DOCSLIB.ORG

The Suffragette Movement and Vegetarianism

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Suffragette Movement and Vegetarianism now in our 40th year Newsletter of the Young Indian Vegetarians Summer 2018 | Issue 61 Eva Gore-Booth The Charlotte Suffragette Despard movement and Lady Constance Vegetarianism Lytton Leonara Cohen up for animals were muzzled and ridiculed. A world where there was no empathy or mercy towards the animal kingdom also extended to a cavalier attitude Is the world moving away from towards the environment and the ecological balance the mass killing of animals in of the planet. The plundering of resources provided by nature for short term gains became respectable. slaughterhouses? Is a new dawn of Nobody thought of the consequences. Drunk with human civilisation on the horizon? arrogance and a belief that science would cure all our Throughout history great thinkers, philosophers, ills we have brought the planet to its knees. A planet spiritual leaders and even economists have spoken that had been handed over to future generations out against wanton cruelty towards animals. in a healthy state for millennia has been plundered However, the arrival of the Industrial revolution in the last 200 years - the consequences of which spelled doom for animals. Along with everything are already being felt and will jeopardise the lives that was being mechanised animals came to be of future generations. In the name of progress the seen as mere commodities and it gave birth to the human race lost its soul. idea of factory farming of animals. The dominant However against all odds tens of thousands of ideologies of the 19th Century, namely capitalism compassionate souls never gave up. In the last 50 and communism put their faith in mechanisation of years here in the UK they have campaigned day and products. These ideologies also produced a whole night, though many have passed away and many are generation of scientists and academics who very approaching old age. Their work has not gone in vain. successfully desensitised human beings by claiming A new dawn has risen. There is a vegan revolution that animals were not sentient beings, that they taking place. What we are seeing is unbelievable. could not feel pain, pleasure or any emotions. The The masses are shunning meat and dairy. Battles stage was set to use and abuse animals without any are being won for animals, governments are taking moral compunction. notice, animals are once again sentient beings. You could do anything with animals - nothing We are on the cusp of changing the human/ was out of bounds. You could artificially inseminate animal relationship from abuse and subjugation to them, you could keep them in small cages, you could compassion and empathy. To all those living and starve them and force feed them. Maximum profits, dead who for the last 50 years and more have been maximum output became the mantra. The most fighting for the cause of animals: have been fighting flesh you can get out of them, the most ruthless for the cause of animals - thank you. Your hard work and efficient means of killing them became the and dedication has paid off. You have changed the goal. Killing animals for fun, hunting them, using course of history. Your lives have not gone in vain, them for human entertainment in zoos and circuses, your life's journey has been a success. You now have wearing of animal skin, maiming and torturing a whole new generation of young people who have them to find cures for human diseases all became taken up the baton. symbols of progress in the 20th Century. Animals were doomed and a few human voices speaking Nitin Mehta The Young Indian Vegetarians Nitin Mehta, 226 London Road, West Croydon, Surrey, England CRO 2TF Tel: (044) 020 8681 8884 | Fax: (044) 020 8681 7143 email: [email protected] | Website: www.youngindianvegetarians.co.uk Communicate! Please acknowledge receipt of this newsletter by emailing us. Do you have a story you think our readers might be interested in? We would like to hear from you. Please write to us or email us with anything which you feel may be of interest. movements of the world, the awakened instinct which feels the call of the sub-human, which says, "I am the voice of the voiceless, through me the dumb will speak". The Vegetarian The Society's journal of April 1907 had this to say: 'It is interesting to see how vegetarianism Suffragette becomes related to progressive movements. Quite a number of the leaders in the women's movement and suffragist moment are vegetarians'. Suffragist activists who ended up in Holloway Vegetarianism prison opted for vegetarian food as it was much nicer then the meat that was served! Marion Wallace Dunlop, the first suffragette to go on hunger strike, was a vegetarian as were activists Leonora Cohen and Grace Roe. Lady Constance, who wrote a book called 'Prisons and Prisoners’, was a vegetarian. Suffragist, Earlier this year the country celebrated 100 poet, Irish nationalist and pacifist Eva Gore- years of women winning the right to vote. The Booth, (1870-1926) was also a vegetarian for Representation of the People Act 1918 gave the last 26 years of her life. A school of thought many women over 30 and all men over 21 the known as 'food reform’ believed; that meat was right to vote. However it was not till 1928 that all responsible for many illnesses which could be women over the age of 21 got the right to vote. alleviated or cured by switching to a vegetarian Women only got the vote after a huge struggle diet. and a relentless campaign. Many of the women The roots of the link between vegetarianism active in the Suffragette movement were also and feminism lay in the 1890s, as manifested in concerned about other injustices at the time. the radical journal, Shafts, published between Cruelty towards animals was one such issue. 1892 and 1899 and edited by Margaret Shurmer. According to Leah Leneman who wrote Sibthorp. Shafts had articles condemning a research paper called 'The Awakened hunting, wearing of fur, vivisection and wearing Instinct' there were three major suffragettes’ of hats and bonnets with ospreys and the stuffed organisations. The oldest was National Union bodies of birds. Another system of thought in of Women's Suffrage Societies (NWWSS). Victorian Britain that had a huge following at The second was the militant Women's Social the time was Theosophy. Many of the leading and Political Union (WSPU) led by Emmeline lights of the time such as Annie Besant and Pankhurst. The third was Women's Freedom Madam Blavtasky were followers and activists League (WFL). president of WFL, Charlotte in the Theosophical Society. Mahatma Gandhi, Despard, was a committed vegetarian. She first who was in London at the time, was also became vegetarian for her love of the famous associated with the Theosophists. With its basis poet Shelley. However, having come in contact in Hinduism, Theosophy naturally encouraged with Gandhi in 1909 reinforced her commitment. vegetarianism amongst its members. WFL opened vegetarian restaurants in various Gandhi was impressed by the Suffragettes parts of the country. Charlotte said: women's courting arrest and hoped that their example movement is related also with other great would inspire Indians in South Africa to go to jail page 4 in their struggle against racial discrimination. disgorge the entrails of fowl, game and fish'. Gandhi used this technique to great effect Vegetarianism was seen as an empowering tool both in South Africa and India. It was his for women. A speaker at a suffrage meeting vegetarianism that brought Gandhi in contact said, 'vegetarianism aims so directly, as women with the Theosophists, British vegetarians and aim, at the abolition of the unregenerate other radical thinkers of the time. Had Gandhi's doctrine of physical force’. mother not insisted that he take a vow not to The last suffragette Victoria Lidiard died in eat meat as a condition to going to England, he 1992. Angela Holdsworth, in an article called would not have come in contact with all these 'The Last Suffragette', says the following about people and may not have become one of the her: 'Victoria Lidiard died in 1992 aged 102. In greatest human beings in recent history. So March 1912 she was imprisoned for two months much has been written about Gandhi but hardly for taking part in Emmeline Pankhurst's day of anyone has grasped the significance of the action. She had travelled from Bristol to London life-changing impact of vegetarianism on his to protest at the Liberal Government's refusal life. to give women the vote. At a prearranged time Margaret Cousins was active in the Irish Suffragettes smashed windows all over central Women's Franchise League and the Irish London. Victoria's beat was Whitehall and she Vegetarian Society. She saw a close connection threw a stone at the War Office window. She between the two. She said that a simple grain/ was arrested and sent to Holloway prison'. And fruit/nut diet would free women from hours in yes she was a lifelong vegetarian! the kitchen cooking food! She also mentioned Eva Selina Laura Gore-Booth and her sister Constance Gore-Booth the 'fine and sensitive nature of a woman [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons Charlotte Despard: Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs should not be subjected to cooking flesh’. 'A Division, [reproduction number, e.g., LC-B2-1234] Leonara Cohen: http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/leeds/hi/people_ woman', she wrote, 'instinctively shrinks at first and_places/history/newsid_8387000/8387247.stm Lady Constance Lytton: (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lady_ from having to touch raw meat, from having to Constance_Lytton,_1908.jpg) Luxembourg 10th European country Bouquets to..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Sexual Politics of Meat by Carol J. Adams
    THE SEXUAL POLITICS OF MEAT A FEMINISTVEGETARIAN CRITICAL THEORY Praise for The Sexual Politics of Meat and Carol J. Adams “A clearheaded scholar joins the ideas of two movements—vegetari- anism and feminism—and turns them into a single coherent and moral theory. Her argument is rational and persuasive. New ground—whole acres of it—is broken by Adams.” —Colman McCarthy, Washington Post Book World “Th e Sexual Politics of Meat examines the historical, gender, race, and class implications of meat culture, and makes the links between the prac tice of butchering/eating animals and the maintenance of male domi nance. Read this powerful new book and you may well become a vegetarian.” —Ms. “Adams’s work will almost surely become a ‘bible’ for feminist and pro gressive animal rights activists. Depiction of animal exploita- tion as one manifestation of a brutal patriarchal culture has been explored in two [of her] books, Th e Sexual Politics of Meat and Neither Man nor Beast: Feminism and the Defense of Animals. Adams argues that factory farming is part of a whole culture of oppression and insti- tutionalized violence. Th e treatment of animals as objects is parallel to and associated with patriarchal society’s objectifi cation of women, blacks, and other minorities in order to routinely exploit them. Adams excels in constructing unexpected juxtapositions by using the language of one kind of relationship to illuminate another. Employing poetic rather than rhetorical techniques, Adams makes powerful connec- tions that encourage readers to draw their own conclusions.” —Choice “A dynamic contribution toward creating a feminist/animal rights theory.” —Animals’ Agenda “A cohesive, passionate case linking meat-eating to the oppression of animals and women .
    [Show full text]
  • Veganism Through a Racial Lens: Vegans of Color Navigating Mainstream Vegan Networks
    Portland State University PDXScholar University Honors Theses University Honors College 5-24-2018 Veganism through a Racial Lens: Vegans of Color Navigating Mainstream Vegan Networks Iman Chatila Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/honorstheses Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Chatila, Iman, "Veganism through a Racial Lens: Vegans of Color Navigating Mainstream Vegan Networks" (2018). University Honors Theses. Paper 562. https://doi.org/10.15760/honors.569 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in University Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Running head: VEGANISM THROUGH A RACIAL LENS 1 Veganism Through a Racial Lens: Vegans of Color Navigating Mainstream Vegan Networks by Iman Chatila An undergraduate honors thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science degree in University Honors and Psychology. Thesis Advisor: Charles Klein, PhD, Department of Anthropology Portland State University 2018 Contact: [email protected] VEGANISM THROUGH A RACIAL LENS 2 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Background 5 Methods 7 Positionality 7 Research Questions 7 Interviews & Analysis 8 Results & Discussion 8 Demographics: Race, Age, Education, & Duration of Veganism 8 Social Norms of Vegan Communities 9 Leadership & Redefining Activism 13 Food
    [Show full text]
  • Animal Rights Conference 2018 ‘Strengthening the Movement’ Organized by Farm in Los Angeles, California, from 28Th of June Till 1St of July 2018
    ANIMAL RIGHTS CONFERENCE 2018 ‘STRENGTHENING THE MOVEMENT’ ORGANIZED BY FARM IN LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, FROM 28TH OF JUNE TILL 1ST OF JULY 2018 Source: FARM, for the Animal Rights The Save Movement, The Humane Attending the conference has been Conference 2018 in Los Angeles, League, The International Primate an experience rich in sense and in California Protection League, A Well-Fed World, meetings; it has been the opportunity Stop Animal Exploitation NOW!, to approach animal rights from a new, Vegan Outreach, VegFund, Veganuary, multilayered perspective, recognizing etc. The program of the conference is the variety of paths to advance the FARM logo available here. rights of animals: that of activism on the one hand, and of the many Inspiring, challenging, exciting. So ramifications and relations the animal can we summarize the Animal Rights rights movement maintains with a vast Conference of 2018, ‘Strengthening the swath of social justice issues at global Movement’, that took place from June level on the other hand. 28th till July 1st of 2018 at the Sheraton Gateway Hotel in Los Angeles, California. Marine Lercier1, Researcher at ICALP and PhD candidate at the Faculty of Law of the Autonomous University of Barcelona, could attend Opening speech to the Animal Rights Conference thanks to a scholarship granted by the 2018, preceded by a minute of silence for the animals exploited and abused worldwide organizers. The conference was organized by the Farm Animal Rights Movement 2 (FARM) and sponsored by many Dr. Milton Mills giving a presentation on myths of the most influent and human- and facts about the human diet during a Plenary Assembly at the Conference.
    [Show full text]
  • Issue 22, 2018 '
    ISSUE 22, 2018 ' - / 2ausa CREDITS EDITOR EDITORIAL Andrew Winstanley DESIGN Nick Withers 5 NEWS 6 FEATURES EDITOR Daniel Gambitsis POLITICS AND NEWS EDITOR COMMUNITY Cameron Leakey COMMUNITY EDITOR Emelia Masari 10 ARTS & LIFESTYLE EDITORS Rushika Bhatnagar & Chris Wong SCIENCE EDITOR ADVANCING Nandita Bhatnagar & Naomi Simon- Kumar VISUAL ARTS EDITOR & ORIGINAL DESIGN ANIMAL Daphne Zheng PUZZLES Courtesy of Puzzles, Riddles and Quizzes Society RIGHTS SOCIAL MEDIA TEAM Uvini Panditharatne CONTRIBUTORS 12 MEET Thomas Carr, Cameron Leakey, Lachlan Mitchell, Kat Tokareva, Keera Ofren, Sarah Tribble, Sheuk-Yeeng Tang, Mary CAMERON 16 Gwendolon, Sophia Santillan, Astrid Cro- sland, Emelia Masari, Brian Gu, Daniel Gambitsis, Orlando Kwok-Cameron, Rushika Bhatnagar AND JOY COVER ARTIST Kaye Kennedy ILLUSTRATORS 20 ARTS & Kaye Kennedy, Jenn Cheuk, Youngi Kim CALL FOR WRITERS AND ILLUSTRATORS! Flick us an email at [email protected] REVIEWS 23 if you’re interested in contributing. FIND US ONLINE www.craccum.co.nz COLUMNS CraccumMagazine @craccum 34 SCIENCE EDITORIAL OFFICE 4 Alfred Street, Private Bag 92019, Auckland PUZZLES ADVERTISING 36 Aaron Haugh [email protected] THE ARTICLES AND OPINIONS CONTAINED 38 WITHIN THIS MAGAZINE ARE NOT NECESSARILY THOSE OF THE STAFF, AUSA OR PRINTERS. • Great discount off the RRP on most items in store* ubiq.co.nz • We buy and sell second-hand textbooks* - instant cash if you sell • Over 100,000 books in stock* - no waiting weeks for books to arrive • Open Monday to Saturday or buy securely from our website 24/7 100% Student owned - your store on campus *See in store for details 3 ' / 4 ausa ' EDITORIALEDITORIAL DUDE, WHERE’S MY EDITORIAL So: It’s that time of year again.
    [Show full text]
  • History 100 Years Since the 1911 Railway Strike, Alex Gordon, RMT
    History 100 years since the 1911 Railway Strike, Alex Gordon, RMT news August 2011 http://bristol.indymedia.org.uk/article/705569 (accessed 18/02/21012) 1916: Unionists had considered armed rebellion, Alex Kane, The Irish News, 19th March 2016, http://www.irishnews.com/news/easterrising/2016/03/26/news/1916-unionists-had-considered- armed-rebellion-443434/ (acessed 7/7/2016) 1919 Britain’s year of revolution, Simon Webb, Pen & Sword Books, 2016 1919 Police Strike in Liverpool, http://www.liverpoolpicturebook.com/2012/10/PoliceStrike1919.html (accessed 08/03/2014) A “Lingering Diminuendo”?: The Conference on Devolution 1919-1920, (PhD Thesis submitted to Cardiff University) Adam B Evans http://orca.cf.ac.uk/82389/ (accessed 7/7/2016) A domestic rebellion: the squatters movement of 1946, Howard Webber, (pdf file) http://humanities.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/collegeofhumanities/history/exhistoria/ volume4/Webber-Squatters_movement.pdf (accessed 12/04/2014) A Naval History of World War I, Paul G. Halpern, Naval Institute Press, 1995 Anarcho-Syndicalism, Rudolf Rocker (6th Edn), AK Press, 2004 Art in Revolution: Liverpool 1911 revisited, Blog post, 2011, http://gerryco23.wordpress.com/2011/07/05/art-in-revolution-1911-revisited/ (accessed 16/02/2012) At war with the Bolsheviks, The allied intervention into Russia 10171917-1920, Robert Jackson, Tom Stacey, 1972 Bakunin's heirs in South Africa: race and revolutionary syndicalism from the IWW to the International Socialist League, 1910-1921, Lucien Van der Walt, 2005, https://libcom.org/history/bakunin%E2%80%99s-heirs-south-africa-race-revolutionary-
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 5: Parks and Open Spaces
    Draft CHAPTER 5 Parks and Open Spaces Before it became intensively developed for housing, the parish of Battersea was mostly open agricultural land governed by differing types of tenure (Ill. 5.1). Perhaps a third of it was in some form of common tenure. It was from these areas that the larger public open spaces described in this chapter— Battersea Park, Clapham Common and Wandsworth Common—have come down in the guise familiar today. The two commons, as their names imply, occupied common land, governed by laws defining the rights of the lords of the manor and copyholders or commoners. Mainly they provided rough grazing and were exploited for brushwood and gravel. In addition there was the large expanse known as Battersea Common Field or Fields, located on more fertile ground closer to the river and subject to flooding. This was not full common land in the same sense as the two commons. It was owned freehold by the lord of the manor, leased or tenanted largely in strips, and intensively cultivated for arable farming or market gardening. ‘Lammas rights’ of turning out livestock over the fields for certain weeks of the year were held by local parishioners, while entertainment venues had become an established feature of its riverside sector by 1800. It was here that Battersea Park was created. The perceived public interest in both types of tenure led eventually to the emergence of Battersea’s three great open spaces. But they evolved in different ways. Battersea Park came into being by a series of accidents. After endeavouring to enclose Battersea Fields and failing, the Spencers as lords of Survey of London © English Heritage 2013 1 Draft the manor decided in the 1830s to sell the area in lots.
    [Show full text]
  • Like Most Others, I Always Thought of Farm Animals As
    2017- A Year of Growth and Opportunity We began the year with a brand-new team empowered And, myself along with FARM's former Managing Direc- by an uncommon sense of dedication and enthusiasm and the tor Jen Riley managed another winning animal rights confer- leadership of Eric Lindstrom, our new Marketing Director, ence (this is our 26th year!) near our nation's capital, assisted who has been doubling as Program Coordinator. by a dozen managers, including Vicki Beechler, Chen Cohen, Eric is directly supervising our leading programs of col- Chelsea Davis, Maggie Funkhouser, Deva Holub, Stepha- lecting hundreds of thousands of vegan pledges through online nie Jeanty, Elena Johnson, John Kane, Matt Marshall, Bryan views, then supporting these viewers on their vegan journey Monell, Rachel Pawelski, as well as staffers Ethan Eldreth, through weekly emails, with recipes and videos. He is ably Hayden Hamilton Hall, Ally Hinton, Eric Lindstrom, LaKia assisted by our new Social Media Manager Ally Hinton and Art Roberts, William Sidman, and "Woody" Wooden. (pgs. 10-11) Production Manager Christopher "Woody" Wooden. (pg. 3) We experienced a major loss this year, with Managing Our Staff We have been collecting more vegan pledges during dra- Director Jen Riley deciding to take a break from 13 years of matic visits to college campuses, street fairs, and concerts with intense activism with FARM, following our conference. We our custom-built outreach setup. The tours are staffed by were most fortunate to welcome Jessica Carlson as our new activists and led by our new Have We Been Lied To? Program Director of Operations starting in October.
    [Show full text]
  • Discourses on Vegetarianism in and Connected to the Vote Between 1909 and 1918
    ‘Pre-Eminently a Woman’s Question’? Discourses on Vegetarianism in and Connected to The Vote between 1909 and 1918. Saara Kallio Maisterintutkielma Historian maisteriohjelma Humanistinen tiedekunta Helsingin Yliopisto Marraskuu 2020 Tiedekunta – Fakultet – Faculty Koulutusohjelma – Utbildningsprogram – Degree Programme Humanistinen tiedekunta Historian maisteriohjelma Opintosuunta – Studieinriktning – Study Track Historia, suomenkielinen opintosuunta Tekijä – Författare – Author Saara Kallio Työn nimi – Arbetets titel – Title ’Pre-Eminently a Woman’s Question’? Discourses on vegetarianism in and connected to The Vote between 1909 and 1918. Työn laji – Arbetets art – Level Aika – Datum – Month and year Sivumäärä– Sidoantal – Number of pages Maisterintutkielma Marraskuu 2020 76 Tiivistelmä – Referat – Abstract Tämän tutkielman tavoitteena on valottaa 1900-luvun alun brittiläisten suffragettien ajatuksia kasvissyönnistä sekä tarkastella niitä tapoja, joilla kasvissyöntiä heidän keskuudessaan sukupuolitettiin vuosina 1909-1918. Tutkimuksen keskiössä on militantin Women’s Freedom League- yhdistyksen (tästä eteenpäin WFL) The Vote- lehdessä käydyt keskustelut kasvissyönnistä sekä siihen läheisesti liittyvä muu kirjoittelu aiheesta. Sukupuoli-käsitteen määrittelyssä on hyödynnetty Judith Butlerin teoriaa sukupuolen performatiivisuudesta sekä sen jatkuvasti muokkautuvasta rakenteesta. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on pohtia sukupuolen merkitystä kasvissyönnistä käydyissä keskusteluissa ja vastata kysymyksiin siitä, miten kasvissyöntiin ja myös sen
    [Show full text]
  • From SUFFRAGE to CITIZENSHIP Celebrating 100 Pioneers
    From SUFFRAGE to CITIZENSHIP Celebrating 100 Pioneers Compiled by the Women’s Local Government Society with support from the Local Government Association (LGA) From SUFFRAGE to CITIZENSHIP Celebrating 100 Pioneers Foreword Foreword This project came about because of a This publication summarises the lives we Background conversation I had with Chris Williams, the discovered and some of the celebrations to former Chief Executive of Buckinghamshire mark their local impact. We hope these will County Council, about Colin Cartwright’s book have inspired a new generation of campaigners, ‘Burning to Get the Vote’. This explores the councillors and volunteers to become active in Pioneers and celebrations activities of the Women’s Suffrage Movement in their communities. central Buckinghamshire. Several years previous I would like personally to thank all those who have to that conversation, I became chairperson given their time voluntarily to reach this stage. of the Women’s Local Government Society, a Anne Baldwin, WLGS Secretary and compiler Glossary cross-party organisation celebrating the work of this book, our steering committee, especially of women as local councillors. We set out to those from the Local Government Association explore the link between the two. (LGA); Colin Cartwright and Jane Robinson, who List of pioneers I was aware of the suffrage activities of Dame assisted in compiling the list of pioneers; and Frances Dove, who founded Wycombe Abbey especially those who took the time to make Girls’ School and who almost became Mayor of nominations, sharing their enthusiasm for their High Wycombe Borough Council in 1908. She was own special pioneer. Index one of many suffrage activists who were also The Women’s Local Government Society set out active in their local communities.
    [Show full text]
  • A Study of the Women's Suffrage Movement in Nineteenth-Century English Periodical Literature
    PRINT AND PROTEST: A STUDY OF THE WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY ENGLISH PERIODICAL LITERATURE Bonnie Ann Schmidt B.A., University College of the Fraser Valley, 2004 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREEE OF MASTER OF ARTS In the Department of History 43 Bonnie Ann Schmidt 2005 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fa11 2005 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Bonnie Ann Schmidt Degree: Master of Arts Title: Print and Protest: A Study of the Women's Suffrage Movement in Nineteenth-Century English Periodical Literature Examining Committee: Dr. Ian Dyck Senior Supervisor Associate Professor of History Dr. Mary Lynn Stewart Supervisor Professor of Women's Studies Dr. Betty A. Schellenberg External Examiner Associate Professor of English Date Defended: NOV.s/15 SIMON FRASER UN~VER~~brary DECLARATION OF PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENCE The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. The author has further granted permission to Simon Fraser University to keep or make a digital copy for use in its circulating collection, and, without changing the content, to translate the thesislproject or extended essays, if technically possible, to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation of the digital work.
    [Show full text]
  • Is It Easy to Go VEGAN? 1) What to Eat? Where Can – I
    Is it easy to go VEGAN? 1) What to eat? Where can – I find recipes? You can still enjoy your favourite food but in a vegan version! As you can enjoy many other wonderful tastes without supporting the violent industry of animal agriculture which abuses them. You can find many ideas & easy recipes in the following blogs: Veggie - Wedgie The Greek Vegan 2 Broke Vegans 2) Where can – I go shopping? You can find many vegan products [such as smoked tofu, plant-based milk & cheese, yogurts (soya or coconut based), vegan ice cream and of course meat substitutes] in all bio / organic market stores which are also selling some cruelty-free cosmetics and personal hygiene products. But you can also find some vegan products (milk, yogurt, shower-gel) in some conventional super – markets. Athens: Bamboo Vegan, the first vegan market in Greece which is located in Solonos street, near Panepistimio metro stop. Online orders possible too! Larissa: Vegan Way (They deliver throughout the whole country) Katerini: Amore bio – You can find them on Facebook with the profile name AmoreBio Katerinis. For online orders you can also check these 2 websites which have a big variety of products: www.veggie- shop24.com & Boutique Vegan Cruelty free cosmetics and hygiene products Shoes, clothes, accessories etc: Online platform All Vegan All Good & Small Greek Businesses: My Hugo Vegan – Calupi Handmade - Handmade Vegan Shoes 3) Are – there any vegan / vegan friendly restaurants – sweetshops in Greece? Athens Τrivoliι Vegan Nation Lime Bistro Zachari & Αlati Peas ΜΑΜΑTIERRA (Attention! Some choices may contain dairy) THE VEGAN FAIRIES ΓΗ – Attention, some deserts and smoothies may contain honey & the coffee may have dairy milk if you don’t mention that you want plant – based milk.
    [Show full text]
  • Suffrage and Suffragettes in the Hartlepools, 1869 to 1919
    Suffrage and Suffragettes in the Hartlepools, 1869 to 1919 The early years The organised fight for the right of women to vote in the United Kingdom goes back to the early years of the 19th Century, when popular movements began to directly criticise the traditional and often corrupt system of selecting the all male Members of Parliament. While partially successful through winning the 1832 Reform Act, which extended voting to 1 in 7 men based solely on their ownership of property, the same Act explicitly banned women from voting. There was slight progress in 1869 when the Municipal Reform Act doubled the number of eligible male voters in local elections, and allowed a very small proportion of richer women to vote as the head of their household. The Hartlepools had supported this act, submitting a local petition requesting suffrage on 14th July 1869, and directly benefitted through gaining the right to elect its own MP for the first time. In 1872 the fight for women's suffrage became a national movement with the formation of the National Society for Women's Suffrage (NSWS), and later, the more influential National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies (NUWSS). On the 12th March 1872 the corporation of West Hartlepool submitted a petition in support of a second attempt by Jacob Bright, the MP for Manchester, to get a Women’s Suffrage Bill adopted into law. His bill was supported locally at a meeting at the Temperance Hall on the 8th April where the leading campaigner Lydia Becker, the founder of the Women’s Suffrage Journal, Isabella Stewart and the Rev.
    [Show full text]