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Freshwater Mussels of Nova Scotia

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Freshwater Mussels of Nova Scotia NOVA SCOTIA MUSEUM Tur. F.o\Mli.Y of PKOVI.N C lAI~ MuSf::UMS CURATORIAL REPORT NUMBER 98 Freshwater Mussels of Nova Scotia By Derek 5. Dav is .. .. .... : ... .. Tourism, Culture and Heritage r r r Curatorial Report 98 r Freshwater Mussels of Nova Scotia r By: r Derek S. Davis r r r r r r r r r r Nova Scotia Museum Nova Scotia Department of Tourism, Culture and Heritage r Halifax Nova Scotia r April 2007 r l, I ,1 Curatorial Reports The Curatorial Reports of the Nova Scotia Museum make technical l information on museum collections, programs, procedures and research , accessible to interested readers. l This report contains the preliminary results of an on-going research program of the Museum. It may be cited in publications, but its manuscript status should be clearly noted. l. l l ,l J l l l Citation: Davis, D.S. 2007. Freshwater Mussels ofNova Scotia. l Curatorial Report Number 98, Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax: 76 p. l Cover illustration: Melissa Townsend , Other illustrations: Derek S. Davis i l l r r r Executive Summary r Archival institutions such as Museums of Natural History are repositories for important records of elements of natural history landscapes over a geographic range and over time. r The Mollusca collection of the Nova Scotia Museum is one example of where early (19th century) provincial collections have been documented and supplemented by further work over the following 143 years. Contemporary field investigations by the Nova Scotia r Museum and agencies such as the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources have allowed for a systematic documentation of the distribution of a selected group, the r freshwater mussels, in large portions of the province. Although this group comprises only 10 extant and one regionally-extirpated species, these collections represent important species which have been recognized as sensitive r indicators of envirorunental modification as well as larger scale climatic change. A consolidation of these data (1083 specimen lots), including 164 collections from other r North American and European sites allows a clear definition of baseline distributions, primarily in the 20th and beginning of the 21st century. The report summarizes collection data in the form of species accounts, supplemented by distribution maps, as well as r specific biological information (in a Nova Scotia context) including the requirement for a fish host during early development; a further limitation on their ability to expand ranges. r A selected suite of data fields for each documented collection of freshwater mussels in the Collection of the Nova Scotia Museum is appended. r Recommendations are made for future work. r r r r r r r r r Table of Contents r Ackrlow ledgements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 00 iii Introduction 0 0 o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 r 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 The Status of Nova Scotia Freshwater Mussel Populations 7 Methods 0 0 00000000 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 00000 000 000 0 00000000000000000 7 r o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Results attd Discussion 8 r Margaritifera margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758) 0 000000 o 000 00 o 00000 o 000000 000 00000 11 Elliptio complanata (Lightfoot, 1786) 0 0 0 o o 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 000000 13 r Alasmidonta varicosa (Lamarck, 1819) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 Alasmidonta undulata (Say, 1817) o 0 o o 0 o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 r Strophitus undulatus (Say, 1817) 00000 00 o 000 000 00 0000 00 o 000 00 000 o 000000 ooo 000 000 0 19 Pyganodon cataracta (Say, 1817) 00000 00 000 0000 00 000000 o 00 000 o 000 0000 000 000000000 21 r Anodonta implicata Say, 1829 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 0 23 Lampsilis cariosa (Say, 1817) 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 0 o 0 o o 0 0 25 r Lampsilis radiata (Gmelin, 1791) 0000000 000 0000000000000000000 0000000000000000000 27 Leptodea ochracea (Say, 1817) 00000000000000000 00000000000 0000000000000000000000 29 r Recommendations for Future Work 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o o 0 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 00 o o 0 o o o o o o 00 31 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 0 0 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o 35 r Appendix I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o 0 0 o o o o o o 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 00 o o 0 0 o o o o o o 39 Appendix ll o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 o o 0 0 0 o o 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 43 r Appendix lll 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 0 o 0 o... • 70 r r r r r r r rl Acknowledgements r The author would like to acknowledge the Nova Scotia Museum for providing access to what is now a comprehensive collection of the freshwater mussels of Nova Scotia. The collection has resulted from many years of field work and documentation by members of r staff, volunteers, students, professional partners and the general public. In particular the efforts of Leslie Pezzack, who managed the data, photography and imagery, and Andrew Hebda, of the Nova Scotia Museum, for his support and encouragement in the production r of this manuscript. Donnie Anderson, Doug Archibald, Dan Banks, Jenny Costelo, Mark Elderkin, Ross Hall, Mark Pulsifer and Terry Power of Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources should be recognised for their work in the recent survey which r produced so much valuable new information.
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