THE LYRIC VIDEO AS GENRE: Definition, History, and Katy Perry's
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THE LYRIC VIDEO AS GENRE: Definition, History, and Katy Perry’s Contribution LAURA MCLAREN Thesis submitted to the University of Ottawa in partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters of Arts in Musicology School of Music Arts University of Ottawa © Laura McLaren, Ottawa, Canada, 2018 Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................. IV LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................. V ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................................... VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................................. VII CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................1 OBJECT OF INQUIRY AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS ..................................................................................................3 HISTORICAL CONTEXTS .......................................................................................................................................4 LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................6 Genre Element i) Genre is universal, in that every text participates in genre. ................................................. 11 Genre Element ii) Genres have no point of origin; they emerge gradually and develop in complex ways. ........ 12 Genre Element iii) Genres are maintained through both repetition and development of convention ................. 13 Genre Element iv) Genres shape fictional worlds ........................................................................................... 15 Genre Element v) Industrial contexts and cultural contexts of genre. .............................................................. 15 Genre Element vi) Boundaries vs. Interacting system. .................................................................................... 17 Genre Element vii) Genres reveal cultural assumptions and the subjectivities of those participating in them ... 18 METHOD ........................................................................................................................................................... 24 CASE STUDY: KATY PERRY ................................................................................................................................ 30 CHAPTER TWO: TEENAGE DREAM (2010) .................................................................................................. 33 “California Gurls” ........................................................................................................................................ 34 “Teenage Dream” ......................................................................................................................................... 35 “Firework” ................................................................................................................................................... 36 “Not Like the Movies”................................................................................................................................... 37 GENRE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 38 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 48 FIRST INTERLUDE: EARLY AND INFLUENTIAL VIDEOS ......................................................................................... 49 1. “Good Life” by Kanye West ft. T-Pain ....................................................................................................... 49 2. “Fuck You” by Cee Lo Green .................................................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER THREE: TEENAGE DREAM: THE COMPLETE CONFECTION (2012) ..................................... 52 “Part of Me”................................................................................................................................................. 54 “E.T.” ........................................................................................................................................................... 54 “Last Friday Night (T.G.I.F.)” ...................................................................................................................... 55 “Wide Awake” .............................................................................................................................................. 55 “The One That Got Away (Acoustic)” ............................................................................................................ 56 “Dressin’ Up” .............................................................................................................................................. 57 GENRE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 58 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 69 SECOND INTERLUDE: RETROACTIVE LYRIC VIDEOS ............................................................................................. 70 3. “Born on the Bayou” [Side B] ................................................................................................................... 70 4. “Proud Mary” [ Side A] ............................................................................................................................ 71 5. “Doom and Gloom” ............................................................................................................................. - 71 - 6. “Paint it Black” and 7. “(I Can’t Get No) Satisfaction” ............................................................................. 72 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 73 CHAPTER FOUR: PRISM (2013) ..................................................................................................................... 74 “Roar” ......................................................................................................................................................... 75 “Unconditionally” ........................................................................................................................................ 76 ii “Birthday” .................................................................................................................................................... 76 “This Is How We Do” ................................................................................................................................... 77 GENRE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 78 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 88 THIRD INTERLUDE: MTV VIDEO MUSIC AWARDS ............................................................................................... 89 8. “Don’t Stop” by 5 Seconds of Summer ....................................................................................................... 90 9. “Problem” by Ariana Grande (featuring Iggy Azalea) ............................................................................... 90 10. “Really Don’t Care” by Demi Lovato (featuring Cher Lloyd) ................................................................... 91 11. “Mmm Yeah” by Austin Mahone (featuring Pitbull) ................................................................................. 91 12. “Birthday” by Katy Perry ........................................................................................................................ 91 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................................................................................... 91 CHAPTER FIVE: WITNESS (2017) .................................................................................................................. 93 “Chained to the Rhythm” .............................................................................................................................. 93 “Swish Swish” .............................................................................................................................................. 94 GENRE ANALYSIS .............................................................................................................................................. 95 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................................................... 104 FOURTH INTERLUDE: A HIT AND A MISS ........................................................................................................... 105