Atlantic Canada Edition the Asia Factor in Atlantic Canada Table of Contents

Atlantic Canada Edition The Asia Factor in Atlantic Canada Table of Contents

The Asia Factor in Atlantic Canada’s objective is to assist the region in better responding to Asia’s rising global economic importance by CONTENTS

providing critical information on the opportunities and challenges Asia Matters for Atlantic Canada...... 4 for Atlantic Canadian business and trade with Asia. Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Exports to Asia...... 6 New Brunswick - Merchandise Exports to Asia...... 8 The project represents the Atlantic side of The Asia Factor, a Nova Scotia - Merchandise Exports to Asia...... 9 nationwide project launched by the Asia Pacific Foundation of Prince Edward Island - Merchandise Exports to Asia...... 10 Canada. The Asia Factor is a multi-year initiative that examines Newfoundland and Labrador - Merchandise Exports to Asia...... 11 Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Imports from Asia...... 12 the interaction of each province and territory with Asia, providing Asian Tourists in Atlantic Canada...... 14 a comprehensive resource of information and analysis on Canada- Asian Immigration to Atlantic Canada...... 16 Asia relations at the provincial level. Asian Languages Spoken in Atlantic Canada...... 18 Asian Foreign Students in Atlantic Canada...... 20 For additional statistics and information on Atlantic Canada-Asia Staff and Our Partner...... 22 relations, visit www.TheAsiaFactor.ca

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Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/ Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Asia Matters for Atlantic Canada of the world’s of the world’s GDP growth for Asia population resides GDP is currently is forecast for 2015 60% in Asia 37% produced in Asia 5.5% Asia is well on its way to becoming the main engine of global growth. Asia’s share of global GDP is already higher than Europe’s or North America’s and is projected to reach 40% by 2018. Share of World GDP 1 Global Imports As Asia grows, per capita income and living standards will rise 40% 40% significantly, giving rise to an expanding middle class. The World Bank 30% 30% expects that economic growth in China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam and other Asian countries will result in Asia’s share of the world’s middle 20% 20% class jumping from 28% to 66% by 2030, while in North America and 10% 10% Europe it will shrink from 54% to 21%. 0% 0% This global shift is particularly important for the Atlantic Canada region as most of its history has been shaped by its connections to the United States and Europe. On the economic front, for example, just 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 before the 2008 financial crisis, the Atlantic Canada region exported less than 5% of its products to Asia. The region’s exports to Asia Asia Africa & The Middle East North America Western Europe Eastern Europe Latin America more than doubled between 2007 and 2009 to reach $2.2 billion, while exports to the U.S. and Europe both declined by close to 25%. The region has taken advantage of Asia’s growth but it still remains heavily focused on the U.S. market. Global Middle Class Asia is rapidly becoming the biggest market in the world, and there are remarkable opportunities for Atlantic Canadian companies in virtually every industry. For example, Atlantic Canada exports of fish 8% 18% 7% 7% and crustaceans to China have increased by more than 4,500% since 14% 2000 and there is still room for growth. In 2013, China consumed one- 28% quarter of the world’s seafood - as per capita income and consumption 6% increases, China’s appetite for quality seafood products is expected to 2009 2030 grow accordingly.

66% More than ever before, Asia matters for Atlantic Canada. 10% 36%

Asia Africa & The Middle East North America Europe Latin America

4 5 Source: Brookings Institution, The World Bank, International Money Fund Note 1: Figure is in purchasing power parity (PPP) Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Exports to Asia of Atlantic Canada’s of Atlantic Canada’s of Atlantic Canada’s exports to Asia are exports went to Asia exports to Asia went to 7.6% 80% five countries in 2014 56.1% metals and minerals Atlantic Canada exported $32.5 billion worth of goods worldwide in 2014. $2.45 billion went to Asia, third behind Europe ($5.1 billion) and the United States ($23.3 billion). Metals and minerals and agri-food products make up most of Atlantic Canada’s exports to Asia, totalling Exports to Asia ($CAD, Thousands) 81.4% of the region’s exports to Asia. Wood, pulp and paper products make up a further 13.6%, leaving 5% for all other product categories. China remains Atlantic Canada’s most 2014 important trading partner in Asia, receiving 40% of the region’s Asia-bound exports. Japan, 2004 $1,141,555 India, Indonesia and South Korea round out the rest of the top 5 export destinations in Asia. Among the Atlantic Provinces, Newfoundland and Labrador is the largest exporter to Asia, followed by Nova Scotia.

$506,740 Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Exports to Asia, 2014 13.6% WOOD, PULP & PAPER 94.0% Chemical Woodpulp $161,714 25.3% AGRI-FOOD $23,557 PRODUCTS 2.9% Newsprint Newfoundland & Labrador 22.7% Frozen Crabs 3.1% Other Prince Edward Island 12.0% Cold-Water Shrimps & Prawns $720,985 5.0% OTHER 10.8% Lobsters, Not Frozen $423,092 6.8% Frozen Potatoes 56.1% METALS & $376,801 $315,835 5.1% Clams, Cockles MINERALS & Ark Shells 90.7% Iron Ores & 4.6% Frozen Lobsters Concentrates, Other than 3.7% Fruits & Edible Nuts Roasted Iron Pyrites Nova Scotia New Brunswick 34.3% Other 3.3% Copper Ores & Concentrates 6.0% Other Atlantic Canada - Destinations of Exports United States Atlantic Canada - Main Export Partners in Asia, 2014 90%

China Japan India Indonesia S. Korea Vietnam Taiwan Hong Kong Other 80% Europe 980M 395M 225M 202M 158M 96M 90M 87M 215M 70% 40% 16.1% 9.2% 8.3% 6.4% 3.9% 3.7% 3.6% 8.8% 60% Asia ~ 30% % of Exports Latin America 20% $CAD 10% Africa and Middle East 0% 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 6 7 Source: Industry Canada Note: Figures are based on domestic exports, all numbers are for 2014. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada New Brunswick - Merchandise Exports to Asia Nova Scotia - Merchandise Exports to Asia

New Brunswick - Merchandise Exports to Asia, 2014 Nova Scotia - Merchandise Exports to Asia, 2014

1.8% MECH, MACHINERY & APPLIANCES 41.5% Machines & Mechanical Appliances (with 3.7% MECH, MACHINERY individual functions) & APPLIANCES 3.5% OTHER 8.1% METALS & MINERALS 23.7% Printing Machines (net- 34.0% Air Conditioning work connectable) Machines 64.5% 33.9% Copper Waste 15.1% Boring or Sinking WOOD, PULP 33.0% Parts of Jacks & Hoists AND PAPER & Scrap Machinery 33.0% Other 19.6% Other 98.9% Chemical Woodpulp 32.7% Ferrous Waste & Scrap 1.1% Other 13.6% Aluminum Waste 3.5% OTHER 2.9% ENERGY PRODUCTS 19.8% Other 25.4% AGRI-FOOD 99.9% Peat PRODUCTS 50.7% AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTS 0.1% Other 37.8% Frozen Crabs 34.0% WOOD, PULP 19.9% Frozen Potatoes & PAPER 39.1% Lobsters, Not Frozen 1.2% METALS & 18.2% Lobsters: 16.6% Frozen Crabs MINERALS 88.1% Chemical Woodpulp Frozen & Not 10.6% Cold-Water Shrimps 4.9% Newsprint, in Rolls or 65.9% Lead - Unrefined & Prawns 10.3% Other Fish: Livers & Sheets 34.1% Other Roes Frozen Fish 7% Other 8.1% 13.8% Other 5.8% Fruits & Edible Nuts 19.8% Other

New Brunswick - Main Export Partners in Asia, 2014 Nova Scotia - Main Export Partners in Asia, 2014

India China Japan Indonesia Thailand Australia Hong Kong Vietnam Other China Indonesia Japan S. Korea Hong Kong India Vietnam Australia Other 97M 86M 74M 63M 48M 13M 9M 7M 25M 277M 107M 80M 58M 46M 43M 29M 19M 61M 23% 20.4% 17.5% 14.9% 11.4% 3.1% 2.1% 1.7% 6.0% 38.5% 14.9% 11.1% 8.1% 6.4% 6.0% 4.0% 2.6% 8.5% $CAD $CAD

8 9 Source: Industry Canada Note: Figures are based on domestic exports, all numbers are for 2014. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Prince Edward Island - Merchandise Exports to Asia Newfoundland and Labrador - Merchandise Exports to Asia

Prince Edward Island - Merchandise Exports to Asia, 2014 Newfoundland and Labrador - Merchandise Exports to Asia, 2014

0.2% OTHER 1.0% ENERGY PRODUCTS 2.0% OTHER 1.0% MECH, MACHINERY & APPLIANCES 100% Peat WOOD, PULP AGRI-FOOD 0.5% 50.0% 61% Ejector Pumps & Other & PAPER PRODUCTS Pumps 1.0% CHEMICALS 99.9% Newsprint, in 18.9% Frozen Lobsters 39% Other & PLASTICS rolls or sheets 23.3% Frozen Potatoes 56.3% Composite 0.1% Other Diagnostic or 21.5% Fresh or 27.9% AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTS Laboratory Reagents Chilled Potatoes 43.7% Other 36.3% Other 41.0% Frozen Crabs 17.3% Frozen Flatfish 70.7% METALS & MINERALS 22.6% MECH, MACHINERY 23.4% ELECTRICAL MACHINERY 14.2% Cold-Water & APPLIANCES & EQUIPMENT Shrimps & Prawns 89.5% Iron Ores & Concentrates, Other Than Roasted 13.3% Parts of Turbo Jets 76.3% Electric Static 12.5% Clams, Cockles & Ark Shells Iron Pyrites 37.5% Turbo Propellers Converters 18.1% Lead-acid 15% Other 9.9% Copper Ores 49.2% Other Accumulators & Concentrates 5.6% Other 0.6% Other

Prince Edward Island - Main Export Partners in Asia, 2014 Newfoundland and Labrador - Main Export Partners in Asia, 2014

S. Korea Australia Japan Indonesia China Papua SingaporeHong Kong Other China Japan India Taiwan S. Korea Vietnam Hong Kong Indonesia Other 38M 29M 24M 14M 10M New 5M 4M 18M 607M 217M 84M 66M 56M 54M 26M 18M 14M 25.3% 19.3% 16% 9.3% 6.7% Guinea 3.3% 2.7% 12% 53.2% 19% 7.4% 5.8% 4.9% 4.7% 2.3% 1.6% 1.2% 8M 5.3% $CAD $CAD

10 11 Source: Industry Canada Note: Figures are based on domestic exports, all numbers are for 2014. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Imports from Asia of Atlantic Canada’s of Atlantic Growth of imports imports from Asia come Canada’s imports from Asia to Atlantic 4.9% 41% 56.6% from China, Indonesia Atlantic Canada’s imports from Asia show a fairly even distribution between diverse industries come from Asia Canada since 2004 and South Korea including chemicals and plastics, textiles and leather, machinery, agri-food products and metals and minerals. China continues to be the region’s largest import partner in Asia, accounting for 34.7% of its imports from Asia. In 2014, however, the region witnessed an increase in Imports from Asia ($CAD, Thousands) the diversification of imports from Asia with other countries improving their ability to access Imports by province of clearance Atlantic Canadian markets. 2004 2014 $301,477 Atlantic Canada - Merchandise Imports From Asia, 2014

10.0% MECH, MACHINERY $103,283 13.1% METAL & MINERALS & APPLIANCES $1,147 $2,357 14.6% Mechanical Shovels 39.1% Nickel & Excavators 60.9% Other Prince Edward Island Newfoundland & Labrador 8.3% Air Conditioners & Parts 77.1% Other 20.4% OTHER $795,811 14.8% AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTS 17.9% CHEMICALS & PLASTICS 10.7% Fish, other than Pollack 61.8% Natural Rubber 19.4% Shrimp & Prawns $446,881 10.0% New Pneumatic Rubber $316,464 12.0% Fish Meat, Frozen Tires for Motor Cars 57.9% Other 28.2% Other

$115,867 13.1% OTHER 10.7% TEXTILES & LEATHER TRANSPORT EQUIP. 9% Cotton Trousers, 53.7% Cargo Vessels Overalls and Shorts Ferry Boats, Excursion 26.7% 7.7% Knotted Netting of Nova Scotia New Brunswick & Cruise ships Twine & Rope 15.0% Tankers 83.3% Other 4.6% Other

Atlantic Canada - Main Import Partners in Asia, 2014 Atlantic Canada - Origins of Imports Asia 60% China Indonesia S. Korea Japan Singapore India Thailand Bangladesh Other 50% 423M 138M 128M 98M 93M 82M 79M 46M 131M United States 34.7% 11.3% 10.5% 8.0% 7.6% 6.7% 6.5% 3.8% 10.8% 40% Africa and Middle East 30%

20%

% of Imports Europe

$CAD 10% 0% Latin America 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 12 13 Source: Industry Canada Note: Figures are based on total imports, all numbers are for 2014. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Asian Tourists in Atlantic Canada of Asian tourists to the of Asian tourists to region came from China, of Asian tourists 30% the region came from 11% compared to national 88% to PEI came from Australia proportion of 30% Japan Asia will be fuelling the global travel industry for decades to come and outbound travel from China is on the rise. While China is the main source of Asian tourists in Canada, Australia and Japan are the two main sources of Asian tourists in the Atlantic Canada region. Once Asian Visitors to Newfoundland and Labrador, total 2000-2013 the number one source of tourists to the region, the number of Japanese tourists declined slightly ( -4%) from 2000 to 2013, while Australian (214%), Chinese (163%) and Indian (117%) tourists numbers have grown the fastest. 36% Australia 16% India 8% Japan Asian Visitors to Atlantic Canada, total 2000-2013 8% Philippines 7% New Zealand 25% Other Asian Countries

30% Australia 21% Japan 11% China (incl. Hong Kong) Asian Visitors to Nova Scotia, total 2000-2013 10% India 5% New Zealand 5% South Korea 34% Australia 5% Philippines 23% Japan 3% Taiwan 8% China (incl. Hong Kong) 3% Singapore 7% India 2% Malaysia 6% New Zealand 5% Other Asian Countries 22% Other Asian Countries

Asian Visitors to New Brunswick, total 2000-2013 Asian Visitors to Prince Edward Island, total 2000-2013

22% China (incl. Hong Kong) Japan 21% Australia 88% 5% Australia 15% India 2% China (incl. Hong Kong) 13% Japan Taiwan 7% South Korea 1% South Korea 22% Other Asian Countries 1% 3% Other Asian Countries

14 15 Source: Statistics Canada Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Asian Immigration to Atlantic Canada of immigrants to of Atlantic Canada’s Growth in immigrants Atlantic Canada in 2013 49% immigrants in 2013 17% 326% from Asia since 2000 Asia has become an important source of immigrants for Atlantic Canada. Since 2005 it has were from Asia came from China been the region’s top source of new immigrants, far surpassing Europe and the United States. Within Asia, the top source countries of immigrants to the Atlantic region in 2013 were China, South Korea, India and the Philippines. Broken down by province, China remains the top source of immigrants from Asia for each Atlantic province. Source of Immigrants, by Province, total 2000-2013

Immigration to Atlantic Canada New Brunswick Nova Scotia

4,500 18.7% EUROPE 21.7% EUROPE 6.9% UNITED STATES 8.5% UNITED STATES 4,000 20.7% AFRICA & 32.7% AFRICA & 3,500 Asia MIDDLE EAST MIDDLE EAST

3,000 4.4% LATIN AMERICA 3.6% LATIN AMERICA Africa and Middle East 16.6% CHINA 9.1% CHINA 2,500 ASIA 16.4% SOUTH KOREA ASIA 5.3% INDIA 49.3% 2,000 Europe 3.8% INDIA 33.5% 5.2% PHILIPPINES 2.7% PHILIPPINES 2.5% SOUTH KOREA 1,500 9.8% OTHER ASIAN 11.4% OTHER ASIAN

Number of Immigrants United States 1,000

500 Latin America 0 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2013 Newfoundland & Labrador Prince Edward Island

18.1% EUROPE 7.6% EUROPE Type of Immigrants from Asia, 2000-2013 7.8% UNITED STATES 3.6% UNITED STATES 28.2% AFRICA & 14.1% AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST MIDDLE EAST Other Immigrants 35 5.2% LATIN AMERICA 1.3% LATIN AMERICA 14.1% CHINA 54.1% CHINA Refugee Immigrants 1,800 ASIA 6.7% PHILIPPINES ASIA 6.6% SOUTH KOREA 40.8% 6.4% INDIA 73.5% 3.4% TAIWAN Family Immigrants 3,020 3.8% PAKISTAN 2.6% PHILIPPINES 9.7% OTHER ASIAN 6.8% OTHER ASIAN Economic Immigrants 23,845

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 Number of Immigrants 16 17 Source: Citizenship & Immigration Canada Note: Figures were randomly rounded either up or down to multiples of 5. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Asian Languages Spoken in Atlantic Canada of Atlantic Canadians of Atlantic Canadians Growth of Asian speak an Asian who speak an Asian language speakers 0.9% language as their 66.1% language speak Chinese, 198% since 2000 Some 8.9% of Canadians speak an Asian language as their mother tongue, while only mother tongue Korean or Tagalog 0.9% of Atlantic Canadians speak an Asian language as their mother tongue. English and French make up the vast majority of languages spoken at 96.1%. Of the Asian languages that are spoken, Chinese languages1 are the most popular (42.6%), followed by Korean (13.4%) and Tagalog (10.1%). Asian Languages Spoken, by Province

1 % of Languages Spoken, Canada 42.6% Chinese 13.4% Korean 10.1% Tagalog English and French Asian Languages Other Languages 4.6% Urdu Atlantic Canada 4.3% Hindi 2011 79.8% 8.9% 11.4% 3.8% Vietnamese 2.9% Punjabi 2.5% Japanese 2001 82.2% 6.5% 11.3% 15.7% Other

1991 86.7% 3.5% 9.8%

30.8% Chinese1 45.2% Chinese1 % of Languages Spoken, Atlantic Canada 30.5% Korean 9.6% Tagalog New 9.8% Tagalog Newfoundland 7.2% Urdu English and French Asian Languages Other Languages Brunswick 4.8% Vietnamese & Labrador 7.2% Bengali 4.2% Hindi 4.2% Punjabi 2011 96.1% 0.9% 3.0% 19.9% Other 26.7% Other

2001 97.6% 0.4% 2.0%

70.4% Chinese1 42.6% Chinese1 1991 98.3% 0.3% 1.4% 6% Korean 11.7% Tagalog 4.6% Tagalog Nova 8% Korean PEI 3.3% Japanese Scotia 5.3% Urdu 1.8% Punjabi 5.1% Hindi 13.9% Other 27.3% Other

18 19 Source: Statistics Canada, 1991, 2001 and 2011 Census of Population Note: All numbers are for 2011, unless otherwise specified. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada Note 1: Chinese languages include Mandarin, Cantonese, and all dialects spoken in China Asian Foreign Students in Atlantic Canada of foreign students of Asian foreign Increase in the number in Atlantic Canada students came of Asian foreign students 46.4% came from Asia 53.2% from China 107% in Atlantic Canada since Asia represents an important source of foreign students in Atlantic Canada. Between 2000 (2000-2013) (2000-2013) 2000 and 2013, nearly half of all foreign students studying in the region were from Asia. Of these, 53.2% were from China. In order of preference, these students chose to study in Total Asian Students, by province, 2000-2013 Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, and Prince Edward Island. Other Asian Countries Philippines Bangladesh PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Australia % of Asian Foreign Students in Atlantic Canada, 2000-2013 India Taiwan 90% Japan South Korea 80% China 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 70% Prince Edward Island Other Asian Countries 60% Newfoundland and Labrador Sri Lanka Japan NEWFOUNDLAND 50% Canada Australia Nova Scotia Thailand AND LABRADOR 40% Pakistan New Brunswick Malaysia 30% Bangladesh India 20% South Korea 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2010 2013 China 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000

Other Asian Countries Total Asian Foreign Students in Atlantic Canada, 2000-2013 Vietnam Thailand NEW BRUNSWICK Australia Pakistan Malaysia Bangladesh 13,115 China Japan 3,945 South Korea India Japan South Korea 2,095 China India 1,995 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 930 Bangladesh 620 Taiwan Other Asian Countries Malaysia 420 Malaysia Hong Kong NOVA SCOTIA 380 Pakistan Thailand Thailand Pakistan 295 Bangladesh 275 Australia Taiwan 565 Other India Japan South Korea China 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 20 21 Source: Citizenship and Immigration Canada Note: All numbers are for 2013, unless otherwise specified. Some figures may not sum to total, due to rounding Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada The Asia Factor in Atlantic Canada Notes

Eva Busza Vice President, Research and Programs

Jill Price Vice President, Development and Corporate Affairs

Charles-Louis Labrecque Project Manager

Ian McDonald Program Assistant

Christine Park Program Assistant NOTES Pp. 4-5: World Economic Outlook Database, October 2013 Edition, International Monetary Fund, November 1, 2013 (http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/ weo/2013/02/weodata/index.aspx); World Development Indicators, World Bank, 2013 (http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/BM.GSR.GNFS.CD); and Homi Kharas, The Emerging Middle Class in Developing Countries, Brookings Institution, January 2010. This report is supported in part by the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency (ACOA) under the Atlantic Policy Research Initiative, which provides a vehicle Pp. 6-13: Trade Data Online, Industry Canada, 2014 (http://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/ for the analysis of key socio-economic policy issues in Atlantic Canada. The tdo-dcd.nsf/eng/Home) views expressed in this study do not necessarily reflect the views of ACOA or of the Government of Canada. The author is responsible for the accuracy, Pp. 14-15: CANSIM Database, Table 427-0003 and 427-0004, Statistics Canada, reliability and currency of the information. March 2014 (http://www5.statcan.gc.ca/cansim/home-accueil?lang=eng).

Pp. 16-17: Citizenship & Immigration Canada, RDM, Q1 2014 extract.

Pp. 18-19: 2011 Census of Population, Catalogue Number 98-314-XCB2011017, Statistics Canada, September 2014 (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census- recensement/index-eng.cfm).

Pp. 20-21: Citizenship & Immigration Canada, RDM, Q1 2014 extract.

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Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada/Fondation Asie Pacifique du Canada www.asiapacific.ca

The Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada (APF Canada) is a not-for-profit organization focused on Canada’s relations with Asia. Our mission is to be Canada’s catalyst for engagement with Asia and Asia’s bridge to Canada.

Established by an Act of Parliament in 1984, APF Canada’s thematic priorities include: promoting trade, investment, and innovation; mobilizing energy assets; building skills and competencies; and, understanding Asia now.

Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada Head Office Toronto Office

900-675 West Hastings St. 205-375 University Ave. Vancouver, BC Toronto, ON Canada V6B 1N2 Canada M5G 2J5 Tel: 604-684-5986 Tel: 416-597-8040 Fax: 604-681-1370 Fax: 416-597-1162