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Science Review 1992 & '93 Bedford Institute of Oceanography Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory St. Andrews Biological Station Canada (This Page Blank in the Original) Science Review 1992 & ‘93 of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory St. Andrews Biological Station Published by: Department of Fisheries and Oceans Scotia-Fundy Region 1994 The Science Review of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, the Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory, and the St. Andrews Biological Station is published biennially by the Scotia-Fundy Region of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Change of address notices, requests for copies, and other corre- spondence regarding this publication should be sent to: Marine Assessment and Liaison Division Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 1006 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada. B2Y 4A2 ISSN: 0846-9121 (English) Aussi disponible en français. ISSN: 1182-6541 (French) Editor: Anna Fiander, Library, BIO Electronic Artwork, Layout and Assembly: Francis Kelly, Technographics, BIO Photographs: BIO Technographics and Authors Printer: Atlantic Nova Print Co. Inc., Halifax Science Review 1992 & ‘93 was produced using: Power Macintosh 8100/80(R) computer Aldus Freehand@ Aldus Pagemaker@ Adobe Photoshop@ (Aldus Freehand (c) Altsys Corporation, Aldus Pagemaker (c) Aldus Corporation, Adobe Photoshop (c) Adobe Systems Incorporated, Power Macintosh (c) Apple Computer, Inc.) ii Contents Research 1992 and ‘93 in Review S.B.MacPhee, D.B.Prior, and H.B.Nicholls . 1 A New Understanding of the Ocean Floor Through Multibeam Mapping R. C. Courtney and G. B. J. Fader . 9 Light Scattering By Marine Heterotrophic Bacteria O.Ulloa . , . 15 Technology Transfer From Marine Research H. B. Nicholls and G. H. Seibert . 18 Engineering in Fisheries Sciences H. Jansen . 22 CWS Seabird Colony Registry: A Computerized Data Management System for Access to Seabird Colony Data D. N. Nettleship . 27 Radioactivity Measurements In The Arctic Ocean J. N. Smith and K. M. Ellis . 31 Habitat Sensitivity Mapping System: A Method Of Linking Science With Managers P. R. Boudreau. 36 Monitoring Euphausiid Concentrations in LaHave Basin Using Bottom-mounted Acoustics N. Cochrane and D. D. Sameoto . 40 Halibut Aquaculture Research at the St. Andrews Biological Station K. G. Waiwood, K. G. Howes and J. Reid . 43 Directions in Scientific Computing D. Swetnam . 46 iii Contents Development of a National Digital Geoscience Data Library and Client Facility: The Opportunity of a Lifetime K. D. McAlpine and K. C. Coflin . .. 50 Instrumentation For In Situ Monitoring of Marine Sediment Geodynamics C. L. Amos, H. A. Christian, D. E. Heffler and W. MacKinnon . 55 The Ocean’s Role in the Climate System D. G. Wright, J. R. N. Lazier and R. A. Clarke . 60 Electronic Chart Initiatives in the CHS S. T. Grant . 65 Sailing Directions - A New Approach B. Pietrzak . 68 Sediment Core Processing at the Atlantic Geoscience Centre: State-of-the-Art Geomechanical Applications to Marine Geological Research K. Moran . 71 Environmental Marine Geology D. B. Prior and R. A. Pickrill. 76 The Impact of Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling on the Wave Climate W. Perrie, L. Wang, F. Dobson and B. Toulany . 82 Topology and the Changing World of Chartmaking H. Varma and D. Frizzle . 87 Organization and Staff . 89 Projects . 91 Voyages . 100 Charts and Publications . 114 iv Research 1992 and ‘93 in Review S. B. MacPhee, D. B. Prior, and H. B. Nicholls S. B. MacPhee D. B. Prior H. B. Nicholls The years 1992 and ‘93 continued the by Dr. Wendy Watson-Wright of the Re- eral reorganizations, until his retirement. In trend of financial restraint characteristic of gion’s Inspection Services Branch. In late his early years he worked as an oceanogra- the previous review period. Nevertheless, 1993, Dr. R.A. Pickrill was appointed as pher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic In- the years were interesting and fruitful ones the new Head of AGC’s Environmental stitute in Massachusetts. He subsequently for the research and survey programs car- Marine Geology Subdivision. held several scientific positions with the ried out at the Bedford Institute of Ocea- Department of National Defence. Among nography (BIO), the Halifax Fisheries Re- the many highlights in his distinguished search Laboratory (HFRL), and the St. career were: his participation in Operation Andrews Biological Station (SABS). The Crossroads-Bikini to study the oceano- following paragraphs describe significant graphic effects of the first peacetime atomic events that occurred during those years at bomb test; leading the scientific investiga- the laboratories of the Department of Fish- tion and cleanup of the Arrow oil spill in eries and Oceans (DFO), the Department Chedabucto Bay; and chairing the Environ- of Natural Resources (NRCan) and Envi- mental Advisory Committee set up by the ronment Canada. Royal Commission on the Ocean Ranger disaster. Perhaps more than anyone else, Staff Bill Ford oversaw the development of the A number of key staff changes occurred Institute to its present stature as a world within the laboratories during the 1992-93 class research organization. biennium. In April 1992 Dr. D.I. Ross, Di- rector of the Atlantic Geoscience Centre Awards and Presentations (AGC), of the then Department of Energy, The following were among the awards Mines and Resources (DEMR), resigned to and presentations involving staff of the take up an appointment in New Zealand as laboratories: Chief Executive Officer at the Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences. He was l Dr. Lubomir Jansa of AGC’s Basin Analy- succeeded as Director by Dr. D.B. Prior, sis Subdivision was presented with the 1992 Head of AGC’s Environmental Marine In Memorium Professor Purkyne Medal of the Czecho- Geology Subdivision. Also in 1992, Dr. Dr. William L. Ford, who retired as Di- slovakia Geological Survey and Geologi- R.H. Cook, Director, SABS transferred rector-General of Ocean and Aquatic Sci- cal Societies at a ceremony in Prague on within DFO Scotia-Fundy Region to as- ences, Atlantic, at BIO in 1978, died Janu- September 11, 1992. The award was made sume the position of Manager of the newly ary 15, 1992 in Halifax. He was appointed in recognition of Dr. Jansa’s research into established Aquaculture Coordination Of- Director of the Institute in 1965 and re- Mesozoic geology, including fundamental fice. He was succeeded as Director, SABS mained there, through several major fed- studies of sedimentary basin evolution, 1 Research Research ocean basin evolution, and the application Huntsman Award to hydrocarbon resources exploration. The A.G. Huntsman Award for excel- lence in the marine sciences is administered l Dr. Charlotte Keen of AGC’s Regional Re- by a private foundation based at BIO. It connaissance Subdivision was awarded was first awarded in 1980, and up to the honorary membership of the Canadian So- end of 1993, 16 persons had received the ciety of Exploration Geophysicists. Huntsman Medal. The following awards were made during the period covered by l Dr. Stu Smith of the Ocean Circulation this Review: Division of DFO was awarded the Ameri- can Meteorological Society’s Editor’s Award On February 24, 1993, Dr. Trevor Platt for 1991 in recognition of his significant re- of the Canadian DFO at BIO was presented views of manuscripts submitted to the Jour- with the 1992 Huntsman Medal in recog- nal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology nition of his extensive and innovative con- and dealing with meteorological measure- tributions to the understanding of pelagic ments from surface buoys, ships and islands. ecosystems, especially in the open ocean. Dr. Platt is the first DFO scientist to win l Dr. Arni Sutherlin, a former member of the SABS, was honoured through the pres- this award. entation of the “Aquaculturist of the Decade Dr. R. Rerner Award” by the Aquaculture Association of On November 5, 1993, Dr. Robert Canada at its 1993 meeting. Dr. Sutherlin Berner of Yale University in New Haven, annual larval and adult surveys. The data worked at the St. Andrews Biological Sta- Connecticut was presented with the 1993 are used to document the resurgence of one tion in the 1970’s and was a key participant Huntsman Medal in recognition of his work of the world’s largest herring stocks, once in the development of the Bay of Fundy on the mathematical modelling of kinetics thought lost to commercial fishing. Sur- salmonid industry. in the field of sedimentary geochemistry. veys were carried out in both 1992 and 1993. In 1992, for example, the work in- l Dr. Gus Vilks of AGC’s Environmental Research and Survey Highlights volved two vessels: EE Prince surveyed Marine Geology Subdivision was awarded Some of the major events that occurred adults while CSS Parizeau conducted lar- honourary membership of the North Ameri- during the 1992-93 biennium are outlined val studies. The information obtained on can Micropalaeontology Section of the So- below by broad geographic region. distribution and abundance is used to pro- ciety of Exploration of Palaeontology and vide an assessment of stock status in the Mineralogy. This award, which came on the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, likely event that a commercial herring fish- eve of his retirement in 1993, was in recog- Bay of Fundy ery is re-established. nition of his outstanding contributions to Since 1987, scientists at the SABS have Quaternary marine geology, paleoecology been monitoring the recovery of the DFO research continued throughout the and paleoceanography. Georges Bank (5Z) herring stock through review period to address issues pertaining Dr. T. Platt St. Andrews Biological Station 2 Research paulin-lined cage bottoms. The cage in the Campobello study is designed to overcome these problems. Wild-caught juvenile hali- but were placed in the cage in 1990 and fed a combination of frozen herring and semi-moist salmon pellets. Results to date indicate that Atlantic halibut stocks may provide better genetic material for aquaculture than Icelandic or Faroese stocks.
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