A History of Levy County, Florida
★ ★ ★ Chapter Fourteen ★ ★ ★
June -1985
Published By The Levy County Archives Committee
Sponsored by the Levy County Board of Commissioners
Bronson, Florida
A Bicentennial Publication Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from University of Florida, George A. Smathers Libraries
https://archive.org/details/searchforyesterd1419levy EARLY NEWSPAPERS
By Jack Holland
Newspapers are the daily journals of a com¬ ly. Records have not been found to establish the munity’s activities. It is history recorded on site. life-span of this newspaper. You will find the chronicals of events which have The Levy County Times began publication in shaped, are shaping, and will shape the develop¬ 1879 in Bronson. County record reflect its name ment of the area and growth of its people by over the next several years; the last report being reading its newspapers. This chapter takes a look in late 1888. Research did not produce the name at those Levy County newspapers that recorded of the paper’s owner or editor. The Times is the daily events of the people they served from mentioned in later years in the Levy-Times the middle of the 1800’s to the present. Democrat as being a merger of a new weekly, The Florida Dispatch of Newsnansville is the The Democrat, with the older paper, The Levy oldest weekly newspaper of record to serve Levy County Times. The Democrat began its publi¬ County. The paper’s service began before the cation in 1892 and the first edition carried in its county was created out of a portion of the west¬ masthead the name, The Levy-Times Democrat. ern portion of Alachua County in 1845. Many Two brothers, J. Ira and F. S. Gore began the subscribers continued to receive the paper even weekly newspaper, Florida State Journal in after the establishment of the first newspaper of Cedar Key during January 1875. Ira Gore served record in new county. Legal notices appeared in as editor until around 1883. Records of news Dispatch as well as the Florida Times-Union, a clippings show Dr. R. H. Mcllvane was serving young daily published in Jacksonville in the early as editor during 1877. This newspaper provided years. The practice of using out-of-county news¬ local news and news from around the nation and papers following the establishment of the first a few foreign countries brought in by the sailing newspaper within the county was because of the ships. The paper was published on Saturdays. A need to reach all of the county residents. Early year’s subscription was $2.00. This newspaper small weeklies had localized subscription lists. ceased publishing sometime in the middle or late Levy County’s first newspaper of record was 1880’s. The Telegraph. The first publication appeared From 1890 through 1905 there were frequent during January of 1860 in Cedar Key. The paper changes in ownership and number of newspapers was published each Saturday by owner, Charles serving the county. J. Ira Gore, one of the ori¬ W. Blanchard. E. M. Graham served as editor. ginal owner-publishers of the Florida State A reproduction of a front page of the Telegraph Journal, Cedar Key, showed up in records of appears within this chapter and illustrates the The Cedar Key Commercial, dated April 12, typical “tombstone” appearance of newspapers 1890 as editor. It could not be determined if of that era. The paper was entirely hand-set in a Gore was the owner of this short-lived news¬ small shop in the island community. No dates paper. has been determined when this paper ceased pub¬ lication nor are there any indications it merged The Levy Times-Democrat, a combination of a with other publications appearing on the scene in new and an old newspaper, was first published in the early 1860’s. Bronson by O. J. Farmer. (See The Levy County The Bronson Artery, published at Bronson, Times above.) Farmer served as editor in the was in publication on October 24, 1874 and car¬ early years. P. B. Butler served as editor during ried legal advertising for the county. A paper 1915. Other editors were J. C. Sale, 1916; Lydia must be published for 52 consecutive weeks to be Bell, 1919; and, Farmer again as editor in 1920. considered an eligible newspaper for a special He had moved to Jacksonville during the inter¬ second-class mailing permit from the United vening years and worked as a reporter for the States Postal Service. This was and still held as a Florida Times-Union. Farmer sold The Levy general qualification for papers seeking to carry Times-Democrat to G. M. Sheppard and L. E. official notices for government agencies. Owners Vause in the early 1920’s. of the paper were J. Ira Gore and another man The Times-Democrat did job printing. This ex¬ named Burford (last name). Burford was listed tra activity of printing billheads, stationary as editor. This was another small hand-set week¬ items, programs, etc., became a way-of-life for
1 R. B. Child, editor and publisher of the Levy County Journal, 1928 to his death in the Fifties.
4
Three county editors join the “Goldwater Team”, left to right are Jack Holland, Chiefland Citizen; Leonard Hayes, Suwannee Valley News; team leader, Herman Wellman; Elton Cobb, Levy County Journal; and, Frank Weaver, foreman of the Citizen plant. (Taken during the Sixties.) 5 small rural newspapers to make needed money. ing the paper he changed the masthead to read, Today you will find most small weeklies having “The Williston News.” This masthead carried a commercial printing and stationary departmegts subhead stating it was the successor to The in with their publishing business. Williston Sun and The Levy Times-Democrat. It was noted from the issues of The Levy The Williston Sun was purchased by Jack Times Democrat that it did a good job covering Holland and he continued to print it as The the local scene, including local government. The Williston News. Several years later Holland sold Levy Times-Democrat merged several times. It the newspaper to Louie Wadsworth who changed merged with The Levy County News, The the name back to The Williston Sun. Bess Williston Sun, The Williston News, and the Williams bought the Sun in 1970 and merged it Suwannee Valley Sun-News. with her own paper. The Suwannee Valley News Legal documents in the Levy County court¬ to form The Suwannee Valley Sun-News. house revealed a weekly newspaper, The Cedar Among the editors of the Williston paper be¬ Key Commercial, was in existence April 12, 1890. sides Miller were: Vause, Holly, Holland, Lamar Its editor was J. Ira Gore according to the sig¬ Nash, Emma Rene Weaver, and Williams. nature on the “Notice of Publication” attached I. B. Hilson began his publication, The Levy to the documents. The clippings contained no County News at Bronson in 1923. His brother, paper date or volume number to assist in esta¬ J. F. Hilson, served as the first editor and J. L. blishing how long the paper had been in publica¬ Santerfeit served as associate editor. On January tion. Records show that Gore was affiliated with 28, 1927 the newspaper sold to L. E. Vause who three of the early newspapers of Cedar Key. merged it with The Levy Times-Democrat. The The Gulf Coaster, another weekly newspaper, new masthead showed the main line to be The published in Cedar Key during 1893 was identi¬ Levy County News and a small secondary line fied through courthouse records. The editor was read, “The Levy Times-Democrat.” The first listed “Editor” Corr. No other mention of the editor of the merger was George Sheaff. He was paper or Corr was found. followed by Henry Coulter. This paper was pub¬ Two more weeklies were found in the court¬ lished on Fridays. One of the unique facts about house records. The Cedar Key Hustler was being this particular paper was it had an oil editor, published in 1902 in the island city. The Levy Robert L. Steffey. County Advocate was identified through the The Cedar Key Breeze was a weekly newspaper court records as being published in Bronson in printed in Williston and published in Cedar Key. 1904. These papers’ publishers and editors have It was owned by G. M. Sheppard and L. E. not been unearthed. Vause. They began publishing the paper in 1923. Records of the early 1900’s showed conditions A few months after publishing the Breeze, stable among the county’s newspapers. The Levy Vause and Sheppard leased The Williston Sun Times-Democrat was the largest of the papers (May 8, 1925). The Breeze appeared in the first and the only paper that appears continuously leased issue of the Sun as a subhead, in the mast¬ during this era. The Williston Progress, publish¬ head along with The Levy Times-Democrat. Both ed in Williston, was identified as the only new papers were dropped temporarily from the Sun’s paper during this period. The Progress editor was masthead on March 11, 1926. This was also the J. T. Lewis and the only issue available for veri¬ week The Levy Times-Democrat appeared as a fication was during 1918. Bronson paper. The Breeze did not appear in The arrival of the 1920’s heralded a host of either of the two papers’ masthead. The Island new newspapers, mergers, sales, and termina¬ City News appears a few months later in Cedar tions of existing papers. Key showing Vause as owner-publisher (Oct. 14, The Williston Sun began publication in 1921 at 1927). Williston. The first publishers were Mr. and Mrs. The Island City News was published for over E. C. Miller. Mr. Miller was the first editor. two years before disappearing from the news¬ L. E. Vause and G. M. Sheppard leased the paper scene. Vause served as the first editor and newspaper from the Millers in 1925. A little J. L. Taylor served as the second and final editor later, Vause purchased The Williston Sun and of the small newspaper. ran it for many years. The first issue of the Sun The first issue of The Levy County Journal after the lease carried “Successor to the Levy appeared May 1, 1928 with Roy B. Child as pub¬ Times-Democrat—Cedar Key Breeze” in its lisher and editor. It was published in Bronson, masthead. the county site. Child was from Moore Haven R. J. Holly bought The Williston Sun from where he published The Glades County Demo¬ L. E. Vause and after a few months of publish¬ crat before coming to Bronson. The Journal’s
6 7 THE LEVY COUNTY NEWS 8 ownership was left in trust after his death in the low-grade oil at the rate of a few barrels a day. mid-1950’s to his four daughters, Betty, Neva, This well was still active during the early thirties. Anna Bea, and Royala. Child’s brother-in-law, Second events were two major hurricanes—one Elton Cobb, leased the newspaper from the in 1927 and the other in 1928. These hurricanes trustees and served as editor for several years. did considerable damage to the county and Cobb purchased the Journal in the early sixties. caused millions of dollars in damage and the The Chiefland Citizen was started by Jack heavy loss of life in the Lake Okeechobee area. Holland October 19, 1950. The paper was print¬ Roy Child was publishing The Glades County ed in Bronson and published in Chiefland during Democrat at Moore Haven during the 1927 hur¬ the fifties. In the sixties the printing plant was ricane. moved to Chiefland. The Citizen began as a A third event was the crash of 1928 with the tabloid size newspaper and later changed into the resulting financial losses. It was during this later full-size. It was the county’s first of the old style period of the four years that one of the largest newspaper to make the change from setting type tax lists was published. It had to run in the by linotype machines to the photo process. Hol¬ newspaper selected as the “official organ of the land sold the Citizen to Walter Wilson in 1973. county commission.” The last shift in the news¬ Wilson brought the first roll-fed press into the paper names occurred shortly after the publica¬ county when he installed a 2-unit Community tion o/ the tax list. Goss. A few years later Wilson put in two more Many of the mastheads of various newspapers units. appear to be the same paper. Examine them The Suwannee Valley News was first published closely, you will find other newspapers identified in Chiefland in June of 1963. After three weeks as being a part of that particular paper. This was the weekly moved its operation to Williston. The and still is a legal maneuver to preserve the legal first owner-editor was Leonard Hayes, Jr. and status of a newspaper in order it could carry his wife, Nelle, was the paper’s editor. The public notices. If you look at the dates and the Suwannee Valley News was the first totally offset names of the mastheads of the several news¬ newspaper in the county. Hayes sold the paper to papers shown on pages appearing within this Warren Torlay, Jr. in November of 1963. Other chapter you will see many of these piggy-back owner-publishers were John Banks, Gordon changes. Rhieker and his brother-in-law, Ken Smith, and Several editors, publishers, and contributors Bess Williams. Williams bought out Smith se¬ were celebrities of sorts during their newspaper veral months later. Williams purchased The careers. L. E. Vause served as president of the Williston Sun from Louie Wadsworth in late Florida Press Association and was very active in 1970. the organization for many years. Roy Child The youngest newspaper in Levy County his¬ served on the Board of Trustees of the Bronson tory is also the oldest newspaper. That paper is High School. Ken Smith served as State Repre¬ the Suwannee Valley Sun-News. It is a descend- sentative from this district. Louie Wadsworth and of The Levy County Times established in and Jack Holland produced award-winning 1879 in Williston. On the adjacent page is a table newspapers and served on the executive board of showing the lineage from the Times down to the the state press association. Wadsworth served as Sun-News. It is interesting to note the same president of the association and was a National publisher at one time or another owned the ma¬ Guard General. Holland served as mayor- jority of the newspapers in this long chain. The commissioner of Chiefland and was an Army publisher was L. E. Vause. Colonel. Elton Cobb served on the Bronson City The four-year period, 1925 through 1929, saw Council. O. J. Farmer and Warren Torlay were newspaper merging with and emerging from each outstanding daily newspapermen. J. Ira Gore other. It was not disclosed why the switching of was noted for his dedication in providing the newspaper names from one to another and from area with newspapers in the early years. Walter town to town occurred. Wilson served on Chiefland’s Planning and Zon¬ Several events occurred during this four-year ing Board. Bess Williams was the county’s first period which may provide clues for the numerous lady publisher. shifts in the names of the newspapers. One was There have been several lay-persons who have the boom of the mid-twenties that saw Levy made contributions in the newspaper field County caught up in economic development with through their articles of historical nature. T. R. the prospects of this area becoming an oil field. Hodges of Cedar Key, William Coulter of There were several oil wells drilled around the Bronson, and Ruth Verrell of Chiefland enriched county. A well near Cedar Key did produce a readers with articles about the culture, folklore,
9 Inside of an early printing and publishing plant.
Ruddy Janney is shown working an early model linotype machine.
Hand-feeding one of the old two-page flat bed presses is Jim Evans. 10 Kay Langford setting type on an old Model 5 Linotype.
11 and governments of the times of which they Alma Clark won the Chrysler, Harriet Whiddon wrote. There probably is not a family in the won one of the Fords and Mary West won the county, whose roots go back at least three de¬ other. cades or more, that has not had one of its mem¬ An oil drilling spree began in June of 1943 bers work as correspondent or columnist for one led by Colonel Frank Thompson and William A. of Levy County’s newspapers. Other long-time Pollard. This was the second time in twenty years newspaper people who wrote or printed for the the area was excited by the possibility of oil be¬ county papers include Macie Petersen, Emma ing discovered in the county. Several wells were Lee Loften, Frank Weaver and Norwood Ishie. drilled in the sand hills west of the Bronson- Levy County witnessed its newspapers progress Williston highway. No oil was found but the from hand-set, hand-fed equipment, through the drillers did strike salt water. It was an artesian hot metal stage of linotypes and casting boxes, to well and had to be capped to keep the salty water cold type and web-fed presses of the offset era. from killing the trees in the path of its stream. The Levy County Journal, until early 1983, Montbrook Army Air Base, located near the was one of two weekly newspapers in Florida still community of Montbrook, was very active dur¬ being produced by the hot metal process. When ing 1942-43. Victories in Europe and the South the Journal went offset it left the Bristol news¬ Pacific brought an early closing of the camp in paper in West Florida as the sole survivor of the late 1943. A skeleton crew remained at the base old method of production. The first offset paper until the end of the war. in the county was a small tabloid paper, The L. E. Vause, Jr., son of publisher Vause of Suwannee Valley News. The Chiefland Citizen The Williston Sun, was killed in Europe during quickly followed the trend to offset. When Wal¬ December of 1942. Young Vause was the navi¬ ter Wilson bought the Chiefland paper he en¬ gator for a bomber crew. larged the capacity of the equipment by expand¬ Elections were always big news for the early ing the computer typesetting system and install¬ newspaper. The tradition of gathering at the ing the first web-fed press. The press was a newspaper offices to get the election returns were Community Goss capable of printing eight pages looked forward to by young and old. This bi¬ on one press run. A few years later Wilson added annual event continued until the county went two additional units and raised the capacity of from hand ballots to the use of voting machines. the press to run 16 full-size pages. In the early The Williston and Cedar Key papers usually eighties The Chiefland Citizen was printing all of put up make-shift tally boards for the local citi¬ the weekly newspapers in the tri-county area. zens to keep count of the votes each candidate One of the ways to tell the old newspapers and received by precinct. For years The Levy County their offices was by the smell of printer’s ink and Journal and The Chiefland Citizen sponsored a molten metal. The offices of today’s newspapers tally board at the courthouse where final returns smell more of chemicals. by precinct were officially reported. It was learned during the research for this Television, computers and voting machines chapter on the newspapers of Levy County that drew the curtain on the night-long wait on the most happenings occur in cycles. The eighties counting of hand ballots and posting of results saw a revitalization of local Chamber of Com¬ of each race on the tally boards. merces. History, or the newspaper records, re¬ vealed Cedar Key, Williston and Bronson each OLD-TIME DEFINITIONS OF THE had their own chambers in the twenties and the NEWSPAPER TRADE early 1900’s. The economy has been the concern each quarter century. Promoters appear period¬ Press Run: one run of the printing press that ically promoting oil, specialty agriculture crops, produced two pages of a newspaper. An eight- barge ports and canal, railroads and highways, page paper required four press runs. and even citrus production. The last grove of Quoins and Quoin Key: quoins came in pairs commercial status disappeared after the big and were wedge-shaped; used with a quoin key to freeze of 1898. lock type in printing frames. Three cars were given away as prizes in one of Hell Box: a box that held last week’s news¬ the largest subscription drives ever held by week¬ paper type slugs to be remelted. ly newspapers. The contest was held during 1928 Kill Sheet: a marked copy of last week’s paper by The Williston Sun, The Levy County News, showing what type to be thrown in the hell box. and The Island City News. The cars were a 1928 Make-up Rule: a small two-inch steel scrape, Chrysler, a Ford sedan, and a Ford Roadster. which is used to scrape the bottom of linotype
12 13 ISLAND CITY NEWS THfc OULF
■Tht htmd £*>'
CEDAR KEY, FLA.,' FRIDAY. DECEMBER 2,1927 NUMBER [Assessment books accepted by council I* lL MENTION i GIVING CITY LARGEST TOTAL ASSESSMENT ---,Cedar Key School News Increase In AiaeMinenti Thia Year Ow Laat tof with their amrugm Janet t.w a Mi kctDH Kim MtUm i Year $61,000; Moat of Amount ia Incmaae of, iw mu. iii baa . » Mural Boddicfc to r h TaMkri Personal Tax; Millxfe Not Fixed Yet m aae> a m» cm— Thry haw neither has atom c tardy durlav thr month. Wo hope t Mr TrmI T D»tHob «w M Jut
J— wuhe ■ haard «t ac earner dew i a a* m i fifth I The total i ii 11 nr H lkMa.1 I top. 1 i ahnnt an aoooaat to htom •r> MM M
a enjoyed the Tbaakagm— Yte tott p«* tor* ito to* i Hn f T D»moiT" noted to P1W with i ■toy touch and nme to to ■Ml for wtdowe to mm to i a i * «v (to to I Pup ton
By (to wtfo)—OWton i wtrr you not Mn Bath tore* and Bttlr eon'Bad m and Mn LIm lotonil to ■ MM CUy TWOac tlMBM. o hrtoc your mother with you? daughter. to Bryevelllr —act ormral Mto JaetoBBrOAc. w to ttv Itoaatf Man to too island City ton vast wttfi City aaturdsy and htoa; totottof reft* Wlfir—That* what tow wacu to am Ir and Mn Ta Mi l« Club both bald their i
for eatchtof nuDrt to Hello, hallo, to thto 1 KM( KBt a Ms am M At- to P—nhrr l vts January to The (MeMdtof Thank-m—» to Mad autos Taa fbbermen ham koeo maklaf war toon wtth Ms permits. Mr mi Monday to totoltot ctooa tost* cradt pood cateba the toot low Aaa J. Conway wr atoto to wrttr hnprampcu para* Mr Miry Dana vbo to frapba sc "What I Would Do With a urta Ta who to it? Mr^TJl^ Wm m stored to < to minima owwakhi to tow Mr J C Frtoetor toft Ten Bey for n \ toM and «M id vnb tok faiaata. In aaall daofhtrr to thr bousr Too my Lake Bottor to aoarpt a padtlan WP your toner Baton to the oldat, and who wtoh Mm sin— to Me now ado- Mr Bam Bha. a —tr May them food to oat ato P o M C Utoch aari Many *mm aauM M Ft VMM ■1 Mm. Mrs. J. J- lamtoe. m'‘ Mm «■ to tt fiTthe" Mmtoj Mr W F ABmd hm atarwed Imme i a atoeet ar the other day a i tram Loaksruie Mia. where hr hae . ~—... • t ha—n't a toto and hto wtfo aw a aoctToach I m Mr CtoarMa and •* a 0ood < ad I arm ae one. toM hto wife. Mr I C Wadley a Without wundartat whae It to goto* Nrona Wadley back to i i to Tai- lour* ham already ham Aoa Lou-I hope you are torrytoM itata* after apont the tod) tor—DM pen i the toilet hop wtth the waar papi Wet thto aona- and Mn. W * - 1 had left 1 KOhaum too in attaadtot the Wo* htott wtth ton Ato I emne Oanoft to Tins ha an. ant a tht Itoaad City Mr Marched to | Mn I L. Thytar wa mate X woil «>w day* wnb M oral manager to HtB Basal dtoeaa a oar and nv tkr etothae. with ■ to thr aonoy 1 would help the poor j Um whMdmgtoa. to Mr Mr J * ■ Mr Carlton' Maonrv to WIBto and orphan chfldren. Thto the money Thn owk tot fit la a pit to oat. • the dty •.KOI Ik 1 >d O H» dtM I lad left I would take prtpa ma the , ^ oaraa WtU don't oat It ihen. 1 hnnttoe trip hero jhto parents Mr and Mn Maaoa world and Ian aore about It than X mk Luca, to to-rf.—Wh»: do you MVTBODIBT cmCP WOT** harm* to oohooL I warn by mount to ariao: with your Mr and Mn Randolph Owen of - Mto Mart Hak who to attondhn' ^ mndoy school Ft—ram was a Manutl .lair to this dtoyrac-iM ccmd uon’ “ toe*ry. • were the rue'V of their eehoc’ to Oair-rclDe open: Thanksftr- jinny*; *c Last fc.mia* aortunc.' UVLUH GRADE Dert)—No eoc.fc ra-rv ^ ■’ *^7*re:.M Mn Busw Bishop 8ur- tnr tr thr oty euittor reJauwe and j. ^ricr wwai-ry-.r or Kn Man Ttw eemnth freer u flad to' ham Mjs> Lucs—Can; 70- r°*r friends JJoyce. fupertotanAto-.. wnb charye of \:*r«e Lanr'oo earr.r hrL ,1 taibr* s ccrTt’ »' aa- M; ~ m lrihtn and - ,h* dereticnal oemae a uaua* ther. The srwnih trade tTested the edit* . Herv»—Nd hair. muir. B B tw-v returned Frida' arr-^jt^d that thei- worn to he not cr-s for the»» room Friday Pot U Mr Carr.fv-So» i* rrrjr •*al J.irrr. cf W«’io were to thr Island Mr Fadsir.—By frowLn? a: thr C;ry Jrat week nataw ton Hoothbys»:hby a 1rom 1 T’,“ W frtrndB “.-leitrre free Poland At thh thw Thr fol’owrar were eiected *"* oetlle |Miss Alta Kirchhahe came to with Lorna Baker. Fretodent- lanltor parents Mr and Mn haw Bern Thaodcrr to Mr Fadpeti—Tou told _ | -- iher cha of fhU. each betof droaed to Thetosa Fneel Bocrvtarr w to file (hear letten Mean Alex Kepote Arttofton 'ton- I ** D“) M nj, 14 15 Jack Holland, editor and publisher of the Chiefland Citizen, 1950-1973. 16 slugs, remove and replace corrections, and gen¬ Proof: a single reproduction of a galley or eral space out page forms in printing chases. page of type to be read for errors and used to Leads and Slugs: type-high lead or brass ma¬ make identified corrections. terial used to space between lines of type to fill Corrections: normally refers to linotype type or tighten a page form. corrections made from a galley proof and to be Type Lice: all of the unseen gremlins that inserted in place of the type with the error. cause letters, words, and other mysterious events A Tail: a piece of cardboard attached to a mat to occur with type. (paper mold) to keep metal from running behind Casting Box: a box that you place a mold the mat when it is casted. (mat) to form a casting of type, figure or an ad Scratch: means to remove a story or ad from which has been pre-matted. an edition of the newspaper. Mats and Matrixs: most common name for the Ad: where the money is made. Businesses ad¬ brass molds of letters used by casting machines. vertising their goods and services in the news¬ Tag Line: an identification line at the begin¬ paper. ning of a news story to be able to locate it in the Obit: a short title for obituary or death galley bank. notices. Heads: a short name for headlines. Sorts: odd combinations of letters; ie, ff’s, ffi, Printer’s Devil: a novice or apprentice in the ffl, etc., cast on one body in order to save space. composing department of a newspaper or print shop. Slug Cutter: a device used to cut slugs and rules the appropriate length to fit type forms. Type: individual letters, figures, or symbols ABOUT THE WRITER—JACK M. casted in lead or brass either singularly or to¬ HOLLAND gether. Parents were Jack and Rubye Holland, timber Linotype: a machine that sets type in metal (cross-ties) and merchants in Bronson in the early (lead) for newspaper and print shop composition. Cut: short name for an engraving used to print thirties and forties. He graduated from Bronson High School in pictures on paper. 1941, attended the University of Florida. Drafted Rule: strips of various widths of metal used to into the army and served with General George produce printed solid line border. Patton’s 3rd U.S. Army. He returned to the Metal: a mixture of lead, tin, and zinc used in University after the war and graduated with a several type of casting machines to produce type. BAJ degree in 1949. He continued his army Wood and Metal Furniture: large pre-sized career as an active reservist, rising to the rank of metal or wood spacing material to fill large voids Colonel. in page forms. He started the newspaper, The Chiefland Make-up: the putting together of all type, Citizen, in 1950 and sold it 23 years later to the heads, spacing materials within a printing frame present owner, Walter Wilson. to form a page of the newspaper. Holland was with the Levy County School sys¬ Put to Bed: when the last run of the last two tem for four years where he developed the Adult pages have run through the press and everyone is and Community Education program which the ready to go home. county has today. Scoop: a news story of considerable impor¬ He is currently serving as Chief Analyst for the tance that you publish before your competitors. House of Representatives Committee on Gov¬ Correspondent, Stringer: people who work ernmental Operations. He served four years as parttime in the outlying areas of a paper’s circu¬ the Staff Director of the House Agriculture lation area gathering news. Committee before being asked by the Speaker of “Thirty” or Dingbat: a symbol used at the end the House and Rep. Gene Hodges to take over of a news story to signal the end of the story. his current position. Chase: a steel picture frame device used to He is married to the former Neva Child of place type to form a newspaper page. Bronson and they have one son, Jack Martin Plane: a wooden block placed on a type form Holland, III. Holland has two daughters, Jeri and struck by a mallet to insure that all type is level. and Joan, by a previous marriage. Galley: long metal trays where completed type¬ In college he was a member of the Theta Chi set stories are stored ready to be placed into pro¬ fraternity and was selected to be a member in Sigma Delta Chi, honorary journalist fraternity. per pages. 17 18 10 eeita S>uuiantH$ PM NpUIB ‘SERVING SUWANNEE VALLE SURROUNDING AREA” anruM). um corn. pul ■moor, m s. m ■* B*fct F«*« Watermelon Festival Narcotic* I two Injured In Directors Meet ! J Auto-Truck Mishap Sri ffln't ninu; eos a- Und on'ilne Goturdo? Diet! ad a Mttntid tioo eortb of aorcotics eos tokos. ■ollis Griffis, sroprletor of tbe phoraoc?. sold the is - truder presunabl? cost isto the-store through • bock ton- d <* The lock eos brokes os tbo norcotlco cobipot ood it bod booo priod opos. The opened bock tondo. ooo discovered Sunday oorsist Depot? toorlff Pete Holth of tUlistai lsoestiiotod tbo incident Police Chief §ar oimtv a Directors for ftieflood* s IOtb onnuol toter Sfl? •cJbCulod for Jtae IS. set Tuesday oi«ht ot Resigns Post at? toll in Oiieflad »>th Uoc President HoltolllMy pro- sldic* Parpoof of tbo sorting ooo to ooke oeoi-flaol r' forth? fOrtbc'Oisd footiool ad porvde Ot? QOacfi lob oifbt teetpo It tb • picture fn tot 11 ■‘fittlon ot Pebct On* J. left to right are: kit Crteett, Hort? C. OtrUn on OcTl et«le?; ^Hollow,■oT arc(Prt wartolffin. i to, bojHoi muHoilido? an ■rs Hortso Mortis •nooso Club Preoldeot ood Jlso? Da Oven vu sprint id a o Horn t. Mol bon. b? to. oaifil to 00. ilace corbie, tat be raiaod Mrs. G>||er Irfaleflaud Holds oftenocn. First Reading Fgrm. yittTPan as police dsttf for bess- acji raMaas Ris rwafnatiac was Subscriber tbo vocstltn rsodisf pro- ■Cretin f iamcdlAte)7 «rn. oponared by tbe Cen¬ tral Florid, hagiaol Library bo cos ot tbo Chleflad Lib- ror? Hondo?. Mra Predlo Etheridge lo¬ Pictured above is tbe '(3 CDr- volved in a accidat ot 1st. ad llbrorla urges tin ail- voir ad State tad Deport- 33P ad Alt. 27 Hondo? o.a. dra to roclster for tbe pro- Smoker Bear aat point truck aich as In¬ (TV Children registering for To Vlsli tbo club during tookey Bear* o to auto-truck collision oc¬ with Inproper of lo- rlolt Mieedo? afternoon. re¬ curred st 11:36 toads? am¬ ceived o aoko Boor but ten. o Bake? Boor vloltod tbo Od¬ iss it the Interaction of at. rood ad color bob. tbe eat- or Ke? Libror? ot II o.a. led. 238 and Bt. 27. reoultlnc in _ ae Boleoter, oerootia pledge ad o book- to louocb the Baoko? Boor lsjunes to teo pernas. ococants of tbe car. sere tnk art. hading Club Florida Hlghay fotrolna J. a to (toineoville Medical cen¬ heb saber keeps his oa The reading rrogra spon¬ I. Bode, ao Invesncited tbe ter to Bloor Dddscn totailace resdisi record tod list of sored to Friends ct the Lib¬ occldmt. sold tbe point truck Service libror? books rood arise tbo rary. em include s otor? . an totaptinc to aoke oleft tow Boleoter suffered ioc-t ■aoer. hour st tbe libror? each Bed turn Ml kt. 27 onto Alt. 33B eratlons tf tbe bead, neck ad ■re. local a Golfer Ike caersl public is a- sends? aornlng durisc durlsc ad tbe attablle otteopted back and to Bdester received peuraged to rood t oortet? of tb* user, beginning ot tbe to pao tbe track Tke lapse t bruises and conus ions of tbe —Mrs eifeolo--Icde- Gel per. book, durisf tbo aimer Mrs close pf Vocation Bible occurred is tbe eest-bound chat. Bolt eere kept over¬ adento? Life Insurosce* uat Etheridge sold, to “increase ■total. f (hieflond. ho rat tbo 71; st their pleasure ad known die At s recat aeetlsc of tbe > night ad released -ubsrriber to the GDIANNEX; elts tbeir reeding skills " Prlads of tbe Libror?. Mrs ; lut. opproxlutoX? 6 feet to and Mrs Boleoter listed I fna tbe oater line Tbe dri¬ their address l£ 185 presoott XLr teas Ike resihoc procra will Some Turner, choimnn. re¬ Ave . Staten Island. K T. Naos of oibocrlbers sill bo oostisuo tbroucb Aug 24. pined tbe oehievaento oi ver of tbe truck no charged istod is mt± edition of tbe tbe uundisi libror? to tbe Louie Wadsworth, editor of the Williston Sun in the mid-sixties, shown at a dress-ball of the Florida Press Association. His army record shows that he served in secretary of the Bronson Club and later serving Europe earning Meritorious Unit Citation, Good as President of the Chiefland Club. His member¬ Conduct Medal, Meritorious Service Medal, two ship in the Chiefland Club extends nearly 30 Combat Stars, and Reserve Medal for his ser¬ years. vices. He is both an artist and a writer. Many local Holland served six years as Mayor-Com¬ people have pieces of his work in art. His most missioner of the City of Chiefland. He was Levy recent book, “The Reception Station”, is a story County’s initial appointee to the Suwannee River of many of the local men and women who had Authority by Gov. Collins. He has served num¬ served in the area’s oldest and largest U.S. Army erous boards and councils of state government. Reserve unit. He has two new book releases out He is a charter member of both the Bronson shortly. and Chiefland Lions Clubs, serving as the first 21 n« Ken Smith, editor of the Suwannee Valley News during the early to mid-sixties. 22 Levy County Newspapers Published During Past 140 Years 23 18S0 I860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 The Family Tree of the Oldest Newspaper in the County 24 \\ ■ THE • WILLISTON LEVY• rirv *iunTIMES nru/wi¥DEMOCRAT «- OIDAR KEYvrv nrmBREEZE ‘’I’ •. PUBLISHED IN THE HEART OP THE AGRICULTURAL SECTION OP FLORIDA. ’ whjjron, ujvt Al-, MAT », im Up ONE HUNDRED LOCAL IIEIS ^DSONAL HUSTON REAL CARS CUCUMBERS ;>t WMttflj! ./ MM : • ESTATE NOW ON BOOH ’ SIPPED FIOH HERE aUKkifi^b i! LAND VALUES DOEASNC Jblc£ CROP PREVHCt STEM^t sSAisi 9v’skwLS .CHURCH NEWS * TWO SUBDIVISION# , JtOMATOES AND • END. ROT ) •kaa ktutwMi» hr* Mia u TMfel hM ' MOTHERS DAY TO BE OPENED / WATERMELONS OP MELONS »UI Klin MM tk* »«n w , TO RE OBSERVED WEEK OP MAY Bl .i rkW ala* larludw • Mmf It 0| , at Jack — b* wklek Mill in 4m mmrm •a* Vkk af ValanilM laaahmm Iku (mbk*a Mm> ka aaaC Im WNm Tki 1. V> «.. kfl« *• waiuua WOIua« kkfali Ml tnrraaMal CUifcCi Kt la* nu mm ruift M|knUA|Hc **THlhflNlF COW- IM aabtlaMM. *»a ■* util VilMi) nTlIrkt Ul4 m iU fH* ' HUka- Mat," aatoat a aaiaua »»■«• m tract aa Paatl ak aaU* «*l _ Ik* BhMH m tka IW Km * Dr. 0 l‘ ** kw MUM pa* Ml jjjffrmn jr» lioa at MMrrlam Tkundar Ckunh Am. la Mac «rr*f*rn Imudlkt AC »Uat f*»kolactt N araakij fctka wklrl af as- M (aak tar »*m*t*4 Ufteihartl III h» MMtaa fm ** *U*« MM Dak I ■■■I— 1 -•*- ..i Mill la. *m~ E NEED FIRE PROTECTION, CITY HALL, FIRE STATION, TOURIST CAMP, PARK, WHITE WAY, BONDS WILL DO if W ^ . -L-i. BEST CLIMATE ill AND SOIL IN j* FLORIDA PU BUSHED IN THE HEART OP THE AGRICULTURAL SECTION OF FLORIDA ■'ii .v.t WILUSTON, FLORIDA, APRIL BJWA NEWS SECTION * » CONSOLIDATION A FACT ■> 25 COUNTY HAS FOUR MAIN STAIR HIGHWAYS AND FIVE RAILROADS ®hr ®mt SimrB-Srmnrrat LEV^COUNTY’S OLDEST NEWSPAPER ' “ BRONSON, FLORIDA. THURSDAY MARCH2S.il COMMISSIONERS LET ROAD CONTRACTS > CONSIDERS NEED . 'SJT^T r BRONSON C Of C m ™ Several Important Road 'hi SPECIAL SESSMM S0UM6. —I HOLDS MEETINC •)T. Projects Contracted for. • ia«d It Right of .Way fof 19 to be f h a Mfc nkN an n ' *"*‘^ ***■ ■M Ik. an • ■ —■ U • k --*-■ 5” “ C__ _ Jl ** - H »> THE LEVY COUNTY NEWS ONLY NEWSPAPER PUBLISHED AND PRINTED IN BRONSON, THE COUNTY SEAT OF LEVY COUNTY. IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEART OF STATE FLORID JV.C 1, NUMBER 38. BRONSON, LEVY COUNTY. FLORIDA. APRIL 8th. 1926 $1.50 A YE^ iting of I Notes of Court FULL PROCEEDINGS OF Commissioners1 Proceedings COUNTY COMMISSIONERS STATE ROAD 13 TO PARALLEL R. > Sp*»« ijI M« i ling of the Uo:»r«l Al a rrgulnr marling of thr Itnarvi of County CunimositiniTK, in and for inly t omini MoiM-rs in ami fur Cirruit Court opened Monday A. M. 1.0'y Cnunl), held at thr Cirri’.. Offitv in llron-on, Kl:i.( on this the 2nd dny ounl), SUiU- of Florida held at with Judge A. V. Long providing, with Mr. W. R. Hodge*, Chairman of the Rourtl of County Comminaior of April A. D. r.W., with Uir following month.-rs of thp Hoards proHont to- *Mk> Office on this the 27th after returning from Tallah«iKM*e where he was in confrrenre with the of all other attaches of the court pres¬ wit:— : March. A D. l'J2G, with the ent ial* of the Stale Uoad D«iiartim*nt, announce!I that State Kuad Number T W K. HODC.tS, Chairman, mg mi mberv of the Uoard pres* teen has been designated and will be built directly beside the Seaboard a-wit — J. P. KIMIII.K, Line Railway through Levy County, passing through the towns of Mered The court in giving the charge to U. M. CLVATT. V. R. Hodge*, Chairman, the Grand Jury was a very instruc¬ Itroiison, Lennon, Otter Creek, Kllsy, Wylly, Rosewood, Sumner and or W. 8 YKARTV, P. Kimble, tive charge. As to their duties. The Cellar Key. There has been much discussion as to the location ' n E. C. PRICE. I M Ojratt, Grand Jury fininhed their wort Mon- some saying that it should leave the railroad at Otter Croek a^B • r • v---.. NEED FIRE PROTECTION, CITY HALL, FIRE STATION, TOURIST CAMP, PARK, WHITE WAY, BONDS WILL DO IT BEST CLIMATE AND SOIL IN * FLORIDA PUBLISHED IN THE HEART OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTION OF FLORIDA AND THE LEVY TIMES-DEMOCRAT W1UL1 jrrON. FLORIDA THURSDAyTaPRIL a». IS2S. NEWS SECTION alKiwanis Club® Receives Charter Class High Receives Dmlomasilnp Rvmoc ftf lav THE LEVY TIMES-DEMOCRAT UIAL PUBLICATION or LEVY COUNTY DEDICATED TO THE PMOGEtBBlVl ADVAHCBMBNT OF TNI COD Nil FEBRUARY >1. 1,27 " OF ENURE STATE WIU. AID IN FIGURES GIVEN LEVY COUNTY WAS FORMED BY COMMISSIONER MAYO BUILDING ROADS ON SIX MONTHS BEFORE FLORIDA BECAME STATE d' SCHOOL PERIOD iactiot Nomad For Firtt U. a Iwitiir Htrt NEBRASKA SAYS •M BffiMl a Ctyiul llm i f« wib iM pUtN la IM Botmdod Bjr Water oo Thraa of Foot Sidaa ■ Levy riwlf MU by Opar Oatfl Ont Tkk THE STATE OF W. ft. WbMftaa. ytaad galfcy U Pkarida Operand That Famowa for ite Mild Climate aad FortQa Soil «bar*» at rbtelalac w«l la FLORIDA IS SOU) Mat a MnM ui (waived a «*- lw«i at Ms amU «a tbe aaaaty Ow Ulian kutni MW*b #r COUNTY BOARD OF read. !• w> fclHarad by Htttff Vlaride iHaai far a ptrM mt ala __hpfaaTaM L L ---*1-1** awlN or law dartaa IN ura of Apw «■ Tima far Lawd IMLM, wrdlag to flgum aMt PUBLIC INSTRUCTION CwHRi Nw Iha Iw It ml laaiia pablte by W. B. Caviboa. ruu ny 26 ISLAND CITY NEWS CEDAR KEY. VIA..' FRIDAY. DECEMBER 2.192? NUMBER -?| Assessment books accepted by council I* [L MENTION T GIVING CITY LARGEST TOTAL ASSESSMENT I Cedar Key School News , ii, __— - _ _ | IscreMt Id AiMMmesli TBit Yeer Ow Lul lK- •>•»—*« Yeer 961,000; Most of Amount is Increase of m, m o« I m*mru | ^.r***! Ten: Mills*. Not Fixed Yet » «» ®"n. I . UKIlAN OFrlCIAiORGAR ICKINTY Of YERS 3Eet»a Cowiitg News LEVY COUNTY >R TO THE LE , Y TiMES-DEMOCRATl HE W1LUSTON SUN AND THE ISLAND CITY NEWS Fmci a l Tubl'ic a tioJ ■ >r''rr~vY~c7u'N Vv 'by. 5 if a tk » to'thk pa oc a aaaTv7 t a oVX~lNce int uror the c o u n t i WILLISTON. FLORIDA.THURSDAY DECEMBER 13th 1928 NUMBER 17 rSTBcraiWr^^l STORES THIS WEEK ARE taking on real |l "swkTAivw tuutmt ^^^odicatidg Florida Passanger Plano undD^br^^lu I' CHRISTMAS APPEARANCE BUSINESS GOOD J LT^^r CEDAR KEY J CniAAl lirOfC' S*°r* f«<•«i doeor.tiag awl put- XDUUL ntffji ting on Christmas Ain- Shop aarly campaigns ara doing thair bit and baying is getting Un *r t - J r ^ —1 ■ * DIES SUNDAY !:* ■ *a*L * * * ' laaaen u wu on loa anaw no! 1" ,fl *“• **' a BEST CLIMATE AND SOIL IN I FLORIDA 1 PUBLISHED. IN THE HEART OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTION OF FLORIDA SUCCESSOR TO THE LEVY TIMES-DEMOCRAT AND THE ISLAND CITY NEWS niAL nT»ur\r mvr county dedicated to the ttncnsmvr a n v a n c e m e n t o r, t " ■ r o i v t r WILLISTON. FLORIDA. THURSDAY JANUARY 17st 1929 NUMBER 22 WHUSTON SUN U ficYnjr ]Hf iTVTJhAr ” ‘.GOVERNORSTARTS COUNTY OFFICIALS SIGHT YET MAKES APPEARENCE! Dots and Dashes by I ha Students BIG SUGAR MO! 0RGAN1ZETUESDAY n cwurroa J»a it om D<*a Tn a —— ■ - M Mtklr by Om Butii On* w »*wt they tn a « Oisa us Ilms I«S< s M Taa, m »n»a la Os MR »ss.n » »»s--^» no mm •* mm l «f Ow ViWMn MmI I *i • am* u Mason, ua MOM U I no non n - —T W a I m ssss* *»•*■ t- f«s —w*r»l HIM «f 1 aM» Oioa MS a»ai ^ Honor a Oanr Hot Oinil nat t* tM* rw'ag r* *s a«M Mr M oanol ua ooin a ao ins m so. na na a Stas a can ons ■1 «*• s*d MmBi —a •• N*t MlBi mt ■R'i 10 CPBlI gnuuattup; p« Nnus “SERVING SUWANNEE VALlEY^ANDySURROUNDING AREA” «U I - 1 odvuv. uvr ctum. rjl mmbms. jm j. A Bgbt Pages Watermelon Festival Narcotics I Two lidured In Directors Meet IStolan From I ™ 27 OTLUITOM. rUMUDA tkumdat, ocroacn i, iro tot Ml no. (I Peanuts To Be Special New Business Askew, Chile;. Shewn, Show At The County O^Here Be vis And Kiik Winners MM-rtanfe tot tutor ■It UMBOOf tMfftf In Tuesday's Election Fair Next Month liur«u Own I I •) Vtw Tm- —in •• Lr*T r—ry Fair at in Wr Oni i Od •» k w« Imd n an pet Ne*. J-7 la* yea- mklkiu HirSn™ «?.i Red Devils Lou 2J02 «ned tfiH pen nn ef rtanranir enapnm 0 • «W (Ml) id tUi( 4 Hm W m=-i SeCOfKl ClMf •n’m lsee-» m iSr ceaeiy pM din nil hi hami m hy *> pRtitn t *t Ini. nd thru eett um mm Id OaWWn (l)USD^Cidi Thithleann n a^'ntiretinnii B\' Bif ScOFf Fn Csm (hertit) (2) Greet*.' ifpiimri ae • «h* mmm n hat ymi tmry ■Meat to tor W matter area J *© ^ ' ^ ■ SieaMy aad hn^mni el pui> pamn ■ eW n pn • IntelMh. 1412 eed 4 i-. 7*0 heft. (Sj Mi fie' ^erakkry Un W U ho euM awto *»«hhcA. Kith. 103. Lherd. Owe d created In retry ■ Os nn. 27 SINGLE COPY ©he (Elrieflanh (Eitizen 10c MtUM el CbUfiload, IbrUa . . . fit Cm V **• l*MMM VoAoMM.N^ti BCTACUUKD UN CanETUUI* PIXUIU IMM nm.. Dual a. 1*71 Cnh far Mini l*vy County Farmers Bmkk CI«M bar Willislon High School Are Signing Up Before Suffers $15,000 Fire The March 10 Deadline Damage Last Thursday •m mw a* / i StJ the Beat Investment Back Your Own Future -U. S. Savings Bonds • By Putting Every Spar* Kaep On Buying Them Dollar In Savings Bonds l Pll TSAA. to * COOf v Prominent Educators Work^,^--rroof •? ™rso now^., i «i |Ho JbtoaMbto A tint ler Chlafliil faau 'i dab 'cfhe Jlhlli^sloa ^Eiu^ r To Dm WllUotoo Smm - Puhlishsd lu Ths Burt Of Ihs AgHmhmtl lutim Alee Ito toy Ouee Ommmmrn WWeh Itoreed PePOatotoM to t VO. PnMhhsd umd Prinlsd li Lsry Cmty wilhstom. tioum rausBiv, ocr. m. 1 SCHOOL URCED Newspaper Moves Ills New Pint BY BRHX AT RAD MEKT1NC MONDAY AmI Office Buildisg Oa II AN. . Ito tatoitoy aaaeMas el toe Levy Catieir Mural Area Oev Spiatai OaeacM ru toto Ito Willi Only Minor Delays lo Paper toy ei ito nroaMOM mm tofi MS* Dec** Oto |NiHto Wa art carry we era to toto Tto MAii tower i ta |ata VMS ««to ito papat toto toaep. toM toe Levy Oawty CtataittaM ito ee toae awaau toto aar maw 4— toy etocauaa ta aatoeaer- to Ito tag m Twmc toto toi to loUaa iraenn atowet toaal foata to toa iiwQ eeato in« «*f ■ m m mr tone to Ito ata«y aato prar- VFW Befol to Heel toMtoy ato awtoatoto to Ito to- 28 mm taUMtal tolly tUtra TO. nwM F«r Ik*Htm primary N will ■Ml. ( Oil m Dams- fiituy (Homily Jtomrtial SS.0S Ymt In CnuMy VWmm m-m. S FtoriOa. Thunday, July 14, IMS SS.OO Ytnr Ottnhtri Welfare Dept. To Give $12,000 Spool On Co. Commission Opportunitioa For city vs. County Rivalry Lavy JaU To Mand To Hoar Zoning Commodities Mon. And Inapaction ‘Faulta’ Roquosts July 10th Bnnnwt For Marilyn L. Tues. In Levy County Bagiikod lafnMMau luva TWn anil he a regular mast¬ JZJSXZJZS Julian Benefit Day Sat. Im akado M Um U*i Caaaly ing of Ida Levy County Board of lag. arnnrdiag lo Um dkucsnr Tto Levy Cnualy VSbis Dt- ■— — ■ » tad S iiaai—. MrlodMg a mm raunty CosmoKmosmto im Tass- ■ nj IlM City wtl play Um County fc« aarapa, Ara olaras aal a day. July 1$. l*J oi II 00 a s of Um Lavy County Youth ho rrr Chioiisnd T# took aaafta ImscOm syoooas la Um Coshmimumct's in—. groaa. Wriibhy Claaao la damoa. Uconso For Stata la oa tasparuon at tht >aII by Branson. Florida, locunudnr *| ■usic aad thnotfa oa watt aa Motorcyclists To 4., hr Um Mud), U.|ua. J. Slat* Qrant Far *» Imp Sara UtnWI’i nAn U flnBowina aosuna rcovctls drawing- pamtlng ^ ahaia- SOo VftMott SuwamuMP ISfttO^ VOLUME MS NUMBER JJ WILUSTON. FLORIDA MAY M. ms USPS* SS0 S00 FIFTEEN CENTS ■■■■■■'■■ ———.. . '1 Mm ImI DON’T WORRY FOLKS, THIS FIR! IS ONLY FOR PRACTICE Two admit. • mam aHtca. and a church building watt at auhm burglar! tad or vandduad during tha paat Math In levy Counly Tha nar poai nriic. undat cenrtructlon In Statuon waa brekan Into on May V and aquipmanr vakaad at II&0 aw taken A lawn mown valued ai 11300 waa aloUn horn die Church ai ChrMi In Mnrrtaran 29 THE BRYANT - HARDEE CONNECTION By Eugenia Smith Rowe Silvester Bryant, born 27th January 1800, in Having acquired a hotel in the Tallahassee, Camden County, Georgia, (the son of Langley Leon County, Florida area in the early 1840’s, Bryant—one of the earliest settlers of St. Isaac did have a home to offer a bride, but not Patrick’s, Camden County, Georgia) grew up to such a life, as yet, to offer the darling of Silves¬ be a prosperous farmer of that area. He met and ter and Elizabeth Bryant, as was offered by the married Elizabeth Niblack, born 27th February older well-to-do widower, living in the Lake City 1807, daughter of a prominent neighbor, William area. Also, being a red-headed Irishman with a Niblack, who was a member of the 1801 Georgia ready wit, its not hard to imagine that he would Legislature from Camden County. also have a ready temper . . .In any event, he Silvester and Elizabeth married in 1826 in and Esther Ann quarreled and she was promised, Camden County. Here their daughter, Esther by her Father and Mother, to wed the older gen-r Ann Bryant was born on the 24th of April 1828. tleman, even though (it is said) she preferred the It was shortly after the birth of Esther Ann that young Irishman. Silvester and Elizabeth decided to move their As the wedding day approached the young small family to lands owned in Columbia Coun¬ lovers may or may not have communicated their ty, Florida. And it was in that area, near Lake misery to each other. Tradition is unclear on that City, that their son, Silvester Bryant, Jr., was point, but, I somehow believe that Isaac must born on the 23rd of February 1830. A daughter, have been encouraged a little, at least. But tradi¬ Elizabeth Bryant, was born the 19th of Novem¬ tion (and History) is very clear that on the eve of ber 1831. She died soon after. the wedding day, Isaac, with the help of his Silvester was a very prosperous farmer and he slaves, spirited, not only the willing Esther Ann, and Elizabeth became “Pillars of Society” in the but also the massive amount of food prepared Lake City area. Their daughter and son grew to for the wedding feast of his rival, out the win¬ be young adults amid wealth and plenty. dow of Silvester Bryant’s home. And Isaac, In due time the young swains (and by all Esther Ann, the slaves, the food and the wedding accounts, one not so young) were courting the cake, stole away in the night and were married petite, vivacious Esther Ann, among them a on the 30th of March 1844 in either Lake City or dashing young man by the name of Isaac Pierson Tallahassee. The latter being where he took her, Hardee, who was an emigree from the State of as his bride, to live, we presume, happily ever South Carolina, by way of Georgia. Isaac was after. born the 11th of October 1817 and had, at the Isaac and Esther Ann’s first child, born the age of 22, come down to Florida in 1839 as a 26th of June 1845, was a daughter and (ever an soldier to help fight the Seminole Indians. As a Irishman and a politician) they named her Eliza¬ result of his military service, (he enlisted as a beth Niblack Hardee, for her maternal grand¬ drummer and after serving for a year he was dis¬ mother. The second child, born the 6th of May charged as a fifer) he was awarded land grants 1847, was a son, John Sylvester Hardee, named and by the early 1840’s he was back in Florida for the two grandfathers. They were still living in looking around for a new plantation and for a Tallahassee at this time. wife (not necessarily in that order), to found his Silvester Bryant and his wife, Elizabeth, had own dynasty and help make his mark in the extensive real estate holdings on the Suwannee world. River in Levy County, and after the marriage of Now Isaac, son of John and Lucritia Hardee, Isaac and Esther Ann, he removed his family was also from a proud and prosperous family from Lake City, Columbia County, Florida area, from the Horry District of South Carolina. The to these remote acres in the Clay Landing vici¬ idea that he would lose Esther Ann to an older, nity. well-to-do swain, favored by Silvester and Eliza¬ Between May 1847 and January 1850, Isaac beth, after a quarrel between the young couple, and Esther Ann and their two children left didn’t seem to set too well with this determined Tallahassee and removed to the same area of red-headed descendant of an Irishman and he Levy County, near Clay Landing, on the Suwan¬ therefore refused to be daunted. nee River. The Bryants had built a two story log 30 cabin and it was here that Isaac and Esther Lenora 300.00 Ann’s third child, Issac Bryant Hardee, was born James 250.00 on 22 January 1950, named for his father and Henry 200.00 the Bryant family name. It has to be assumed by Thomas 75.00 this time that all had been forgiven the eloped Calvin 1,000.00 couple and they were one big happy family. $4,925.00 On the 20th of March 1853, the second child 2nd Group: child of Silvester and Elizabeth Bryant, Silvester, Little Mary $750.00 Jr., was married to the Lovely Miss Susan Tyner, Margaret 450.00 born on the 6th of September 1834 in Effingham Florida 550.00 County, Georgia. (The daughter of Jackson and Hester 300.00 Sarah Ann Pace Tyner, then living in Marion Georgian 300.00 County, Florida). By 1858 Silvester and Susan Handy 300.00 Bryant were living at Ft. Fanning where he was Chany 75.00 Post Master, Ft. Fanning being the largest fort in Firby and child 1,100.00 the area to protect these pioneering inhabitants Jake 1,000.00 from the Indians. $4,825.00 Slaves were needed to grow and harvest cot¬ Jackson Tyner was born the 9th of July 1911 ton. This was the farmers money crop. Cotton in Effingham County, Georgia. He met and later produced along the Suwannee River was shipped married Sarah Ann Pace, bom the 16th of July down river to Cedar Key and thence loaded on 1814, also of Effingham County, Georgia on the ships, until the completion of the railroad in 13th of December 1832. Jackson Tyner was a 1861, and then by rail to the northern and farmer and also served for a time as the County European markets. Coronor for Marion County, Florida. He died The Bryants and Hardees were known to enter¬ after 1880, as he is listed on the 1880 Census at tain lavishly. To hold merry gatherings with mu¬ Bronson, Levy County, Florida at that time. No sic and dancing and feasts prepared by slaves and further record is found of him. served on tinkling china and crystal and shining Sarah Ann Pace Tyner died the 24th October silver. Life was good for these families and on 1898 and is buried in the Old Bronson Cemetery. the 27th of February 1852, they celebrated the Jackson and Sarah Ann had six children: birth of Joseph Owen Hardee, their fourth child, 1. Susan, 6th September 1834, Effingham named for Isaac’s grandfather, Joseph Hardee of County, Georgia. South Carolina and Isaac’s brother, Joseph P. 2. Mozelle, 29th July 1836, Effingham Coun¬ Hardee, who later came to live with them. ty, Georgia. The Hardee children appeared regularly. 3. Barnet Tryon, 1st September 1838, Florida. Andrew Jackson Hardee was born the 16th of September 1854 and named for that famous 4. Jane Verlilue, 27th September 1842, Florida. Indian Fighter of Tennessee who first led the Seminole Indian War soldiers and who in later 5. Isaac Bronson, 10th November 1846, years became President of the United States. Florida. On the 20th of November 1856 sadness entered 6. William Badger, 2nd March 1850, Effing- their lives with the death of Silvester Bryant, Sr. Florida. His estate passed to his wife and two living child¬ ren, and their young families. By about 1855, Silvester Bryant, Sr. held twen¬ Silas Langley Hardee, named for his great¬ ty slaves. Their value was around ten thousand grandfather, Langley Bryant, was born the 22nd dollars and they helped him maintain a planta¬ of February 1857, just three months after the tion of 480 acres. Some of those slaves and their death of Silvester. value were: On the 23rd of October 1857, was born to 1st Family—William $800.00 Sylvester Bryant, Jr. and his wife, Susan Tyner Big Mary 500.00 Bryant, a son whom they named Sylvester Bron¬ Their Children: son Bryant. This was to be their only child. Sarah Phrna $700.00 In 1860 disaster struck in the form of typhoid Marie 500.00 fever. An epidemic which before it was done had Dianne 300.00 swept away the lives of several slaves and the un¬ Phillis 300.00 named infant son, born 24th of February, died Lenora 300.00 the 25th of February 1860. He lived just one day 31 and was buried with his mother, Esther Ann Isaac Pierson Hardee, aged 62, soldier and Bryant Hardee, who died on the 1st of March planter, died on the 26th of November 1879 and 1860. They were buried in the Bryant-Hardee was buried in the Hardee Cemetery at Pine Hill Family Cemetery, located near their home at Plantation. Susan Tyner Bryant Hardee lived to Clay Landing. They joined Silvester Bryant, Sr. be 74 years old, died on the 30th of August 1908 and several of their slaves in this burial ground and was buried beside Isaac. which is now lost on the banks of the Suwannee River along with the site of that first log home. Sylvester Bronson Bryant, only child and heir Three months after the deaths of Esther Ann of Sylvester Bryant, Jr. and Susan Tyner Bryant and her son, on the 1st of June 1860, Sylvester Hardee, married on the 19th of August 1896, Bryant, Jr. succumbed to the dreaded disease Miss Alice Wanamaker, born 31st July 1878. She and was buried in what is now the Hardee Ceme¬ was sickly and died a year later on the 3rd of tery, Hardeetown, Levy County, Florida. His September 1897 at the home of her parents in was the first grave. Tampa, Hillsborough County, Florida. She was Isaac Pierson Hardee, grieving widower, mar¬ buried in the Key Stone Churchyard Cemetery in ried his former sister-in-law, Susan Tyner Tampa. Bryant, grieving widow, in November of that About 1900 he was married to Miss Sarah same fateful year of 1860. Isaac, left with six liv¬ Eleanor Worthington, of Levy County, Florida. ing children under the age of fifteen and Susan, She was born 25th December 1877, daughter of left with her three year old son, Sylvester Bron¬ John Langley Worthington, and his wife, Susan son Bryant, and their aging (54 year old) mother- Taylor Worthington. They were blessed with six in-law, Elizabeth Niblack Bryant, had decided to children: pool their families and their resources and make 1. Eulalee, 24th September 1901. a home at Pine Hill Plantation for all of them. 2. Ida Mae, 12th March 1903. Thus, first cousins became step-brothers and 3. Bronson Worthington, 16th August 1904. step-sister, Aunt and Uncle became Step-Mother 4. Elenor, 5th October 1905. and Step-Father. 5. Sylvester Langley, 22nd February 1907. The arrangement was a successful one as on 6. Susan, 16th September 1908. the 23rd of September 1861, Oscar Davis (Or On the 30th of May 1929, Eulalee was married Daves) Hardee was born; followed by Eugene to J. Mauley Hudson. On the 5th of April 1930, William Jackson, 3rd of August 1864; Dora Ann Bronson Worthington Bryant married Miss Hardee, 23rd March 1866 (who died 4th of May Martha Esther Howell, and they have one son, 1866); and last but not least, Emmett Russel Bronson Howell Bryant, born 4th of December Hardee, born on the 29th of October 1867. 1931. 32 Ellzey Methodist Church built in about 1865. 33 THE ELLZEY METHODIST CHURCH By Marie G. Meeks Between the year 1850 and 1860, Robert Mar¬ Grove. This included practically all of what is vin Ellzey, a young Methodist preacher, felt a known as Levy County today except the Willis- call to go to the frontier to help spread the Gos¬ ton area. pel. With his wife he started out from Barnwell A ledger containing a few remaining sheets of County, South Carolina. They traveled down un¬ old church record dating 1871, at the time when til they crossed the Georgia-Florida line and from Parson Ellzey was admitted to conference, lists there on everywhere they stopped he preached. the names of eighty-seven persons on the church He would pray and ask for Divine Guidance at roll in 1894. The sheets containing the roll before every place he stopped, in order that he might that time were torn out. know where to stop and establish a church. Mr. W. W. Ellzey states that his father walked They traveled down through central Florida, to churches within eight miles and rode horse¬ finally arriving at Lake Butler. Here he stopped back to the others. He says his father was paid and preached, supposedly for several months. mostly in produce from the farms and with the While there his wife passed away. little money they received they bought clothes. After the death of his wife, he moved on down The majority of the money went to buy the long thirty-six miles west of Gainesville, to what was tailed parsons coat which his Father wore. He called Eurika, but later changed to Ellzey. Upon says his Mother was a good manager and even arriving there he said that this was the place he though his Father was away from home most of felt that he had been looking for. He immediate¬ the time his Mother managed to keep things go¬ ly established a Homestead Grant and took up ing. residence. At the twenty-seventh Conference held in Tal¬ Soon after getting a cabin fixed for himself lahassee in 1871, Robert Marvin Ellzey was ad¬ with the help of a few settlers, they erected a one mitted to Conference. room log cabin to be used for a church. They Out of the eleven churches that Parson Ellzey split the logs to make the floor and used wooden served in 1872, there are four still active today. pegs for nails. They are: Ellzey, Bronson, Cedar Key and By this time Parson Ellzey or Uncle Ellzey, as Archer. he was more commonly known among his close In 1853 a railroad was built to Cedar Key from friends in the surrounding communities, had Fernandina. The train burned cord wood so se¬ married Avarilla Williams, who was quite a help veral of the families found that they could make mate for him. Along with raising four children, good by cutting cord wood for the train, others she conducted Sunday School and made arrange¬ found that they could do well cutting the cross ments to feed and lodge the many people who ties to build and then to repair the railroad came from the surrounding communities to at¬ tracks. tend services at the church. Around 1900 Ellzey went through a period of Sometime during the years between 1860-1865 growth. A cedar mill was constructed and a little the one room log cabin church burned. A Mr. later a turpentine still was put into operation. Worthington agreed to cut the lumber, and by Many of the older families, some of which are this time a number of families lived in Ellzey and still represented here today are as follows: all agreed to go to work and build a new church Phelps, Ellzey, Meeks, Perryman, Hogans, on the same sight. This is the church that is Pinner, Ishie, Williams, Tindales, Becks, Berry- standing today. The only difference to be found hill and Oglesbees. All were farmers. in it is, the storm which passed through in 1889 During the period of growth the church pros¬ blew the steeple off, new windows and several pered and many preachers came and went. A new roofs have been added and also three Sun¬ Baptist church was added to the community dur¬ day School rooms have been added to the back. ing this period and was maintained until around In 1872 Parson Ellzey’s circuit included Bron¬ 1918 when the cedar was cut out and the cedar son, Cedar Key, Ellzey, Archer, Shell Pond, mill moved. The turpentine still operated by Blitch Schoolhouse, Hardee Schoolhouse, Clyatt West Brothers was closed down in 1952. School, Levyville, Rocky Hammock and Oak Sunday School and Church services have con- 34 tinued continuously from before the building of Due to the fortitude of Brother M. B. Cox, the first log church when services were conducted Mr. Robbie Pinner, who was then Superinten¬ in the homes up until the present time in Ellzey. dent of the Sunday School, Mr. W. W. Ellzey, They have been conducted on the same site ex¬ son of the late Parson Ellzey, and Mr. N. J. cept for the times that calamities have befallen Meeks, with the combined help of the other the building. members of the church, the windows were re¬ In 1936 several people in Ellzey decided to placed and services were soon resumed in the start raising goats. They overran the place and church. due to neglect of the people they took the church On the first Sunday in June 1939, after church so the people just moved out to the school build¬ services were resumed in the church, the first ing where services were conducted for about two “Homecoming” was held. This was the begin¬ years. A new preacher, Reverend Skelley came to ning of the annual “Ellzey Homecoming” which us who had zeal and determination, so he started is attended by hundreds from near and far each a campaign to reclaim the church. Under his di¬ year, giving proof that the church has had a far rection we were, in a few months, back in the old reaching effect and has a history behind it. church with a new roof on it, windows repaired The Ellzey Church has approximately twenty- and a new door with a lock on it so that the five active members today. The old church is goats could not enter. very much in need of repair. Due to the encour¬ We had been back in the church approximately agement brought to the church by the young stu¬ a year when one afternoon three boys of the dent pastors serving it, out of the University of community sought refuge in the church from an Gainesville and due to the consecration, love and electrical storm. While in there they had nothing devotion of the few remaining members, the else to do so they shot the windows out. Services church carries on today conducting Sunday were then forced to be conducted in the school- School and church each Sunday. house again. 35 36 The old Curry homestead, 1904: Lem and Fannie Curry, Baby Alma, Blake, Gad, Lizzie, Belle, and Effie. The deer was a pet. HENRY MIMS MATTAIR (18 -19 ) Transcribed by Eugenia Smith Rowe I was born over there in an old log house her work. After awhile some whites captured her which is now gone. My father built this house the back down around Stafford’s Pond close to year I was born, and I have lived right here ever Montbrook which used to be Phoenix. They since. I have farmed all my life, raised cows, changed it to Montbrook because some families hogs, just regular farming. named Brooks moved in. I guess they named the My father was a farmer and a blacksmith. He place after Old Man Mont Brooks. Anyway, to was raised about two miles from here in the di¬ get back to my story, the Negro woman told the rection of Williston. My grandfather lived some¬ whites that when the Indians killed Old Man where around Lake City and then he moved to Stafford, they scalped him, took his stuff off Jacksonville. After he married my grandmother, him, and went over to Micanopy and danced they lived over in what is now the Ocala National around that scalp for two or three days. Forest. My father was born there. I believe it was Great Grandpa Tyner killed an Indian and a place called Long Swamp. That was about brought the scalp in and hung it on his back 1850. porch. Great Grandma Nancy Tyner made him My wife is named Ima Vira Reeves Mattair. take it down. I don’t know whatever became of She was born in West Virginia. We have been it but I still have the tomahawk that the Indian married fifty years and have four sons and one had at the time. daughter. During the Indian War times, the people built When I was a boy, there were more people liv¬ forts. There was one not far from Col. Smith’s, ing around this neighborhood than now. You right there where you turn to go to Macintosh. could say that our place is southwest of Waca- Some people today still have these here big old hoota. musket balls; what the whites shot at the Indians My Great Grandfather fought in the Indians when they tried to slip in. When the ground was Wars. I don’t know when he came to this coun¬ plowed up the people would find the musket try, but it was before the Indians and whites got balls. I remember when Mr. Willard Smith lived mad at each other. I have heard my Grandmo¬ up here, he had a box full of them. ther tell about the Indians coming to their house The Indians, before the war broke out, would when she was about six or seven. She remember¬ come in here and trade huckleberries for milk. ed one day when six Indians were setting on the There was not a regular trading post here. porch with Old Man Tyner (that was my Great I never knew much about my Grandmother’s Grandfather). They had brought some brooms brothers and sisters because they either died or and baskets to give to the older children, so my got killed during the Civil War. My daddy went Grandmother wanted to play around there so she off to the Civil War, also my uncle. The first could see what was going on. The Indians were person ever buried at the Orange Hill Cemetery sitting and lying on the floor. They had brought was William Tyner and some of his people live some knives along to show Old Man Tyner. One around Williston now. Mrs. Gilley is one of of the Indians reached for a knife right at my them. Carl Gilley found two tomahawks in a Grandmother’s feet and she took off like a mound in Gulf Hammock during hunting season. streak. The Indians all laughed at that. I heard that they are over at the University now. My Great Grandmother was Nancy Tyner and I don’t know exactly where the Indians lived that was in the early 1800’s. I don’t recall hear¬ around here. I have heard that they used to drive ing what kind of Indians those were. My Great cattle from Stafford’s Pond to the prairie over Grandfather Tyner came here in 1832. Williston there where Whitehurst lived, the other side of did not exist then. My wife, Ima, who was a his place. They must have lived, for one place, Reeves, was born at a place called Balls in Mon¬ around Johnson Lake because so many arrow¬ roe County, West Virginia. heads have been found there. After my Grand¬ I have heard my Grandfather say that after the father and Grandmother separated, she married war started, the Indians captured a Negro wo¬ a man by the name of Tanner. Both of them had man and took her over to Micanopy and made children to finish raising, so you might say Old 37 Man Tanner raised my daddy. The old Tanner In that Orange Hill Cemetery there’s a big Oak Cemetery is still down there, about two and a Tree and that’s where William Tyner picked out half miles from here. The Wacahoota Methodist the place for him to be buried. Some people since Church, about two miles from here, is a lot older then have wanted to cut the tree down and there than the Orange Hill Cemetery. I think the first were some fusses about that. Some of Tyner settler around Wacahoota was a man named bunch objected, said their Grandpa owned the Smith. land at the time he was buried and a whole row My father left Florida and went off to the of Tyners are buried there. Civil War. He was wounded five times. I heard My Grandmother never had bad experiences him talk about Chickamauga, also some place with the Indians. This old Bible here, they gave called Lookout Mountain. He got shot twice in it to her when she was a child. I remember her the arm there and in his knee. saying that the white people had no business tak¬ There was a log cabin down the road from ing Florida away from the Indians. When the here that Mrs. Horne used to live in. I used to go Indians were chased out of here, Grandma said down there when I was a child and she would she wished she was back in Mississippi. Ethel always give me something to eat, usually a bis¬ Gilley of Williston, that’s Mrs. Waldo Gilley, is cuit and sausage. also the great granddaughter of Old Man Tyner My grandfather was named Johnathan J. Ty¬ and the granddaughter of William Tyner. ner, he was born in September, 1824. My Grand¬ Grandma used to go there and they would get to mother was named Frances and she was born in talking about the old times and Ben was still liv¬ 1826. They called her Fanny. Grandpa died when ing, that’s Ben Tyner who was Ethel’s father. he was 76. Ethel might remember more than I do. 38 WHY RYE - - - KEY, THAT IS? Why should a small island at the north of Way John E. Johnson and Thomas H. Parsons re¬ Key, on the Number Four Channel, have borne ceived title to their respective lands by patent the name “Rye Key” ever since the first govern¬ from the General Land Office of the United ment survey of the Cedar Keys in the 1850’s? States. Then, exactly six months later, on (The railroad route excepted.) The answer lies February 1, 1854, these two homesteaders sold with a young homesteader named John E. their entire acreage to Major John Parsons. The Johnson, who received a permit to enter and set¬ major, in turn, sold those lands to the Florida tle upon 160.5 acres on January 23, 1843. In ad¬ Railroad Company on September 22, 1855 and dition to the small island upon which he built his again, it appears from the deeds, on June 30, dwelling, Johnson’s tract included much of the 1856. In the first transaction, David Levy Yulee northern and central portions of Way Key, the was one of the grantors on the deed; in the se¬ island selected by David Levy (Yulee added later) cond, Major Parson’s wife, Susan Decatur Par¬ to become the Gulf terminus of his projected sons, was another grantor. In each transaction, trans-peninsula railroad from Fernandina. the lands were identical, so many may conclude About the same time, an acquaintance of that the Florida Railroad Company, creature of Johnson, young Thomas H. Parsons, received a Yulee’s tireless efforts, was well-possessed of permit to homestead 164.31 acres on Way Key, those 324.81 acres so vital to its future. more to the southeast, where most of the City of So what has all this to do with the name of Cedar Key has developed. Both men’s permits Rye Key? John E. Johnson’s birthplace was Rye, came through U.S. Government’s land office in New Hampshire. And that is where the Parsons Newnansville, which was managed for six years came from. by Seminole War veteran, Major John Parsons. --Charles C. Fishburne, Jr., The major was an uncle of Thomas H. Parsons. April, 1984 On precisely the same date, August 1, 1853, Archivist, Cedar Key Historical Society 39 THE CEDAR KEYS, STEAMBOATS, AND THE SUWANNEE RIVER By Charles C. Fishburne, Jr. Archivist, Cedar Key Historical Society April 10, 1984 When steamboats began operating on Florida perform her trips regularly at all seasons of the waters in the 1830s, some serving the U.S. Army year between Columbus and Cedar Keys, leaving were ascending the lower Suwannee River by Columbus every TUESDAY morning at 7 1836. However, not until 1845, two years after o’clock, A.M. and Cedar Keys every FRIDAY the U.S. Government declared the Second Semi¬ morning . . .As soon as practicable this boat nole War over, did the first regular steamboat will extend her trips up the Suwannee River to service on the Suwannee commence. On October the Upper Springs, and also up the Withlacoo- 25 of that year, the St. Augustine News reported chee River. that the Orpheus was in operation between the . . .The Florida State Internal Improvement Cedar Key and Santa Fe and Columbus. Steam¬ and Steam Navigation Company . . .will soon boat authority Edward A. Mueller (Florida complete their arrangements . . .for purchase of Historical Quarterly, January, 1967, pp. 271-88) cotton and other products of the country . . . adds that the Orpheus met an obscure and tragic As soon as practicable a line of suitable packets end on the Suwannee in 1847. She was soon to will be established by the Company between by followed by the Glasgow. The new service was Cedar Keys and New York and New Orleans for announced in the Tallahassee Floridian on May the conveyance of freight and passengers . . .The 13, 1848 by the captain, himself, as follows: facilities offered to parties of pleasure and others to visit the Keys, at all seasons of the year, one STEAMER GLASGOW of the most healthy and desirable retreats for James Tucker, Master invalids and others in the State, and the beautiful THE undersigned avails himself of this mode and romantic scenery of the Suwannee will, it is of informing the public that the new Steamer supposed, offer inducements to many to avail Glasgow is now performing her regular trips on themselves of so pleasant an excursion. the Suwannee River between Columbus and For further particulars, apply to Messrs. D. P. Cedar Keys. This boat is strongly built of the SMITH & Co., Columbus, Messrs. SMITH & best materials and propelled by two engines, and HARRIS, Madison, Messrs. PUTNAM & capable of carrying one hundred tons burthen, or RICHARDS, Cedar Keys, or to the undersigned. 400 bales of cotton, with suitable accomodations Columbus, Florida, January 22, 1848 for forty passengers, of light draft, requiring but JAMES TUCKER seventeen inches water, thereby enabling her to And others, Proprietors 40 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 3 1262 09770 9991 Gilchrist County Journal, Print