.R.Iran.Email:[email protected], [email protected]. : Forestplantation,survival,soil,diameter, height,quality, crowncover diameter and var. (Ilamorigin), var. , E. sargentii subcinerea E. rubida Eucalyptus obtusa Hossein Sardabi , (seedlot 13701), E. saligna hadgoodadaptationtoaridandsemi-aridclimates E. camaldulensis , usingspecies trials at different provinces of Islamic (seedlots 15195and15272). Furthermore, although [email protected]. 1* ,MohammadHasan Assareh 13 and E. rubida E. viminalis E. denticulata var. at differentand provinces, locations IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 camaldulen . The trialsusuallyconducted 2 (seedlot 16341)and sis (seedlot15030), E. camaldulensis , E. E. E.

Oral Presentation replace in manypartsofthisregion. application, with the addition of P increasing the stem volume by 21.4 to 37.1 m fertilizers. and calcium potassium sites inSouthSumatratoassesstheresponseapplicationofnitrogen,phosphorus, productivity oftheseplantations.We conductednutrientmanagementstudiesat 2 to change nutrient dynamics and the management that is required to ensure maximum maximum productivity. However, conversion to non-N-fixing P of amount asmall only and nitrogen no requiring simple, reasonably was phase for occurring inSumatra dueto various threats which make Large-scale conversion of sites from future, as the site N status has potential to decline overthecourseofmultiple to decline future, asthesiteNstatushaspotential However, weanticipatethatthis recommendation requiresfurthermonitoringinto the fertilizer,of CaorKatmanysites. norwillthetreesbelikelytorespondapplication sites which have recently been converted from of 2.5t/halime.Similarly,addition to K. therewasno response that Thus, weconclude plantations. EventhoughthesoilshadlowpH(4.38),therewasnogrowthresponse to possibly duetohighresidualavailableNinthesoilfixedbyprevious 36 monthscomparedwithnoadditionofP fertilizer. Key words rotations. Nutrient Managementof Two Rotationsof A. mangium : fertilization,plantationgrowth,soilnitrogen. 2 Faculty ofForestryGadjahMadaUniversity, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 1 PT. MusiHutanPersada,MuaraEnim,SouthSumatra,Indonesia Maydra A. Inail Maydra A. atthesesites.Nutrientmanagementduringtheformer 3 CSIRO LandandWater, Hobart,Tasmania, Australia E. pellita Acacia mangium 1 , EkoB.Hardiyanto E . pellita Eucalyptus pellita Acacia mangium has emergedasthemostprospectivespeciesto 14 was found to be highly responsive to Presponsive wasfoundtobehighly fertilizer A. mangium 2 , DanielS.Mendham E. pellita IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 to in SouthSumatra A Eucalyptus pellita . will not require additional N showednoresponsetoN, mangium Plantationsafter Eucalyptus 3 no longer viable has potential A. mangium A. mangium A. Eucalyptus has been E. pellita 3 /ha at

Oral Presentation RMB/hm 3-rows 1-line eucalypt + 1-row Eucalyptus Key words the intercroppingfor25months. and 115.5% respectively. This showed that the highest economicbenefitwasby continuing respectively compared to pure eucalypt plantation, providing increases of 8.7%, 49.6%, study wasinitiatedto examinethepotentialforintercroppingof this the environment, and improving plantations utility ofeucalypt the global For increasing + 3-rows respectively. 76.7% and eucalypt 1-line involving mode thecultivation that This showed Guangxi University, Nanning530004,Guangxi,China;3.BureauofForestryandPark,Guangxi glabra systemsofeucalypt- intercroppingsystems.Intercropping economic benefitsofsuch site andanupper hillside site incentral Guangxi; data collected was used to analyze patterns werestudiedinrandomizedcompleteblockexperimentsonalowerhillside Eucalyptus average output values increase by2,264RMB/hm output values average with time,andat5months,1625months modes increased the threecultivation Study ofEucalypt- 530022, Guangxi,China;4.XingjianCollegeofScienceandLiberal Arts, GuangxiUniversity, Nanning 1. CollegeofForestry, GuangxiUniversity, Nanning530004, Guangxi,China;2.AgriculturalCollege, increased the economic returned by up to 456,624 RMB/hm S. glabra -2 , 18,934RMB/hm S. glabra Chengqun L plantations, providinga423%higherreturn. For anintercropping patterns of ： plantations. Twoplantations. eucalypt- Eucalyptus compared to pure eucalypt plantation the outputvalue increaseby-1,042 comparedtopureeucalyptplantation providedthehighesteconomicbenefit. The averagedreturnsfrom Ü

1 , BaolingHUANG , S. glabra Sarcandra glabra Sarcandra glabra of ItsEconomicBenefits -2 and 20,212 RMB/ hm and20,212 , 1-line eucalypt + 2-rows 530004, Guangxi,China S. glabra 1 , YanpingYE 15 , intercroppingpattern,economicbenefits intercropping patterns and three planting three and patterns intercropping Intercroppingand Analysis -2 -2 2 , 15,824RMB/hm , , ShaoyueNONG providing increases of -3.9%,71.9% increases providing IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 S. glabra, Sarcandra glabra 3 , ShifanL -2 -2 , compared to pure , 42,334RMB/hm 1-line eucalypt + Ü 4

within S. S. -2

Oral Presentation screened for their antagonistic activity against for theirantagonistic screened actinomycete whichwere and rhizospheric isolates ofendophytic More thanfourhundred fertilizers. and pesticides the useofchemical method toreduce it isanalternative though agent andplantgrowthpromotersisstilllimitedeven as biocontrol use ofmicroorganisms In country. the across expand rapidly plantations eucalyptus the Thailand, However, the 99.4% similarityto endophyte. The identification of this strain using the 16S rRNA genes sequence revealed water. The isolateEUSKR2S82 could colonize internal root tissues andthrive as aroot selected to study for high plantgrowthpromotingactivities(EUTKR1S17,EUSNT1H43andEUSKR2S82)were (38.5%) producedallthreeplantgrowthpromotingtraits. isolates with Three antagonistic indole-3-acetic acidandsolubilizephosphate,respectively. Among these,184isolates 465 isolates (97.3%), 237 isolate (49.6%) and 344 isolate (72%) produced siderophores, siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) andphosphate solubility. The result showedthat of plant growthpromotingtraits. All theseisolatesweretested for their abilitiesto produce indole-3-acetic acid,phosphatesolubility Key words

spp. and 4 3 The HigherEducationResearchPromotionandNationalUniversityProjectofThailand, Forest andPlantConservationResearchOffice,DepartmentofNationalParks,Wildlife andPlant Plant GrowthPromotingTraits of Actinomycetes from

1 Teratosphaeriadestructans Dept.ofMicrobiology, FacultyofScience,Kasetsart University, Bangkok,Thailand 2 Dept.ofGenetics,FacultyScience,KasetsartUniversity, Bangkok,Thailand : plant growthpromotingtraits,actinomycetes, W. Himaman Eucalyptus Streptomyces ramulosus in vitro Office oftheHigherEducationCommission,Thailand Email: [email protected],[email protected] 1, 4 , A. Thamchaipenet , A. usingtest agar- plant root colonization tubes containing0.4% Conservation, Bangkok,Thailand RootsandRhizosphericSoil from previous study were screened for more details 16 NRRL B27-14 2, 4 Cryptosporiopsis eucalypti Cryptosporiopsis , K.Pongpanich IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 T . 3 ,K. Duangmal Eucalyptus , 1, 4 , siderophores, Cylindrocladium

Oral Presentation as 18years.. is the organisms, from unrelated for theuseofgenes The bestexample in traits, which desirable to shortenthetimeforobtaining help are impossibletobreeding.Genetictransformationmay also access throughconventional new boundaries, using genes/traits from sexually incompatible or unrelated species that breeders toexploit tool thatallows program isagame-changing into abreeding organisms through genetictransformation. The possibilityof inserting genesfrom unrelated species/ Today, we cancombinegainsprovidedby conventional breedingwithbenefitsaccessible species. Mendel’s of re-utilization This breeding. plant for basis asolid provided theories once againchangedtheway wedomesticateandimproveplant resistant wheatvarieties (1960’s),Green Revolution seeds ofsemi-dwarf/disease- by hybridized provided thegains propagating genotypes withdesirablephenotypes. Thousands of yearslater, duringthe early stagesofplant domestication, approximately 16,000 years ago, by selecting and Humans have inadvertently manipulated allelefrequency of plant populations since the thaliana example ofthisapproachhasbeenFuturaGene’s useofthe used commerciallyinseveralfieldcropsonmillionsofhectaresaroundtheworld. An gene from transformation shouldoptimizethelongtermyieldsforforestplantations. genetic with combined breeding conventional that using believes FuturaGene interaction). and to provide flexibility for planting in different geographies and environments (GxE of differentthe impactofdiseaseandpestoutbreaks in ordertominimize clonesdeployed, sufficientplantations. geneticdiversityincommercial maximizes thenumber This approach modified trees should becombined with conventional breeding inorder to maintain Rodrigo NevesGraca¹;EduardoJosédeMello¹;GuozuoLin Conventional BreedingandGeneticTransformation for to promote biomass increase in topromotebiomassincrease Agrobacterium tumefaciens FuturaGene: 1 Brazil; Eucalyptus 2 China; that confers tolerance to glyphosate and is being 3 Israel. Email:[email protected] Eucalyptus 17 Improvement .

However,of genetic thedeployment IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 ; XudongZhou cel1 Eucalyptus genefrom 2 ; ZivShani , maybeaslong Arabidopsis 3 . cp4

Oral Presentation Key words Key in ensuringthesuccessoftreeimprovement programs. to otherisland. supplied strategy playsakeyrole that abreeding The results alsoindicate in SSO of SSO should alsouse ca. 40 to 50 familieswithsix to eight trees per plot, and 5) the GEI pellita improvement of growth rather than stem form; 3)onegeneration of breeding cycle of diameter,the favored in theF-1SSOhas of selection process 2) theoverall respectively; 1) themeanrealizedgains were establishedin1994-1996andtheF-2orchards2003. The resultsshowthat SSO of second (F-2)generation generation SSO. The investigations involved analyzing data collected in first (F-1) and gain, and5)tocomparetheplustree progeniesandunselectedfamiliesinthesecond- genetic to maximize order of SSOin design the optimum 4) toobtain selection, multi-site environment interaction by predictingexpected gains betweensinglesite selection and extrapolated trendof genetic parameters, 3) to examinemagnitude of the genotype an with predicted gains genetic on based selection for age optimum toinvestigate 2) four separate studies aimingat investigating: 1) to clarify the trend of within plotselection, the resultsof be thescopeof this studytosynthesized issues intheactivitiesonSSOwill orchard (SSO),isacommontypeusedineucalyptbreedingprograms.Some generation. Forthisreason,theprogenytestisgraduallyconvertedintoaseedlingseed pattern to regenerate anewandhopefullyimproved breeding population for the next individuals areselected from breedingpopulation andcrossedinaparticular mating Most of the tree improvement programs rely onrecurrent selection wheresuperior seed orchard,treeimprovement Application ofBreedingStrategywithSeedlingSeedOrchard Forest Tree Improvementfor 2) should be achieved in a five-year period with eight-year rotations; 4) the design of rotations; 4)thedesign with eight-year inafive-yearperiod be achieved should Department ofEcosystemStudies,GraduateSchool Agricultural andLifeSciences,the 1) 3) E. pellita Center forForestBiotechnologyandTree Improvement, YOGYAKARTA, INDONESIA : Department of Applied Bioscience,Tokyo Universityof Agriculture, TOKYO, . Eucalyptus pellita Eucalyptus willhave significant adverse effect if the seed from F-1 orchard are

Budi Leksono

in theF-2SSOwerearound15%and18%forheight University ofTokyo, TOKYO, JAPAN. , genetic gains, genotype-environment interaction, seedling interaction, genotype-environment gains, , genetic (Email: [email protected]). E. pellita 1 , YujiIde atfourlocationsinIndonesia. The F-1orchards 18 Eucalyptuspellita 2 , SusumuKurinobu IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 3 inIndonesia: E. E.

Oral Presentation rooting, auxin,growth characteristics, drymatterproduction,carbon assimilation

Key words Key biomass productionin for unusualsites,eliminationofinbreds,mass productionofgenotypesandenhanced can beusedtoprovideplants Thus improvementstrategiesthroughselection andcloning seedlings. Similarly,in RUBP a10%increase to was alsonoticedincuttingscompared consumption capacity offormer.high photosynthetic revealing than seedlings raised plantswashigher cutting raisedplants whenmeasuredat 2peaksviz. 1100 ans1500hrs. AC Photosynthetic system (LiCOR 6000) were observed between seedling raised and Inherent differences incarbonassimilationasmonitoredthroughLiCORPortable of seedlingraisedplants. better.cuttings performing The totaldryweightofcuttingraised plants wasnearlydouble (0.01%) in height, collar diameter, leaf area, root length and number of branches with photosynthetic parametersaswelldrymatter production showedsubstantialvariations of thetechnique.Comparativeperformancecuttingsvs.seedlingsingrowthattributes, feasibility the overall assessing and in understanding a great deal will contribute seedlings The morpho-physiological performance of field planted rooted propagules along with auxin. with proper coupled rooting period production, of seasoncoppice through amalgamation of ability withrespecttoseason,auxintreatmentandrootformation. Thus geneticpotential chamber. Significantvariations(0.01%)wereobservedincoppiceshootproduction were preparedtreated with variousconcentrations of auxinsandplanted undermist cuttings nodal Single production. abilityformaximumpropagule shoot production coppice Selected superior trees of improving yield. are essential for practical implementation of propagule production byResearchers for shoot productionandthequantityofpropagulesthatcanbeproducedseasonally. These occurs, the periodicresponseof known istheextentto trees to which rejuvenation coppice however,of adulttrees(rejuvenation), practised sincelongthroughcoppicing whatisnot yields, whichisnot conductive for successful plantations. CloninginEucalypts hasbeen showconsiderableinherentvariationsresultinginunpredictable throughseedlings raised plant material manyplantations are beingestablished through seeds. The plantations for itschoiceasasourceof renewablewoodbasedmaterial. To fulfillthedemandfor reason climatic zonesisaprime varied in Indiaunder of Eucalypts adaptability The wide through SelectionandCloning:FieldPerformanceofCuttings Eucalyptus Genetic Improvementof Dehradun, India-248006,e-mail: : Eucalyptus hybrid (Mysore gum) to maximum plantlet production could be enhanced Plant PhysiologyDiscipline,ForestResearchInstitute Eucalyptus hybrid (Mysore gum), selection, season, coppice production, coppice season, selection, gum), (Mysore hybrid Eucalpytus hybrid(Mysoregum). vs. Seedlings Meena Bakshi Eucalyptus hybrid were coppiced seasonally to assess the [email protected] 19 Hybrid(Mysoregum) IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 , [email protected] 350 of cutting

Oral Presentation splitting werenon-significant. The highestvolumegrowth(48dm seed sourcesfordbh,treeheight,whilstdifferenceswithin and families foundforlog-end and log-endsplittingdata.Significantdifferences wereobservedamongseedsources for five trees per plot prior to the thinning. General ANOVA was performed for growth taken were measurements and treeheight) to thebark.Growthdata(dbh crack extending radius ofthelog,1.5pointsforacrackextendingto3/4and2 a the CSIR log-endsplitting evaluation criteria: onepoint for crackextending to half of the log waslabeledand stored forone week beforetheend splitting assessment. This used for thelog-endsplitting assessment. Those treeswerecrosscut at1.3mheight; the first used of 2treesperplot,12family)were (removal and treesfromafirstthinning this wasplantedinarow-columndesignwithsixreplications.Eachplotcomprised5trees families from a seedproductionat Erabedda and32familiesfrom up countryplantations); 11 fromseedproductionareaatKinigama, atErabedda,17families trial first generation trial consistedof132familiesfromplustreesselectedinSriLanka(72a generation progenytrialsbeingestablishedin2007. The secondgenerationprogeny of Sri Lanka. Lanka. of Sri An grandis Eucalyptus (SPA) at(42.2dm area seed production (SSO1) andsecondbesttheKinigama seedorchard the Erabedda made withdueconsiderationtobothgrowthandwoodqualitytraits. between logendsplittingandgrowthtraitsindicatingthatfutureselectionshaveto be the plantationcollections.Positiveandunfavorablephenotypiccorrelationwasobserved sources of used by the Sri Lankan Forest Department (the SSO and SPAs) are superiorto Eucalyptus grandis Genetic Variation ofLog-EndSplittingandGrowthTraits of E . 3 /tree). seed plantation production thatthecurrent indicate results These is one the main commercial forest plantation species in thehighlands species isonethemaincommercialforestplantation grandis grandis genetic improvement program was initiated in 1995 with second withsecond 1995 in initiated was program improvement genetic Sri LankaForestInstitute, Erabedda, SriLanka in aSecondGenerationProgenyTrial at e-mail: K. M. A. Bandara

[email protected] 20 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 3 /tree) was aseedlotfrom

Oral Presentation (Panampally, 10 site arid at aninland developed per family)were siblings (three hundred each sib families confirmed the hybridization of parental genomes. Two breeding populations with four full Purity analysisusingGenetic analyses(Applied Biosystems-Hitachi, T-3500 Inc., USA) the program. The dihybridcrossesweresuccessfulwithaPERSvaluesvarying0.10–0.20. camaldulensis, E. camaldulensis x E. grandis 13 (Chennagiri, semi-arid riparian inner an in developed were trials more five 2013-14 In E. tereticornis In termsofleafandbarkmorphology At twelvemonthsallthecrossessurvived(95-100%). (Nellore, 14

the rooting behaviour. The cross variationwasnotedin strategizedasaVMG.Significantgenotypic site was arid inland traits. Dihybridcombinationsof and an clones of pulping, greater rooting, lower ligninandhigher salt tolerance were targeted. Pedigreed target taxawasinitiatedinIFGTBduring2010.Quantitativetraitssuchasimproved selection errors. The first effort to molecular and classical breeding with Red gums as endorsement catalysesinfast While quantifyingaphenotyictrait eliminating a genotyping is aneffectivebreeding Interfacing classicalandmolecular strategytocropimprovement. (Muthupet, 10 an inneraridsite (Neyveli 13 Key words elite clones. specific hybridclonesareexpectedtoreplace theexistingopenpollinateduntestedand inter- pedigreed thatcurrently concluded Itis levels. tothenext toadvance expected supportive to industrial forestry at phenotype andgenotypic levels breeding programs managed for 100%survival. In future with better comprehension of economic traits were developedataripariansemiaridsite(Karur, 11 trials clonal three 2012-13 period the During deployed. successfully been have 19,500 of peninsular India. Over twentythousandclonalramets were produced of which over in sevendifferentdeployed and successfully cloned were across fourdifferent field states success in rooting in accordance to the hypothesis. However, all the four full sib families Rajasugunasekar D,Vellaichamy P, Mayavel A, SivakumarV, ModhumithaD,BachpaiV.K.W, Yasodha Interfacing ClassicalandMolecularBreedinginRedGums o 59’N; 75 E. grandis(13017Lorne) E. camaldulensis : Hybrids,inter-specificcross,quantitativetraits, redgum o o 41’E), aninnerriparianwetsite(Hosakoppa,14 23’ N; 80 o × 28’N; 79 E.grandis o 47’N; 76 India: ObservedandExpectedGains o Institute ofForestGeneticsandTree Breeding,India 02’E), aninnersemiarid(Thuvarankuruchi,10 o 30’E) andaninneraridlocation (Pudukottai, 10 o 45’E) and at a coastal location (Satyavedu, 13 were found to be closer to the parent. During 2011,parent. During werefoundtobecloserthepollen the ( o Ec-7, Ec-17 and Ec-111 50’N; 79 E. camaldulensis E. tereticornis selection weredeployedforhybridizingtheabovesaid R, NagarajanB o 03’E). All the study locations havebeenintensively 21 and × E. grandis E. tereticornis * × E.tereticornis,tereticornis ), o 02’N; 78 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. tereticornis o 10’N; 74 exhibited the lowest level of o 01’E) acoastalplainsite were developed under o o ( 58’E) acoastalsite 22’N; 78 Et 217and Et 86 o o 23’ N,78 26’N; 79 o 23’E) and o o 51’E). 56’E). × E. E. )

Oral Presentation genetics, nextgenerationsequencing quantitative (GBLUP), Predictor Unbiased BestLinear Genomic (BLUP), Predictor Key words and breeding. sequence datainclassical quantitative genetics the unsurpassedpotentialof incorporating cottonwood and white spruce open-pollinated populations will be presented to demonstrate and even breeding without structured pedigree. Examples from unstructured black of thegeneticvariance, more precisegenetic parameters,betterpartitioning for obtaining Predictor (GBLUP). The recentdevelopmentofquantitativegenomicscreatedopportunities by theGenomicBestLinearUnbiased Predictor (BLUP)isreplaced Best LinearUnbiased of pedigreeandgenomicrealizedkinship)evaluationapproacheswheretheclassical innovative methods such as the pedigree-free andthe unified single-step (a combination of geneticstoquantitativegenomicsandledthedevelopment transformed quantitative breeding values,traits’ heritability, geneticcorrelationsetc.). This substantialshiftliterally based realizedkinshipmethodsforestimatinggeneticparameters(e.g.,individuals’ of relationshipbetweenindividuals(Wright S.1922; Amr Nat56:330-338)toagenomic- analyses foundedontheutilizationof from Sewell Wright’sthe pedigree-based coefficient model andnon-modelforesttreespecies. This inturntransformedquantitativegenetics data for of sequence the availability increased technologies Sequencing Next Generation Forest Tree Improvement:theShiftfromquantitativeGenetics : pedigree,coefficient ofrelationship,realizedkinship,BestLinearUnbiased Yousry El-Kassaby Faculty ofForestry, UniversityofBritishColumbia,Canada to QuantitativeGenomics * , JaroslavKlapste,OminaGamalEl-Dien,BlaiseRatcliffe 22 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation Genotype by environment interaction (G interaction Genotype byenvironment of G of tree seedlots. Advanced generation control-pollinated trials are needed to get estimates has beenshownto relate to individual test site drynessusingnative forest open-pollinated correlations thanwithinclasscorrelations. Thus moistureavailabilitywas importantforG classes asusedforadditivecorrelationsdidnotshowanytrendorlowerbetweenclass evaporation thesame Using areas. windspeed low within speed,andthenaridity wind there wasstillsubstantialunexplainedG group wasaround0.66,indicatingthatthemodelgroupingtrialseffectively, butthat of 0.42betweentheextremeclasses. each sites within between The averagecorrelation a sensibletrendofdecreasingcorrelationwithdifferences inevaporation,with a correlation site groupsbasedonminimummonthlyevaporationwasalmostasgoodamodelandgave sites, andvapourpressuredeficitwithinlowtemperaturesites.Howeversplittingintothree site groupings werebasedonthe minimum temperatureof the warmest monthof the trial between ages were higher than additive correlations. For additive correlations, the best SCA models. multivariate within-trial from derived model correlation ratio correlations error sumofsquares. weighted Age differencesfor usingaLambethage wereaccounted into groups based on critical values ofenvironmentalattributes which minimised model models of inter-site correlations based onlong-termtrialclimaticattributes. Trials weresplit pairs wereusedto adequately samplethe range of possibleenvironmental attributes in SCAoverall. higher but slightly variable, more generally were correlations trial available All (and had higher standard errors) when trial pairs had less than 100 parents in common. features, andbetween trial additive andSCA effects. Correlations weremorevariable pairwise analysisoftrialswithmorethan40parentsincommonusingwithintrialdesign measurement age)make GxE estimation difficult.estimates werederivedfrom Correlation adjacent years,butlittlebetweenyearsbeyondthat. (and differencesThis disconnection in trials inarollingfrontbreedingschemethereissomeparentaloverlapbetween depression, andat theSCA (Specific Combining Ability) level.For advancedgeneration prediction Key words previous sitegroupsbasedongeographicor regionalboundaries. these newsitegroups,ratherthanthe using be estimated can now values Breeding level. at theSCAimportance at theprovenanceandadditivelevels,but was onlyofsecondary Genotype ×Environmentinteractionof Australia HasSimilarPatternsattheProvenanceand Additive 1. PlantPlanGenetics;2.UniversityofTasmania; 3.SouthernTree Breeding Association, Australia × E at the additive level, unconfounded by differential by inbreeding unconfounded and level, selfing additive partial the E at : Eucalyptus Gregory Dutkowski

globulus , genotype byenvironment interaction, breeding value × 1 , BradPotts levels E) in 23 × E. SCA sitetypegroupsweredominated by Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus 2 , DavidPilbeam IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus globulus 3 at the provenance level attheprovenance in × E

Oral Presentation Bío-Bío Regionon2009-2010.Geneticparametersfordroughttolerance trial from these three populations planted inrepresentative sites of drylandareasof the This papershowsthe resultsoftwo open-pollinated trialsandonecontrolledpollination hardiness oftheChileanlandrace and thedrought genotypes orchard of theclonal superiority the genetic combined material control pollinated families generated by intraspecific crosses of population B × A. This (B) open pollinated families of 107 plus trees selected on extreme dry conditions (C) volume inaclonalseedorchardthatcorrespondtotheINFORtreebreedingprogram, Three populations wereincludedfor this purpose: (A) selected genotypes ranked by propagate droughthardiness An INFOR research Project started on2006was oriented to select, recombine and central andsouthregionofChileupto6-8%. productivity of plantations dueto lower precipitation andextreme temperatures inthe a trait. Last results of INFOR survey shows that the climatic change will decrease the growth, yieldandfiberqualityofthespecies,butdroughthardinesswasnotincludedas hardiness, frost improve to programs breeding started Chile in organizations many By 1990 country. Land Race” was formed that has beenwelladapted to dry climatic conditions inthe Colcura (BíoBío Region) and due to successive selection and propagation cycles a “Chilean 2014). in poles mining coal for XIXcentury of end bythe introduced was species The planted in Chile that represents 23% of the total plantations with exotic species (INFOR, production in the world due its exceptional fiber properties. There are 563,813 hectares Eucalyptus globulus selection ofbestPCandOP progeniesforcommercialdeployment. including Region Bío-Bío the of areas zones dry in E.globulus of tolerance drought improving for strategies breeding ofthis theapplicability with related are Conclusions globulus anddroughttolerantspecieslike open pollinatedfamiliesat5-6-year-oldusingascontrolscommercialseed sources ofE. were obtained through the survival and growth of 24 controlpollinated families and 61 1 Metropolitana, INFOR,Chile, Breeding Patricio RojasVergara1*- MaríaPazMolina1-BraulioGutierrez2RobertoIpinza2 E. globulus

Labill “Tasmanian BlueGum” is the main species for pulp andpaper 2 *Contact person,e-mail: Bío-Bío. INFOR,Chile, E. globulus forDroughtHardinessintheBío-Bío Region ofChile E. globulus E. camaldulensis 24 genotypes in the semiarid region of Chile. of semiaridregion the genotypesin 3 . Bío-Bío. INFOR,Chile, [email protected]. IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 and E. cladocalyx 4 Valdivia, INFOR,Chile. . E. globulus

Oral Presentation temperate eucalyptsandprovidesinteresting opportunitiesfortreebreeders! constraints inSouth Africa. Research isongoingtoimprovethebreedingcycleof biological these of some overcome to technologies in invest to critical been thus It has level of genetic gain deployedfrom the breeding programmesintocommercialplantations. All of these factors impact on the length of the breeding cycle, and may impact on the rooting ofcuttings. of manyof the species to producecoppice andthus hedgeplants, aswellbypoor by theinability deployment, ishindered and commercial rooted cuttings,bothforbreeding challenged byrootstock-scion incompatibility insomespecies. Similar propagation by for controlled-pollinations. The grafting of elite material for breedingprogrammesis as welldifficultin poorseedproduction, resulting flowers arelessabundant, conditions and smaller is size Flower rates. outcrossing and pollinators suitable available on impact could thennegatively which is importantforflowerbud induction, Siting ofseedorchards products. enhancing of flowering stands withtheapplication orthinned only inopen-grown occurs yearslater,generally ofsub-tropicaleucalypts.Flowering to thebreeding and often compared when constraints has somebiological cycleoftemperateeucalypts the breeding made by deploying clones are generally magnitudes greater than inseedlings; however, programmes. tree improvement as inmanyglobal deployment, on clonal The gainstobe in South hybrids and theirinter-specific eucalypts of sub-tropical Breeding Africa isfocused sites. Growth patterns andbreedingsystems can differ markedly for the species andacrossthe of sites and environments, and niche species and inter-specific hybrids for specific sites. pathogens in these areashasaddedto the task of breeding resilientspeciesfor a range with differing severities of frost, snow and drought events. The advent of new pests and also rainfall, and temperature altitude, on based latter the conditions, environmental South African plantation forestry is characterised by awiderange of site types and hybrids, theseinresponsetoarangeofuniquechallenges. inter-specific for developing and species both aspure temperate species, for commercial sector. Tree improvement programmes in the country have made significant advances eucalypts and, as such, make an important contribution to the South African forestry Aof South significantpercentage to temperate are established African eucalyptplantations Breeding Temperate Versus Sub-tropicalEucalypts–aSouth ICFR, Box100281,Scottsville,Pietermaritzburg,3201,South Africa African Experience Tammy Swain 25 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation towards genomicdissectionofeconomicandadaptivetraitsin samples. susceptible with resistantand RNAseq valuable be highly these resultscould All grandis F in and recurrentselection breeding between clonalandseedlingtraits strategies forclonal and couldbecriticalfor designing wood propertieswere mapped on the densemaps, which showed marked differences of and, incombination with markersreported previously, constructed dense genetic maps developed more than 3,000 expressed sequence tag (EST) derived molecular markers in traits We used two approaches to detect genomicregions influencing economic andadaptive Moreover, sevenmicrosatelliteswererevealedtobeassociatedwithresistancein local climatic variables mean annual temperature, isothermality and/or annual precipitation. grandis 1 2 Towards GenomicDissection ofEconomicand Adaptive Traits StateKeyLaboratoryofTree GeneticsandBreeding,Chinese Academy ofForestry, XiangshanRoad, ResearchInstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Longdong,Guangzhou510520, ST E. urophylla outlier microsatellite markers that were probably involved in divergent selection in in selection divergent in involved probably were that markers microsatellite outlier * Correspondence.Tel. +862087032402.Fax.87031622.Email:[email protected] to gall wasp( togall populations,ofwhichfiveloci(sevenalleles)weresignificantlyassociatedwith Eucalyptus and Siming Gan , namely, we analysis, linkage For analyses. association and linkage E. tereticornis Leptocybe invasa 1,2* , FagenLi . Quantitativetraitloci(QTLs)controllinggrowthand in Beijing 100091,China Eucalyptus 2 Eucalyptus , ChangpinZhou ), and several candidate geneswereobtainedin), andseveralcandidate 26 China . For association analysis, we identified 58 analysis, weidentified . Forassociation 2 , QijieWeng IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus 2 , MeiLi 2 . E E. E. .

Oral Presentation in awaythatwillimpactproductivityplanted forests. traits plasticity), willberequiredbeforeweareable to use directselectiononphysiological eucalypts abilityto alter theirphysiologyinresponseto environmental change(phenotypic understanding ofhowstablechangesduetoselectionwillbeovertime,giventhe Certainly, programs. breeding in applied maybe technology the before time of greater a on otherpopulations,extendedtofieldtrialsandevaluatedoveramuchgreaterperiods these results arepromising, the experimental modelthat ispresented must bevalidated the population average will be maintained following changes in water availability. While differences relative the that and physiology and populations selected between state in These results indicate selection may be used to develop populations with an altered for increased photosynthetic rate would not alter either of the leaf water status traits. WC and WP and littlerelationshipwitheitherof these traits and Asat; indicating selection three traits. Among the traits, there were moderately strong genetic correlations between and rehydrated conditions; indicating little genotype byenvironment interaction for these families forallphysiologicaltraitswereverystableacrossthehydrated,waterstressed water stressed (0.20 ±0.06), and ASAT whenrehydrated (0.39 ±0.08). The rankings of (0.38 ±0.08),WPhydrated trait: WCwhen for eachphysiological state ofhydration when be most efficient when heritability estimates are greatest, which occurred in a different impacted by the level of water stress. state through selectionwould Altering physiological and theseestimatesare control of genetic level a moderate traits areunder physiological these estimates indicate traits. Heritability among thesephysiological and therelationships Genetic parameter estimates werederivedto understand the degreeof genetic control at three points in time; when seedlingswerehydrated, water stressed and rehydrated. made for1200seedlingsina Water Content (WC), Leaf water potential (WP) and photosynthetic rate (Asat) were stress was assessed using a-priori calibrated spectroscopic models. Predictions of Relative water to subjected ofeucalypts population pedigreed large a of state physiological The 1 UniversityoftheSunshineCoast–[email protected];2Riau Andalan Pulp&Paper– Changes intheGeneticControlofEucalyptPhysiology Jeremy Brawner Induced byWater Stress Eucalyptus camaldulensis [email protected] 1 27 andPaulWarburton IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 progenytrialthatwasassessed 1&2

Oral Presentation urophylla markers from 1130 clonedindividualsobtained viacontrolled crosses of 13 to assessthesameeffects. SNPand 3303 tree height using were compared The models phase to estimate marker-based relationships among hybrid progenies, were developed epistatic (AA, AD andDD)effects. Fivecomplementarymodels,involvingthegametic matrices amongparents,weredevelopedto estimate additive(A),dominance(D), and In a first step, ten pedigree- andmarker-basedrelationship linear mixedmodels,involving using singleandmulti-traitapproaches. additive andvariancetheirpredictionaccuracyfor non-additive the genomicselection to assesstheextentof designed models maybeusedtoexplore polymorphism nucleotide components iscrucialforoptimizinggeneticgain.Genome-widemarkerssuchassingle Hybrids arebroadlyusedin

contrasted heritabilities (h contrasted heritabilities for heightincrementandvolumeh experimental data,simulations words Key multivariate genomicselectionwhenacorrelated high-heritabilitytraitwasavailable. that the prediction accuracy for a low-heritability trait could be significantly increased by varying from 0.1 to 0.9. Compared to single trait genomic selection, the results showed selection. This low difference can beexplainedbythe very close heritabilities (h Experimental data showedthat multitrait- was slightly better than single trait genomic 18 months), critical trait to avoid weed competition, and volume at mid-rotation age. With experimental approach, weused juvenilegrowth (height increment between 8and multi-trait genomic selection was analysed using experimental data and simulations. In a second step, using the progeny gametic phase-based model, the performance of information. highlighted the advantages of progeny gametic phase-based model using genome wide dominance varianceandnullestimateswereobtainedfor AA and AD effects. This study and predicting genetic values. However, DDvariancecouldnot beseparated from the progeny gameticphase-basedmodelsperformedbetterinfittingtheobservations AD andDDvarianceswereestimatedwithhighstandarderrors.Usingthesamecriteria, lower error.mean square and accuracysmaller goodness-of-fit AIC, higher However, performed better than those that were pedigree-based, i.e. anabsence of singularities, differed according to the model. Modelswith aparent marker-basedrelationship matrix error wereusedforthecomparisons. The variancecomponentsandratios correlation matricesofestimates,goodness-of-fit,predictionaccuracyandmeansquare Modeling Additive andNon-additiveEffectsina Cirad, CentreInternationaldeRecherche Agronomique pourleDéveloppement,ResearchUnit Jean-Marc Bouvet Hybrid PopulationUsingGenome-wideGenotyping– females with 9 : relationship matrix, linear mixed model, variance components, G-BLUP, components, variance model, mixed linear matrix, : relationship Implications forMulti-traitGenomicSelection * , GarelMakouanzi,MarieDenis, Alexandre Vaillant, PhilippeVigneron 2 =0.10 andh Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus 2 =0.39). Withsimulationweconsideredtwo traitswith 2 =0.70) with additive and environmental correlation =0.70) withadditiveandenvironmental breedingandaccurateestimationofvariance 28 males. AIC, variance ratios, asymptotic IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus 2 =0.36

Oral Presentation of rupture (MOR) at 12 MCwerestudied.Meanbasicdensitywas584kgm (MOE)andmodulus ofelasticity modulus and longitudinal), radial shrinkage (tangential, basic density,at 1.3–2.0mheight,wood collected billets From wood province. directional selected inan11families wererandomly pollinated trial inPleiku,GiaLai yearoldprogeny pellita Eucalyptus The objectiveofthisresearchwastounderstandpossibilitiesgeneticimprovement improved growthanddimensionalstability. results suggestthatgeneticimprovementforwoodqualityin not significant. low and were properties and wood diameter atbreastheight between The while those for woodbasic density andMOE were low(4.5–5.0%). Genetic correlations and radialshrinkage,MORwerehigh(9-11%) fortangential additive geneticvariation MOR; and thoseforbothtangentialradialshrinkagewereabout0.38.Coefficients of narrow sense heritabilities were 0.46 for wood basic density, 0.33 for MOE and 0.52 for Provenance effects werenotsignificantforanyofthewoodproperties.Individual-tree, ratio was1.6.MOEandMORwere24.7GPa208MPa,respectively.tangential/radial respectively.direction, and longitudinal radial 0.1% intangential, was 4.2%,2.7%and The and strength is adequate, future genetic improvement of of improvement genetic future adequate, is strength and selection for growth would not adversely affect wood quality. Because bending stiffness Genetic Improvementof 1 South EasternForestExperimentalCentre,ScienceInstituteofVietnam for sawn timber production in Vietnam.timber production forsawn Atrees from40open totalof160 2 Tran HuuBien Institute ofForestTree ImprovementandBiotechnology and Wood Quality 1 , NguyenQuocToan Eucalyptus pellita 29 2 , NguyenDucKien IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 : IntegratingGrowth E. pellita E. pellita 2 isachievableand should focus on focus should -3 ; shrinkage

Oral Presentation costs ofbreedingspecificallyforthesesmallorlowvaluemarketsishardtojustify. Eucalypt woodisimportantforsolidproducts,biofuelandcarbonsequestration, but whatever theendproducts. a biorefinery. Increased cellulosecontent andreducedcost of pulping willremainof value factory, with allcomponents of woodhave potential value, transforming the pulpmill into and therearemovestoconsiderthetreemorebroadlyasanaturalproduct quite unclear and the major client for intensive breeding technology. However the future for paper is wood eucalypt grown userofplantation isbyfarthelargest industry and paper The pulp as improvedvolumeyield,adaptationtositeandpestdiseaseresistance. management orprocessingsolutions.Objectivesmustfocusontraitsofgenericvaluesuch Breeding isanexpensiveandlongterm businessandonlyjustified inthe absenceof respond insettingtheirR&Dpriorities. associated challenges to management and how breeders and genetic researchers might years isreviewedwithcommentontheextenttowhichbreedingmightcontribute 30 next the over utilization wood and forestry plantation ofeucalypt development Likely Future Prospectsfor SchoolofBiologicalScience,UTasmania, Hobart, Australia Genetic Improvement Eucalyptus 30

Rod Griffin PlantationsandtheRoleof IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation hole size =50 hole adopted over the testing period, mainly including: 1) tree spacing = 3 × 2 m; 2) planting Conventional silvicultureoperationsformostcommercialeucalyptplantationswere eucalypt species and hybrids at two typical hilly sites in the central western Guangdong. to gain high yield. The present study tested 72 clonal varieties selected from multiple variation andtheir interaction, andselecting best varieties for different planting zones environmental and genetic revealing in critical becomes testing forgenetic sites proper forestlands whereareembeddedwithhugevaryingenvironmentalconditions.Choiceof In China, most of the eucalypt plantations aredistributed inhillyandlow-mountainous Key words and sitesaswell. 18 months old (P<0.01). Genetic correlation was also analyzed between different traits, height. All traits studiedhadstrongageto age geneticcorrelation,particularlythoseafter volume, diameteratbreastheight,treeheightandratioofto tohighlevel,andranked inorderfromhightolowbyindividual traits rangedfrommedium trait. Also increasing over ages, the clonal mean repeatability of tree growth and form was relativelylow,conditions inthisadaptive themajorroleof the environmental indicating (P>0.05). of tree survivaltrendedto The clonalmeanrepeatability increase overagesbut greatly ontreegrowthandformtraits(P<0.001),buttheannualcumulatedsurvivals from year1to6(P<0.001). involved influenced of clonalandenvironment The interaction growth and form traits differed at a high level of statistical significance among clones significant inearlyages(<=2-yr), and reachedsignificantlevelfrom 3 to 6 yearsold. Tree that clonalvariationinannualandcumulatedsurvivalchangedfrominsignificant to respectively, twotestingsiteswith46commonclones. and combined The resultindicated Genetic analysis was carried out to each of two testing sites with 60 and 58 clones weeding; 6)plantedinJune,2007. (N:P:K=15:8:7) appliedseparately for the secondandthird years, eachcombinedwith basal fertilizer(N:P:K=8:15:7)appliedbeforeplanting;5)500goftopdressing

Genetic Analysis of Adaptive andGrowthCharacteristicsfor Short-rotation EucalyptClonesatHillsidesofWest-Central Weirptech BioresourcesLimited,F, 28/F FullviewCourt,32FortressHillRoad, : eucalypt,clone,site,adaptability, growth,repeatability × 50

× 40 cm; 3) tissue-cultured cuttings as planting materials; 4) 300 g of 4) 300 materials; cuttings asplanting 40 cm;3)tissue-cultured Guangdong, SouthChina North Point,HongKong Runpeng Wei 31 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation of severalcommercialpartners. programs this approachinbreeding programs willbediscussed.Currentlyweareapplying assumed heritabilityofthetrait.Integrationtechnologyintoexistingtreeimprovement orchard. on the of 0.60to0.90depending to accuracies equate abilities These predictive Similarly, in 0.45 forgrowth. and yield – MBVs) of0.68forpulp values marker breeding and phenotype growing in a different environment we observed a predictive ability (correlation between When weappliedthis model to predict thesetraits in anunrelatedclonaltestingpopulation prediction model using small numbers of markers associated with pulp yield and growth. E. dunnii for predictingdifferent traitsinallspecies.Forexample, We tested this method in several species of eucalypts including expensive andtime-consumingtrainingpopulationssuchasthoserequiredbyGS. unrelated populationsanddistinctenvironmentsdoesnot require the development of genes that regulate traits of interest. AS provides robust predictions of genetic merit in to target selection-AS) a method(allelic markers, wehavedeveloped of randomlyspaced followed livestock research into agenomic selection (GS) approach that uses thousands has community breeding tree the of much While selection. early through cycle breeding lead to larger genetic gains by increasing the selection intensity andshortening the development ofmarker-assistedselection(MAS)technologies. Application ofMASwill selecting seedlings using their DNA profiles has led to significant investments in the The impact on theprofitabilityofeucalypt-basedindustries that mayberealizedfrom Bala Thumma,SaravananThavamanikumar, JeremyBrawnerandSimonSoutherton Gondwana GenomicsPtyLtd:1Wilf CraneCrescent Yarralumla ACT 2600 Australia , Applying Marker-assistedSelectioninEucalypts E. camalduensis E. dunnii we observedapredictiveabilityof 0.50 for pulp yieldinaclonalseed , E. grandis and and 32 E. pellita . We accuracies robust observed IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. globulus E. nitens wedevelopeda , E. globulus ,

Oral Presentation Currently,

the rooting thus enabling the viable commercial propagation and deployment of and deployment propagation commercial the viable the rootingthusenabling due torecalcitrant rooting. Numerous initiatives are described in thispaper to ameliorate and and paperproduction.Disadvantagesofthespeciesincludesusceptibilitytofrost,snow cellulose for chemical woodproperties and desirable early flowering stem form,abundant within South Africa. Advantages ofthe species include fastgrowthonpoorsites, good Key words cuttings comparedtoseedlings. Early indications have suggested superior initial survival and growth of 60%. of genetic selection to clonally propagate to 58%.Variationrooting feasibility indicating population the species in rootingexistswithin dunnii recently, the effect of cutting position on the mini-hedge has beeninvestigated. For rooting makingcommercialpropagationviacuttingsviableat53%success.More 2011,resulted infaster to and better mini-hedges foliarfertiliserapplication supplemental 45%.In to percentage rooting the increased enhancements andthese adopted were 37%. Various techniques to improve the vegetative propagation success of the species Comparatively, mini-hedgesplanted insandbedsrooted significantly better than bagsat mother stockplantsinbagsand providing goodplantnutrition yielded a rooting of 32%. rooting slightlyto15%.In2008,growing species inanoutdoorclonebankonlyimproved proved futilewithrootingfromfieldcoppicerecordedat13%.Efforts tohedgethe South Within efforts initial Africa, 1990’s inthelate propagate tovegetatively cuttings whichoffer superiorfibregainoverseedlings. The JourneytoSuccessfulCommercialPropagationand , harvesting coppice shoots from particular positions on the mini-hedge has improved , harvestingcoppiceshootsfromparticularpositionsonthemini-hedgehasimproved Eucalyptus dunnii : mini-cuttings, Deployment of Eucalyptus dunnii snout . The species istypically propagated via seed is a widely plantedtemperatespeciesonSappi land holdings Damien Naidu Eucalyptus dunnii Sappi Forests 33 E. dunnii , propagation,rooting * , NickyJones andfurther enhancerooting to above IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Cuttings E. dunnii E. dunnii E. dunnii mini- E. E.

Oral Presentation generally the best buffers which could provide better results in of nucleireleasedfromsampletissue. According totheresultofthisstudy, LB01were coefficient of variation of DNA peaks, presenceof debris backgroundandthe number nuclei, iodide-stained of propidium forward (FS)andside(SS)lightscatters,fluorescence samples fromleaftissues of buffersSix (Galbraith’s, Otto’s, LB01, Tris.MgCl2, prepare to used WPB)were GPBand plants fromdiploidplants. leaf colour. This apparent characteristics couldoffer certain helpto recognizetetraploid characteristics, tetraploid plants have thicker leaves, about 2 times larger leaves, darker the inductivity rate is relatively lower. Compared with diploid plants on morphological with usualspecies, height reached30centimetersorso.Compared so whentheseedling colchicine. All ofthesegenotypescangrowwell. The proportionofintact tetraploidis5%or plantlets of clone DH32-29 of According to this analysis result of flow cytometry, tetraploid, mixoplioidy and aneuploid the outcomeofDNA flowcytometry, thenewbornleavescangetbestoutcome. old leaves.GPBbufferthe worstbuffers. wasgenerally The tendencyofleafiscrucialfor in chemical composition. This study wasto select the appropriate buffer for facilitate itsstoichiometric staining. Although nuclearisolationbuffers differ considerably to preserve nuclearintegrity,formulas weredeveloped protect DNA and from degradation which are stained using a DNA-specific Fluor chrome prior to analysis. Various buffer DNA flow cytometry of Research InstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Guangzhou,510520,P. R.China. Optimization ofNuclearIsolationBuffersforPlantDNA Flow **Corresponding author. E-mail:[email protected] Eucalyptus * firstauthor. E-mail:[email protected] Cytometry of C. Han*,J.M.Xu**,Su, Y. T. Su Eucalyptus Eucalyptus requires preparation of suspensions of intact nuclei, 34 . The following parameters were assessed: were all obtained with the introduction of Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus with relatively Eucalyptus .

Oral Presentation problem oftechnologyprocessing,andpromotedtheeucalyptusindustrydevelopment. decorating in the faceveneers, has solvedtheeucalyptusplywood The keytechnologies step bystep, veneers, thermo-compression poplar and veneers of eucalyptus hybridizing inpieceveneer,such asspindle-lesslathes,thepatching themodifiedadhesive, the stressisbig, the veneercrackaremany. InChina,withthetechnologicalinnovation, industry , levelsmall,yieldof the green veneerislow,prominent questionisthediameter in the processing process, difficulty in bonding.When the wood was used in the veneer distortion the twist, to easy bad, is stability size the crack, internal the and shrinkage dry production inChina,buttheeucalyptuswoodhashighgrowthstress, easy to have the The eucalyptus woodmainly uses inthe papermaking, the fiberboard, andthe plywood Chinese ResearchInstituteofWoodIndustry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Beijing,10091,China The InnovationofDevelopingandTechnologies inChinese Eucalyptus Zhilin Chen Veneer’s Industry 35 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation chemimechanical pulping,pulpingperformance Key words the directionalcultivationofeucalyptpulpwoodforest. reference for a theoretical provides which are summarized, fiber rawmaterials Eucalyptus recommended. The scientificissuesthatshouldbepaidattentiontothedevelopmentof and chemi-mechanicalprocesswereregressedappropriate Eucalyptus spp. were process pulping chemical using species vs. Eucalyptus performance of pulping Relations suitability evaluation of commercial woodchips of major Eucalyptus spp. grown in China. component of fibrous rawmaterials supplyillustrated indetail. Comparisonandpulping the China’s of analyzed, was situation current industry The papermaking and pulping Institute ofChemicalIndustryForestProducts,Chinese Academy ofForestry, 210042Nanjing, Fast GrowingEucalyptTrees –the Applicable Solutionfor Sustainable DevelopmentofChina’s PulpingIndustry : Pulpingandpapermaking,Eucalyptusspp.,chemicalpulping, Guigan Fang,KuizhongShenand Yongjun Deng Jaingsu, PRC 36 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation Over thelastfewdecadesglobalexpansionof review thescienceonwateruseby planning. use andwaterresource land to results ofarecentproject present will This paper situation specific there are general principles that can guideunderstanding andassist in unique sequenceof weather betweenplantingandharvest. While plantationwateruseis a and experiences of siteandclimaticconditions combination under aunique established studies in Brazil andChina have reached very different conclusions. Every plantation is reputation islargelyuntestedintropicalandmonsoonalclimatesthefewcomplete resources. accompanied bylegitimateconcernsabouttheireffect onlocalpeopleandnatural should bethefocusoffutureefforts inSE Asia. that area offoresthydrology researched catchments. Dryseasonflowisanunder upland even indryyearsbutmayhavesomeimportanteffectsrainfall ofdryseasonflowinsmall runoffto reduce annual are unlikely and inCentralGuangxiplantations toless than30%of China. IncentralandSouthernVietnam, Central andNorthern Thailand, SouthernLaos Thailand andNorthern Vietnam andGuangdong andSouthern Guangxi provinces in predicted runoff wasnearly50%ofrainfallthroughoutMalaysia,Indonesia,Southern of SouthEasternChina,Laos,Vietnam, years and Indonesia.Eveninlowrainfall Thailand the potentialwateruseby A steadystatemodelandamonthlywater balance modeldevelopedwereusedtoestimate Asia andChina. for assessing the potential impact on water resources of plantation establishment in SE Donald White Sciences; 4.KasetsartUniversity;5.UniversityofTasmania; 6.National Agricultural andForestResearch Water UsebyPlantationsof Using EstablishedPrinciplesandSimpleModelstoQuantify (1.Murdoch University;2.GuangxiForestResearchInstitute;3.Vietnamese Academy ofForest Eucalyptus 1,5 Institute Laos;7.ChineseEucalyptResearchCentre;8.SalwoodPacificPL) , RenShiqi specieshaveaparticularreputationforhighratesofwateruse. This 7 , Roger Arnold , 2 , Tran LamDong Eucalyptus 7 , DongyunXiang Eucalyptus plantations in the major plantation growing regions growing in themajorplantation plantations 3 , JetsadaWongprom Eucalyptus 37 plantations and develop and applyatool and develop plantations 2 , StephenMidgley Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 4 , KhamphoneMounlamia in SE Asia andChina plantationshasbeen 8 6 , Apeng Du , Apeng

Oral Presentation was established in2002withthe was established purposeto establish 120 000-130haof natural forest. Guangxi Stora Enso Forestry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “SEGX”) welfare forestand public of plantation, within theexistingecosystemswithcombination biodiversity. on impacts biodiversity of changes the tomonitor need isa there Therefore, managed eucalypt plantationsmighthaveunexpected expressed concernsthat intensively richness of biodiversity. Some government authorities and members of the public have Autonomous Region, whichisrankedasthe third provinceleadinginChinafor Eucalyptus Bird and Plant Diversity of Stora Enso’s Since the cycle from establishment through to harvesting of to harvesting through from establishment the cycle Since plantations were selected. Birds and plants will be the focus of biodiversity monitoring. be compared. forest areaswill TotallyStora EnsoForestry’ssites inGuangxi 10 monitoring and managementmeasuresbothin Differences andthe dynamics of biodiversity inplantationsof different ages, landcondition as wellimproveeffectiveness ofmanagementresponsesforbetterpractices. is expectedto enhance stakeholders’ of its understanding potential impactsonbiodiversity approach. a participatory through monitoring biodiversity sound monitoring The long-term and conservation. In2010,SEGX and FFI for carryingoutindependent began cooperation referred to as “FFI”)isanon-government organization which focusesonbiodiversity fiber basein total land areainsouthof Guangxi. FaunaandFloraInternational(hereinafter critical habitats ofsomebirds critical habitats non-eucalypt woodlands/forests can keep high biodiversity and can become refuges and results havealready presented some interesting findings. The first key result wasthat Since 2011,has beenconducted. monitoring totally4yearsofbiodiversity The monitoring takes 6to7years,themonitoringwillbecontinuedforatleastyears. than that of and bird diversity in non-eucalyptwoodland/forestmonitoring areas were much higher to 3.11 in2014from2.822011.density numbers ofbirdspecies,population Meanwhile, 3.27 in2014from0.962011. The diversityindex(Shannon-wienerindex) also increased 58 in2014from352011;to increased density (individuals/ha) the population meanwhile increase year by yearfrom 2011 to 2014. The numbersof bird speciesalsoincreasedto burning forsitepreparationbeforeplantation establishment. possible and appropriate. We also suggest SEGX should, as a priority, forbid the use of management of non-eucalypt woodlandsandforests andrestore natural vegetation if Based initialmonitoringresult,wesuggested thatSEGXshouldmakebestuseand as (such species plantations. The non-eucalyptwoodlands/forestscankeepdiversityof important tree The plantdiversityofnon-eucalyptwoodlands/forests washigherthanthatof monitoring sitesof Eucalyptus plantations have undergone rapid development in Guangxi Zhuang Project Manager, Fauna&FloraInternationalChinaProgramme Litsea glutinosa Litsea Eucalyptus plantations. For plant diversity, the diversityof plant speciesin10 of SouthernGuangxi,China . The diversityofbirdsin plantations wasincreasedyearbyfrom 2011 to 2014. ) which can offer can ) which birds’ some for sites nesting species. Eucalyptus Xingfeng Zhao 38 plantation and non-eucalyptus woodland/ plantation andnon-eucalyptus Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus plantations was foundto plantations plantations usually plantations Plantations Eucalyptus Eucalyptus

Oral Presentation of forest. The runoff characters of for to were studied scientific evaluationof provide guidance water conservationcapacities amounting to37.99m 125.0 mm,while 284.65m ha, respectively, while those of processes massoniana The runoff and runoff processes of results showthattheannualrunoff andtherunoff coefficient of heavy rainfallandcontinuousonthe runoff processes werestudied.Experimental the automatic data collection devicesfrom August, 2013to July, 2014, andeffects of were continuously monitored usingthe smallwatershed runoff monitoring method and were significant to147.5 mm)betweenthetwokindsofforestwatershed heavy rainfallprocess(amounting runoff duration, timelags,maximumrunoff of rainfall, andrunoff amountscausedby a forest watershedwere3193.78m and therunoff volumewas100.44m Key words watershed were 1077.28 m 1.Guangxi University, Nanning530004,P.R. China;2.GuangxiZhuang Autonomous RegionHydraulic Preliminary StudyoftheRunoffandProcessesTwo 3 /ha, respectively. : forestisobviouslybetterthan Pinus massoniana Hongwen Liang different: those of P. massoniana 3 /ha witha7dayscontinuousprecipitationprocessofrainfall Research Institute,Nanning530001,P.R. China Kinds ofForestWatersheds 1 , JinchuanGuo Eucalyptus 3 /ha and 8.16%, respectively, while that of forest, forestwatershedproducedcontinuously13daysrunoff, P. massoniana 3 /ha and24.2%,respectively. When therewasnorunoff, Eucalyptus Eucalyptus 3 Eucalyptus /ha. In conclusion, water conservation capacity of /ha. Inconclusion,waterconservation Eucalyptus forest watershed produced only 4 days runoff 2 39 , Wei Pan Eucalyptus forest were 13.8 h, 0.2 h and 355.76 m and forest watershed were 35.5 h, 0.7 h and and forest, watershed, runoff volume, runoff 2 , RonghuiLi Pinus massoniana forest. P. massoniana IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 , XiaoqiongLi forest watersheds Eucalyptus forest watersheds P. massoniana 1 forest P. P. 3 /

Oral Presentation Why during therainyseason. to floods prone that are areas key low-lying of thisstudyistoidentify objective The overall The objective: to floodriskmitigation. increases infiltrationofwaterintothesoilthuscontributing constantly floodedlandscapes and roads. This studyisbasedonthe premisethat, planting trees belts acrosslow-lying it increases soil salinity andwater loggingaswell destroying farmlands, homesteads floods. rise resultingintoaggressive decreases soilfertilitywhile These constantflooding the rainyseason. during constantly flooded At theonsetofrainyseason,watertables There are no drainage systems in low-lying coastal areas of which are experiments. sciences andvisualization tools andaddressingthe needfor more, longer-term field multiple scales.Other prioritiesforfurtherworkinclude,strengthening thelinkbetween andlocalenvironmentatwork isneededtounderstandtheinteractions betweenfloods discerned. However, inorderto elucidate the true valueof landusemanagement, more in terms ofreducingfloodpeaks. At largerscales, impacts onflood flowscouldnotbe scale atthat significant be can planting tree low-footprint of benefits potential the that, scale catchmentscan be identified when moving from intensively farmed. This indicates and not supported bylocal monitoring. Also that, significant effects on floodflowsat small that, effectson thepremise The studyisbased surface floodscanbe large scale onlocal Conclusion: The studyexpects: Expected Results: pruned toencouragegrowth. strips atthestartofrainyseason. branches and theirlower were weeded The saplings trees) fromestablishednurserieswereplantedinrowsabout5mwide,separatedby5-10m In BekoraBarombiofSouthWest Cameroon,1000saplingsofages1-2years(young The Method: Due to: Eucalyptus ------Eucalyptus prevention methods Improvement inknowledgeonsoilandwaterconservationaswellerosion Increase inwoodfortimberandfuelproduction Biodiversity enhancementandavailabilityofrecreationalarea Improvement ofsoilstructure,loweringacidity, waterloggingandsalinity Increased Land-userincomes Increased cropproduction Reclamation ofdegradedland its capacitytostorecarbonwhichmakesitusefulinclimatechangemitigation tolerance toincreasingsoilsalinityandwaterlogging suitability forwindbreaks it isdeeprooted Department ofForestManagement,BeijingForestryUniversity, China ? Trees forBiologicalDrainageasaClimateChange Adaptation andMitigationStrategy Beckline Mukete 40 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation Key words sustainable eucalyptplantationforestryisto bemaintained. if is required for forestry research as support as well strategies, breeding associated and capacity intreehealthmanagement in human forestry practices,anincrease responsible development. plantation trade and responsible increase Trainingof the application in, and industries willcontinueto suffer losses from pests. A concerted effort is clearlyneeded to effective quarantine,both at thelevelsofgovernmentsandinternally within companies, undermining yearsof investment inforestry andforestry research. Without more forward and two steps back. The continued movement of plant material is essentially totakingonestep strictermanagementofplantmovement issimilar breeding, without management strategies including for example, biological control programmes and tree to face challenges from increasing numbers of eucalypt pests. The investment inpest implementation ofso-called“newtechnologies”,forestryindustriesarelikelytocontinue specialists andtreebreedersseekingto reduce the impact of these pests. Even withthe also apparently gainingmomentum. This is placing significant strain on plant health With the globalization of forestry companies, this appears to beagrowing trend that is these newenvironments viathe movementofasymptomatic, infected plant material. over time. in theirappearance and regularity number reach commonly The pestsinvolved the appearanceofpestsinplantationsnon-nativeeucalyptshaveshownincreases resilience to pest infestation/infection, significant losses often result. Studies monitoring these situations, where the trees typically have lower levels of genetic diversity and have movedintothesenewenvironmentswhereeucalyptsbeenestablished.In in theirnewenvironments.However, overtime,pests(includingpathogensandinsects) forestry speciesfromtheirnaturalenemieshasallowedthesetreestogrowvigorously enemies, i.e. “enemy release”. This “release”of eucalypts, as well as other plantation has beenattributed, at least inpart, to the separation of these trees from their natural The success of plantation forestry utilizing non-native species, such as eucalypts, Tree ProtectionCo-operativeProgramme(TPCP),Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute

One StepForward,Two StepsBack:ManagingEucalypt Jolanda Roux,BrettHurley, JeffGarnas,BernardSlippers,MichaelJ.Wingfield : Quarantine,fungalpathogens,insectpests (FABI), UniversityofPretoria,South Africa Pests forSustainableForestry [email protected] 41 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Oral Presentation and researchneedsidentified. climate extremesandwateravailability.constraints areconsidered Optionsforminimising discussed includewiltdiseaseandgallwaspdamage, soilinfertility andcompaction, examples of emergingproblems within natural eucalypt forests. Examples of constraints events in Australia, Malaysia, Vietnam and China. For Australia, this will also include changes in climate might exacerbate their impact. Information will be drawn from recent established andneweucalypt plantations inthe Asia-Pacific region andreflect onhow in stressors biotic and abiotic in trends and occurrences recent examine will paper This known abiotic causes of continue to tree under-performance surpriseplantationmanagers. plantations. However, new pestsanddiseaseoutbreaks continue to emerge and well industrial in grown first were eucalypts since ever managed and documented been have Abiotic and biotic constraints to the success and productivity of eucalyptplantations (2) Abiotic andBioticStressorsConstrainingProductivityof Forest ProtectionResearchCentre,Vietnamese Academy ofForestSciences,Hanoi, Vietnam (3) Research InstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Guangzhou,China Bernard Dell (1) Eucalypt Plantationsinthe Asia-Pacific Region School ofVeterinary andLifeSciences,MurdochUniversity, Perth, Australia (1) , PhamQuangThu (4) Boden and Associates, Queensland, Australia Queensland, and Associates, Boden (2) , DapingXu 42 (3) , DavidBoden IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 (4) ,Richard Harper (1)

Oral Presentation sustainable research results willsupport integrated strategies for disease management to ensure a in tolerance and toscreenfordisease of thepathogens biology and diversity genetic distribution, the understand accurately more to seek should studies pathogens thatthreaten similar to the experiences of other countries.In future, more extensiveresearchregarding the number of diseaseproblemson to select resistant material for commercial planting inthe future. There islittle doubt that the susceptibilityoftheseclonesto the testedfungi. This clearlyindicatesanopportunity grown We have conducted field trials to test the pathogenicity of these fungi on commercially in China. that theymighthaveevolved isvery high, suggesting some ofthesepathogens solanacearum for pulpandpaper. Currently,of hectares 4.6 million approximately demand rapidly inChinaduringthepastthreedecadestomeetincreasing expanded by species of by species Mycosphaerellaceae, and stem canker/wiltcausedbyspeciesofBotryosphaeriaceae, several diseaseandpestproblemshaveemergedintheseplantations.Diseasesinclude of rapidly growing have beenestablishedinSouthChina.Focusthepasthasonselection of trees,especiallyspecies forestrybasedfast-growing Plantation 2 1 Forestry and Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), UniversityofPretoria, 0028,South China EucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),ZhanJiang524022, ShuaiFei Chen Teratosphaeria Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus . Contemporary studies have shown that the species and genetic diversity of diversity genetic and that thespecies shown have studies . Contemporary Botrytis 1,2* clonesandresults haveshownthat there aresignificant differences in , GuoQingLi Eucalyptus * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] PlantationDiseaseResearchinChina:Past, , leaf blight/spot caused by species of Teratosphaeriaceae, industryinChina. and and Calonectria Eucalyptus Calonectria 1 , FeiFeiLiu clones. However, duringthe course of the last decade, Present andFuture GuangDong Province,China and healthinChinawillneedtobeconducted. These Eucalyptus 1 , JieQiongLi Wingfield , and bacterial wilt associated with with associated wilt bacterial , and 43 Quambalaria Africa 2 speciesinChinawillcontinue to grow, 1 , QianLiLiu , seedling stem/leaf rot caused IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1 Ceratocystis , JolandaRoux Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus, , 2 clones.Such Chrysoporthe , MichaelJ. plantations Ralstonia has

Oral Presentation and (FABI), BiotechnologyInstitute Agricultural ofPretoria,PrivateBagX20,Hatfield,Pretoria University genetic diversity Key words southern Africa. nature of the Ugandan population suggests a very recent introduction, most likely from populations supports theviewthat the pathogen wasintroducedinto Africa. The clonal dominated bytheMulanjepopulationinMalawi.Moderatetolowgeneticdiversityof the an admixed group. High levels of admixture were found within and among populations, and Zambiaaswell Malawi, Mozambique by isolatesfromtheZambezibasinincluding existence of three genetic groups, one dominated by isolates from South Africa, another conducted in STRUCTURE, UPGMA and principal component analysis revealed the for assignment, differentiation, genetic diversity and recombination tests. Bayesian analysis population. The data from 334 isolates, amplified across eight microsatellite loci, were used for Zambia. Data obtained werecomparedwiththosepreviouslypublished a South African in and Uganda Mozambique, sites inMalawi, from several collected Africa. Isolateswere of itsmovement markers togainanimprovedunderstanding using microsatellite analysed Interestingly, several countries ineastern andsouthern Africa, south-east Asia andcentral America. in South discovered from has beenreported Africa in1988.Sincethattime,thepathogen Teratosphaeria stem canker of their origin.Inthisstudy, thepopulationstructureand geneticdiversityof a Department ofPlantProductionandSoilScience,ForestSciencePostgraduateProgramme,Forestry Eucalyptus b Department ofMicrobiologyandPlantPathology, FABI, UniversityofPretoria,PrivateBagX20, Three GeneticGroups Amongst African Isolatesofthe c Bindura UniversityofScienceEducation(BUSE),P. Bag1020,Bindura,Zimbabwe : Admixture, evolutionary history, multi-locusgenotype, populationstructure, T . zuluensis StemCankerPathogen L Jimu isnotknownin Australia wheremost ac , SF Chen Hatfield, Pretoria0028,South Africa Eucalyptus b 0028, South Africa 0028, , MJWingfield 44 caused by b , EMwenje Teratosphaeria zuluensis IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Teratosphaeria zuluensis c , JRoux Eucalyptus b T . zuluensis specieshave was were were

Oral Presentation Key words the exoticplantations. and cultivationmethodsof to thissituationshouldbescientificplanning countermeasures pestsincreasedamages tocropsandwildtreesorshrubs.Management these indigenous of that outbreaks evidence growing in localecosystems,thereisalso pests areemerging is a situation that more and more harmful species and bigger populations of endemic high fecundity, on account of the rich food resources and weaker control functions. This with populations adaptive into evolve trees, and eucalyptus forced tofeedon are insects unexpected native pests andpathogens infecting eucalyptus, and rates ofinvasive from theirnaturalenemies.Duetoincreasing have beenseparated attributed tothefact that trees is largely plantations managed Success oftheseintensively Eucalyptus such as with nodamagesrecorded,evenspeciesrarelyencounteredinlocalforestecosystems, regional harmful or eruptive eucalyptus pests; most seriously, more andmore species Darna trima Walker, eruptive eucalyptuspest; widespread more andlatentcroppests like history, the eruptive endemic pest that haveafeedingpreferenceforeucalyptus,becometheeucalyptuspestsatsoonest; host shiftsoflocalinsectsappearstobeinitiativeandpassive,somespeciesliketermites, LaSalle, on eucalyptus inChina. Among them, just afew species like concerns. According to the investigationandreports, over 400speciesof pests feed However, ofbiohazard. risk agrowing facing causeserious still impacts ecological the construction due to the large-scale eruptive eucalyptuspests. and community the nativevegetation As aresultofdestroying (Cramer), Ecological EffectsofEndemicPestson Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionForestryResearchInstitute,Nanning530002,China high fecundity Ectropis grisescens Blastopsylla barbara Jankowskia fuscaria Endoclyla signifier : ecologicaleffects, endemicpests, plantations in southern China have expanded dramatically inthepast30years. plantations insouthernChinahaveexpanded (Moore), Yaojun Wu,MingshanChang,DeweiLi,HuayanHuang,JiLuo Anomala corpulenta andeasy Buzura suppressaria suppressaria

Warren, Walker etc., have alsobeenevolvingintoregionalharmfulor Li, etc., canbeidentified to beinvasive. The courseof the (Leech), acquisition of host-shift ability, has developed into a vishnou pure in China Eucalyptus 45 Suaoa dicisa Motschulsky, etc., have been evolving into Eucalyptus Lefebure,

plantations, many local IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus plantations (More), (Guenee), for Anua indiscriminata Leptocybe invasa Eucalyptus Compsogenepanopus Plantations plantations are heterophagous Orgyia postica its short Fisher & Moore, life

Oral Presentation Native to Australasia, Native forestry, pesthomogenization Key words of eucalyptpests. against therapidaccrualandhomogenization resilience to provide options willberequired the sustainabilityofeucalyptforestryworldwide,anexpandedsuitemanagement to occurbeingpoorlyunderstoodorunknown. In these invasions orderto ensure allowing spread of invasive organisms appearsto be ineffective at a global scale,with pathways the aimed atreducing of firstintroductionoutsidethenativerange.Quarantineregulations introductions was found. In addition, only a small number of countries have been the points Surprisingly, ornew ofpests number the and planted area between association no decades. Furthermore, the rate of secondary spread among continents has also increased. number of non-native pests of eucalypts outsideof Australia hasdoubledinlessthanthree the 1980s. five-fold since nearly to haveincreased is shown introductions As aresult,the distribution of these insects, as well as management options are considered. The rate of of Australia. We examinepatternsandpotentialtrendswithrespect totheglobalspread of spread and by theintroduction threatened increasingly However, the sustainability of 5 Department ofGenetics,Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), UniversityofPretoria, 3 2 Centro deEstudosFlorestais(CEF),InstitutoSuperior Agronomia, Technical UniversityofLisbon, 4 Department ofMicrobiologyandPathology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), Centre forInvasionBiology, DepartmentofBotanyandZoology, StellenboschUniversity, Matieland 1 Eucalyptus Brett P. Hurley Global PatternsofSpreadInvasiveInsectsonEucalypts Department ofZoologyandEntomology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), : biological invasions, -feeding insects.Likely pathways of introduction and drivers of the rapid 1 , JeffGarnas Eucalyptus University ofPretoria,0002,South Africa University ofPretoria,0002,South Africa 1 , MichaelJ.Wingfield Eucalyptus Pretoria, 0002,South Africa is one of the most planted genera of trees in the world. of treesin genera of themost planted isone Eucalyptus 7602, South Africa 7602, Bernard Slippers Lisbon, Portugal 46 as plantation species innon-native areas are , bridgehead effect, pathway management, 2 , ManuelaBranco 5 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus 3 , DavidM. -feeding insects from -feeding Richardson 4 ,

Oral Presentation outlined. markets. Technology andproductrequirementstoproducehighvalue returnswillbe export are likelyinbothdomesticandinternational resource for thissawlog opportunities to beimprovedto producehighquality andhighvaluesawnproducts. Future marketing However, needs and poor generally is technology drying and sawing available currently of existing genetic resources andwillcomplement this with newspeciesintroductions. hasawealth China hybrids. their and species parent various the of ofpropagation ease the on The sawlog resource willencompassclonesandselectedfamilyprogeniesdepending importance toproducehighyieldandsawnproductquality. traits of with theselection along will bediscussed management for sawlog recommended for propensitytosplitandsawingperformance. The rangeofspeciesandhybrid options to screen a need and stem straightness on emphasis a stronger perhaps with for sawlogs in theCEBAtraits emphasised saw logs.Mostselection are thoserequired plans breeding Alliance (CEBA)provideavaluablebasefor hybridisation andpurespeciesselection for of theChineseEucalyptBreeding theco-operativemanagement of thekeyspeciesunder the current eucalypt resource is well suited for sawn timber products. The large populations some additional high quality sawlog options. Nevertheless, much of the genetic base for for pulpandpaperproductsnewintroductionsspeciestrialsareneededtoprovide Some good saw log species were trialled but not persisted with due to their lower suitability hybrids that were developed for pulpandpaperhavebeenutilised for veneerlogs. Eucalypt plantation genetic resources inChinaencompass arangeof keyspecies and saw-log rotationsof15-18yearsthatwouldbenefitsomesites. longer in interest generated and sustainability term long about concerns some created ply woodproductscommonlyrangefrom 3 to 7 years. These short rotation lengthshave also developed to supply structural form-ply panels. Rotation lengths for wood chip and infrastructure was undertaken overthelasttwodecades a veneer andplywood industry economy grew and massive scaleurbanhigh-riseconstruction, transport androad industry. paper and pulp domestic developing the tosupply was expansion As China’s China’s plantation eucalypt resourcehasexpandedrapidlysincethe 1980’s. Initially this 1. UniversityofSunshineCoast,Qld, Australia; 2.GuangxiForestResearchInstitute,Guangxi,China Developing aPlantationEucalyptSawLogTimber Resource Kevin Harding for SouthernChina 47 1,2 , Dongyun Xiang IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2

Oral Presentation expand itsapplicationprospect. utilization of improver, and other products. This article summarizesthe current situationof research and feedmeatquality antioxidants,cosmeticadditives,feedantioxidant, developed intofood environmental andspices. As anatural antioxidant, Eucalyptus of activepolyphenolswhichincludephloroglucinolcompounds,flavonoidsandtannins. including aromatic, aliphatic andterpenoids. which may be composed of dozens or even hundreds of different ingredients mainly year. Studies showed that chemical compositionof of number andalarge country Eucalyptus Current ResearchandUtilizationofEssentialOil essential oil are widely used in the fields of food, chemical, pharmaceutical, offood,chemical, usedinthefields arewidely oil essential isalargegenusoftheMyrtaceaefamily. They areplantedwidelyinour Eucalyptus College of Food Polyphenols from essential oil and polyphenols from essentialoilandpolyphenols Yong Cao, Yunjiao Chen,Wei Li,RongweiTan Guangzhou, Guangdong Science, Eucalyptus South China Agricultural University, 48 leavesarewastedaftertheproductioneach Eucalyptus Eucalyptus 510642, Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus leavesalsohasalargenumber China Eucalyptus Leaves essential oilis complicated,

polyphenolscanbe leaves,andfurther

Oral Presentation being air-dried. available forrecovery(43.2%9yoand40.2%7sites),with boardscurrently expected to produce data in time for presentation at the conference. Initial results are Analysis of the solid wood (drying degrade, dynamicMOE)iscurrently ongoing but height inthetree. increasing from taken logs at lessening end-splitting of incidence the with end-splitting Significant degrade of the butt logwas observed dueto bit termite attack, heart-rot and acoustic velocityrangedfrom3.34to4.20km/sacrossthetwosites. m and26.3cmforthe9yostand26.622.67stand.Log-level been adopted inrecent years. Meanheight andDBHfor the standing trees was25.0 progressive pruningnotbeinginplaceduringtheearliersilviculturalregimewhichhas fraction wasofsufficient appearancequalityduetothepresence ofknots. This isdueto requirements. Although 0.6 mmface-backveneerwasabletoberecovered,onlyasmall emission and mechanical properties, with shear, strength and stiffness exceeding JAS Plywood produced from the veneer using a UF resin passed JAS standards for F1 second logwassawntoproducesolidtimber. butt, third and fourth logs were peeledto either face-backor produce core veneerwhilethe felling. Individual logs(2.6 m) weresimilarlymeasured using the Fibre-Gen HT200. The via Fakopp. From initial measurement a total of 10 trees were selected at each site for Standing treeswereassessedforgrowthandformtheiracousticvelocitymeasured peeling studyof7yoand9 Australia andinVietnam. This study describes initial data obtained from asawing and of end-use wood data onthesolid species but it is also wellsuitedto solid woodend-use. There is relatively littlepublished Guinea. New Sumatra, asapulp particularly in Indonesia, established iswell The species island of Borneo in the last twenty years with provenances from Queensland and Papua Eucalyptus pellita Assessment ofPlantation-Grown Hii Sii YewHii 2. 1. was introduced totheSarawakandSabahStatesofMalaysiaon wasintroduced Meder Consulting,POBox3185,BrackenRidge,QLD4017, Australia 1 , HaKiiSu Jaya Tiasa, PusatSuriaPermata,Sibu,Sarawak96000,Malaysia Malaysia forSolidWood Utilisation 1 , NguiMingLung E. pellita E.pellita growninSarawak. 49 1 , SatoJunior Ak Penguang apart fromsomerecentworkinQueensland, Eucalyptus pellita IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1 , RogerMeder inBorneo, 2

Oral Presentation analyzed the prospects andproblemsof planting of thecountry.the hugedemandofruralpeople in fulfilling contributing The presentpaper the species in marginal, homestead, agroforestry and private lands are significantly and wideradaptabilityof the speciesinadiverserangeof lands. A wider scopeof planting getting priorityinprivateplantationprogramsbecauseofitsquickgrowth,earlyreturn, species furthermore inForest Department plantation programs. However, the speciesis became anissueandthe Bangladeshgovernment issuesanordernot to planting the country. Eucalyptplanting But,thecontroversiesofenvironmentaldegradationdueto provenance wasfound suitable andpromisingfor largescaleplantation programsinthe Three species of in Bangladesh. Following aseriesoffield trials, huge demand of timber, pole, post and firewood of the country since the late 1980’s brassiana small holdersinmostareasofBangladesh. and outstanding growth and productivity of the species make it a top priority species for Farmers planting the speciesinhomesteads, marginallands, andagroforestry programs in anaimto resolve thecontroversyoflargescaleplantationprograms of growth performancesofthespeciesinfieldandpeople’s perceptionacrossthecountry Eucalyptus camaldulensis wererecommendedfor large-scaleplanting with the aimoffulfilling the Eucalyptus Chittagong University, Chittagong-4331,Bangladesh Institute ofForestryandEnvironmentalSciences Planters inBangladesh E-mail: [email protected] , e.g. Mohammed KamalHossain Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. tereticornis —aPrioritySpeciesofPrivate 50 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 in Bangladeshbasedon the Eucalyptus –Petford and E. E. .

Oral Presentation can beusedtoidentifyfunctionalmarkersfor taggingwaterstresstolerancein inPEGwater stressresponsesin induced are likelytobeinvolved developed inthe present study helpedinidentifying anumber of candidate genes that The coordinatedanalysisofgeneexpression patterns andco-expressionnetwork dioxygenase, photolyase/blue-lightreceptor, raffinose synthase familyproteinandosmotin. superfamily protein,Uridinediphosphateglycosyltransferase, nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid class)family,resistance protein(CC-NBS-LRR hydrolases-like nucleotidealpha Adenine and 60,309edgesusingCytoscape. The topco-expressedhubgenesincludedDisease deprivation with 34 genes. A Co-expression network wasconstructedwith932nodes were from GO to responsive water stimuluswith35genesfollowedby response to water revealed that maximumrepresentation of differentially expressed genes in the array <- 0.8.GOanalysis of >0.8and threshold at fold down-regulated were 567 while regulated 1014 andthefoldexpressionrangedfrom-3.09to5.10. A totalof447geneswere up- The number of differentially expressed genes across control andtreated samples were Cytoscape ver3.1.0. Express v1.5withthresholdof>0.90andtheco-expressionnetworkwasconstructedusing Correlation Coefficient forgenesusingnormalizedexpressionvaluethesoftwareCo- correlation matrixof all shortlistedgeneswasconstructedbycalculatingpair-wisePearson plugin. expressed genesinthearraywasconductedusingCytoscapewithGeneMania A replicates. in threebiological conducted of differentially(GO) analysis ontology The gene color microarrayplatform, wascorrectedusingtheDye-Swapdesign. Experimentswere Twowas doneanddye-specificbiaseffects, dye labeling commonly observedinthetwo- 3359 waterstressresponsivegenesfrom stress responsive genesweredocumentedbymicroarrayanalysis. An arrayrepresenting PEG treatedsamplesafterthreehoursoftreatment. The differential expressionofwater (PEG) treatment and total RNA was isolated from leaves of water treated control and Forty day oldrootedcuttingof candidates inwaterstresstolerance. genes in responsive study was conducted to identify the differentially expressed PEG induced water stress Eucalyptus worldwide, followed by salinity, acidity and low temperature. Ecophysiological studies in Water stress isidentified asamajor abiotic stress limiting growth of plant species Key words species. Networks ofPEGInducedWater stressResponsiveGenesin Expression Analysis andDevelopmentofCo-expression has shown that water is the principal factor limiting stemgrowth. hasshownthatwateristheprincipal The present : Eucalyptus E. grandis Institute ofForestGenetics And Tree Breeding,India Modhumita Dasgupta , co-expression,gene network, waterstress E. grandis and develop gene co-expression networks toidentifymajor co-expression gene anddevelop Eucalyptus grandis glycol was subjectedto -0.225 MPapolyethylene * , Veeramuthu Dharanishanthi 51 E. camaldulensis IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 wasdesignedandprinted. E. grandis . The study . The Eucalyptus

Oral Presentation eucalypt species. improvement, andseedorcharddevelopment, of key coldtolerant partners, onpopulation Centre worksbilaterally,Eucalypt Research the China regions of local orwithsmallgroups The interestsofmost Alliance membersdonotextendtocoolerinland regions;inthese superior hybridandpurespeciesclones. of new to providenewsuperiorparentsfor development these newadvancedpopulations breeding populations to support ongoingrecurrent breeding andselection, andto use this report. From the outset the priorities havebeento develop large,advancedgeneration Work completed bythe in is discussed lessthan10years ago its founding since Alliance grandis, E.urophylla,tereticornis,camaldulensis commercial growers. The key species for this cooperative breeding program are: the magnitude andspeedof genetic gainsinkeycommercialeucalypt speciesto benefit growers onwellplannedandcoordinated improvement programsthat wouldincrease Research Centre,wasformedtobringkeyresearchinstitutesworktogetherwithmajor lypt Industrial Technology Innovation Strategic Alliance”. 1 provinces. Hybridclonesof are inwarmercoastalregionsofsouthernChina,especiallyGuangdongandGuangxi currently has over4.0Mhectaresofeucalyptplantations. China The largestareasofthese So, in 2006 the China Eucalypt Breeding Breeding Eucalypt China the 2006 in So, (CEBA) Alliance breed andprogressbeyondfirstgenerationgeneticmaterial. to made been had very littleprogress and small relatively remained scale on asignificant However, trials. field commercially used then and these from selected clones of number the in included and produced been had families, hybrid of hundreds including families, eucalypt southern Chinaoverthepast30yearsorso. And, uptill2005,andmanythousandsof Substantial resources have been devoted to eucalypt improvement and breeding in maidenii have been sites and yieldsinsuchcooler tolerant speciesthathaveshownthebestadaptation Cold proved ill adapted, due to frequent winter frosts and cold events down to -8 from China’sclones hybrid subtropical and tropical of southernChina, have areas warmer comprise the vast majority of planting stock in these warmer areas. In cooler inland regions Co-operative ImprovementofKeyEucalyptSpeciesinChina The nameofthiscollaborative alliance has sincechanged,itisnowknownasthe“China Euca and E. dunnii E. smithii Roger Arnold 30 MidRenmin Avenue, Zhanjiang,Guangdong524022,P.R. China and at somewhatdrier, higherelevation(>1000 masl)sites. E. benthamii 1 , JianzhongLuo E. grandis E-mail: [email protected] China EucalyptResearchCentre at lower elevations (<1000 m asl), and , E. urophylla 1 , Wangong Lu 52 , E. camaldulensis 1 , ChubiaoWang and IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. pellita 1 , led by the China Eucalypt China the by , led . 1 ,Yan Lin and/or 1 E. globulus E. tereticornis o C or lower. , E. E. E. E. -

Oral Presentation with 80%oftheareafor China in thesouthofGuangxi plantation about 90,000ha is managing StoraEnso Guangxi Key words in Chinaorabroadiswelcomedandnecessary. institutes, universities and withotheragencies, collaboration In theseconditions, obtained. of desiredpollenormothertrees, oryoung field trials arelost before anyresultswere lot ofvaluablegeneticmaterialhavebeenlost,andbreedersfrequentlyshortages by local people, livestock and etc. Due to these difficulties some important trials and a The maindifficulties includetyphoons,variousdiseases,anddisturbancetofieldtrials development. clone and breeding tree for environment challenging very a SEGX has planted in2016. be will and twonewclones planting for smallscalecommercial was triedin2012-13 clone with goodMAI, wood propertiesandtyphoonresistanceforpilotscaleplanting.Onenew 660 andnearly1,000newcloneshavebeentested. About 30cloneshavebeenidentified the fivepurespecies. trials exceeds families inprogeny The numberofcontrol-pollinated As of 2015, atotalof January families havebeentestedinfieldtrialsfor 2250 purespecies the treeimprovement. stage fieldtestprogram. Tissueto assist in 2012 by thecompany was developed Culture Clones aredeveloped from thebest trees among hybrid progeny andtestedin a three in1980sfive project cooperation ofSino-Australia ontheexperience Based development trees at young age. It is estimated about that four years willbereduced for the clone to selectthepotential selection the useofgenomic begin toresearch 10 years.SEGXwill and updatedin2015. Traditionalhas ledtomanynewcloneswilltakeabout tree breeding clones for chemical pulping. A formal breeding strategy documentwas prepared in2008 better the targetistodevelop and 2004 since program breeding its own running has been The Companystartedtoplantlocallydeveloped cooperation are managed for allthesespecies,butthemainattentionisin are managed E.teretecornisandpellita grandis, E.camaldulensis, species werechosenasparents for hybridcombinations. They are Hybrid : StoraEnsoGuangxi,hybrid Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Production inGuangxiChina Stora EnsoGuangxi,Beihai,China DevelopmentbyStoraEnsoforPulp and20%isplantedwithnon- Youxu Cheng Eucalyptus 53 Eucalyptus , plantation, tree breeding; challenges, tree breeding; , plantation, . Pure species breeding programs . Purespeciesbreeding IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 hybridclonesin2003and E. uropylla Eucalyptus E. urophylla, E. and trees. Eucalyptus E. grandis .

Oral Presentation Murchison bioregionwasthenestimated at 32.1 Tg-CO bioregion (281,200 km rangeland grazing),thismitigationpotential canbeexpandedtowholeMurchison hardpan distribution, vegetation cover ( Meadows. Consideringsimilarity of annualrainfall (200-300mm), underlyingWiluna induced byafforestation activities,leakageshouldbeassumednearly0tha to 12%of Australia’s annual CO natural woodland(mainlyconsist of harvesting methodcombinedwithhardpanblasting method. On the otherhand, from image analyses,about350Gg-CO afforestation activities, and land cover and biomass distribution derived from LANDSAT pressure (0.06 drysheepequivalent ha afforestation in rates ofgrowth 1/10 than less grazing becauselow Inaddition, plots. survival ratio among ten native tree species (n = 470), and grew averaging 4.4 Mg ha survived evenexperiencedcontinuousdrought(2007-2009),whichwasthehighest during 1999to2012revealedthat93%of Australia Western in 28˚40’S) (120˚58’E, Meadows Sturt in experimentation Afforestation considered aspromisingcandidate. use competition, afforestationland alternatives, fromtheaspectofavoiding inaridareasis and woodythickening. passive reforestationsuchasassistednaturalregeneration Among is active plantings such as monocultures and environmental plantings, and the other is using Eucalypts,one bio-sequestration There aretwomainmethodsforterrestrialcarbon 1: Schoolof Veterinary andLifeSciences,MurdochUniversity, 90SouthStreet,Murdoch 6150 WA, Australia ; Incorporating thesemeasureddata,estimateddatasuchasinitialCO future carbonmitigation alternativesof Australia. biosequestration method usingaridareasshouldhavegreat importance asoneof the year at averaging 0.1-0.4 Mgha at averaging of afforestationrate intheabsence carbon sequestration baseline activitieswasestimated Hideki SUGANUMA Carbon BiosequestrationPotentialofEucalypts Afforestation Japan ScienceandTechnology Agency, 5-3, Yonbancho, Chiyoda,Tokyo, 102-8666,Japan Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan ;9: Deputy Director General, Center for Low Carbon Society Strategy, Street, Mount Lawley, WA, 6050, Australia; 8: Emeritus Professor, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Katakuramachi, Hachioji,Tokyo, 192-0982,Japan;7: Adjunct Professor, EdithCowanUniversity, 2Bradford machi, Hachioji,Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan;6: School of Engineering,Tokyo Universityof Technology, 1404-1, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan; 5: School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano- Ibaraki, 305-8687,Japan;4: Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1,Tokida, 180-8633, Japan; 3: Forestry andForest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, 2: DepartmentofMaterialsandLifeScience,SeikeiUniversity, 3-3-1,Kichijoji-kitamachi,Musashino,Tokyo, -1 throughout the measurement periodinthe afforestation plots consisting of water Richard HARPER 1,2 , HajimeUTSUGI in Arid Areas in Western Australia in in Arid Areas 2 ). Total carbonmitigation potential byEucalypts afforestation in -1 year 1 , Toshinori KOJIMA -1 2 (n = 128) depending on present land cover,land present on depending (n=128) whichwere 3 emissions derived from fuel combustion. Thus, this , NobuhideTAKAHASHI 2 Acacia aneura e year -1 ) isconsideredto avoidadditional land clearing 54 Acacia -1 mitigationpotentialwasestimatedinSturt Eucalyptus camaldulensis 2,7 , Yukuo, ABE woodland) and land use (extensive Benth.) surveys during 1997 to 2012, IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 4 , YujiSAKAI 2 8 e year , Koichi YAMADA, -1 5 , whichisequivalent , YasuyukiEGASHIRA Dehnh.(n=76) -1 9 2 year emissionof -1 . 6 , -1

Oral Presentation of Odishato promote Bilt Tree Techwith thetribalfarmersinstate Ltd(BTTL),forthelastdecadeisengaged and enhancedtechnicalskillsaswell. income but higher opportunities access notjusttomoreemployment farmers standtogain reducing migrationof villagers considerably. As suppliers to pulp andpapermills,the local employees inthenurserywith80%beingwomen andduringthe plantation activity thereby belonging to Baseof the Pyramid. Jobshavebeencreated for localcommunity as approximately 48milliontrees on20,870 hectares involvingcloseto 30,000 farmers Through its involvement with the forest dependent tribal community, BTTL hasplanted plantation yieldsincomethatenablesfarmerstoplantnewareas. erosion. stops soil cycleof first asthewoodharvestfrom issustainable The model lands and productivity ofdegraded of naturalforestsforfuelwood,increases degradation on farmland,reduces trees annually 20 million approximately by planting the environment maximum benefits. with thepapermillsforsaleofwood,reaping The modelalsoenriches and supportingthemfor the entiregrowthperiodandfinallylinkingthem plantation; guiding exposure; facilitating loan/grant for first plantation; providingthem quality saplingsfor them realize the benefits of short rotation eucalypt plantations through awareness and This is an inclusivesupport model whichbeginswithidentifyingthe target farmers; making income attheendof4/5yearsfromsalewood. of land. Agro-forestry allowsfor both annualincomefrom seasonalcropsandadditional encouraged toplanttreesinvariousmodels,suitedtheirrequirementandavailability them to groweucalypt trees on their farmlandsalong with othercrops. The farmers are of

Oral Presentation introgression, species discrimination Key words Key quantification ofintrogressionlevels. landraces/populations within species,identification andclassification ofhybridsandthe This study has applicationinforestryfor species identification,differentiation between During the early 1990’s severe mortality was experienced in young markers were able to successfully discriminate amongsixspecies of shown to bespecies informative) to assess the purity of this reference population. The E. urophylla from of introgression levels quantify and ofthisstudywastodetecthybrids The objective could alsohavederivedfromnaturalhybridizationwithandintrogression but sometolerance species, the pure in dramatically improved to have appears diseases bank. breeding clonal a into archived were fungal these to tolerance of level the result, As a as seedlingsinthenextcycleprogenytrials. All selections/parentsineachgeneration each cycle,selectionsweremadeat around 4-5 years, OP seed collectedandestablished generations at a low intensity, turning over populations using open pollinations (OP). In Between 1989and2010Sappi continued breedingfordisease tolerance over three camaldulensis

and other diseases. The solutiontothe disease problemwas to replace pure by (caused canker Chrysoporthe to mainly due plantations, with hybrids–mainly The followingconclusionswerereached:- Geoff Galloway urophylla 2. DepartmentofGenetics,Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), University of 3. 2. 1. Determining levelsofnaturalcontamination which wasmostlikelymistakenlyincorporated intothe pollination by surrounding by surrounding pollination tolerance. have been carried forward using OP through three generations with selection for detectable The Bayesianclustering analysisalsorevealed F analysis usingdiscreteDNA marker matchingtoseveralcommercialclones. in adjacentcommercialstands. This resultwasconfirmedthroughaparentage approximately 6%pollencontamination from commercial GU hybrids planted A v2.3.3identified inSTRUCTURE implemented analysis clustering Bayesian little ‘contamination’ from tolerant’‘disease Zululand The Sappi : into this Eucalyptus grandis Eucalyptus , 1 , MelissaReynolds E. globulus inan E. urophylla E. grandis E. grandis Pretoria, PrivateBagx20,Pretoria0028,South Africa 1. Sappi,POBox473,Howick,3290,South Africa E. grandis microsatellite DNA markers , E. nitens allelic diversity). diversity). allelic populations that fact the despite was This 2 x population using apanelof 15SSR markers (previously , Alex vanRensburg , E. urophylla E. urophylla Eucalyptus urophylla Eucalyptus E. urophylla , E. grandis populationinSouth Africa using Myburg 56 E. grandis stands, and onepure (GU), or 2* , E. urophylla 2 (fewer than10%ofindividualscarry , SharmaneNaidoo E. grandis breeding population has relatively population breeding , open pollination, contamination, pollination, , open IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1 hybrids(~3%)resulting from Chrysoporthe austroafricana) austroafricana) Chrysoporthe and E. grandis x E. dunnii E. camaldulensis 1 , Arnulf Kanzler , Arnulf E, urophylla Eucalyptus Eucalyptus grandis trial. Eucalyptus ). E. urophylla. E. grandis individual 1 , Zander (GC) ( E. E. .

PART Ⅱ Posters Poster Ecological and Social Aspects bioregion (281,200km rangeland grazing),thismitigationpotential canbeexpandedtowholeMurchison hardpan distribution, vegetation cover ( Meadows. Consideringsimilarity ofannual rainfall(200-300mm),underlyingWiluna in Murchisonbioregionwasthenestimated at32.1 Tg-CO induced byafforestation activities,leakageshouldbeassumednearly0tha natural woodland(mainlyconsist of from hands, other Onthe method. blasting hardpan with combined method harvesting image analyses,about350Gg-CO afforestation activities, and land cover and biomass distribution derived from LANDSAT pressure (0.06 drysheepequivalent ha afforestation in rates ofgrowth 1/10 than less grazing becauselow Inaddition, plots. survival ratio among ten native tree species (n = 470), and grew averaging 4.4 Mg ha survived evenexperiencedcontinuousdrought(2007-2009),whichwasthehighest during 1999to2012revealedthat93%of Australia Western in 28˚40’S) (120˚58’E, Meadows Sturt in experimentation Afforestation considered aspromisingcandidate. use competition, afforestationland alternatives, fromtheaspectofavoiding inaridareasis thickening. and woody regeneration such asassistednatural reforestation passive Among is active plantings such as monocultures and environmental plantings, and the other is using Eucalypts,one bio-sequestration There aretwomainmethodsforterrestrialcarbon 1: Schoolof Veterinary andLifeSciences,MurdochUniversity, 90SouthStreet,Murdoch 6150 WA, Australia ; to 12%of Australia’s annualCO future carbonmitigationalternativesof Australia. biosequestration method usingaridareasshouldhavegreat importance asoneof the Incorporating thesemeasureddata,estimateddatasuchasinitialCO year at averaging 0.1-0.4 Mgha at averaging of afforestationrate intheabsence carbon sequestration baseline activitieswasestimated Hideki SUGANUMA Carbon BiosequestrationPotentialofEucalypts Afforestation Japan ScienceandTechnology Agency, 5-3, Yonbancho, Chiyoda,Tokyo, 102-8666,Japan Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan ;9: Deputy Director General, Center for Low Carbon Society Strategy, Street, Mount Lawley, WA, 6050, Australia; 8: Emeritus Professor, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Katakuramachi, Hachioji,Tokyo, 192-0982,Japan;7: Adjunct Professor, EdithCowanUniversity, 2Bradford machi, Hachioji,Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan;6: School of Engineering,Tokyo Universityof Technology, 1404-1, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan; 5: School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano- Ibaraki, 305-8687,Japan;4: Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1,Tokida, 180-8633, Japan; 3: Forestry andForest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), 1, Matsunosato, Tsukuba, 2: DepartmentofMaterialsandLifeScience,SeikeiUniversity, 3-3-1,Kichijoji-kitamachi,Musashino,Tokyo, -1 throughout the measurement periodinthe afforestation plots consisting of water Richard HARPER 1,2 , HajimeUTSUGI in Arid Areas in Western Australia in in Arid Areas 2 ). Total carbonmitigationpotential byEucalyptsafforestation -1 year 1 , Toshinori KOJIMA -1 2 (n = 128) depending on present land cover,land present on depending (n=128) whichwere emissionsderivedfromfuelcombustion. Thus, this 3 , NobuhideTAKAHASHI 2 Acacia aneura e year -1 ) isconsideredto avoidadditional land clearing 58 Acacia -1 mitigationpotentialwasestimatedinSturt Eucalyptus camaldulensis 2,7 , Yukuo, ABE woodland) and land use (extensive Benth.) surveys during 1997 to 2012, IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 4 , YujiSAKAI 8 , Koichi YAMADA, 2 e year -1 5 , YasuyukiEGASHIRA , whichisequivalent Dehnh.(n=76) -1 9 2 year emissionof -1 . 6 , -1

Poster Ecological and Social Aspects Key words inhibitory effects ofUndecaneonthe TChE activityofearthworm atC3-C4concentrations. on TChE activity and decreased with the increase of concentrations. It represented the C4 dose were inhibitory. There were significant stimulative effects ofthe three chemicals decreased. However, the effects of 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-phenol on the GST of earthworm at the stimulativeeffectschemicals concentrations, ofthethreechemicalsonGST activity of the three chemicals on the SOD activity of theearthworm. With the increase of three inhibitory effects at C1-C2 concentrations andstimulativeeffects at C3-C4 concentrations time (1-7 days), and then had no significant differences over time. 4) There were significant with exposing significantly treatment, themortalityincreased 2,4-Di-ter-butyl-phenol Under exposing timeof1-7days,andthendidnotchangedoveratotherconcentrations. significantly overtime. At C2-C4octane,themortalityincreasedsignificantly duringthe mortality during1-14daysofexposingtimeatC1concentration,andthenincreased significantly along with the exposing time. Under Undecane treatment, there were no over time. then hadnosignificantchanges At C2-C4concentration,themortalityincreased the C1concentrationincreasedsignificantlyduringexposingtimeof1-14daysand significantly withconcentrations.3)UnderOctane treatment, themortalityof phenol hassignificantinhibitoryeffects ontheweightofearthwormbutdidnotchanged effects2,4-Di-tert-butyl- strengthened. then were dose and atC1-C3 ofOctanedecreased of UndecaneincreasedatC1-C2concentrations,andthenweakened. The inhibitory 21, 28days. With the increase of the volatile chemicals concentrations, the inhibitory effects the chemicalsonearthworm’s weight increased alongwiththeexposingtimeof 7, 14, growth of showed that 1)thethreevolatilechemicalshavesignificant effects onthe survivaland available forthevolatileallelochemicalsfrom allelochemicals with weedsandcropsasreceptors. However, little information was Previous studiesofallelopathiceffects of grandis from and 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-phenol of octane,undecane chemicals three volatile Institute ofEcologicalForestry, SichuanProvincialKeyLaboratoryofEcologicalForestryEngineering, The ImpactsofThreeVolatile Chemicalsfrom were selected and theirimpactsonthe wereselected Eisenia fetida : Volatile chemicals, Zhiqun Tang, JianZhang,Wanqin Yang, ChunziWang, DanjuZhang Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China. and representtime anddoseeffects. 2) The inhibitory effects of grandis E. grandis on , ecologicaltoxicology, 59 Eisenia fetida Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eisenia fetida Eisenia mainlyfocusedonwater-soluble onsoilfauna.Inthepresentstudy, IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 were evaluated. were The results Eisenia fetida Eucalyptus * E. fetida Eucalyptus at at

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies confirmed. Flowcytometryofhundredsopen-pollinatedprogenyfrom2 successfully germinated and multiplied seeds were small anddidnot germinate under standard conditions, but some could be Triploid (3 of 2 consumed lesschemicaltoreachkappa20.Wood fibresof4 Key words with multiplelinesofeachnowundertest. production of new 4 sterility hadbeenachieved. Tetraploid breedingpopulationshavebeenexpandedviathe 3 one from harvested were Seeds abscissed. spikes of majority the and sterile mostly were polyads early growth. Some are nowreproductively mature andalthough flowers were produced, unreduced gametes. Eleven3 of 3 production mothers foundlowratesofspontaneous wood fibre,sterility. 2 selfed incontrasttooutcrossingobserved2 few inter-cytotype(triploid,3 pre-zygotic pollen-pistil barriers to crossing were found, but open-pollination yielded very 2 Polyploid breeding program began with the introduction of tetraploid (4 reducing reproductiveoutputofthesepotentiallyweedytaxa. diversity inbreeding populations, changing woodfibre properties andother traits, and in Vietnam.acacias and othertropical offers Polyploidy genetic ways ofexpressing novel Weof varieties polyploid of progresswithbreeding reviewadecade (2 established in3polyploid hybridizing orchards inVietnam together with clones of diploid Nghiem QuynhChi x x x , but with stronger apical dominance and thicker bark. No phenological, morphological or morphological and thickerbark.Nophenological, , butwithstrongerapicaldominance controls.Kraftpulpyieldsfrom8-year-old4 ) AM and ) AM x 4 . School ofBiologicalSciences,UniversityTasmania, PrivateBag55,Hobart7001, Australia 2 Inst.forImprovementofForestGeneticResourcesandProductDevelopment,Vietnam A Decadeof Acacia PolyploidBreedinginVietnam x : x ) seedyieldsfollowingcontrolledpollinationwereextremelylow. Triploid A. auriculiformis A. auriculiformis effective suggesting germination, survived seedlings no but AM clone Acacia mangium, A. auriculiformis 3 1 CSIRO LandandWater, PrivateBag12,Hobart7001, Australia ; RodGriffin x lines of AM, AA, the interspecific hybrid AM x AA, and 1 Vietnamese Academy ofForestSciences,Vietnam x 4 (AA). Tetraploidthan growing were foundtobeslower clones ; JaneHarbard ) progeny.) AM-4 x Price clones arenowunderfield evaluation, two displayrapid 4 ; andTran DucVuong 60 in vitro 4 ; HaHuyThinh x yielded 4x seed,whichwaspredominantly yielded x x treeswere similarto2 , polyploidbreeding,tetraploid,triploid, , with triploid status and cross identity . Tetraploid progenygrewslowerthan IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1 x ; ChrisHarwood 1 seedlings through production of through production seedlings x were 20% longer than those were 20%longerthanthose Acacia mangium 3 x ; LeDinhKha butthe4 A. crassicarpa x ) lines of AM x and4 x 2 wood ; Aina (AM) x ,

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies var. to: belonged values survival species. as failed and recorded process from theanalysis they weredeleted The greatest 2- Scientific Board Member, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Shiraz, Fars, I.R. 15023, 20709, in GHaemiehOliveExperimentalStationasfollows: For two years (2007 and 2008), 15 eucalypt species and provenances were planted design of Randomized Complete Blocks with three replicates and 3 x 3 m. spacing. and recorded. of eucalyptspecieswascollected under statistical The trialwasconducted area ofFarsprovinceIslamicRepublicIran.Inaddition,datarelatedtophenology Mamasany of Noorabade and cityplantations lands for marginal provenances and species The aim of the study was to introduce thefast-growingandindustrialeucalypt adaptable, belonged to: had different ranks andsignificant differences to each other. The highest values of dbh belonged to 19805 and belonged to belonged ssp. E. camaldulensis including: species, Four respectively). ρ<0.01, and (ρ<0.05 significant were parameters variable (8-49).Resultsshowedthat effects ofthetreatments andyearsontheeucalypt test methods bySAS andSPSS computer Programs. Number of seedlingsper plot was eucalypt species trial. The data were analyzed, using Variance Analysis and Duncan tothe prior implied were records characteristics geographical and identification and chemical andphysicalanalysis, climate data analysis, groundfloor vegetation collection total height,diameteratbreastheight(dbh)(aftergrowthseason)andphenology. Soil annual measurements consisted of survival (two times, after cold andwarm seasons), E. camaldulensis and theshortestspecieswere: haddifferentand provenances ranksandsignificantdifferences toeachother. The tallest 300-sh, globulus Key words more thanin2011. 20.1 %,respectively), averagedbhandtotalheightin 2012 and 2013wassignificantly in 2011survival (20.4 and 2013 and 2012 than in greater was significantly (25.5%)which provenances haddifferent ranksanddiffered significantlytoeachother. Exceptaverage camaltereti Adaptability andPerformanceofDifferentIndustrialEucalypt 1- Associate Prof.,ResearchInstituteofForestsandRangelands,P.O. Box13185-116, Tehran, I.R. subcinerea maidenii E. camaldulensis E. camaldulensis E. camaldulensis E. nobilis ssp. Species andProvenancesatFarsProvinceofIran : Phenology, survival,diameter, height,soil,quality, canopy 20709(713.3 and30.5 cm., respectively). The nineremainedspeciesand E. saligna E. camaldulensis E. camaldulensis bicostata E. camaldulensis 20230 (9.3, 9.4 and 9.4 cm, respectively), whereasthelowestvalues 20230(9.3,9.4andcm,respectively), 15272 (99.1 and98.0percent,respectively), whereasthe lowest values var. 41-ch, 19805, H. Sardabi Iran. Email:[email protected], [email protected]. 18241diedcompletelypriortoendofthetrialdataanalysis,so camaldulensis 19493, E. camaldulensis var. var. E. rubida E. camaldulensis subcinerea ig. 1 camaldulensis , M.Hamzepour 41-ch (2%). The eightremainedspeciesandprovenances 41-ch, E. globulus E. globulus camaltereti 11340, 166-sh, E. globulus 15195, 61 ssp. 20709 (3.4cm). species The sevenremaining ssp. Iran. 2 41-zh, 11340, , S.K.Bordbar E. globulus var. maidenii E. saligna E.camaldulensis maidenii subcinerea E. globulus ssp. E. camaldulensis IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. camaldulensis maidenii 20230, 20230 and 20230 2 ssp. 18241, , M.Nejabat 15195 and 15195 bicostata ssp. E. globulus 300-shand var. E. saligna 2 bicostata E. camaldulensis var. subcinerea 19493, E. camaldulensis ig. camaldulensis ssp. camaltereti 20581.The E. globulus 16731, E. nobilis maidenii 15272, ig. E. E.

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies The mostresistancespeciestocoldnesswere the otherspeciesachievedsecondrank withoutsignificantdifference betweenthem. 3.4, respectively)andthelowestamountbelonged to Keywords city andsouthof Tehran. achieved the best performanceandtheyaresuggestedfor eucalypt plantationat Varamin very low,and respectively.on clusteranalysis, Based the resistance of the greatestamountbelongedto in respecttocrowndiameter,species the eucalypt between test, to Duncan butaccording without significant difference between them. Although there was nosignificant difference quality belonged to belonged quality to rank without significant difference betweenthem. The greatestamountof quality belonged denticulata to belonged without significantdifferences betweenthem. The greatest andthelowestamountof dbh m) and them. The greatest and the lowest amount of total height belonged to differencesrate withoutsignificant thelowestsurvival the otherspeciesachieved between E. denticulata replicates inrespecttodifferent eucalyptcharacteristics. The species coldness characteristics.Furthermore,therewerenotsignificantdifferences betweenthe differences between the treatments inrespect to survival, dbh, quality andresistance to Programs. SPSScomputer SASand by significant are there that showed results The establishment. Varianceusing analyzed, The datawere test methods Duncan and Analysis characteristics recordswereexaminedpriorto the trial and identificationgeographical chemical andphysicalanalysis, climate data analysis, groundfloor vegetation collection diameter, resistance to coldnessand tree quality were measured at end of the trial. Soil (dbh)(aftergrowthseason)andphenology.diameter atbreastheight Furthermore,canopy total height, seasons), warm and (two times,aftercold ofsurvival consisted measurements E. camaldulensis five replicates, five treatments and3x 2m. spacing. The treatments were as follows: The trial was conducted under statistical design of Randomized Complete Blocks with parts of at southern and provenances species TehranVaraminparticularly province, area. The aim of the study was to introduce thefast-growingandindustrialeucalypt adaptable, E. camaldulensis 1- Associate Prof.,ResearchInstituteofForestsandRangelands,P.O. Box13185-116. Tehran, I.R. Adaptability andPerformanceofIndustrialEucalyptSpecies 2- ScientificBoardMember, Tehran Agricultural andNaturalResourcesResearchCenter, Varamin, E. globulus : achievedthesecondrank(11.6 cm)andtheotherspeciesachieved thethird Eucalyptus E. camaldulensis diameter, cold resistance achievedthe greatest survivalpercentage (100and95, respectively) and E. denticulata , and ProvenancesatTehran Province (8.2 m), respectively and the other species achieved the second rank the second achieved and theotherspecies (8.2m),respectively E. denticulata and E. globulus Iran. Email:[email protected], [email protected]. , adaptation, phenology, survival, dbh, total height, quality, crown E. viminalis (13.4cm)and H. Sardabi , (7.6) whereas the other species achieved the second rank the second achieved the otherspecies (7.6)whereas E. saligna , E. camaldulensis E. globulus (12and11.1, respectively) andthelowestamountof 1 Tehran, I.R.Iran , M.Jafari 62 and E. globulus , E. camaldulensis E. globulus 1 E. saligna , E.Farahani and E. camaldulensis E. globulus (7.7cm),respectively, whereas IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. denticulata to coldness wasmoderate,low , and 2 and E. viminalis species(2.3)whereas E. camaldulensis E. camaldulensis E. viminalis and species (3.5and E. denticulata . The annual . The , whereas (11.2 and and E.

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies annual incrementmayexceed35m trials. Wethe mean plantations, these bestclonesinwell-managed predictthatbyplanting consistently expressed their superiority over ages, as well as in genetic and silvicultural with average height andDBH of 13.5 mand10.1 cm, and12.0m and 11.7 cm.Both ha). (70.43 plantings demo respectively,SB15006, and SB23001 included The bestclones Seven clonalvarieties performed wellingrowth andsurvivaluntil 30-month oldinthe weakened. other effectivetrended tobemoreinfluentialwhile or be disappear factorsimpactswould Base fertilizerhadalowlevelofeffectapplication. on treeform. Over ages,treespacing much less role. The maininfluencing factors included tree spacing andcarbofuran most of the adaptation, growth and form traits. In general, silvicultural treatments played variety role wasextremelysignificantinformulating combining In silviculturaltrial,replicate superior overthebestrametsfromclones. clonal varieties.Mostofthefastestgrowingindividualswerefrombestfamilies, with survivalincomparison slightlylow slowwith provenance varietiesgrewrelatively Four best clonesweremuchbetter thanotherclonesincludedintheclonaltrial.Family/ Varieties highlydiffered in the performanceof materials. both clonaland family/provenance Interactions ofvarietywithmacroormicrositeconditionalonewerenotsignificant. early performanceof varieties whilereplicateormicrositeconditionhadmuchlesseffect. affected markedly condition Macrosite varieties. family/provenance within observed the varied in tree survival, growth, form, and crown width. High genetic variation was also With largegeneticvariation,bothclonalandfamily/provenancevarietiessignificantly experiment and30-monthdemonstrationplantinginthepresentstudy. country. We summarized the 22-month oldgenetic trials, 30-month oldsilvilculture Cambodia, wearranged aseries of field trials in Aeoral, the central-south part of the To obtain reliable supporting data for planningcommercial planting of eucalypts in camaldulensis camaldulensis Most of the best varieties originated from the hybrids or seedlots of their hybrids with other species. One of the reasons was probably that their hybridswithotherspecies.Oneofthe reasonswasprobably E. grandis Demonstrating andExperimentalTrials ofShort-rotation Eucalypts in Aeoral, Cambodia:SomeEarly Results and Weirptech BioresourcesLimited,F, 28/F. FullviewCourt,32FortressHillRoad, weresensitivetotheattackof , E. urophylla E. camaldulensis x E. grandis clones or seedlots performed rather poor in contrast to North Point,HongKong 3 /ha over6years.

Runpeng Wei , 63 E. urophylla Leptocyle invasa x IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. tereticornis . , and E. grandis E. urophylla E. urophylla and x E. E. E. .

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies field the dihybrid field pulp with a putative progeny indicates over 50% pulp recovery. After eighteen months in 0.251. The arid site(Karamadai;11 inland an in families full-sib seven with trial pilot a 2012, During development. lignotuber parent incharacteristicssuchasleafshape, stem straightness, stomatal distributionand straightness ofthesaplingsafter12months. large ovateleaves/shorterinternodeswererecognisable. This characteristicimplicatedthe internodes andtheotherwith stages (90-120days)aphenotypewithlinearleaves/longer species disease resistancebreedingwith anemphasisto pulpimprovement. Taxonomically the with ITCR&D,aEucalyptmajorindustryinIndia. (IFGTB) in collaboration The focuswas program was hybridization initiatedby the Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding was feltbygrowersandindustriesalike.Inthisscenarioduring2012,a commercial clones. The needfor Eucalypt domestication focused ondisease resistance E. pellita the said time incommercialplanting were plantations andyoungcoppicecropswereequallydevastated. The speciesdeployedat The seedparent parent a coastal site (Nellore, Andhra Pradesh; 14 specific full sib families. the inter- was alsonotedamong of progeny from 5±1-20±3.Inviability varied per taxa, controlpollinationmethodswerestandardized.Ininter-specificcrossingseedset cross. Studies onpollenrevealed1%infertility. After quantifying thephenologyinboth leaf gall disease caused by the wasp the by caused disease gall leaf The period 2004-2008 in the history of industries couldbeachieved. in pulp,timberandveneer towards deployment resources genetic of full-sib is expectedthatsub-lining DNAand anatomical, chemo present attempted. In futureit cross isbeing markers forthesaid based noted in the parents or the interspecific dihybird in theparentsorinterspecific noted infestation ofleafgallwasnotedintheEucalypt control,tilldatenoinfectionhasbeen B. Nagarajan Hybrids: A NovelResourcewithImprovedPulp Yield and Development andDeploymentofInterspecific C.citriodora E. citriodora and cross *1 MohanVarghese

E. urophylla. C. torellianax citriodora 1 torelliana InstituteofForestGeneticsandTree Breeding,Coimbatore,India. Resilience toLeafGallDiseaseinIndia C. torellina x C.citriodora C. torellina Hill &Johnson(Panampally10 2

ITCR&DBangalore,India.Email:[email protected] and o 14’N; 76

Pre Emergent Reproductive Success E. torreliana 2 , M.Palanisamy This led to the forceful exit of a few large scale cultivated scale large ofafew exit forceful tothe led This o 57’E). An inlandwet(Walayar, 10 Hill & Johnson, (Walayar 10

was assigned to a new genus

Eucalyptus Leptocybe invasa Leptocybe 64 1 , K.S.Venkataramanan was could be cloned successfully (about 80% rooting). 80% (about successfully be cloned could At E. camaldulensis,tereticornis,grandis, o 26’N; 79 The progenywere traceable to their pollen successfully C. torelliana x C.citriordora C. torelliana o 50’N; 76 plantations in India was plagued with o 9’E) were also developed. While IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

o La Salle. Nurseries, juvenile Nurseries, Salle. La established infield. 50’E) weredeployedfor the 1 o R. Kamalakannan 85’N; 76

(PERS) ranged from 0.001- Corymbia o 85’N; 76 Corymbia o 85’E) and pollen . Analysis on . Analysis

during 1995. At seedling 2 o , P.Selvaraj Corymbia 85’E) and

1

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies tested camaldulensis The current results at ageof two year-oldshows that somehybridsof we haverepeatedthisprocessandtestplanted130-150clonesin20142015. From thisprocesswesetupthefirstclonetrialin2013using129newclones.Sincethen, seeds. shorten the program, weappliedtissue culture to propagate test clones from the hybrid in 2012.Weto make varioushybridmaterialsfortesting. thenstarted cross-pollination To Initial floweringfromthegraftedmaterialswasobservedatbeginningofrainseason tolerance. since 2008 to make hybrids with better growth performance as well as good disease Based onthis background, westarted plustree selections andgrafting onthose species is muchlessthanotherfastgrowingspeciessuchas E. deglupta Throughout the introduction andtestingof auriculifomis Australia andVietnam. However, noneofthose materials exceedsthe growth of urophylla China, from clones hybrid Vietnam, and Thailand ( urograndis of progenies hybrid At the beginningof the project various the rainseasonanddroughtin6-7monthdryseason. of constraints Main The climateinthe is region tropical monsoonreceiving2500-3000mmof rainfall peryear. along MekongRiver. BGA PlantationForestryCo.,Ltd. The plantationareaislocatedinthemiddlepartofLao of by takingovertheoperation in 2005 Forest Co.,Ltd.wasestablished OJI LaoPlantation

Key words get suitablematerials for ourpurpose. recently startedwoodqualityanalysisof our crossingmaterialsto increase thechanceto wood and veneer, we now include wood quality traits for our selection criteria. We have Due to the demand for utilization of those clones for higher value market such as solid years. stage, however, wearehopingtoselectcommerciallyacceptableclonesinthenext few Eucalyptus Effects ofInbreedingonGrowthandWood Propertiesof Eucalyptus

Shinichi Sukeno x : show better tolerance to various leaf disease although their initialgrowthrate showbettertolerancetovariousleafdiseasealthough

E. grandis Eucalyptus × or

mangium Tree ImprovementatOJILaoPlantationForestCo., clonesand urograndis Eucalyptus ) from Brazil and South South and ) fromBrazil of progenies and Africa , breeding, 1,2* hybrid,whichiscurrentlythepreferredoperationalspecies. , Apichat Chanlakhon , Apichat are growing much better than the parent species, previously much better thantheparentspecies, aregrowing 2. OJILaoPlantationForestCo.,Ltd. A. 1. OJIGreenResourcesCo.,Ltd. plantations in Lao include bacterial wilt and leaf diseases in leaf diseases and wilt bacterial in Laoinclude plantations

auriculifomis E. pellita Eucalyptus 65 Ltd. Eucalyptus , hybrid,LaoPDR,clone 1,2

, Vongchanh Mouapavue ×

mangium materials wereintroduced including E. camaldulensis , we haverealized that IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 hybrid. The programisstillearly 2 , Allie Muneri , Allie and E. urograndis E. pellita E. pellita E. pellita E. pellita 1,2 Acacia with from and E. E. .

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies Eucalyptus phenotypes wasusedto generate the genomewide transcription polymerase chain reaction. The normalized fold expression across allfour The expressionprofileswerevalidatedforselectedgenesusingquantitative reverse xylem tissuesoffourextremephenotypes fromdeveloping pool derived probes weredesignedpergene. Gene expressionanalysiswasperformed inthe cDNA (8x60K) was developed. The size of the probe was sixty base pairs and maximum three cell death. A microarraychipwith 53,988 probeswasdesignedandacustom array cell wallproteins, cellwallrelated polysaccharides, ligninbiosynthesis andprogrammed cell wallthickening, cell expansion, in celldivision, genesinvolved literature whichincluded In thepresentstudyatotalof25,908xylogenesis-relatedgeneswereselected from genes, regulatorygenesandmasterswitchesduringcellwallbiosynthesis. remains elusive. To achievethis goal,itisimportant tounderstand the roleoffunctional wood properties. However, the exact mechanism of secondary cell wallbiosynthesis still been conductedtowardsunderstandingthegenetic,biochemicalandmolecularbasisof growth, short rotation, adaptability andsuperiorwoodproperties. Extensive researchhas genes withprobableroleinwoodformation in The EGCNdevelopedinthepresentstudy willhelpinidentificationofuncharacterized transcription factorsregulatethemajorpathways involvedinsecondarydevelopment. finger). (RING type C3HC4 and finger Zinc that confirmed network co-expression This transcription factors like Homeodomain containing transcription factors, peroxidise andeukaryotic aspartyl protease. Additionally, it had interactions with ten like arabinogalactan,beta-galactosidase,pectinmethylesterase,ubiquitin,ascorbate functional genesincludingCellulosesynthase, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase, FASCICLIN- ( 2 protein NACdomain associated biological processes, molecular functions and cellular components. Secondary wall related biosynthesis wall cell with enriched significantly was that the cluster confirmed enrichment with 37nodesand502edges.Geneontology group Cluster 1wasacomplex was doneusingMCODE(Molecularcomplexdetection)and15clusterswereidentified. documented 75(22%) transcription factors with high degree. Subsequently, clustering 3.1.0. Cytoscape using (interactions) edges 4512 and with 330nodes(genes) The network significantly co-expressedgenes(threshold >0.9) was330. The EGCN wasconstructed correlation using normalized expression values across all samples. The number of Network (EGCN). A correlation matrix wasconstructed bycalculating pair-wisePearson Key words factor, microarray, geneexpression. Secondary CellWall Biosynthesisin Genome Wide Institute ofForestGeneticsandTree Breeding,India,e-mail:[email protected] is one of the most widely planted hardwood tree genera in the world because of its fast : Co-expression network, secondary xylem, network, secondary : Co-expression Dharanishanthi Veeramuthu, ModhumitaGhoshDasgupta Eucalyptus SND2 GeneCo-expressionNetworkfor 66 ) was involved in the regulation of forty eight forty of regulation the in involved ) was Eucalyptus Eucalyptus tereticornis Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus . , cell wall,transcription Gene Co-expression *

of E. tereticornis WRKY and .

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies Implication on Improved Industrial Forestry Characteristics and Implication onImprovedIndustrialForestryCharacteristicsand × gums crop, InstituteofForestGeneticsand Tree Breeding(IFGTB)initiatedaprogramonred origin. ofuntested clones few a and landraces local To the and situation the ameliorate Until theearly1990s,commercialplantingofredgumswaspivotedtoseedscomplex E. 111 C-53 xC-111 weighedover170kgatfortymonths.Likewise families. half-sib from pedigreed kg realized to 30–40 months compared Afrom selection C-19 x E. pellita terms of biomass production an intra-specific (Sivagangai, 09°43’0”N,78°49’E)andacoastalsite(Muthupettai,10°04’N,79°5’E). In 11°02′56″N,(Velayuthampalayam, riparian inland an across 45%). The cross 45%). The of over 12 meters with 42 cm at DBH and yielded 60% of veneer (local untested yields only tereticornis Key words and energyindustries. asmarketIdeotypesintheveneer,of selectionerrors couldbedeployed elimination pulp veneering andadaptabilitytosalineaffected sites.Induecourse,these phenotypeswith in selectingphenotypeswithhigherpulp,greater families seem to advantageous be highly sector. energy the for crop potential as and conditions coastal sib full pedigreed Developing grandis C111and with through controlcrossing River-QLD)werecombined (Kennedy E. camaldulensis clones. tested andthirtyeliteswereshortlisted. These weremulti-location The topthree that ledtoselectionofaboutthreehundred across multi-locations families weredeployed farmland Eucalypt cultivators with appropriate selections. About one thousand half-sib the technicalinputsof Australian Tree SeedCentre(ATSC). This programaimedtoaddress di andtrihybridfullsibfamilies. The combinations 1 –InstituteofForestGeneticsandTree Breeding,Coimbatore,2–Tamil NaduNewsprintandPapers E.grandiscamaldulensis B. Nagarajan Hybrid BreedingforScreeningIdeotypesinRedGums: Eucalyptus tereticornis × and E. grandis : Di-hybrids, (South of Helenvale) E. urophylla xgrandis E. urophylla and a trihybrid cross 1* E. tereticornis selectionsC19(KatherineRiver-NT),C53(KennedyRiver-QLD)and , P. Selvaraj 19 yielded over 50% pulp (against 42-44% in control). The cross Eucalyptus 1 Smith. and , M.Palanisamy Limited *-Corresponding Author. × × E.grandis,camaldulensis x E. grandis Salinity Tolerance E. alba as pollen parents for generating intra andinter-specific parents forgenerating aspollen , full-sib,ideotype,pulp,tri-hybrid,veneer. C-19 x E. urograndis E. camaldulensis seems to be highly adapted for in saline affectedseems tobehighlyadaptedforinsaline 67 1 , P. Chezhian (Lorne, 13017)exhibitedaclearstraightbole E. camaldulensis C-53 x C-111 E. tereticornis 2 , R.Seenivasan IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Dehn. inIndiaduring1998with

weighedover 75 kg(@24 × 77°59′52″E), an inland arid inland an 77°59′52″E), E. camaldulensis E.pellita × E.alba,tereticornis 2 G. Venkatesan werefieldtested E. pellita, E. E. pellita, , a dihybrid dihybrids 2 E. E.

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies 3 years)cloneH44had75%survivalandmeanstemconicalvolumeof163.1dm urophylla from an seedlings and clones eucalypt treatments (commercial than control resistance The best-performingnew hybrid clones grew significantly faster, andhadsuperiorwind stem volume.However,for clonal correlations oneclone,H44,grewfastestatallfoursites. across thefoursites,resultinginlowtomoderate(0.320.66)site-sitegenotypic previously dominated by bamboo in the North. There were differences in clone rankings fastest on alevelsitewith deep soilinthesouth of Vietnam andslowestonaslopingsite propagated for clonal testing at 4 trial locations across Vietnam. Growth to age 4 years was of the selected seedlings. After 2 years in the field, 30 best-performing individuals were selection onmorphologyandinitialgrowthatthenurserystage, followed byfieldtesting Open-pollinated seeds from the hybrid trees were sown and seedlings raised for early considered ahybrid. characteristics of the othertreehadallele species, while from bothparental that 6ofthesetreeshadalleles markersof7representativeputativehybridtreesshowedanalysis usingmicrosatellite the twoparentspecies.DNA between characteristics, whichwereintermediate anatomical northern Vietnam.and from theirmorphological were identified Putativehybridindividuals and 58.0 dm of 136.5,76.9 volumes of 36.1,36.1and22.2%, survivals of SSO,hadcorresponding PN14andU6 clones the controltreatments,commercial while low. clonal rankingsovertime,andmuchhigherfor thetwoothertrialswherewinddamagewas in in changes resulted damage (0.38) fortwotrialswheretyphoon low 4 yearswere 2 and detected Research was conducted on natural hybrids between 1 Prof. Dr., InstituteforImprovementofForestGeneticResourcesandProductsDevelopment(IIFPD), Natural Hybridsbetween 2 Assistant Prof.Dr., NaturalMuseumofVietnam, Le DinhKha seedorchard). at age 4 years(afterstrongwinds site intheSouthatage At one in two Early SelectionandClonalTesting inVietnam 3 respectively. Age-age genotypic correlation coefficients for stem volume at 1 E. urophylla , DinhThiPhong E. alba butoriginatedfroman Improvement (IFTIB) andBiotechnology seedling seedorchards (SSO) at Ba Vì, andVan Xuan in 2 , NguyenThiThanhHuong Eucalyptus urophylla 68 3 M Sc.,IIFPD, E. urophylla 3 , NguyenVan Du Eucalyptus urophylla IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 4 IEng.IIFPD, mothertree,soshouldbe E. urophylla 4 and , MaiTrung Kien 5. Dr. ForestTree E. alba: and seedlings 3 per tree, pertree, E. alba 5 E.

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies

such as stem cankerpathogens trials havecommencedandtheseinclude screening Consequently destructans including thegallwaspLeptocybeinavasaandleafblightpathogen ofimprovedpurespecies.Weto thedevelopment parallel havefoundpestsanddiseases program with speciessuchas in 2016 and allow for second generation progeny trials to commence in 2017. A hybrid from seed sourcetrials. production areasdeveloped The first seed willbecomeavailable converted into seedling seed orchards at 3.5 years andwillbecomplemented by seed up to 150 families being established annually over a range of sites. These trials will be The tree improvement programisbasedonprogenytrials with 4to 5suchtrials testing Cooperative. and earlyresultsthathavebeeninitiatedinSabahSarawakundertheBorneoForestry commercial species. This paperoutlines anumberof comprehensiveresearchprograms mangium pathogens. However in north Borneo it was only after the recent demise of for thisgenusinaregionwhereothereucalyptspecieshadtypicallyfailedduetofoliar pellita Eucalyptus making substantialgains overarelativelyshortperiodoftime. sites for trials, and by sharing germplasm and results offers a cost-effective approach to specialists. by overseas andsupported north Borneo offersThis approach of range awide by in five These programshavebeenimplementedcollaboratively member organisations program. into the breeding quality wood of bestsolid individuals in futuretoinclude hoped assessing variousnon-destructivemeans including NIRandacoustictomography. Itis Solid woodquality for veneer-andsawn-timber arebeinginvestigated underaprogram pruning andinitialstockingtodevelopoptimum regimesforbothsolidwoodandpulpwood. management regimesarebeing investigated usinga series of trialsassessingthinning, determined. Trials withboronarecurrently underwaytofurtherrefinetheseresults.Stand series of and nitrogenat trials andoptimumratesof macro element planting phosphorus off andre-invigorationofex-plants.Nutritionalaspects have beeninvestigatedviaa laboratory protocolsarebeingdevelopedtooptimisemultiplicationrates,hardening- Optimising thePerformanceof Box 162,Cooroy, Qld4563 Australia. 1 Yani Japarudin of theSunshineCoast,Maroochydore,Qld4558, Australia, Sabah SoftwoodBerhad,Km.8,JalanSinSan,91019Tawau, Sabah,Malaysia. due to Crysoportha spp in the area on other Eucalyptus spp. and these recognized as amajorthreat. spp. andtheserecognized intheareaonotherEucalyptus Ceratocystis was first planted in trials in Borneo in 1994 and provided some promise some and provided 1994 in Borneo in in trials first planted was 1 , MahadirLapammu . alreadyfoundon canker andwiltthat University ofPretoria,South Africa E. grandis Tropics ofBorneo 1 Agustan Alwi 4 Wingfield Forestry and Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), 69 and Eucalyptus pellita E. urophylla E. pellita 4 1 E. pellita JeremyBrawner IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 hybrids.Inthetissueculture has cometo prominence asa hascommencedandwillrun 3 Boden & Associates PtyLtd,PO 2 , DavidBoden intheWet Teratosphaeria 2,3 3 ,Michael J University Acacia

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies geo-spatial visualization words Key and informationfromthesetreeimprovement programs. programs underwayinChileandBrazil the planistouseSIMEGEmanagedata SIMEGE supportsallgeneticsresearchactivities ofCMPC’s eucalyptus andpinebreeding strategies inthattrial. analysis spatial or other post-blocking specific implementing and in issues, heterogeneity growth observed on all trials. It is a valuable tool to help to identify possible within block in eachtrial. for eachmeasurement of growthisavailable a 3Dpictureofthe This provides components. variance and treatment means corresponding visualization Also, geo-spatial key statisticsforspecificsites,includingbasicdataculling(dispersion,outliers)and out othermoresophisticatedsingleormulti-siteREML/BLUP analysis. This produces for DBHandtotalheight, etc.) based on the measurements for each trial and carries plots scatter box-plots, (histogram, summaries statistical simple generates SIMEGE then Maps application,andadetailedhistoryofinterventions. treatments involved, the experimental design, detailed maps and location based on Google breeding facilities (orchards, hybridization yards). This tool also includes a description of description in the variousongoingcrossingprograms(location, flowering orpollenstatus) 2) family, thestatusofseedandpollenstocks,breeding ofparentsinvolved in thebreedinganddeployment programs. This includesdetailsofthepedigree each include: 1)the monitoring andadministration of database system. SIMEGE maininformation modulus SIMEGE databasemanagementtoolsoffer integrateddesign,development,testing, GRASS forgeo-statisticalvisualizationofdata. and statistical analyses such asRforthevarious software applications source with open in ASP.NET engine isMS and database SQL Server, but also reliesonspecificinterfaces from any computer usingonlya web browserinterface. SIMEGE basic architectureis built SIMEGE provides asolid webinterface so that users can interactively run the software breeding activitiesandpopulationsfordeployment. and diagnostic tool, and is used to assist in several key decisions concerning with tree systemcalledSIMEGE. information system It of theartdatamanagement is aweb-based a state group hasdeveloped several stepsinthebreedingprocess.CMPCtree of most all treeimprovementprogramsandhelpbreedersto critical components manage management andexploitingdata. In thissense,datamanagementsystemisoneofthe Every aspectoftreeimprovementinthemodernagereliesheavilyoninformation

SIMEGE: An IntegratedDatabaseandGenetic Analysis System Edgardo Velilla 1. ForestalMinincoS.A;2.DevelopersChileLtda;3.ConsultantinManagementProjectsand Support toCMPCBreedingPrograminChileandBrazil module, which contains information regarding layout andhistoryof all trialsor module, whichcontainsinformationregarding : tree improvement program, data management system, REML/BLUP: treeimprovementprogram,datamanagement analysis, Germplasm 1 , OscarGuerra Information Analysis; 4.ConsultantinTree BreedingandGenetics module, whichcontainsinformationaboutallgeneticresources 2 , BertaRothen Nuno Borralho 70 1 , Verónica Emhart 4 , Alex Medina , Alex IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1 1 , MarcelaLabra 1 , FelipeVargas Trial 3 ,

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies from naturalforest(unimprovedpopulation). The individualheritability(h pollinated families from first-generation plustrees (improvedpopulation) and12families the treeswhentheywereonetofiveyearsold. of 48open- consisted The seedorchards and Sumatra islands)wereexaminedbyanalyzingdata onthe height anddiameter of seedling seed orchardsof seedling Trend ofheritabilitiesandrealizedgains Key words raising theirproductivity. Indonesia, and that it should provide improved seeds for operational plantation, thus for program improvement tree first–generation the that highly significant and consistent,irrespective of age and location. The results confirmed orchards. in thefirstgeneration used to thecontrols tree progeny plus were These gains years’ five on based gains percentage generation first the of traits growth of measurements wereca.15%and18%,respectively.and diameter as gains werecalculated The realized were relatively constant for trait andageineach location. The realized gains for height measured ageweremoderategeneticcontrol,variousbetween1.0to2.9. The heritabilities as the was calculated ratio of additive geneticvarianceto the phenotypic variancefor each seedling seedorchard Second GenerationSeedlingSeedOrchardsof Trend ofHeritabilitiesandRealizedGeneticGainsinthe Jl. PalaganTentara PelajarKm15,Purwobinangun,Pakem,Sleman, Yogyakarta. : Eucalyptuspellita CenterforForestBiotechnologyandTree Improvement, Yogyakarta E. pellita Email: [email protected] , heritabilities,realizedgeneticgains,secondgeneration, pellita established at two locationsinIndonesia(Kalimantan established BudiLeksono inIndonesia 71

Eucalyptus pellita IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. pellita infoursecond-generation has been effective been has in Eucalyptus i 2 ) ofbothtraits

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies Key words products fromthesesystems. highlights how DNA technology can add further insights and improve quality of seed and orcharddesigncanopymanagementcaninfluenceseedoutcomes. This project seed remainsimportant on fieldsuccess.Productionoflargequantitiesopenpollinated The studyclearlyillustrates the ratio offulland half sib progenyand its potential impact trees fromvariousorchardsourcestodeterminethelevelsofoutcrossingandselfing. on genetic gain. A study was undertaken to genotype the progeny of selected mother impact in growthandnegatively field success,variation this processcouldinfluence during parents at peak flowering, pollinator behavior and successful seed set. Failure at any stage the traitsofinterest.Factorsaffectingof flowering the number success include outcrossing and geneticsuperiorityachievedthroughoutcrossingbetweenmothertreesselectedfor to successful plant production is the need for high quality seed both in terms of quantity seedling seed orchards andclonalseedof varying levelsof improvement. Critical seed orchards. These orchardstypically consist of breedingseedling seedorchards, sites. The main method of propagation is through improved seed collected in managed is akeyspeciesintermsof favorablegrowth, densityandfibre propertiesontemperate South and landholdings of thehardwood 10 to15% occupies this species Africa. Currently Eucalyptus dunnii Use ofDNA FingerprintingTechnology toUnderstandthe Outcrossing RatesinEucalyptusdunniiSeedOrchards : Eucalyptus dunnii is an important commercial species for the pulp and paper industry in , seed,DNA fingerprinting,seedorchards Wayne Jones Sappi Forests 72 * , LukeSolomon IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies provenance variations. Key words: positive andhigh. sufficientlybe were traits among correlations thegenetic constant,and almost and high from low altitude(<600masl.)seemsto be betterthanabove.Familyheritabilityseems to fromWetar andthebestprovenances were statisticallysignificant and Alor. Provenances variation amongprovenancesandbetweenfamilieswithinprovenanceongrowthtraits family heritability and genetic correlation among traits. The results demonstrated that covariance toassessthevariationamongprovenancesandfamilieswithinprovenance, growth ononetofiveyearsold. and of variance in twoways:analysis The data analyzed meter spacing.Heightanddiameterof breast height(dbh)weremeasuredasindicatorsof randomized complete block design with 8replications of five-tree-row plot with 4x 1.5 (Indonesia) consist of 116 families from 16 provenances. The families were tested in provenance and progeny test of of the combination families withinprovenance, and between among provenances variation for pulpandpaperindustriesalsohasgoodpotentialsawntimber. To obtainthe hybridization programwith other eucalypts. This suitable speciesproducesrawmaterial species as an exoticinthe world. In many countries, this species hassuccessfullyusedfor that rangefrom180mto3000m.Itisoneofthemostcommerciallyimportantforest eastern Indonesia (, Flores, , Lembata, Alor, Adonara and Pantar) at altitudes urophylla Eucalyptus Variation amongProvenancesandFamiliesonProvenance- progeny Test of Jl. PalaganTentara PelajarKm15,Purwobinangun,Pakem,Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. CenterforForestBiotechnologyandTree Improvement, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Eucalyptus urophylla, naturally occurs on volcanically derived soils on seven islands in islands seven on soils derived volcanically on occurs naturally Eucalyptus urophylla E-mail: [email protected] E. urophylla

Budi LeksonoandSurip familyheritability, geneticcorrelation,progenytest, Indonesia 73 was established at Plaihari, South Kalimantan

IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 inSouthKalimantan,

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies 17.19~35.32m MAI was (average the bestperformance had DH32-13 clone, each speed between growth by windswasover11% undertheeleven-gradewind). There weresignificantdifferences of poorest resistanceof breaking by winds inthe adult forest of 6 years(trees breaking ratio resistance(under 10%),M1andDH201-2hadtheLH9224, Sh1hadthehighestwind LH1-9211,was over60%intheyoungforestof1.5years),while ratio bywinds breaking wind), DH32-27 andDH32-26 hadthe poorest windresistance (trees blowing downand found betweeneachclone(winddamagerate was 5%~65%underthe average nine-grade clay soil,and0underlightsandysoil).Statisticallydifferences ofwindresistancewere has the highest resistance to disease (the average incidence was 3.36% under heavy condition, LH9224 has the highest incidence (averaged over 6.7%), however, LH1-9211 (93.7%); There weresignificantdifferences ofantiviralabilitybetweencloneandsite adaptability,of LH9224 over95%withanexception achieve rate could andmostsurvival results showed that hybrid eucalyptus clones still kept excellent characteristics of strong Guangdong andGuangxi provinces, southern Chinathrough afield experiment. The Ten Key words

MAI betweenteneucalyptusclonesundersixsiteconditionswere14.24~26.97m Studies on Adaptability ofTen EucalyptClonesunderDifferent 1 ResearchInstituteofTropical Forestry, Chinese Academy ofForestry, Guangzhou510520,China;2 Eucalyptus Xiaojin LIU : Eucalyptus 3. Guangxi StoraEnsoForestCo.Ltd,Beihai,Guangxi,536000,China ha cloneswereselected to evaluate the adaptability undersixsites in 1 -1. , Zengjiang YANGZengjiang , a -1 ), and the site conditions had significant effecthad significant the siteconditions ), and onyield. The average clone,adaptability, resistance,fastgrowing Sites inSouthernChina 1 *, DapingXU 74 1 , HuJIANG IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 , ShuxiangSU 2 ,

Ping CAO 3. 2 ha -1. a -1 .

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies at the wettestsitewheregrowthwasfastest (density 0.52gcm 3 increase survivalandproductivityabovecurrentlevels. can insilviculture improvements unless environments, dryland forthese appropriate not appear simple, low-costoptiontomass-producemoreproductiveplantingmaterial.Clonalforestrydoes a rapid, base, provide genetic with carefromanappropriate seed sources,developed generation were majordifferences in woodpropertiesamongthesites.Basicdensitywashigher(0.58gcm and clones did not differ significantly intheir wooddensity, pulpyield or lignincontent, but there provenances (72%) and local seed sources (67%). Local seed sources, natural provenances clones. Survival of clones was poorer (50% at 3 years, across the three sites) than natural sources grew significantly faster to 3 years than the natural provenances and the commercial commercial clonesofthespecies.IntrialsatthreedrylandsitesinsouthernIndia,localseed tested against 183 phenotypic selection forgrowthfrom aninitial broadbaseof superiornatural provenanceswere A totalof48progeniesfromfivelocalseedsources ), andNIR-predicted pulpyield lower 43.7%) at the driest site where growth was slowest, than Locally developedseedsourcesof 1 ITCLifeSciencesandTechnology Centre(LSTC),Bangalore–560058,India;2CSIROLandand outperform bestnaturalprovenancesandcommercialclones Water, PrivateBag12,Hobart7001, Australia.; 3CSIRO Agriculture, BlackMountain, ACT 2601, M. Varghese 1 progenies from 6 known best natural provenances and 10 locally developed , C.Harwood in drysouthernIndianenvironments. * Correspondingauthore-mail:[email protected] 2* , D.Bush 3 , B.Baltunis,R.Kamalakannan Australia 75 Eucalyptus camaldulensis E. camaldulensis IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 -3 and pulpyield46.5%).Second- 1 andP. Ramadevi , developedprimarilyby 1

-

Poster Genetics and Breeding Technologies Key words next generationandindividualtreeselectionforclonaltesting. for for furtherselection was done angle) stem straightness,branchthicknessand for alltraitsrangedfrommoderate(0.2)tohigh(0.6).Selectionindexofmultiple(DBH, (straightness) andbranchcharacteristic(thicknessangle). The estimateof heritability andDBH)stemform ingrowthtraits(height showedhighvariation Age 5yearresults the beginning,andlaterselectivelythinnedtoasingletreeperplotatage4years. (1 seedlot). Indonesia with 3-tree-rowplotsandspacedat2x3m The trialwasplanted from Queensland provenances and (2 seedlots) Guinea New (8 seedlots),Papua Australia mean annualrainfallof1,000mmandlownutrientsoil. The familiesrepresented11 original inwesternof using latinisedrow-columndesignwithsixreplicates Thailand at a sitewith pollinated family seedlots from China Eucalypt Research Centre (CERC), was planted trial of The progeny regimes. industrial plantationcompanieswhosegroweucalyptsfor integrated pulpandsawntimber sawn timber,high-value use inmixedspecieswoodlotstargetinglow-volume and alsoby south-eastern of Asia. It is regarded as a potential choicefor both small-scalegrowersfor Eucalyptus pellita

Variation inGrowthandMorphologicalCharacteristicsof : Eucalyptus pellita Eucalyptus pellita has becomeanimportantplantationhardwoodspeciesinsouthernand E. pellita Royal ForestDepartment,Bangkok,Thailand Narin Tedsorn, Vitoon Luangviriyaseng of 66 families, which included individual mother tree,open- individual of66families,whichincluded , geneticvariation,progenytrial Progeny Trial inThailand 76 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Poster Silviculture and Management Key words plantations. fertility,soil maintaining of eucalypt the sustainability to enhance development in green and protecting environment, fertilizer application, chemical trees growth,decreasing promoting DBH is9.01cm. The researchresultshowthatPGPB fertilizer providedspecificactionon nutrient, 1.5atreesaveragehighis12.19m, DBH exceedCKwhichcontain30%inorganic and nutrient, butthetreeshigh 15% inorganic fertilizer onlycontain complex and inorganic contention wereadvanced.It is showthat PGPB appear mostlyeffect. (3) PGPB organic azotobacter was evidence more than that of CK, the soil enzyme activity and azote month, allthetreeshighandDBHexceedCK,numberofsoilmicrobeespecially azote take effect slower than that of chemical fertilizer (CK). But after 6 month till 36 fertilizer application tests results showthat PGPB organicfertilizer whichnoinorganic 2014.3, the trees high of 18 month plantation average 11.16 m, DBH is 7.38cm. (2) The Eucalyptus organic andinorganiccomplexfertilizer. (1) The PGPB preparation wasusedto inoculate a PGPB preparation, PGPB growth werescreenout,andprepared organic fertilizer, PGPB isolated from tree rhizosphere. Some selected strains which distinctly promote trees environment, maintaining soil fertility, PGPB (Plant growth promoting bacteria) were For promoting trees growth, decreasing chemical fertilizer application, protecting Application ofPGPBFertilizerinGreenDevelopmentto Enhance theSustainabilityofEucalyptPlantations seedlings. 1300 ten thousand tree seedlings were inoculated from 2012.10 to seedlings. 1300tenthousandtreeseedlings : PGPBfertilizer, eucalyptplantations,greendevelopment College ofForestry, GuangxiUniversity, Nanning,Guangxi530004,China. Baoling Huang,ChengqunLü,Jiangming Yao, HanRen 77 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

Poster Silviculture and Management Key words: rotations. to ensure that time isrecommended N supplyisableto keep upwithdemandfrom future of decliningNavailability under response toNfertilizerearlyintherotation,butthismaychangeovertime,iftrend significant implications for management of N in species havesubstantiallydifferent impactsonsoilfertility parameters. Ourresultshave higher organic matter, organic C, total N and lower C/N ratios, suggesting that the two 1

under days. Net N mineralization rates under site. An aerobicsoilincubation wascarriedout at roomtemperature overaperiodof 28 using 50mmPVCcores. of speciesand Three plotswereassessedforeachcombination A. mangium mangium (a non-N-fixer) onsoil Navailability. Each of the three sites consisted of adjacent the impacts of change in land usefrom was assessedat three sitesinSouthSumatra,to Soil netnitrogenmineralization explore ), which was significant acrossthethreesites( Decline inSoilNetNitrogenMineralizationunder pellita A. mangium and aerobicincubation,availabilityofnitrogen,decompositionrate rotations. Surface soils were sampled from the upper 10 cm of the profile after E. pellita 1 M. G.Wibisono Faculty ofForestry, GadjahMadaUniversity, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 (6.4-10.4mgNkg Faculty of Agriculture, HaluoleoUniversity, Kendari,Indonesia Acacia mangium 2 CSIRO LandandWater, Hobart,Tasmania, Australia plantations *Corresponding author:[email protected] 1 , D.S.Mendham E. pellita , onUltisolsoils,andwithacommonhistoryof1-2prior -1 28d Acacia mangium E. pellita 78 -1 continues. Further monitoring of Nstatus over ) compared to ) compared 2 , E.B.Hardiyanto in SouthSumatra,Indonesia P E. pellita <0.05). The were found to be approximately double IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 (an N-fixer)to plantations, where there is little E. pellita 1 , L.O.Rustam A. mangium (3.0-6.4mgNkg Eucalyptus Eucalyptus pellita stands alsohad 3 -1 28d A. A. -

Poster Silviculture and Management consists oftwo conducted usingsplit plot designwith four replications inSa KaeoProvince. Main plot conditions. on intercropping An experiment adverseeffects cropswithcassavamayreducethe intercropping tree onenvironment system. intercropping of type aspecial beregardedas can tree componentand Thus Agroforestry systemtriestomakeuseofthisadvantagebycombiningcropswitha plots with spacing showed better growth performance thancontrol plot ( different,significantly different butsignificantly patterns. amongplanting The intercropping The results showed that diameter and total height of clone K7 and clone K51 were not determine theeffect ofintercropping system. Eucalyptus of Growth treatments. among yield compare to order in analyzed and yearly measured ofcassava(control). and monoculture Yield ofcassavagrownonvarioustreatmentswas Eucalyptus of term in plot mspacing 12 of hectare per yield stand the age rotation 3-year For others. the intercropping plots. The yield in narrow spacing (12 m) was significantly lower than plots weresignificantly different fromcontrol plots (cassavamonoculture) andamong of plotsdecreasedinthesecondandthirdcrops. intercropping The yieldsof intercropping different notsignificantly but plot, control Cassavayields plots. intercropping both among K51. of clone different significantly were plots intercropping ofboth values said The from those than greater significantly of cloneK7were fresh weight and biomass tree, stand per different between two clones andamong planting patterns. Total aboveground biomass monoculture) significantly. Survival rateof Key words provided lessfreshtuberyieldthanthoseof otherspacingplots. Feasibility StudyonPlanting Eucalyptus 1 ForestryResearchandDevelopmentBureau,RoyalForestDepartment,61PhaholyothinRd., trees or spacing between strips (alley width), i.e.: 12 m, 16 m and 20 m spacing treesorspacingbetweenstrips(alleywidth),i.e.:12m,16mand20 stands was collected in every six months and three years after planting to : Eucalyptus freshweightwasgreaterthanthoseof16mand20spacingplots,but Eucalyptus * Corresponding author:e-mail:[email protected] Strips intheCassavaCultivation Woraphun Himmapan*,Tosporn Vacharangkura , feasibilitystudy, clones. Subplot consists of spacing between hedgerows of the hedgerows between consists ofspacing Subplot clones. Chatuchak, Bangkok,10900,Thailand

proper strips,Cassava 79 Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Eucalyptus trees incassavagrowingareawas IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Trees withtheProper standswerenotsignificantly Eucalyptus

Poster Silviculture and Management 1 in thesoilsundertheseconditions. The abilityof when compactedandshowedthatthetreespeciesdifferedirrigation intheirabilitytogrow highlighted the differences between the two soiltypes intheir physical properties under stem dryweight,leavesweightandsurfacearearoot/shootratio. This experiment strength, shootheightanddryweight,stemdiameter, roottotallengthanddryweight, to control level. The soilandplant parameters consisted of penetration resistance, shear the tophalf and to moderate compacted was column pot, thebottom halfofthesoil each bars) andthreetreespecies( soil types (clay and sandy clay loam), two soil water potentials (-0.1 and -10.0 bars to -15.0 development under glasshouse conditionofthreetreespecies. The treatmentsweretwo two irrigation regimesandtwo soiltypes(sandyandclay)onshoot growth androot which canmoreeasilypressthecompactedsoilaside. it tochallenge enables which roots insuchsoils its and developrootsinsoilswithhigherstrengthmaybeduetoitspotentialforthickening sandy) further than the other two species. The greater ability of dry strength soils(particularly the higher that itpenetrated other hand,theresultsshowed is agoodindication of its preference to utilise soilswith lowersoilstrength, but onthe root ratioof external/internal species. Ontheonehand,higher other the than greater was aeration poor and resistance) (penetration strength soil high The trialexaminedtheeffect ofcontrolandmoderatelevelssoilcompaction, Key words - P.O. andRangelands, InstituteofForests Research Prof., Associate Box13185-116, Tehran, I.R.Iran. 3- Associate Prof.,DepartmentofForestry, The Australian NationalUniversity, Canberra, ACT 0200, 2- Prof., DepartmentofForestry, The University,Australian National Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Growth ofThreeForestSpeciesunderSoilWater and : A. mearnsii,E.viminalis,P. radiata Email: [email protected], [email protected] H. Sardabi Compaction Stresses Acacia mearnsii 1 , E.P. Bachelard 80 Australia. , , penetrationresistance,soilshearstrength Eucalyptus viminalis P. radiata E. viminalis 2 and A.Gibson IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 which innately has thickerroots innately which to develop roots insoilswith todevelop 3 E. viminalis E. viminalis and Pinus radiata to penetrate indrysoils ). In

Poster Silviculture and Management Climatic conditions suitable for with current climatic conditions. First, that some tropical locations where two risksassociated In risks theclimaticanalyseshighlighted addition totheselong-term plantations ofthesespecies. increasingly largerareas that are currently climatically suitable become unsuitable for However,unsuitable. climatically temperature riseis1.96or3.83°Cthen if theadditional pre-industrial levels)then few areascurrently supporting commercialplantations become on ClimateChangearesuccessfulinkeepingglobaltemperaturerisebelow2°Cabove 1.10 °C above the 0.85 °C rise already experienced (i.e. if the Intergovernmental Panel data in ArcGIS. These maps highlighted that if temperature rise is limited to a further China weregeneratedat a 10 min(about18km) resolution usingCliMondclimatechange in SE areas suitable to thesetwotaxa.Mapsofclimatically was applied domains Asia and a genericmethodforthepreliminaryassessmentofclimatechangeimpactsonplanting 2030, 2050and2080. To lookatthedomainsunderfutureprojected climaticconditions, urograndis) Key words: China areprobablyworthmoredetailedstudy. southern frost risksin and regions tropical in diseases leaf to possible risks linked related global temperature risecanbekeptbeloworcloseto 2°C.However, present climate- Overall, longtermclimatechangeriskstothetwotaxaappearberelativelysmallif the and 2008. wave’in 1991 such asthoseexperienced to eucalypts, tobedamaging conditions,known colder inlandlocationsinsouthernChina. These areasaresubject torelativelysudden‘cold leaf diseaserisks.Second,that areas in Brazil considered climaticallyunsuitableforthe somewhat similar to such asSumatra,areclimatically inregions hybrids arebeinggrown, 1 Canberra, Australia –[email protected],3Chin CSIRO LandandWater, Canberra Planting Domainsfor were identified for were identified current as well conditions projected climaticchangesfor Climate change,plantingdomains,hybrids Trevor Booth , Australia –[email protected], Australia E. urograndis Eucalyptus pellita [email protected] 1 , Tom Jovanovic E. pellita 81 hybrids are being established in increasingly hybridsarebeingestablished a EucalyptResearchCentre,Zhanjiang,China- and 2 ,Roger Arnold and , E.pellita Eucalyptus urophylla IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 E. urograndis E. urograndis ; 2AustralianNationalUniversity, 3 hybrid because of E. urograndis x grandis (E.

Poster Silviculture and Management spp and destruction ofremainingnativeforests.Currently, variousspeciesofthegenera the in areduction to contributed has eucalyptus and aspine such species exotic with The forestry sector is an importantpart of the Brazilian economyand reforestation Key words operational deviationswillanalyzed. of control charts. These features will be evaluated in the field and probable causes of features’ negativeorpositiveeffects, having identifiedthepriorityfeatureswithuse standard areas and a QFD house of quality analysis will be conducted to determine the every quality technical requirement willbeestablished, the competitor analysis based on accordance with the methodology, subsequently, the correlations of each element with with the data obtained from the Suzano Papel eCelulose doBrasil Company. In quality elements and90priority features pertaining to eucalyptussilviculture operations –SP, Limera (Itapetiniga, Brazil). of48 todatehavebeentheidentification results The Company doBrasil Celulose e Papel oftheSuzano outatlocations carried has been collection - QFD.Data deployment function of quality with theuse features technical and silviculture operation’s operational processes, identifying elements inregardto quality silviculture. stands withprecision of eachthe used wasthemapping The methodology eucalyptus production inBrazil, and, indoingso, contribute to the management of forest evaluate thepriorityfeaturesofsilvicultureoperationsinordertoimplementandmonitor may leadtounsatisfactoryresultsinthefield,thisstudy’s objectiveistoidentifyand productivity isrelatedto processes, giventhat the qualityof improper practices operational importance to the successof forestry enterprises. Consideringthat the potential for areoffundamental forestinvestments asallphasesof management, to forestplantation operations are often implemented with little consideration for quality planninginregard quality oftimber. Withtheneedtoexpandsectormeetfuturedemand,silvicultural

Forest ResourcesProgramPosgraduationEscolaSuperiorde Agricultura LuizdeQueirozESALQ – UniversityofSãoPaulo. Av. PáduaDias,11, 13418-900,Piracicaba,SãoPaulo,Brasil.Email: Quality PlanningforSilvicultureOperationsInvolving Pinus : priorityfeatures,forestquality, QualityFunctionDeployment-QFD sppexhibitaveryhighlevelofgeneticimprovement,productivityand Diana Carolina Eucalyptus [email protected] VásquezCastro,Marcos CultureinBrazil 82 , [email protected] IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Milan Eucalyptus

Poster Silviculture and Management 2012, the density of 1,333 trees / ha had the highest growth of 13.5 m. In the 1 For the hybridof growth of6.6m. In thetreespeciestestplantedwithdensityof1,667trees/hain2012, duration and 20 gpertreeof with 9monthsduration).In the 2 thus morecost-effectivefertilizers (25gpertreewith12months thanthetwoslow-release nearly thesamegrowthasand fertilizer (180gpertree)yielded test in2013,theorganic mangium E. urophylla hybrids wereincluded:eucalypt( In the tests of tree species, planting density andfertilization, the following speciesor months, respectively, atthetimeofmeasurement(March2015). planted from August toSeptemberof2012and2013,thetreeagereached3119 of Cambodia. Kingdom Province, Speu climate inKampong monsoon tests were The field development inSoutheast Asia, field planting tests werecarried out underatropical For the purpose of fast-growing tree species selection and plantation technology wood qualitysuchaspulpingpropertiesneed tobemadeafterthreefouryears. However,planning. further research by combining selection varieties and tree species final and making fordecision information reliable relatively and useful provide could planting after the adaptation and growth to 31-month on 19- based findings results and These early control treatment(withoutripping). 400 gpertree. with the about 30%ofgrowthincomparison increased The beltsoilripping tree, andafurther growth of 6%wasachievedwhenthe fertilizer increasedfrom 250to the tree by growth increased 40% whenthe dose of fertilizer increasedfrom 0 to 250 g per for 2 planted in 2013, in planted × were used for1 were E. wetarensis Test forFast-growingTree SpeciesSelectionand Planting nd fertilization(6monthsafterplanting)and3 × A. auriculiformis , E. camaldulensis performedbestintheaveragehighgrowthof 13.1 m. In the speciestest st E. camaldulensis fertilization(atplanting). Aused were fertilizer chemical general-purpose Techniques Development inCambodia E. camaldulensis ). Slow-release fertilizers coatedbyresinandorganicfertilizer ). Slow-release x × E. wetarensis Daio PaperCorporation × E. wetarensis E. wetarensis Shinsaku Tobita Eucalyptus urophylla 83

rd ), fertilization(18monthsafterplanting). also grew fastest with the average high the average fastest with grew also Acacia mangium intheplantingdensitytestplanted IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 × nd fertilization test in 2013, E. grandis andacaciahybrid( E. camaldulensis , E. grandis st fertilization A. A.

×

Poster Silviculture and Management accelerate thesoilripeningdegree,andisfavorabletogrowthof properties, chemical and physical soil to improve is conducive Colony that thecompound and availablephosphoruscontent increasedsignificantly. These aboveresults indicated bulk density inthe compoundColonydecreased, while, the soilorganicmatter content , with the increment of the compoundColony’s formation time,the soil acidity and soil In themeanwhile were respectivly14.6 cm and2.5sprouting. height andbranchesnumber in increments average ,the months seven implated after .And, 98% was rate survival and 13%. After implantedinthecompoundbiocoenosistwomonths, and base diameter of Eucalyptus from the compound biocoenosis were respectively 8% that,compared with pureEucalyptus forest ,theaverageincreasedpercentage inheight and thequalityof glabra Eucalyptus andSarcandra these two biocoenosis on some physical and chemical properties of soil, the growth of Key words compound Colony. Thus itpromots avirtuouscycleof soil preparation andimproved the stabilityand environmental protection function of the Sarcandra glabra lower than herbal heavy metal contentlimitsprescribedby the State. Once transplanting stems stillcontainlowmercury, copper, lead,cadmium,arseniccontent,whichismuch edge ofvillage.Evengrowninsoilwithhigharsenicandcadmium, biocoenosis in different places are not the same, the contents on the slopes below the Sarcandra glabra ecological environmentinwhich Which plant ,who livestogether with of housing andeconomic development? In this paper,we compared the compound Colony The CompoundColonyof Eucalyptus YanpingYe 4 StateKeyLaboratoryforconservationandutilizationofsubtropical Agro-bioresources : Eucalyptus and 1 , YongguangPan Influence onSoilandPlantsintheColony . Inaddition,thecontentsofsoilarsenicandcadiumincompound , itdoesn’trequirereplanteachyear, which decreasedtheintensityof 1 Collegeof Agriculture, GuangxiUniversity, Nanning,China Sarcandra glabra 3 CollegeofForestry, GuangxiUniversity, Nanning,China , 2 NanningInstituteofForestry, Nanning,China Sarcandra glabra 5Nanning Yuzhen bioteccompany 2 , ShangBoJiang Eucalyptus with Eucalyptus Eucalyptus 84 , colony, soil Eucalyptus 1 , BaolingHuang lives,moreconducivetothenational Sarcandra glabra Sarcandra ,is morefavorable to improve the Eucalyptus Colony, toexploretheinfluenceof and IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 3 , Yiping Cui , Yiping Sarcandra Glabra plantationecosystem. .Theresultsshowed Sarcandra glabra Sarcandra glabra 4 , XiaoZhenXiao Eucalyptus and 5 ’s ’s ’s ’s ’s ’s

Poster Silviculture and Management K. differencesThere wereinsignificant replicates. experiment oneachsite was arrangedina Randomized CompletelyBlockDesignwith6 on thefirstsiteitwasfineloamyand secondclayeytextured. The non-fertilized plantscomparedtoonloamysoil. far. so rotation of growth poorer to due was soil clayey in fertilization to response Higher indicated that nitrogen has not been a limiting factor to longer, didnotsignificantlyimprovegrowthandyieldofthe and 12months; T soil andupto240%onclayeycompared T Eucalyptus plantation sitesinRiauto study the effect of nitrogen fertilizerrateongrowthandyieldof nitrogenapplication. limited tosupportjudicious to planted on sites previously nitrogen However,fixing plantstofertilizerespecially as nonnitrogen ofeucalypts dataonresponse of increasingmortality Eucalyptus At age3years,treatments T effect of fertilizationwassignificantonstemdiameterandstandvolumeuntilage3years. of volume significantlycomparedto T (T T respectively. Nitrogen was applied by split application (T Response of 4 Nitrogen rate higherthan70kgha treatments. Nitrogen 2 Acacia mangium E. ), 184(T hybrid was better on fine loamy soil than clayey soil, however insignificant. There were5treatmentstested,namelyzerofertilizer(T hybrid ( planting size in Riau central Sumatra Indonesia is increasing in the view 3 APRIL ForestryR&DPT. Riau Andalan PulpandPaper, Sumatra,Indonesia ) and302(T 4 Results showed that overall growth = at0, 4, 8,12,18and24months). Resultsshowedthatoverall Eucalyptus E.

grandis Sabar Siregar 4 ) kgNha SitesintheHumidTropical RiauIndonesia Acacia mangium x 1 -T pellita 4 increasedthestandvolumeupto50%onfineloamy -1 HybridtoNitrogen Application onex- 0 * . 27 kgPAll fertilized plotsreceived and33kgKha indicatingapositiveresponseof , Fui KhiongWong, ) clone. The soil on both sites were Ultisols where in growth and in growth A. mangium 85 duetorootrotandvascularwilt diseases. has beenconductedon2 An experiment -1 0 for2rotationsormorehasbeenvery .

andsplittingthenitrogenapplication Treatment T volume between volume T Agus Subechi 2 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 = at 0 and 4 months, T E. E. hybrid productivity in third hybridonbothsites. 0 1 ), zeronitrogen(T increasedgrowth and E. 1 compared to compared hybridtoP and 3 = at 0, 4, 8 1 ), 70 ), 70 This The

T 2 -1 -

Poster Silviculture and Management Key words: period requiredwhichhasresultedinsurvivalof90-95%plantletsduringacclimatization. of The modification both cultureprotocolsandmediahasshortenedthe incubation levels. to ambient in-vitro) (in excessof90% humidity fromhigh acclimatized be gradually improvement of the misting chambers has been beneficial so that the in-vitro plants can period for rooting stage alsotake c.4 weekspriorto nurseryacclimatization. A careful 20,000mg/Lacid, (IBA)and 3-butiric mg). from 30,000 (reduced sucrose The incubation rooting stage, the elongated shoot inoculated onMSmediacontained 0.25mg/L indole- directly to the rooting stage without going through a separate elongation process. In shoots. culture to produce about15-30elongated shoots canbetransferred The elongated vessels at subculture 4 and onwards. The incubation periodtakes c.4 weeks for the plant stage. multiplication from onevesselto2 ratetoincrease This facilitatedthemultiplication Lacid (NAA)and30,00mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic flask atthe sucroseina250mlconical of 1.5-1.8cm onMS mediacontaining 0.50mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and0.1mg/ during themultiplication stagebyspreadingthe cultureclumpswithaveragediameter technique culturing of changing clones. growing offield coppice frombasal reestablishment 50%. from0to ranged nursery by cultures reinvigorating included; improvements These of shootswaslimitedandsurvivalplantsaftertransfertothe on thefoliage.Elongation cultures were prone to overt callus formation at both the base of the shoot clumps and acclimatization stageinthenursery. Priortotheprocessimprovementsnotedhere, media has been carried out to improve productivity both in the laboratory and the based onthe publicdomainprotocol. Majorrefinement of both technique andculture In vitro propagation of Eucalyptus urophylla Improving MicropropagationandTransplant Survivalof stage andelongation 1 SabahSoftwoodsBerhad,P. O.Box 60966,91019,Tawau, Sabah,Malaysia In vitro propagation, subculture, incubation period, multiplication stage, rooting In vitropropagation,subculture,incubationperiod, multiplicationstage,rooting Eucalyptus urophyllax E. grandis (uxg)hybrid S.Supu 2 Scion,PrivateBag3020,Rotorua,NewZealand 1 , Y.Japarudin X E. Grandis Culture 1 , C.Hargraves 86 ( 2 andM.Lapamu Uxg IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 ) HybridVia Tissue 1 has beendeveloped

Poster Silviculture and Management process. sugar 45daysafter planting whichcouldprobablybedueto its utilization inthe rooting an increase insugar content , whereas IBA 2000cuttings depicted decline inreducing the levelinIBAalmost twicethatofcontrol. 4000being The IBA 4000andcontrolshowed 4000 treatment. There wasfurtherincreaseinthecontentsofreducingsugarsat30days, IBAin IBA treatedcuttingthanthatofthecontrol.Maximumsugarcontentwasobserved greater inthe was significantly 15 daysperiod segments during in thebasal accumulated hybrid treatedwithdifferent concentrationsofIBA. The resultsrevealedthatthesugar difference incarbohydrate pattern inrooting zoneof nodalcuttings of available inthebaseofcuttings. The presentstudywasundertakentothe enhance the root number also. Auxin helps in rooting process by making carbohydrate development. and of rootmeristembut in theinitiation not only role important Auxins play Complex interplay of external andinternal factors affects the processof root induction Carbon nutritioninrootingprocessofnodalcuttings Eucalyptus Forest ResearchInstituteDeemedUniversity, Dehradun Meena BakshiandManpreetKaur* hybridasaffectedby Auxin 87 IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus

Poster Forest Health ribosomal DNA, and two regions of the under fieldconditions.DNA sequencecomparisonsforthepartialLSUandITSnuclear comparisons and morphological features, and its pathogenicity was tested on observed onthesurfacesofcankers. based onDNAThe funguswasidentified sequence were of theCryphonectriaceae characteristics structures withtypical Fruiting Region. Kong infect include assessments to determine whether this newly discovered pathogen is able to with theability to killthe inoculated brancheswithin fourweeks.Future studies will inoculations showedthat this newgenus of is pathogenic to but can bedistinguished from this andthe other genera of Cryphonectriaceae. Field studies showed that this fungus is most similar to species in the genus a previouslyundescribedgenusandspeciesintheCryphonectriaceae.Morphological of observed on native was a stemcankerdisease survey onMyrtalesinSouthChina, disease . During The Cryphonectriaceaeincludesmanyimportanttreepathogens,especiallyofthe potential threatto This fungus andits relatives must bemonitored carefully infuture to understand their host jumpsfromnativeMyrtalesto infect have undergone Cryphonectriaceae 2 1 A NewGenusofCryphonectriaceaeCausesStemDiseaseon Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), UniversityofPretoria,0028,South ChinaEucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),ZhanJiang524022, Native Eucalyptus Eucalyptus and PossiblyThreatens Rhodomyrtus tomentosa plantations inGuangxi Provinceandinanatural forest areainthe Hong ShuaiFei Chen trees. This wouldbeconsistent withthefact that many otherspeciesof Euclalyptus Rhodomyrtus tomentosa * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] propagation. 1,2* , GuoQingLi GuangDong Province,China β-tubulin 88 1 Africa , FeiFeiLiu Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) trees growing in the proximity (Myrtaceae)inSouthChina gene showed that the fungus represents 1,2 , MichaelJ.Wingfield IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Propagation R. tomentosa 2 Chrysoporthe R. tomentosa Eucalyptus trees, , .

Poster Forest Health emergence of thefungal disease, termites. barking of tree stem included by treeshrews,defoliation byinsectsanddamagecaused E. onvarious causingdamage documented been that have pest species aspotential some ofthepests,aswell This studyhighlights damage that they wouldcauseasthispreventorminimizepotentialpestinfestation. species. At the same time, it is also vitaltothe understand potential pest species andthe mangium supply from natural forest.Lately,supply fromnatural themoveto plant ever increasingdemandfor industrial wood, andto reducethe pressureonthe shrinking of establishment The hybrid) in Sabah, especially in the trial plots under Sabah Forestry Department. Department. Forestry Sabah under plots trial the in especially Sabah, in hybrid) They Forest ResearchCentre,SabahForestryDepartment,P.O. Box1407,90715Sandakan,Sabah, A NoteonSomePestsof plantations inthis region. Hence, it isimportant to diversify the plantation tree Chung, A.Y.C., Pang,K.N.K.,Kimjus,K., Ajik,M., Ong, R.C.&Johnlee,E.B. Fax :089531068.Email:[email protected] Eucalyptus plantations is gaining momentum in Sabah to meet the meet to Sabah in momentum gaining is plantations Ceratocystis Malaysia Eucalyptus 89 Eucalyptus , whichhasseverelyaffected the species( IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus in Sabah,Malaysia E. pellita is primarily duethe isprimarily , E. grandis Acacia and

Poster Forest Health million high-quality clean reads weregeneratedon average and assembled infection basedonthesecondgenerationsequencingtechnology. Approximately 57.4 of Bs after viral infection, transcriptomes of Bs were sequenced before and after BsNPV which infectsBswithhighspecificityandefficiency. To probethechangesofkeygenes south ofChina. Buzura suppressaria Key words virus whetherinquantityorcontent. soared inverylatephase.Conclusively, termsassociatedwithinfection processofthe related processesincreasedsignificantlyinlatestage,andtermsofdefensefunction mainly aggregated byvariousenzymesandmetabolic pathways, thus the development database. Genes with differential expression at the initial stage of virus infection were vs. 24 h and control vs. 48 h had much more identical terms than control vs. 72 h in all comparison. pairwise 1 least at in regulated down A Control was: found feature salient difference analysisthat25,212unigeneswereupregulatedand22,880 unigenes (48.1%) weremappedto at least 1database. It could befound byexpression (COG), were used toannotate unigenes through NCBI BLAST procedure, and 33,575 Encyclopedia of Genes andGenomes (KEGG), andthe Cluster of Orthologous Groups (NR), Swiss-Prot,Kyoto protein NCBI nonredundant databases; 4public unigenes. 69,761 Infection of *Corresponding Author at:GuangxiZhuang Autonomous RegionForestryResearchInstitute,23# 2, CollegeofForestry, CentralSouthUniversityofForestryand Technology, Changsha,China Assembled Comparative Transcriptomics of 1, GuangxiZhuang Autonomous RegionForestryResearchInstitute,Nanning,China Ji Luo : Transcriptome; 1 2* Buzura suppressaria Buzura , YatingZhong Buzura suppressaria (Bs) is a defoliator that causes serious harm to eucalyptus trees in the (Bs)isadefoliatorthatcausesseriousharmtoeucalyptustreesinthe de novo e-mail:[email protected] (JiLuo) Yongwu Road,Nanning,530002,China. de novo 1 , JiyuZhu Tel. &fax:+867712319844 Yields InsightsintoResponseafter , nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BsNPV) is a baculovirus virus (BsNPV)isabaculovirus polyhedrosis nuclear Buzura suppressaria 1 , GuoyingZhou 90 Nuclear PolyhedrosisVirus 2 Buzura suppressaria , HuayanHuang IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 , viralinfection,NPV 1 , YaojunWu de novo 1 into

Poster Forest Health and (FABI), BiotechnologyInstitute Agricultural UniversityofPretoria,PrivateBagX20,Hatfield,Pretoria of this study wasto identify important known intheregion,butlittle isknownregardingtheseproblemsinZimbabwe. The aim decades have revealed several important fungal diseases that were previously not on in bordersofthecontinent. the asbeyond well as Africa Tree surveys conducted health robust breeding programme, it has become a major source of seed for other countries Zimbabwe embarked on planting caused by species belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae, to identify collected pathogens to species level. Widespread stem canker diseases, climatic regions.MorphologicalcharacteristicsandDNA sequencedatawereused and in the Capnodiales, gauchensis the presence of the stem canker pathogen identify stumps andincludedspeciesof that couldcausecankersorbluestainoftimberwereisolatedfromrecentlyharvested Fungi root andstemrot was restrictedtoasinglesiteintheEasternHighlands. Armillaria Teratosphaeriaceae Key words country. provide afoundationfortheformulationoffuturediseasemanagementstrategiesin the a Department ofPlantProductionandSoilScience,ForestSciencePostgraduateProgramme,Forestry Eucalyptus b Department ofMicrobiologyandPlantPathology, FABI, UniversityofPretoria,PrivateBagX20, N . Eucalyptus parvum c Bindura UniversityofScienceEducation(BUSE),P. Bag1020,Bindura,Zimbabwe , were identified.Furthermore, symptomsof leaf spot diseases causedbyfungi : leaf spot,rootrot, stem cankers, Capnodiales, Armillaria, Botryosphaeriaceae, Diseases of species in some east and southern African countries over the past two , aswellthosebelongingtothe Teratosphaeriaceae, pathogens tospecieslevelinZimbabweandwereportfor the first time Mycosphaerella marksii L Jimu Hatfield, Pretoria0028,South Africa Eucalyptus a , MJWingfield Ceratocystis Eucalyptus 0028, South Africa 0028, Eucalyptus 91 and T. gauchensis b , EMwenje SpeciesinZimbabwe and species in the early 1900’s. Based on a Teratosphaeria ohnowa Ophiostoma diseases across Zimbabwe’s agro- c , JRoux IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 in southern Africa. The results Neofusicoccum eucalyptorum b . This studyisthefirst to , were observed. Teratosphaeria

Poster Forest Health The gallwasp studies areongoingtoassessitsimpactonpopulationsof release point. The establishment of majority of non-releasesites monitored, includingsites over60kmfrom the nearest and spreadwithin most releasesites. Furthermore, the parasitoid wasdetected at the number of releaseandnon-releasesites. Resultsshowedthat In additionstickytrapswereusedtodeterminethepresence/absenceof collected overatwo-yearperiodfromtenpermanentsamplingsitesacrossthecountry. Eulophidae), whichwasreleasedforthefirsttimein2012South Africa. Datawere establishment and spreadof the biological control agent pest since it was first detected outside its native rangeinIsrael2000.We monitored the strategiesusedtomanagethistree death.Biologicalcontrolhasbeenoneofthemain galls on spread tomanypartsoftheworldwhere 3. DepartmentofMicrobiologyandPathology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), 1. DepartmentofZoologyandEntomology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), 2. DepartmentofGenetics,Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), University of Biological Control Agent of Field Establishmentof Kwabena Baffoe Eucalyptus Leptocybe invasa Leptocybe treesandsevereinfestationsresultinstuntedgrowthsometimes 1 University ofPretoria,0002,South Africa University ofPretoria,0002,South Africa , JeffGarnas Pretoria, 0002,South Africa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is native to is native Eulophidae) (Hymenoptera: buthas Australia, 1 , BernardSlippers Selitrichodes neseri S. neseri 92 Eucalyptus Leptocybe invasa across South Africa isencouragingand 2 , MichaelWingfield spp. aregrown. The insectcauses Selitrichodes neseri IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 L. invasa. S. neseri (Eulophidae),a 3 (Eulophidae) , BrettHurley has established (Hymenoptera: (Hymenoptera: S. neseri 1* at a

Poster Forest Health diseases foundin plantations andnurseries. Amongst these,greymoldcausedby also toprotectnaturalforestsinSouthChina.Manydiseasesaffect thesetreesinboth Eucalyptus conidiophores and conidia ofthecausalpathogen. and conidia conidiophores of The species plant partswerecoveredwithmycelium, Diseased Province inSouthChina. of Guangdong of on stemsandleaves disease managementstrategiesforgreymoldon integrated was virulentonallfourtestedclones.Futureresearchwillfocusdeveloping Analyses ofthesequencesconfirmedthatisolatescollectedfrom RNADNA-dependent 60 (HSP60)and protein regions. gene II (RPB2) subunit polymerase ribosomal DNA (ITS),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase(G3PDH),heat-shock usingDNAwere identified sequences data of the internal transcribedspacerregionsof the pathogenicity ofthefunguswastestedondifferent Eucalyptus leaf inoculation tests showed that the that these all thoseof were 2 1 Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), UniversityofPretoria,0028,South ChinaEucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),ZhanJiang524022, Genetic DiversityandPathogenicityof Botrytis hasbecomeapreferredspeciesfortheproductionofindustrialproductsbut seedlings was identified based on multiple-gene phylogenetic analyses, and the seedlings wasidentifiedbasedonmultiple-genephylogeneticanalyses,andthe Diseased QianLi Liu B. cinerea isolates most likely represent a single clone represent asingle most likely isolates Eucalyptus * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] E. urophylla×grandis Eucalyptus 1 , GuoQingLi . DNAshowed regions gene of multiple comparisons sequence nurseries.Recently, symptoms ofgraymoldwereobserved GuangDong Province,China B. cinerea 1 , MichaelJ.Wingfield 93 Seedlings inSouthChina Africa isolated from seedlings in nurseries in Zhanjiang region seedlings innurseriesZhanjiangregion Eucalyptus Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 , ShuaiFeiChen Botrytis cinerea seedlingsinnurseries. E. urophylla × E. grandis . The resultsofthe clones. Thirty-six isolates clones. Thirty-six Botrytis cinerea Eucalyptus Botrytis 1,2* infecting the nurseries from isoneof in vitro clone clone

Poster Forest Health twenty-eight in thosestudies.Inthisstudyweevaluated hostpreferenceof of interesttotheSouth many ofthegenotypes not included African forestryindustrywere ofwhich a broadindication die-back anddeath of weakorseverelyinfested plants. Previousstudies haveprovided lerps become moist, combined with the impact of the direct feeding may cause leaf wilt, brimblecombei results showwidelyvaryinglevelsofsusceptibilitythetested selection tests,spectrophotometerandolfactiontestsusingy-tubes.Preliminary brimbelcombei Since then, Australia. fromCaliforniain1998. The firstrecordofthisinsectoutsideitsnativerangewas Glycaspis brimblecombei Host Preference of the Invasive 1. DepartmentofZoologyandEntomology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), 2. DepartmentofGenetics,Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), University of G. brimblecombei Eucalyptus construct lerpswhenthey feed. The sooty mouldthat developswhenthe was reported in Pretoria, South Africa in June 2012. The nymphs of (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)inSouth Africa Samantha Bush genotypes. This evaluation includedchoice and no-choicehost Moore (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is aeucalypt pest native to Eucalyptus University ofPretoria,0002 hasspreadtoSouth America, Europeand Africa. Pretoria, 0002 1 , BernardSlippers species and genotypes are most at risk. However speciesandgenotypesaremostatrisk.However 94 Glycaspis brimblecombei 2 , BrettHurley IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus 1* G. brimblecombei genotypes. Glycaspis Moore Moore on on G. G.

Poster Forest Health and develop managementstrategies. provinces. Futureworkisneededtoelucidatetheirimpacton of of a species-rich familythat includes pathogens of wide variety of trees, including species YunNan, aswellFuJianProvincesinSouthChina. isThe family Botryosphaeriaceae covering of4.6millionha,themajorplantedareasareGuangXi,GuangDong,HaiNan, Presently, brasiliense these species includes Botryosphaeriaceae, of species nine represent isolates that showed results Research characteristics. morphological their with combined and regions, gene β-tubulin and 1-α, of DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor and FuJianProvinces. GuangDong based oncomparisons These isolateswereidentified study, 105isolates of Botryosphaeriaceae werecollected from Diseased symptomsmainlyincludestemandshootcanker, shootandtwigblight.Inthis were observedinthemain Botryosphaeriaceae China EucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),ZhanJiang524022, Botryosphaeria Eucalyptus Identification andDistributionofBotryosphaeriaceaefrom L. pseudotheobromae , Eucalyptus L. pseudotheobromae . Recently, of diseases and * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] Eucalyptus Botryosphaeria fabicerciana Neofusicoccum plantations inChinahavereachedthe remarkablepoint of weredominant, whichweredistributed inallthreesurveyed GuangDong Province,China GuoQing Li,ShuaiFeiChen* , L. theobromae PlantationsinChina . Of these species, Eucalyptus 95 Eucalyptus , and each of two undescribed species , Neofusicoccum parvum plantations caused by species of species by caused plantations IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 B. fabicerciana planted areasinSouthChina. Eucalyptus Eucalyptus , speciesandto L. theobromae , Lasiodiplodia inGuangXi,

Poster Forest Health Key words impact ofthedisease,bothinnurseryandplantation. the to reduce strategies management of targeted for thedevelopment allow will pathogens than onespeciesof were the cause of the observed disease symptoms. DNA sequence data showed that more for species characterization. Koch’s postulates were tested to test if the isolated species to determine the mating strategies of the isolates andto provide morphological features histone 3,andmorphologicalcomparisons. The formationofsexualstructureswasinduced and β-tubulin TEF-1α, ITS, the including regions, gene multiple from data sequence on based fromdyingcuttingsandleafblightsymptoms.Specieswereidentified was isolated rot and leaf blightwasobservedaffecting plantsinnurseriesandplantations. cases resulting in total defoliation of susceptible tree species. In Ghana, and sub-tropical regions Disease especially occurs in nurseries, in the form of damping-off and cutting rot. In tropical Calonectria Department ofMicrobiology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), Universityof Identification of : Cuttingrot,leafblight, speciesresultinmajorannuallossestotheplantationforestryindustry. * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] Calonectria Esna duPlessis, Alistair McTaggart, JolandaRoux*. Eucalyptus Calonectria Calonectria Pretoria, Pretoria0028,South Africa. waspresent at the time of isolation. Identification of the Cylindrocladium species also cause leaf spot and blight, in some ClonesinGhana 96 SpeciesCausingDiseaseof IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Calonectria Calonectria cutting

Poster Forest Health results ofthis study showthat bacterial wiltof each of the gene regions sequenced in this study confirmed the phylotyping results. The sequevars. undescribed to twopreviously to belong from trees obtained The phylogenetic found were Colombia and from China the isolates analyses, phylogenetic Using belonged. variant’ or‘sequence to identifythe‘sequevar’ it waspossible region each isolate towhich spp., namely, of theseisolates.Withthe diversity the genetic so astocharacterise sequenced include three species, namely, and sub-tropicalregions.In2014,thecausalagentofbacterialwiltwasreclassifiedto China, Indonesia, South Africa, Brazil and Colombia where ittypically occurs intropical lato industries. One such disease is bacterial wilt caused by Diseases andpestsofthistreearenumerousresultinsignificantlossestoforestry Eucalyptus ( solanacearum R. pseudosolanacearum rRNA gene sequencing. The isolates from China, Indonesia and Africa were identifiedas symptoms of bacterial wilt andwereidentified as and Brazil. All of the isolates hadbeencultured from South Indonesia, Africa, Uganda, (DRC), Colombia of theCongo Republic The Democratic isolates as Phylotype I andIII isolates arenowknown as had beendevelopedforthesub-classificationof syzygii egl 1. DepartmentofMicrobiologyandPlantPathology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute Gabrielle Carstensen ), transcriptional regulator ( ), transcriptional . Bacterial wilt of Identification ofTwo 2. ChinaEucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),China . These speciesdescriptionswerefoundto scheme that be linkedto a phylotyping spp. are propagated commercially in plantationsmanycountriesworldwide. commercially spp.arepropagated R. solanacearum R. solanacearum (Phylotype II). In to addition phylotyping of the isolates, the endoglucanase 1 , StephanusVenter Eucalyptus Bacterial Wilt of (Phylotype I)andtheisolatesfromBrazilColombiaas . Inthisstudy, and hrpB Ralstonia solanacearum has been reported from various countries including Ralstonia ) and DNA) and ( mismatchrepair R. pseudosolanacearum (FABI),South Africa 1 , ShuaiFeiChen 97 Ralstonia Eucalyptus R. pseudosolanacearum Eucalyptus Species Associated with R. solanacearumsensu lato R. solanacearumsensulato isolateswereobtainedfromChina, 1,2 , MikeWingfield IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Eucalyptus , is associatedwithtwo R. pseudosolanacearum Ralstonia solanacearum sensu . mutS trees showingtypical 1 ) gene regions were regions ) gene , Teresa Coutinho andPhylotype II isolates. Ralstonia egl by16S and gene 1* R. R. R. R.

Poster Forest Health value sites. scale field experiments to influence the moth populations through mass trapping at high open the opportunity to use this pheromone, dispenser and trap combination for large in thefield. changes rates astemperature release in pheromone variations These results was dispensed.Variations inthe numbers of that are caughtmay be influencedby permeation dispensers releasepheromonecompounds inaratio that mirrors that which emitted ratios mirror the volumetrically dispensed ratios. This result confirms that our Results show that pheromone release rates are influenced by temperature and that the micro extraction(SPME)samplingmethodfollowedbychromatographicquantification. determine thereleaserates method andratiosthroughasolidphase through agravimetric compounds fromthisartificial pheromonedispenserwereinvestigated. Inthis studywe dispensed incertain volumetric ratios. The actual release rates andratios of pheromone were compounds the pheromone the field,butonlywhen moths in male to lure shown was permeation devicethatcontainedpurepheromonecompoundsindifferent combinations 14OH) andtetradecenylacetate(14OAc). Traps baitedwithacustommadepheromone pheromone as of a acetate (Z9-14OAc), combination Z9-tetradecenyl Z9-tetradecenol (Z9- part ofthestudy,In anearlier with asexpheromone. at night males the sex weidentified in thehighaltitude summerrainfallareasof South Africa. Female Coryphodema tristis 1. UniversityofPretoria;2.DepartmentChemistry;3.DepartmentGenetics;4.University Pheromoned Ispenserforthe Pheromone ReleaseRatesandRatio’s froman Artificial Marc Bouwer is a lepidopteron pest that infests 1,2* , BernardSlippers Moth, Coryphodema tristis 1,3 98 , MichaelWingfield Eucalyptus IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1,4 , EgmontRohwer -infesting Cossid C. tristis trees planted moths attract 2,4

Poster Forest Health the Eucalyptusgallwasp in 2004, discovered outsideitsnativerangeandlaterdescription to being Subsequent 1 spp. are planted. Inordertotracetheroutesandextentof spp. areplanted. regarding theinvasionhistoryof the reproductivemodeininvasiverange. knowledge They willalsoprovideadditional in the existence ofacrypticspecies confirm thepossible in thisstudyshould markers developed having to deal with two different lineages of the pest. Ongoing research using the SSR enemies andresistant planting stock should consider the likely scenario of eventually pests. Furthermore,it isimportantthatmanagementefforts usinghighlyspecificnatural to haltthemovementofplantation measures of currentquarantine the weakness underline of sub-populations Preliminary analyses of 13newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in and mostof Africa. The secondtype(LineageB)co-occurswiththe A-type in Thailand. East, South the Middle in Europe, type found is theexclusive range, and invaded America introduced intodifferent partsoftheworld.Onetype(Lineage A) occursthroughoutthe distinct lineages, which could represent cryptic species, appear to have been independently I (COI) haplotypes wereidentified, of whichthree werefound inthe invadedrange. Two From the460 regions. and invaded its origin we characterised the genetic diversity within andbetween populations of the waspfrom Department ofZoologyandEntomology, Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute,Universityof Gudrun Dittrich-Schröder 3 2 Forest IndustriesResearch Department ofGenetics,Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute,UniversityofPretoria, Invasion HistoryfortheEucalyptusGallWasp, Population Genetic Analysis RevealsaComplexGlobal L. invasa populations, hybridization or admixture between the two lineages, and L. invasa invasa 1 , BrettP. Hurley Leptocybe invasa Centre, TheUniversityoftheSunshineCoast,Queensland, Australia Pretoria, 0002,South Africa supported the distinction of thetwolineages. the distinction supported These findings (Hymenoptera:Eulophidae) L. invasa Pretoria, 0002,South Africa Bernard Slippers 1 , MichaelJ.Wingfield . 99 hasspreadtoallcontinentswhere L. invasa 2 specimens,19cytochromeoxidase IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 1,2 , SimonLawson L. invasa introductions globally, introductions Leptocybe 3 , HelenNahrung Eucalyptus 3 ,

Poster Forest Health significant losses for the screening of understanding of the species diversity of for plantation establishment in the future. This will, however, require a more comprehensive results suggestthat clones preliminary therearegoodprospectsto select disease-tolerant infection different dependingonthe speciesof showed that allthe tested the country.of species with twelve Leafinoculations more species of a surprisinglyhighlevelof diversity inarelatively smallarea. It alsosuggests that many species of twenty-seven identified recently have regions gene factor-1α elongation translation and H3 histone calmodulin, β-tubulin, the of comparisons sequence DNA nurseries. in leaves and Eucalyptus and seedlingsinnurseries. The diseasesymptomscausedbyspeciesof are widelyplantedinSouthChinaandpathogenicspeciesof and woodyplantsworldwide. damage toalargenumberofherbaceous The genus 2 1 Forestryand Agricultural BiotechnologyInstitute(FABI), UniversityofPretoria,0028,South ChinaEucalyptResearchCentre(CERC),Chinese Academy ofForestry(CAF),ZhanJiang524022, Species of in China includeleafblight on treesin plantations as well asrotting of stems Calonectria Calonectria Eucalyptus Genetic DiversityandIncreasingImportance JieQiong Li Calonectria Calonectria * Corresponding authore-mail:[email protected] from clonesforresistancetothesepathogens. includesnumerousimportant pathogens that causesignificant Eucalyptus 1 , GuoQingLi Calonectria Eucalyptus remain to bediscovered inSouth Chinaandelsewhere in GuangDong Province,China Infecting industry, where thesefungiinfect trees in plantations 1 , MichaelJ.Wingfield species produced lesions although the levels of plantations andnurseriesinSouth China. This is 100 Africa Calonectria Calonectria Eucalyptus Calonectria in the region as well as intensive IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 2 , ShuaiFeiChen andtheclonestested. These onten inChina:High Calonectria 1,2* Eucalyptus Eucalyptus Calonectria cancause clones trees on on

Poster Forest Health Key words rust infection. behavior of Eucalyptus treesunder and physiological characterize long-termmorphological disease genotype orby controlling the disease chemically. More studies areneededto importance ofmaintainingthesanityEucalyptusplantationorbyselectingatolerant behavior, sites. highproductive mainlyconsidering ontheThese resultsshedlight this isthefirst report of the effect of rust on Eucalyptuswoodgrowthandits ecophysiology treatments(12and37%higher,corrective andpreventive respectively). To ourknowledge, at agefiveof39m³ha-1yr-1,against43and53yr-1 increment a meanannual in canopydevelopment,aswellleafsanity. Consequently, control treatmentobtained MJ-1). g (0.98 control effect negative the evidencing clearly results These disease the of in curativeandpreventivecontrol(1.061.24gMJ-1)comparedwiththeabsence of light useefficiency wasalsohigherwhenfungicideswereapplied, being8and26%higher 4 m²m-2leaf/soil)thanthenon-treatedplots(3.7leaf/soil),respectively. Inaddition, planting. Leaf area indexwas8and22%higherincurativepreventivecontrol(4.5 Woodof saplings. month age five yearsafter evaluated were leaf areaindex and growth after planting;fivepulverizationofthesamefungicidepreventively, i.e.,from1stto7th (Triadimenolof afungicide pulverization curative one managers: months seven g l-1) 250 use efficiency. We used two treatments besides controlplotsthat are commonlyappliedby to quantify the effectclone onwoodproductivityandlight of rustinaEucalyptusurophylla aspects thatcontrolwoodproduction. the ecophysiological The objectiveofthisstudywas done toevaluateitsimpactontreegrowthbytheendofrotation,aswellcharacterize and has caused severe damage inforest productivity. However, few studies have been diseases in forest plantation. Puccinia psidii is the main pathogen in Eucalyptus forests of occurrence increasing are occupation landscape of expansion and warming Global Rodrigo Hakamada 2The UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,C.P. 179,P.O. Box1011Bissau Codex,Guinea-Bissau Wood ProductivityandLightUseEfficiency Affected byRust 1Forest ResourcesGraduateProgram,UniversityofSãoPaulo,13400-970Piracicaba,SP, Brazil 3 InternationalPaperdoBrasil,SP 340Road–Km171,MogiGuaçu,SP 13.840-970,Brazil : leafareaindex,eucalyptdisease,stocking, forestplantation ( Puccinia psidii 1 , SimoneTakahashi Paulo Vomero ) in 2 , JosédaSilvaTeixeira Eucalyptus urophylla 101 3 , CarlaGarcia IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 3 , GabrielaMoreira 3 Clone 3 , CristianeLemos 3 ,

Poster Utilization groups weresignificantlylowerthanthat in Congroup(P<0.05); a talently increase in ADG than Con group (P<0.05). FCR of 0.3 g/kg, 0.6 g/kg, 0.9 g/kg intake ofpigswasrecordedineveryweek. And theresultsshowed: trial was30days. The supplementation ofdiet andwater werelimitless for allpigs. The diet+0.6g/kg EPE,basicdiet+0.9g/kgdiet+1.2EPE. of the The duration received diets differently containing basic diet (Con), basicdiet+0.3 g/kg EPE, basic allotted to one of 5 treatments (6 pens/treatment and 6 pigs/pen). 5 treatment groups [(Duroc×Yorkshire)×Landrace] withaverageinitial BW of 70.8 ± 3.1g/kg wererandomly pigs. finishing in performance growth and ability antioxidant A pigs 180finishing totalof Effect and mechanism of dietary supplementation with EPE on meat quality, and No significant differences betweenotherGroups; (P<0.05) group Con in 8that than higher significantly were groups g/kg 1.2 and 0.9 g/kg Con group(P<0.05); IMP in 0.6 g/kg, 0.9 g/kg and 1.2 g/kg group were also significantly higher compared to Key words the conversionof ATP, AMP andIMP. of EPE increased expressionof CK, AD and relatedgenes. resulted in This phenomenon microarrays andProteomicstechniques. This studysuggestedthatdietarysupplementation cDNA on depended IMP proteins and genes of expression the analyzing by LM of levels Effect andMechanismofSupplementationwithEPEonGrowth a ability,mechanism study Performance, MeatQualityand Antioxidant Ability inFinishing

College of FoodScience,SouthChina Agricultural University, Guangzhou,Guangdong510642,China c College of Science,SouthChina Agricultural University, Guangzhou,Guangdong510642, : Eucalyptus b

Instrumental R.W. Tan

on theperiodof30d,GSH-PxandSODactivityserumsamplesin University, Guangzhou,Guangdong510642,China ,finishing pigs,growthperformance,meatquality, antioxidant Analysis &Research Center, SouthChina Agricultural a , L.P. He a,b

, W.J. Dai 102 Pigs China a , J.Du a ,, Y.

The mechanismof EPE improving IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015 Cao a , J.J.Zuo

The contentsof GMP and

0.3 g/kggroupshowed c

Book of Abstracts (Revision) IUFRO Eucalypt Conference 2015

4 Nov 2015 The conference secretariat