2004 Spring Flower Bulbs Catalog
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Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Leaf Epicuticular Waxes of the Genus Gethyllis L
Soulh Afnc.1n Journal 01 Bol811Y 2001 67 333-343 Copynghl €I NISC Ply LId Pnmed In South Alnca - All ngills leserved SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY ISSN 0254- 5299 Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf epicuticular waxes of the genus Gethyllis L. (Amaryllidaceae) and prospects for a further subdivision C Weiglin Technische Universitat Berlin, Herbarium BTU, Sekr. FR I- I, Franklinstrasse 28-29, 0-10587 Berlin, Germany e-mail: [email protected] Recei ved 23 August 2000, accepled in revised form 19 January 2001 The leaf epicuticular wax ultrastructure of 32 species of ridged rodlets is conspicuous and is interpreted as the genus Gethyllis are for the first time investigated being convergent. In three species wax dimorphism was and discussed. Non-entire platelets were observed in discovered, six species show a somewhat rosette-like 12 species, entire platelets with transitions to granules orientation of non-entire or entire platelets and in four in seven species, membranous platelets in nine species a tendency to parallel orientation of non-entire species and smooth layers in eight species, Only or entire platelets was evident. It seems that Gethyllis, GethyJlis transkarooica is distinguished by its trans from its wax morphology, is highly diverse and versely ridged rodlets. The occurrence of transversely deserves further subdivision. Introduction The outer epidermal cell walls of nearly all land plants are gle species among larger taxa, cu ltivated plants , varieties covered by a cuticle cons isting mainly of cutin, an insoluble and mutants (Juniper 1960, Leigh and Matthews 1963, Hall lipid pOlyester of substituted aliphatic acids and long chain et al. -
Impact of Livestock Grazing Intensity on the Plant Diversity of Species-Rich Montane Grassland in the Northern Drakensberg, South Africa
Impact of livestock grazing intensity on the plant diversity of species-rich montane grassland in the northern Drakensberg, South Africa Thamsanqa Alfred Shezi 1511129 Supervisor Prof Timothy O’ Connor Prof Ed Witkowski Dr Erwin Sieben A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, Johannesburg, South Africa March 2019 i Declaration I declare that this Dissertation is my own work. It is being submitted for the Degree of Master of Science at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted by me before for any other degree, diploma or examination at any other University or tertiary institution. _____________________ Thamsanqa Alfred Shezi ____________________ Date ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS To Prof Timothy O’ Connor: I would like to express my gratitude and appreciation for your tenacious and unending support personally and academically. I have learned a lot over the past two years under your mentorship and guidance. All the inputs that you provided from writing up the proposal, executing the field work, and at the end coming up with a final product are appreciated. To Prof Ed Witkowski: Thank you very much for availing your time whenever needed and providing insightful comments through the proposal and final thesis write-up. To Dr Erwin Sieben: Thank you for stimulating the initial idea of this study. Thank you for teaching me how to identify all the plant species during my honours project they were greatly of use in this current project. A very special thanks to the following sponsors and organizations: To National Research Foundation (NRF) for awarding me a full bursary. -
Ornamental Garden Plants of the Guianas, Part 3
; Fig. 170. Solandra longiflora (Solanaceae). 7. Solanum Linnaeus Annual or perennial, armed or unarmed herbs, shrubs, vines or trees. Leaves alternate, simple or compound, sessile or petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary, extra-axillary or terminal raceme, cyme, corymb or panicle. Flowers regular, or sometimes irregular; calyx (4-) 5 (-10)- toothed; corolla rotate, 5 (-6)-lobed. Stamens 5, exserted; anthers united over the style, dehiscing by 2 apical pores. Fruit a 2-celled berry; seeds numerous, reniform. Key to Species 1. Trees or shrubs; stems armed with spines; leaves simple or lobed, not pinnately compound; inflorescence a raceme 1. S. macranthum 1. Vines; stems unarmed; leaves pinnately compound; inflorescence a panicle 2. S. seaforthianum 1. Solanum macranthum Dunal, Solanorum Generumque Affinium Synopsis 43 (1816). AARDAPPELBOOM (Surinam); POTATO TREE. Shrub or tree to 9 m; stems and leaves spiny, pubescent. Leaves simple, toothed or up to 10-lobed, to 40 cm. Inflorescence a 7- to 12-flowered raceme. Corolla 5- or 6-lobed, bluish-purple, to 6.3 cm wide. Range: Brazil. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). 2. Solanum seaforthianum Andrews, Botanists Repository 8(104): t.504 (1808). POTATO CREEPER. Vine to 6 m, with petiole-tendrils; stems and leaves unarmed, glabrous. Leaves pinnately compound with 3-9 leaflets, to 20 cm. Inflorescence a many- flowered panicle. Corolla 5-lobed, blue, purple or pinkish, to 5 cm wide. Range:South America. Grown as an ornamental in Surinam (Ostendorf, 1962). Sterculiaceae Monoecious, dioecious or polygamous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple to palmately compound, petiolate. Inflorescence an axillary panicle, raceme, cyme or thyrse. -
Biogeography of the Monocotyledon Astelioid Clade (Asparagales): a History of Long-Distance Dispersal and Diversification with Emerging Habitats
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 Biogeography of the monocotyledon astelioid clade (Asparagales): A history of long-distance dispersal and diversification with emerging habitats Birch, Joanne L ; Kocyan, Alexander Abstract: The astelioid families (Asteliaceae, Blandfordiaceae, Boryaceae, Hypoxidaceae, and Lanari- aceae) have centers of diversity in Australasia and temperate Africa, with secondary centers of diversity in Afromontane Africa, Asia, and Pacific Islands. The global distribution of these families makes this an excellent lineage to test if current distribution patterns are the result of vicariance or long-distance dispersal and to evaluate the roles of tertiary climatic and geological drivers in lineage diversification. Sequence data were generated from five chloroplast regions (petL-psbE, rbcL, rps16-trnK, trnL-trnLF, trnS-trnSG) for 104 ingroup species sampled across global diversity. The astelioid phylogeny was inferred using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods. Divergence dates were estimated with a relaxed clock applied in BEAST. Ancestral ranges were reconstructed in ’BioGeoBEARS’ applying the corrected Akaike information criterion to test for the best-fit biogeographic model. Diver- sification rates were estimated in Bayesian Analysis of Macroevolutionary Mixtures [BAMM]. Astelioid relationships were inferred as Boryaceae(Blandfordiaceae(Asteliaceae(Hypoxidaceae plus Lanariaceae))). The crown astelioid node was dated to the Late Cretaceous (75.2 million years; 95% highest posterior densities interval 61.0-90.0 million years) with an inferred Eastern Gondwanan origin. However, aste- lioid speciation events have not been shaped by Gondwanan vicariance. Rather long-distance dispersal since the Eocene is inferred to account for current distributions. -
Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes
Networks in a Large-Scale Phylogenetic Analysis: Reconstructing Evolutionary History of Asparagales (Lilianae) Based on Four Plastid Genes Shichao Chen1., Dong-Kap Kim2., Mark W. Chase3, Joo-Hwan Kim4* 1 College of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 2 Division of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Gyeonggi- do, Korea, 3 Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom, 4 Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, Korea Abstract Phylogenetic analysis aims to produce a bifurcating tree, which disregards conflicting signals and displays only those that are present in a large proportion of the data. However, any character (or tree) conflict in a dataset allows the exploration of support for various evolutionary hypotheses. Although data-display network approaches exist, biologists cannot easily and routinely use them to compute rooted phylogenetic networks on real datasets containing hundreds of taxa. Here, we constructed an original neighbour-net for a large dataset of Asparagales to highlight the aspects of the resulting network that will be important for interpreting phylogeny. The analyses were largely conducted with new data collected for the same loci as in previous studies, but from different species accessions and greater sampling in many cases than in published analyses. The network tree summarised the majority data pattern in the characters of plastid sequences before tree building, which largely confirmed the currently recognised phylogenetic relationships. Most conflicting signals are at the base of each group along the Asparagales backbone, which helps us to establish the expectancy and advance our understanding of some difficult taxa relationships and their phylogeny. -
The Potential of South African Indigenous Plants for the International Cut flower Trade ⁎ E.Y
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com South African Journal of Botany 77 (2011) 934–946 www.elsevier.com/locate/sajb The potential of South African indigenous plants for the international cut flower trade ⁎ E.Y. Reinten a, J.H. Coetzee b, B.-E. van Wyk c, a Department of Agronomy, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag, Matieland 7606, South Africa b P.O. Box 2086, Dennesig 7601, South Africa c Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa Abstract A broad review is presented of recent developments in the commercialization of southern Africa indigenous flora for the cut flower trade, in- cluding potted flowers and foliages (“greens”). The botany, horticultural traits and potential for commercialization of several indigenous plants have been reported in several publications. The contribution of species indigenous and/or endemic to southern Africa in the development of cut flower crop plants is widely acknowledged. These include what is known in the trade as gladiolus, freesia, gerbera, ornithogalum, clivia, agapan- thus, strelitzia, plumbago and protea. Despite the wealth of South African flower bulb species, relatively few have become commercially important in the international bulb industry. Trade figures on the international markets also reflect the importance of a few species of southern African origin. The development of new research tools are contributing to the commercialization of South African plants, although propagation, cultivation and post-harvest handling need to be improved. A list of commercially relevant southern African cut flowers (including those used for fresh flowers, dried flowers, foliage and potted flowers) is presented, together with a subjective evaluation of several genera and species with perceived potential for the development of new crops for the florist trade. -
In Vitro Propagation of Haemanthus Pumilio and H. Albiflos (Amaryllidaceae) and the Population Genetics of H
In Vitro Propagation of Haemanthus pumilio and H. albiflos (Amaryllidaceae) and the population genetics of H. pumilio By Panashe Kundai Madzivire Thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Faculty of Science at Stellenbosch University Supervisor: Paul N Hills Co-supervisor: Léanne L. Dreyer March 2021 i Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za DECLARATION By submitting this thesis electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the sole author thereof (save to the extent explicitly otherwise stated), that reproduction and publication thereof by Stellenbosch University will not infringe any third party rights and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification Copyright © 2021 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za ENGLISH - ABSTRACT Haemanthus albiflos and H. pumilio are members of the Amaryllidaceae. H. albiflos is a widespread evergreen plant, while H. pumilio is an endangered narrow endemic species with only two known populations remaining. These populations, remnants of the one recently transferred from Wellington to the Stellenbosch University Botanical gardens and another in the Duthie Reserve in Stellenbosch, present with vastly different morphologies. It is therefore vital to understand the phylogenetics and population genetics of H. pumilio as well as to design a method of in vitro propagation to increase the numbers of these plants. This study analysed the phylogenetics of H. pumilio using non-coding nuclear (Internal transcribed spacer), plastid (trnL-trnF intergenic spacer) and mitochondrial (nadi1477) gene regions and the population genetics using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphisms. -
Research on the Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae Plants: Genera Lycoris and Hippeastrum
Research on the Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae Plants: Genera Lycoris and Hippeastrum Ying Guo ADVERTIMENT . La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX ( www.tdx.cat ) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB ( diposit.ub.edu ) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en a ctivitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposici ó des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB . No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autor a. ADVERTENCIA . La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR ( www.tdx.cat ) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB ( diposit.ub.edu ) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde u n sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB . -
The Garden 2015 Index
GardenThe INDEX 2015 Volume 140, Parts 1–12 Index 2015 1 January 2015 2 February 2015 3 March 2015 4 April 2015 5 May 2015 6 June 2015 Coloured numbers in 12: 38 George VI Memorial bold before the page Dissectum Group Park, Ramsgate AWARD OF GARDEN MERIT (AGM) number(s) denote the 11: 58 (letter) 8: 19, 19 part number (month). ‘Garnet’ 11: 59 ‘Mediopicta Alba’ PLANT PROFILES Each part is paginated var. heptalobum 6: 49 Acer griseum 12: 25, 25 Dactylorhiza elata 5: 28– Prunus mume ‘Beni- separately. 11: 59 celsii 6: 49 Anemone hupehensis 29, 28–29 chidori’ 2: 20, 20 ‘Sango-kaku’ 11: 24, lophantha 6: 49 var. japonica ‘Pamina’ Escallonia bifida 9: 22, 22 radishes 3: 26–27 Numbers in italics 58 mitis 6: 49 9: 22, 22 Eschscholzia californica redcurrant ‘Red Lake’ denote an image. ‘Red Flamingo’ 11: 24 montana 6: 47, 49, 49 Bergenia ‘Eric Smith’ ‘Dali’ 7: 23, 23 7: 23, 23 Acer Corner: Eli Kling ovatifolia 3: 12, 12; 6: 49 1: 22, 22–23 Hyacinthus 4: 26–27 Rhodohypoxis baurii Where a plant has a and Jo Naiman’s foliage parryi 6: 49, 49 Camellia ‘Cornish Snow’ Iris Median Bearded 7: 22–23, 22–23 Trade Designation (also garden in Wendover, univittata 6: 49 2: 20–21, 21 6: 24–25 Salix alba var. vitellina known as a selling Bucks, by Nicola victoriae-reginae 6: 49 Chrysanthemum hardy, Lathyrus grandiflorus ‘Yelverton’ 1: 23, 23 name) it is typeset in a Stocken 11: 46–47 Ageratina altissima RHS Plant Trial of 5: 29, 29 Skimmia x confusa ‘Kew different font to Aceriphyllum rossii 5: 61 ‘Chocolate’ 12: 37 10: 20–21 Laurus nobilis ‘Aurea’ Green’ 2: 20, 20 distinguish it from the acidity 3: 65 AGM (see Award of Clematis cirrhosa 5: 29, 29 Streptocarpus RHS Plant cultivar name (shown Aciphylla aurea 5: 82 Garden Merit; Award var. -
Castilleja in Utah, by David E
ROCK GARDEN VOLUME 53 NUMBER 4 FALL 1995 COVER: Juniperus osteosperma by Dick Van Reyper of Park City, Utah All Material Copyright © 1995 North American Rock Garden Society ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY BULLETIN OF THE NORTH AMERICAN ROCK GARDEN SOCIETY formerly Bulletin of the American Rock Garden Society VOLUME 53 NUMBER 4 FALL 1995 FEATURES The Genus Castilleja in Utah, by David E. Joyner 251 Red Canyon, Utah: Geology and Plants, by Alyce M. Hreha 259 Limber Pine Odyssey, by Richard Hildreth 269 Garden Passion the Englishes' Way, by Marv Poulson 275 A Garden in Park City, by Dick Van Reyper 285 Rock Garden Cacti Native to Utah, by Marv Poulson 289 New Zealand Gardens, by Ruby Weinberg 293 Day Hikes to Alpine Areas in Utah and Vicinity, by William H. King 307 DEPARTMENTS Awards 329 Book Reviews 334 Castilleja scabrida 250 ROCK GARDEN QUARTERLY VOL. 53(4) THE GENUS CASTILLEJA IN UTAH by David E. Joyner In The Legend of the Indian There on the ground you will find Paintbrush as retold by Tomie dePaola, what you need." The next evening a small Indian boy, called Little Little Gopher raced to the top of a Gopher, who was unable to physically nearby hill where, as the voice had compete with the larger and stronger predicted, he found small brushes boys in his clan, was encouraged by filled with paint. Little Gopher began the tribe's shaman to define his own to paint quickly and surely, using one destiny by employing his artistic tal• brush, then another. He had found the ents. -
Study of Intergeneric Hybridization in Hippeastrum
Study of Intergeneric Hybridization in Hippeastrum by Yaowapha Jirakiattikul M.Sc. Kasetsart University, Thailand Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA gc,r;c HOBART November, 1999 II Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any University, and, to the best of my knowledge, contains no copy or paraphrase of material previously published or written by any other person, except where due reference is made in the text of this thesis. I It . LA, I 9 aowaf In a Y-Ct Yaowapha Jirakiattikul November, 1999 Authority of Access This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act in 1968. ki aft*, 9a0 toctect Yaowapha Jiralciattikul November, 1999 List of Abbreviations ADP Adenosine-5 '-diphosphate BA Benzyladenine (a cytolcinin) DAP Day after pollination DMSO Dimethylsulphoxide FCR Fluorochromatic reaction FDA Fluorescein diacetate GDH Glutamate dehydrogenase IAA 3-indoleacetic acid (an auxin) Kinetin (a cytolcinin) NAA 2-Naphthyleneacetic acid (an auxin) NADP Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate MIT Tetrazolium thiazolyl blue MS Murashige and Skoog medium NBT Nitro blue tetrazolium PGI Glucosephosphate isomerase PGM Phosphoglucomutase PMS Phenazine methosulfate Relative mobility rpm Revolutions per minute TTC Tetrazolium chloride iv Summary Hippeastrum is a bulbous genus within the family Amaryllidaceae which is of horticultural importance as a cut flower and potted plant crop. The colour range available in commercial hybrids is dominated by white and red. The commercial potential of Hippeastrum as a floriculture crop is significant, but production of the cut flowers is limited to warm climatic regions or glasshouse production in temperate regions. -
A Floristic Analysis of the Vegetation of Platberg, Eastern Free State, South Africa’, How to Cite This Article: 2 Pieter J
A floristic analysis of the vegetation of Platberg Original Research A floristic AnAlysis of the vegetAtion of PlAtberg, eAstern free stAte, south AfricA Authors: Robert F. Brand1 ABSTRACT Leslie R. Brown1 2 A checklist of vascular plants of Platberg was compiled to determine species richness, rarity and Pieter J. du Preez endemism. The floristic analysis is part of the Department of Economic, Tourism and Environmental Affairs Free State biodiversity assessment programme and conservation management plan for Affiliations: Platberg. 1Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystem The analysis identified a total of 669 species belonging to 304 genera and 95 families, with 214 species Research Unit, Department belonging to the Monocotyledoneae and 438 species to the Dicotyledoneae. The largest family of Environmental Sciences, is Asteraceae with 126 species, followed by Poaceae with 73 species, Cyperaceae with 39 species, University of South Fabaceae with 33 species, and Scrophulariaceae with 27 species. Various fynbos species were found, Africa, Florida campus, as well as 26 endemic/near-endemic species belonging to the Drakensberg Alpine Centre or Eastern South Africa Mountain Region. 2 Department of Plant The results of this study revealed that Platberg shares inselberg floral richness and endemism that can Sciences, University of the be tracked via the Afromontane archipelago-like string of inselbergs and mountains, which stretch Free State, South Africa north through the Chimanimani Mountains, into Malawi, the Eastern Arc Mountains via Tanzania and north through Ethiopia, into Eurasia. Correspondence to: Leslie R. Brown Conservation implications: Platberg, as an inselberg, is a site of significant biological diversity, with high species richness, vegetation selection and ecosystem complexity.