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Alternatives to Ornamental Invasive Plants a Sustainable Solution for Long Island Horticulture

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Alternatives to Ornamental Invasive Plants a Sustainable Solution for Long Island Horticulture Alternatives to Ornamental Invasive Plants A sustainable solution for Long Island horticulture Plant Selection Committee: Alexis Alvey - Colorado State Long Island, NY is one of many locations University Extension throughout the U.S. that has taken progressive Dwight Andrews - Dwight Andrews steps towards improving the environment by Landscape Design; Long Island Nursery reducing the spread of invasive plants. Invasive & Landscape Association plants have damaged Long Island’s unique Jonathan Lehrer, Ph.D. - Farmingdale State College, State University of NY woodlands by replacing native flora, and in turn, Charles Scheer - Half Hollow Nursery; negatively impacting wildlife and natural ecosystem Long Island Farm Bureau processes. Invasive species are among the top Andrew Senesac, Ph.D. - Cornell causes of biodiversity loss across the globe. Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County Vincent Simeone - Planting Fields You can be part of the solution, by growing and Arboretum State Historic Park planting alternatives to ornamental invasive plants! Ellen Talmage - Long Island Nursery & Landscape Association These plants were selected based upon their similar ornamental characteristics and cultural For more information, visit: www.nyis.info requirements compared to the invasives. www.ccesuffolk.org Alternative plants may be native or non-native, but are not invasive. Alternative plants are well- adapted to Long Island, and many are readily available at Long Island nurseries. You can help Extension Education Center 423 Griffing Ave., Suite 100 make the future of Long Island greener by Riverhead, NY 11901-3071 growing these “native-friendly” plants! Phone: 631-727-7850 Fax: 631-727-7130 [email protected] Alternatives: Eastern Baccharis ‘Heavy Metal’ Switchgrass ‘Kobold’ Dense Blazing Star This publication was created by Alexis Alvey, 2009 (Revised 2012) Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County provides equal program and employment opportunities. Cornell Cooperative Extension is funded in part by Suffolk County through the office of the County Executive and the County Legislature. Invasive Plants Banned on Long Island & Their Alternatives (Plants on the Do Not Sell List) Japanese Angelica Tree Sweetautumn Clematis or The Do Not Sell List 1/1/2009 Japanese Virgin’s Bower A great alternative- Trumpet Honeysuckle The Do Not Sell List consists Aralia elata 1/1/2011 of over 60 of the worst For variegated cultivars of A. elata: Clematis terniflora invasive plants! Species on the Do Not Sell List are “very Pagoda Dogwood** Anemone Clematis Cornus alternifolia Clematis montana highly invasive” or “highly (Variegated cultivars) Virgin’s Bower** invasive” according to the Kousa Dogwood Clematis virginiana independent scientific review Cornus kousa (Variegated cultivars) Climbing Hydrangea committee. It is illegal to sell, Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris Staghorn Sumac** transport, distribute, or Rhus typhina propagate species on the Do (Cutleaf cultivars) Autumn-olive 1/1/2009 Not Sell List in both Nassau Elaeagnus umbellata and Suffolk Counties. Listed Japanese Barberry Eastern Baccharis** on this page and the opposite 1/1/2014 Baccharis halimifolia page, are plants on the Do Berberis thunbergii Sweetfern** Not Sell List with their Comptonia peregrina For dwarf purple cultivars of B. thunbergii: respective ban dates. Listed Northern Bayberry** Old Fashioned Weigela Morella pensylvanica beneath each invasive species, Weigela florida are suggested alternatives. (Dwarf purple cultivars) For standard purple cultivars of B. Winged Euonymus or thunbergii: Burning Bush 1/1/2016 Norway Maple 1/1/2013 Smokebush Euonymus alatus Cotinus coggygria Acer platanoides (Purple cultivars) Red** or Black** Chokeberry Freeman Maple** Eastern Ninebark** Aronia arbutifolia Acer x freemanii Physocarpus opulifolius A. melanocarpa (Purple cultivars) Red Maple** Dwarf*, Hybrid*, or Large* Fothergilla Acer rubrum Old Fashioned Weigela Fothergilla gardenii Weigela florida F. x intermedia Sugar Maple** (Standard purple cultivars) F. major Acer saccharum For yellow or gold cultivars of B. thunbergii: Virginia Sweetspire* Lacebark Elm Itea virginica Ulmus parvifolia Glossy Abelia Abelia x grandiflora Doublefile Viburnum For red cultivars of A. platanoides including (Yellow cultivars) Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum ‘Crimson King’ and ‘Royal Red’ 1/1/2016: Border or Greenstem Forsythia Eastern Redbud* Forsythia x intermedia Cercis canadensis F. viridissima (Purple cultivars) (Yellow cultivars) European Beech Boxleaf Honeysuckle Fagus sylvatica Lonicera nitida (Purple cultivars) (Yellow cultivars) Chokecherry** Old Fashioned Weigela Prunus virginiana Weigela florida (Purple cultivars) (Yellow cultivars) For green cultivars of B. thunbergii: Porcelain-berry 1/1/2009 Cranberry Cotoneaster Cotoneaster apiculatus Ampelopsis brevipedunculata Bush Cinquefoil** Potentilla fruticosa Bodinier or Purple Beautyberry Callicarpa bodinieri Fragrant Sumac** C. dichotoma Rhus aromatica (Dwarf cultivars) Trumpet Honeysuckle** Lonicera sempervirens Old Fashioned Weigela Weigela florida Coralberry* Symphoricarpos orbiculatus & hybrids A great alternative – Trumpet Honeysuckle *Native to the United States ** Native to New York State (hybrids and cultivars of native species included) Carolina Yellow Jessamine* Wintercreeper Euonymus Gelsemium sempervirens 1/1/2013 (Cold hardy cultivars) The Euonymus fortunei Goldflame Honeysuckle Native-Friendly Garden Lonicera x heckrottii Come check out some of For the groundcover habit of E. fortunei: Bearberry** Trumpet Honeysuckle** these alternative plants at Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Lonicera sempervirens Cornell University’s Long Bearberry Cotoneaster Island Horticultural Research Cotoneaster dammeri Purple Loosestrife 1/1/2009 & Extension Center! A small, Willowleaf Cotoneaster Lythrum salicaria “Native-Friendly” Garden was Cotoneaster salicifolius (Low-growing cultivars) Meadowsweet created as a research and Filipendula purpurea Creeping Raspberry demonstration site for F. rubra* Rubus calycinoides (Rubus pentalobus) horticulture professionals & Dense Blazing Star* For the shrub habit of E. fortunei: homeowners. Visit us at: Liatris spicata Dwarf Japanese Aucuba Obedient Plant** 3059 Sound Avenue Aucuba japonica Physostegia virginiana Riverhead, NY 11901 (Dwarf cultivars) Perennial Sage 631-727-3595 Japanese Skimmia Skimmia japonica Salvia nemorosa (S. x superba; S. x sylvestris) The Native-Friendly Garden was designed and installed by Alexis Alvey. 1/1/2012 Yellow Flag Iris Japanese Silver Grass or Iris pseudacorus Maiden Grass 1/1/2016 Louisiana Irises* Miscanthus sinensis Iris spp. (Yellow flowering cultivars) Feather Reed Grass Calamagrostis x acutiflora Japanese Iris Iris ensata Korean Feather Reed Grass Calamagrostis brachytricha Blueflag Iris** Iris versicolor Pink Muhly Grass** Muhlenbergia capillaris Bell, Amur, Morrow, and Switchgrass** Panicum virgatum Tatarian Shrub Honeysuckle 1/1/2011 Amur Corktree 1/1/2013 Lonicera x bella Phellodendron amurense L. maackii Honeylocust* L. morrowii Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis L. tatarica Kentucky Coffeetree** Gymnocladus dioicus Deutzia Deutzia spp. Lacebark Elm A great alternative – Blueflag Iris Beautybush Ulmus parvifolia Kolkwitzia amabilis Mockorange* (some species native to 1/1/2013 U.S.) Black Locust Did you know? Philadelphus spp. Robinia pseudoacacia Invasive plants also pose a Nippon or Vanhoutte Spirea For gold cultivars of R. pseudoacacia: serious threat to Long Island’s Spiraea nipponica Honeylocust* S. x vanhouttei local economy. Expensive Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis invasive plant control (Gold cultivars) measures need to be taken in Japanese Honeysuckle order to maintain the value 1/1/2011 and beauty of Long Island’s Lonicera japonica numerous parks, golf courses, Crossvine* water bodies, and farms. Bignonia capreolata Moderately Invasive Plants NOT Banned on Long Island (Plants on the Management List) & Their Alternatives Lysimachia nummularia Rugosa Rose The Management List Green and Gold* Rosa rugosa The Management List consists Chrysogonum virginianum Bush Cinquefoil** of over 80 invasive plants. Spotted Dead Nettle Potentilla fruticosa Lamium maculatum Although not as highly Beach Plum** Creeping Mazus Prunus maritima invasive as plants on the Do Mazus reptans Not Sell List, it is Shrub Roses Siberian Barren-strawberry Rosa spp. recommended that these plants Waldsteinia ternata are not planted on Long Virginia Rose** For gold cultivars of L. nummularia: Rosa virginiana Island, especially by county Coral* or Foamy Bells agencies or for homes near Heuchera natural habitats. Species on X Heucherella Common Periwinkle (Gold cultivars) Vinca minor the Management List are “moderately invasive” Goldmoss Stonecrop Barrenwort Sedum acre Epimedium x perralchicum according to the independent Japanese Stonecrop E. x versicolor scientific review committee. Sedum makinoi Creeping Mazus (Gold cultivars) Mazus reptans Creeping Speedwell Creeping Phlox* Veronica prostrata Amur Maple Phlox stolonifera Acer ginnala V. repens (Gold cultivars) Dwarf Sweetbox Trident Maple Sarcococca hookeriana var. humilis Acer buergerianum Running Bamboo † Red Budkeye* Aesculus pavia Phyllostachys spp. Japanese and Chinese Eastern Redbud* (including P. aurea, P. aureosulcata, and P. Wisteria Cercis canadensis nigra) Wisteria floribunda Clumping Bamboo W. sinensis Fargesia spp. Russian-olive Climbing Hydrangea Hydrangea anomala subsp. petiolaris Elaeagnus angustifolia Japanese Black Pine Japanese
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