Are They What They Eat? a Stable GIT Microbiome Characterized in P
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ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY in the HEMOLYMPH of the MARINE ISOPOD PENTIDOTEA RESECATA by Leah E. Dann a THESIS Submitted to WALLA WALL
ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY IN THE HEMOLYMPH OF THE MARINE ISOPOD PENTIDOTEA RESECATA By Leah E. Dann A THESIS submitted to WALLA WALLA UNIVERSITY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE April 26, 2017 ABSTRACT The isopod Pentidotea resecata inhabits Zostera marina eelgrass beds. Examination of oxygen levels in a Z. marina bed indicated that P. resecata frequently experience hyperoxia and potential hypoxia reperfusion events in these beds, which may lead to enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increased oxidative damage if the antioxidant defenses cannot sufficiently suppress these toxic oxygen intermediates. The total antioxidant capacity of P. resecata hemolymph was compared to that of Ligia pallasii, a semi-terrestrial isopod living in normoxic conditions, and to that of Pandalus danae, a shrimp that lives below the photic zone. The hypothesis was that P. resecata hemolymph would have stronger antioxidant defenses than the other crustaceans because this isopod faces a more hostile oxygen environment. LCMS analysis of P. resecata hemolymph confirmed the presence of antioxidants including pheophorbide a, lutein, and β-carotene, while L. pallasii hemolymph contained pheophorbide a and lutein but no β-carotene. Pandalus danae hemolymph had no carotenoids or pheophorbide. Although L. pallasii hemolymph was missing β-carotene, it had a significantly higher total antioxidant capacity than that of P. resecata. Hemolymph from P. danae had an intermediate antioxidant capacity even though it contained none of the antioxidants detected in the other species. The unexpected antioxidant activities among the species could be explained by differences in metabolic functions or environmental factors that were not examined in this study; or perhaps P. -
Appendix C - Invertebrate Population Attributes
APPENDIX C - INVERTEBRATE POPULATION ATTRIBUTES C1. Taxonomic list of megabenthic invertebrate species collected C2. Percent area of megabenthic invertebrate species by subpopulation C3. Abundance of megabenthic invertebrate species by subpopulation C4. Biomass of megabenthic invertebrate species by subpopulation C- 1 C1. Taxonomic list of megabenthic invertebrate species collected on the southern California shelf and upper slope at depths of 2-476m, July-October 2003. Taxon/Species Author Common Name PORIFERA CALCEREA --SCYCETTIDA Amphoriscidae Leucilla nuttingi (Urban 1902) urn sponge HEXACTINELLIDA --HEXACTINOSA Aphrocallistidae Aphrocallistes vastus Schulze 1887 cloud sponge DEMOSPONGIAE Porifera sp SD2 "sponge" Porifera sp SD4 "sponge" Porifera sp SD5 "sponge" Porifera sp SD15 "sponge" Porifera sp SD16 "sponge" --SPIROPHORIDA Tetillidae Tetilla arb de Laubenfels 1930 gray puffball sponge --HADROMERIDA Suberitidae Suberites suberea (Johnson 1842) hermitcrab sponge Tethyidae Tethya californiana (= aurantium ) de Laubenfels 1932 orange ball sponge CNIDARIA HYDROZOA --ATHECATAE Tubulariidae Tubularia crocea (L. Agassiz 1862) pink-mouth hydroid --THECATAE Aglaopheniidae Aglaophenia sp "hydroid" Plumulariidae Plumularia sp "seabristle" Sertulariidae Abietinaria sp "hydroid" --SIPHONOPHORA Rhodaliidae Dromalia alexandri Bigelow 1911 sea dandelion ANTHOZOA --ALCYONACEA Clavulariidae Telesto californica Kükenthal 1913 "soft coral" Telesto nuttingi Kükenthal 1913 "anemone" Gorgoniidae Adelogorgia phyllosclera Bayer 1958 orange gorgonian Eugorgia -
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber ......................................................................... -
Distribution and Inferred Evolutionary Characteristics of a Chimeric Ssdna Virus Associated with Intertidal Marine Isopods
Article Distribution and Inferred Evolutionary Characteristics of a Chimeric ssDNA Virus Associated with Intertidal Marine Isopods Kalia S. I. Bistolas 1,*, Ryan M. Besemer 2,3, Lars G. Rudstam 4 and Ian Hewson 1 1 Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; [email protected] 2 New Visions Life Sciences, Boards of Cooperative Educational Services of New York State, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA; [email protected] 3 University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA 4 Department of Natural Resources and the Cornell Biological Field Station, Cornell University, Bridgeport, NY 14850, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-607-255-0151 Received: 26 October 2017; Accepted: 23 November 2017; Published: 26 November 2017 Abstract: Aquatic invertebrates are common reservoirs of a rapidly expanding group of circular Rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses. This study identified and explored the phylogenetic relationship between novel CRESS-DNA viral genotypes associated with Pacific intertidal isopods Idotea wosnesenskii, Idotea resecata, and Gnorimosphaeroma oregonensis. One genotype associated with I. wosnesenskii, IWaV278, shared sequence similarity and genomic features with Tombusviridae (ssRNA) and Circoviridae (ssDNA) genomes and was putatively assigned to the Cruciviridae clade comprising chimeric viruses. The complete genome of IWaV278 (3478 nt) was computationally completed, validated via Sanger sequencing, and exhibited sequence conservation and codon usage patterns analogous to other members of the Cruciviridae. Viral surveillance (qPCR) indicated that this virus was temporally transient (present in 2015, but not 2017), specific to I. wosnesenskii at a single collection site (Washington, DC, USA), more prevalent among male specimens, and frequently detected within exoskeletal structures. -
Penaeus Monodon
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Bacterial analysis in the early developmental stages of the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) Pacharaporn Angthong1,3, Tanaporn Uengwetwanit1,3, Sopacha Arayamethakorn1, Panomkorn Chaitongsakul2, Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri1 & Wanilada Rungrassamee1* Microbial colonization is an essential process in the early life of animal hosts—a crucial phase that could help infuence and determine their health status at the later stages. The establishment of bacterial community in a host has been comprehensively studied in many animal models; however, knowledge on bacterial community associated with the early life stages of Penaeus monodon (the black tiger shrimp) is still limited. Here, we examined the bacterial community structures in four life stages (nauplius, zoea, mysis and postlarva) of two black tiger shrimp families using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing by a next-generation sequencing. Although the bacterial profles exhibited diferent patterns in each developmental stage, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes were identifed as common bacterial phyla associated with shrimp. Interestingly, the bacterial diversity became relatively stable once shrimp developed to postlarvae (5-day-old and 15-day- old postlarval stages), suggesting an establishment of the bacterial community in matured shrimp. To our knowledge, this is the frst report on bacteria establishment and assembly in early developmental stages of P. monodon. Our fndings showed that the bacterial compositions could be shaped by diferent host developmental stages where the interplay of various host-associated factors, such as physiology, immune status and required diets, could have a strong infuence. Te shrimp aquaculture industry is one of the key sectors to supply food source to the world’s growing pop- ulation. -
Mediterranean Marine Science
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by National Documentation Centre - EKT journals Mediterranean Marine Science Vol. 19, 2018 First record of the isopod Idotea hectica (Pallas, 1772) (Idoteidae) and of the brachyuran crab Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) (Matutidae) in the Hellenic waters KONDYLATOS Hydrobiological Station of GERASIMOS Rhodes CORSINI-FOKA MARIA Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Hydrobiological Station of Rhodes. Cos Street, 85100 Rhodes PERAKIS EMMANOUIL Department of Fisheries Rhodes, South Aegean District. G. Mavrou 2, 85100, Rhodes https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.18106 Copyright © 2018 Mediterranean Marine Science To cite this article: KONDYLATOS, G., CORSINI-FOKA, M., & PERAKIS, E. (2018). First record of the isopod Idotea hectica (Pallas, 1772) (Idoteidae) and of the brachyuran crab Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) (Matutidae) in the Hellenic waters. Mediterranean Marine Science, 19(3), 656-661. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/mms.18106 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 24/12/2020 06:42:54 | Short Communication Mediterranean Marine Science Indexed in WoS (Web of Science, ISI Thomson) and SCOPUS The journal is available on line at http://www.medit-mar-sc.net DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.18106 First record of the isopod Idotea hectica (Pallas, 1772) (Idoteidae) and of the brachyuran crab Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) (Matutidae) in the Hellenic waters GERASIMOS KONDYLATOS1, MARIA CORSINI-FOKA1 and EMMANOUIL PERAKIS2 1 Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, -
Life in the Cold Biosphere: the Ecology of Psychrophile
Life in the cold biosphere: The ecology of psychrophile communities, genomes, and genes Jeff Shovlowsky Bowman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2014 Reading Committee: Jody W. Deming, Chair John A. Baross Virginia E. Armbrust Program Authorized to Offer Degree: School of Oceanography i © Copyright 2014 Jeff Shovlowsky Bowman ii Statement of Work This thesis includes previously published and submitted work (Chapters 2−4, Appendix 1). The concept for Chapter 3 and Appendix 1 came from a proposal by JWD to NSF PLR (0908724). The remaining chapters and appendices were conceived and designed by JSB. JSB performed the analysis and writing for all chapters with guidance and editing from JWD and co- authors as listed in the citation for each chapter (see individual chapters). iii Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank Jody Deming for her patience and guidance through the many ups and downs of this dissertation, and all the opportunities for fieldwork and collaboration. The members of my committee, Drs. John Baross, Ginger Armbrust, Bob Morris, Seelye Martin, Julian Sachs, and Dale Winebrenner provided valuable additional guidance. The fieldwork described in Chapters 2, 3, and 4, and Appendices 1 and 2 would not have been possible without the help of dedicated guides and support staff. In particular I would like to thank Nok Asker and Lewis Brower for giving me a sample of their vast knowledge of sea ice and the polar environment, and the crew of the icebreaker Oden for a safe and fascinating voyage to the North Pole. -
UNIVERSITE DE PERPIGNAN VIA DOMITIA Etude De La Réponse
Délivré par UNIVERSITE DE PERPIGNAN VIA DOMITIA Préparée au sein de l’école doctorale ED 305 Et de l’unité de recherche UMR 5244 Interactions Hôtes Pathogènes Environnements (IHPE) Discipline : BIOLOGIE Spécialité : Evolution Présentée par Manon Fallet Etude de la réponse environnementale et transgénérationnelle chez l’huitre creuse Crassostrea gigas. Focus sur les mécanismes épigénétiques Soutenue le 12 décembre 2019 devant le jury composé de Mme. Frédérique PITEL, DR2, INRA Toulouse Rapporteur Mme. Christine PAILLARD, DR CNRS, Brest Rapporteur M. Benoit PUJOL, CR CNRS, Perpignan Examinateur Mme. Caroline MONTAGNANI, CR, Ifremer, Montpellier Examinateur M. Guillaume MITTA, PR, UPVD, Perpignan Examinateur Mme. Céline COSSEAU, MCF, UPVD, Perpignan Directeur de thèse M. Christoph GRUNAU, PR, UPVD, Perpignan Co-directeur de thèse M. Bruno PETTON, IR, Ifremer, Brest Invité A Yvonne Geoffray, Remerciements Ça y est, je touche au but et j’achève la rédaction de ce manuscrit de thèse ! Ces trois dernières années ont été intenses, passionnantes, souvent dures, mais toujours enrichissantes ! De nombreuses personnes m’ont accompagné durant ces trois ans. Parfois dans le cadre professionnel, m’aidant ainsi à réaliser les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit et à me familiariser au monde de la recherche, parfois dans le domaine personnel, m’encourageant et me soutenant au quotidien. Certaines personnes ont également joué sur les deux tableaux. L’écriture de ces remerciements me touche énormément car c’est pour moi le moyen de vous montrer toute ma reconnaissance. Tout d’abord, je souhaite remercier Frédérique Pitel et Christine Paillard. Merci d’avoir accepté d’être les rapporteurs de ma thèse et de prendre le temps d’évaluer mon travail. -
Dinghuibacter Silviterrae Gen. Nov., Sp. Nov., Isolated from Forest Soil Ying-Ying Lv, Jia Wang, Mei-Hong Chen, Jia You and Li-Hong Qiu
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2016), 66, 1785–1791 DOI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000940 Dinghuibacter silviterrae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from forest soil Ying-Ying Lv, Jia Wang, Mei-Hong Chen, Jia You and Li-Hong Qiu Correspondence State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Li-Hong Qiu Guangzhou, 510275, PR China [email protected] A novel Gram-stain negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterial strain, designated DHOA34T, was isolated from forest soil of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, China. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that it exhibited highest similarity with Flavisolibacter ginsengiterrae Gsoil 492T and Flavitalea populi HY-50RT, at 90.89 and 90.83 %, respectively. In the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, DHOA34T formed an independent lineage within the family Chitinophagaceae but was distinct from all recognized species and genera of the family. T The major cellular fatty acids of DHOA34 included iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1v6c and/or C16 : 1v7c). The DNA G+C content was 51.6 mol% and the predominant quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). Flexirubin pigments were produced. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data demonstrate consistently that strain DHOA34T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Chitinophagaceae, for which the name Dinghuibacter silviterrae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Dinghuibacter silviterrae is DHOA34T (5CGMCC 1.15023T5KCTC 42632T). The family Chitinophagaceae, belonging to the class Sphingo- For isolation of DHOA34T, the soil sample was thoroughly bacteriia of the phylum Bacteroidetes, was proposed by suspended with 100 mM PBS (pH 7.0) and the suspension Ka¨mpfer et al. -
Exploiting the Natural Products of Novel Myxobacteria: Phylogenetic and Fatty Acid Perspectives and Bioactive Compound Discovery
Exploiting the natural products of novel myxobacteria: Phylogenetic and fatty acid perspectives and bioactive compound discovery Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades des Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Naturwissenschaftlich-Technischen Fakultät III Chemie, Pharmazie, Bio- und Werkstoffwissenschaften der Universität des Saarlandes von Ronald O. Garcia Saarbrücken 2011 Tag des Kolloquiums: 12 August, 2011 Dekan: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wilhelm F. Maier Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. Rolf Müller Priv.-Doz. Dr. Marc Stadler Vorsitz: Prof. Dr. Manfred J. Schmitt Akad. Mitarbeiterin: Frau Dr. Kerstin M. Ewen Acknowledgements I sincerely and gratefully thank the following for making my studies possible. Prof. Dr. Rolf Müller, my wonderful adviser, for the trust and giving me the opportunity to work in his laboratory. I am very grateful for the guidance and staunch support during my entire course of my studies. Prof. Dr. Helge Bode, as my second adviser, for his supervision in the laboratory and inspiration. The Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research) and Universität des Saarlandes for funding my PhD study and travel costs for many international conferences. Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for the project grants. Dr. Marc Stadler and the staff of InterMed Drug Discovery for their supportive cooperation in PUFA-related projects. Prof. Dr. Irineo J. Dogma Jr. and Prof. Edward Quinto for all their support, motivation, and encouragement for pursuing a PhD. Dr. Alberto Plaza for his excellent advice in compound isolation and Mr. Dominik Pistorius for performing GC-MS measurements of the fatty acids. Dr. Kira J. Wiessman for the inspiration on scientific writing and Dr. -
Permanent Draft Genome Sequence of the Gliding Predator Saprospira Grandis Strain Sa G1 (= HR1)
Permanent draft genome sequence of the gliding predator Saprospira grandis strain Sa g1 (= HR1) Konstantinos Mavromatis1, Olga Chertkov1,2, Alla Lapidus1, Matt Nolan1, Susan Lucas1, Hope Tice1, Tijana Glavina Del Rio1, Jan-Fang Cheng1, Cliff Han1,2, Roxanne Tapia1,2, David Bruce1,2, Lynne A. Goodwin1,2, Sam Pitluck1, Marcel Huntemann1, Konstantinos Liolios1, Ioanna Pagani1, Natalia Ivanova1, Natalia Mikhailova1, Amrita Pati1, Amy Chen3, Krishna Palaniappan3, Miriam Land1,4, Evelyne-Marie Brambilla6, Manfred Rohde5, Stefan Spring6, Markus Göker6, John C. Detter1,2, James Bristow1, Jonathan A. Eisen1,7, Victor Markowitz3, Philip Hugenholtz1,8, Nikos C. Kyrpides1, Hans-Peter Klenk6*, and Tanja Woyke1 1 DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA 2 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA 3 Biological Data Management and Technology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA 4 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA 5 HZI – Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany 6 Leibniz Institute DSMZ - German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany 7 University of California Davis Genome Center, Davis, California, USA 8 Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia *Corresponding authors: Hans-Peter Klenk Keywords strictly aerobic, gliding, Gram-negative, mesophilic, chemoorganotrophic, marine, ixotrophy, Saprospiraceae, GEBA Abstract Saprospira grandis Gross et al. 1911 is a member to the genomically so far poorly characterized family Saprospiracea in the class ‘Sphingobacteria’. The species is known for praying on other marine bacteria via ‘ixotrophy’. S. grandis strain Sa g1 was isolated from decaying crab carapace in France and was selected for genome sequencing due to its isolated location in the genomically sequenced part of the tree of life. -
Abstract Tracing Hydrocarbon
ABSTRACT TRACING HYDROCARBON CONTAMINATION THROUGH HYPERALKALINE ENVIRONMENTS IN THE CALUMET REGION OF SOUTHEASTERN CHICAGO Kathryn Quesnell, MS Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences Northern Illinois University, 2016 Melissa Lenczewski, Director The Calumet region of Southeastern Chicago was once known for industrialization, which left pollution as its legacy. Disposal of slag and other industrial wastes occurred in nearby wetlands in attempt to create areas suitable for future development. The waste creates an unpredictable, heterogeneous geology and a unique hyperalkaline environment. Upgradient to the field site is a former coking facility, where coke, creosote, and coal weather openly on the ground. Hydrocarbons weather into characteristic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which can be used to create a fingerprint and correlate them to their original parent compound. This investigation identified PAHs present in the nearby surface and groundwaters through use of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), as well as investigated the relationship between the alkaline environment and the organic contamination. PAH ratio analysis suggests that the organic contamination is not mobile in the groundwater, and instead originated from the air. 16S rDNA profiling suggests that some microbial communities are influenced more by pH, and some are influenced more by the hydrocarbon pollution. BIOLOG Ecoplates revealed that most communities have the ability to metabolize ring structures similar to the shape of PAHs. Analysis with bioinformatics using PICRUSt demonstrates that each community has microbes thought to be capable of hydrocarbon utilization. The field site, as well as nearby areas, are targets for habitat remediation and recreational development. In order for these remediation efforts to be successful, it is vital to understand the geochemistry, weathering, microbiology, and distribution of known contaminants.