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ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
CDF Study Report EXOPLANET Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission The programs of ESA’s Science and Robo c Explora on Directorate
F. Favata
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
One Directorate, two programs CDF Study Report • Science Programme EXOPLANET – Mandatory ac vity Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – Science driven
– Bo om-up program defini on – Covers all areas of space science • Robo c Explora on Programme – Op onal program – Technology driven – Top-down program defini on • Science community consulted – Currently geared to the robo c explora on of Mars • Other ac vi es may be added
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme CDF Study Report • EXOPLANET Mandatory Programme: all Member States Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission contribute pro-rata to their GNP – The “Agency’s backbone”
• Level of Resources decision by unanimity at CMIN – 3-5 yr budget horizon • Content of Programme (which missions?) decided by Science Programme Commi ee – Exclusive competence – Simple majority – Each Member State has one vote
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme governance CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • Bo om-up, community-driven program Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission • Missions enter programme through open “Calls” to scien fic community • Proposals are evaluated by the Space Science Advisory Commi ee (SSAC) • Director of Science makes proposals to SPC • SPC decides
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme governance CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • All missions in coopera on with Member States Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – ESA typically provides the S/C, the launch services and the opera ons
– Scien fic Community typically provides the scien fic P/L and elements of the science opera ons • Scien fic Community funded by Member State funding agencies – Typically, na onally-funded elements account for 30-40 % of mission’s total cost • May vary significantly depending on the mission
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme balancing CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • Discipline balance: serving all communi es Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission • Time balance: – Preparing the future (technology development, future mission studies) – Implemen ng the upcoming missions (building selected missions) – Opera ng past missions (exploita on of past investment)
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme’s building blocks CDF Study Report • Large missions XMM-Newton EXOPLANET Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – Typical ESA CaC 2 yearly budgets – ESA-led or ESA-only – Lead in respec ve areas – Typically planned long in advance (up to two decades) – Likely to require technological breakthroughs • Rely on innova ve European technology developed on purpose – Examples: XMM-Newton, Herschel, Rose a, BepiColombo, JUICE
Rose a
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme’s building blocks CDF Study Report Planck EXOPLANET • Medium missions Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – Typical ESA CaC 1 yearly budget – Can be, ESA-led, ESA-only, or par cipa on in missions led by third party – Flexibility to react to evolving science landscape – As short a lead me as possible (typically a decade) • Implies li le if any mission-specific techno Solar Orbiter developments – Examples: Huygens, Planck, INTEGRAL, Mars Express, Solar Orbiter, Euclid
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme’s building blocks CDF Study Report ASTRO-H • EXOPLANET Missions of Opportunity Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – Typical ESA CaC <= 0.2 yearly budget – Per defini on par cipa on in missions led by third party • Leadership with interna onal partner or even with Member State – Increase flight opportuni es for Double Star European scien sts – Give access to world-wide science COROT – Examples: ASTRO-H, Corot, Double Star, Microscope, SPICA
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Science Programme’s building blocks CDF Study Report • EXOPLANET Small Missions Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – New Programme element, s ll “experimental” – Typical ESA CaC <= 0.1 yearly budget – Member State partnership opportunity – Increase flight opportuni es for European scien sts – Provide opportunity for small member states – Example: CHEOPS
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186 ESA’s Science Programme: Europe
leading the world in space science CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • In a number of fields, ESA’s Space Science Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission missions are the world’s best
– Ambi ous but feasible – Leading the world – Used by the scien fic community worldwide • Herschel: biggest monolithic space telescope every built • Rose a: first ever docking on a comet
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
CDF Study Report EXOPLANET Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
CDF Study Report EXOPLANET Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Building tomorrow’s missions CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • A strong por olio of missions under Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission implementa on
– Gaia: nearing comple on with all flight hardware delivered. On track for a launch in October 2013 – Euclid: Europe’s leadership in dark energy science has entered implementa on in 2012. – LISA PathFinder, BepiColombo, Solar Orbiter, the European contribu on to JWST all progressing toward their launch.
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Building the future CDF Study Report • Technology development for iden fied missions EXOPLANET (selected for study or for flight) Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission • Coopera ve effort with Member States
– ESA funds technologies relevant to ESA-supplied mission elements – MS’s fund technologies relevant to MS-supplied mission elements • Studying future missions – Enabling informed decision-making by all par es: scien fic community, ESA Execu ve, SPC • Sketching innova ve mission concepts as a service to community
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186 Robo c Explora on Programme
governance CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • Missions/programs come into being through Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission – consulta on with Member States
– ESA proposal to Ministers – Decision by Ministers • Scien fic Advisory Commi ee (HESAC) consulted along the way • Program Board decides on implementa on elements
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Robo c Explora on: ExoMars CDF Study Report • Programme element currently under EXOPLANET implementa on Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission • Coopera on with Russia at Programme level
• Two missions – ExoMars 2016 (Trace Gas Orbiter) – ExoMars 2018 (Rover on the surface of Mars) • Similarly to Science Programme missions, provision of payload elements and scien fic exploita on under responsibility of Member States
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Robo c Explora on: MREP CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • Programme element aimed at the Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission development of future robo c explora on
technologies • Focused on the development of technologies geared to the explora on of Mars • Study of future candidate missions to Mars • Long-term goal is Mars Sample Return
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Cashing-in on past investment CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • The Science Programme exploits its large fleet Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission of missions
• Opera ng missions con nue to deliver ground-breaking results • Missions deliver an ever-increasing data volume – Evolving detector and communica on technology
ExoPlanet CDF Study Report: CDF-100(A) April 2010 page 1 of 186
Data policy CDF Study Report • Opera ons under ESA control EXOPLANET Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission • Data are transferred to PI’s a er acquisi on • A er varying degree of mission-dependent processing • PI selec on very dependent on mission • In parallel data are archived in ESAC • All data become public – Typically a er one year – earlier in some cases • Open access through ESAC’s archives once data are public – Anybody can exploit archived data – High volume of science results derive from archived data
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Science exploita on CDF Study Report EXOPLANET • ESA does not fund selected inves gators nor Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission archive users
– By choice of Member States • Scien sts rely on na onal funding schemes – Funding schemes vary a lot across Member States