DOCSLIB.ORG

Use of Kasegaluk Lagoon, Chukchi Sea, Alaska, by Marine Birds and Mammals, Iii: Marine Mammals

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Use of Kasegaluk Lagoon, Chukchi Sea, Alaska, by Marine Birds and Mammals, Iii: Marine Mammals OCSStudy MMS 92--0028 USE OF KASEGALUK LAGOON, CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA, BY MARINE BIRDS AND MAMMALS, III: MARINE MAMMALS by Kathryn J. Frost and Lloyd F. Lowry Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 and j Geoff Carroll Alaska Department of Fish and Game P. 0. Box 1284, Barrow, Alaska 99723 subcontracted to LGL Alaska Research Associates, lnc. 4175 Tudor Centre Drive, Suite 101, Anchorage, Alaska 99508-5917 for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Procurement Operations 381 Elden St., MS2500, Herndon, VA 22070-4817 Contract 14-35-0001-30491 LGL Report TA863-2C October 1992 This study was funded by the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region of the Minerals Management Service (MMS), U.S. Dept. of Interior, Anchorage, Alaska. This manuscript has been reviewed by the MMS and approved for publication. The opinions, findings, conc~usions~ or recommendations expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the MMS. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. 512 Part III: Marine Mammals Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF CONTENTS........................................................................................... 512 LIST OF TABLES....................................................... :............................................... 513 LIST OF FIGURES ..................................................................................................... 515· LIST OF APPENDICES............................................................................................. 517 ABSTRACT................................................................................................................ 518 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................... 519 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... ............................ 520 Background .. .. .................. ...... ....... ..... ....... ....... ...... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. ...... 520 Beluga Whales............................................................................................... 520 Spotted Seals . ................ .. .. ........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... 522 Objectives.............................................................................................................. 523 Beluga Whales............................................................................................... 524 Spotted Seals .................................................................................................. 524 STUDY AREA............................................................................................................ 525 METHODS.................................................................................................................. 530 Aerial Surveys..................................................................................................... 530 Beluga Whales ............................................................................................... 530 Spotted Seals ....................... .................................................................... ....... 531 Harvest Studies ................................................................................................... 532 Haulout Behavior............................................................................................... 533 RESULTS .. .. .. .. ........ .. .... ... ......... .. .. .. .. ...... .... .... ........ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .... ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 535 Aerial Surveys..................................................................................................... 535 Beluga Whales ............................................................................................... 535 Spotted Seals .................................................................................................. 541 Harvest Studies .................... ........................ ....................................................... 550 Harvest Levels and Characteristics ................................. .......................... 550 Foods Eaten by Marine Mammals ............................................................. 555 Behavior of Spotted Seals ................................................................................. 555 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................. 565 Beluga Whales..................................................................................................... 565 Period of Use.................................................................................................. 565 Abundance..................................................................................................... 566 Reasons for Concentration ......................................................................... 574 Spotted Seals ........................................................ ........................ .......... .............. 577 Distribution and Abundance...................................................................... 577 Foods and Feeding........................................................................................ 586 Responses to Disturbance............................................................................ 591 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................ 594 LITERATURE CITED ............................................................................................... 596 Part III: Marine Mammals List of Tables 513 LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Official and alternate names, with geographical coordinates, of locations referred to in this report. ............................................. ~.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .... 526 · 2 Numbers of beluga whales seen on aerial surveys in the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, 3-14 July 1990................................................................................... 536 3 Numbers of beluga whales seen on aerial surveys in the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, 4-16 July 1991. .................................................................................. 539 4 Numbers of spotted seals at haulouts in the Kasegaluk Lagoon study area during August-September 1989.............................................................................. 542 5 Numbers of spotted seals at haulouts in the Kasegaluk Lagoon study area during July-September 1990....................................................................... 543 6 Numbers of spotted seals at haulouts in the Kasegaluk Lagoon study area during July-November 1991...................................................................... 544 7 Harvest of beluga whales at Point Lay, Alaska, 1977-1991. .............. .......... .... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. ........... .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 554 8 Stomach contents of beluga whales harvested near Point Lay, Alaska, during July 1988............................................................................................ 556 9 Responses of spotted seals to aircraft flying at various altitudes near Kasegaluk Lagoon ........................................................................................ 558 10 Sightings of beluga whales in the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, based on published and unpublished literature and surveys conducted during this project. ...................................................................................... 567 514 Part III: Marine Mammals List of Tables Table Page 11 Maximum counts of beluga whales seen on aerial surveys of the Kasegaluk Lagoon region from 1978 to 1991. ......................................................................................... 571 12 Sightings of spotted seals in the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, based on published and unpublished literature and surveys conducted during this project ........................................................................................ 579 13 Stomach contents of spotted seals from the northern Bering and Chukchi seas, July-December, 1966-1987 ................................................. 587 -.­ 515 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1 Map of the Kasegaluk Lagoon study area in the northeastern Chukchi Sea. ............................................................................................... 528 · 2 Dates and locations of beluga whale sightings made during aerial surveys of the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, 3-14 July 1990 ................................................................................. 537 3 Dates and locations of beluga whales sightings made during aerial surveys of the Kasegaluk Lagoon region, 4-16 July 1991. .............................................................................................. 540 4 Map showing specific locations used as haulouts by spotted seals at Utukok Pass in Kasegaluk Lagoon. ........................................... ............................ 546 5 Map showing specific locations used as haulouts by spotted seals at Akoliakatat Pass in Kasegaluk Lagoon ........................................................................ 547 6 Map showing specific locations used as haulouts by spotted seals at Avak Inlet in Kasegaluk Lagoon ......................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Arctic Ahead Conservation and Management in Arctic Alaska Milo Burcham
    2016 April The Arctic Ahead Conservation and Management in Arctic Alaska Milo Burcham Produced in collaboration with Ocean Conservancy works with people around the world to protect the ocean from today’s greatest global challenges. Working together, we create science- based solutions for a healthy ocean and the wildlife and communities that depend on it. Ocean Conservancy The Arctic Ahead: Conservation and Management in Arctic Alaska | 2 Suggested citation: Hartsig, A. 2016. The Arctic Ahead: Conservation and Management in Arctic Alaska. Ocean Conservancy, Washington, D.C., 94 p. Ocean Conservancy The Arctic Ahead: Conservation and Management in Arctic Alaska | 3 Introduction Bob Wick (BLM) Introduction In recent years, Arctic wildlife and Arctic peoples such as Point Thomson near the border of the have faced rapid and dramatic environmental Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. In 2015, oil and changes related to global climate change. While gas companies proposed development plans for the region has always experienced fluctuations, prospects in federal waters in the Beaufort Sea³ and the changes taking place now are happening at announced the first production from leases in the an unprecedented pace and scale. The Arctic is federal National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A).⁴ recognized as one of the fastest-warming regions on Hundreds of oil and gas leases in the Chukchi Sea⁵ the globe. Air and sea temperatures are rising, tundra remain on the books, even if oil companies have no fires are occurring more frequently, ocean waters immediate plans to explore in that region. In addition are becoming more acidic, seasonal sea ice cover to oil and gas activities, vessel traffic in the Arctic is is diminishing, permafrost is thawing and coastal increasing⁶ as ships take advantage of increasingly erosion is increasing.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigations of Belukha Whales in Coastal Waters
    INVESTIGATIONS OF BELUKHA WHALES IN COASTAL WATERS OF WESTERN AND NORTHERN ALASKA I. DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, AND MOVEMENTS by Glenn A. Seaman, Kathryn J. Frost, and Lloyd F. Lowry Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1300 College Road Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 612 November 1986 153 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page LIST OF FIGURES . 157 LIST OF TABLES . 159 sumRY . 161 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 162 WORLD DISTRIBUTION . 163 GENERAL 1 ISTRIBUTION IN ALASKA . 165 SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION IN ALASKA. 165 REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE. 173 Nor” h Aleutian Basin. 173 Saint Matthew-Hall Basin. s . 180 Saint George Basin. 184 Navarin Basin . 186 Norton Basin. 187 Hope Basin. 191 Barrow Arch . 196 Diapir Field. 205 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS . 208 LITERATURE CITED . 212 LIST OF PERSONAL COMMUNICANTS. 219 155 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Current world distribution of belukha whales, not including extralimital occurrences . Figure 2. Map of the Bering, Chuk&i, and Beaufort seas, showing major locations mentioned in text. Figure 3. Distribution of belukha whales in January and February . Figure 4. Distribution of belukha whales in March and April. Figure 5. Distribution of belukha whales in May and June . Figure 6. Distribution of belukha whales in July and August. Figure 7. Distribution of belukha whales in September and October. Figure 8. Distribution of belukha whales in November and Deeember. Figure 9. Map of the North Aleutian Basin showing locations mentioned in text. Figure 10. Map of the Saint Matthew-Hall Basin showing locations mentionedintext. Figure 11. Map of the Saint George and Navarin basins showing locations mentionedintext.
    [Show full text]
  • S Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports
    DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE REPORTS THE FORTUNATE LIFE OF A MUSEUM NATURALIST: ALFRED M. BAILEY BAILEY ALFRED M. NATURALIST: LIFE OF A MUSEUM THE FORTUNATE NUMBER 13, MARCH 10, 2019 WWW.DMNS.ORG/SCIENCE/MUSEUM-PUBLICATIONS Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports 2001 Colorado Boulevard (Print) ISSN 2374-7730 Denver, CO 80205, U.S.A. Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (Online) ISSN 2374-7749 Frank Krell, PhD, Editor and Production VOL. 2 VOL. DENVER MUSEUM OF NATURE & SCIENCE & SCIENCE OF NATURE DENVER MUSEUM Cover photo: Russell W. Hendee and A.M. Bailey in Wainwright, Alaska, 1921. Photographer unknown. DMNS No. IV.BA21-007. The Denver Museum of Nature & Science Reports (ISSN 2374-7730 [print], ISSN 2374-7749 [online]) is an open- access, non peer-reviewed scientifi c journal publishing papers about DMNS research, collections, or other Museum related topics, generally authored or co-authored The Fortunate Life of a Museum Naturalist: by Museum staff or associates. Peer review will only be arranged on request of the authors. REPORTS Alfred M. Bailey The journal is available online at science.dmns.org/ 10, 2019 • NUMBER 13 MARCH Volume 2—Alaska, 1919–1922 museum-publications free of charge. Paper copies are exchanged via the DMNS Library exchange program ([email protected]) or are available for purchase from our print-on-demand publisher Lulu (www.lulu.com). Kristine A. Haglund, Elizabeth H. Clancy DMNS owns the copyright of the works published in the & Katherine B. Gully (Eds) Reports, which are published under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial license.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigations of Belukha Whales in Coastal Waters
    INVESTIGATIONS OF BELUKHA WHALES IN COASTAL WATERS OF WESTERN AND NORTHERN ALASKA II. BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY by John J. Burns and Glenn A. Seaman Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1300 College Road Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 612 November 1986 221 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page LIST OF FIGURES . 225 LIST OF TABLES . 227 SUMMARY . 229 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. 231 INTRODUCTION. 232 General Description . 232 Background. 234 STUDY AREA. 235 METHODS . 239 Harvest Enumeration . 239 Biological Sampling . 239 Laboratory Procedures . 241 Male Reproductive Organs . 241 Female Reproductive Organs . 241 Age Determinations . 241 Aerial Observations . 242 Data Management . 244 RESULTS. 244 Biological Sampling . 244 Sex Ratio. 246 Growth. 246 Age-Body Length Relationships. 246 Fetal Growth . 251 Length of Neonates . 253 Reproduction. 253 Interpretation of Female Reproductive Tracts . 253 Age at Sexual Maturity in Females. 256 Pregnancy Rates. 258 Birth Period . 260 Breeding Period. 262 Color Change. 265 Age Structure and Mortality Rates . 267 Mortality . 269 Entrapment . 269 Predation. 272 Hunting. 274 Movements . 281 Summer Movements in Eastern Chukchi Sea. 281 Autumn Migration in Beaufort Sea . 285 DISCL~SSION AND CONCLUSIONS. 291 Sex Ratios. 291 Growth. 293 Age-Body Length Relationships. 293 Fetal Growth . 295 Weight-gain of Calves. 299 Birth Period. 300 223 TABLE OF CONTENTS - continued Section Page Breeding Period. 302 Vital Parameters . 303 Reproductive Parameters. 303 Population Parameters. 304 Color Change. 305 Movements. 306 Summer Movements in Eastern Chukchi Sea. 306 Autumn Migration in Beaufort Sea . 308 Migration in Soviet Waters . 316 Natural Mortality. 317 Contaminant Levels. 322 Contemporary Harvests and Total Kills .
    [Show full text]
  • Age, Growth, Reproduction, and Movements of Beluga Whales (Delphinapterus Leucas)
    Age, growth, reproduction, and movements of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the eastern Chukchi Sea Robert Scott Suydam A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2009 Program Authorized to Offer Degree: School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Abstract Age, growth, reproduction, and movements of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) from the eastern Chukchi Sea Robert Scott Suydam Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Associate Professor Glenn R. VanBlaricom School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences Beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) are an important subsistence resource for many aboriginal peoples across the Arctic and subarctic. Environments of these whales are being subjected to considerable change, including increased human activities (e.g., oil and gas exploration and development) and climate change. To conserve belugas, we need to better understand their biology. Collection of biological samples of harvested whales and capture of live ones was possible because of an annual subsistence hunt at Point Lay in northwest Alaska along the eastern Chukchi Sea. Samples and measurements were collected from 688 harvested whales. These focused on aspects of age, growth, and reproduction. Measurements of standard length were compared with measurements from photographs taken during aerial surveys. Results indicated that the subsistence harvest was biased toward the larger, whiter animals and away from the smaller, darker ones. Measurements of harvested belugas showed that white males were longer than white females but the lengths of younger, darker animals were similar between sexes. Asymptotic lengths of males and females were 436 and 362 cm, respectively. The overall pregnancy rate was 0.56 but included females pregnant with near-term or small fetuses.
    [Show full text]
  • OCS Study MMS 90-00” Ecological Research Associates USE of KASEGALUK LAGOON, CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA by MARINE BIRDS and MAMMALS D
    OCS Study MMS 90-00” Ecological Research Associates USE OF KASEGALUK LAGOON, CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA BY MARINE BIRDS AND MAMMALS Draft Report of 1989-1990 Studies b“ LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc. 4175 Tudor Centre Drive, Suite 101 Anchorage, Alaska 99508-5917 and Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1300 College Road Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 for U.S. Minerals Management Service Procurement Operations 381 Elden St., MS635 Herndon, VA 2207--4817 Contract 14-35-0002-30491 LGL Report TA863-2 March 1991 OCS Study MMS 90-O(P USE OF KASEGALUK LAGOON, CHUKCHI SEA, ALASKA, BY MARINE BIRDS AND MAMMALS Draft Report of 1989-1990 Studies b’ LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc. 4175 Tudor Centre Drive, Suite 101 Anchorage, Alaska 99508-5917 and Alaska Department of Fish and Game 1300 College Road, Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 for U.S. Minerals Management Service, Procurement Operations 381 Elden St., MS635, Herndon, VA 22070-4817 Contract 1435-0002-30491 LGL Report TA863-2 March 1991 This study was funded by the Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Region of the Minerals Management Service, U.S. Dept. of Interior, Anchorage, AK, under contract 14-12-0001-30491. The opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Minerals Management Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. PROJECT AND REPORT ORGANIZATION This contract was conducted by LGL Alaska Research Associates, Inc., Anchorage, Alaska, in cooperation with the following organizations: Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADFG), Fairbanks, Alaska; North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management, Barrow, Alaska; Golden Plover Air, Inc., Colville Village, Alaska.
    [Show full text]
  • Point Lay Comprehensive Plan 2017-2037
    A DOPTED BY THE NSB A SSEMBLY ON O CTOBER 10, 2017 10, P OINT L AY C OMPREHENSIVE P LAN 2017 – 2037 Point Lay Comprehensive Plan . 2017-2037 This page is intentionally left blank Page ii Point Lay Comprehensive Plan . 2017-2037 Point Lay Comprehensive Plan Adopted by the North Slope Borough on October 10, 2017 North Slope Borough Assembly Ordinance #75-06-70 North Slope Borough Planning Commission Resolution #2017-10 Native Village of Point Lay #2017-07 Page iii Point Lay Comprehensive Plan . 2017-2037 This page is intentionally left blank Page iv Point Lay Comprehensive Plan . 2017-2037 NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH MAYOR Harry K. Brower, Jr. NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH ASSEMBLY John Hopson, Jr., President (Wainwright & Atqasuk) Roy M. Nageak, Sr., Vice President (Barrow) Richard N. Tukle (Nuiqsut, Kaktovik, Anaktuvuk Pass, & Deadhorse) Steve Oomittuk (Point Hope & Point Lay) Vernon J. Edwardsen (Barrow) Doreen Lampe (Barrow) Crawford Patkotak (Barrow) NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH PLANNING COMMISSION Paul Bodfish, Chair (Atqasuk) Oliver Peetook (Wainwright) Nora Jane Burns (Kaktovik) Lawrence Burris (Anaktuvuk Pass) Glenn Roy Edwards (Barrow) Bill Tracey, Sr. (Point Lay) Eli Nukapigak (Nuiqsut) Caroline Cannon (Point Hope) COMPREHENSIVE PLANNING STAKEHOLDER COMMITTEE Ida Angasan (Kaktovik) Bob Harcharek (Barrow) John Hopson, Jr. (Wainwright) James Nageak (Anaktuvuk Pass) Thomas Nukapigak (Nuiqsut) Steve Oomittuk (Point Hope) Bill Tracey, Sr. (Point Lay) Doug Whiteman (Atqasuk) CULLY CORPORATION BOARD NATIVE VILLAGE OF POINT LAY TRIBAL COUNCIL Betty Swan, Chairman James Henry, President Martha Norton-Awalin, President Marie Pikok, Vice President Martha Tukrook, Vice President Marjorie Long, Secretary Alma Bodfish, Secretary Gertrude Frankson, Treasurer Willard P. Neakok, Sr., Treasurer Cilia Attungowruk Joanne Neakok, Director Lydia Lampe Kuoiqsik Curtis, Director Sophie Tracey NORTH SLOPE BOROUGH DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING & COMMUNITY SERVICES Gordon Brower, Director Matt Dunn, Deputy Director Christine L.
    [Show full text]
  • Chukchi Sea Planning Area, OCS Lease Sale 193
    ______________ OCS Report BOEM 2015-010 Supplement to the Oil-Spill Risk Analysis: Chukchi Sea Planning Area, OCS Lease Sale 193 Zhen Li Walter R. Johnson Constance Murphy (Editor) US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Headquarters, Herndon, VA February, 2015 OCS Report BOEM 2015-010 Supplement to the Oil-Spill Risk Analysis: Chukchi Sea Planning Area, OCS Lease Sale 193 Zhen Li Walter R. Johnson Constance Murphy (Editor) U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Herndon, VA Division of Environmental Sciences February 2015 Chukchi Sea OSRA Report ii Report Availability This report is available on the Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management website (at http://www.boem.gov/Environmental-Stewardship/Environmental-Assessment/Oil- Spill-Modeling/Oil-Spill-Risk-Analysis-Reports.aspx ). About the Cover Study area in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas and boundary segments used in the oil-spill trajectory analysis. Chukchi Sea OSRA Report iii Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................ VII ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................................................... XIII 1.0
    [Show full text]
  • Map-Of-Arctic-Values-2.Pdf
    Banks C a n a d a B a s i n Island Wrangel Island Herald Island c A R C T I C O C E A N c i s Hanna i C h u k c h i Shoal B e a u f o r t a e Liverpool S e a t r S e a t B Bay owh A ead l Long Strait Point Barrow wha le c fa c ll a Barrow Dease mi gr i Inlet ation c r r Herald Point e Herald Shoal Franklin p Shoal Peard Smith Cape Bay S Bay Halkett a Wainwright Kugmallit l A u A s & Bay i n Harrison n n e o Atqasuk . s i Icy Cape Teshekpuk Bay Prudhoe P t a R Kaktovik r k g Lake Bay Stefansson i Kasegaluk k Herschel Island e u m u Sound Camden t p k k Lagoon H i Bay u . a g p Nuiqsut u y n k R Demarcation l i l . s r I o a Deadhorse g s t p R n h s i S Bay t k u a n i l . a n u h National Petroleum a R a Mackenzie T e g c l . Point C K V o a R k a K ' h R Bay ' v r u . Lay e a w r a e t e l v ik n Sadlerochit a T ik i d e R Reserve - Alaska p R d r . d a r . Mountains a . u k S C a a R e t U f e K n M o t A h .
    [Show full text]
  • Workshop Report Prepared by Lisa Speer and Thomas L
    IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify Areas of Ecological and Biological Significance or Vulnerability in the Arctic Marine Environment Workshop Report Prepared by Lisa Speer and Thomas L. Laughlin November 2-4, 2010 La Jolla, CA IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify EBSAs in the Arctic Marine Environment 1 IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify EBSAs in the Arctic Marine Environment IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify Areas of Ecological and Biological Significance or Vulnerability in the Arctic Marine Environment Workshop Report Prepared by Lisa Speer (NRDC) and Thomas L. Laughlin (IUCN) April 7, 2011 The authors would like to thank the following individuals for their valuable contributions and assistance: Dan Agro, Will Mitchell, Dorothée Herr, Alan Sielen, Jeremy Jackson, Caitlyn Toropova, Marina Zaiats, Marisa Kaminski, all the workshop participants and report reviewers. IUCN and NRDC would like to thank the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation for its generous support for this project. IUCN would like to thank Shell International for its support for IUCN’s work on this project. NRDC would like to thank the individual donors, members and supporters of our work in the Arctic. 2 IUCN/NRDC Workshop to Identify EBSAs in the Arctic Marine Environment Table of Contents 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................4 1.1 The IUCN/NRDC Project on Ecosystem-based Management in the Arctic Marine Environment .. 4 2. Workshop Description ....................................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • The Subsistence Harvest of Ice Seals in Alaska— a Compilation of Existing Information, 1960–2017
    The Subsistence Harvest of Ice Seals in Alaska— a Compilation of Existing Information, 1960–2017 Approved by ISC on May 31, 2019 A Report of the Ice Seal Committee Use of harvest data: Due to high variability in seal harvest numbers (among years, within communities, among communities, and within regions), harvest data presented here should not be extrapolated to other communities or regions at this time. For example, during the six-year span of 2012-2017, only 3 of the 64 (4%) coastal communities that harvest ice seals have been surveyed in two consecutive years or more. In addition, hunter concerns regarding the misuse of harvest data make extrapolation of harvest numbers inappropriate at this time. We are working toward a better understanding of harvest variability and community needs by conducting more and consecutive surveys with the goal of being able to report a statewide ice seal harvest in the future. Until then, please contact the Ice Seal Committee for guidance prior to using these harvest data. Citation: Ice Seal Committee. 2019. The subsistence harvest of ice seals in Alaska – a compilation of existing information, 1960-2017. http://www.north-slope.org/departments/wildlife- management/co-management-organizations/ice-seal-committee. Pages 1-86. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 4 BACKGROUND.........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Distribution of Marine Mammals in the Coastal Zone of the Bering Sea During Summer and Autumn
    DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE MAMMALS IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE EASTERN CHUKCHI SEA DURING SUMMER AND AUTUMN by Kathryn J. Frost, Lloyd F. Lowry, and John J. Burns Marine Mammals Biologists Alaska Department of Fish and Game Assisted by Sue Hills, Kathleen Pearse, and Jesse Venable Final Report Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment Program Research Unit 613 March 1983 377 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page LIST OF TABLES . LIST OF FIGURES . !. ABSTRACT . ● ✎☛✎☛ !!. INTRODUCTION . ...0 .0.00 ● **O* ● *=* 386 11!. CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE .*.*. ●.**= . ● *** 387 IV* STUDY AREA . v. METHODS . V1. RESULTS . ..**9 ● **** ● *** 397 A. Hope Basin . ● ✎✎✎☛ . ..00 ● .. *** ● ** . 397 B. Barrow Arch ✎ ✎✎☛☛ .**** ● *.** ● *** 416 v!!. DISCUSSION . ..** ..*.* ● ☛☛☛☛ ● ☛☛☛ 434 A. Spotted Seal . ● . ● . ● ● ● .’.’. “ ● 434 B. Walrus. ● ● 9 ● “ ● ● “ 9435 c* Belukha Whale . ● = ● c o . ● ● “.. 438 D. Harbor Porpoise . ● c ● . ● ● ● ● c “440 E. KiIler Whale. ● ● ● ● ● “440 F. Minke Whale . ● . ● ● ● ● ● “443 G. Gray Whale. ● ● ● ● . 443 Vlll. CONCLUSIONS . ● ● ● ● ● ● ● o ● ● ● .. 443 A. Adequacy of Sighting Data . 443 B. Importance of Coastal Regions to Marine Mammals . 446 c. Potential Effects of OCS Activities . 447 lx. NEEDS FOR FURTHER STUDY . ● . ● ● ● 449 x. LITERATURE CITED . ... 451 APPENDIX !. Geographical coordinates of locations referred to in the text . 460 APPENDIX Il. Source names index . 464 379 List of Tables Table 1. Geographical subdivisions of the Chukchi Sea study area. Table 2. Information sources consulted in addition to published literature Table 3. Sightings of coastal marine mammals along the northern Seward Peninsula, Hope Basin, region HB 1 Table 4. Sightings of coastal marine mammals in Kotzebue Sound, Hope Basin, region HB 2 Table 5. Sightings of coastal marine mammals from Cape Krusenstern to Cape Lisburne, Hope Basin, region HB 3 Table 6.
    [Show full text]