Director’s SUMMARY 2013

AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM OUR VALUES OUR VISION

Through leadership, integrity, service, innovation and 5PNBLFUIF"VTUSBMJBO5SPQJDBM)FSCBSJVNBMFBEFS team-building, these values and beliefs guide our in tropical biodiversity research, that conducts actions: diverse, relevant and innovative research; converts that research into useful products; ofers training, t 8FBSFDPNNJUUFEUPQSPWJEJOHMFBEFSTIJQJO JOTQJSBUJPOBOEFOHBHFNFOUXJUIUIFDPNNVOJUZ research and through such eforts be an exemplar BOE CZDPMMBCPSBUJOHXJUIPUIFST BDIJFWFTBHSFBUFS for others understanding of sustainable tropical systems. t 8FBSFEFEJDBUFEUPCFTUQSBDUJDFJOBMMPVS endeavours t 8FBSFSFTPMWFEUPQSPEVDFJOBUJNFMZNBOOFS innovative and relevant outputs t 8FBSFQMFEHFEUPTFFLCFUUFSXBZTBOECFUUFS science t 8FWBMVFBDPMMBCPSBUJWF FOHBHJOH DBSJOH approach to team-building.

RESEARCH PARTNERS

The Board, staf, students and associates of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) Australian Tropical Herbarium thank the following German Research Foundation funding partners for helping support our research. Grifth University/James Cook University Collaborative Grants Scheme Australian Biological Research Study (ABRS) JCU Centre for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Australian Government Caring for our Country Change (CTBCC) Program (CfoC) JCU Centre for Tropical Environmental Australian Centre for International Agricultural Sustainability Science (TESS) Research (ACIAR) JCU Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE) Australian Orchid Foundation (AOF) National Environmental Research Program (NERP) Australian Research Council (ARC) The Nature Conservancy (TNC) Australian Systematic Botany Society (ASBS) North Wildlife Trust (NQWT) BHP Billiton Cannington Community Fund Queensland Government Dept. Environmental Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Heritage Protection (EHP) Frankfurt, Germany Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service (QPWS) CSIRO Summer Student Program Skyrail Rainforest Foundation (SRF) Conservation International (CI), Critical Ecosystem Wet Tropics Management Authority (WTMA) Partnership Fund World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Daintree Rainforest Observatory (DRO) Flora Malesiana Foundation Grants to ATH personnel in 2013 totalled $546,000.

Cover photo: Tiny mountain-top orchid, Bulbophyllum johnsonii. Photo: Andrea Lim. Inside cover photo: Rainforest, Speewah. CONTENTS

Our Values Evolution and Systematics of Bromeliaceae 9 Our Vision Theme 2 – Threats and Impacts 11 Research Partners Threatened Endemic of Palau 11 From the Director 2 Efects of Climate Change on The Wet Tropics Introduction 3 Mountain-Top Flora 11 2013 Highlights 3 Creating a Phylogenetic Heat Map Of Australia’s Flora: Governance 4 A New Measure To Conserve Biodiversity 11 Service 4 Theme 3 – Plants for People 11 Rainforest Plant Identifcation Workshops 4 Development and Delivery of Germplasm for Scientifc Enquiries 4 Sandalwood and Whitewood in Vanuatu and Northern Australia 11 Identifcations 4 Development of a PNG Timber Industry Based on Visitors 4 Community-Based Planted Forests: Design and Representative Roles (External) 5 Implementation of a National Germplasm Delivery Reviewing and Refereeing 5 System 12 Communications 5 Tropical Indigenous Ethnobotany Centre (TIEC) Media 5 Partnership 12 Website 5 Two-Way Knowledge - Building Synergies between Social Media 5 Indigenous Knowledge and The Atlas of Living Australia’s Facilities 6 Science 12 Herbarium 6 Mbabaram Traditional Plant Use Research 12 Public Reference Collection 6 Mapoon Traditional Plant Use Research 12 Library 6 Theme 4 – Planning and Management 13 Laboratory 6 Regional Ecosystem Mapping 13 DNA/Tissue Bank 6 Numerical Classifcation of Regional Ecosystems and Research 7 Patterns of Plant Diversity Distribution 13 Theme 1 – Biodiversity, , Evolution 7 Theme 5 – Unlocking our Knowledge 13 Re-evaluation of Taxonomic Concepts in Australian Rain Forest Key 13 based on Molecular Phylogenetic Savanna Key 13 Evidence 7 Appendix 1 – Publications and Presentations 15 Phylogeography of Orchid Complexes of the Scientifc Papers 15 Australian Wet Tropics 7 General Publications (Unrefereed) 15 Origins of the Wet Tropics Flora – A Molecular Theses 16 Phylogenetic Perspective 7 Research Presentations 16 Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Dynamics of Community Talks 19 Elaeocarpaceae 8 Appendix 2 – Participants In Activities, 2013 20 Macrofungi of Northeast Queensland 8 Staf 20 Host Specifcity of Fungal Endophytes of Tropical Research Students 20 Australian Rainforests 8 Volunteers 20 Australian Animal/Plant Co-Evolution 9 DNA Barcoding of Ectomycorrhizal Hypogeous Fungi 9

ATH Staf and students. Back row (l-r) Kaylene Bransgrove, Frank Zich, Janani Jayanthan, Melissa Harrison, Andrew Thornhill, Stuart Worboys, Katharina Schulte, Ashley Field, Gerry Turpin. Front row (l-r): Eda Addicott, Andrea Lim, Darren Crayn. Absent: Sook-Ngoh Phoon, Yumiko Baba, Gary Wilson, Craig Costion, Lalita Simpson, Mark Newton, Sandra Abell-Davis, Tony Page.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 1 FROM THE DIRECTOR

As Director of the Australian Tropical Herbarium, it is of initiatives including the Tropical Indigenous satisfying to refect on the activities and achievements Ethnobotany Centre, the Regional Ecosystem of the organisation over 2013. We enjoyed a mapping program, the Plant Identifcation Workshops, successful year characterised by solid growth in and the award-winning ‘Rainforest Key’. Other ways in several key result areas and the achievement of all which we engage including roles on various external milestones and performance targets. advisory committees and boards and through contracted research activities. We continue to strive to A highlight of 2013 was Gerry Turpin’s winning of fnd new and better ways to deliver our science and the Deadly Award for Indigenous Scientist or Science ensure it has impact, such as the proposed Australian Project of the Year. This prestigious award honours Savanna Plant Information System (ASPIS). Gerry’s contribution to ethnobotanical research and science engagement in tropical Australia. The Tropical Since establishment in 2008 we have delivered Indigenous Ethnobotany Centre (TIEC) continues to strongly on our agenda, testament to the dedication build momentum through Gerry’s activities. and talent of our staf, students and associates. At the close of the sixth and penultimate year of operation Our research program continues to diversify under the current joint venture agreement, the ATH while retaining a core focus on plant systematics is looking forward to a renewed agreement and and biodiversity studies. Income to the ATH from continuing to develop our research, training and competitive external grants remains strong and outreach programs. research outputs of consistently high quality continue to increase in number year on year. We believe this It is my great pleasure to present this sixth annual is due in part to our commitment to building and Director’s Summary report. I hope you enjoy reading it. maintaining efective research partnerships – being good collaborative partners is what drives us. For research to have impact it must be accessible. ATH staf deliver the fruits of our research to end-users in Prof. Darren Crayn government and the community through a number Director, Australian Tropical Herbarium

2 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM INTRODUCTION 2013 HIGHLIGHTS

The Australian Tropical Herbarium (ATH) is a joint Media: The ATH received considerable media venture of the Commonwealth Scientifc and Industrial coverage during 2013 including 15 print or online Research Organisation (CSIRO), Director National media articles, 4 radio interviews and TV coverage of Parks (DNP), Queensland Department of Science, the “Deadly Awards”. Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts Publications: 18 scientifc papers and 4 general (DSITIA), and James Cook University (JCU). The ATH’s articles were published, and 2 research student theses activities are overseen by the ATH Board comprising were submitted. representatives of the three main participants (CSIRO, JCU, DSITIA), the Director, and an independent chair. Presentations: 55 research talks were presented to The ATH is physically located within the Australian scientifc audiences, and 6 to community audiences. Tropical Forest Institute (ATFI) building on the Cairns campus of JCU, and administratively is part of JCU’s Research grants income: $546,000 in external Faculty of Science and Engineering (FSE). competitive research grant income was received. Postgraduate students: Dr Caroline Puente-Lelievre The Sir Robert Norman Building (housing ATFI was awarded her PhD in 2013 (JCU, “Systematics and and the ATH) was completed in November 2007 biogeography of the Styphelieae (Epacridoideae, and movement of the MBA and QRS collections Ericaceae)”, supervised by Darren Crayn, Elizabeth was completed by the start of February 2008. The Brown, Mark Harrington, and Paul Gadek). building was ofcially opened by The Hon. Anna Bligh, Premier of Queensland on 4 March 2008, and the inaugural Director commenced duty on 31 March 2008, the Operational Date of ATH.

The ATH boasts state-of-the-art facilities and infrastructure for specimen processing, photography, pest and climate control, and feld, Herbarium and laboratory research. The main activity is management of the more than 170,000 plant specimens that comprise the CNS collection, a merger of the collections (and staf) of the Australian National Herbarium – Atherton (QRS), the Queensland Herbarium – Mareeba (MBA) and part of the JCU Herbarium collection (JCT) to form an unsurpassed representative collection of north Queensland’s fora. Research at the Australian Tropical Herbarium is undertaken on the following themes: THEME 1 – BIODIVERSITY, TAXONOMY, EVOLUTION Assessment of tropical plant and fungal biodiversity through systematics and evolutionary studies, including taxonomy, biology, biogeography, ecology, and genetics; THEME 2 – THREATS AND IMPACTS Gerry Turpin, ethnobotanist was honoured with Impacts of fragmentation, degradation, weeds the Deadly Award for Scientist or Science Project and threatening processes on tropical fora, such of the Year. This is the frst time the ‘Deadlys’ (or as exploring genetics and reproductive strategies the National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander of environmental weeds leading to improved Music, Sport, Entertainment and Community control strategies, and exploring ecophysiology Awards) have included an award for a scientist or and quantitative genetics in understanding climate science project. change impacts; THEME 3 – PLANTS FOR PEOPLE The award, sponsored by CSIRO, recognises Turpin’s role in establishing the Tropical Documenting traditional uses of tropical plants Indigenous Ethnobotany Centre – a partnership and fungi (ethnobotany), and innovative utilisation between Traditional Owners, the ATH, The Cairns of tropical plant and fungal resources, such as Institute at James Cook University, CSIRO, and the biodiscovery and bioprospecting, novel crops and Queensland Government. commercialisation; THEME 4 – PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Planning and management of tropical fora, biodiversity and ecosystems; THEME 5 – UNLOCKING OUR KNOWLEDGE Developing more efective ways to deliver research outputs to the community including training and capacity-building.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 3 ! ! ! ! ATH Board members: (L-R) Dr Greg Leach (Chair), Prof Andrew Young, Dr Christine Williams, Prof Jefrey Loughran, Dr Judy West, Prof Paul Gadek. ! GOVERNANCE SERVICE

BOARD RAINFOREST PLANT IDENTIFICATION The ATH Board oversees the operations of the ATH WORKSHOPS and sets overall strategic management policy and The ATH in partnership with the Wet Tropics objectives. The Board comprises two representatives Management Authority delivers a series of of each of the Participants (CSIRO, DSITIA, JCU), the workshop-style courses covering the skills needed to Director, and an independent Chairperson. The Board identify both native and weedy plant species in the meets twice per year, in April and October. rainforests of the Wet Tropics. The courses are suitable At December 31, 2013, ATH Board members were: for a broad range of users, including environmental professionals, rangers, students and interested public. - Dr Greg Leach (Independent Chairperson) The courses are hands-on, with participants visiting - Prof Paul Gadek (JCU) local rainforests to put into practice their classroom - Dr Gordon Guymer (DSITIA) learning. - Prof Jef Loughran (JCU) In 2013 three workshops were delivered: a specialist - Dr Judy West (CSIRO) course for environmental staf at the Department of Transport and Main Roads in Cairns; introductory - Dr Christine Williams (DSITIA) and advanced modules in Cairns (general public) - Prof Andrew Young (CSIRO) and introductory and advanced modules in Paluma - Prof Darren Crayn (Director) (general public).

ATH DIRECTOR SCIENTIFIC ENQUIRIES The ATH Director oversees the day-to-day operations A total of 162 scientifc enquiries (excluding identif- of the ATH including managing staf and volunteers, cations) were answered by ATH staf. developing and directing the Research Program as approved by the Board, promoting the ATH, IDENTIFICATIONS developing and maintaining strategic external partnerships, and working to meet the agreed ATH A total of 360 plant identifcations were performed by Key Performance Indicator targets. The Director is also ATH staf for the general public. required to maintain a signifcant personal research program. VISITORS The Director reports to the Pro-Vice Chancellor During 2013, 204 people visited the ATH for (Science and Engineering) and to the ATH Board. non-scientifc reasons, many of whom were part of group tours. Hon. Ian Walker visits ATH. DIGNITARIES t 5IF)PO*BO8BMLFS.1 2VFFOTMBOE.JOJTUFSGPS Science, Information Technology, Innovation and the Arts); and t %S"MCFSU4DISBN 7JDF$IBODFMMPS 6/*5&$) 1/(  and Larry Orsak (UNITECH, PNG).

4 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM COMMUNICATIONS

REPRESENTATIVE ROLES (EXTERNAL) MEDIA ATH staf served the scientifc and broader community at Media coverage of ATH activities during 2013 local, national and international levels through roles on included 7 print, 8 online media articles, 4 radio twenty-two professional and community committees. interviews and TV coverage of the “Deadly Awards”. 5th International Orchid Conservation Congress, La Sandra Abell-Davis ‘Fears for tiny marsupial with a Réunion (France) Organising Committee (Micheneau C) taste for trufes. Bettong forest alert’ appeared in the Townsville Bulletin 13/11/13 regarding a possible Australasian Mycological Society (AMS), treasurer decline in the northern bettong which may relate (Abell-Davis S) to a loss of biodiversity of native trufe species and Australasian Systematic Botany Society (ASBS), potential impacts on sclerophyll forest ecosystem Treasurer (Zich F) function. Australasian Systematic Botany Society, Chapter Darren Crayn NERP project “Genetic Diversity of the convener, Cairns (Schulte K) Wet Tropics rainforest – key to efective conservation” was featured in the Wet Tropics Management Australian Systematic Botany journal, Editorial Board Authority (WTMA) eBulletin (14 May 2013); ”Back (Crayn D) stage pass to the world of Banks” in WTMA – Wet Australian Barcode of Life Network Steering Tropics Guide Network eNews (July 2013). Committee (Crayn D) John Dowe “Palms reach milestone” Townsville Australian Biological Resources Study Advisory Palmetum celebrated its 25th birthday, Townsville Sun Committee, Chair, Research Committee (Crayn D) 18 Sep 2013. Australian Orchid Foundation Research Committee Gerry Turpin was honoured with the inaugural (Crayn D) ‘Deadly Award for Scientist or Science Project of the Year’ which received considerable media coverage Cairns and Far North Environment Centre (CAFNEC) in print, online and on radio including two articles Management Committee (Worboys S) in the Cairns Post, three in various newsletters, the Cost Action FA1103 Endophytes in Agriculture and Awards ceremony broadcast on SBS TV, and two radio Biotechnology (Abell-Davis S) interviews (ABC Radio Torres Strait and Radio National). Other related media included “Work to preserve Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria, member of tradition spreads” Cairns Post 12 Sep 2013; “Gerry wins the Executive, CNS member (Crayn D) a Deadlys” DSITIA staf newsletter; “The Deadlys 2013 – Daintree Rainforest Observatory Scientifc Committee Inaugural Prize for Science”, Remote Indigenous News (Crayn D) Sep 2013; “Congratulations to a Deadly Scientist”, JCU website; “Tropical champion – Deadly Awards winner Friends of the Botanic Gardens, Cairns, Patron (Wilson G) – Gerry Turpin Ethnobotanist”, Growing our Futures Fungimap Australia (Abell-Davis S) newsletter, 28 Oct 2013. Indigenous Contact Ofcer for Cape York (Weeds) JCU student Megan Grixti‘s rediscovery of a rare moss. (Turpin G) “Megan fnds holy grail of moss” and “Moss mystery – Julatten local fnds super rare species, key to a IUCN Carnivorous Plants Working Group (Wilson G) centuries old question”, Port Douglas and Mossman Gazette”, 17 Oct 2013; “Mystery moss rediscovered”, Managers of Australasian Herbarium Collections JCU website. (MAHC) (Zich F) Katharina Schulte, Darren Crayn and Craig Costion National Environmental Research Program, Tropical featured in the Cairns Post (12 Sept 2013) “JCU trio Ecosystems Hub, Rainforest Implementation Group delving into plant DNA for fast ID”. (Crayn D) David Tng featured in the Wet Tropics Management Plant Species Biology journal, International Organization Authority (WTMA) eBulletin (14 May 2013) “David of Plant Biosystematists Board (Gadek P) Tng’s big trees”. Society for Growing Australian Plants, Cairns Branch, Newsletter Editor and Treasurer (Worboys S) WEBSITE Society of Australian Systematic Biologists, Secretary The ATH website (www.ath.org.au) received 207,173 (Thornhill A) hits and 34,089 visits in 2013. These numbers are Wet Tropics Management Authority Scientifc 14.3% and 3.6% higher than those for 2012, indicating Advisory Committee (Crayn D, Turpin G) increased interest in the website.

REVIEWING AND REFEREEING SOCIAL MEDIA During 2013 ATH staf reviewed or refereed 11 In late 2013 the ATH Facebook page was launched international journal manuscripts, 30 grant proposals, - https://www.facebook.com/tropicalherbarium 2 books, and 4 theses.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 5 FACILITIES

HERBARIUM The ATH collection, a fully databased and representative archive of preserved plant specimens that supports the ATH’s research and botanical information delivery programs, is comprised of: t D TQFDJNFOTUIBUBSFQSFTTFE ESJFEBOE mounted on herbarium sheets held in the Collection Room t D TQFDJNFOTUIBUBSFQSFTFSWFEJO ethanol held in the Spirit Room t DXPPECMPDLT Over 1,800 new herbarium specimens were accessioned, 4,003 collection records were edited and 2,142 specimens were re-identifed in 2013. Maintenance of up-to-date plant nomenclature, specimen processing times, herbarium service delivery (such as specimen loans) and collection hygiene (free from insect and fungal pests) exceeded agreed benchmarks.

PUBLIC REFERENCE COLLECTION (PRC) The Public Reference Collection contains an expanding collection of north Queensland native plants and weeds now totalling 3,769 specimens and 2,528 taxa. It is open for use by the general public during normal business hours. In 2013, usage totalled 80 hours by 43 external users.

LIBRARY The ATH library collection contains over 500 titles, including all the major serials on the taxonomy of CSIRO summer student Sarah Mannel and Dr. Katharina Schulte. plants relevant to tropical Australia.

LABORATORY The ATH maintains a state of the art molecular genetics lab capable of supporting a wide range of DNA-based biodiversity and evolutionary research methods including sequence analysis and genotyping using a range of techniques from AFLPs to microsatellite analysis. Users during 2013 included seven ATH research staf, numerous visiting researchers and students (both international and local), one summer research student, two lab volunteers, and eleven PhD students. Kaylene Bransgrove examining a fungal culture. DNA/TISSUE BANK Research on plant genetics at the ATH is underpinned by our collections of DNA samples and frozen tissue representing the great majority of genera present in the wet rainforests of North Queensland, and signifcant representation of the non-rainforest fora. Holdings currently consist of over 6750 samples (755 of which were added during 2013). We continue to build on our collections with the main strategic focus being on achieving representative coverage of all northern Australian biomes. Water fern (Azolla pinnata) and water lily.

6 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM RESEARCH

Research undertaken at the Australian Tropical PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF ORCHID SPECIES Herbarium falls under fve themes. These themes and COMPLEXES OF THE AUSTRALIAN WET the research projects within them are detailed on the TROPICS following pages. Team: Lalita Simpson, Katharina Schulte, Claire Micheneau, Mark Clements (CANBR), Keith MacDonald THEME 1 – BIODIVERSITY, TAXONOMY, (DSITIA), Marcia Goetze (Universidade Federal Rio EVOLUTION Grande do Sul), Ashley Field, Darren Crayn Assessment of tropical plant and fungal biodiversity Background: This project aims to provide important through systematic and evolutionary studies, insights into phylogenetic relationships of closely including taxonomy, biology, biogeography, ecology, related orchid taxa of the Australian Wet Tropics and and genetics of tropical plants and fungi. to unravel their biogeographic history in the context of Cenozoic climate change. The project will increase RE-EVALUATION OF TAXONOMIC CONCEPTS our understanding of patterns of morphological IN AUSTRALIAN ORCHIDACEAE BASED ON variation within species complexes and will provide MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC EVIDENCE insights into the role of past climate changes for Team: Katharina Schulte, Claire Micheneau, the diversifcation of these groups. Thus, it will help Agustina Arobaya, Sarah Mannel (CSIRO Summer to improve taxon delimitation and conservation Student), Darren Crayn, Mark Clements (CANBR), Joe management. This project is externally funded by Miller (CANBR), Peter Weston (Botanic Garden Trust, an Australian Biological Resources Study BushBlitz Sydney) grant, the Australian Orchid Foundation, the Eichler Research Fund (Australian Systematic Botany Society), Background: This project aims to rigorously Wet Tropics Management Authority student grant, re-evaluate highly controversial taxonomic concepts Australian Conservation Taxonomy Grant (The Nature in Australian Orchidaceae based on multi-locus Conservancy and the Thomas Foundation) and the molecular phylogenetic evidence. DNA barcodes National Environmental Research Program (NERP). and highly informative nuclear markers are used to reconstruct comprehensive phylogenies, infer Research Outputs: Presentations: Schulte (2013), character evolution and historical biogeography, Schulte and Micheneau (2013a,b), Schulte et al. and develop molecular identifcation tools for (2013a, b, c), Simpson (2013b), Simpson et al. (2013a, conservation and legislative enforcement. This b, c, d, e). Thesis: Simpson (2013a). research is supported by an Australian Biological Resources Study BushBlitz grant, the Skyrail Rainforest 2013 Achievements: Numerous samples were Foundation, the CSIRO student summer student collected during feldwork across Wet Tropics program, a JCU FSE Faculty grant, and the National mountaintops and Cape York Peninsula. In Environmental Research Program (NERP). particular, extensive sampling of the Cooktown Research Outputs: Publications: Jersáková et al. orchid across its range was completed and (2013a), Simo-Droissart et al. (2013a). Presentations: genetic profles obtained for over 120 samples. Arobaya (2013), Arobaya et al. (2013a, b, c, d, e), Studies on the phylogeography of the Edwards et al. (2013), Jersáková et al. (2013b), Dendrobium speciosum complex completed Micheneau et al. (2013a, b, c), Stevart et al. (2013). including a new component modelling the species’ distribution under future climate 2013 Achievements: Field work was scenarios. A publication on this work is in undertaken in diverse locations across the preparation. Australian Wet Tropics and Cape York Peninsula, and in Manokwari, West Papua (Indonesia). Over 2,300 complete orchid DNA barcodes have ORIGINS OF THE WET TROPICS FLORA – been produced and draft phylogenies have A MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE been obtained for several groups, including Team: Darren Crayn, Craig Costion, Andrew Australasian Dendrobium, Australasian Thornhill, various collaborators on specifc clades. Bulbophyllum, and the Calochilus. These have provided detailed insights into the Background: Published molecular phylogenies systematics of these groups and their spatio- exist from many lineages with members in the temporal and morphological evolution. Australian tropical fora. This study aims to gap-fll these phylogenies with missing Australian taxa and Development of a next-generation sequencing use them to generate general explanations about pipeline for large-scale phylogenetic datasets the tempo and direction of evolution of Australia’s continued. Once established, this will allow tropical rainforest fora: which elements of the extant larger datasets to be generated at lower cost. rainforest fora are derived from Gondwanan stock (relictual taxa) that have diferentiated in situ, which are the invasive elements, and where (and when) have they come from?

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 7 Research Outputs: Publications: Bergemann et al. 2013 Achievements: Datasets for 20 published (2013), Largent et al. (2013a, 2013 b). Presentations: studies were re-compiled. Work proceeded on Bransgrove et al. (2013a, 2013b), Crayn et al. (2013a). adding taxa for which data became available Community Talks: Abell-Davis and Bransgrove (2013). after the original studies were published. Datasets for northern Australia, and have been developed, 2013 Achievements: Fifteen feld trips were together containing over 3200 species. conducted to various sites throughout the Analysis of these large datasets will require Wet Tropics and collection of specimens for a supercomputer time. reference collection for the Daintree Rainforest Observatory commenced. Three papers on the Entolomatoid fungi were published in the PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTIONARY journal Mycotaxon. Collaborators continue to DYNAMICS OF ELAEOCARPACEAE add to the ATH Mycoblitz fungi collections. PhD Team: Yumiko Baba, Sook-Ngoh Phoon , Darren student Kaylene Bransgrove’s presentation of Crayn, Katharina Schulte, Maurizio Rossetto work on mountaintop fungi won the Pauline (National Herbarium of NSW), Mark Coode (Kew Ladiges Prize for Best Student Presentation at Gardens, UK). the ‘Systematics Without Borders’ international conference in Sydney in December. Background: Molecular phylogenetic and biogeographic work is clarifying the origins and patterns of diversifcation among lineages within HOST SPECIFICITY OF FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES the Elaeocarpaceae/Tremandraceae complex. Within OF TROPICAL AUSTRALIAN RAINFORESTS the phylogenetic framework, we are analysing Team: Kaylene Bransgrove (PhD student), Sandra population-level genetic and morphological diversity Abell-Davis, Brett Summerell (Royal Botanic Gardens in selected species in order to provide an insight Sydney). into taxon boundaries, comparative evolutionary responses and speciation mechanisms in dry-adapted Background: This project investigates the diversity shrubs and rainforest tree species. This research is and co-evolutionary relationships of fungi that form supported by the Australian Biological Resources mutualistic associations with mountain-top restricted Study, and the Skyrail Rainforest Foundation. plant taxa. The focus of the project is foliar fungal endophytes, the fungi that grow without causing Research Outputs: General Publications symptoms throughout the plant. Fungal endophytes (unrefereed): Phoon (2013a, 2013b). Presentations: are known to contribute to plant, and therefore Niisalo et al. (2013), Phoon and Crayn (2013a, 2013b), forest health, and are being used elsewhere as a Phoon et al. (2013a, 2013b). measure of fungal diversity in forests. This study is the frst to investigate tropical fungal endophytes 2013 Achievements: Compilation and analysis in an Australian context and will specifcally address of a 4-locus molecular dataset has resolved elucidating their biodiversity and host specifcity the relationships of the all of the genera in in the forests of the Wet Tropics. In addition, Elaeocarpaceae, and provided insights into host specifcity will also be investigated using the relationships among over 120 species of infra-specifc taxonomic units of the host, and across Elaeocarpus. Morphological and population a biogeographic barrier (Black Mountain Corridor), genetics work on one of the difcult species both for the frst time internationally. Species of groups – the E. obovatus group – has resolved Elaeocarpus will be used as a model host for this the question of how many species there are and investigation. This research is funded by the National the relationships among them. Similar work on Environmental Research Program (NERP) and the Wet a problematic group of Asian species confrmed the accuracy of the existing taxonomy. Tropics Management Authority (WTMA). PhD student Yumiko Baba submitted her PhD Research Outputs: Presentations: Bransgrove et thesis, and PhD student Sook-Ngoh Phoon won al. (2013a, b). Community Talk: Abell-Davis and ‘Best Poster’ awards at two conferences. Bransgrove (2013).

2013 Achievements: Eleven Elaeocarpus MACROFUNGI OF NORTHEAST QUEENSLAND carolinae populations (40 trees each, and 30 Team: Sandra Abell, Kaylene Bransgrove, David leaves per tree) have been harvested. DNA Largent (Humboldt University, California), Sarah analysis (microsatellite sequencing) was used to Bergemann, Kerri Kluting, Grifn Cummings (MTSU, verify their haplotypes. The results suggest that Tennessee) and various collaborators. further genetic regions will require sequencing to further verify the haplotyping. Fungal Background: Fungi are one of the most diverse endophytes have been isolated from each leaf and species-rich groups of life yet are understudied resulting in more than 3000 fungal cultures. The worldwide, and especially in far north Queensland. cultures represent more than 100 distinct groups This project aims to facilitate and expand mycological (potential species). research and collections within this region. Bransgrove won the Pauline Ladiges Prize for Organisation of the FNQ MycoBlitz in 2009 by the ATH Best Student Presentation at the ‘Systematics coordinated by Sandra Abell-Davis has continued Without Borders conference in Sydney, Dec to encourage both national and international 2013, for her presentation on this work. collaborators to continue their research in the WTWHA. Of particular note are the more than 1000 collections made by Professor Emeritus David Largent during annual feld trips from 2009 through 2012.

8 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM AUSTRALIAN ANIMAL/PLANT CO-EVOLUTION 2013 Achievements: Pilot studies have been Team: Andrew Thornhill, Ashley Field, Sarah conducted and environmental sequence data Mannel, Darren Crayn, Gerry Cassis (UNSW) from soil collected in 2012 is currently being Background: The notion of co-evolutionary analysed. Funding for this project has been ‘arms-races’ between plants (which may evolve secured from Caring for Our Country and the North Queensland Wildlife Trust. defence mechanisms such as toxins) and the animals that consume them (which may evolve means to avoid or evade the defences) has been the subject of much EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS OF research. This project employs molecular phylogenetic BROMELIACEAE analysis to test hypotheses of co-evolution between Team: Georg Zizka (Research Institute Senckenberg insects and their plant hosts at a whole-biota scale and Goethe University Frankfurt), Katharina Schulte, across Australia. We will use phylogenies of two Daniele Silvestro, Daniel Cáceres, Ingo Michalak, Sascha major insect groups (the ‘true’ bugs, and Australian Heller, M. Schmidt, J. Schneider (Research Institute butterfies) and their host plants to reconstruct Senckenberg and Goethe University Frankfurt), evolutionary pathways and look for evidence of Rafael Louzada (Universidade de Sao Paulo), Elton co-evolution between the plants and animals. Leme (Herbarium Bradeanum, Sao Paulo), Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon (Univerdidade Recife), Kurt Weising (University of Kassel), Pierre Ibisch (University 2013 Achievements: Molecular phylogenies of 180 genera of butterfies and 600 genera of Applied Sciences Eberswalde), Marcia Goetze of Australian plants were reconstructed (Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). and preliminary analyses performed. For Background: Bromeliaceae are one of the most Heteroptera (true bugs) a preliminary important epiphyte families of the Neotropics. molecular phylogeny of over 700 genera was Within the family, several lineages underwent rapid reconstructed, the largest phylogeny to date for radiations in diferent regions of Central and South this group. A second analysis will be conducted America (e.g. Bromelioideae: eastern Brazil, Puyoideae: in early 2014 to include missing genera. This Andes), whilst others exhibit only a low diversity today tree will be combined with a subset of the Australian plant genus level phylogeny, based (e.g. Fosterella: Andes). To unravel the factors that on a large bug/plant interaction database that contributed to the evolutionary success of diferent has been compiled by Gerry Cassis. bromeliad lineages, molecular phylogenies are used to reconstruct the evolution of key traits (e.g. tank habit, leaf succulence, fower morphology), changes in DNA BARCODING OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL diversifcation rates, and the historical biogeography HYPOGEOUS FUNGI of the groups and to explore correlations among Team: Sandra Abell-Davis, Susan Nuske (PhD these and with the Cenozoic history of the Neotropics student), Christine Hof (WWF), Ashley Bunce (Qld (climate, geology, vegetation). The project consists EHP), Andy Baker (Qld NPRSR), Leho Tedersoo of several subprojects that are mainly funded by the (University of Tartu, Estonia), Teresa Lebel (Landcare German Research Foundation, the German Academic Auckland, Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne), Michael Exchange Service (DAAD), and the Biodiversity and Castellano (Oregon State University), Kentaro Hosaka Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt. (National Museum of Nature and Science Japan), Research Outputs: Presentations: Cruz et al. (2013), David Largent (Humboldt University). Givnish et al. (2013), Goetze et al. (2013), Heller et al. Background: Hypogeous fungi are an incredibly (2013), Louzada et al. (2013). diverse and polyphyletic group, that have co-evolved with animals (that eat and disperse them) and 2013 Achievements: Work progressed plants (that form ectomycorrhizas). Despite their signifcantly on several related projects, ecological importance they have been relatively resulting in the submission of seven papers understudied in the Australian tropics. This set of on a range of topics including the phylogeny projects aims to generate and use DNA barcodes to and evolution of the family, the diversity and identify and classify Hysterangiales species collected levels of endemism of Costa Rican bromeliads, the intrageneric relationships and evolution from the Australian tropics, and determine how of several genera (Aechmea/Gravisia complex, the community of ectomycorrhizal fungi collected Orthophytum, Portea), chromosome evolution, as hypogeous sporocarps relates to the functional and the efect of key innovations on speciation (root-tips) ectomycorrhizal fungal community within and extinction rates in Bromeliaceae, based on the same habitat. This project will also identify the a novel Bayesian approach. fungi found in the scats of a specialist mycophagous marsupial (Bettongia tropica) and those in the soil Other projects in this Theme led by ATH and plant root-tips to determine the importance of researchers (staf, students and Associates) are the bettong in providing dispersal of fungal spores listed below. Information of these projects is as an ecosystem service. This project is supported by available on the ATH website - www.ath.org.au Caring for our Country in a new collaboration with t #JPEJWFSTJUZPGNPVOUBJOUPQNBDSPGVOHJPGUIF the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), the Environmental Wet Tropics. Heritage Protection (EHP) and the Queensland Parks t #JPMPHZBOEEJWFSTJUZPGUSPQJDBMFOUPNPQBUIPHFOJD and Wildlife Service (QPWS). fungi. Research Outputs: Presentations: Abell-Davis t $PNNVOJUZQIZMPHFOFUJDUVSOPWFSUISPVHIUJNF (2013), Bransgrove et al. (2013b). Community Talks: in a dry rainforest environment. Abell-Davis and Bransgrove (2013). t %BUJOHTQFDJFTCJPNFTIJGUTVTJOHBDPOUJOFOUBM analysis of Acacia and the eucalypts.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 9 Pandanus solmslaubachii, Cairns Botanic Gardens.

THE PUBLIC REFERENCE COLLECTION CONTAINS AN EXPANDING COLLECTION OF NORTH QUEENSLAND NATIVE PLANTS AND WEEDS NOW TOTALLING 3,769 SPECIMENS AND 2,528 TAXA

Immature foxtail palm fruit (Wodyetia bifurcata). 10 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM t %/"#BSDPEJOHPG"VTUSBMJBOUSPQJDBMUSFFT of suitable climates for these species under future t (FOFUJDEJWFSTJUZJOUIF"VTUSBMJBOTBOEBMXPPE climate change scenarios. Santalum lanceolatum. t *EFOUJGZJOHSFGVHJBBOEIPUTQPUTPGQIZMPHFOFUJD 2013 Achievements: We documented 19 diversity in the Wet Tropics fora. species endemic to the uplands above 1000 m t 0VUPGDJUFoSFDPHOJTJOHUIFUSVFJNQBDUPG elevation in the Wet Tropics and determined taxonomic research. their climate niche. Analysis of the fate of those t 1IPUPTZOUIFUJDQBUIXBZTJO#SPNFMJBDFBF CBTFE climate niches under future climate scenarios on carbon isotope ratios of 1870 species. has been completed and a manuscript is in t 1PMMJOBUJPOCJPMPHZ FWPMVUJPOBOETZTUFNBUJDTPG preparation. anagraecoid orchids. t 4QFDJFTDPODFQUTJO"VTUSBMJBOPlatycerium ferns. CREATING A PHYLOGENETIC HEAT MAP OF Systematics and evolution of the epacrids AUSTRALIA’S FLORA: A NEW MEASURE TO (Epacridoideae, Ericaceae). CONSERVE BIODIVERSITY t 4ZTUFNBUJDTPGTecomanthe sp. ‘Roaring Meg’ Team: Andrew Thornhill, Joe Miller (CANBR), Darren (L.J.Brass 20236). Crayn, Craig Costion, Nunzio Knerr (CANBR), Carlos t 4ZTUFNBUJDTPGUIF)VQFS[JPJEMZDPQPET Gonzalez-Orozco (University of Canberra), Shawn t 5IFBOHJPTQFSNQIZMPHFOFUJDIPUTQPUTPGUIFXPSME Lafan (UNSW), Brent Mishler (UC Berkeley). t 7FHFUBUJPOPGUIF.BD"MJTUFS3BOHF OPSUIFBTU Queensland). Background: Australia has 3,500 genera and 25,000 native plant species of which approximately 85% are THEME 2 – THREATS AND IMPACTS endemic. A changing environment and the demand for resources will continue to increase with a growing Impacts of fragmentation, degradation, weeds population and knowing where to protect land will and threatening processes on tropical fora, such become more important. This project aims to advance as exploring genetics and reproductive strategies our knowledge of the genetic spatial distribution of of environmental weeds leading to improved Australia’s fora to improve conservation planning. control strategies, and exploring ecophysiology and quantitative genetics in understanding climate change impacts on the tropical fora. 2013 Achievements: A phylogenetic tree containing 2,300 of the 3,500 Australian THREATENED ENDEMIC PLANTS OF PALAU plant genera was constructed. Spatial data Team: Craig Costion (geographically explicit specimen records) comprising over 3 million records have been Background: The Critical Ecosystem Partnership compiled for the same genera to combine with Fund of Conservation International funded a project the phylogeny. Analysis of these data will take to work on the threatened endemic plants of Palau. place in early 2014 pending the completion of A large scale assessment of the status of endemic the software pipeline. plants was assessed by looking at the archaeological record in Palau for evidence of historic deforestation. In addition to this, fve rare endemic species THEME 3 – PLANTS FOR PEOPLE were inventoried in the feld between 2011-2012 Documenting traditional uses of tropical plant and to estimate their population sizes. This data is fungal resources, and innovative utilisation such as contributing to assessment of their IUCN threatened biodiscovery and bioprospecting, novel crops and status and/or status as valid endemic species. commercialisation. Research Outputs: Publications: Costion et al. (2013). DEVELOPMENT AND DELIVERY OF GERMPLASM FOR SANDALWOOD AND 2013 Achievements: The conservation status WHITEWOOD IN VANUATU AND NORTHERN of the palm Ponapea palauensis was revised AUSTRALIA in the light of a quantitative assessment of its Team: Tony Page population size and the results published. The status of the single island endemic shrub Maesa Background: In Vanuatu we are working in canfeldiae was resolved and shown to be a partnership with the national Forestry Department taxonomic synonym of the more widespread M. to identify the conditions required for successful tetrandra, a species of Least Concern. wild sandalwood (Santalum spp.) and whitewood (Endospermum medullosum) industries based on EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE WET sustainable production in agroforestry systems. TROPICS MOUNTAIN-TOP FLORA Natural populations of sandalwood are currently endangered due to unsustainable whole-tree Team: Craig Costion, Lalita Simpson, Petina Pert extraction. This project is funded by the Australian (CSIRO), Darren Crayn Centre for International Agricultural Research. Background: The mountains of the Wet Tropics and Research Outputs: Publications: Settle et al. (2012). Cape York Peninsula represent cool islands in a sea of warmer (lowland) climates and harbour a very rich 2013 Achievements: Work continued toward biota with high levels of endemism. The plants and replication of sandalwood grafted seed fungi of these mountains are especially vulnerable to orchards for dissemination to planting hot spots global warming as upward species’ range shifts leave around Vanuatu. Whitewood seed was collected them nowhere to go. This study aims to document from natural populations for establishment of a centres of diversity for the endemics above 1,000 gene resource/provenance planting. metres and to model the distribution and extent

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 11 DEVELOPMENT OF A PNG TIMBER INDUSTRY TWO-WAY KNOWLEDGE - BUILDING SYNERGIES BASED ON COMMUNITY-BASED PLANTED BETWEEN INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE AND THE FORESTS: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ATLAS OF LIVING AUSTRALIA’S SCIENCE A NATIONAL GERMPLASM DELIVERY SYSTEM Team: Ilisapeci Lyons and Rosemary Hill (CSIRO), Team: Tony Page, Julio Ugarte Guerra (JCU). Gerry Turpin, Mandingalbay Yidinji People, John LaSalle (Atlas of Living Australia/CSIRO). Background: The production of high quality timber and other forest products from planted Background: A project was brokered between trees and forests represents an important Mandingalbay Yidinji Aboriginal Corporation development opportunity for Papua New Guinea. (Cairns), CSIRO and the TIEC to explore opportunities This project addresses an important constraint to strengthen knowledge partnerships between to the development of such an industry, i.e. the Indigenous knowledge and science with a unavailability of adequate supplies of timber tree Mandingalbay land and sea country focus. This pilot germplasm (seeds or planting stock). The germplasm project will aim to achieve the following objectives: shortage results both from a lack of accessible, good to support Indigenous-driven development of a quality sources and from an absence of mechanisms two-way knowledge system that builds on synergies for delivery from source to end-user. We are working between Indigenous knowledge and the scientifc in three project hubs in the development of a model capability of the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA); approach to germplasm production and delivery, to evaluate the particular benefts and risks for suitable for post-project scaling-up (within-hub) and Indigenous people involved in the pilot of linking scaling-out (to new hubs). Teak (Tectona grandis) has with the ALA, including Indigenous concepts of risks been selected as the focal species, due principally to and benefts; and to contribute to the Mandingalbay its established high commercial value and demand, Yidinji People’s goals for country through a two-way growing local interest in its cultivation, and its information system with the ALA. proven suitability to lowland PNG conditions. Wider application of the approach will be facilitated by 2013 Achievements: An initial meeting took the preparation of a “fexi-media” toolkit. As well as place to present and discuss the project with the documenting the approach, the tool-kit, in DVD form, Mandingalbay Yidinji Aboriginal Corporation. will include print-ready and broadcast-ready training Further meetings will take place in early 2014 to and extension material designed for diferent target negotiate a research agreement. groups. This project is funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. MBABARAM TRADITIONAL PLANT USE RESEARCH 2013 Achievements: Supply and demand Team: Gerry Turpin, Ashley Field, a Mbabaram surveys for agroforestry seedlings were Traditional Owner and Hans Wohlmuth (Southern undertaken and the commercial feasibility of Cross University). smallholder tree nurseries in East New Britain was determined. Work continued toward Background: A pilot project with the Mbabaram establishment of Core Seed Production areas Aboriginal Corporation, NQ, and Southern Cross for Teak and Local Priority Species. Extension University, NSW (SCU), has been brokered by TIEC for materials were developed to contribute to a SCU to research the properties of medicinal plants training ‘toolkit’. of the Mbabaram people. TIEC, with assistance from Mbabaram Traditional Owners, will collect and TROPICAL INDIGENOUS ETHNOBOTANY prepare plant materials used in traditional medicines. CENTRE (TIEC) PARTNERSHIP Background: The TIEC is a partnership between 2013 Achievements: A small number of Traditional Owners (TO), the ATH, JCU’s The Mbabaram medicinal plants were analysed for Cairns Institute, Qld. Govt. DSITIA, CSIRO and biological activity. Extracts of one species showed other government agencies and organisations. a level of inhibition of tumour necrosis factor Development of the TIEC, housed at the ATH, and (TNF) which compares favourably with other research projects undertaken in association with it will known inhibitors, a highly noteworthy result. advance through mutually benefcial partnerships. Projects will research and collate existing MAPOON TRADITIONAL PLANT USE RESEARCH ethnobotanical data, promote and carry out research Team: Gerry Turpin, Mapoon Rangers, Jane in a respectful and culturally appropriate way, and Blackwood (Mapoon Ranger Coordinator). provide awareness, training and education. Background: Research on traditional plant use within The TIEC aims for recognition as the centre for the lands of the Tjungundji, Yupungathi, Warrangku, ethnobotanical research in the Australian tropics, with Taepithiggi, Thanakwith and Mpakwithi clans in a focus on north Queensland. Future activities may the Mapoon region, Western Cape York Peninsula include neighbouring countries. is being conducted with the Mapoon Rangers. The The following four projects were undertaken under outcomes include provision of a knowledge base of the auspices of the TIEC. plant use and vegetation of these areas to inform land management. Team: Gerry Turpin, Rosemary Hill and Ilisapeci Lyons (CSIRO), Eda Addicott, Sarah Warne and Katrina Keith Other projects in this Theme led by ATH (JCU’s The Cairns Institute), Darren Crayn. researchers (staf, students and Associates) are listed below. Information of these projects is available on the ATH website - www.ath.org.au

12 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM THEME 5 – UNLOCKING OUR 2013 Achievements: Plant collections and observations were undertaken across 42 sites. KNOWLEDGE A report documenting the bushtucker and Training and capacity building including developing bush medicinal uses and scientifc names of the more efective ways to deliver Herbarium “products” plants was provided to the community along to the community. with Regional Ecosystem and broad vegetation maps of the area and a reference herbarium RAIN FOREST KEY of the plants. It is recommended that further Team: Frank Zich, Ashley Field, Chris Quinn recording of cultural and ecological information (volunteer), Peter Bostock (DSITIA), Jim Croft (CANBR), should take place with more of the Elders and Siobhan Dufy (CSIRO), Judy West (DSEWPaC). knowledge holders. Background: The “Australian Tropical Rain Forest Plants” t .FEJDJOBMBOE&EJCMF1MBOUTPG(VVHV:JNJUIJSS  (a.k.a. the Rain Forest Key, or RFK) is an interactive Cape Flattery - Hopevale multiple-entry identification and information system. A total t 4JMWJDVMUVSFPGBHBSXPPE Aquilaria spp.) of 138 characters, covering morphology - habit, bark, leaves, , fruits and seedlings - and some geographic and THEME 4 – PLANNING AND ecological information ensure reliability and power of the MANAGEMENT key is high. Illustrated help notes assist with interpretation of characters and plant images help to confirm identification. Planning and management of tropical fora, or The latest version, published in 2010, includes 2,553 biodiversity and ecosystem management. species of trees, shrubs, vines, herbs, parasites, saprophytes, REGIONAL ECOSYSTEM MAPPING palms and pandans of northern Australian rain forests. Further developments a fern module (some 300 spp.) and Team: Eda Addicott, Peter Bannink, Jeanette Kemp, distribution maps for all species. John Neldner (DSITIA), Mark Newton. 2013 Achievements: A test version of the fern Background: As part of the Queensland Herbarium’s module was deployed and tested. The character state-wide Regional Ecosystems (RE) Mapping list and states were revised and updated and program, ATH staf are mapping (at 1:100,000 scale) the coding reviewed ready for entry into LucID Cape York Peninsula (CYP) and Einasleigh Uplands Builder. The image database of taxa now (EIU) bioregions. Mapping and survey is being done in contains 1837 images contributed primarily blocks of 1:250,000 scale map sheets. by Bruce Gray, Ashley Field, Garry and Nada Sankowsky and the Australian Plant Image 2013 Achievements: A seamless RE mapping Index. Character help notes have been written coverage for CYP and an updated RE mapping and help illustrations and a glossary compiled. coverage for EIU were released as part of version Taxon descriptions and other information have 8 of the state wide RE mapping. All vegetation been collated into Fact Sheet Fusion and edited. survey sites for the CYP were fnalised in the CORVEG database. Substantial work was SAVANNA KEY completed towards numerical classifcation of Team: Frank Zich, Eda Addicott, Darren Crayn, Paul vegetation site data from the CORVEG database Williams (volunteer), Ailsa Holland (DSITIA), Kevin for CYP. This is to support expert based Thiele (WA Herbarium), Ian Cowie (NT Herbarium), descriptions of the REs. Work started on the Donna Lewis (NT Herbarium), Jim Croft (CANBR), Peter re-alignment of Wet Tropics bioregion mapping Doherty (Atlas of Living Australia). line work to match updated imagery. Background: The Australian tropical savanna biome covers NUMERICAL CLASSIFICATION OF REGIONAL the top one third of the continent. The region is undergoing ECOSYSTEMS AND PATTERNS OF PLANT rapid change, with pressures from rapidly expanding DIVERSITY DISTRIBUTION agricultural and resources sectors. However the lack of a comprehensive Flora for most of the biome means that Team: Eda Addicott (MPhil candidate), Susan biodiversity surveys and conservation planning are severely Laurance (JCU), John Neldner (DSITIA), Darren Crayn hindered. Currently, plant identification resources for the Background: This project will test whether statistical biome are dispersed, in technical literature and therefore classifcation models of Regional Ecosystems using site difficult to access, and inconsistent in format and taxonomy. data available from the CORVEG database refect the Field guides where available are taxonomically incomplete, subjective RE classifcation. The aim of the project is local in scope, and vary in quality. We aim to produce, over to develop an analysis methodology for classifcation the next 7 years, a comprehensive, authoritative interactive of RE’s across the rest of Queensland using CYP as a identification key to Australian tropical savanna plants that case study. Community measures of diversity and the is free for use over the internet. The product will be similar species diversity measures of taxonomic diversity and to the proven ‘Rainforest Key’, which has enjoyed broad phylogenetic diversity will be used to test whether the stakeholder uptake. Development of a business plan for RE’s refect the foristic diversity of the CYP. This project this project was partly funded by BHP Billiton Cannington is supported by the Queensland Herbarium and JCU Community Fund. student research funds. 2013 Achievements: A draft checklist of savanna vascular plant taxa was compiled, 2013 Achievements: Eda Addicott initiated comprising over 9500 taxa. This checklist this project as the research component of her will undergo expert review in 2014 which is Master of Philosophy studies. expected to reduce the numbers signifcantly (e.g. obligate rainforest taxa will be removed). The business plan for the project was drafted.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 13 Cycas ophiolitica.

PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS TOTAL 18 REFEREED SCIENTIFIC PAPERS, 4 UNREFEREED PUBLICATIONS, 2 THESES, 55 RESEARCH PRESENTATIONS AND 6 COMMUNITY TALKS

Dendrobium speciosum. 14 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM APPENDIX 1 – PUBLICATIONS AND PRESENTATIONS

Publications and presentations by ATH authors in 2013 11. Ohlsen DJ, Field AR. (2013) A new fern species for for scientifc and general audiences are detailed below. Queensland: Diplazium squamuligerum (Rosenst.) These total 18 refereed scientifc papers, 4 unrefereed Parris (Woodsiaceae) Austrobaileya 9(1), 114-125. publications, 2 theses, 55 research presentations (oral 12. Prickett R, Honorio EN, Baba Y, Baden HM, Alvarez and poster) and 6 community talks. CM, Quesada CA. Floristic inventory of a one hectare of palm-dominated creek forest in Jenaro SCIENTIFIC PAPERS Herrera, Peru. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 69(2), 1. Bergemann SE, Largent DL, Abell-Davis SE (2013) 259-280. Entocybe haastii from Watagans National Park, 13. Puente-Lelievre C, Harrington MG, Brown , Australia. Mycotaxon 126, EA, Kuzmina M, Crayn DM (2013) Cenozoic 61-70. extinction and recolonization in the New Zealand 2. Cáceres DAG, Schulte K, Schmidt M, Zizka G fora: the case of the feshy-fruited epacrids (2013) Diversity and levels of endemism of (Styphelieae, Styphelioideae, Ericaceae). Molecular the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica – an updated Phylogenetics and Evolution, 66, 203-214. checklist. Phytokeys 29, 17-62. 14. Settle DJ, Page T, Doran J, Bush D, Sethy M, Viji 3. Cooper WE (2013a) A taxonomic revision of I (2012) Vanuatu Whitewood (Endospermum Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) in Australia, including medulosum): Basic density and diameter, four new species from tropical Queensland. heritability and future breeding objectives. Austrobaileya 9(1), 1-29. International Forestry Review 14, 463-475. 4. Cooper WE (2013b) Cryptocarya cercophylla 15. Simo-Droissart M, Micheneau C, Sonké B, W.E.Cooper (Lauraceae) A new species from Droissart V, Plunkett GM, Lowry II PP, Hardy OJ, Queensland’s Wet Tropics. Austrobaileya 9(1), 75-79. Stévart T. (2013a) Morphometrics and molecular phylogenetics of the continental African species 5. Costion C, Kitalong AH, Perlman S, Edwards WE of Angraecum section Pectinaria (Orchidaceae). (2013) Palau’s rare and threatened palm Ponapea Plant Ecology and Evolution 146: 295-309. palauensis (Arecaceae): Population density, distribution, and threat assessment. Pacifc Science 16. Sotowa M, Ootsuka K, Kobayashi Y, Hao Y, 67(4), 599-607. Tanaka K, Ichitani K, Flowers J, Purugganan M, Nakamura I, Sato Y-I, Sato T, Crayn D, Simon B, 6. Field AR, Bostock PDB (2013) New and existing Waters D, Henry R, Ishikawa R. (2013) Molecular combinations in Palaeotropical Phlegmariurus relationships between Australian annual wild (Lycopodiaceae) and lectotypifcation of the type rice, Oryza meridionalis, and two related perennial species Phlegmariurus phlegmaria (L.) T.Sen & forms. Rice, 6, 26. U.Sen. Phytokeys 20, 33-51. 17. Zizka G, Schneider JV, Schulte K, Novoa P. (2013) 7. Hardy OJ, Born C, Budde K, Daïnou K, Dauby Taxonomic revision of the Chilean Puya species G, Duminil J, Ewédjè E-E BK, Gomez C, (Puyoideae, Bromeliaceae), with special notes Heuertz M, Kof GK, Lowe AJ, Micheneau C, on the Puya alpestris - Puya berteroniana species Ndiade-Bourobou D, Piñeiro R, Poncet V (2013) complex. Brittonia. 1-21. Comparative phylogeography of African rain forest trees: A review of genetic signatures of 18. Wannan BS. (2013) New records for Queensland in vegetation history in the Guineo-Congolian Lindernia All. (Linderniaceae). Austrobaileya 9(1), region. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 345: 284-296. 126-129. 8. Jersáková J, Trávníček P, Kubátová B, Krejčíková J, GENERAL PUBLICATIONS Urfus T, Liu Z-J, Lamb A, Ponert J, Schulte K, Čurn V, Vrána J, Hřibová E, Doležel J, Leitch IJ, Suda J. (UNREFEREED) (2013a) Genome size variation in the subfamily 1. Neldner V, Addicott E, Newton M, Bannink P. Apostasioideae: flling the phylogenetic gap in (2013a) Regional Ecosystem certifed maps of the orchids. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society Einasleigh Uplands bioregion v8, Queensland. 172(1), 95-105. 2. Neldner V, Addicott E, Newton M, Bannink P. 9. Largent DL, Bergemann SE, Kluting KL, Cummings (2013b) Regional Ecosystem certifed maps of the GA, Abell-Davis SE (2013a) Five Leptonia species Cape York bioregion v8, Queensland. from New South Wales and Queensland. Mycotaxon 125, 11-35. 3. Phoon SN (2013a) Elaeocarpus stipularis. Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Online Newsletter, vol. 138/12. 10. Largent DL, Bergemann SE, Kluting KL, Cummings GA, Abell-Davis SE (2013b) Three new species 4. Phoon SN (2013b) Elaeocarpus polystachyus. of Inocephalus with cuboid basidiospores from Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Online Newsletter, vol. central New South Wales and northeastern 135/9. Queensland, Australia. Mycotaxon 123, 301-319.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 15 THESES Systematic Botany Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, Sydney NSW 1. Puente-Lelievre C. (2013) Systematics and [oral]. Winner, Pauline Ladiges prize for best biogeography of the Styphelieae (Epacridoideae, student presentation. Ericaceae). PhD, James Cook University (supervisors Crayn D, Gadek P, Harrington M, 10. Bransgrove K, Abell-Davis S, Crayn D, Summerell Brown EA) B. (2013b) Biodiversity and host specifcity of the fungal endophytes of the wet tropics of north-east 2. Simpson L. (2013a) Resolving species limits in Queensland, Australia. 9th International Flora the contentious Dendrobium speciosum complex. Malesiana symposium, Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. BSc Hons. (result: Class 1), James Cook University (supervisors Schulte K, Crayn D, Gadek P) 11. Costion C, Edwards W, Ford A, Metcalfe D, Cross H, Harrington M, Richardson JE, Lowe A, Crayn RESEARCH PRESENTATIONS D. (2013) Layers in the landscape: The SE Asian fora in NE Queensland. South East Asian Gateway 1. Abell-Davis S (2013) Sporocarp size/abundance Evolution (SAGE) 2013, Berlin, Germany [oral]. dispersal strategies of hypogeous fungi. Asian Mycological Congress. China National Convention 12. Crayn DM, Costion C, Bransgrove K, Abell-Davis Centre, Beijing (China) [oral]. S, Simpson L, Schulte K, Metcalfe D, Rossetto M, Lowe A, Williams S. (2013a) What is at risk? 2. Addicott E (2013) Vegetation Communities of Identifying rainforest refugia and hotspots of Cape York Peninsula: Evaluating the Regional plant genetic diversity in the Wet Tropics and Ecosystem Framework of Queensland. Masters Cape York Peninsula. National Environmental Candidature confrmation seminar [oral]. Research Program (NERP) Tropical Ecosystems Hub Conference, Cairns [oral]. 3. Arobaya, A (2013) Phylogeny and evolution of the antelope orchids (Dendrobium sect. Spatulata, 13. Crayn D, Costion C, Harrington M, Thornhill A. Orchidaceae). PhD confrmation seminar, JCU, (2013b) Historical dynamics of the Sahul-Sunda Cairns [oral]. foristic exchange and the impact on northern Australian biodiversity. Systematics Without 4. Arobaya A, Field A, Micheneau C, Crayn D, Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany Society Clements M, Gadek P, Schulte K (2013a) and the Society of Australasian Systematic Phylogeny and evolution of the antelope orchids: Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. a molecular test of controversial taxonomic concepts. Systematics Without Borders, 14. Crayn DM, Costion C, Harrington M. (2013c) The Australasian Systematic Botany Society and the Sahul-Sunda foristic exchange: dated molecular Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, phylogenies document post-Miocene interconti- Sydney [poster]. nental dispersal. 9th International Flora Malesiana symposium, Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. 5. Arobaya AYS, Field AR, Crayn DM, Clements M, Gadek P, Schulte K. (2013b) Phylogeny and 15. Crayn D, Harrington M, Costion C. (2013d) Who evolution of the antelope orchids: molecular wins when north and south collide? The historical studies to test controversial taxonomic concepts. dynamics of intercontinental foristic exchange 9th International Flora Malesiana symposium, across Wallacea. South East Asian Gateway Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. Evolution (SAGE) 2013, Berlin, Germany [oral]. 6. Arobaya AYS, Field AR, Micheneau C, Crayn 16. Crayn D, Harrington M, Costion C. (2013e) Who D, Clements M, Gadek P, Schulte K. (2013c) wins when north and south collide? The historical Phylogeny of Dendrobium sect. Spatulata dynamics of intercontinental foristic exchange based on plastid and nuclear data sheds light across Wallacea. Southern Connections 2013 on the evolution of the Antelope orchids. 5th Conference, Dunedin, New Zealand [oral]. International Orchid Conservation Congress, La Réunion [poster]. 17. Cruz GAS, Leme EMC, Silvestro D, Zizka G, Schulte K, Benko-Iseppon AM. (2013) Molecular 7. Arobaya AYS, Field A, Micheneau C, Crayn phylogeny and character evolution of the genus D, Clements M, Gadek P, Schulte K. (2013d) Cryptanthus Otto & A. Dietr. (Bromeliaceae). Phylogeny and evolution of the Antelope orchids: Monocots V - 5th International conference on a molecular test of controversial taxonomic comparative biology of , New concepts. School of Marine and Tropical Biology York (USA) [poster]. postgraduate conference, JCU, Townsville [oral]. 18. Edwards M, Stévart T, Geerinck D, Simo M, 8. Arobaya AYS, Field A, Micheneau C, Crayn Droissart V, Micheneau C, Plunkett GM. (2013) D, Clements M, Gadek P, Schulte K. (2013e) Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Phylogeny and evolution of the Antelope orchids: Ancistrorhynchus (Orchidaceae), an Angraecoid a molecular test of controversial taxonomic genus from continental Africa. Botany 2013, New concepts. Bushblitz Symposium – Adding to Orleans, Louisiana (USA) [oral]. Australia’s biodiversity picture, Canberra, Australia [poster]. 19. Field AR, Mannel S, Crayn DM, Thornhill A. (2013) Australian butterfy and host plant co-evolution: A 9. Bransgrove K, Abell-Davis S, Crayn D, Summerell whole-biota phylogenetic perspective. Systematics B. (2013a) Mountain-top fungal endophytes Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany of the wet tropics, Queensland: biodiversity, Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic host specifcity, biogeography and systematics. Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. Systematics Without Borders, Australasian

16 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM 20. Field AR. (2013a) Australian tropical rainforest evolution of major lineages. Systematics Without plants: new fern and lycopod module. Systematics Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany Society Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany and the Society of Australasian Systematic Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. Biologists, Sydney NSW [poster]. 30. Niisalo MA, Pennington RT, Richardson JE, 21. Givnish TJ, Barfuss MHJ, Van Ee B, Riina R, Pennington TD, Crayn DM, Baba Y, Phoon Schulte K, Horres R, Gonsiska PA, Jabaily RS, SN, Rousteau A. (2013) When the fossils and Crayn DM, Smith JAC, Winter K, Brown GK, Evans molecular phylogeny do not meet – complex TM, Holst BK, Luther H, Till W, Zizka G, Berry PE, biogeography of the amphipacifc tree genus Sytsma KJ. (2013) Adaptive radiation, historical Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae). 9th International Flora biogeography, correlated and contingent Malesiana symposium, Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. evolution, and net rates of diversifcation in 31. Phoon SN, Crayn D. (2013a) How many taxa in Bromeliaceae. Monocots V - 5th International the West Malesian Elaeocarpus polystachyus conference on comparative biology of group? Evidence from morphometric analysis. Monocotyledons, New York (USA) [oral]. Systematics Without Borders, Australasian 22. Goetze M. (2013) Disentagling phylogenetic Systematic Botany Society and the Society of relationships in Brazilian bromeliads (Aechmea Australasian Systematic Biologists, Sydney NSW subgen. Ortgiesia): evolutionary and taxonomic [poster]. Winner, Best ASBS Student Poster. implications. ATH Science Circle [oral]. 32. Phoon SN, Crayn D. (2013b) How many taxa in the 23. Heller S, Paule J, Leme E, Michalak I, Silvestro D, West Malesian Elaeocarpus polystachyus group? Kanz B, Steinbeisser G, Schulte K, Benko-Iseppon Evidence from morphometric analysis. School AM, Forzza R, Zizka G. (2013) Systematics, of Marine and Tropical Biology Postgraduate evolution and biogeography of Bromelioideae Conference 2013, James Cook University, (Bromeliaceae) - New results. Monocots V - 5th Townsville [poster]. Winner, Best Poster. International conference on comparative biology 33. Phoon SN, Baba Y, Crayn D. (2013a) Phylogenetics of Monocotyledons, New York (USA) [oral]. of the rainforest tree genus Elaeocarpus 24. Jersáková J, Trávníček P, Kubátová B, Krejčíková J, (Elaeocarpaceae): insights from four-locus Urfus T, Li, Z-J, Lamb A, Ponert J, Schulte K, Čurn molecular sequences. Systematics Without V, Vrána J, Leitch IJ, Suda J. (2013b) Genome size Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany Society variation in the subfamily Apostasioideae: flling and the Society of Australasian Systematic the phylogenetic gap in orchids. Orchids 2012 Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. – IV Scientifc conference on Andean orchids. 34. Phoon SN, Baba Y, Crayn DM. (2013b) Phylogeny Guayaquil, Ecuador [poster]. of Elaeocarpus (Elaeocarpaceae): insights from 25. Louzada RB, Schulte K, Wanderley MG, four-locus molecular sequences. 9th International Silvestro D, Zizka G, Barfuss MHJ, Palma-Silva C. Flora Malesiana symposium, Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. (2013) Molecular phylogeny of Orthophytum 35. Piñeiro R, Dauby G, Micheneau C, Kaymak E, Hardy (Bromeliaceae) elucidates infrageneric OJ. (2013) Comparative phylogeography of two relationships and demonstrates the taxonomic shade-tolerant and a light-demanding African signifcance of the inforescence type. Monocots rainforest trees. International Biogeography V - 5th International conference on comparative Society – 6th Biennial Meeting, Miami, Florida biology of Monocotyledons, New York (USA) [oral]. (USA) [oral]. 26. Micheneau C, Clements M, Simpson L, Weston 36. Schulte K. (2013) Why develop a genetic reference P, Crayn DM, Schulte K. (2013a) Systematics library for Australasian Orchidaceae? My research and evolution of taxonomically challenging in 3 minutes presentation. ATFI Scholarly Event, groups: what can molecular data tell us? A case JCU Cairns [oral]. study from the Dendrobium alliance in Australia (Orchidaceae). Bushblitz Symposium – Adding 37. Schulte K, Micheneau C. (2013a) Rapid species to Australia’s biodiversity picture, Canberra identifcation and discovery in the age of (Australia) [poster]. next generation sequencing – opportunities and challenges. Systematics Without Borders, 27. Micheneau C, Simpson L, Weston PH, Crayn DM, Australasian Systematic Botany Society and the Clements MA, Schulte K. (2013b) Phylogeny Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, and evolution of Australasian Dendrobiums Sydney NSW [oral]. (Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae). 5th International Orchid Conservation Congress, La Réunion 38. Schulte K, Micheneau C. (2013b) Rapid species (France) [oral]. identifcation and discovery in the age of next generation sequencing – opportunities and 28. Micheneau C, Schulte K, Field A, Crayn D, challenges. Bushblitz Symposium – Adding Kocyan A, Clements M. (2013c) Phylogenetics of to Australia’s biodiversity picture, Canberra Australasian Aeridinae (Vandeae, Orchidaceae). (Australia) [oral]. Monocots V - 5th International conference on comparative biology of Monocotyledons, New 39. Schulte K, Micheneau C, Simpson L, Crayn York (USA) [oral]. DM, Clements MA. (2013a) How to cope with megadiverse groups? An integrative approach 29. Miller J, Thornhill A, Gonzalez-Orozco C, Knerr towards reconciling taxonomic concepts in N, Lafan S, Mishler B, Bui E. (2013) Acacia Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). BioSyst.Eu 2013 biogeography: Phytoregionalizations and Global Systematics, Vienna (Austria) [oral].

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 17 Drosera sp. Droseraceae.

18 VOLUNTEERS CONTRIBUTED A TOTAL OF 1,681 HOURS, WITH 1659 SPECIMENS MOUNTED AND CONTRIBUTIONS IN THE LABORATORY (118 HOURS) AND HERBARIUM (783 HOURS)

Crinoline stinkhorn (Phallus indusiatus). 18 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM 40. Schulte K, Micheneau C, Simpson L, Weston PH, into developing a natural generic taxonomy of Crayn DM, Clements MA. (2013b) The Dendrobium the Continental African angraecoid orchids. 5th alliance revisited: A molecular phylogenetic International Orchid Conservation Congress, La approach towards reconciling taxonomic Réunion (France) [poster]. concepts in Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). 50. Thornhill A. (2013) Detecting the age of biomes Monocots V - 5th International conference on using the species of eucalypts (Myrtaceae and comparative biology of Monocotyledons, New Acacia (Fabaceae) and dated phylogenies. York (USA) [oral]. Systematics Without Borders, Australasian Systematic 41. Schulte K, Micheneau C, Simpson L, Weston PH, Botany Society and the Society of Australasian Crayn DM, Clements MA. (2013c) The Dendrobium Systematic Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. alliance revisited: A molecular phylogenetic 51. Wanma JF, Manusaway J, Manusaway H, Gunawan approach towards reconciling taxonomic concepts E, Arobaya AYS. (2013) Phylogeography and in Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae). Systematics systematic of the timber wood of Pometia Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany endemic to biodiversity hotspot of the tropical Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic lowland rainforests of West Papua. Systematics Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany 42. Simo-Droissart M, Micheneau C, Sonké B, Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic Droissart V, Plunkett G, Lowry II PP, Hardy OJ, Biologists, Sydney NSW [poster]. Stévart T. (2013b) Morphométrie et phylogénie 52. Wilson GW, Venter F. (2013) Studies of Nepenthes des Angraecum section Pectinaria (Orchidaceae) in Austro-Papua . 9th Flora Malesiana Symposium, en Afrique continentale. Symposium Paul Bogor, Indonesia [oral]. Duvigneaud, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles (Belgium) [poster]. 53. Wilson GW. (2013a) Carnivorous plants, crocodiles and travels of an errant botanist. ATFI Scholarly 43. Simpson L. (2013b) What is at risk? Event, Cairns [oral]. Phylogeography and taxonomy of orchids endemic to Queensland’s mountain top 54. Yeates DK, Davies KA, Lewis ML, Giblin-Davis biodiversity hotspots. PhD confrmation seminar, RM, Purcell M, Taylor GS, Thornhill A, Schefer SJ. JCU, Cairns [oral]. (2013) Diversifcation, coevolution and host plant evolution in Fergusonina galling fies feeding 44. Simpson L, Clements M, Crayn D, Schulte K. on Myrtaceae. Systematics Without Borders, (2013a) Australia’s King Orchid - one species Australasian Systematic Botany Society and the or many? A molecular approach to resolving Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, taxonomic limits within the Dendrobium Sydney NSW [oral]. speciosum complex (Orchidaceae). Bushblitz Symposium – Adding to Australia’s biodiversity 55. Zich F, Addicott E, Cowie I, Crayn D, Croft J, picture, Canberra, Australia [poster]. Doherty P, Holland A, Thiele K. (2013) Australian Savanna Plant Identifcation System: a 45. Simpson L, Clements M, Crayn D, Schulte K. collaborative initiative toward an interactive (2013b) What is at risk? Phylogeography and identifcation and information system for all taxonomy of orchids endemic to Queensland’s Australian savanna plants [poster]. Systematics mountain top biodiversity hotspots. Systematics Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany Without Borders, Australasian Systematic Botany Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic Society and the Society of Australasian Systematic Biologists, Sydney NSW [poster]. Biologists, Sydney NSW [oral]. 46. Simpson L, Clements M, Crayn D, Schulte COMMUNITY TALKS K. (2013c) Disentangeling the Dendrobium speciosum complex: A phylogeographic approach 1. Abell-Davis SE, Bransgrove K. (2013) Fungi at to resolving taxonomic limits within Australia’s Flecker – an introduction to the world of fungi, King Orchid. 5th International Orchid Conservation Friends of the Botanic Gardens, Cairns QLD. Congress, La Réunion (France) [poster]. 2. Addicott E. (2013) Vegetation Communities of 47. Simpson L, Clements M, Crayn D, Schulte K. (2013d) Cape York Peninsula: Evaluating the Regional Australia’s King Orchid - one species or many? A Ecosystem Framework of Queensland. QLD phylogeographic approach to resolving taxonomic Government seminar series, Mareeba QLD. limits within the Dendrobium speciosum complex 3. Field AR. (2013b) The natural history of orchids (Orchidaceae). BioSyst.EU Global Systematics native to the Cairns Region. Cairns Orchid Society Conference, Vienna (Austria) [poster]. Annual Conference May 6th 2013. 48. Simpson L, Clements M, Crayn D, Schulte 4. Field AR. (2013c) Tall facts on small trees – K. (2013e) Disentangeling the Dendrobium Growing bonsai trees in Australia, Friends of the speciosum complex: A phylogeographic approach Botanic Gardens, Cairns QLD. to resolving taxonomic limits within Australia’s King Orchid. Monocots V. 5th - International 5. Wilson GW. (2013b) Vegetation Survey and conference on comparative biology of Mapping in Queensland. Teh Tarik Seminar, Monocotyledons, New York (USA) [poster]. Science Faculty, Monash University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur. 49. Stévart T, Micheneau C, Simo-Droissart M, Droissart V, Lowry II PP, Verlynde S, Geerinck D, 6. Wilson GW. (2013c) Carnivorous plants, crocodiles Descouvières P, Sonké B, Hardy O, Edwards M, and travels in the Asia-Pacifc. Friends of the Carlsward B, Plunkett G. (2013) New insights Botanic Gardens, Cairns.

DIRECTOR’S SUMMARY 2013 19 APPENDIX 2 - PARTICIPANTS IN ACTIVITIES, 2013

ATH Volunteers (l-r): Janani Jayanthan, Garry Sankowsky, Mary Gandini, Nada ATH PhD students: Lalita Simpson, Kaylene Bransgrove, Yumiko Baba, Agustina Sankowsky, Murray Borrell, Nanette Fairbairn, Charles Clarke, Chris Quinn. Arobaya, Sook-Ngoh Phoon, Caroline Puente-Lelievre. Photo: Andrea Lim. Photo: Andrea Lim.

STAFF Ms Arlene Lopez-Sampson (JCU) Ms Susan Nuske (JCU) Dr Sandra Abell-Davis (JCU1) Ms Claudia Paz (JCU) Ms Eda Addicott (DSITIA) Ms Sook-Ngoh Phoon (JCU) Ms Yumiko Baba (JCU) Ms Lalita Simpson (JCU) Mr Peter Bannink (DSITIA) Mr Hanington Tate (JCU) Ms Kaylene Bransgrove (JCU2) Ms Dannielle Tela (JCU) Dr Craig Costion (external grant) Mr Julio Ugarte Guerra (JCU) Prof Darren Crayn (CSIRO/JCU/DSITIA) Mr Gary Wilson (JCU) Dr Ashley Field (DSITIA) 1 Prof Paul Gadek (JCU ) VOLUNTEERS Ms Melissa Harrison (JCU2) Eighteen volunteers contributed a total of 1,681 hours Ms Janani Jayanathan (external grant) to ATH activities. The work undertaken was mostly Ms Jeanette Kemp (DSITIA) mounting herbarium specimens (606 hours, 1659 Ms Raelee Kerrigan (external grant) specimens mounted), and individuals with specialist Ms Andrea Lim (DSITIA) skills made very signifcant contributions in the laboratory (118 hours), Herbarium (783 hours) Ms Sarah Mannel (external grant) and feld. Dr Claire Micheneau (external grant) Mr Murray Borrell Mr Mark Newton (DSITIA) Ms Anna Cole Dr Tony Page (JCU1) Dr Charles Clarke Dr Katharina Schulte (CSIRO/JCU) Mrs Nanette Fairbairn Dr Andrew Thornhill (CSIRO/JCU) Mr Roger Fryer Mr David Tng (external grant) Mrs Mary Gandini Mr Gerry Turpin (DSITIA) Ms Kayza Grenfell Mr Stuart Worboys (JCU/external grant) Ms Kim Hood Mr Frank Zich (CSIRO) Ms Janani Jayanthan 1 together contribute 1FTE research position Ms Raelee Kerrigan 2 together contribute 1FTE Laboratory Manager position Ms Sarah Mannel RESEARCH STUDENTS Ms Sandy Perkins Dr Chris Quinn Ms Eda Addicott (JCU) Ms Vivien Richardson Ms Agustina Arobaya (JCU) Mr Garry Sankowsky Mr Habat Asad (JCU) Mrs Nada Sankowsky Ms Yumiko Baba (JCU) Mr David Tng Ms Kaylene Bransgrove (JCU) Ms Heather Winsor Ms Janet Gagul (JCU) Ms Marcia Goetze (Universidade Federal de Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) Ms Margaret Heslewood (University of Adelaide) Mr Anton Lata (JCU)

20 AUSTRALIAN TROPICAL HERBARIUM

Contact us Australian Tropical Herbarium Sir Robert Norman (E2) Building James Cook University Cairns Campus McGregor Road Smithfeld QLD 4878 Australia or Australian Tropical Herbarium Sir Robert Norman (E2) Building James Cook University Cairns Campus PO Box 6811, Cairns QLD 4870 Australia Telephone: 07 4232 1837 (Int’l +617 4232 1837) Facsimile: 07 4232 1842 (Int’l +617 4232 1842) Email: [email protected] Web: www.ath.org.au © CSIRO, The State of Queensland, and James Cook University, 2013