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Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded Or Rarely Encountered in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico Jeffrey T

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Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded Or Rarely Encountered in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico Jeffrey T View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquila Digital Community Northeast Gulf Science Volume 4 Article 2 Number 1 Number 1 9-1980 Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded or Rarely Encountered in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico Jeffrey T. Williams University of South Alabama Robert L. Shipp University of South Alabama DOI: 10.18785/negs.0401.02 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Williams, J. T. and R. L. Shipp. 1980. Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded or Rarely Encountered in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Northeast Gulf Science 4 (1). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol4/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Williams and Shipp: Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded or Rarely Encountere Northeast Gulf Science Vol. 4, No.1, p. 17-27 September 1980 OBSERVATIONS ON FISHES PREVIOUSLY UNRECORDED OR RARELY ENCOUNTERED IN THE NORTHEASTERN GULF OF MEXICO Jeffrey T. Williams1 and Robert L. Shipp Department of Biological Sciences University of South Alabama Mobile, AL 36688 ABSTRACT: Twenty-one species of marine fishes previously unrecorded or rarely encoun­ tered in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico were taken by trawl, dredge, spear or hand capture or observed by SCUBA or research submersible. Biological data are added to the knowledge of all these forms, and several species are shown to have permanent populations in the region. Research on fishes of the northern Gulf MATERIALS AND METHODS of Mexico has increased considerably during the last quarter century. During Specimens were collected by trawling the early fifties, Ginsburg's many contri­ and dredging activities supporting butions to systematics of various groups several investigations. From 197 4th rough (e.g. Ginsburg 1951) as well as species 1977, twelve trawling cruises were made reports (e.g. Ginsburg 1952) are along the shallow (15-80m) northern Gulf especially noteworthy. Publications by of Mexico shelf between 85° and ago W other authors (e.g. Joseph and Yerger, latitude. These cruises, part of a Sea 1956; Caldwell and Briggs, 1957; Caldwell, Grant supported artificial reef study, 1959; and Collins and Smith, 1959) con­ averaged about twelve trawling stations tributed numerous range extensions and evenly spaced over the area per cruise. some life history information on species Subsequently, six similar cruises were previously poorly known in this region of made in the same area as part of a Sea the Gulf. Grant supported Scyllarides lobster fish­ ery investigation. In addition, between The increased use of skin diving and 1975 and 1978, the Bureau of Land Man­ SCUBA by scientists resulted in numer­ agement supported ten irregularly ous sightings and capture of shallow shelf spaced dredge/trawl cruises along the forms previously unknown from the northeast Gulf shelf from the region off northern Gulf. Some of these have been Mobile Bay to Ft. Myers, Fla., as a com­ reported in more comprehensive works: ponent of the MAFLA (Mississippi, Ala­ Bright and Cashman (1974) on the West bama, Florida) lease area environmental Flower Garden Bank off Texas; Smith et study. Samples were taken at approxi­ a/. (1975) on the Florida Middle Ground; mately 40, 92 and 183 m depths along Hastings et a/. (1975) on offshore north­ numerous transects within this area. east Gulf platforms, and Hastings (1979) Trawls used for sampling were 8.2 m on the Florida panhandle region. semi-balloon trawls, with a fine mesh (ca. Recent ichthyofauna trawling and 1.2 em) cod end to help retain smaller dredging surveys in the northeastern Gulf specimens. Many burrowing and small, by our group, supplemented by submersi­ cryptic specimens were collected with a ble observations and SCUBA collections, Capetown dredge with a liner basket con­ are reported herein. structed of a 1.2 em (diagonal) mesh , Present address: Florida State Museum and Zoolo­ screen. gy Dept., University of Florida, Gainesville, FL32611 SCUBA collections were made during Published by The Aquila Digital Community, 1980 17 1 Gulf of Mexico Science, Vol. 4 [1980], No. 1, Art. 2 18 J.T. Williams and R.L. Shipp an artificial reef study off the Alabama MURAENIDAE coast and from a study of the Florida Anarchias yoshiae Kanazawa, Pygmy Middle Ground region. Specimens were moray: collected with small hand nets and by 6 Feb. 1978; 1 (148); 28°29' N, 84°21'W; spear fishing in depths ranging from 20- 36m. 27 m. The pygmy moray is a diminutive, cryp­ Underwater observations were made tic moray best known from the Bahamas from the submersible Oiaphus. These and Bermuda (Bohlke & Chaplin, 1968). observations were concentrated on the Previously, only the leptochephali and northern rim of the DeSoto Canyon which one adult have been recorded from the consists of a hard, limestone substrate Gulf of Mexico (Eldred, 1968). Our speci­ jutting above the surrounding sand bot­ men represents the first northeastern Gulf tom at a depth of 52 to 54 m. Fourteen sub­ of Mexico record of an adult pygmy mersible dives, representing thirty-nine moray. The identification was confirmed observation hours were made on the by J. E. Bohlke. Canyon rim. Observations were recorded Muraena retifera Goode and Bean, reticu­ on black/white video tape, audio cassette late moray: tape and still color photographs. Many of 8 Oct. 1978, 2 (554, 800), 30° 05' N, 86° the data from these dives have been re­ 05' W; 53 m. ported recently by Shipp and Hopkins Briggs (1958) reported the reticulate (1978), and fish observations discussed moray from the northern Gulf of Mexico therein are excluded from this report. but did not mention specific localities on Nomenclature used in the species ac­ which he based his report. More recently, counts follows Bailey et al. (1970) except Smith eta/. (1975) observed the reticulate in cases where nomenclatural changes moray on the Florida Middle Ground have since been clearly elucidated. (FMG) and reported on the capture of a specimen 40 km south of the Florida Collection dates, number of individuals Middle Ground. collected with Standard Length in mm in parentheses, locality, and depth are pro­ Several reticulate morays were ob­ vided with species accounts. Specimens served among the rocky crevices of the on loan do not include standard length northern rim of the DeSoto Canyon data if these were not taken previous to during dives in the Diaphus (Shipp and shipment. Hopkins, 1978). Because these morays remain among the rocks they are difficult SPECIES ACCOUNTS to collect with trawl or dredge. However, we were able to collect our specimens and The following accounts are given for thus confirm their identity using lobster/ species for which little or no information fish traps placed in the vicinity of the ob­ is available from the northeastern Gulf of served specimens. Mexico. Specimens of all species were collected and most are archived in the ichthyological collection of the University CONGRIDAE of South Alabama (USAIC). Exceptions, Nystactichthys sp., garden eel: including material donated or on loan to 30 August 1977, 1 (damaged); 28° 42' N, various workers, are noted. 84°20' W; 33m. https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol4/iss1/2 2 DOI: 10.18785/negs.0401.02 Williams and Shipp: Observations on Fishes Previously Unrecorded or Rarely Encountere Northeastern Gulf of Mexico Fishes 19 The genus Nystactichthys has not been SERRANIDAE recorded from the Gulf of Mexico. A Anthias nicholsi Firth, yellow fin bass: single specimen of the genus was cap­ 3 Feb. 1978; 15; 26°25'N,84°15'VV;162 tured by a box corer off St. Petersburg. m. Unfortunately, this device, used for 28 June 1978; Numerous observations, sampling sediment, severed the specimen 30°05' N, 86°56' W; 54 m. some 130 mm from the snout, and the Anthias nicholsi is commonly encounter­ posterior portion was lost. ed off the eastern coast of the United Although Nystactichthys halis, com­ States (Firth, 1933; Burgess, eta/., 1980) mon throughout the Caribbean, is the but has not been previously recorded in only described western Atlantic member the Gulf of Mexico. Our specimens repre­ of the genus, specific identification of our sent the first record of this species in the specimen was uncertain due to the absent Gulf of Mexico, and may be an example of caudal portion. However, our specimen a species with disjunct distributions was photographed soon after capture. around the Florida peninsula. The color notes, which follow, appear at Along the rim of the DeSoto Canyon, A. variance with coloration as reported by nicholsi was frequently observed in and Bohlke and Chaplin (1968) for N. halis, around large schools of Hemanthias sp. and J.E. Bohlke (pers. comm.) is of the (Shipp and Hopkins, 1978). These opinion that the specimen represents an congregations were never observed more undescribed form. than 2 m above the limestone boulders The specimen was bright yellow dorsal­ and usually were in, or just above, large ly, with numerous fine scattered melano­ crevices between the boulders. This be­ phores. Yellow extended laterally to just havior might be attributed to the presence beneath the eye and to the upper level of of large predators such as snappers, the gill opening. Lower flanks and belly groupers and amberjacks on the canyon were white. Lips were heavily pigmented rim. distally. Distinct spots or other markings Identification of captured specimens were absent on anterior portions of the was confirmed by W. D. Anderson, Jr. body. GRAMMISTIDAE Rypticus bistrispinus (Mitchill), freckled OPHICHTHIDAE soapfish: Apterichtus kendalli (Gilbert), finless eel: 1 Feb.
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