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THE DESCRIPTION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USE IN THE BEATLES’ SONGS ALBUM A PAPER BY GARY RANDO GINTING REG. NO. 152202025 DIPLOMA - III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDY UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I am, Gary Rando Ginting, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where the reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree. No other person’s work has been without due acknowledgment in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award or another degree in any tertiary education. Signed : Date : 30 November 2018 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA COPYRIGHT DECLARATION Name : GARY RANDO GINTING Title of paper : THE DECRIPTION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN THE BEATLES SONG Qualification : D-III Ahli Madya Study program : English I am willing my paper should be available for reproduction at the description of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural studies, USU On the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic Indonesia. Signed : Date : 30 November 2018 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Bahasa kiasan adalah salah satu gaya bahasa atau cara mengungkapkan yang memiliki makna harfiah yang berbeda dari kata tersebut. Bahasa kiasan sangat umum di dalam puisi. Ini sangat bermanfaat bagi penulis karena dapat membuat bahasa mereka lebih indah untuk di dengarkan. Kiasan menyampaikan bayangan dari suatu makna yang tidak begitu bisa di ekspresikan dengan cara lain. Maka daripada itu, penulis memutuskan untuk memilih judul “THE DESCRIPTION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USE IN THE BEATLES’ SONGS”sebagai judul kertas karya. Penulis akan menjelaskan kiasan dan arti dari lirik lagu yang mengandung kiasan. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam kertas karya ini adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan dimana penulis mengumpulkan beberapa buku yang berhubungan dengan topik ini. Dalam kertas karya ini penulis akan fokus dengan empat tipe kiasan yaitu Personifikasi, Hiperbola, Simile, dan Metaphor. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui bahasa kiasan yang digunakan di lagu milik The Beatles dan menggambarkan arti lirik tersebut. Maka dari itu, penulis menerima kritikan dan masukan terhadap kertas karya ini agar dapat menjadi lebih baik. Kata kunci : Bahasa kiasan, Lagu, Lirik iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT Figurative language is one of style of language or figure of speech a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the word. Figurative language is very common in poetry. This is very useful to writer because it can make their language more beautiful to listen. Figurative convey shades of meaning that can’t be expressed exactly any other way. Therefore, author decided to choose “THE DESCRIPTION OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USING THE BEATLES’ SONGS” as the title for the study. Author will describe about figurative and the meaning for the lyrics that contain figurative. The method that the author used in this paper is qualitative-library research where the author collects some book that relevant with this topic. In this paper, author will focus on four types of figurative which are simile, metaphor, hyperbole and, personification. The aim was to know the figurative language used in THE BEATLES songs and to portray the meanings found in the lyrics. Therefore, the author welcomes any critics and suggestions that make this paper better. Key words: Figurative Language, Song, Lyric iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thanks and praise to the almighty God for blessing and giving me the opportunity, health, strength, and ability to accomplish this paper. However, this this success would not be achieved without support from individual, people and institution. For all guidance, the researcher would like thanks to: Dr. Drs. Budi Agustono, M.S. as the Dean of Faculty Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara. Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis, M.Hum as the head of English Diploma Study Program, who give me chance to prove my qualified for finishing this paper. My supervisorProf. Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A for the precious time and knowledge he has given me for finishing my paper. Both of my parents Agus Elia S.E, and Cinta Ulina Barus S.sos, and also my beloved old sister Ribka Pratiwi for their support, love, financial, prayers, care, and advice for me finishing my paper. I present this paper for you. For all of my friends especially PRSM who always support, help and pray for me in every situations and also in every problem that I have For my beloved friend Tika Wira Yolanda Purba who has filled my days and support me in every situations or problems. v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Also Solidas 15 A thank you for the moments in the last three years and for the others that I can’t mention, thanks for your existence and being my friend, I really appreciate every single time we spend together. Finally, I will accept the suggestion and critics that build me up from the readers because I know this paper is not perfect, and that’s why your critics might make this paper better. Thanks to all readers who read this paper. Medan, Friday, August 24th 2018 The writer, Gary Rando Ginting Reg. No: 152202025 vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION………………………………………………… i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION……………………………………………..... ii ABSTRAK…………………………………………………………………….... iii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………… v TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………… vii 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of the Study ………………………………….…………. 1 1.2 The Problem of the Study ……………………………………………….... 4 1.3 The Scope of the Study ……………………………………………….…... 4 1.4 The Purpose of the Study ………………………………………….…….... 4 1.5 The Method of the Study ……………………………………………….… 4 2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Figurative Language ………………………………..………. 5 2.2 Types of Figurative Language ……………………………………..……… 6 2.3 Lyrics ……………………………………………………………….....…... 8 3. FINDING & DISCUSSION 3.1 Simile ………………………………………………..………………..….. 9 3.2 Metaphor ………………………………………….…………………...…. 11 3.3 Personification ……………………………………………………..……... 15 3.2 Hyperbole ……………………………………………………………........ 17 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 4.1 Conclusion ……………………………………………….………...……... 20 4.2 Suggestion ……………………………………………………...…………. 20 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………. 21 APPENDICES………………………………………………………………… 22 viii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Background of the Study English has an important role for all people in the world because we can communicate with each other by using it. It is acknowledged by some linguists to describe about the definition of language. According to Keraf in Smaraphadhipa (2005:1) The first notion of language as a means of communication between members of public in the form of a symbol of the sound produced by means of said human. Second, language is a communication system that uses symbols sounds (speech sound) which are arbitrary. According to Santoso (1990:1) language is a series of sound produced bymeans of conscious human being. Meanwhile according to King PLATO, language is essentially a statement of one’s mind by means of onomata (name objects or something) and rhemata (speech), which isreflection of the idea of someone in the flow of air through in the mouth. Language is a system of communication which consists of a set of sound and written symbols which are used by the people of a particular country or region for talking or writing. The scientific study of language in any of its sense is called linguistics. 1 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA When we study about linguistics we will study semantics which study about figurative language. We know that meaning have an important role to study because it will give influence to someone to understand about speaker’s mean in giving some information to listeners. People like music or songs, from the young until adult, especially English ones. Most of them would like to collect the English song cassettes or CD. They are interested in improving English mastery through English songs especially these which are popular right now. In the lyric of western music we know that we do not only use connotative meaning which commonly understood cultural or emotional but we also use denotative meaning to express message from the singer. Many kinds of literature give us so much information in which they use non literal meaning of words. For example, some lyric on the songs uses figurative language to make it more interesting and imaginative. Figurative language is language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation or a way of saying one thing and meaning another. There are many kinds of figurative language such as: alliteration, cliché, hyperbole, idiom, metaphor, personification etc. It is associated with the lyric of song uses figurative language. Figurative language is the one of the most famous in society, and also in all education levels. In this study, the writer is concerned about the description of figurative language in this album, because there are many kinds of figurative language used 2 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA by the singer to express all the meaning of lyrics that they make. It is very difficult to describe about the meaning because the composer or songwriter created the songs based on their imagination or perception. Therefore, this paper will discuss figurative languagefound in the song lyrics and try to classify and describe them. In this study, the writer chooses “one’’ album, album by England rock band the beatles to be analyzed. This album was released in England on 2000 and also this album is combination among some of their album before, moreover the beatles is the one of the most popular band in the world and also they have sell more than million album copy. There are some figurative languages can be found in this album such as: personification, simile, metaphor.
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