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Publication 15. Geological Series 12. the BRINE and SALT DEPOSITS

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Publication 15. Geological Series 12. the BRINE and SALT DEPOSITS STATE OF MICHIGAN Huron county................................................................17 MICHIGAN GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL Macomb county.14 ........................................................18 SURVEY. Iosco county. ................................................................19 Publication 15. Geological Series 12. Midland county. ............................................................19 THE BRINE AND SALT DEPOSITS OF MICHIGAN Gratiot county...............................................................20 THEIR ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION AND EXPLOITATION Manistee county. ..........................................................21 Companies. ........................................................... 23 by R. G. Peters Salt and Lumber Co...............................23 CHARLES W. COOK. Louis Sands Salt and Lumber Co...............................23 Buckley and Douglas Lumber Co...............................23 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for State Lumber Co. .......................................................24 the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Filer and Sons............................................................24 Michigan. St. Clair county.............................................................24 PUBLISHED AS A PART OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Companies. ........................................................... 26 BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR Port Huron Salt Co.....................................................26 1913 Diamond Crystal Salt Co............................................26 Crystal Flake Salt Co., Ltd. ........................................27 1914 Davidson-Wonsey Co. ...............................................27 WYNKOOP HALLENBECK CRAWFORD CO., STATE Michigan Salt Works. .................................................27 PRINTERS LANSING, MICHIGAN Mason county...............................................................27 Companies ............................................................ 28 Stearns Salt and Lumber Co......................................28 Contents Anchor Salt Co...........................................................29 Wayne county. .............................................................30 CHAPTER IV. SALT MANUFACTURE........................... 1 Companies ............................................................ 32 Delray Salt Co............................................................32 Wells.............................................................................. 2 Peninsular Salt Co. ....................................................33 Well-drilling machinery.............................................2 Worcester Salt Co......................................................33 Well-boring methods................................................4 Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Co. ........................33 Pumping methods....................................................4 Morton Salt Co. ..........................................................33 Preliminary treatment of the brines. .............................. 4 Detroit Salt Co............................................................34 The evaporation of the brine. ........................................ 5 Isabella county. ............................................................34 Historical ..................................................................5 APPENDIX A. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MICHIGAN SALT Present methods......................................................7 DEPOSITS.......................................................................35 Direct heat methods .....................................................7 Steam evaporation .......................................................7 APPENDIX B. THE SALT INSPECTION LAW..............35 Grainer system .........................................................7 (This law was repealed by Act No. 1, Public Acts of Alberger system .......................................................8 Michigan, Session of 1913.) Vacuum pan process................................................9 Table salt. .................................................................... 10 Storing, packing and shipping. .................................... 10 Illustrations CHAPTER V. THE PRODUCT. ..................................... 11 Character of the product.............................................. 11 Plates Production. .................................................................. 11 Plate I. A portable well-drilling rig............................................3 Value of the product. ................................................... 13 Plate II. A. Davidson-Wonsey Company, Marine City, CHAPTER VI. THE INDUSTRY BY DISTRICTS........... 13 Michigan, showing settling tanks....................................20 Saginaw county. .......................................................... 13 Plate II. B. A hand lift grainer, Stearns No. 2.........................20 Companies.............................................................15 Saginaw Plate Glass Co.............................................15 Plate III. A. Saginaw Plate Glass Co., Saginaw, Michigan. Brand and Hardin Milling Co.......................................15 Glass works....................................................................21 Mershon Eddy Parker Co. ..........................................15 Plate III. B. Saginaw Plate Glass Co., Saginaw, Michigan. S. L. Eastman Flooring Co. ........................................15 Grainer block..................................................................21 Bliss and VanAuken ...................................................15 E. Germaine ...............................................................15 Plate IV. A. Saginaw Plate Glass Co., Saginaw, Michigan. Saginaw Salt Co.........................................................16 Chemical works..............................................................21 Bay county................................................................... 16 Plate IV. B. Ruins of Port Hope Salt Co., Port Hope, Companies.............................................................16 Michigan.........................................................................21 North Amercian Chemical Co.....................................16 Mershon-Bacon Co. ...................................................17 Plate V. A. Salt well at East Tawas, Michigan.......................22 Theo. Hine and Co. ....................................................17 Publication 15, Geological Series 12 / Chapters 4-6 – Page 1 of 40 Plate V. B. Steam barge loading bulk salt at the No. 1. Plant of Figure 31. Section of a vacuum pan (after Hubbell)................9 the Louis Sands Salt and Lumber Co.............................22 Figure 32. Map showing producing salt districts of Michigan.13 Plate VI. A. R. G. Peters Salt and Lumber Co., Eastlake, Michigan. ........................................................................29 Figure 33. Map of parts of Saginaw and Bay counties. .........14 Plate VI. B. R. G. Peters Salt and Lumber Co., Eastlake, Figure 35. Showing location of salt wells at Caseville. ..........17 Michigan. ........................................................................29 Figure 36. Showing location of salt wells at Port Austin. .......18 Plate VII. A. Louis Sands Salt and Lumber Co., No. 1, Figure 37. Showing the location of salt wells at Port Hope. ..18 Manistee, Michigan.........................................................29 Figure 38. Sketch map showing location of wells at East Plate VII. B. Louis Sands Salt and Lumber Co., No. 2, Tawas.............................................................................19 Manistee, Michigan.........................................................29 Figure 39. Showing the location of salt wells at Oscoda and Plate VIII. A. Buckley and Douglas Lumber Co., No. 1, AuSable..........................................................................19 Manistee, Michigan.........................................................29 Figure 40. Section from record in Volume VIII, Michigan Plate VIII. B. Buckley and Douglas Lumber Co., No. 2, (State Geological Survey. Notes on samples from Well No. 13, Lumber Co.), Manistee, Michigan...................................30 Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan, by C. W. Plate IX. A. Filer and Sons, Filer City, Michigan. ...................30 Cook...............................................................................20 Plate IX. B. Port Huron Salt Co., Port Huron, Michigan.........30 Figure 41. Map of the region about Manistee Lake showing location of producing and abandoned salt wells.............22 Plate X. A. Diamond Crystal Salt Co., St. Clair, Michigan. ....30 Figure 42. Section of the Number 5 well of the Buckley and Plate X. B. Diamond Crystal Salt Co., St. Clair, Michigan. Douglas Lumber Company, Manistee, Michigan, showing Grainer block. .................................................................30 the geology and method of piping (after Hubbell)...........24 Plate XI. A. Crystal Flake Salt Co., Ltd., Marine City, Figure 43. Map showing location of salt blocks along the St. Michigan. ........................................................................30 Clair river........................................................................25 Plate XI. B. Michigan Salt Works, Marine City, Michigan.......31 Figure 44. Showing the location of wells of the Diamond Crystal Salt
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