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Masarykova Univerzita Magisterská Diplomová Práce

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Masarykova Univerzita Magisterská Diplomová Práce Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav archeologie a muzeologie Magisterská diplomová práce Brno 2017 Bc. Kateřina Sedlářová Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav archeologie a muzeologie Klasická archeologie Bc. Kateřina Sedlářová Chrámy archaického a klasického období na Krétě Magisterská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Věra Klontza, Ph.D. 2017 Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s využitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. ………………………………………………... Tímto bych chtěla poděkovat svému vedoucímu práce paní Mgr. Věře Klontze, Ph.D. za cenné rady, odborné vedení a čas, který mi věnovala. Obsah OBSAH.............................................................................................................................................................. 5 ÚVOD ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 CHRONOLOGIE A ZKRATKY ....................................................................................................................................... 12 TERMÍNOVÝ HESLÁŘ ............................................................................................................................................... 13 GEOGRAFIE KRÉTY A SPECIFIKA JEJÍ POLOHY ................................................................................................................ 14 HISTORIE KRÉTY V ARCHAICKÉM A KLASICKÉM OBDOBÍ .................................................................................................. 17 Vznik politické struktury v oblasti Egeidy ..................................................................................................... 17 Fenomén tzv. nucleated settlements ............................................................................................................ 18 Existence citadel (citadel sites) ..................................................................................................................... 20 Tzv. úpadek 7. – 5. stol. před Kr. ................................................................................................................... 20 Příčiny úpadku ........................................................................................................................................................... 21 Úpadek u archaických a klasických chrámů na Krétě ................................................................................................. 23 SOUPIS LOKALIT ............................................................................................................................................. 25 ÚVOD .................................................................................................................................................................. 25 IRÁKLIO (HERAKLION) ............................................................................................................................................. 31 AMNISOS ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 Geografie, historie, kontakty ........................................................................................................................ 34 Funkce .......................................................................................................................................................... 36 Architektura a hmotná kultura ..................................................................................................................... 36 Kult, rituály a uctívané božstvo .................................................................................................................... 38 APHRATI (ARCADES) ............................................................................................................................................... 40 Geografie, historie a datace ......................................................................................................................... 40 Architektura a hmotná kultura ..................................................................................................................... 42 Komplex na jihovýchodním svahu Aï-Lia .................................................................................................................... 42 Kult, rituály, funkce a uctívané božstvo ........................................................................................................ 43 FAISTOS ............................................................................................................................................................... 44 Geografie, historie ........................................................................................................................................ 44 Architektura a hmotná kultura ..................................................................................................................... 46 Chrám Rhey................................................................................................................................................................ 47 Chrám na akropoli Mediana ...................................................................................................................................... 47 Budova jihozápadně od minojského paláce ............................................................................................................... 47 Budova na Ayios Georgios ......................................................................................................................................... 48 Kultovní aktivity a funkce ............................................................................................................................. 48 GORTÝNA ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 Geografie a datace ....................................................................................................................................... 50 Architektura a hmotná kultura ..................................................................................................................... 51 Svatyně na Akropoli ................................................................................................................................................... 52 Chrám Apollóna Pythia .............................................................................................................................................. 54 Funkce .......................................................................................................................................................... 55 Chrám Apollóna Pythia .............................................................................................................................................. 55 Kult, rituály a uctívaná božstva .................................................................................................................... 56 Svatyně na Akropoli ................................................................................................................................................... 56 KATO SYME .......................................................................................................................................................... 60 Datace .......................................................................................................................................................... 61 Funkce svatyně – dostupnost, kontakty, organizace .................................................................................... 62 Architektura .................................................................................................................................................. 64 Hmotná kultura ............................................................................................................................................ 65 Kult ............................................................................................................................................................... 67 Rituály ........................................................................................................................................................... 68 Uctívaná božstva .......................................................................................................................................... 69 KNÓSSOS ............................................................................................................................................................. 73 Geografie, datace ......................................................................................................................................... 73 Architektura a hmotná kultura ..................................................................................................................... 75 Svatyně bohyně Deméter .......................................................................................................................................... 75 Rhein chrám nebo Chrám bohyně Rhey .................................................................................................................... 76 Glaukonova svatyně ..................................................................................................................................................
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