Revised July 2020
FACULTY OF HISTORY
READING LIST
BRITISH ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL HISTORY SINCE 1880
PAPER 11
PART I HISTORICAL TRIPOS
Note to Supervisors and Students:
This reading list is intended to provide an overview of topics which can be expected to be covered in Paper 11 lectures, supervisions and examinations. It is designed to be up-to-date and to provide broad coverage. However, supervisors may wish to add readings and cover topics not included in this list. Both supervisors and students are advised to consult past exam papers. The Paper 11 Coordinators (Professor Simon Szreter, St. John’s College, [email protected] and Lucy Delap, Murray Edwards College, [email protected]) would appreciate regular feedback from supervisors and lecturers on new literature and topics so that they may be considered for subsequent editions of the list.
Covid update: Book publications in bold are available online. Journal articles are not annotated since most are available digitally. Requests for scanning have been made to the Seeley Library and this will be a work in progress over the academic year, though copyright restrictions will mean that only one chapter or 10% of any book can be copied. Please contact the paper coordinators if you have any suggestions about texts to be purchased digitally or scanned.
* indicates items of particular importance TOPICS
1. Economic Performance, 1880-1914
2. Class in Victorian and Edwardian Britain
3. Social Problems and Social Policy, 1880-1939
4. A Consumer Society? 1880-1939
5. Fertility Decline and Marital Sexuality, 1880-1939
6. Mortality, Medicine and Health, 1880-1939
7. Gender Roles and Relations, 1880-1939
8. The First World War and its Aftermath
9. Interwar Economic Performance
10. Class in Interwar Society
11. The Second World War and its Aftermath
12. Economic Performance, 1945-1979
13. The Climax and Crisis of the Welfare State, 1939-1979
14. A Polarised Society? Britain post 1975
15. Class and Social Change since 1945
16. Gender Roles and Experiences since 1939
17. Environmental Change and Policy
18. Education
19. Faith and Belief
20. Crime and Punishment
21. Race and Immigration
22. Mass Culture
23. Youth and Youth Cultures
24. National Images: History, Modernity, Englishness, Empire
14/09/2020 2 GENERAL TEXTS
Good general surveys of the period are P. Johnson (ed.), Twentieth-Century Britain: Economic, Social and Cultural Change (1994) [TCB], and F. Carnevali and J-M. Strange (eds) Twentieth- Century Britain. Economic, Cultural and Social Change (2nd ed., 2007) [TCB2]. Although the latter is meant to be an updating of the former, they offer different perspectives and are both worth consulting (and comparing).
Other surveys of aspects of the period:
F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), The Cambridge Social History of Britain 1750-1950, 3 vols. (1990) [SHB] R. Floud & P. Johnson (eds), The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain, vol. II, 1860-1939, vol. III, 1939-2000 (3rd edition 2004) [EHB] R.Floud, J.Humphries and P.Johnson, eds, The Cambridge Economic History of Modern Britain: Volume 2, Growth and Decline, 1870 to the Present (4th edn 2014) [CEHMB]. M. Daunton (ed.), The Cambridge Urban History of Britain, vol. III, 1840-1950 (2000) [UHB] H. Perkin, The Rise of Professional Society: England since 1880 (1988) M. Daunton, Wealth and Welfare: An Economic and Social History of Britain 1851-1951 (2007) I. Zweiniger-Bargielowska (ed.), Women in Twentieth-Century Britain (2001) L. Abrams and C. Brown, A History of Everyday Life in Twentieth-Century Scotland (2010) M. Johnes, Wales since 1939 (2012) J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001) P. Clarke, Hope and Glory: Britain 1900-2000 (2004) J. Vernon, Modern Britain, 1750 to the Present (2017) C. Renwick, Bread for All: The Origins of the Welfare State (2017) P. Thane, Divided Kingdom. A history of Britain, 1900 to the Present (2018)
Important surveys which cover large parts of the period:
J. Harris, Private Lives Public Spirit: A Social History of Britain 1870-1914 (1993) G. Searle, A New England? Peace and War 1886-1918 (2004) K. Robbins (ed.), The British Isles 1901-1951 (2002) R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998) K. Burk (ed.), The British Isles since 1945 (2002) G. Bernstein, The Myth of Decline: The Rise of Britain since 1945 (2004) D. Edgerton, The Rise and Fall of the British Nation: A Twentieth-Century History (2018)
Journals which regularly publish contributions relevant to this paper:
Economic History Review (EcHR) Past and Present (P&P) Historical Journal (HJ) Journal of British Studies (JBS) History Workshop Journal (HWJ) Transactions of the Royal Historical Society (TRHS) Twentieth-Century British History (TCBH) Contemporary British History (post-1945; formerly Contemporary Record) (CBH)
Useful works of reference:
Office for National Statistics (www.statistics.gov.uk): Economic Trends (1953-), Social Trends (1970-), General Household Survey (1971-2007), now General Lifestyle Survey (2008-)
14/09/2020 3 Cultural Trends (1989-), formerly published by the Policy Studies Institute, now Routledge A.H. Halsey (ed.), Twentieth-Century British Social Trends (2000) Bibliography of British and Irish History (http://www.brepolis.net) - very specific subject and author searches can be done (from cam domain or via Raven) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (www.oxforddnb.com) - indispensable, fully searchable (from cam domain or via Raven)
Primary sources:
Although the bulk of the reading for this paper comprises secondary sources – the historical literature on the period – much can also be gained by sampling the rich primary sources for this period readily available in print and online. Suggestions for some historically-revealing novels and documentary sources are scattered throughout the reading list. In addition, the following websites can be recommended for access to visual and aural sources. http://www.screenonline.org.uk/ - film and television http://www.bfi.org.uk/inview/ - documentary film and television http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/ - film of imperial life http://www.britishpathe.com/ - newsreel, 1896-1976 http://sounds.bl.uk/ - archival sound recordings
Finally, much social and economic history – and also increasingly some cultural history – for this period is based on the many social-scientific surveys undertaken across the twentieth century. While the published reports of these surveys can often be found in the reading lists that follow, it is also possible for students to access the raw data of these surveys, often in easy and interesting ways. For one key repository for this data, see the Economic and Social Data Service (http://www.esds.ac.uk/). You can login via your Raven account. The ‘Teaching’ page (https://www.esds.ac.uk/resources/teaching.asp) offers an easy way in.
14/09/2020 4 1. Economic Performance, 1880-1914
The ‘failure’ of the late Victorian and Edwardian economy; the origins of ‘declinsim’; the impact of steam and electricity; globalization and the domestic, imperial and international markets.
General
C. Schenk, ‘Britain’s Changing Position in the International Economy’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 S.N. Broadberry, The Productivity Race: British Manufacturing in International Perspective, 1850-1990 (1997) * S.N. Broadberry, Market Services and the Productivity Race, 1850-2000: British Performance in International Perspective (2006) * N.F.R. Crafts, 'Economic growth during the long twentieth century', in Floud, Humphries & Johnson (eds), CEHMB K.H. O'Rourke, 'From Empire to Europe: Britain in the world economy', in Floud, Humphries & Johnson (eds), CEHMB
‘Decline’: Myths, Anxieties, Realities
S. Pollard, Britain’s Prime and Britain’s Decline: The British Economy, 1870-1914 (1987) * B. Supple, ‘Fear of Failing: Economic History and the Decline of Britain’, EcHR 1994 C. Feinstein, ‘Slowing Down and Falling Behind: Industrial Retardation in Britain after 1870’, in A. Digby et al. (eds), New Directions in Economic and Social History, vol. 2 (1992) P. Clarke & C. Trebilcock (eds), Understanding Decline: Perceptions and Realities of British Economic Performance (1997) J.-P. Dormois & M. Dintenfass (ed.), British Industrial Decline (1999) * S.N. Broadberry, ‘How did the United States and Germany overtake Britain?: A Sectional Analysis of Comparative Productivity Levels, 1870-1990’, Journal of Economic History 1998 * N. Crafts, ‘Long-Run Growth’, S. Broadberry, ‘Human Capital and Skills’, G.B. Magee, ‘Manufacturing and Technological Change’, T. Nicholas, ‘Enterprise and Management’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II H. Berghoff & R. Moller, ‘Tired Pioneers and Dynamic Newcomers? A Comparative Essay on English and German Entrepreneurial History, 1870-1914’, EcHR 1994 S. Broadberry, ‘Anglo-German Productivity Differences, 1870-1990: A Sectoral Analysis’, European Review of Economic History 1997 M.W. Kirby, ‘Institutional Rigidities and Economic Decline: Reflections on the British Experience’, EcHR 1992 D. Edgerton & S.M. Horrocks, ‘British Industrial Research and Development before 1945’, EcHR 1994 D. Edgerton, Science, Technology and the British Industrial ‘Decline’, 1870-1970 (1996) F. Trentmann, Free Trade Nation (2008)
Global and Imperial Contexts
* C. K. Harley, ‘Trade 1870–1939: From Globalisation to Fragmentation’, M. Edelstein, ‘Foreign Investment, Accumulation and Empire, 1860–1914’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II S.N. Broadberry & N.F.R. Crafts (eds) Britain in the International Economy (1992) K.H. O’Rourke & J.G. Williamson, Globalization and History: The Evolution of a 19th- Century Atlantic Economy (1999) M. Wilkins, ‘The Free Standing Company, 1870-1914: An Important Type of British Foreign Direct Investment’, EcHR 1988 G. Jones, Merchants to Multinationals: British Trading Companies in the 19th and 20th Centuries (2000)
14/09/2020 5 Y. Cassis, ‘Financial Elites in Three European Centres: London, Paris, Berlin, 1880s-1930s’, Business History 1991 P.K. O’Brien, ‘The Costs and Benefits of British Imperialism, 1846-1914’, P&P 1988 and debate with P. Kennedy, P&P 1989 A. Offer, ‘The British Empire, 1870-1914: A Waste of Money’, EcHR 1993 A. Offer, ‘The British Empire: Costs and Benefits, Prosperity and Security, 1870-1914’, in A.N. Porter (ed.), The Oxford History of the British Empire, vol. III: The Nineteenth Century (1999) * P.J. Cain & A.G. Hopkins, ‘Gentlemanly Capitalism and British Expansion Overseas, II: New Imperialism, 1850-1945’, EcHR 1987 M.J. Daunton, ‘Gentlemanly Capitalism and British Industry, 1820-1914’, P&P 1989, and debate with W.D. Rubinstein, P&P 1991 A. Offer, The First World War: An Agrarian Interpretation (1989) J. Belich, Replenishing the Earth: The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Anglo-World, 1783-1939 (2009), part 3 G.B. Magee and A.S. Thompson, Empire and Globalisation: Networks of People, Goods and Capital in the British World, c. 1850-1914 (2010)
14/09/2020 6
2. Class in Victorian and Edwardian Britain
The making of the modern class system?; ‘gentrification’ of the bourgeoisie; social mobility and immobility between working and middle classes; working-class culture: work, community, leisure.
General
* D. Cannadine, Class in Britain (1998), chs. 3, 4 A. Miles, ‘How Open was Nineteenth-Century British Society?: Social Mobility and Equality of Opportunity, 1839-1914’, in A. Miles & D. Vincent (eds), Building European Society: Occupational Change and Social Mobility in Europe, 1840-1940 (1993) A. Reid, Social Classes and Social Relations in Britain 1850-1914 (1992) A. Howkins, Reshaping Rural England: A Social History, 1850-1925 (1991) D.C. Coleman, ‘Gentlemen and Players’, EcHR 1973 N. McKendrick, ‘Gentlemen and Players Revisited: The Gentlemanly Ideal, The Business Ideal, and the Professional Ideal in English Literary Culture’, in N. McKendrick & R.B. Outhwaite (eds), Business Life and Public Policy (1986) P. Thompson, The Edwardians: The Remaking of British Society, 2nd ed. (1992) * M. Savage & A. Miles, The Remaking of the British Working Class, 1840-1940 (1994) A. August, The British Working Class, 1832–1940 (2007) W.D. Rubinstein, Men of Property: The Very Wealthy in Britain since the Industrial Revolution (1981) D. Cannadine, The Decline and Fall of the British Aristocracy (1990) A. Kidd and D. Nicholls, ‘Introduction: History, Culture and the Middle Classes’, in Gender, Civic Culture and Consumerism (1999) E. Hobsbawm, ‘The Making of the Working Class, 1870-1914’ in Worlds of Labour (1984) or Uncommon People (1998)
Community
* E. Ross, Love & Toil: Motherhood in Outcast London, 1870-1918 (1993) A. Davin, Growing Up Poor: Home, School and Street in London 1870-1914 (1996) R. Roberts, The Classic Slum (1971) B.S. Rowntree, Poverty: A Study of Town Life (1899) M. Pember Reeves, Round About a Pound a Week (1913), excerpted in E. Ross (ed.), Slum Travellers: Ladies and London Poverty, 1860-1920 (2007) R.Q. Gray, The Aristocracy of Labour in Nineteenth-Century Britain (1981) H. Pelling, ‘The Concept of the Labour Aristocracy’, in Pelling, Popular Politics and Society in Late Victorian Britain (1968) * A.J. Reid, ‘Intelligent Artisans and Aristocrats of Labour: The Essays of Thomas Wright’, in J. Winter (ed.), The Working Class in Modern British History (1983) G.J. Crossick, The Lower Middle Class in Britain (1977) J. Lawrence, Speaking for the People: Party, Language and Popular Politics in England, 1867- 1914 (2002), ch. 2 R.H. Trainor, Black Country Elites: The Exercise of Authority in an Industrialized Area, 1830- 1900 (1993) * S. Szreter, ‘Communication Communities’ Fertility, Class and Gender (1996), pp.546-55. D.K. Drummond, Crewe: Railway Town, Company and People, 1840-1914 (1995) T. Griffiths, The Lancashire Working Classes c. 1880-1930 (2001) * S. Pooley, ‘All we parents want is that our children's health and lives should be regarded’: Child Health and Parental Concern in England, c. 1860–1910’ Social History of Medicine (2010) S. Koven, Slumming: Sexual and Social Politics in Victorian London (2004) S. Koven, The Match Girl and the Heiress (2014)
14/09/2020 7 E. Buettner, Empire families: Britons and late imperial India (2004) J. Hyslop, ‘The Imperial Working Class Makes Itself White: White Labourism in Britain, Australia, and South Africa before the First World War’ Journal of Historical Geography (1999)
Work and Leisure
J. Harris, Private Lives Public Spirit: A Social History of Britain 1870-1914 (1993), ch. 5 M. Savage, ‘Career Mobility and Class Formation: British Banking Workers and the Lower Middle Classes’, in A. Miles & D. Vincent (eds), Building European Society: Occupational Change and Social Mobility in Europe, 1840-1940 (1993) C.J. Wrigley (ed.), A History of British Industrial Relations 1875-1914 (1982) C. Chinn, They Worked All Their Lives: Women of the Urban Poor 1880-1939 (1988) E. Roberts, Women’s Work 1840-1940 (1988) * P. Johnson, Saving and Spending: The Working Class Economy in Britain 1870-1939 (1985) T. Alborn, ‘Senses of Belonging: The Politics of Working-Class Insurance in Britain, 1880-1914’, Journal of Modern History 2001 * R. McKibbin, ‘Working-Class Gambling in Britain 1880-1939’ and ‘Work and Hobbies in Britain 1880-1950’, in McKibbin, The Ideologies of Class: Social Relations in Britain 1880-1950 (1990) P. Joyce, Visions of the People: Industrial England and the Question of Class 1848-1914 (1991) C. Waters, British Socialists and the Politics of Popular Culture 1884-1914 (1990) T. Mason, Association Football and English Society, 1863-1915 (1979) J. Lowerson, Sport and the English Middle Classes, 1870-1914 (1993) C. Bressey, 'Looking for Work: The Black Presence in Britain, 1860-1920' Immigrants and Minorities (2010) L. Tabili, Global Migrants, Local Culture: Natives and Newcomers in Provincial England, 1841-1939 (2011)
14/09/2020 8
3. Social Problems and Social Policy, 1880-1939
The growth of the State: national efficiency, New Liberalism, socialism; social conditions and their investigation: unemployment, poverty, health and housing; social reform and philanthropy.
Overviews
* J. Harris, Private Lives Public Spirit: A Social History of Britain 1870-1914 (1993), chs 2, 7-8 M. Daunton (ed.), UHB, vol. III, esp. chs 1, 7, 9, 11, 12, 14-16 P. Thane, ‘Government and Society in England and Wales, 1750-1914’, and J. Harris, ‘Society and the State in 20th-Century Britain’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), SHB, vol. III M. Daunton, ‘The role of the state: taxation, citizenship and welfare reforms’ in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 M. Levine-Clark, Unemployment, Welfare, and Masculine Citizenship: Britain, 1870-1930 (2015) B. Harris, Origins of the British Welfare State (2004) G. Searle, A New England? Peace and War 1886-1918 (2004), chs 6, 11 P. Thane (ed.), The Origins of British Social Policy (1978) A. Crowther, Social Policy in Britain 1914-1939 (1988) D. Vincent, Poor Citizens: The State and the Poor in Twentieth-Century Britain (1991) J. Vernon, Hunger: A Modern History (2007) P. Baldwin, The Politics of Social Solidarity: Class Bases of the European Welfare State 1875-1975 (1990), chs 1-2 J.E. Cronin, The Politics of State Expansion: War, State and Society in 20th-Century Britain (1991) P. Johnson, ‘Risk, Redistribution and Social Welfare in Britain from the Poor Law to Beveridge’, in M. Daunton (ed.), Charity, Self-Interest and Welfare (1996) * M.J. Daunton, ‘Payment and Participation: Welfare and State-Formation in Britain, 1900-1951’, P&P 1996 * S. Koven & S. Michel, ‘Womanly Duties: Maternalist Policies and the Origins of the Welfare State in France, Germany, Great Britain and the United States, 1880-1920’, American Historical Review 1990 * J. Harris, ‘Political Thought and the Welfare State, 1870-1940’, P&P 135 (1992) R. Davidson & R. Lowe, ‘Bureaucracy and Innovation in British Welfare Policy 1870-1945’, in W.J. Mommsen (ed.), The Emergence of the Welfare State in Britain and Germany 1850-1950 (1981)
Social Conditions
R. McKibbin, ‘Class and Poverty in Edwardian England’, in McKibbin, The Ideologies of Class: Social Relations in Britain 1880-1950 (1990) P. Johnson, Saving and Spending: The Working Class Economy in Britain 1870-1939 (1985) E. Griffin, Bread Winner: An Intimate History of the Victorian Economy (2020) B.S. Rowntree, Poverty: A Study of Town Life (1899) E. Ross, Love and Toil: Motherhood in Outcast London, 1870-1918 (1993) A. John (ed.), Unequal Opportunities: Women’s Employment 1800-1918 (1986) M. Daunton, House and Home in the Victorian City: Working-Class Housing 1850-1914 (1983) C.G. Pooley (ed.), Housing Strategies in Europe 1880-1930 (1992), chs 1, 4 R. Floud et al., Height, Health, and History: Nutritional Status in the United Kingdom, 1750-1980 (1990) S. Szreter, ‘Mortality and Public Health 1815-1914’, in A. Digby et al. (eds), New Directions in Economic and Social History, vol. II (1992) J.M. Winter, ‘The Decline of Mortality in Britain, 1870-1950’, in T. Barker & M. Drake (eds), Population and Society in Britain (1982)
14/09/2020 9 Social Policy
J.R. Hay, The Origins of the Liberal Welfare Reforms 1906-1914 (1975) G. Searle, The Quest for National Efficiency (1971) J. Harris, William Beveridge: A Biography, 2nd ed. (1997) R. Davidson, ‘The Board of Trade and Industrial Relations, 1896-1914’, HJ 21 (1978) J. Harris, Unemployment and Politics, 1886-1914 (1972) B. Harris, ‘Unemployment and the Dole in Interwar Britain’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB * P. Thane, ‘The Working Class and State ‘Welfare’ in Britain, 1880-1914’, HJ 1984 * M. Pugh, ‘Working-Class Experience and State Social Welfare, 1908-1914: Old-Age Pensions Reconsidered’, HJ 2002 P. Thane, ‘Women in the British Labour Party and the Construction of State Welfare, 1906-1939’, in S. Koven & S. Michel (eds), Mothers of a New World (1993) * J. Harris, ‘Did British Workers Want the Welfare State?’, in J.M. Winter (ed.), The Working Class in Modern British History (1983) S. Szreter, ‘The Importance of Social Intervention in Britain’s Mortality Decline, 1850-1914: A Reinterpretation’, Social History of Medicine 1988 P. Baldwin, Contagion and the State in Europe 1830-1930 (1999) D. Dwork, War Is Good for Babies & Other Young Children: A History of the Infant and Child Welfare Movement in England 1898-1918 (1987) P.M. Thane, ‘The Debate on the Declining Birth-Rate in Britain: The “Menace” of an Ageing Population, 1920s-1950s’, Continuity and Change 1990 M. Thomson, The Problem of Mental Deficiency: Eugenics, Democracy and Social Policy in Britain, c.1870-1959 (1998) M. Wiener, Reconstructing the Criminal: Culture, Law and Policy in England, 1830-1914 (1990), chs 4-9 S. Pedersen, Family, Dependence and the Origins of the Welfare State: Britain and France 1914-1945 (1993) S. Pedersen, ‘Eleanor Rathbone’ in S. Pedersen & P. Mandler (eds), After the Victorians (1994) D. Thom, ‘Wishes, Anxieties, Play and Gestures: Child Guidance in Inter-War England’, in R. Cooter (ed.), In the Name of the Child: Health and Welfare 1880-1940 (1992) N. Whiteside, ‘Private Provision and Public Welfare: Health Insurance Between the Wars’, in D.Gladstone (ed.), Before Beveridge: Welfare Before the Welfare State (1999) J.M. Winter, ‘Public Health and the Extension of Life 1901-60’, in M. Keynes (ed.), The Political Economy of Health and Welfare (1988) * C. Webster, ‘Health, Welfare and Unemployment During the Depression’, P&P 1985 C.G. Pooley, ‘England and Wales’, in Pooley (ed.), Housing Strategies in Europe 1880-1930 (1992) R. Shilliam, Race and the Undeserving Poor (2018), chs. 3, 4. L. Bland and L. Hall ‘Eugenics in Britain: The View from The Metropole’ in Bashford and Levine, eds., The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics (2010)
See also 6. Mortality, Medicine and Health, 1870-1945
14/09/2020 10 4. A Consumer Society?, 1880-1939
Standards and definitions: disposable income, new goods and new markets, conspicuous consumption; consumption and the city; consumption and gender; the ‘citizen consumer’.
Overviews
* P. Gurney, The Making of Consumer Culture in Modern Britain (2017), parts 2-3 P. Scott, The Making of the Modern British Home: The Suburban Semi and Family Life Between the Wars (2013), esp. ch. 9. P. Scott, The Market Makers: Creating Mass Markets for Consumer Durables in Inter-War Britain (2017) * S. Bowden, ‘The New Consumerism’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB P. Scott, ‘Consumption, Consumer Credit and the Diffusion of Consumer Durables’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 A. Offer, ‘Consumption and affluence c.1870-2010’, in Floud, Humphries & Johnson (eds), CEHMB, vol. II Ian Gazeley, ‘Income and Living Standards’, in Floud, Humphries & Johnson (eds), CEHMB, vol. II G. Boyer, ‘Living Standards, 1860–1939’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II M. Hilton, Consumerism in Twentieth-Century Britain (2003), part I R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), chs 3, 5
Consumer Goods and Experiences
D.J. Oddy, ‘Food, drink and nutrition’, and H. Cunningham, ‘Leisure and culture’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), Cambridge Social History of Britain 1750-1950, vol. II (1990) J. Benson & G. Shaw (eds), The Evolution of Retail Systems, c. 1800-1914 (1992) * P. Johnson, Saving and Spending: The Working-Class Economy in Britain 1870-1939 (1985) J. Bourke, Working-Class Cultures in Britain 1890-1960 (1994), chs 3-4 A. Briggs, Victorian Things (1988) E. Rappaport, A Thirst for Empire: How Tea Shaped the Modern World (2017) L. Ugolini, Men and Menswear: Sartorial Consumption in Britain, 1880-1939 (2007) M. Hilton, Smoking in British Popular Culture, 1800-2000 (2000) C. Ehrlich, The Piano: A History, rev. ed. (1990), esp. chs 5, 10 J. Nott, Music for the People: Popular Music and Dance in Interwar Britain (2002) T. Logan, The Victorian Parlour (2001) S. Muthesius, The English Terraced House (1982) A.A. Jackson, Semi-Detached London (1991) S. Barson, ‘Infinite Variety in Brick and Stucco, 1840-1914’, in A. Saint et al., London Suburbs (1999) D.S. Ryan, The Ideal Home Through the 20th Century (1997), ch. 1-3 S. Bowden & A. Offer, ‘Household Appliances and the Use of Time: The United States and Britain since the 1920s’, EcHR 1994, and debate with B. Fine, EcHR 1999 * P. Scott, ‘The Twilight World of Interwar British Hire Purchase’, P&P 2002 J. Bengry, ‘Courting the Pink Pound: Men Only and the Queer Consumer, 1935-39’, History Workshop Journal (2009)
Cultures of Consumption
M. Hilton, ‘The Fable of the Sheep, or Private Virtues, Public Vices: The Consumer Revolution of the Twentieth Century’, P&P 2002 P. Johnson, ‘Conspicuous Consumption and Working-Class Culture in Late Victorian and Edwardian Britain’, TRHS 1988
14/09/2020 11 T. Alborn, ‘Senses of Belonging: The Politics of Working-Class Insurance in Britain, 1880-1914’, Journal of Modern History 2001 L.A. Loeb, Consuming Angels: Advertising and Victorian Women (1994) * E. Rappaport, Shopping for Pleasure: Women in the Making of London’s West End (2000) * J.R. Walkowitz, Nights Out: Life in Cosmopolitan London (2012) B. Shannon, ‘ReFashioning Men: Fashion, Masculinity and the Cultivation of the Male Consumer in Britain, 1860-1914’, VS 2004 C. Breward, The Hidden Consumer: Masculinities, Fashion and City Life 1860-1914 (1999) R. Gagnier, The Insatiability of Human Wants: Economics and Aesthetics in Market Society (2000), chs 1-4 M. Hilton, ‘Advertising the Modernist Aesthetic of the Marketplace? The Cultural Relationship Between the Tobacco Manufacturer and the ‘Mass’ of Consumers in Britain, 1870-1940’, in M. Daunton & B. Rieger (eds), Meanings of Modernity (2001) F. Trentmann, ‘Bread, Milk and Democracy in Modern Britain: Consumption and Citizenship in Twentieth-Century Britain’, in M. Daunton & M. Hilton (eds), The Politics of Consumption (2001) F. Trentmann, ‘Civil Society, Commerce and “the Citizen-Consumer”’, in Trentmann (ed.), Paradoxes of Civil Society: New Perspectives on the Evolution of Civil Society in Modern Britain and Germany (2000) D. Holland, ‘Toffee Men, Travelling Drapers and Black-Market Perfumers–South Asian Networks of Petty Trade in Early Twentieth Century Britain’, Twentieth Century British History (2019)
14/09/2020 12 5. Fertility Decline and Marital Sexuality, 1880-1939
The demographic transition and the decline of fertility; diverse class and regional fertility and sexual cultures; sex and birth control in practice and in public discourse.
Overviews
J. Harris, Private Lives Public Spirit: A Social History of Britain 1870-1914 (1993), chs 2-3 M. Anderson, ‘The Social Implications of Demographic Change’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), CSB, vol. II S. Szreter, ‘The Idea of Demographic Transition: A Critical Intellectual History’, Population and Development Review 1993 S. Szreter and K.Fisher, Sex Before the Sexual Revolution. Intimate Life in England 1918-63 (2010), ch.1. R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), ch. 8 Debenham, Clare, Birth Control and the Rights of Women, Post-Suffrage Feminism in the Early Twentieth Century, London and New York (2014) L. Sigel, Making Modern Love: Sexual Narratives and Identities in Interwar Britain (2012)
Changing Fertility
J.A. Banks, Prosperity and Parenthood (1954) J.R. Gillis et al. (eds), The European Experience of Declining Fertility: A Quiet Revolution, 1850- 1970 (1992) W. Seccombe, ‘Starting to Stop: Working Class Fertility Decline in Britain’, P&P 1990, and debate with R. Woods, P&P 1992 J.A. Banks, Victorian Values: Secularism and the Size of Families (1981) R.A. Soloway, Birth Control and the Population Question in England 1877-1930 (1982) * S. Szreter, Fertility, Class and Gender in Britain 1860-1940 (1996), pp. 45-61, 310-22, 350-66, 513- 58. B. Reay, Microhistories: Demography, Society and Culture in Rural England, 1800-1939 (1996), chs.2,7. K. Fisher and S. Szreter, ‘“They Prefer Withdrawal’: The Choice of Birth Control in Britain, 1918- 1950’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2003 M. Rothery, ‘The Reproductive Behavior of the English Landed Gentry in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries’, JBS 2009 R. Lestheaghe and C. Wilson, ‘Modes of Production, Secularization and the Pace of the Fertility Decline in Western Europe 1870-1930’, in A.J. Coale and S.C. Watkins (eds), The Decline of Fertility in Europe (1986) M. Anderson & D.J. Morse, ‘High Fertility, High Emigration, Low Nuptiality: Scotland’s Demographic Experience, 1861-1914’, Population Studies 1993 C. Ó Gráda & N. Duffy, ‘The Fertility Transition in Ireland and Scotland c.1880-1930’, in S.J. Connolly et al. (eds), Conflict, Identity and Economic Development: Ireland and Scotland, 1600-1939 (1995) * S. Pooley, ‘All we parents want is that our children's health and lives should be regarded’: Child Health and Parental Concern in England, c. 1860–1910’ Social History of Medicine (2010) * S.K. Pooley, ‘Parenthood, child-rearing and fertility in England, 1850-1914’, History of the Family, 18:1 (2013), pp. 83-106 S. Szreter, ‘Fertility, social class, gender and the professional model: statistical explanation and historical significance’ EcHR (2015) M. Anderson, Scotland’s Populations (2018), ch. 14
Sexual behaviour, family planning and marriage
14/09/2020 13 S. Szreter, Fertility, Class and Gender in Britain 1860-1940 (1996), pp. 367-71, 389-439, 558-78. * K. Fisher, ‘“She was quite satisfied with the arrangements I made”: Gender and Birth Control in Britain, 1920-1950’, P&P 2000 K. Fisher, Birth Control, Sex, and Marriage in Britain 1918-1960 (2006) * S. Szreter and K. Fisher, Sex Before the Sexual Revolution. Intimate Life in England 1918-1963 (2010), chs.2-3, 6. J. Weeks, Sex, Politics and Society: the Regulation of Sexuality since 1800, 2nd ed. (1993) J. Walkowitz, Prostitution and Victorian Society (1980) P. Howell, ‘A Private Contagious Diseases Act: Prostitution and Public Space in Victorian Cambridge’, Journal of Historical Geography 2000 A. Bingham, Family Newspapers? : Sex, Private Life, and the British Popular Press 1918-1978 (2009) * H. Cook, The Long Sexual Revolution: English Women, Sex, and Contraception 1800-1975 (2004), pt. II H. Cook, ‘Emotion, Bodies, Sexuality, and Sex Education in Edwardian England’, HJ 2012 R. Porter & L.A. Hall, The Facts of Life: The Creation of Sexual Knowledge in Britain, 1650-1950 (1995), pt. II G.Frost, ‘”The black lamb of the black sheep”: Illegitimacy in the English working-class, 1850-1939’ Journal of Social History 2003 M. Collins, Modern Love: An Intimate History of Men and Women in Twentieth Century Britain (2003), part I J. Laite, Common Prostitutes and Ordinary Citizens: Commercial Sex in London, 1885-1960 (2011) J. Weeks & K. Porter (eds), Between the Acts: Lives of Homosexual Men 1885-1967, 2nd ed. (1998) * L.A. Hall, Sex, Gender and Social Change in Britain since 1880 (2000) L.A. Hall, Hidden Anxieties: Male Sexuality, 1900-1950 (1991) C. Davey, ‘Birth Control in Britain during the Interwar Years: Evidence from the Stopes Correspondence’, Journal of Family History 1988 D. A. Cohen, ‘Private Lives in Public Spaces: Marie Stopes, The Mothers’ Clinics and the Practice of Contraception’, HWJ 1993 S. S. Brooke, Sexual Politics: Sexuality, Family Planning and the British Left from the 1880s to the Present Day (2011) Makepeace, Clare, ‘To What Extent was the Relationship Between Feminists and the Eugenics Movement a ‘Marriage of Convenience’ in the Interwar Years?’ Journal of International Women's Studies, 11(3), 2009, p. 66-80. T. W. Jones, Sexual Politics in the Church of England 1857-1957 (2013), chs.1,3,5. S. Morgan, ‘Sex and Common-Sense: Maude Royden, Religion, and Modern Sexuality’, JBS (2013) L. Sigel, Making Modern Love (2102), ch.2. C. Rusterholz, ‘English and French Women Doctors in International Debates on Contraception (1920- 1935)’, Social History of Medicine 31 (2018), pp. 328-347.
See also 7. Gender Roles and Relations, 1880-1939
14/09/2020 14
6. Mortality, Medicine and Health, 1870-1939
The demographic transition and the decline of mortality; social medicine and public health; health insurance and public provision; the decline of eugenics; psychology and mental health.
Overviews
S. Szreter and A. Hardy, ‘Urban Mortality Patterns’, in Daunton (ed.), UHB J.M. Winter, ‘The Decline of Mortality in Britain, 1870-1950’, in T. Barker & M. Drake (eds), Population and Society in Britain (1982) J.M. Winter, ‘Public Health and the Extension of Life 1901-60’, in M. Keynes (ed.), The Political Economy of Health and Welfare (1988) C. Webster, ‘Health, Welfare and Unemployment During the Depression’, P&P 1985 * S. Szreter, Health and Wealth: Studies in History and Policy (2005), chs.1,4,7,9,10. J.C. Riley, ‘Why Sickness and Death Rates Do Not Move Parallel To One Another Over Time’, Social History of Medicine 1999 and debate, same vol. R. Millward & F.N. Bell, ‘Economic Factors in the Decline of Mortality in Late Nineteenth Century Britain’, European Review of Economic History 1998 * L. Beier, For Their Own Good: The Transformation of English Working-Class Health Culture, 1880-1970 (2008) * B. Harrris, ‘Health and Welfare’ in Floud, Humphries & Johnson (eds), CEHMB, vol. II.
Infant Mortality
N. Williams & G. Mooney, ‘Infant Mortality in an “Age of Great Cities”: London and the English Provincial Cities Compared, c.1840-1910’, Continuity and Change 1994 A. Reid, ‘Locality or Class? Spatial and Social Differentials in Infant and Child Mortality in England and Wales, 1895-1911’, in C.A. Corsini & P. Viazzo (eds), The Decline of Infant and Child Mortality: The European Experience 1750-1990 (1997) D. Graham, ‘Female Employment and Infant Mortality: Some Evidence from British Towns, 1911, 1931 and 1951’, Continuity and Change 1994 * I. Buchanan, ‘Infant Feeding, Sanitation and Diarrhoea in Colliery Communities 1880-1911’, in D.J. Oddy and D.S. Miller (eds), Diet and health in Modern Britain (1985) * V. Fildes, ‘Infant Feeding Practices and Infant Mortality in England, 1900-1919’, Continuity and Change 1998 * N. Morgan, ‘Infant Mortality, Flies and Horses in Later Nineteenth-Century Towns: A Case Study of Preston’, Continuity and Change 2002 B. Reay, Microhistories: Demography, Society and Culture in Rural England, 1800-1939 (1996), ch.3 S. Pooley, ‘All we parents want is that our children's health and lives should be regarded’: Child Health and Parental Concern in England, c. 1860–1910’ Social History of Medicine (2010)
Medicine and Public Health
V. Berridge, ‘Health and Medicine’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), SHB, vol. 3 * A. Hardy, Health and Medicine in Britain since 1860 (2001) A. Hardy, The Epidemic Streets: Infectious Disease and the Rise of Preventive Medicine 1856- 1900 (1993) F. Bell and R. Millward, ‘Public Health Expenditures and Mortality in England and Wales, 1870- 1914’, Continuity and Change 1998 S. Sheard, ‘Profit is a Dirty Word: The Development of Public Baths and Wash-houses in Britain 1847-1915’, Social History of Medicine 2000 F. Mort, Dangerous Sexualities: Medico-Moral Politics in England since 1830, 2nd ed. (2000) D. Porter, ‘Social Medicine and the New Society: Medicine and Scientific Humanism in Mid- Twentieth Century Britain’, Journal of Historical Sociology 1996
14/09/2020 15 * A.S. Wohl, Endangered Lives: Public Health in Victorian Britain (1983) P. Baldwin, Contagion and the State in Europe 1830-1930 (1999) H. Jones, Health and Society in Twentieth-Century Britain (1994) D. Porter, ‘“Enemies of the Race”: Biologism, Environmentalism and Public Health in Edwardian England’, Victorian Studies 1991 * M. Thomson, Psychological Subjects: Identity, Culture and Health in Twentieth-Century Britain (2006), esp. pt. II N. Whiteside, ‘Private Provision and Public Welfare: Health Insurance Between the Wars’, in D.Gladstone (ed.), Before Beveridge: Welfare Before the Welfare State (1999) P. Bridgen, ‘Voluntary Failure, the Middle Classes, and the Nationalisation of the British Voluntary Hospitals, 1900-1946’, in B. Harris and P. Bridgen (eds), Charity and Mutual Aid in Europe and North America since 1800 (2006) Michael Worboys, Spreading Germs. Disease Theories and Medical Practice in Britain 1865-1900 (2000) I. Zweiniger-Bargielowska, ‘The Culture of the Abdomen: Obesity and Reducing in Britain, c. 1900- 39’, JBS 2005 S. Thompson, Unemployment, Poverty and Health in Interwar South Wales (2006) J. Greenlees, ‘The dangers attending these conditions are evident’: Public Health and the Working Environment of Lancashire Textile Communities, c.1870–1939’ Social History of Medicine (2013) G. Mooney, Intrusive Interventions. Public Health, Domestic Space and Infectious Disease Surveillance in England, 1840-1914 (2015). T. Crook, Governing Systems, Modernity and the Making of Public Health in England, 1830- 1914 (2016) S. Mukherjee, 'A warning against quack doctors': The Old Bailey trial of Indian oculists, 1893’, Historical Research, (2013) A. Hardy, Salmonella Infections, Networks of Knowledge and Public Health in Britain 1880- 1975 (2015) Jonathan Chapman, ‘The Contribution of Infrastructure Investment to Britain’s Urban Mortality Decline: Evidence from England and Wales, 1861-1900’, EcHR (2018)
See also 3. Social Problems and Social Policy, 1880-1939 5. Sexuality and Fertility, 1880-1939
14/09/2020 16 7. Gender Roles and Relations, 1880-1939
Gender relations and emotional intimacy in families, marriages, leisure and workplaces before the Second World War; feminism; violence; gender and adolescence; masculinities
Overviews
* S. Szreter and K. Fisher, Sex Before the Sexual Revolution. Intimate Life in England 1918- 1963 (2010), chs.1, 4-5,8. * C. Langhamer, The English in Love (2013) M. Collins, Modern Love: An Intimate History of Men and Women in Twentieth Century Britain (2003), part I P. Thane, ‘The Social, Economic and Political Status of Women’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB J. Bourke, Working-Class Cultures in Britain 1890-1960 (1994), chs 2-4 * M. Pugh, ‘Suffrage and Citizenship’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 Alana Harris and Timothy Willem Jones (eds.), Love and Romance in Britain 1918-1970 (2015)
Marriage and Family Life
D. Cohen, Family Secrets: Living with Shame from the Victorians to the Present Day (2013) L. Davidoff et al, The Family Story: Blood, Contract, and Intimacy, 1830-1960 (1999) L. Davidoff, Thicker than Water. Siblings and Their Relations 1780-1920 (2011) J.R. Gillis, For Better, For Worse: British Marriages, 1600 to the Present (1985), pts. III & IV A.J. Hammerton, Cruelty and Companionship: Conflict in Nineteenth-Century Married Life (1992) K. Holden, The Shadow of Marriage: Singleness in England, 1914-60 (2007) S. D’Cruze (ed.), Everyday Violence in Britain, 1850-1950: Gender and Class (1999) J. Lewis (ed.), Labour & Love: Women’s Experience of Home and Family 1850-1914 (1986) E. Ross, Love & Toil: Motherhood in Outcast London 1870-1918 (1993) A.J. Hammerton, ‘Pooterism or Partnership?: Marriage and Masculine Identity in the Lower Middle Class, 1870-1920’, JBS 1999 P. Jalland, Death and the Victorian Family (1996) M.L. Shanley, Feminism, Marriage and the Law in Victorian England (1989) M. Llewellyn Davies (ed.), Maternity: Letters from Working Women (1915) S. Alexander, ‘Becoming a Woman in London in the 1920s and ‘30s’, in Alexander, Becoming a Woman (1994) S. Horrell & D. Oxley, ‘Crust or Crumb? Intrahousehold Resource Allocation and Male Breadwinning in Late Victorian Britain’, EcHR 1999 S. Todd, Young Women, Work, and Family in England 1918-1950 (2005), esp. ch. 7 L. Delap, B. Griffin, and A. Wills (eds), The Politics of Domestic Authority in Britain since 1800 (2009) * A. Bingham, ‘An Era of Domesticity? Histories of Women and Gender in Interwar Britain’, Cultural and Social History 2004 M. Lane, ‘Not the Boss of One Another: A Reinterpretation of Working-Class Marriage in England, 1900 to 1970’, Cultural and Social History (2014) L. Tabili, Global Migrants, Local Culture: Natives and Newcomers in Provincial England, 1841- 1939, (2011), ch. 6
Sexual Politics
H. Glew, Gender, rhetoric and regulation: women’s work in the civil service and the London County Council, 1900-55 (2016) P. Cox, Bad Girls in Britain: Gender, justice and welfare 1900-1950 (2002)
14/09/2020 17 P. Thane and T. Evans, Sinners? Scroungers? Saints? Unmarried Motherhood in Twentieth Century England (2012) Adrian Bingham, Gender, Modernity, and the Popular Press in Inter-War Britain (2004). F. Mort, Dangerous Sexualities: Medico-Moral Politics in England since 1830, 2nd ed. (2000) * H. Cook, The Long Sexual Revolution: English Women, Sex, and Contraception 1800-1975 (2004), chs 4-8 C. Dyhouse, Feminism and the Family in England 1880-1939 (1991) M. Vicinus, Independent Women: Work and Community for Single Women 1850-1920 (1985) S.K. Kent, Sex and Suffrage in Britain 1860-1914 (1987) L. Bland, Banishing the Beast: English Feminism and Sexual Morality 1885-1914 (1995) D. Thom, Nice Girls and Rude Girls: Women Workers in World War I (1998) J. Bourke, Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War (1996) S.K. Kent, Making Peace: The Reconstruction of Gender in Interwar Britain (1993) S. Pedersen, ‘National Bodies, Unspeakable Acts: The Sexual Politics of Colonial Policy- Making’, Journal of Modern History 1991 B. Melman, Women and the Popular Imagination in the Twenties (1988) A. Webb, ‘Constructing the Gendered Body: Girls, Health, Beauty, Advice, and the Girls’ Best Friend, 1898–99’, Women’s History Review 2006 I. Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Managing the Body: Women, Health and Fitness in Britain 1880- 1939 (2010) S. Szreter and K. Fisher, Sex Before the Sexual Revolution. Intimate Life in England 1918-1963 (2010), ch.7 ‘Bodies’. J. Walkowitz, City of Dreadful Delight: Narratives of Sexual Danger in Late Victorian London (1990), and roundtable in Journal of Victorian Culture 1997 * M. Francis, ‘The Domestication of the Male? Recent Research on Nineteenth and Twentieth-Century British Masculinity’, HJ 2002 M. Roper & J. Tosh (eds), Manful Assertions: Masculinities in Britain since 1800 (1991) H. Hendrick, Images of Youth: Age, Class and the Male Youth Problem, 1880-1920 (1990) B. Reay, ‘Writing the Modern Histories of Homosexual England’, HJ 2009 J. Weeks, Sex, Politics and Society: the Regulation of Sexuality since 1800, 2nd ed. (1993) * M. Houlbrook, Queer London: Perils and Pleasures in the Sexual Metropolis 1918-1957 (2005) S. Brady, Masculinity and Male Homosexuality in Britain, 1861-1913 (2005) Helen Smith, Masculinity, Class and Same-Sex Desire in Industrial England, 1895-1957 (2015)
Feminisms
S. Kingsley Kent ‘The Politics of Sexual Difference: World War One and the Demise of British Feminism’ JBS, (1988) C. Beaumont, Caitriona, ‘Citizens not Feminists: The Boundaries Negotiated between Citizenship and Feminism by Mainstream Women’s Organisations in England, 1928-29’, Women’s History Review (2000) B. Harrison, Prudent Revolutionaries. Portraits of British feminists between the Wars. (1987) M. Wright, The Women’s Emancipation Union and Radical-Feminist Politics in Britain, 1891-99, Gender and History, (2010) C. Bressey, ‘Geographies of Belonging: White Women and Black History’, Women’s History Review, (2013) L. Delap, The Feminist Avant-Garde: Transatlantic encounters of the early twentieth century (2007) See also 5. Sexuality and Fertility, 1880-1939
Masculinities
M. Francis, ‘The Domestication of the Male? Recent Research on Nineteenth and Twentieth-Century British Masculinity’, HJ 2002 J. Bourke, Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War (1996)
14/09/2020 18 M. Roper & J. Tosh (eds), Manful Assertions: Masculinities in Britain since 1800 (1991) H. Hendrick, Images of Youth: Age, Class and the Male Youth Problem, 1880-1920 (1990) A.J. Hammerton, ‘Pooterism or partnership? Marriage and masculine identity in the lower middle class, 1870-1920’ JBS 38 (1999) N. Ellenberger, ‘Constructing George Wyndham: narratives of aristocratic masculinity in fin-de-siecle England’, JBS 39 (2000) R. Johnston, A. McIvor, ‘Dangerous Work, Hard Men and Broken Bodies: Masculinity in the Clydeside Heavy Industries, C. 1930-1970s’, Labour History Review, (2004) Lesley Hall, ‘Impotent ghosts from no-man’s land, flapper’s boyfriends, or crypto-patriarchs? Men, sex and social change in 1920s Britain’, Social History (1996) *J. Lawrence, ‘Forging a peaceable kingdom: war, violence and fear of brutalization in post-First World War Britain’, Journal of Modern History (2003). *M. Roper, ‘Between manliness and masculinity: the “war generation” and the psychology of fear in Britain, 1914-50’, JBS (2005) L. King, Family Men: Fatherhood and Masculinity in Britain, 1914-1960 (2015) A. McLaren, Playboys & Mayfair Men. Crime, class, masculinity and Fascism in 1930s London (2017)
See also 5.Fertility Decline and Marital Sexuality, 1880-1939; 10. Class in Interwar Society
14/09/2020 19 8. The First World War and its Aftermath
The origins of the war and reactions to its outbreak; at the front: morale, shellshock, class and nation; at home: labour, social reform, gender; legacies: memory, gender, nation, pacifism.
General
* A. Gregory, The Last Great War: British Society and the First World War (2008) J. Watson, Fighting Different Wars: Experience, Memory, and the First World War in Britain (2004) J.M. Winter, The Great War and the British People (1986) * J. Lawrence, ‘The First World War and its Aftermath’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB J. Greaves, ‘The First World War and its Aftermath’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 J. Turner (ed.), Britain and the First World War (1988) J.M. Bourne, Britain and the Great War (1989), part III N. Ferguson, The Pity of War (1998), chs 9-12 A. Offer, The First World War: An Agrarian Interpretation (1989) S. Paseta, Ireland and the Great War: ‘A War to Unite Us All’? (2002)
War Front
J. Bourke, Dismembering the Male: Men’s Bodies, Britain and the Great War (1996) J.G. Fuller, Troop Morale and Popular Culture in the British and Dominion Armies, 1914-1918 (1991) * H.P. Cecil & P.H. Liddle (eds), Facing Armageddon: The First World War Experienced (1996), esp. essays by Bourne and Sheffield M. Stone, ‘Shellshock and the Psychologists’, in W.F. Bynum (ed.), The Anatomy of Madness, vol. II (1985) J.M. Winter, ‘Shell-shock and the Cultural History of the Great War’, Journal of Contemporary History 2000 * S. Koven, ‘Remembering and Dismemberment: Crippled Children, Wounded Soldiers, and the Great War in Great Britain’, American Historical Review 1994 K. Robert, ‘Gender, Class, and Patriotism: Women's Paramilitary Units in First World War Britain’, International History Review 1997 D. Fitzpatrick, ‘The Logic of Collective Sacrifice: Ireland and the British Army, 1914-1918’, HJ 1995
Home Front
S. Constantine et al. (eds), The First World War in British History (1995) C. Pennell, A Kingdom United: Popular Responses to the Outbreak of the First World War in Britain and Ireland (2012) * A. Marwick, The Deluge: British Society and the First World War, 2nd ed. (1991) A. Milward, The Economic Effects of the Two World Wars on Britain, 2nd ed. (1984) G. de Groot, Back in Blighty: The British at Home in World War One A. Reid, ‘The Impact of the First World War on British Workers’, in R. Wall & J.M. Winter (eds), The Upheaval of War: Family, Work and Welfare in Europe, 1914-1918 (1988) C.J. Wrigley, ‘The First World War and State Intervention in Industrial Relations’, in C.J. Wrigley (ed.), A History of British Industrial Relations 1914-1939 (1987) A.J. Reid, ‘Dilution, Trade Unionism and the State in Britain during the First World War’, in S. Tolliday & J. Zeitlin (eds), Shop Floor Bargaining and the State (1985) M.J. Daunton, ‘How to Pay for the War: State, Society and Taxation in Britain, 1917-24’, English Historical Review 1996 P. Abrams, ‘The Failure of Social Reform, 1918-1920’, P&P 1963 J.M. Winter & J.-L.Robert, Capital Cities at War: Paris, London, Berlin 1914-1919 (1997) G. Robb, British Culture and the First World War (2002)
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S. Grayzel, Women’s Identities at War: Gender, Motherhood and Politics in Britain and France During the First World War (1999) G. Braybon & P. Summerfield, Out of the Cage: Women’s Experiences in Two World Wars (1987) * D. Thom, Nice Girls and Rude Girls: Women Workers in World War I (1998) * N.F. Gullace, The Blood of Our Sons: Men, Women, and the Renegotiation of British Citizenship during the Great War (2002)
Memory
* P. Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory (1975) S. Hynes, A War Imagined: The First World War and English Culture (1990) J.M. Winter, Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History (1995) * D. Todman, The First World War: Myth and Memory (2005) A. Gregory, The Silence of Memory: Armistice Day, 1919-1946 (1994) A. King, Memorials of the Great War in Britain: The Symbolism and Politics of Remembrance (1998) B. Bond, ‘British “Anti-War” Writers and Their Critics’, in Cecil & Liddle (eds), Facing Armageddon (1996) M. Roper, ‘Re-remembering the Soldier Hero: The Psychic and Social Construction of Memory in Personal Narratives of the Great War’, HWJ 2000 R. Prior & T. Wilson, ‘Paul Fussell at War’, War in History 1994 G. Sheffield, ‘“Oh! What a futile war”: Representations of the Western Front in Modern British Media and Popular Culture’, in I. Stewart & S.L. Carruthers (eds), War, Culture and the Media: Representations of the Military in 20th-Century Britain (1996) D. Cohen, The War Come Home: Disabled Veterans in Britain and Germany, 1914-1939 (2001), esp. ch. 3 C.M. Tylee, The Great War and Women’s Consciousness: Images of Militarism and Feminism in Women’s Writings, 1914-1964 (1990) J. Morley, ‘Dad “Never Said Much” But. Young Men and Great War Veterans in Day-to-Day-Life in Interwar Britain’, TCBH (2018) J. Wellington, Exhibiting the Great War: Museums and Memory in Britain, Canada and Australia, 1914-1943 (2017)
14/09/2020 21 9. Interwar Economic Performance
Postwar recovery and long-term weaknesses; the Slump: causes, experiences, unemployment and poverty; remedies: monetary policy, fiscal policy, ‘planning’, tariffs and international diplomacy.
General
S. Pollard, The Development of the British Economy 1914-1990, 4th ed. (1992) S.N. Broadberry, The British Economy Between the Wars (1986) P.K. O’Brien, ‘Britain’s Economy Between the Wars’, P&P 1987 D. Baines, ‘The Onset of the Depression’ and ‘Recovery from Depression’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB C. Price, ‘Depression and Recovery’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 * B. Eichengreen, ‘The British Economy between the Wars’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II N. Crafts and P. Fearon (eds), The Great Depression of the 1930s: Lessons for Today (2013) J. Stevenson & C. Cook, Britain in the Depression: Society and Politics (1994) * S. Solomou, Themes in Macroeconomic History: The UK Economy, 1919-1939 (1996) D. Edgerton, Warfare State, Britain 1920-1970 (2006), chs 1, 3
Industry and Employment
T.J. Hatton, ‘Unemployment and the Labour Market, 1870–1939’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II W.T. Garside, British Unemployment 1919-1939 (1990) S. Glynn & A. Booth, ‘Unemployment in Interwar Britain’, EcHR 1983, and debate with W.R. Garside & T.J.Hatton, EcHR 1985 N.F.R. Crafts, ‘Long-Term Unemployment in Britain in the 1930s’, EcHR 1987 S.N. Broadberry, ‘The Emergence of Mass Unemployment’, EcHR 1990, and debate with S. Glynn & A. Booth, EcHR 1992 N.A. Whiteside & J.A. Gillespie, ‘Deconstructing Unemployment: Developments in Britain in the Interwar Years’, EcHR 1991 W. Mass & W. Lazonick, ‘The British Cotton Industry and International Competitive Advantage: The State of the Debates’, Business History 1990
Economic Policy
R. Middleton, ‘Government and the Economy, 1860-1939’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II B. Eichengreen, Golden Fetters: The Gold Standard and the Great Depression, 1919-1939 (1992) B. Eichengreen & P. Temin, ‘The Gold Standard and the Great Depression’, Contemporary European History 2000 T. Balderston, ‘German and British Monetary Policy, 1919-1932’, in C.H. Feinstein (ed.), Banking, Currency, and Finance Between the Wars (1995) E.H.H. Green, ‘The Influence of the City over British Economic Policy, c.1880-1960’, in Y. Cassis (ed.), Finance and Financiers in European History, 1880-1960 (1992) D. Ritschel, The Politics of Planning: The Debate on Economic Planning in Britain in the 1930s (1997) A. Booth, ‘Britain in the 1930s: A Managed Economy’, EcHR 1987, and debate with G. Peden & R. Middleton, EcHR 1989 G.C. Peden, The Treasury and British Public Policy, 1906-1959 (2000) P.F. Clarke, The Keynesian Revolution in the Making, 1924-1936 (1990) R. Middleton, Government versus the Market: The Growth of the Public Sector, Economic Management and British Economic Performance, c.1890-1979 (1996)
14/09/2020 22 Global Contexts
* C. K. Harley, ‘Trade 1870–1939: From Globalisation to Fragmentation’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. II * M. Daunton, ‘Britain and Globalisation since 1850: II. The Rise of Insular Capitalism, 1914-1939’, TRHS 2007 N. Ferguson, The Cash Nexus: Money and Power in the Modern World, 1700-2000 (2001) B.W.E. Alford, Britain in the World Economy since 1880 (1996) S.N. Broadberry & N.F.R. Crafts (eds) Britain in the International Economy (1992) T. Rooth, British Protectionism and the International Economy: Overseas Commercial Policy in the 1930s (1993) H. James, The End of Globalization (2001)
14/09/2020 23 10. Class in Interwar Society
Ideas of class; working-class and middle-class community, work and leisure; class relations: social investigation, social science, philanthropy, ‘master-servant’ relations.
General
* R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998) M. Savage & A. Miles, The Remaking of the British Working Class, 1840-1940 (1994) J. Bourke, Working-Class Cultures in Britain 1890-1960 (1994) S. Brooke, ‘Class and Gender’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 * J. Lawrence, ‘The British Sense of Class’, Journal of Contemporary History 2000 J. Hinton, ‘The “Class” Complex: Mass-Observation and Cultural Distinction in Pre-War Britain’, P&P 2008 P.M. Graves, ‘A Blessing or a Curse? Working-class Attitudes to State Welfare Programmes in Britain, 1919-1939’, Labour History Review 2009 A.A. Jackson, The Middle Classes 1900-1950 (1991) H. Perkin, The Rise of Professional Society (1989) J. Baxendale, Priestley’s England: J.B. Priestley and English Culture (2007) Geoffrey G. Field, Blood, Sweat, and Toil: Remaking the British Working Class, 1939-1945 (2011) S. Todd, The People. The Rise and Fall of the Working Class 1910-2010 (2014) M. Houlbrook, Prince of Tricksters: The Incredible True Story of Netley Lucas, Gentleman Crook (2016)
Community
E. Roberts, A Woman’s Place: An Oral History of Working-Class Women, 1890-1940 (1984) S. Humphries, Hooligans or Rebels? An Oral History of Working-Class Childhood and Youth, 1889-1939 (1981) A. Olechnowicz, Working-Class Housing in England Between the Wars: The Becontree Estate (1997) I. Gazeley and C. Langhamer, ‘The Meanings of Happiness in Mass Observation’s Bolton’, HWJ 2013 J. White, The Worst Street in North London: Campbell Bunk, Islington, Between the Wars (1986) A.A. Jackson, Semi-Detached London, 2nd ed. (1991) R.J. Waller, The Dukeries Transformed: The Social and Political Development of a Twentieth Century Coalfield (1983) K. Bradley, Poverty, Philanthropy and the State: Charities and the Working Classes in London, 1918- 79 (2009) J. Welshman and J. Stewart, ‘The Evacuation of Children in Wartime Scotland: Culture, Behaviour, and Poverty’, Journal of Scottish Historical Studies 2006 P. Scott, The Making of the Modern British Home: The Suburban Semi and Family Life between the Wars (2013) H. McCarthy, The British people and the League of Nations: democracy, citizenship and internationalism c. 1918-45 (2011), chapter 6 D. Cohen, Household gods: the British and their possessions (2009), chapter 7 C. Hilliard, The Littlehampton Libels: A Miscarriage of Justice and a Mystery about Words in 1920s England (2017) H. Barron, The 1926 Miners’ Lockout: Meanings of Community in the Durham Coalfield (2009) D. Holland,‘The Social Networks of South Asian Migrants in Sheffield’, P&P 2017)
14/09/2020 24 Work and Leisure
C.J. Wrigley (ed.), A History of British Industrial Relations 1914-1939 (1987) A.J. Reid, ‘Employers’ Strategies and Craft Production: The British Shipbuilding Industry, 1870- 1950’, in S. Tolliday & J. Zeitlin (eds), The Power to Manage? (1991) A.J. McIvor, Organised Capital: Employers’ Associations and Industrial Relations in Northern England, 1880-1939 (1996) M. Savage, ‘Trade Unionism, Sex Segregation, and the State: Women’s Employment in “New Industries” in Inter-war Britain’, Social History 1988 * S. Todd, ‘Young Women, Work, and Leisure in Interwar England’, HJ 2005 S. Todd, Young Women, Work, and Family in England 1918-1950 (2005) D. Baines & P. Johnson, ‘In Search of the “Traditional” Working Class: Social Mobility and Occupational Continuity in Interwar London’, EcHR 1999 K. Nicholas, The Social Effects of Unemployment on Teesside 1919-1939 (1986) * A. Davies, Leisure, Gender and Poverty: Working-Class Culture in Salford and Manchester 1900- 1939 (1992) C. Langhamer, Women’s Leisure in England 1920-60 (2000) M. Tebbutt, Being Boys: Youth, Leisure and Identity in the Inter-War Years (2012) C.G. Brown, ‘Popular Culture and the Continuing Struggle for Rational Recreation’, in T.M. Devine & R.J. Finlay (eds), Scotland in the Twentieth Century (1996) R. Holt (ed.), Sport and the Working Class in Modern Britain (1990) R. McKibbin, ‘Working-Class Gambling in Britain 1880-1939’ and ‘Work and Hobbies in Britain 1880-1950’, in McKibbin, The Ideologies of Class: Social Relations in Britain 1880-1950 (1990) Mass Observation, The Pub and the People (1943) * A. Light, Forever England: Femininity, Literature and Conservatism Between the Wars (1991) P. Gurney, ‘Intersex and Dirty Girls: Mass-Observation and Working Class Sexuality in England in the 1930s’, Journal of the History of Sexuality 1997 S. Todd, ‘Domestic Service and Class Relations in Britain 1900–1950 ’. P&P 2009 L. Delap, Knowing Their Place: Domestic Service in Twentieth Century Britain (2011) S. Todd, The People: The Rise and Fall of the Working Class, 1910-2010 (2014), chapters 1 and 2 Helen Smith, Masculinity, Class and Same-Sex Desire in Industrial England, 1895-1957 (2015), ch. 4
See also 22. Mass Culture
14/09/2020 25 11. The Second World War and its Aftermath
The experience of ‘total war’: economic mobilization, national identity, social change; ‘what difference did the war make?’; demobilization, austerity, consensus; war and popular memory.
Experiences
W. Webster, Mixing It: Diversity in World War Two Britain (2018) [Oxford Scholarship] P. Howlett, ‘The Wartime Economy’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III S. Broadberry & P. Howlett, ‘The United Kingdom: “Victory at all costs”’, in M. Harrison (ed.), The Economics of World War II: Six Great Powers in International Comparison (1998) A.S. Milward, War, Economy and Society, 1939-1945 (1979) P. Addison, The Road to 1945, 2nd ed. (1994) A. Calder, The People’s War (1969) * S. Rose, Which People’s War?: National Identity and Citizenship in Wartime Britain 1939- 1945 (2003) H.L. Smith (ed.), War and Social Change: British Society in the Second World War (1986) S. Fielding et al., ‘ “England Arise!”: The Labour Party and Popular Politics in 1940s Britain (1995) * K. Jefferys, ‘British Politics and Social Policy during the Second World War’, HJ 1987 T. Tsubaki, ‘Planners and the Public: British Popular Opinion on Housing during the Second World War’, CBH 1999 P. Addison & A. Calder (ed.), Time to Kill: The Soldier's Experience of War in the West 1939-1945 (1997) P. Fussell, Wartime (1989) T. Harrisson, Living Through the Blitz (1976) * Geoffrey G. Field, Blood, Sweat, and Toil: Remaking the British Working Class, 1939-1945 (2011) N. Hayes & J. Hill (eds). ‘Millions Like Us’? British Culture in the Second World War (1999) C. Baade, ‘The Dancing Front: Dance Music, Dancing, and the BBC in World War II’, Popular Music 2006 A. Abra, ‘Doing the Lambeth Walk: Novelty Dances and the British Nation’, TCBH 2009 W. Webster, Englishness and Empire 1939-1965 (2007), ch. 2 [Oxford Scholarship] C. Gledhill & G. Swanson, (eds), Nationalising Femininity: Culture, Sexuality and British Cinema in the Second World War (1996) G. Braybon & P. Summerfield, Out of the Cage: Women’s Experiences in Two World Wars (1987) S. Bruley, ‘“A Very Happy Crowd”: Women in Industry in South London in World War Two’, HWJ 1997 G. Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn: Socialism and the English Genius (1941) * J. Hinton, Nine Wartime Lives (2009) M. Roodhouse, Black Market Britain, 1939-1955 (2013) P. Summerfield, Women Workers in the Second World War: Production and Patriarchy in Conflict (2012) [Proquest] P. Summerfield, Contesting home defence: Men, women and the Home Guard in the Second World War (2013) [EBSCO] D. Todman, Britain’s War, vol. I: Into battle, 1937-1941 (2016) [BibliU] W. Ugolini & J. Pattinson, Fighting for Britain?: Negotiating Identities in Britain During the Second World War (2015) [Proquest] L. Noakes, Dying for the nation: Death, grief and bereavement in Second World War Britain (2020) J. Pattinson, Men in reserve: British civilian masculinities in the Second World War (2017) D. Todman, Britain’s war, vol. II: a new world, 1942-1947 (2016) Jordana Bailkin,Unsettled: Refugee Camps and the Making of Multicultural Britain (2018), ch. 5 W. Ugolini, Experiencing war as the enemy other: Italian Scottish experience in World War II (2011)
14/09/2020 26
Effects
* B. Brivati & H. Jones (eds), What Difference Did The War Make? (1993) D. Edgerton, Britain’s War Machine: Weapons, Resources and Experts in the Second World War (2011) A.S. Milward, The Economic Effects of the Two World Wars on Britain, 2nd ed. (1984) N. Tiratsoo & J. Tomlinson, Industrial Efficiency and State Intervention: Labour, 1939-1951 (1993) J. Tomlinson, ‘Mr Attlee’s Supply-Side Socialism’, EcHR 1993 C. Barnett, The Audit of War (1986) J. Harris, ‘Enterprise and Welfare States: A Comparative Perspective’, TRHS 1990 M. Kitson, ‘Failure followed by success followed by failure? A Re-examination of British Economic Growth since 1939’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III P. Addison, ‘British Historians and the Debate over the “Postwar Consensus”’, in W.R. Louis (ed.), More Adventures with Britannia (1998) R. Titmuss, Problems of Social Policy (1950) M. Thomson, Psychological Subjects: Identity, Culture and Health in Twentieth-Century Britain (2006), esp. pt. III A.Allport , Demobbed: Coming Home after the Second World War (2009)
* I. Zweiniger-Bargielowska, Austerity in Britain: Rationing, Controls and Consumption 1939- 1955 (2000) M. Roodhouse, ‘In Racket Town: Gangster Chic in Austerity Britain, 1939-1953’, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 2011 M. Sissons & P. French (eds), Age of Austerity 1945-1951 (1963) H. Hopkins, The New Look: A Social History of the Forties and Fifties in Britain (1963) D. Kynaston, Austerity Britain 1945-51 (2007) P. Addison, No Turning Back : The Peacetime Revolutions of Post-War Britain, ch.1 D. Edgerton, Warfare State Britain, 1920–1970 (2005), ch. 2 D. Edgerton, Britain’s War Machine: Weapons, Resources and Experts in the Second World War (2011) M. Kitson, ‘Failure followed by success followed by failure? A Re-examination of British Economic Growth since 1939’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III W. Webster, Mixing It: Diversity in World War Two Britain (2018) ch. 3 L. Bland, ‘Interracial Relationships and the “Brown Baby Question”: Black GIs, White British Women, and Their Mixed-Race Offspring in World War II’, Journal of the History of Sexuality (2017) L. Bland, Britain’s Brown Babies: The Stories of Children Born to Black GIs and White Women in the Second World War (2019)
See also 12. Economic performance since 1945
Memories
* A. Calder, The Myth of the Blitz (1991) A. Gregory, ‘The Commemoration of the Battle of Britain’, in P. Addison & J.A. Crang (ed.), The Burning Blue: A New History of the Battle of Britain (2000) M. Connelly, We Can Take it! : Britain and the Memory of the Second World War (2004) * P. Summerfield, Reconstructing Women’s Wartime Lives: Discourse and Subjectivity in Oral Histories of the Second World War (1998) T. Kushner, The Holocaust and the Liberal Imagination: A Social and Cultural History (1994)
14/09/2020 27 R.J. Evans, Telling the Truth About Hitler (2002) G. Eley, ‘Finding the People’s War: Film, British Collective Memory, and World War II’, American Historical Review 2001 M. Paris, Repicturing the Second World War: Representations in Film and Television (2007)
14/09/2020 28 12. Economic Performance, 1945-1979
Recovery from war; ‘declinism’: international comparisons, sectoral change, diagnoses and prescriptions; economic policies: consensus, ‘white heat’, planning, origins of neoliberalism.
General
* R. Middleton, The British Economy since 1945: Engaging with the Debate (2000) N.F.R. Crafts & N.W.C. Woodward (eds), The British Economy since 1945 (1991) J. Tomlinson, Public Policy and the Economy since 1900 (1990) M. Daunton, Just Taxes (2002), chs 7-10 G. Bernstein, The Myth of Decline (2004), pts 1 & 2 * M. Kitson, ‘British Economic Growth since 1939’, S. Broadberry, ‘The Performance of Manufacturing’, L. Hannah, ‘State Ownership of Industry’, J. Tomlinson, ‘Economic Policy’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III S.N. Broadberry, The Productivity Race: British Manufacturing in International Perspective, 1850-1990 (1997) N. Crafts, ‘The British Economy’, and J. Tomlinson, ‘Managing the Economy’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 * A.J.C. Britton, Macroeconomic Policy in Britain, 1974-87 (1991) B. Jackson, ‘Corporatism and its Discontents: Pluralism, Anti-Pluralism and Anglo-American Industrial Relations, c. 1930-80’, in M. Bevir (ed.), Modern Pluralism (2012) D. Stedman Jones, Masters of the Universe: Hayek, Friedman and the Birth of Neoliberal Politics (2012)
‘Decline’ Again
* J. Tomlinson, ‘Inventing “Decline”: The Falling Behind of the British Economy in the Postwar Years’, EcHR 1996 J. Tomlinson, ‘Re-inventing the “Moral Economy” in Post-war Britain’, Historical Research 2010 D. Edgerton, Warfare State, Britain 1920-1970 (2006), chs 2, 4-8 H. Pemberton, ‘Relative Decline and British Economic Policy in the 1960s’, HJ 2004 * S.N. Broadberry & N.F.R. Crafts, ‘British Economic Policy and Industrial Performance in the Early Post-war Period’, Business History 38 (1996), and debate with J. Tomlinson & N. Tiratsoo, Business History 1998 S.N. Broadberry & N.F.R. Crafts, ‘UK Productivity Performance from 1950 to 1979: a Restatement of the Broadberry-Crafts View’, EcHR 2003 * N. Crafts & C. Bean, ‘British Economic Growth Since 1945: Relative Economic Decline...and Renaissance?’, in N. Crafts & G. Toniolo (eds), Economic Growth in Europe since 1945 (1996) A. Booth, ‘The Manufacturing Failure Hypothesis and the Performance of British Industry during the Long Boom’, EcHR 2003 R. Bacon & W. Eltis, Britain’s Economic Problem Revisited (1996) B.W.E. Alford, British Economic Performance 1945-1975 (1995) D. Coates, The Question of UK Decline: State, Society and Economy (1994) R. Middleton, Government versus the Market: The Growth of the Public Sector, Economic Management and British Economic Performance, c.1890-1979 (1996) R. Middleton, ‘The Size and Scope of the Public Sector’, in S.J.D. Green & R.C. Whiting (eds), The Boundaries of the State in Modern Britain (1996) S.W. Tolliday, ‘Ford and “Fordism” in Postwar Britain: Enterprise Management and the Control of Labour, 1937-1987’, in S.W. Tolliday & J. Zeitlin (eds), The Power to Manage? Employers and Industrial Relations in Comparative-Historical Perspective (1991) J. Harris, ‘Enterprise and the Welfare State: A Comparative Perspective’, TRHS 1990 C. Barnett, The Lost Victory: British Dreams, British Realities, 1945-1950 (1995) J. Tomlinson, ‘Correlli Barnett's History: The Case of Marshall Aid’, TCBH 1997
14/09/2020 29 J. Tomlinson, ‘The British “Productivity Problem” in the 1960s’, P&P 2002 G. O’Hara, ‘“Dynamic, Exciting, Thrilling Change”: the Wilson Government's Economic Policies, 1964–70’, CBH 2006 R. Coopey & N. Woodward (eds), Britain in the 1970s: The Troubled Decade (1996), essays by Coopey & Woodward and Crafts J.E. Alt, ‘The Politics of Economic Decline in the 1970s’ and J. Tomlinson, ‘The Politics of Declinism’, in L. Black, H. Pemberton and P. Thane (eds.), Reassessing 1970s Britain (2013) J. Tomlinson, ‘De-industrialization Not Decline: A New Meta-narrative for Post-war British History’, TCBH 2016 (online)
Britain in the European and World Economies
B.W.E. Alford, Britain in the World Economy since 1880 (1996) S. Saggar, ‘Immigration and Economics: The Politics of Race in the Postwar Period’, in H. Fawcett & R. Lowe (eds), Welfare Policy in Britain: The Road from 1945 (1999) D. Reynolds, Britannia Overruled: British Policy and World Power in the Twentieth Century (1991) L. Neal, ‘The Impact of Europe’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III N. Rollings, ‘Britain and Europe’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 S.N. Broadberry, ‘How did the United States and Germany overtake Britain?: A Sectional Analysis of Comparative Productivity Levels, 1870-1990’, Journal of Economic History 1998 * S.N. Broadberry, The Productivity Race: British Manufacturing in International Perspective, 1850-1990 (1997) Y. Cassis et al. (ed.), Management and Business in Britain and France: The age of the Corporate Economy (1995) N. Tiratsoo & J. Tomlinson, ‘Exporting the “Gospel of Productivity”: United States Technical Assistance and British Industry 1945-1960’, Business History Review 1997 A.S. Milward, ‘Britain and Western Europe’, in Milward, The European Rescue of the Nation-State (1992) C.R. Schenk, The Decline of Sterling: Managing the Retreat of an International Currency, 1945-1992 (2010) G. Krozewski, ‘Finance and Empire: The Dilemma Facing Great Britain in the 1950s’, International History Review 1996, and debate with C. Schenk, same vol. & IHR 1997
14/09/2020 30 13. The Climax and Crisis of the Welfare State, 1939-1979
Beveridge and the road to 1945; aspects of welfarism: redistribution, social insurance, public provision; effects on economic growth and social cohesion; the fiscal crisis of the State.
General
M. O’Mahony, ‘Employment, Education and Human Capital’, P. Johnson, ‘Income and Welfare’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III * R. Lowe, The Welfare State in Britain since 1945 (1993) N. Timmins, The Five Giants: A Biography of the Welfare State, rev. ed. (2001) H. Glennerster, British Social Policy since 1945, 2nd ed. (2000) J. Hills et al. (ed.), Beveridge and Social Security: An International Retrospective (1994) P. Lindert, Growing Public: Social Spending and Economic Growth since the 18th Century (2004), chs 7-8, 10-12 H. Fawcett & R. Lowe (eds). Welfare Policy in Britain: The Road from 1945 (1999) N.Whiteside, ‘Industrial Relations and Social Welfare, 1945-79’, in C. Wrigley (ed.), A History of British Industrial Relations, 1939-1979 (1996) * J. Harris, ‘“Contract” and “Citizenship”’, in D. Marquand & A. Seldon (ed.), The Ideas that Shaped Post-War Britain (1996) J. Harris, ‘Enterprise and Welfare States: A Comparative Perspective’, TRHS, 5th ser., 40 (1990) P. Addison, The Road to 1945, 2nd ed. (1994) N. Whiteside, ‘Creating the Welfare State in Britain, 1945-1960’, Journal of Social Policy 25 (1996) R. Lowe, ‘The Replanning of the Welfare State, 1957-1964’, in M. Francis & I. Zweiniger- Bargielowska (ed.), The Conservatives and British Society, 1880-1990 (1996) B. Jackson, ‘Revisionism Reconsidered: “Property-Owning Democracy” and Egalitarian Strategy in Post-war Britain’, TCBH 2005 Ortolano, Guy. Thatcher’s Progress: From Social Democracy to Market Liberalism through an English New Town. (2019) M. Hilton and J. McKay (eds), The Ages of Voluntarism – How We Got to the Big Society (2011) G. O’Hara, ‘The Complexities of ‘Consumerism’: Choice, Collectivism and Participation within Britain's National Health Service, c.1961–c.1979’ Social History of Medicine (2013) J. Hill, Good Times, Bad Times: The Welfare Myth of Them and Us (2014) G. Bhambra & J. Holmwood, 'Colonialism, postcolonialism and the liberal welfare State’ New Political Economy (2018) R. Shilliam, Race and the Undeserving Poor (2018) Ch. 5
Incomes, Poverty and Pensions
* C. Feinstein, ‘The Equalizing of Wealth in Britain since the Second World War’, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 12 (1996) M.J. Daunton, Just Taxes: The Politics of Taxation in Britain 1914-1979 (2002), chs 7-12 B. Bryan, S. Dadzie, S. Scafe ‘Labour Pains, Black Women and Work’ in, Heart Of The Race: Black Women’s Lives in Britain (2018) N. Whiteside, ‘The Politics of the “Social” and the “Industrial” Wage, 1945-60’, in H. Jones & M. Kandiah (ed.), The Myth of Consensus: New Views on British History, 1945-64 (1996) J. McIlroy & A. Campbell, ‘The High Tide of Trade Unionism: Mapping Industrial Politics, 1964- 79’, in A. Campbell et al. (ed.), British Trade Unions and Industrial Politics, vol. II: The High Tide of Trade Unionism, 1964-79 (1999) R. Titmuss, Income Distribution and Social Change (1972) D. Vincent, Poor Citizens: The State and the Poor in Twentieth-Century Britain (1991) P. Townsend, Poverty in the United Kingdom (1979) P.M. Starkey, ‘The Feckless Mother: Women, Poverty and Social Workers in Wartime and Post-War England’, Women's History Review 9 (2000)
14/09/2020 31 P. Thane and T. Evans, Sinners? Scroungers? Saints?: Unmarried Motherhood in 20th-Century England (2012), chs 3-7 P. Thane, Old Age in English History (2000), chs 18-23 P. Baldwin, The Politics of Social Solidarity: Class Bases of the European Welfare State 1875- 1975 (1990), ch. 4 C. Greenhalgh, Aging in Twentieth-Century Britain (2018)
Health and Housing
N. Hayes, ‘Did We Really Want a National Health Service? Hospitals, Patients and Public Opinions before 1948’, English Historical Review 2012 * C. Webster, ‘Conflict and Consensus: Explaining the British Health Service’, TCBH 1990 C. Webster, The National Health Service: A Political History (1998) R.G. Wilkinson, Unhealthy Societies: The Afflictions of Inequality (1996) V. Berridge, Health and Society in Britain since 1939 (1999) C. Webster, Charles, ‘Government Policy on School Meals and Welfare Foods, 1939-70’, in D.F. Smith (ed.), The History of Nutrition in Britain in the Twentieth Century: Science, Scientists, and Politics (1997) A. Nathoo, Hearts Exposed: Transplants and the Media in 1960s Britain (2009) M.J. Daunton, A Property Owning Democracy? Housing in Britain (1987) M. Glendinning & S. Muthesius, Tower Block: Modern Public Housing in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (1994) L. Abrams et al, ‘Isolated and dependent: women and children in high-rise social housing in post-war Glasgow’, Women’s History Review (2019) P. Dunleavy, The Politics of Mass Housing in Britain, 1945-1975 (1981) A. Ravetz, ‘Housing the People’, in J. Fyrth (ed.), Labour’s Promised Land? Culture and Society in Labour Britain 1945-51 (1995) R. Cramond, ‘The National Housing Drive’, in M. Glendinning (ed.), Rebuilding Scotland: The Postwar Vision 1945-1975 (1997) D. Stedman Jones, Masters of the Universe: Hayek, Friedman and the Birth of Neoliberal Politics (2012), ch. 7 A. Davies, ''Right to Buy' : The Development of a Conservative Housing Policy, 1945–1980', Contemporary British History (2013) A. Seaton, ‘Against the ‘Sacred Cow’: NHS Opposition and the Fellowship for Freedom in Medicine, 1948–72’ TCBH (2015) J. Boughton, Municipal Dreams: The Rise and Fall of Council Housing (2018) A. Kefford, ‘Housing the Citizen-Consumer in Post-War Britain: The Parker Morris Report, Affluence and Even Briefer Life of Social Democracy’, TCBH (2018) P. Shapely, ‘Tenants arise! Consumerism, tenants and the challenge to council authority in Manchester, 1968-92’, Social History (2006). G. O’Hara, ‘The Complexities of ‘Consumerism’: Choice, Collectivism and Participation within Britain's National Health Service, c.1961-c.1979’, Social History of Medicine (2013), M. Hollow, ‘The age of affluence revisited: Council estates and consumer society in Britain, 1950- 1970’, Journal of Consumer Culture (2014) Roberta Bivins, 'Picturing race in the British National Health Service, 1948-1988', TCBH (2017) R. Bivins, Contagious Communities. Medicine, Migration and the NHS in post-war Britain (2015) J. Davis, ‘Rents and Race in 1960s London: New Light on Rachmanism’ TCBH 12.1 (2001) ‘The Uncaring Arm of the State: Black Women, Health and Welfare Services’ in Beverley Bryan, Stella Dadzie, Suzanne Scafe, Heart Of The Race: Black Women’s Lives in Britain (2018)
J. Drake, ‘From “colour blind” to “colour bar” : residential separation in Brixton and Notting Hill, 1948-75’, in Lawrence Black (ed.), Consensus or coercion? The state, the people and social cohesion in post-war Britain (2001)
14/09/2020 32 N. Longpré, “An issue that could tear us apart”: Race, Empire, and Economy in the British (Welfare) State, 1968’, Canadian Journal of History, (2011) M. Nava, ‘Sometimes antagonistic, sometimes ardently, sympathetic: Contradictory responses to migrants in postwar Britain’, Ethnicities, (2014)
See also 17. Environmental Change and Policy since 1945 18. Education
14/09/2020 33 14. A Polarised Society? Britain post 1975
The origins of neoliberalism and the Thatcher revolution; a cultural or an economic revolution? ideas of market, class, state and nation; ‘Victorian values’ and modernity.
General
R. Vinen, Thatcher’s Britain: The Politics and Social Upheaval of the Thatcher Era (2009) * E.H.H. Green, ‘Thatcherism: An Historical Perspective’, TRHS, 6th ser., 9 (1999) * B. Jackson and R. Saunders (eds), Making Thatcher’s Britain (2012) A. Gamble, The Free Economy and the Strong State: The Politics of Thatcherism, 2nd ed. (1994) G. Bernstein, The Myth of Decline (2004), pt. 4 M.J. Oliver, ‘The Retreat of the State in the 1980s and 1990s’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 S. Brooke, Living in 'New Times' : Historicizing 1980s Britain, History Compass (2014) M. Hilton, C. Moores & F. Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, ‘New Times revisited: Britain in the 1980s’, CBH (2017)
Economics
L. Hannah, ‘Crisis and Turnaround’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB P. Minford, ‘What did Margaret Thatcher do for the UK economy?’, British Politics (2015) P. Dorey, ‘A farewell to alms: Thatcherism’s legacy of inequality’, British Politics (2015) M. Daunton, ‘Britain and Globalisation since 1850: IV. The Creation of the Washington Consensus’, TRHS 2009 J. Tomlinson, Public Policy and the Economy since 1900 (1990) J. Burnett, Idle Hands, the experience of unemployment, 1790-1990, (1994)
W. Brown, ‘Industrial Relations and the Economy’, in Floud & Johnson (eds), EHB, vol. III D.H. Aldcroft & M.J. Oliver, Trade Unions and the Economy 1870-2000 (2000) A.J. Richards, Miners on Strike: Class Solidarity and Division in Britain (1997) G. Owen, The Decline and Revival of British Industry since The Second World War (1999) E.H.H. Green, Thatcherism (2006) D.J. Needham and A.C. Hotson (eds), Expansionary Fiscal Contraction: the Thatcher Government’s 1981 Budget in Perspective (2014) R. Michie and C. Bellringer, ‘Big Bang in the City of London : an intentional revolution or an accident?’ Financial History Review (2014) Duncan Needham, 'The Lady Is for Turning, 1979-82', in UK Monetary Policy from Devaluation to Thatcher, 1967-82 (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), pp.134–68 Sam Wetherell, ‘Freedom Planned: Enterprise Zones and Urban Non-Planning in Post-war Britain’, TCBH (2016) A. Davis and C. Walsh, ‘Distinguishing Financialization from Neoliberalism’, Theory, Culture & Society (2017) A. Edwards, “’Financial Consumerism’: Citizenship, Consumerism and Capital Ownership in the 1980s,” Contemporary British History (2017
See also 12. Economic Performance, 1945-1979 15. Class and Social Change since 1945
Social Policy
P. Pierson, Dismantling the Welfare State? Reagan, Thatcher and the Politics of Retrenchment (1994)
14/09/2020 34 J. Hills (ed.), The State of Welfare: The Welfare State in Britain since 1974 (1990) C. Webster, ‘The Health Service’ in D. Kavanagh & A. Seldon (eds), The Thatcher Effect (1989) I. Cole & R. Furbey, The Eclipse of Council Housing (1994) A.T. Peacock, ‘Economic Thought and the Reform of the Welfare State’, Economic Affairs 1999 N.P. Barry, ‘Conservative Thought and the Welfare State’, Political Studies 1997 * F. Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, ‘Neo-Liberalism and Morality in the Making of Thatcherite Social Policy’, HJ 2012 G. Pascall, Women and the Family in the British Welfare State: The Thatcher/Major Legacy Social Policy & Administration (1997) S. Szreter, Health and Wealth, ch.10 P. Thane and T. Evans, Sinners? Scroungers? Saints? Unmarried Motherhood in Twentieth- Century England, (2012) G. Lamb, Gillian. ‘“If Ah’ve Goat’i Choose between Putting Shoes on Ma Bairn’s Feet and Payin” This Bill, Ah’m Puttin’ Shoes on Ma Bairn’s Feet’ – Poverty and the Poll Tax’. Contemporary British History 0, no. 0 (2020) R. Shilliam Race and the Undeserving Poor (2018) Ch. 6 S. Peplow, Race and Riots in Thatcher’s Britain (2018) S. Brooke, 'Space, emotions and the everyday: the emotional ecology of 1980s London', Twentieth- Century British History (2017)
See also 13. The Climax and Crisis of the Welfare State, 1945-1979
Culture
* R. Samuel, ‘Mrs Thatcher’s Return to Victorian Values’, in T.C. Smout (ed.), Victorian Values (1992) B. Porter, ‘“Though Not An Historian Myself”: Margaret Thatcher and the Historians’, TCBH 1994 B.H. Harrison, ‘Mrs Thatcher and the Intellectuals’, TCBH 1994 L. Friedman (ed.), Fires Were Started: British Cinema and Thatcherism (1993) J. Corner & S. Harvey (eds), Enterprise and Heritage: Crosscurrents of National Culture (1991) M. Durham, Sex and Politics: The Family and Morality in the Thatcher Years (1991) A.M. Smith, New Right Discourse on Race and Sexuality 1968-1990 (1994) M. Worley, Punk, Politics and British (fan)zines, 1976–84 : 'While the world was dying, did you wonder why?' HWJ (2015) Thomlinson, Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, Robinson, Schofield, ‘Telling Stories about Post-war Britain: Popular Individualism and the ‘Crisis’ of the 1970s’, TCBH (2017) S. Brooke, ‘Space, Emotions and the Everyday: The Affective Ecology of 1980s London’, TCBH (2016) C. Moores, 'Thatcher’s troops? Neighbourhood Watch schemes and the search for ‘ordinary’ Thatcherism in 1980s Britain', CBH 2017 M. Cook, ‘‘Archives of Feeling: The AIDS Crisis in Britain c. 1987’, HWJ (2017) J. Hills, Good Times Bad Times. The welfare Myth of them and Us (2017) R. Waters, Thinking Black: Britain, 1964-1985 (2018), introduction, chs. 2 & 3 S. Wetherell, ‘Painting the Crisis: Community Arts and the Search for the “Ordinary” in 1970s and ’80s London’, HWJ, (2013) K. Connell, Black Handsworth: race in 1980s Britain (2019) S. Kenny, ‘A “Radical Project”: Youth Culture, Leisure, and Politics in 1980s Sheffield’, TCBH (2019) C. Alexander, ‘Making Bengali Brick Lane: claiming and contesting space in East London’, British Journal of Sociology (2011) S. Glynn, Class, ethnicity and religion in the Bengali East End (2016) T. Sandset et al, ‘A diagnosis of contemporary forms of racism, race and nationalism: a conversation with Professor Paul Gilroy’, Cultural Studies (2019)
14/09/2020 35 K. Tyler, Whiteness, Class and the Legacies of Empire: On Home Ground (2012) Lisa Amanda Palmer, ‘‘Each one teach one’ visualising black intellectual life in Handsworth beyond the epistemology of ‘white sociology’, Identities (2019) Linda McDowell, Sundari Anitha & Ruth Pearson, ‘Striking Narratives: class, gender and ethnicity in the “Great Grunwick Strike”, London, UK, 1976–1978’, Women's History Review (2014)
14/09/2020 36
15. Class and Social Change since 1945
Class identities and social change; the impact of sociology: social mobility, social capital, ‘affluence’, languages of class; from social mobility to social exclusion; remembering class.
General
J. Lawrence, ‘The British Sense of Class’, Journal of Contemporary History 2000 * J. Lawrence, Me? Me? Me? The Search for Community in Post-war England (2019) * M. Savage, Identities and Social Change in Britain since 1940 (2010) * F. Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, Class, Politics and the Decline of Deference in England, 1968-2000 (2018) B. Jones, The Working Class in Mid-20th Century England (2012) S. Todd, The People. The Rise and Fall of the Working Class 1910-2010 (2014) S. Todd, ‘Class Experience and Britain’s Twentieth Century’, Social History 2014
Stratification, Social Mobility and Social Capital
* M. Savage, Social Class in the 21st Century (2015) A.H. Halsey, Change in British Society, 4th ed. (1995) I. Reid, Class in Britain (1998) D. Gallie, ‘Employment, Unemployment and Social Stratification’, in Gallie (ed.), Employment in Britain (1989) D. Rose (ed.), Social Stratification and Economic Change (1988), esp. essays by Marshall and Pahl & Wallace A.J. Richards, Miners on Strike: Class Solidarity and Division in Britain (1997) E. Bukodi and J.H. Goldthorpe, Social Mobility and Education in Britain (2019) J.H. Goldthorpe, Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain, 2nd ed. (1987) * G. Payne and J. Roberts, ‘Opening and Closing the Gates: Recent Developments in Male Social Mobility in Britain’, Sociological Research Online 2002, http://www.socresonline.org.uk/6/4/payne.html * A. Heath and C. Payne, ‘Social Mobility’, in A.H. Halsey (ed.), Twentieth-Century British Social Trends (2000) J. Rugg, ‘Poverty and Social Exclusion’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 P. Hall, ‘Social Capital in Britain’, British Journal of Political Science 1999 L. Spencer and R. Pahl, Rethinking Friendship: Hidden Solidarities Today (2006), S. Baron, J. Field and T. Schuller (eds), Social Capital (2000), chs 3, 8, 10, 12 J. Lawrence, ‘Social-Science Encounters and the Negotiation of Difference in early 1960s England’, HWJ 2014 J.H. Goldthorpe, ‘Understanding - and Misunderstanding – Social Mobility in Britain: The Entry of the Economists, the Confusion of Politicians and the Limits of Educational Policy’, Journal of Social Policy 2013
‘Affluence’ and Social Change
V. Bogdanor & R. Skidelsky (eds), The Age of Affluence 1951-1964 (1970) J.H. Goldthorpe et al., The Affluent Worker in the Class Structure (1969) F. Parkin, ‘The Affluent Worker Study: An Evaluation and Critique’, in Parkin, The Social Analysis of Class Structure (1974) F. Devine, Affluent Workers Revisited: Privatism and the Working Class (1992) D.S. Wilson, ‘A New Look at the Affluent Worker: The Good Working Mother in Post-War Britain’, TCBH 2006 S.Todd, ‘Affluence, Class & Crown Street: Reinvestigating the Post-War Working Class’ CBH 2008
14/09/2020 37 J. Lawrence, ‘Class, ‘Affluence’ and the Study of Everyday Life in Britain, c.1930-1964’, Cultural and Social History 2013 S. Middleton, ‘“Affluence” and the Left in Britain, c. 1958-1974’, EHR 2014 L. Black, The Political Culture of the Left in Britain, 1951-64: Old Labour, New Britain? (2002) F. Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, ‘Discourses of “Class” in Britain in “New Times”’, CBH 2017 * A. Offer, The Challenge of Affluence (2006) P. Thane, ‘Family Life and “Normality” in Postwar British Culture’, in Richard Bessel and Dirk Schumann (eds), Life After Death: Approaches to a Cultural and Social History of Europe during the 1940s and 1950s (2003) * C. Langhamer, ‘The Meanings of Home in Postwar Britain’, JCH 2005 * J. Moran, ‘Early Cultures of Gentrification in London, 1955-1980’, Journal of Urban History 2007 M. Clapson, Working Class Suburbs: Social Change on an English Council Estate, 1930–2010 (2012) P. Sparke, ‘At Home With Modernity: The New Domestic Scene’, in Christopher Breward and Ghislaine Wood (eds.), British Design from 1945 (2012) D.S. Ryan, The Ideal Home Through the 20th Century (1997), ch. 4-9 S. Nixon, Hard Sell: Advertising, Affluence and Transatlantic Relations c. 1951-69 (2013) G. Shaw, L. Curth and A. Alexander, ‘Selling Self-Service and the Supermarket: The Americanization of Food Retailing in Britain, 1945-60’, Business History 2004 S. Gunn, ‘People and the Car: The Expansion of Automobility in Urban Britain, c.1955’, Social History 2013 C.G. Pooley, ‘Mobility in the Twentieth Century: Substituting Commuting for Migration?’, in D. Gilbert, D. Matless & B. Short (eds), Geographies of British Modernity (2003) A. Marwick, The Sixties: Cultural Revolution in Britain, France, Italy and the United States, c1958- c.1974 (1998), chs 3, 8, 15
Cultures and Memories of Class
F. Devine et al. (eds), Rethinking Class: Culture, Identities and Lifestyle (2004) D. Lockwood, ‘Sources of Variation in Working-Class Images of Society’, Sociological Review 1966 * C. Steedman, Landscape for a Good Woman (1986) C. Steedman, ‘State-Sponsored Autobiography’, in B* . Conekin et al. (eds), Moments of Modernity: Reconstructing Britain 1945-1964 (1999) * C. Waters, ‘Autobiography, Nostalgia and the Changing Practices of Working-Class Selfhood’, in G.K. Behlmer & F.M. Leventhal (eds), Singular Continuities: Tradition, Nostalgia and Identity in Modern British Culture (2000) * B. Jones, ‘The Uses of Nostalgia: Autobiography, Community Publishing and Working-Class Neighbourhoods in Post-war England’, Cultural & Social History 2010 D. Gilbert, ‘Imagined Communities and Mining Communities’, Labour History Review 1995 J. Light, ‘Manufacturing the Past: The Representation of Mining Communities in History, Literature and Heritage’, Llafur 2000 G. Eley, ‘Distant Voices, Still Lives…Memory, Gender and the Image of the Working Class’, in R. Rosenstone (ed.), Revisioning History: Film and the Construction of a New Past (1995) * R. Hoggart, The Uses of Literacy (1957) P. Willmott & M. Young, Family and Kinship in East London (1957) F. Zweig, The Worker in an Affluent Society (1959) P. Willmott & M. Young, Family and Class in a London Suburb (1960) B. Jackson, Working Class Community (1968) J. Seabrook, What Went Wrong? (1978) B. Campbell, Wigan Pier Revisited (1984) M. Hudson, Coming Back Brockens: A Year in a Mining Village (1994) M. Collins, The Likes of Us: A Biography of the White Working Class (2004) O. Jones, Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class (2011) S. Wetherell, ‘Painting the Crisis: Community Arts and the Search for the “Ordinary” in 1970s and ’80s London’, HWJ, (2013)
14/09/2020 38 Camilla Schofield and Ben Jones, ‘“Whatever Community Is, This Is Not It”: Notting Hill and the Reconstruction of “Race” in Britain after 1958’, JBS (2019) Stephen Brooke, ‘Revisiting Southam Street: Class, Generation, Gender, and Race in the Photography of Roger Mayne’, JBS (2014) Ali Meghji, Black middle-class Britannia (2019) Ron Ramdin, The Making of the Black Working Class in Britain (1987) Satnam Virdee, Racism, class and the racialized outsider (2014)
See also 14. Thatcherism and its Aftermath
14/09/2020 39 14/09/2020 40 16. Gender Roles and Experiences since 1939
‘The golden age of marriage’?; the practice and politics of domesticity; the sexual revolution; feminism and gay liberation; gender equality in education and work; the representation of gender.
General
P. Thane (ed.), Unequal Britain: Equalities in Britain since 1945 (2010), chs 5-6 * D. Clark (ed.), Marriage, Domestic Life and Social Change (1991), parts 1 and 2 J. Lewis, Women in Britain since 1945 (1992) P. Thane, ‘Women since 1945’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB L.A. Hall, Sex, Gender and Social Change in Britain since 1880 (2000) M. Collins, Modern Love: An Intimate History of Men and Women in Twentieth Century Britain (2003), parts II and III * D. Cohen, Family Secrets: Living with Shame from the Victorians to the Present Day (2013) H. Young, ‘Being a Man: Everyday Masculinities’, in L. Abrams and C. Brown, A History of Everyday Life in Twentieth-Century Scotland (2010) * C. Langhamer, ‘The Meanings of Home in Postwar Britain’, JCH 2005 M. Francis, ‘A Flight from Commitment? Domesticity, Adventure and the Masculine Imaginary in Britain after the Second World War’, Gender & History 2007 A. Coote & B. Campbell, Sweet Freedom: The Struggle for Women's Liberation, 2nd ed. (1987) S. Rowbotham, The Past Is Before Us: Feminism in Action since the 1960s (1989) P. Thane, ‘Women and the 1970s: towards liberation?’, in L. Black, H. Pemberton and P. Thane (eds.), Reassessing 1970s Britain (2013)
Sexuality and Reproduction
R. Jennings, ‘Sexuality’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 F. Mort, Capital Affairs: The Making of the Permissive Society (2010) J. Weeks, The World We Have Won: The Remaking of Erotic and Intimate Life (2007) H. Cook, The Long Sexual Revolution: English Women, Sex, and Contraception 1800-1975 (2004), chs 7, 9-15 H. Cook, ‘Sexuality and Contraception in Modern England : Doing the History of Reproductive Sexuality’, JSH 2007 K. Fisher, Birth Control, Sex, and Marriage in Britain 1918-1960 (2006) A. Bingham, ‘The “K-Bomb”: Social Surveys, the Popular Press, and British Sexual Culture in the 1940s and 1950s’, JBS 2011 ‘The Abortion Act 1967’, seminar held 10 July 2001, Institute of Contemporary British History, 2002, http://www.kcl.ac.uk/innovation/groups/ich/witness/archives/Political/abortionact.aspx J. Weeks & K. Porter, Between the Acts. Lives of Homosexual Men 1885-1967, 2nd ed. (1998) V. Berridge & P. Strong (eds), AIDS and Contemporary History (1993) V. Berridge, AIDS in the UK: The Making of Policy, 1981-1994 (1996) J. Weeks, Making Sexual History (2000) S. Brooke, ‘Bodies, Sexuality and the “Modernization” of the British Working Classes, 1920s to 1960s’, International Labor and Working-Class History 2006 * S. Szreter and K.Fisher, Sex Before the Sexual Revolution. Intimate Life in England 1918-63 (2010) S. Brooke, Sexual Politics: Sexuality, Family Planning and the British Left from the 1880s to the Present Day (2011), parts II and III
Marriage, Education and Employment
Geoffrey G. Field, Blood, Sweat, and Toil: Remaking the British Working Class, 1939-1945 (2011), ch. 5
14/09/2020 41 J. Finch and P. Summerfield, ‘Social Reconstruction and the Emergence of Companionate Marriage, 1945-59’, in D. Clark (ed.), Marriage, Domestic Life and Social Change (1991) P. Summerfield, ‘Women in Britain since 1945: Companionate Marriage and the Double Burden’, in J. Obelkevich and P. Catterall (eds), Understanding Post-war British Society (1994) J. Lewis & K. Kiernan, ‘The Boundaries between Marriage, Non-marriage and Parenthood: Changes in Behaviour and Policy in Postwar Britain’, Journal of Family History 1996 A. Davis, Modern Motherhood: Women and Family in England c. 1945-2000 (2012) J. Lewis, ‘Public Institution and Private Relationship: Marriage and Marriage Guidance, 1920-1968’, TCBH 1990 R. Crompton (ed.), Restructuring Gender Relations and Employment: The Decline of the Male Breadwinner (1999) P. Thane, ‘Girton Graduates: Earning and Learning, 1920s-1980s’, Women’s History Review 2004 S. Aiston, ‘A Good Job for a Girl? The Career Biographies of Women Graduates of the University of Liverpool Post-1945’, TCBH 2004 P. Ayers, ‘Work, Culture and Gender: The Making of Masculinities in Post-War Liverpool’, Labour History Review 2004 D.S. Wilson, ‘A New Look at the Affluent Worker: The Good Working Mother in Post-War Britain’, TCBH 2006 H.L. Smith, ‘The Politics of Conservative Reform: The Equal Pay for Equal Work Issue, 1945-1955’, HJ 35 (1992) * C. Langhamer, The English in Love (2013) C. Langhamer, ‘Love and Courtship in Mid-20th Century England’, HJ 2007 C. Langhamer , ‘Adultery in Post-War England’, HWJ 2006 C. Langhamer, ‘Love, Selfhood and Authenticity in Post-War Britain’, Cultural and Social History 2012 C.G. Brown, The Death of Christian Britain: Understanding Secularization 1800-2000 (2000) L. King, 'Now you see a great many men pushing their pram proudly': Family-orientated masculinity represented and experienced in mid-twentieth-century Britain', Cultural and Social History 2013 L. King 'Hidden Fathers? The significance of fatherhood in mid-twentieth-century Britain', Contemporary British History 2012 Helen McCarthy, ‘Social Science and Married Women’s Employment in Post-War Britain’, P&P 2016 H. McCarthy, ‘Women, Marriage and Paid Work in Post-war Britain’, Women’s History Review (2017) L. McDowell, Migrant Women's Voices: Talking About Life and Work in the UK Since 1945 (2016) B. Bush, ‘Family Misfortunes? Gendered perspectives on West Indian migration, welfare policies and cultural racism in post-Second World War Britain’ in Craig-Norton, Hoffman, and Kushner, Migrant Britain: Histories and Historiographies : Essays in Honour of Colin Holmes (2018) H. McCarthy, Double Lives: A History of Working Motherhood (2020), ch. 10 L. Ryan and Webster, Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain (2016).
Postwar Feminism
C. Steedman, Landscape for a Good Woman (1986) L. Heron (ed.), Truth, Dare or Promise: Girls Growing Up in the Fifties (1985) C. Langhamer, Women’s Leisure in England 1920-60 (2000) A. McRobbie, Feminism and Youth Culture: From Jackie to Just Seventeen, 2nd ed. (2000) L.E. Nym Mayhall, ‘Domesticating Emmeline: Representing the Suffragette, 1930-1993’, NWSA Journal 1999 W. Webster, Imagining Home: Gender, Race and National Identity, 1945-64 (1997)
14/09/2020 42 C. Steedman, ‘State-Sponsored Autobiography’ and P. Bailey, ‘Jazz at the Spirella - Coming of Age in 1950s Coventry’, in B. Conekin et al. (eds), Moments of Modernity: Reconstructing Britain 1945-1964 (1999) S. Rowbotham, Promise of a Dream: A Memoir of the Sixties (2000) M. Andrews, Domesticating the airwaves: broadcasting, domesticity and femininity (2012) J. Rees, ‘A Look Back at Anger: the Women's Liberation Movement in 1978’,Women's History Review (2010) N. Thomlinson, ‘The Colour of Feminism: White Feminists and Race in the Women's Liberation Movement’, History, (2012) B. Bryan et al, The Heart of the Race: Black Women’s Lives in Britain (1985; 2018) H. Carby, ‘White Woman Listen! Black Feminism and the Boundaries of Sisterhood’ in K. Owusu, Black British Culture and Society a Text-Reader (2000) S. Browne, ‘‘A Veritable Hotbed of Feminism’: Women’s Liberation in St Andrews, Scotland, c.1969- c.1979’,TCBH (2011). S. Browne, The Women’s Liberation Movement in Scotland (2014) L. Delap, ‘Feminist Bookshops, Reading Cultures and the Women’s Liberation Movement in Great Britain, c. 1974–2000’, HWJ (2016) British Library oral history collection, Sisterhood and After, https://www.bl.uk/sisterhood L. Abrams, ‘Liberating the female self: epiphanies, conflict and coherence in the life stories of post- war British women’, Social History (2014)
14/09/2020 43
17. Environmental Change and Policy
The peak of urbanization c. 1900 and the ‘dawn of green’; the growth of urban planning; postwar comprehensive redevelopment; agriculture and nature conservation; environmental consciousness.
General
* J. Sheail, An Environmental History of Twentieth-Century Britain (2002) G.E. Cherry, Town Planning in Britain since 1900: The Rise and Fall of the Planning Ideal (1996) H. Meller, Towns, Plans and Society in Modern Britain (1997) D. Hardy, From New Towns to Green Politics: Campaigning for Town and Country Planning 1946- 1990 (1991) A. Cox, Adversary Politics and Land: The Conflict over Land and Property Policy in Post-War Britain (1984) J. Moran, On Roads: A Hidden History (2009) S. O’Connell, ‘Motoring and Modernity’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 C. Otter, ‘Liberty and Ecology: Resources, Markets and the British Contribution to the Global Environmental Crisis’, in S. Gunn and J. Vernon (eds), The Peculiarities of Liberal Modernity in Imperial Britain (2011) J. Agar, ‘‟Future Forecast—Changeable and Probably Getting Worse”: The UK Government’s Early Response to Anthropogenic Climate Change’, TCBH 2015 * A. Seaton, ‘Environmental History and New Directions in Modern British Historiography’, TCBH 2018
Urban Issues
A. Ravetz, The Government of Space: Town Planning in Modern Society (1986) P. Hall et al., The Containment of Urban England, 2 vols. (1973) L. Esher, A Broken Wave: The Rebuilding of England 1940-1980 (1980) M. Glendinning, ‘Modernity, Urbanity and Rationalism: New Towns of the 20th Century’, in W.A. Brogden (ed.), The Neo-Classical Town: Scottish Contributions to Urban Design since 1750 (1996) P. Mandler, ‘“New Towns for Old”: The Fate of the Town Centre”, in B. Conekin et al. (eds), Moments of Modernity: Reconstructing Britain, 1945-1964 (1999) S. Gunn, ‘The Rise and Fall of British Urban Modernism: Planning Bradford 1945-1970’, Journal of British Studies 2010 * S. Gunn, ‘People and the Car: The Expansion of Automobility in Urban Britain, c.1955’, Social History 2013 S. Gunn, ‘The Buchanan Report, Environment and the Problem of Traffic in Towns in 1960s Britain’, TCBH 2011 J. Moran, ‘Imagining the Street in Post-War Britain’, Urban History 2013 * J. Moran, ‘Early Cultures of Gentrification in London, 1955-1980’, Journal of Urban History 2007 Peter Thorsheim, Inventing Pollution: Coal, Smoke and Culture in Britain since 1800 (2006) J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001), ch. 2 * M. Glendinning & S. Muthesius, Tower Block: Modern Public Housing in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (1994) P. Thorsheim, Inventing Pollution: Coal, Smoke and Culture in Britain since 1800 (2006) T. Cooper, ‘Challenging the “Refuse Revolution”: War, Waste and the Rediscovery of Recycling, 1900-1950’, Historical Research 2008 M. Clapson, Suburban Century: Social Change and Urban Growth in England and the United States (2003) J. Greenhalgh, Reconstructing Modernity: Space, Power and Governance in Mid-Twentieth Century British Cities (2018)
14/09/2020 44 O. Saumarez Smith, Boom Cities: Architect Planners and the Politics of Radical Urban Renewal in 1960s Britain (2019) G. Ortolano, Thatcher’s Progress: From Social Democracy to Market Liberalism Through an English New Town (2019)
Rural Issues
* J. Burchardt, Paradise Lost: Rural Idyll and Social Change in England since 1800 (2002), chs 11-17 A. Howkins, The End of Rural England: A Social History of the Countryside since 1900 (2003) H. Newby et al., Property, Paternalism and Power: Class and Control in Rural England (1978) H. Newby, Green and Pleasant Land: Social Change in Rural England (1979) P. Lowe et al., Countryside Conflicts: The Politics of Farming, Forestry and Conservation (1986) D. Evans, A History of Nature Conservation in Britain, 2nd ed. (1997) M. Kelly, ‘Conventional Thinking and the Fragile Birth of the Nature State in Post-war Britain’, in W. von Hardenberg et al. (eds.), The Nature State: Rethinking the History of Conservation (2017) H. Ritvo, The Dawn of Green: Manchester, Thirlmere and Modern Environmentalism (2009) K. Ditt, ‘Nature Conservation in England and Germany, 1900-70: Rorerunner of Environmental Protection?’, Contemporary European History 1996 J. Sheail, ‘The Management of Wildlife and Amenity - A UK Post-War Perspective’, Contemporary Record 7 (1993) J. Sheail, ‘Sustaining the Countryside: A Welsh Post-War Perspective’, Rural History 7 (1996) J. Sheail, ‘“Never Again”: Pollution and the Management of Watercourses in Postwar Britain’, Journal of Contemporary History 33 (1998) H. Kean, Animal Rights: Political and Social Change in Britain since 1800 (1998) A. Howkins & L. Merricks, ‘“Dewy-eyed Veal Calves’: Live Animal Exports and Middle-Class Opinion, 1980-1995’, Agricultural History Review 2000 J. Hunter, The Claim of Crofting: The Scottish Highlands and Islands, 1930-1990 (1991)
14/09/2020 45 18. Education
The advent of mass education; the extension of secondary education; the Butler Act and tripartism; selection and social mobility; comprehensivization; the extension of higher education.
General
P. Mandler, The Crsis of the Meritocracy: Britain’s Transition to Mass Education since the Second World War (2020) G. Sutherland, ‘Education’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), SHB, vol. III K. Watson, ‘Education and Opportunity’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 D. Cannadine et al., The Right Kind of History: Teaching the Past in 20th Century England (2012) M. Sanderson, The Missing Stratum: Technical School Education in England 1900-1990s (1994) M. Sanderson, Education and Economic Decline in Britain, 1870 to the 1990s (1999) M. Sanderson, Educational Opportunity and Social Change in England (1987) A. Wooldridge, Measuring the Mind: Education and Psychology in England, c.1860-c.1990 (1994) A. Wooldridge, 'The English State and Educational Theory', in S.J.D. Green and R.C. Whiting (eds), The Boundaries of the State in Modern Britain (1996) W.D. Rubinstein, ‘Education and the Social Origins of British Elites, 1880-1970’, P&P 1986 R.D. Anderson, Universities and Elites in Britain since 1800 (1992) R.D. Anderson, British Universities Past and Present (2006) * L. Schwarz, ‘Professions, Elites and Universities in England, 1870-1970’, HJ 2004 Peter Mandler, 'Educating the Nation: I.-IV.' Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2014-17 A. Reeves, S. Friedman, C. Rahal and M. Flemmen, 'The Decline and Persistence of the Old Boy:Private Schools and Elite Recruitment 1896 to 2016', American Sociological Review (2017)
Before the Butler Act
* L. Brockliss and N. Sheldon (eds.), Mass Education and the Limits of State Building, c. 1870- 1930 (2012) * R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), ch. 6 O. Banks, Parity and Prestige in English Secondary Education: A Study in Educational Sociology (1955) J.S. Hurt, Elementary Schooling and the Working Classes 1860-1918 (1979) D. Vincent, Literacy and Popular Culture in England 1750-1914 (1989) R.D. Anderson, Education and Opportunity in Victorian Scotland: Schools and Universities (1983) S.J. Heathorn, For Home, Country, and Race: Constructing Gender, Class and Englishness in the Elementary School, 1880-1914 (2000) G. Sutherland, Policy Making in Elementary Education, 1870-95 (1973) L. Goldman, Dons and Workers: Oxford and Adult Education since 1850 (1995) S. Rothblatt, The Revolution of the Dons: Cambridge and Society in Victorian England (1968) G. Sutherland, ‘The Magic of Measurement: Mental Testing and English Education 1900-40’, TRHS, 1977 P. Cunningham & P. Gardner, Becoming Teachers: Texts and Testimonies 1907-1950 (2004) C. Dyhouse, No Distinction of Sex? Women in British Universities 1870-1939 (1995) K.H. Jarausch (ed.), The Transformation of Higher Learning 1860-1930 (1983) C. Adams, 'Rural education and reform between the wars', in P. Brassley, J. Burchardt and L. Thompson, (eds.), The English Countryside between the Wars: Regeneration or Decline? (2006) H. Barron, '‘Little prisoners of city streets’: London elementary schools and the School Journey Movement, 1918–1939', History of Education 2013
14/09/2020 46 The Butler Act and After
* B. Simon, Education and the Social Order 1940-1990 (1990) H. Glennerster & W. Low, ‘Education and the Welfare State: Does It Add Up?’, in J. Hills (ed.), The State of Welfare: The Welfare State in Britain since 1974 (1990) D. Thom, ‘The 1944 Education Act: The “Art of the Possible”’, in H.L. Smith (ed.), War and Social Change: British Society in the Second World War (1986) G. O’Hara, Governing Post-war Britain: The Paradoxes of Progress, 1951-1973 (2012), chs 9-10 B. Jackson & D. Marsden, Education and the Working Class (1962) J.W.B. Douglas, The Home and the School (1964) C. Steedman, ‘“The Mother Made Conscious”: The Historical Development of a Primary School Pedagogy’, HWJ 1985 M. Young, The Rise of the Meritocracy 1870-2033: An Essay on Education and Equality (1958) * L. Paterson and C. Iannelli, ‘Patterns of Absolute and Relative Mobility: A comparative Study of England, Wales and Scotland’, Sociological Research Online (2007)
* A.H. Halsey et al., Origins and Destinations: Family, Class and Education in Modern Britain (1980) J.H. Goldthorpe et al., Social Mobility and Class Structure in Modern Britain (1980) M. Arnot et al., Closing the Gender Gap: Post-War Education and Social Change (1999) A. Saint, Towards a Social Architecture: The Role of School Building in Post-War England (1987) Oxford Review of Economic Policy, special issue on education, Summer 2004 C. Chitty, New Labour and Secondary Education, 1994-2010 (2013) D. Kynaston, Modernity Britain: opening the box, 1957-59 (2013), chapter 9 C. Hilliard, English as a vocation: the Scrutiny movement (2012), chapter 4 S. Todd, The People: The Rise and Fall of the Working Class, 1910-2010 (2014), chapter 10 V. Brooks, 'The Role of External Examinations in the Making of Secondary Modern Schools in England 1945-65', History of Education 2008 J. H. Goldthorpe, 'Understanding - and Misunderstanding – Social Mobility in Britain: The Entry of the Economists, the Confusion of Politicians and the Limits of Educational Policy', Journal of Social Policy 42 (2013), 431-50. L. Carter, ‘‘Experimental’ Secondary Modern Education in Britain, 1948–1958’, Cultural and Social History 2016 L.Tisdall, ‘Education, parenting and concepts of childhood in England, c. 1945 to c. 1979’, CBH 2017 L. Tisdall, A Progressive Education? How childhood changed in mid-twentieth-century English and Welsh schools (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2019), chapter 7 K. Andrews, Resisting racism: race, inequality and the Black Supplementary School Movement (2013) F. Dhondy et al, The black explosion in British schools (1982) O. Esteves, ‘Babylon by Bus? The dispersal of immigrant children in England, race and urban space (1960s–1980s)’, Paedagogica Historica (2018) O. Esteves, The ‘desegregation’ of English schools: bussing, race, and urban space, 1960s-80s (Manchester, 2019) J. Gerrard, Radical childhoods: Schooling and the struggle for social change (2014) N.M. Jackson, ‘The Ties That Bind: Questions of Empire and Belonging in British Educational Activism’ in Blackness in Britain ed. Andrews and Palmer (2016) H.S. Mirza, Young, female, and Black (1992) [UL PDF] S. Tomlinson, Race and education: policy and politics in Britain (2008) P. Warmington, Black British intellectuals and education: multiculturalism’s hidden history (2014) SESC, 'Briefing Paper: Race and Immigration', https://sesc.hist.cam.ac.uk/wp- content/uploads/2018/01/Briefing-paper-Race-and-immigration.pdf
14/09/2020 47 19. Faith and Belief
The secularization debate; the growth of religious pluralism; regional and sectional differences; how important were the 1960s?; ‘new religious movements’ and new forms of belief and spirituality.
General
J. Wolffe, ‘Religion and Secularization’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 J. Obelkevich, ‘Religion’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), CSB, vol. III L. Woodhead and R. Catto (eds), Religion and Change in Modern Britain (2012) C.G. Brown, Religion and Society in 20th-Century Britain (2006) C.G. Brown, Religion and Society in Scotland since 1707 (1997) K. Robbins, ‘Religion and Community in Scotland and Wales since 1800’, in S. Gilley and W.J. Sheils (eds), A History of Religion in Britain (1994) G.I.T. Machin, Churches and Social Issues in Twentieth-Century Britain (1997) C.G. Brown, Up-helly-aa: Culture, Custom and Community in Shetland (1998) D. H. McLeod & W. Ustorf (eds), The Decline of Christendom in Western Europe, 1750-2000 (2003) L. Delap and S. Morgan, Men, Masculinities and Religious Change in Twentieth-Century Britain (2013)
Secularization
* C.G. Brown, The Death of Christian Britain: Understanding Secularization 1800-2000 (2000) C.G. Brown, ‘Did Urbanization Secularize Britain?’, Urban History Yearbook 1988 C.G. Brown, ‘The People of “No Religion”: the Demographics of Secularisation in the English- Speaking World since c. 1900’, Archiv für Sozialgeschichte 2011 * J. Morris, ‘The Strange Death of Christian Britain: Another Look at the Secularization Debate’, HJ 2003, and ‘Secularization and Religious Experience: Arguments in the Historiography of Modern British Religion’, HJ 2012 D. Erdozain, ‘‟Cause is not Quite What it Used to Be”’: The Return of Secularisation’, English Historical Review 2012 S.J.D. Green, The Passing of Protestant England: Secularisation and Social Change, c.1920- 1960 (2011) T.W. Heyck, ‘The Decline of Christianity in Twentieth-Century Britain’, Albion 1996 S. Bruce (ed.), Religion and Modernization: Sociologists and Historians Debate the Secularization Thesis (1992) S. Brewitt-Taylor, ‘The Invention of a ‘Secular Society’? Christianity and the Sudden Appearance of Secularisation Discourses in the British National Media, 1961-1964’, TCBH (2013) C.G. Brown, Religion and the Demographic Revolution: Women and Secularisation (2012) Baker, Graham, ‘Christianity and Eugenics: The Place of Religion in the British Eugenics Education Society and the American Eugenics Society, c.1907-1940’ Social History of Medicine (2014) Alister Chapman, ‘The International Context of Secularization in England: The End of Empire, Immigration, and the Decline of Christian National Identity, 1945–1970’, JBS (2015)
Faith and Belief to 1939
P.J. Bowler, Reconciling Science and Religion: The Debate in Early Twentieth Century Britain (2001) * S. Williams, ‘The Language of Belief: An Alternative Agenda for the Study of Victorian Working- Class Religion’, Journal of Victorian Culture 1996 J. Wolffe, God and Greater Britain: Religion and National Life in Britain and Ireland, 1843- 1950 (1994)
14/09/2020 48 S.C. Williams, Religious Belief and Popular Culture: A Study of the South London Borough of Southwark c1880-1939 (1993) S.J.D. Green, Religion in the Age of Decline: Organization and Experience in Industrial Yorkshire, 1870-1920 (1996) R. Sykes, ‘Popular Religion in Decline: A Study of the Black Country’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 2005 H. McLeod, Religion and Society in England 1850-1914 (1996) P.J. Walker, Pulling the Devil’s Kingdom Down: The Salvation Army in Victorian Britain (2001) S. Budd, ‘The Loss of Faith: Reasons for Unbelief among Members of the Secular Movement in England, 1850-1950’, P&P 1967 R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), ch. 7
Faith and Belief since 1939
J. Garnett et al. (eds), Redefining Christian Britain: Post-1945 Perspectives (2007) * G. Davie, Religion in Britain (2015) A. Day, Believing in Belonging: Belief and Social Identity in the Modern World (2011) C. Field, ‘Puzzled People Revisited: Religious Believing and Belonging in Wartime Britain’, TCBH 2008 C. Brown, ‘“The Unholy Mrs Knight” and the BBC: Secular Humanism and the Threat to the ‘Christian Nation’, c.1945–60’, English Historical Review 2012 * H. McLeod, The Religious Crisis of the 1960s (2007) S. Brewitt-Taylor, Christian Radicalism in the Church of England and the Invention of the British Sixties, 1957-1970 : The Hope of a World Transformed (2018) K. Thompson, ‘How Religious Are The British?’, in T. Thomas (ed.), The British: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices 1800-1986 (1988) G.I.T. Machin, ‘British Churches and Social Issues 1945-60’, TCBH 1996 K. Connell. Black Handsworth: Race in 1980s Britain. (2019) chapt. 4 H. Ansari, The ‘Infidel’ Within: Muslims in Britain since 1800 (2004) P. Heelas, The New Age Movement: The Celebration of the Self and the Sacralization of Modernity (1996) B. Wilson and J. Cresswell (eds), New Religious Movements: Challenge and Response (1999) E. Barker, New Religious Movements: A Practical Introduction, 5th ed. (1995) S.J. Sutcliffe & M. Bowman (eds), Beyond New Age: Exploring Alternative Spirituality (2000) J. Richards et al. (eds), Diana, The Making of a Media Saint (1999) J. Thomas, Diana's Mourning: A People's History (2002) C. Taylor, A Secular Age (2007)
14/09/2020 49
20. Crime and Punishment
The measurement of crime: criminal statistics, prosecution rates, ‘moral panics’; patterns of crime: murder, violence, theft, ‘crimes against the person’; attitudes to police; penal reform.
General
H. Johnston (ed.), Punishment and Control in Historical Perspective (2008) A.-M. Kilday and D. Nash (eds), Histories of Crime: Britain 1600-2000 (2010) V.A.C. Gatrell, ‘Crime, Authority and the Policeman-State’, in F.M.L. Thompson (ed.), SHB, vol. III * C. Emsley, Crime and Society in Twentieth Century England (2011) * D. Garland, The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society (2001) C. Emsley, Hard Men: The English and Violence since 1750 (2005) J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001), ch. 7
Crime
V.A.C. Gatrell, ‘The Decline of Theft and Violence in Victorian and Edwardian England and Wales, 1834-1914’, in Gatrell et al. (eds), Crime and the Law: The Social History of Crime in Western Europe since 1500 (1980) W.M. Meier, Property Crime in London, 1850-Present (2011) W. Jennings, S. Farrall and S. Bevan, ‘The Economy, Crime and Time: An Analysis of Recorded Property Crime in England and Wales, 1961-2006, International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice (2012) S. Slater, ‘Street Disorder in the Metropolis, 1905-39’, Law, Crime and Society 2012 * J. Laite, Common Prostitutes and Ordinary Citizens: Commercial Sex in London, 1885-1960 (2011) H. Taylor, ‘Rationing Crime: The Political Economy of Criminal Statistics since the 1850s’, EcHR 1998 R.M. Morris, ‘Lies, Damned Lies and Criminal Statistics in England and Wales’, Crime, History and Societies 2001 B. Godfrey, ‘Changing Prosecution Practices and their Impact on Crime Figures, 1857-1940’, British Journal of Criminology 2008 P. Mayhew and M. Hough, ‘The British Crime Survey: Origins and Impact’, in (Eds) M. Maguire & J. Pointing (eds), Victims of Crime: A New Deal (1988) J.S. Cockburn, ‘Patterns of Violence in English Society: Homicide in Kent, 1500-1985’, P&P 1991 L. Stone, ‘Interpersonal Violence in English Society 1300-1980’, P&P 1983, and debate with J.A. Sharpe, P&P 1985 C. Davies, ‘Moralization and Demoralization: A Moral Explanation for Changes in Crime, Disorder and Social Problems’, in D. Anderson (ed.), The Loss of Virtue: Moral Confusion and Social Disorder in Britain and America (1992) R. Samuel, East End Underworld (1981) A. Davies, ‘Youth Gangs, Masculinity and Violence in Late Victorian Manchester and Salford’, Journal of Social History 1998 J. White, The Worst Street in North London: Campbell Bunk, Islington, Between the Wars (1986) G. Pearson, Hooligan: A History of Respectable Fears (1983) * R. Reiner et al., ‘No More Happy Endings? The Media and Popular Concern about Crime since the Second World War’, in T. Hope and R. Sparks (eds.), Crime, Risk and Insecurity (2000) * M. Tonry, ‘Why Crime Rates are Falling Throughout the Western World’, Crime and Justice 2014 N. Jackson, ‘“A nigger in the new England”: ‘Sus’, the Brixton riot, and citizenship’, African and Black Diaspora: An International Journal, (2015)
14/09/2020 50 Policing and the Law
C. Emsley, The English Police: A Political and Social History (1991) D.J.V. Jones, Crime and Policing in the Twentieth Century: The South Wales Experience (1996) * J. Davis, ‘From “Rookeries” to “Communities”: Race, Poverty and Policing in London, 1850- 1985’, HWJ 1989 D. Churchill, ‘Popular Animosity Towards the Police in Late-19th Century Leeds’, Social History 2014 L.A. Jackson, ‘Care or Control? The Metropolitan Women Police and Child Welfare, 1919-1969’, HJ 2003 * A. Davies, ‘The Police and the People: Gambling in Salford 1900-1939’, HJ 1991 L.A. Jackson, ‘“The Coffee Club Menace”: Policing Youth, Leisure and Sexuality in Postwar Manchester’, Cultural and Social History 2008 L. Jackson and A. Bartie, Policing Youth, 1945-70 (2014) K. Bradley, ‘Juvenile Delinquency and the Public Sphere: Exploring Local and National Discourses in England, c.1940-1969’, Social History 2012 S. Hall et al., Policing The Crisis: Mugging, the State, and Law and Order (1978) K. Connell, ‘Policing the Crisis 35 Years On’, CBH 2015 D. Briggs (ed.), The English Riots of 2011: A Summer of Discontent (2012) B.J. Porter, The Origins of the Vigilant State: The London Metropolitan Police Special Branch Before the First World War (1987) R.J. Weitzer, Policing Under Fire: Ethnic Conflict and Police-Community Relations in Northern Ireland (1995) D.M. Anderson & D. Killingray, David (eds), Policing the Empire: Government, Authority and Control, 1830-1940 (1991) R. Waters, Thinking Black (2018) ch. 5 Nicole M. Jackson, ‘Imperial Suspect: Policing Colonies within “Post”-Imperial England’, Callaloo, 39.1 (2016), 203–15. James Whitfield, ‘The Metropolitan Police: Alienation, Culture, and Relations with London's Caribbean Community 1950-1970’, Crime, Histoire & Sociétés / Crime, History & Societies,(2003) E. Linstrum, ‘Domesticating Chemical Weapons: Tear Gas and the Militarization of Policing in the British Imperial World, 1919–1981’, Journal of Modern History, (2019)
See also 23. Youth and Youth Cultures
Prisons and Punishment
M. Wiener, Reconstructing the Criminal: Culture, Law and Policy in England, 1830-1914 (1990) V. Bailey, ‘English Prisons, Penal Culture, and the Abatement of Imprisonment, 1895-1922’, JBS 1997 V. Bailey, Delinquency and Citizenship: Reclaiming the Young Offender, 1914-1948 (1987) D. Garland, Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Strategies (1985)
14/09/2020 51 14/09/2020 52 21. Race and Immigration
Liberalism and cosmopolitanism; ‘scientific’ racism and its decline; the experience of mass immigration; immigration control; ethnic minority communities; race relations and the making of a ‘multicultural’ society.
General
D. Feldman, ‘Nationality and Ethnicity’, and T. Kushner, ‘Immigration and “Race Relations” in Postwar British Society’, in P. Johnson (ed.), TCB P. Panayi, ‘Immigration, Multiculturalism and Racism’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 S. Constantine, ‘Migrants and Settlers’, in J.M. Brown & W.R. Louis (eds), The Oxford History of the British Empire, vol. IV: The 20th Century (1999) D. Cesarani, ‘The Changing Character of Citizenship and Nationality in Britain’, in D. Cesarani & M. Fulbrook (eds), Citizenship, Nationality and Migration in Europe (1996) P. Ward, Britishness since 1870 (2004), ch. 6 C. Holmes, A Tolerant Country? Immigrants, Refugees and Minorities in Britain (1991) B. Schwarz, The White Man’s World (2011)
Race in Science and Culture
M. Thomson, ‘“Savage Civilisation”: Race, Culture and Mind in Britain, 1898-1939’, in W. Ernst and B. Harris (eds), Race, Science and Medicine, 1700-1960 (1999) * E. Barkan, The Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States between the World Wars (1992) * C. Waters, ‘“Dark Strangers” in our Midst: Discourses of Race and Nation in Britain, 1947-1963’, JBS 1997 P. Gilroy, ‘There Ain’t No Black in the Union Jack’: The Cultural Politics of Race and Nation (1987) T. Kushner, We Europeans? Mass-Observation, ‘Race’ and British Identity in the 20th Century (2004) W. Webster, Englishness and Empire 1939-1965 (2005) S. Ward (ed.), British Culture and the End of Empire (2001) T. Kushner & K. Lunn (eds), Traditions of Intolerance: Historical Perspectives on Fascism and Race Discourse in Britain (1989) K. Lunn (ed.), Race and Labour in Twentieth-Century Britain (1995) Hilary Buxton, ‘Imperial Amnesia: Race, Trauma and Indian Troops in the First World War’, P&P (2018) Damon Salesa, ‘Race’, in The Ashgate Research Companion to Modern Imperial Histories, ed. by Levine and Marriott (2012) Gavin Schaffer, ‘“Like a Baby with a Box of Matches”: British Scientists and the Concept of “Race” in the Inter-War Period’, The British Journal for the History of Science, 38.3 (2005), 307–24. Gavin Schaffer, Racial Science and British Society, 1930-62 (2008) David Singerman, 'Keynesian Eugenics and the Goodness of the World', JBS (2016)
Immigrants before 1948
L. Tabili, Global Migrants, Local Culture: Natives and Newcomers in Provincial England, 1841-1939 (2011) J. Belich, Replenishing the Earth: The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Anglo-World, 1783-1939 (2009), part 3 D. Feldman, Englishmen and Jews: Social Relations and Political Culture, 1840-1914 (1994) C. Holmes, Anti-Semitism in British Society, 1876-1939 (1979) D.M. MacRaild, Irish Migrants in Modern Britain 1750-1922 (1999)
14/09/2020 53 S. Gilley & R. Swift (ed.), The Irish in Britain, 1815-1939 (1989) S. Fielding, ‘A Separate Culture?: Irish Catholics in Working-Class Manchester and Salford, c1890- 1939’, in A. Davies & S. Fielding, Steven (eds), Workers’ Worlds: Cultures and Communities in Manchester and Salford, 1880-1939 (1992) L. Marks, ‘“The luckless waifs and strays of humanity”: Irish and Jewish Immigrant Unwed Mothers in London, 1870-1939’, TCBH 1992 L. Tabili, We Ask For British Justice: Workers and Racial Difference in Late Imperial Britain (1994) A. Burton, ‘Making a Spectacle of Empire: Indian Travellers in Fin-de-Siècle London’, HWJ 1996 A.S. Rush, Bonds of Empire: West Indians and Britishness from Victoria to Decolonization (2011), parts 1 and 2 * J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001), ch. 3 Marc Matera, Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the 20th Century (2012) D. Holland, ‘The Social Networks of South Asian Migrants in the Sheffield Area During the Early Twentieth Century’ P&P (2017) G. Balachandran, ‘Subaltern Cosmopolitanism, Racial Governance and Multiculturalism: Britain, c. 1900–45’, Social History, 39.4 (2014), 528–46 N. El-Enany, (B)Ordering Britain: Law, Race and Empire (2020), ch. 2 J. Saha, ‘Murder at London Zoo: late colonial sympathy in interwar Britain, American Historical Review, 121/5 (2016) P. Panayi, An Immigration History of Britain: Multicultural Racism since 1800 R. Shilliam, ‘Ethiopianism, Englishness, Britishness: Struggles over Imperial Belonging’, Citizenship Studies, (2016). G. Benton and E.T. Gomez, The Chinese in Britain, 1800 - Present: Economy, Transnationalism, Identity (2011) Susan Tananbaum, Jewish Immigrants in London, 1880-1939 ( 2014) John Seed, ‘Limehouse Blues: Looking for Chinatown in the London Docs, 1900-1940' , HWJ (2006), 58-85. Panikos Panayi, Migrant City: A New History of London (2020)
Immigration and Ethnicity since 1948
C. Holmes, ‘Immigration’, in T. Gourvish & A. O’Day (eds), Britain since 1945 (1991) G. Freeman, Immigrant Labour and Racial Conflict: The French and British Experience 1945- 75 (1979) S. Saggar, ‘Immigration and Economics: The Politics of Race in the Postwar Period’, in H. Fawcett & R. Lowe (eds), Welfare Policy in Britain: The Road from 1945 (1999) J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001), ch. 4 J. Davis, ‘Rents and Race in 1960s London: New Light on Rachmanism’, TCBH 2001 W. Webster, Imagining Home: Gender, Race and National Identity, 1945-64 (1997), chs 2-3 * A.S. Rush, Bonds of Empire: West Indians and Britishness from Victoria to Decolonization (2011), part 3 W. James, ‘The Black Experience in Twentieth-Century Britain’, in P. Morgan and S. Hawkins (eds), Black Experience and the Empire (2004) M. Collins, ‘Pride and Prejudice: West Indian Men in Mid-Twentieth Century Britain’, JBS 2001 P. Brooke, ‘India, Post-Imperialism and the Origins of Enoch Powell’s “Rivers of Blood” Speech’, HJ 2007 T. Abbas (ed.), Muslim Britain: Communities Under Pressure (2005) P. Hopkins and R. Gale (eds), Muslims in Britain: Race, Place and Identities (2009) S. Gilliat-Ray, Muslims in Britain (2010) Claire Alexander, Joya Chatterji and Annu Jalais, The Bengal Diaspora: Rethinking Muslim Migration (2016), chs. 4, 7
14/09/2020 54 G. Benton and E.T. Gomez, The Chinese in Britain, 1800 - Present: Economy, Transnationalism, Identity (2011) Kennetta Hammond Perry, London is the Place for Me: Black Britons, Citizenship and the Politics of Race (2015), esp. chs. 2, 5, 6 C.Wills, Lovers and Strangers: An Immigrant History of Post-War Britain (2017) R. Waters, Thinking Black: Britain, 1964-1985 (2018)
Multiculturalism
R. Hansen, Citizenship and Immigration in Post-War Britain: The Institutional Origins of a Multicultural Nation (2000) D. Hiro, Black British White British: A History of Race Relations in Britain (1991) * K. Paul, ‘From Subjects to Immigrants: Black Britons and National Identity, 1948-62’, in R. Weight & A. Beach (eds), The Right to Belong: Citizenship and National Identity in Britain, 1930-1960 (1998) K. Paul, Whitewashing Britain: Race and Citizenship in the Postwar Era (1997) Marc Matera, Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century (2015) M. Nava, Visceral Cosmopolitanism: Gender, Culture and the Normalisation of Difference (2007) Elizabeth Buettner, ‘Would You Let Your Daughter Marry a Negro? Race and Sex in the 1950s’, in P. Levine and S. Grayzel (eds.), Gender, Labour, War and Empire (2009) Clive Webb, ‘Special Relationships: Mixed Race Couples in Post-war Britain and the United States’, Women's History Review 2016 * D. Feldman, ‘Why the English Like Turbans: Multicultural Politics in British History’, in D. Feldman and J. Lawrence (eds), Structures and Transformations in Modern British History (2011) D. Goodhart, The British Dream: Successes and Failures of Post-war Immigration (2013) Gavin Shaffer, The Vision of a Nation: Making Multiculturalism on British Television, 1960-80 (2014) K. Connell. Black Handsworth: Race in 1980s Britain. (2019) G. Shaffer, ‘“Till Death Do Us Part” and the BBC: Racial Politics and the British Working Classes, 1965-75’, JCH 2010 B. Gray, ‘The 1980s Irish Emigrant and “Multicultural” London: From “Ethnicity” to “Diaspora”’, in Andy Bielenberg (ed.), The Irish Diaspora (2000) R. Bivins, Contagious Communities. Medicine, Migration and the NHS in post-war Britain (2015) Buettner, Elizabeth. ‘Going for an Indian: South Asian Restaurants and the Limits of Multiculturalism in Britain’. The Journal of Modern History (2008) N. El-Enany, (B)Ordering Britain (2019) ch. 3 K. Owusu, Black British Culture and Society a Text-Reader (2000). Z. Layton-Henry, The Politics of Immigration: Immigration, ‘race’ and ‘Race’ Relations in Post-War Britain (1992). P. Panayi, An Immigration History of Britain: Multicultural Racism since 1800 N. Jackson, ‘The Ties That Bind: Questions of Empire and Belonging in British Educational Activism’ in Blackness in Britain ed. Andrews and Palmer (2016) R. Kelley and S. Tuck, The Other Special Relationship: Race, Rights, and Riots in Britain and the United States, (2015). S. Hirsch, In the Shadow of Enoch Powell: Race, Locality and Resistance (2018) C. Schofield and B. Jones, ‘“Whatever Community Is, This Is Not It”: Notting Hill and the Reconstruction of “Race” in Britain after 1958’, JBS (2019) G. Schaffer and S. Nasar, ‘The White Essential Subject: Race, Ethnicity, and the Irish in Post-War Britain’, CBH (2018)
14/09/2020 55 S. Virdee, ‘Anti-racism and the socialist left’, in Smith & Worley (eds.), Against the Grain: The British Far Left from 1956 (2014) S. Glynn, Class, ethnicity and religion in the Bengali East End (2016) Paul Field, R. E. R. Bruce, Leila Hassan, Margaret Peacock (eds.), Here to stay, here to fight: a Race Today anthology (2019) S. Hackett, Foreigners, minorities and integration: the Muslim immigrant experience in Britain and Germany (2016). K. Hammond Perry, “‘Little Rock’ in Britain: Jim Crow’s Transatlantic Topographies,” JBS, (2012) R. Natarajan, ‘Performing Multiculturalism: The Commonwealth Arts Festival of 1965’, JBS, (2014) S. Ambar, Malcolm X at Oxford Union: Racial Politics in a Global Era (2014) B. Bebber, “‘We Were Just Unwanted’: Bussing, migrant dispersal, and South Asians in London”, Social History, (2015) P. Panayi, Migrant City: A New History of London (2020) W. Webster, 'The Empire Comes Home: Commonwealth Migration to Britain', in A. Thompson ed., Britain's Experience of Empire in the Twentieth Century (2012)
14/09/2020 56 22. Mass Culture
The rise of the mass media: print, radio, cinema, television; mass leisure and its (dis)contents; cultural critiques: ‘Americanization’, ‘the intellectuals and the masses’, ‘the two cultures’.
General
R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), chs 9-13 P. Mandler, ‘Two Cultures - One - Or Many?’, in K. Burk (ed.), The British Isles since 1945 (2002) R. Hewison, Culture and Consensus: England, Art and Politics since 1940, 2nd ed. (1997) C. Bloom & G. Day (eds), Literature and Culture in Modern Britain, vol. III: 1959-1999 (2000) J. White, London in the Twentieth Century (2001), chs 7-8 J.-M. Strange, ‘Leisure’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 J. Moran, Queuing for Beginners (2007)
A. Bingham, Family Newspapers?: Sex, Private Life, and the British Popular Press 1918-1978 (2009) J. Baxendale, Priestley’s England: J.B. Priestley and English Culture (2007) * J. Rose, The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes (2001) C. Hilliard, ‘Modernism and the Common Writer’, HJ 48 (2005) C. Hilliard, To Exercise Our Talents: The Democratization of Writing in Britain (2006) M. Hampton, Visions of the Press in Britain, 1850-1950 (2004) J. McAleer, Popular Reading and Publishing in Britain 1914-1950 (1992) * R. Hoggart, The Uses of Literacy (1957) Q.D. Leavis, Fiction and the Reading Public (1932) G. Orwell, ‘Boys’ Weeklies’ (1939), in Orwell, Inside the Whale and Other Essays M. Saler, As If: Modern Enchantment and the Literary Prehistory of Virtual Reality (2010) A. Nathoo, Hearts Exposed: Transplants and the Media in 1960s Britain (2009) E. Brown & M. Grover (eds), Middlebrow Literary Cultures: the Battle of the Brows, 1920- 1960 (2011), Part II (on UK)
Music and Broadcasting
P. Scannell & D. Cardiff, A Social History of British Broadcasting, vol. I, 1922-1939, Serving the Nation (1991) A. Briggs, The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom, 5 vols. (1961-95) D.L. LeMahieu, ‘John Reith: Entrepreneur of Collectivism’, in S. Pedersen & P. Mandler (eds), After the Victorians (1994) * D. Hendy, Life On Air: A History of Radio Four (2007) * J. Nott, Music for the People: Popular Music and Dance in Interwar Britain (2002) A. Abra, ‘Doing the Lambeth Walk: Novelty Dances and the British Nation’, TCBH 2009 R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), chs 10, 12 S. Frith, ‘The Making of the British Record Industry 1920-64’, in J. Curran et al. (eds), Impacts and Influences: Essays on Media Power in the Twentieth Century (1987) Malik, Sarita. Representing Black Britain: A History of Black and Asian Images on British Television (2002) A. Blake, Land Without Music: Music, Culture and Society in Twentieth Century Britain (1997) * J. Garland et al., ‘Special Issue: Youth Culture, Popular Music and the End of “Consensus” in Post- War Britain’, Contemporary British History 2012 A. August, ‘Gender and 1960s Youth Culture: The Rolling Stones and the New Woman’, CBH 2009 S. Cohen, Rock Culture in Liverpool: Popular Music in the Making (1991)
14/09/2020 57 Joe Moran, Armchair Nation: An Intimate History of Britain in Front of the TV (2013), esp. chs. 4-7 Lawrence Black, ‘Whose Finger on the Button? British Television and the Politics of Cultural Control’, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 2005 B. Bebber, ‘The Short Life of Curry and Chips : Racial Comedy on British Television in the 1960s’, Journal of British Cinema and Television (2014) B. Bebber, ‘Till Death Us Do Part : Political Satire and Social Realism in the 1960s and 1970s’, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television (2014) S. Bourne, Black in the British Frame: The Black Experience in British Film and Television (2001) M. Dolski, S. Edwards, & F. Sayer (eds.) Histories on screen: the past and present in Anglo- American cinema and television; (2018) C. Grandy, Heroes and happy endings: class, gender, and nation in popular film and fiction in interwar Britain (2014) Christine Grandy, ‘"'The show is not about race': Custom, Screen Culture, and The Black and White Minstrel Show"’, JBS (2020) S. Malik, Representing Black Britain: Black and Asian Images on Television (2001) S. Malik & D. Newton (eds.) Adjusting the contrast: British television and constructs of race (2017) M. Matera, Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the 20th Century (2012), ch 4 D. Newton, Paving the empire road: BBC television and Black Britons (2011) D. Newton, ‘Race, immigration, and reasoning: Britain and America’s town meeting in the air’, in J. Medhurst, S. Nicholas, T. O’Malley (eds.), Broadcasting in the UK and US in the 1950s: historical perspectives (2016) S. Potter, Broadcasting empire: the BBC and the British world, 1922-1970 (2012) G. Schaffer, ‘"Till Death Us Do Part" and the BBC: Racial Politics and the British Working Classes 1965-75’, Journal of Contemporary History (2010) G. Schaffer, The Vision of a Nation: Making Multiculturalism on British Television, 1960-80 (2014) R. Waters, ‘Black Power on the Telly: America, Television, and Race in 1960s and 1970s Britain’, JBS (2015) W. Webster, Englishness and empire, 1939-1965 (2005) C. Wills, An Immigrant History of Post-War Britain (2017), ch. 8
Cinema
L. Friedman (ed.), Fires Were Started: British Cinema and Thatcherism (2nd ed. 2006) J. Ashby & A. Higson (eds), British Cinema, Past and Present (2000) * J. Sedgwick, Popular Filmgoing in 1930s Britain: A Choice of Pleasures (2000) * R. James, ‘Popular Film-going in Britain in the Early 1930s’, JCH 2011 R. McKibbin, Classes and Cultures: England 1918-1951 (1998), ch. 11 J. Richards, Films and British National Identity: From Dickens to Dad's Army (1997) J. Richards, The Age of the Dream Palace: Cinema and Society in Britain, 1930-1939 (1974) A. Aldgate & J. Richards, The Best of British: Cinema and Society 1930-1960, 2nd ed. (1999)
Sport and Leisure
R. Holt (ed.), Sport and the Working Class in Modern Britain (1990) R. Holt, Sport and the British: A Modern History (1989) D. Russell, Football and the English: A Social History of Association Football in England, 1863- 1995 (1997) B. Bebber (ed.), Leisure and Cultural Conflict in Twentieth Century Britain (2012) J.K. Walton, The British Seaside: Holidays and Resorts in the Twentieth Century (2000)
14/09/2020 58 P. Mandler, The Fall and Rise of the Stately Home (1997), ch. 9 S. McConnell, The Car and British Society: Class, Gender and Motoring 1896-1939 (1998) J. Walkowitz, Nights Out: Life in Cosmopolitan London (2012)
Americanization
V. de Grazia, Irresistible Empire: America’s Advance Through Twentieth-Century Europe (2005) R. Pells, Not Like Us (1997) J. Wiener and M. Hampton (eds.), Anglo-American Media Interactions, 1850-2000 (2007) P. Bailey, ‘Fats Waller meets Harry Champion: Americanization, National Identity and Sexual Politics in Interwar British Music Hall,’ Cultural and Social History 2007 S. Nixon, Hard Sell: Advertising, Affluence and Transatlantic Relations c. 1951-69 (2013) G. Shaw, L. Curth and A. Alexander, ‘Selling Self-Service and the Supermarket: The Americanization of Food Retailing in Britain, 1945-60’, Business History 2004 N. Tiratsoo & J. Tomlinson, ‘Exporting the “Gospel of Productivity”: United States Technical Assistance and British Industry 1945-1960’, Business History Review 1997
See also 15. Class and Social Change since 1945
Responses
* D.L. LeMahieu, A Culture for Democracy: Mass Communication and the Cultivated Mind in Britain Between the Wars (1988) S. Anthony, Public Relations and the Making of Modern Britain (2012) J. Carey, The Intellectuals and the Masses: Pride and Prejudice Among the Literary Intelligentsia 1880-1939 (1992) C. Hilliard, English as a Vocation (2012) * G. Ortolano, The Two Cultures Controversy: Science, Literature and Cultural Politics in Postwar Britain (2009) S. Collini, ‘With Friends Like These: John Carey and Noel Annan’, ‘Critical Minds: Raymond Williams and Richard Hoggart’, in Collini, English Pasts (1999) S. Collini, Absent Minds: Intellectuals in Britain (2006), pts. I and II B. Rieger, Technology and the Culture of Modernity in Britain and Germany 1890-1945 (2005), esp. ch. 4 R. Williams, Culture and Society 1780-1950 (1958)
14/09/2020 59 23. Youth and Youth Cultures
The invention of ‘adolescence’; class and youth culture; ‘subcultures’: Teds, Mods, Rockers; ‘moral panics’; gender and subculture; what difference did the ‘60s make?
Childhood and Youth
H. Cunningham, The Children of the Poor: Representations of Childhood since the Seventeenth Century (1991) S. Frith, The Sociology of Youth (1984) * H. Hendrick, Child Welfare in England 1872-1989 (1994) R. Cooter (ed.), In the Name of the Child: Health and Welfare 1880-1940 (1992) P. Tinkler, ‘Youth’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 J. Savage, Teenage: The Creation of Youth 1875-1945 (2007)
Youth Cultures before 1945
A. Davies, The Gangs of Manchester (2009) A. Davies, ‘Youth Gangs, Masculinity and Violence in Late Victorian Manchester and Salford’, Journal of Social History 32 (1998) A. Davies, ‘Youth Gangs, Gender and Violence, 1870-1900’, in S. D'Cruze (ed.), Everyday Violence in Britain, 1850-1950: Gender and Class (1999) * B. Osgerby, ‘From the Roaring Twenties to the Swinging Sixties: Continuity and Change in British Youth Culture, 1929-1959’, in B. Brivati & H. Jones (eds), What Difference Did the War Make? (1993) S. Humphries, Hooligans or Rebels? An Oral History of Working-Class Childhood and Youth 1870- 1939 (1981) A. Davin, Growing Up Poor: Home, School and Street in London 1870-1914 (1996) H. Hendrick, Images of Youth: Age, Class and the Male Youth Problem, 1880-1920 (1990) P. Cox, Pamela, Gender, Justice and Welfare: Bad Girls in Britain 1900-1950 (2003) P. Tinkler, ‘Cause for Concern: Young Women and Leisure, 1930-50', Women's History Review 2003 S. Todd, ‘Young Women, Work, and Leisure in Interwar England’, HJ 2005 * S. Todd, ‘Flappers and Factory Lads: Youth and Youth Culture in Interwar Britain’, History Compass 2006 M. Tebbutt, Being Boys: Youth, Leisure and Identity in the Inter-war Years (2012) J. Nott, Music for the People: Popular Music and Dance in Interwar Britain (2002), ch. 7 D. Fowler, The First Teenagers: The Lifestyle of Young Wage-Earners in Interwar Britain (1995)
Youth Cultures since 1945
A. Marwick, The Sixties: Cultural Revolution in Britain, France, Italy, and the United States, c. 1958 – c. 1974 (1998) * D. Hebdige, Subculture: The Meaning of Style (1979) S. Frith, Sound Effects: Youth, Leisure and the Politics of Rock (1983) S. Hall et al. (eds), Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-war Britain (1975) * S. Cohen, Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers, 3rd ed. (2002) * S. Todd and H. Young, ‘Baby-boomers to “Beanstalkers”: Making the Modern Teenager in Post- War Britain’, Cultural and Social History 2012 A. Wills, ‘Delinquency, Masculinity and Citizenship in England 1950-70’, P&P 2005 L.A. Jackson, ‘“The Coffee Club Menace”: Policing Youth, Leisure and Sexuality in Postwar Manchester’, Cultural and Social History 2008 R. Weight, Mod: A Very British Style (2013) B. Conekin, ‘Fashioning Mod Twiggy and the Moped in “Swinging” London’, History and Technology 2012
14/09/2020 60 J. Green, All Dressed Up: The Sixties and the Counterculture (1998) S. Cohen, Rock Culture in Liverpool: Popular Music in the Making (1991) C. Campbell & I. Morrison, Ready, Steady, Go: Growing Up in the Fifties and Sixties (1990) L. Heron (ed.), Truth, Dare or Promise: Girls Growing Up in the Fifties (1985) A. McRobbie, Feminism and Youth Culture: From Jackie to Just Seventeen, 2nd ed. (2000) B. Osgerby, ‘‘Bovver’ Books of the 1970s: Subcultures, Crisis and ‘Youth-sploitation’ Novels, Contemporary British History 2012 David Simonelli, Working Class Heroes: Rock Music and British Society in the 1960s and 1970s (2013) Keith Gildart, Images of England through Popular Music: Class, Youth and Rock 'n' Roll, 1955-1976 (2013) Bill Osgerby, ‘Stanley Cohen’s Folk Devils and Moral Panics Revisited’, in L. Black, H. Pemberton and P. Thane (eds.), Reassessing 1970s Britain (2013) Louise Jackson and Angela Bartie, Policing Youth, 1945-70 (2014) W. Henry, ‘Reggae, Rasta and the Role of the Deejay in the Black British Experience’, Contemporary British History, (2012) M. Worley, No Future: Punk, Politics and British Youth Culture, 1976-1984 (2017) I. Goodyer, Crisis Music: The Cultural Politics of Rock Against Racism (2009) S. Kenny, ‘A “Radical Project”: Youth Culture, Leisure, and Politics in 1980s Sheffield’, TCBH (2019) C. Melville, It's a London Thing: How Rare Groove, Acid House and Jungle Remapped the City (2019) Anandi Ramamurthy, Black Star: Britain's Asian Youth Movements (2013) R. Waters, Thinking Black (2018)
See also 22. Mass Culture
14/09/2020 61 24. National Images: History, Modernity, Britishness, Empire
Britishness and its components; ideas of nationality and citizenship; empire in metropolitan culture; ‘history’ in British culture; nostalgia and modernity; the rise of the heritage industry.
Britishness
J.H. Grainger, Patriotisms: Britain 1900-1939 (1986) R. Samuel (ed.), Patriotism: The Making and Unmaking of British National Identity, 3 vols. (1989), esp. Samuel intro. to vol. I, Potts in vol. III R. Samuel, Island Stories: Unravelling Britain (1998) * K. Robbins, Great Britain: Identities, Institutions and the Idea of Britishness (1997) * P. Ward, Britishness since 1870 (2004) * P. Mandler, The English National Character (2006), chs 4-6 S.J. Heathorn, For Home, Country, and Race: Constructing Gender, Class and Englishness in the Elementary School, 1880-1914 (2000) L. Beers and G. Thomas (eds), Brave New World: Imperial and Democratic Nation-building in Britain between the Wars (2012) Thomas Hajkowski, The BBC and National Identity in Britain, 1922-53 (2010) W. Webster, Imagining Home: Gender, Race and National Identity, 1945-64 (1997) R. Weight & A. Beach (eds), The Right to Belong: Citizenship and National Identity in Britain, 1930- 1960 (1998) * R. Weight, Patriots: National Identity in Britain, 1940-2000 (2002) T. Nairn, The Break-Up of Britain (1977) D. Cannadine, ‘The Context, Performance and Meaning of Ritual: The British Monarchy and the “Invention of Tradition”, c.1820-1977’, in E. Hobsbawm & T. Ranger (eds), The Invention of Tradition (1983) J. Stapleton, ‘Political Thought and National Identity in Britain, 1850-1950’, in S. Collini et al. (eds), History, Religion and Culture (2000) J. Stapleton, ‘Citizenship vs. Patriotism in 20th-Century Britain’, HJ 2005 S. Pedersen & P. Mandler (eds), After the Victorians: Private Conscience and Public Duty in Modern Britain (1994), intro. & ch. 9 B.E. Conekin, ‘The Autobiography of a Nation’: The 1951 Festival of Britain (2003) A. Sampson, Anatomy of Britain (1962) D. Russell, Looking North: Northern England and the National Imagination (2004) Gillian McIntosh, The Force of Culture: Unionist Identities in Twentieth-Century Ireland (1999) G. Kearns, ‘Nation, Empire and Cosmopolis: Ireland and the Break with Britain’, in D. Gilbert, D. Matless & B. Short (eds), Geographies of British Modernity (2003) M. Jones, ‘War and National Identity since 1914’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 D. Gilbert and R. Preston, ‘Stop being so English’: Suburban Modernity and National Identity in the Twentieth Century’, in D. Gilbert, D. Matless & B. Short. (eds), Geographies of British Modernity (2003) C. Wingfield, 'From Greater Britain to Little England', Museum History Journal 2011 F. Bechhofer and D. McCrone, ‘Choosing National Identity’, Sociological Research Online (2010), Susan Condor, ‘Sense and Sensibility: The Conversational Etiquette of English National Self- Identification’, in A. Aughey & C. Berbech (eds), These Englands: A Conversation on National Identity (2010) Ian McBride, 'The Shadow of the Gunman: Irish Historians and the IRA’ - http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0022009411403343
Images of Empire
14/09/2020 62 J.M. Mackenzie (ed.), Imperialism and Popular Culture (1984) * J. Rose, The Intellectual Life of the British Working Classes (2001), ch. 10 * B. Porter, The Absent-Minded Imperialists (2004), chs 8-12 Andrew Thompson, The Empire Strikes Back? The Impact of Imperialism on Britain from the Mid-19th Century (2005) S.J. Potter, ‘Empire, Cultures and Identities in 19th and 20th-Century Britain’, History Compass 2007
K. Castle, Britannia’s Children: Reading Colonialism through Children’s Books and Magazines (1996) K. Boyd, ‘Exemplars and Ingrates: Imperialism and the Boy’s Story Paper, 1880-1930’, Historical Research 1994 J. English, ‘Empire Day in Britain, 1904-1958’, HJ 2006 G. Dawson, Soldier Heroes: British Adventure, Empire and the Imagining of Masculinities (1994) C. Grandy, ‘Empire, Repetition, and Reluctant Subjects: British Home Movies of Kenya, 1928–72’, Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History (2018) M. Jones, The Last Great Quest: Captain Scott’s Antarctic Sacrifice (2003) F. Spufford, I May Be Some Time: Ice and the English Imagination (1996) * B. Schwarz, The White Man’s World (2011) P. Rich, ‘Imperial Decline and the Resurgence of English National Identity, 1918-1979’, in T. Kushner & K. Lunn (eds), Traditions of Intolerance: Historical Perspectives on Fascism and Race Discourse in Britain (1989) E. Barkan, The Retreat of Scientific Racism: Changing Concepts of Race in Britain and the United States between the World Wars (1992) S. Nicholas, ‘Brushing up your Empire’: Dominion and Colonial Propaganda on the BBC’s Home Services, 1939-45’, Journal of Commonwealth History 2003 S. Ward (ed.), British Culture and the End of Empire (2001) W. Webster, Englishness and Empire 1939-1965 (2005) P. Brooke, ‘India, Post-Imperialism and the Origins of Enoch Powell’s “Rivers of Blood” Speech’, HJ 2007 A.S. Rush, Bonds of Empire: West Indians and Britishness from Victoria to Decolonization (2011)
Britain after empire
Akala, Natives: Race and Class in the Ruins of Empire (2018) J. Bailkin The afterlife of empire (2012) B. Bebber "Model Migrants? Sikh Activism and Race Relations Organisations in Britain". CBH (2017) J. Darwin ‘Memory of Empire in Britain: A Preliminary View’, in D. Rothermund (ed.) Memories of post-imperial nations: the aftermath of decolonization, 1945-2013 (2015) R. Drayton ‘Imperial History and the Human Future’, HWJ (2012) P. Gilroy Postcolonial melancholia (2005) P. Gilroy There Ain't No Black in the Union Jack (2013) A. Hirsch, Brit(ish): on race, identity, and belonging (2018) J. Lewis, Empire of Sentiment: The Death of Livingstone and the Myth of Victorian Imperialism (2018), ch. 7 M. Matera, Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the 20th Century (2015), ch. 7 M. Morris, ‘Multidirectional Memory, Many-Headed Hydras and Glasgow’, in Donington et al Britain’s History and Memory of Transatlantic Slavery (2016) P. Murphy The empire's new clothes: the myth of the Commonwealth (2018) B. Schwarz, ‘'The only white man in there': the re-racialisation of England, 1956-1968’, Race & Class (1996) Berny Sèbe & Matthew G. Stanard (eds.), Decolonising Europe?: Popular Responses to the End of Empire (2020), chs. 1 & 2
14/09/2020 63 Z. Smith Feel free: essays (2018), chs. 3 & 4 S. Stockwell The British end of the British empire (2018) A. Thompson (ed.), Britain's Experience of Empire in the Twentieth Century (2012) S. Ward & A. Rasch (eds.) Embers of empire in Brexit Britain (2019) – includes chapters on Ireland & Scotland R. Waters ‘“Britain is no longer white”: James Baldwin as a Witness to Postcolonial Britain’ African American Review, (2013) R. Waters, Thinking black: Britain, 1964-1985 (2018) E. Buettner, Europe after Empire: Decolonization, Society, and Culture (2016)
History and Modernity
H. Cocks, ‘Modernity and Modernism’, in Carnevali and Strange (eds), TCB2 J. Giles & T. Middleton (eds), Writing Englishness 1900-1950 (1995) * P. Mandler, ‘Against “Englishness”: English Culture and the Limits to Rural Nostalgia, 1850- 1940’, TRHS 1997 * P. Readman, ‘The Place of the Past in English Culture c. 1890-1914’, P&P 2005 S. Collini, ‘The Literary Critic and the Village Labourer: “Culture” in Twentieth-Century Britain’, TRHS 2004 M. Daunton & B. Rieger (eds), Meanings of Modernity: Britain from the Late-Victorian Era to World War II (2001), esp. chs 1, 5, 6, 7, 10 * R. Samuel, Theatres of Memory (revised ed 2012) M. Hunter (ed.), Preserving the Past: The Rise of Heritage in Modern Britain (1996) D. Lowenthal, The Heritage Crusade and the Spoils of History (1996) * P. Wright, On Living in an Old Country: The National Past in Contemporary Britain (1985) P. Mandler, The Fall and Rise of the Stately Home (1997) D. Cannadine, G.M. Trevelyan: A Life in History (1992) D. Matless, Landscape and Englishness (1998) P. Mandler, History and National Life (2002) B. Rieger, ‘“Modern Wonders”: Technological Innovation and Public Ambivalence in Britain and Germany, 1890s to 1933’, HWJ 2003 B. Rieger, Technology and the Culture of Modernity in Britain and Germany 1890-1945 (2005), chs 1-3, 8 M. Saler, ‘“Clap if you believe in Sherlock Holmes”: Mass Culture and the Re-enchantment of Modernity, c. 1890-c. 1940’, HJ 2003 H. Gray, ‘Clock Synchrony, Time Distribution and Electrical Timekeeping in Britain 1880-1925’, P&P 2003 * A. Light, Forever England: Femininity, Literature and Conservatism Between the Wars (1991) B. Melman, The culture of history: English uses of the past, 1800-1953 (2006), part iv L. Howsam, Past into print: the publishing of history in Britain 1850-1950 (2009), chapters 4 and 5 M. Freeman, '‘Splendid Display; Pompous Spectacle’: Historical Pageants in Twentieth-Century Britain', Social History 2013 S. Mass, ‘Commercial Heritage as Democratic Action:Historicizing the “Save the Market” Campaigns in Bradford and Chesterfield, 1969-76’, TCBH (2018)
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