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Of the National Police of Colombia (2016-2030)

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Of the National Police of Colombia (2016-2030) 6th International Conference on Future-Oriented Technology Analysis (FTA) – Future in the Making Brussels, 4-5 June 2018 MODERNIZATION AND INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATION (MTI) OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF COLOMBIA (2016-2030) DIANA MARIA PRECIADO S [email protected] Abstract The signature and the current implementation of the Peace Agreement reached between the Colombian government of the FARC proposes to achieve political and institutional reforms and economic models that will allow creating a new "postconflict / post-agreement" scenario that will make the construction of new relationships much more viable State - citizenship, as well as among Colombians. This is a challenge framed in the uncertainty of the political, social and economic development of the country to ensure that this Peace that has been achieved is stable and lasting. From before the signing of the Peace Agreement, the Colombian National Police began to prepare to assume a change of role, to stop being a direct actor that fought the insurgency to be an actor and Peacemaker; creating for this in its interior the Special Unit for the Building of Peace (UNIPEP) that leads the formulation of a Peace Building Model which promoted the functioning of the process of Modernization and Institutional Transformation (MTI) from 2017 . The MTI resulted from an exercise of Strategic Planning and from the analysis of Colombia's social transformations as well through the use of Prospective tools; identifying the Key Factors of Change, the Strategic Variables, Stakeholder Games and Definition of Scenarios and Strategies, in this way the possible alterations of the crime and the needs and demands of the citizens configured in a time horizon until the year 2030 were defined using the following methodology: • Seven Strategic Circles of Institutional Transformation CETIN, responsible for developing the lines dictated by the Presidency. • Nine development plans, which include aspects of personal growth, career status and protection service, technology for coexistence, incorporation process and police health system, among other aspects. From here, 15 strategic lines are deployed, each line has a respective managers and implementation teams, aligned with the guidelines of the Ministry of Defense. • Two technical committees, to define Conpes documents that are responsible for the strengthening and projection of the Police, and which looked for sources of cofinancing to strengthen security and coexistence. • An Executive Secretariat, articulator of the process for the transformation and modernization of the Police.. The results are in process, there is a record of the specific actions of the last 18 months aimed at adapting and responding to the new paradigm of security and defense in which the country is transiting. Keywords: policía / peacekeekging / strategic planning / foresight SESSION PREPARING FOR SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - 1 - 6th International Conference on Future-Oriented Technology Analysis (FTA) – Future in the Making Brussels, 4-5 June 2018 Introduction The use of foresight as a facilitator of planning is not unknown in the country, because since the early 1970s, Colombia has carried out important studies oriented towards the future, such as Antioquia Siglo XXI, Valle 2000, Destino Colombia, Talleres del Millennium: Rethink the Country, Where does Colombia go ?, The Cali we want, among many others. Although these pioneering experiences have been important for the development of prospective competences at the national level, in the international context the Colombian prospective is mostly recognized for its work within the Colombian Program of Technological and Industrial Prospective (PNP Colombia). (Georghiou et al 2008) At the national level, the National Department of Planning, DNP, of a ministerial nature, carried out a whole prospective planning process that was delivered in 2005 as a result of the base document called Visión Colombia II Centenario: 2019 and in which of its content in a section of Society of Free and Responsible Citizens provides a scenario in which peace has been achieved and on that basis, among others, the National Police took action in this regard. From this context, the Prospective is not alien to the Police because for more than five years, being aware of the dynamics of society and the evolution that it must follow together with the requirements of citizens, incorporated into its structure the Strategic Direction unit, where the specialists of the institution are concentrated and define actions and measures that seek to reduce the uncertainty about future security situations and from this have elements to determine the cause of the institution, without ignoring the guidelines of the DNP. Given the above, the prospective will explain complex problems that are woven into the webs of systemic structures, decipher the levels of analysis, demarcate symbolic languages, translate codes, reach deep meanings to know what the discourses really say and the strategies of power. To immerse oneself in the visible structures to capture the non-visible ones and to know where the invisible ones are is a task that belongs to prospective thinking. (Baena 2004) Evidently for the Colombian case, the implementation of the General Agreement of Durable and Sustainable Peace, can not stop being trapped by the uncertainty, trends are visualized that favor the success of the demobilization process but of which there is no certainty of its occurrence in the future, for this reason this methodology adjusts appropriately to the studied phenomenon, because according to Godet (1996), the prospective looks for a form of collective reflection, "of a mobilization of the mentalities in front of the changes of the strategic surroundings". The use of foresight as an essential tool for strategic design and planning within the Police opens the door to determine actions in the long term. Being able to have several alternatives about the future, allows to reduce the uncertainty to be able to advance the activities and necessary actions in the organizational change and for that reason, to have the option to choose the best alternative. It is then from the Prospective and its approaches that sought to achieve a depoliticization of the issue and in that sense make a consistent proposal and that is useful for the Institution. The great driving factor to generate the Process of Modernization and Institutional Transformation of the Police is the new context that is generated in Colombia from the demobilization of the armed group FARC. From the central executive level, from the Presidency and the Ministry of National Defense and within the same with the Armed and Police Forces there is a fundamental consensus on the transformation that in a context of reconciliation should suffer the Armed Forces and Police in order to maintain and sustain a peaceful life. It is a reorganization that becomes necessary from SESSION PREPARING FOR SOCIETAL CHALLENGES - 2 - 6th International Conference on Future-Oriented Technology Analysis (FTA) – Future in the Making Brussels, 4-5 June 2018 the contemplation of new social demands and that helps guarantee the non-repetition of the conflict and the support for reparation to the victims. According to (Cardenas Sepulveda & Petro Gonzalez, 2014) one of the new challenges of the aforementioned post-conflict stage is represented by the reorganization that must take place within the Military and Police Forces within the roles they have assumed in the context of the conflict and that they have focused on the maintenance of national security in order to guarantee the sovereignty of the State and in this context the citizen security has been implemented tending to protect the population against the possible effects of criminal behavior and the guarantee of their rights and freedoms. During the last three decades, the National Police assumed hybrid functions since, on the one hand, it fulfilled its role of serving as an authority from civilians the problems of citizen insecurity and at the same time it has assumed a very visible participation in the protection of national security supporting the Military Forces in operations against drug trafficking, insurgency and terrorism From the guidelines delivered by the Peace Agreement and in a context of ending the conflict, it is imperative, as mentioned (Llorente et al., 2008), to consider that "National Police missions could be divided into two broad categories. On the one hand, those tasks that the body is necessarily obliged to perform to the extent that they are part of its own nature. And, those that have to do with the process of pacification of the country and the construction of the institutions that will gradually be completed as the conflict is extinguished. " The bet of the MTI seeks to give a line to the adjustments and adaptations that must be made to this new reality and strategic scenario within the Government Security Institutions, revolving around the maintenance of the ceasefire and guarantees for the citizens welfare. Methodological approach The process of Modernization and Transformation of the National Police of Colombia is framed in the first place in the continuity that the institution gives to the normalization activities of crime and security care and to which the tasks entrusted to it are added. of the Implementation of the General Peace Agreement. Since the possession of General Jorge Hernando Nieto as General Director of the National Police in February 2016 and at the initiative of the same,
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