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Home , Lysistrata, Peace psychology, Peace symbols

LIST OF ENTRIES

VOLUME 1

A History Abraham Path Initiative Accidental Nuclear Politics Accords, Implementation of Russian Experience Accountability Verification and Inspection Action Reconciliation Service for Arms Races Addams, Jane Arms Trade and Traffic Africa, Peace Movements in Art African Peace Traditions An Overview Aggression, Conflict, and War Art against War Agreements Art in Official Institutions Implementation Artists as Peace Activists Multilateral Agreements War and Antiwar Art Agreements and Sustainability Women's Contributions Aid and Peace Article 9 Alliance Systems Asia, Contemporary Peace and Altruistic Approaches to Peace Movements in Amnesty International Australia, Peace Movements in Anarchists in Peace Movements Austrian School of Peace Theory Anarchist Theory and Peace Ancient World, Peace in B Angell, Norman Bahá'i Faith Animal Behavior and Aggression Balance of Power and Peace Antiballistic Missile Treaty Balch, Emily Anti-Communism and Peace Movements Balkan Conflicts Anti-Coup Balkans, Peace Movements in Anti-Imperialist Ideas and Peace Basic Human Needs in the Nineteenth Century Basque Organizations Antinuclear Power Protests in the United States Belgium, Preventing Conflict Escalation in Antiwar Strikes, History of Bentham, Jeremy, and Liberal Internationalism Bhave, Vinoba Appeasement and Peace in Foreign Policy Bias Awareness and Bullying Prevention Arbitration of Disputes, History of Bibliographies Architects for Peace Biosophy: The Work of Frederick Kettner Armament Culture Bloch, Jean de Armed Conflict, Preemption of Blood Feuds, Mediation of Arms Control and Disarmament Blowback Theory Boulding, Kenneth Process Bouthoul, Gaston Compliance Brazil, Landless Movement in Critics Brethren, Church of Economic Consequences Brethren Volunteer Service

ix x LIST OF ENTRIES

Brittain, Vera Peace Movements (1945-1956) Bronfenbrenner's Mirror Image Perception Ending (1987-1991) Buddha Collective Security Buddhist Ethics and Nonviolent Action Colombia, Peace Movements in Buddhist Peace Movements Combatants and Noncombatants in War, Protection of Buddhist Peace Organizations Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists Committee of 100 Bunche, Ralph Commonweal Collection, The Communal , Resolution of C Communism and Peace Movements Campaign for Communitarian Peace Experiments 1958-1965 Community Peacebuilding Initiatives, Faith-Based 1965-1978 Community Peacebuilding Initiatives, Local NGOs and 1980s Complexity Theory and Conflict Transformation 1990 to Present Conditions of Peace Camus, Albert Confidence-Building Measures Canada, Peace Movements in Conflict Carnegie, Andrew Distant Early Warnings Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Phases Carter Center Social Theories Catholic Peace Traditions Typologies Ceasefires and Facilitation of Ceasefires Conflict Analysis Censorship and Repression of Peace Literature Conflict and Peacebuilding Center for Research on Conflict and War, Distinctions of Central America in the 1980s Conflict Management within Organizations Central America, Multilateral Negotiations and Regional Conflict Research, Methods of Mediation in Conflict Resolution Chavez, Cesar An Overview Chemical and Biological Weapons Methods, Means, and Enforcement An Overview Research Movements to Ban Chemical and Biological Weapons Conflict Resolution, Peace Research, Studies, Children in War and Peace and Activism Child Soldiers and Their Rehabilitation Conflict Studies versus Peace Studies Chile, Peace Movements in Conflict Transformation China, Protest Movements in Congress of Racial Equality Christian Ethics and Peace Conscientious Objection History Christian Legal Rights Christmas Truce of 1914 Secular Perspectives Cities of Peace Religious Perspectives Civil Disobedience Conscientious Objectors in the Armed Forces Civil Disobedience to Prevent Mobilization Conscription, Movements Opposed to Civilian Peacekeeping Constructing Concepts of Peace Civil-Military Relations Constructive Conflicts as a Peace Policy Contemporary Peace Agreements and Accords Civil Resistance as a Defense Policy Contentious Politics Civil Rights Movement in the United States Conventional Weapons, Contemporary Constraints and An Overview Limitations on Methods of Nonviolent Action Conventional Weapons, Limitation on Civil Society, Theory and Practice of Correlates of War Civil Society and Development Corrymeela Community, Northern Ireland Civil Society and Peacebuilding Cosmopolitan Democracy Classical World, 2000 BCE to 400 CE Cosmopolitanism as a Peace Theory Climate Change and Its Implications for Conflict Court of Justice, International Cold War Courts of Arbitration Origins (1917-1947) Cousins, Norman Conflicts (1947-1987) Creative Arts and Peace LIST OF ENTRIES xi

Criminal Court, International Ecology and Environment Crisis Management Economic Conversion Cuban Missile Crisis Economics of Peace Economy and Globalization Culture of Peaceful Social Relations Ecopsychology Culture of Peacekeeping Education Curie, Adam Education and Peace Futures Einstein, Albert D El Salvador, Peace Settlement of Day, Dorothy Emergence of Manifest Conflict Dayton Accords Eminent Person Mediation Debs, Eugene V. Empathy and Peacemaking Decision to War and International Law Empower Dalit Women of Nepal Deep Ecology Encyclopedias De-escalation in Conflict, Theory of Enemy Images De-escalation in International Crises, Methods of Entrapment De Ligt, Bartholomeus Environmental Consequences of War Deming, Barbara Environmental Peace and Holistic Theories Demobilization after War Epistemic Communities Democracies and Peacefulness Erasmus, Desiderius Democracy and Warmaking Escalation, Prevention of Democratic Peace Escalation to and to War Democratization and Peacebuilding Ethics of Nuclear War Democratization and Peace within States Ethics of War and Peace Detente and Middle Ages Deterrence Modern Period Deutsch, Karl Ethnic Conflict Development and Peace Ethnic Conflict, Reintegration of Dewey, John, and the Outlawing of War Ethnopolitical Conflict, Psychology of Dialogue Circles and Groups European Community as Peaceful Model Dialogue Process European Integration and Peaceful Detente Diaspora Communities European Nuclear Disarmament and the Major Powers 1975-1985 Direct Violence, Psychology of 1980-1992 Disarmament European Peace Order after 1989 Enforced Disarmament and Conflict Prevention General and Complete Disarmament Evolving Views of Peace Dispute Resolution, Alternative Forms of Negative Definitions Dispute Settlement Procedures Positive Definitions Dolci, Danilo Experiential Peacebuilding Domela Nieuwenhuis, Ferdinand and Desertion F Draft Refusal in the United States Failed States and Conflict Draft Resistance in the Feminism, Cultural Violence of Drama Theory Feminism and Peace Dunant, Henri Feminist Eco- Feminist Peace Theory VOLUME 2 Films for Peace Food and the Role of Food Aid E Early Christianity and Antimilitarism Fox, George Early or 'Tribal" War, Anthropological Perspectives of France, Peace Movements in Early Warning of Hostilities Free Tibet Campaign Eastern Europe, Peace Movements in Free Trade and Liberal Internationalism Eastern European Revolutions of 1989 French-German Relations after 1945 East Timor, Peace Settlement and UN Intervention of Fromm, Erich East-West Conflicts Futures Methods and Peace Methods xii LIST OF ENTRIES

Futures of War and Peace Humanitarian Crises, Pacifist Responses to Futures Studies and Peace Studies Humanitarianism Humanitarian Law, International G Human Nature Debate Game Theory Human Rights Gandhi An Overview Moral Philosophy Critiques Political Strategy Legal Concepts Process with the British Empire Norms Legacy in India Peace Maintenance Gandhian Influence on Peace Movement Political Concept Gandhian Theory of Nonviolence Human Rights Watch Gay Rights Movements Human Security Gender, Socialization, and Humatriotism Gender and Conflict Humor Gender and Militarism in Child Upbringing Gender and Peace Cultures Gender and Violence Iconography of Peace Gender as a Category for Analysis of Conflict Icons of War and Peace Gender Roles and Conflict Mediation Identification Documents Genocide and War Identities: Shared, Multiple, and Peace Geo-economic Rivalries Between States Identity and Conflict Germany, Peace Movements of Images of Peace and War Glasnost and Perestroika Imperfect Peace Global Citizenship and Peace Imperialism and War Global Ethic Indian National Movement Globalization, Fissure, and Conflict India, Peace Constitution of Globalization and Peace Issues India, Peace Movements in Global Justice Movement Indigenous Culture and State-Sponsored Violence Global Resources as a Source of Conflict Indigenous Peoples' Movements Goldman, Emma Information, Communications Technologies, and Peace Good Friday Agreement Information Technology and Peace Activism Good Soldier Svejk, The Insurgent War and Peace Ethics Goss, Jean Intentional Communities Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension Reduction Intercultural Communication and Conflict Greenham Common Women's Intergroup Contact Green Parties Interlocking Conflicts Greenpeace International Alert Grotius, Hugo International Atomic Energy Agency International Committee of the Red Cross H International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia Haas, Ernst B. International Exclusion Hague Appeal for Peace International Fellowship of Reconciliation Hague Peace Conferences, First and Second Internationalist Theory and Liberal Democracy Hammarskjold, Dag International Peace Bureau Hardie, Keir International Peace Research Association Healing, Justice and Reconciliation of International Peace Research Institute Helsinki Accords International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War Hindu Ethics of Peace International Relations Hinduism and Peace Philosophy International Socialist Theory on Peace and War Panels Interpersonal Conflict and History of Peace, Contemporary Interstate War, Origins and Prognoses of History of Peace Movements, Periodization of Intervention, Humanitarian Holocaust and Collective Violence Intervention, Nonviolent Housmans Peace Diary Intifada, Palestinian Human Aggression and Aggressiveness Intractable Conflicts Humanism Intrastate Conflict, Prevention of LIST OF ENTRIES xiii

Iran-, UN Mediation of Limits to Force Islam Literary Works Islamic Ethics and Peace An Overview versus Interventionism in the United States Plays Israeli Nuclear Campaign Poetry Israel-Palestine Peace Novels Action and Pacifism Low-Intensity Warfare Grassroots Efforts Lutheran World Relief Official Efforts Lutuli, Albert Unofficial Efforts Luxemburg, Rosa I James, William M Janis's Groupthink MacBride, Sean Japan, Peace Constitution of Macedonia, Transition in Japan, Peace Movements in Macrohistory and Theories of Peace Japanese Peace Museums Madres de la Plaza de Mayo Jehovah's Witnesses Malaysia and Conflict Avoidance Jewish Ethics and Peace Male Violence, Unlearning of Journalism Many Peaces Justice versus Peace Marriage, Peacemaking in Just War Marxism, Conflict, and Peace Law and Codification Mass Violence and Trends Theory VOLUME 3 K Kant, Immanuel Kellogg, Frank Billings Mead, Margaret Kellogg-Briand Pact Meanings, Metaphors, and Myths of Peace Kelly, Petra Mediation, Formal Killing, Psychological Effects of Mediation, Psychological Aspects of King, Martin Luther, Jr. Medical Peace Movements Philosophy of Nonviolence Meditation and Inner Peace Role in Civil Rights Movement Mediterranean World Kollwitz, Käthe Mennonites Mercy Corps Kosovo, NATO, and Intervention Mexico, Radical Movements and Chiapas of Middle East, Peace Efforts in L Milgram Experiment Labor Movement and Antimilitarism in the Twentieth Century Militarism in History Labour Party and Peace Militarization in Education Landmines Militarization of Space De-mining Practice Military Expenditures Movements to Ban Landmines Military-Industrial Complex Language and Conflict Military Observers of Peace Settlements Latin America, Peace Movements in Missile Defense Issues Latin America, Social Justice Movements of Mobilization for War, Theories of Law, International Modeling Social Conflict History and Definitions Mormon Ethics and Peace Practical Application Mott, Lucretia Law of the Sea Movement for a New Society Laws of War Movements to Abolish War Leadership Theories Movements to Stop Particular Wars League of Nations Multi-track Diplomacy League of Nations Union Background Lebanon Hostage Crisis, UN Role in Institutions Legitimate Violence, Right of Museums for Peace Lentz, Theodore Music Libraries on Peace xiv LIST OF ENTRIES

Muste, Abraham John Nuclear Nonproliferation Mutiny and Organized Resistance in Armed Forces Nuclear Policies and Security Mutual Assured Destruction Nuclear Proliferation Programs: Iran and North Korea Nuclear Test Ban N Nuclear Tests in the Pacific Narayan, J. P. -free Zones Nation-States, Causes of Conflict in An Overview Native American Cultures and Traditions of Peace European Activity Nuclear Weapons, Threats of Getting to Yes Nuremberg Principles Multilateral Negotiation O Problem Solving Ombudsman Neoliberal Globalization Open Space Technology Neutralism and Nonalignment Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb News Media and Peace Issues Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe New Zealand, Peace Movements in Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Nicholson, Michael Organization in Peace Movements Niebuhr, Reinhold Organizations, Regional Nobel, Alfred Organizations, Rise of International Nobel Peace Prize Ossietzky, Carl von History Oxfam International Controversies Nobel Peace Prize Laureates P Nobel Peace Prize Laureates, Appeal of Pacem in Terris No-First-Use Nuclear Policies Pacifism, Critical Nongovernmental Organizations Pacifism and Peace Meanings Types Pacifism before 1901 Conflict Situations Pacifism in the Peace Movement International and Transnational NGOs Pacifism versus , A New Paradigm of Pacifist Peace Traditions Nonlethal Weapons Pacifists in the Third Reich Nonviolence, Feminist Views of Pacts, Treaties, and Agreements to End Specific Wars Nonviolence, Theory and Practice of Patriarchy and War Nonviolent Action Pauling, Linus Methods Americana Strategies Pax Christi International Typologies Pax Romana Nonviolent Action as Active Resistance Peace, Negative and Positive Nonviolent Revolution Peace Ballot and 1930s Referendum Nordic Peace Research Peace Brigades International North Atlantic Treaty Organization Peacebuilding Northern Europe, Idea of Peace in An Overview Northern Ireland Theoretical and Historical Analyses Nonviolence Mapping Actors of Peacebuilding Cross-Community Relations Peace Constitutions Peace Process Peace Corps Peace Movements Peaceful Coexistence Peaceful Reconciliation and Enduring Accommodations Peaceful Relationships Agreement Reached 10 April 1998 Peaceful Societies Northern Ireland, Civil Rights Association of Peace Institutes, Global Northern Ireland, Peace People of Peacekeeping North-South Conflict Theoretical and Historical Analyses Nuclear Controversies in the United States Institutions Nuclear Disarmament, International Campaigns for Practice and Methods Nuclear Disarmament in Europe, 1945-2000 Integrated Missions and Humanitarian Role Nuclear-free and Independent Pacific Movement International Peacekeeping Nuclear Freeze Unintended Consequences LIST OF ENTRIES xv

Peacemaking Power in Nonviolence Theory Theoretical and Historical Analyses Preemptive Wars Methods Prehistory, Archaeological Evidence of War in Peace Missions, International Priestley, J. B. Peace Monuments Prisoners of Conscience Peace Movements Prizes Origins and Definitions Problem-solving Workshops Peace Movements as Mass Social Movements Professional Movements Against Nuclear State-Sponsored Peace Movements Weapons Typologies Propaganda for Peace Peace Movements between the World Wars, Propaganda for War 1918-1939 Prophetic Minorities Psychoanalysis and Peacemaking Peace Now Psychology Peace Palace, The Hague Psychology of Nonviolent Action Peace Parks Pugwash Conferences on Science and Peace Research History Q Beginnings Quaker Peace Testimony 1990 to Present Quebec Separatist Conflict Focus of Peace Research on State Journals R Institutions Race and Conflict Peace Science and the Peace Science Society Rapoport, Anatol Peace Settlement Rebuilding Negotiation Reconciliation Implementation Recovery after Mass Crimes Spoilers Refraining and Restructuring Conflicts Peace Studies Religion and Peace Beginning and Development Religious and Ethnic Divisions: Role of Peacemaking Textbooks Religious Peace Doctrines, Comparative University Departments and Programs Repatriation, Refugees Peace Studies Association Resistance to Nazi Rule Peace Symbol Resources and Economic Conversion , History of Restorative Justice Peace through Health Richardson, Lewis Fry Peace Training Röling, Bert An Overview Rolland, Romain Assessing Success in Peacemaking Rotary International Penn, William Rotblat, Joseph People-to-People Diplomacy Royden, Maude, and the Peace Army Philosophy Russell, Bertrand Classical Philosophy Russell-Einstein Manifesto Contemporary Philosophy Russia and Peace, History of Photography Rustin, Bayard Physicians for Social Responsibility Rwanda Plans and Proposals for Peace (1815-1918) Plowshares Network Political Science and Peace Focus VOLUME 4 Postcolonialism and Peace Postcolonial Theater and Performance S Posters and Placards Safe Space Postmodern Approaches to Peace Saint-Pierre, Abbé de Post-realism and Peace in World Politics Sakharov, Andrei Post-September 11 Conflicts Sanctions, Economic Post-traumatic Stress in Peacebuilding Sanctions, Positive Poverty and Conflict Sanctuary Movement xvi LIST OF ENTRIES

Satyagraha Theater of War and Peace Save the Children Third-party Intervention Schweitzer, Albert Force in External Interventions Schwimmer, Rosika The Role of Intermediaries Science and Peace Third-party Role in Conflict Resolution Secessionist War Thompson, E. P. Security, International Threat and Fear Security and Development Tibet, Resistance to China in Sermon on the Mount Tibetan Buddhism Servas International Tolstoy, Leo Service Civil International Total War Seville Statement on Violence Tourism Sexuality and Peace Track Two Diplomacy Shanti Sena Traditions of Peace Sherif Summer Camp Study Training for Peacebuilding Small Arms Training for Peacekeepers Smoker, Paul Transitional Justice and Peace Social Injustice and Moral Exclusion Transnational Citizenship Socialist Approaches to War and Peace Transnational East-West Peace Efforts Socialist Internationalism and Peace Movements Transnational Social Movements Social-Psychological Approaches to Peace Transnational Theory Social Sciences Travel and Exchanges Society of Friends () Treaties Solidarity, Poland Tribunals and Courts, International Sorokin, Pitirim Truth and Reconciliation Commissions South Africa Anti- Struggles U Ending Apartheid Unconventional Weapons and the Challenge to Peace Policies of Reconciliation Unified Buddhist Church Southeast Asia, Nonviolence Movements in Unilateral Nuclear Disarmament Spinoza's Ideas on War and Peace Unilateral Peace Initiatives Sports, Peace, and War United Kingdom, Peace Movements in Sri Lanka, Attempts to End Civil War in Stable Peace Peace Issues and Operations State Formation and War Peacekeeping State Policy and the Influence of Peace Movements System of Roles in Peacekeeping States, Governments, and Peace Research Mediation Successes and Failures State Terror and Peace Witness System in Foreign Policies of States Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Reform Storytelling and Peace United Nations Children's Fund Strategic Bombing United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Before 1945 Organization After 1945 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Critiques United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Strategic Nuclear Weapons, Limiting Rights Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 Stuttgart Resolution United States Institute of Peace Sustainable Development United States Peace Movement as Social Movement An Overview United States Peace Movements, 1800-1945 Psychological Aspects United States Peace Movements, 1945-1956 Sustainable Environmental Behavior Universities, Peace in Sustained Dialogue Unofficial Mediation Suttner, Bertha von Utopias Swedish Peace and Arbitration Society V T Veterans' Movements and Peace Terrorism Victims of Conflict, Rehabilitation of Theater of the Oppressed Victims of Sexual Violence LIST OF ENTRIES xvii

Vietnam Women and War Buddhist Peace Movement Women in Black Post-Conflict Peacebuilding Balkans Third Way Israel-Palestine Vietnam Veterans against the War Women, Peace, and War Women's International League for Peace and Freedom Global Peace Movements Women's Peace Camps Origins and U.S. Opposition Women's Peace Movements, History of Violence Women's Peace Organizations Direct, Structural, and Cultural Violence Women's Rights Domestic Violence Women's Role in Peacemaking Violence and Social Conflict Women Strike for Peace Violent Conflict and Overreaction Woolman, John Visioning and Conflict Resolution World Court Project World Federalist Organizations W World Federalist Theory War World Federation Attraction of War World Governance Aversion to War World Health Organization Early Origins World History and the Work of Arnold Toynbee Primitive, Traditional, Modern, and Postmodern World Law, through War World Order Models War Crimes Law World Order Theory Warism World Passport Warless Societies World Social Forum "War on Terror" World Systems Theory War Profiteering World Trade Organization War Resistance and the Catholic Left World War I, Pacifism in War Resistance as a Global Phenomenon World War I and Peace Movements, 1914-1918 War Resisters' International World War II, Pacifism in Warring Parties and Communication World War II and Peace Movements, 1939-1945 Wars of National Liberation (Anticolonial and Nationalist Wright, Quincy Wars) War Y War Toys and Noncompetitive Games Yugoslavia Water Issues Causes of Integration and Disintegration Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park Disintegration through War Weapons, Prohibition of Nonalignment Weapons of Mass Destruction Free Zones and Regional Initiatives Z Legality Zones of Peace Prohibition Westphalia, Peace of Appendixes White, Ralph K. Key Documents Wilson, Woodrow Key Terms in Peace Research Witness for Peace Negotiation Terms Women and Social Change: The MSS in India Selected Key References