The Cerebral Cortex and Higher Intellectual Functions

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The Cerebral Cortex and Higher Intellectual Functions

Biogenic Amines The biosynthetic pathway for the catecholamine neurotransmitters 08/20/2008 Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 2 Biogenic Amines Synapses MAO : Monoamine Oxidase Dopamine Dopamine receptors • G protein-coupled receptors • D1 → excite • D2 → inhibit Mainly presynabtic (Autoreceptor) • D3 → inhibit • D4 → inhibit • D5 → excite 3. Dopaminergic (DA) synapse 08/20/2008 Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 6 Dopamine Pathways DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAYS Nucl. Prefrontal Striatum accumbens CTX Nigrostriatal Mesolimbic Mesocortical pathway pathway pathway Substrantia nigra of midbrain Ventral tegmental area of midbrain Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAYS • Degeneration of nigro-striatal DA system Nucl. Prefrontal Striatum and Decreasedaccumbens DAergic CTXtrans-mission in the basal ganglia will lead to Parkinson Disease Nigrostriatal Mesolimbic Mesocortical pathway pathway pathway Substrantia nigra of midbrain Ventral tegmental area of midbrain Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAYS Nucl. Prefrontal Striatum accumbens naturalCTX PLEASURE, REWARD AND BEHAVIOR REINFORCING PATHWAY Nigrostriatal Mesolimbic Mesocortical pathway pathway pathway drug-induced HyperactivitySubstrantiaof nigra mesolimbic pathway: - positiveof midbrain symptoms of schizophrenia (hallucinations,Ventral etc) tegmental area of midbrain cocaine Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 DOPAMINERGIC PATHWAYS PATHWAY INVOLVED IN MOTIVATION Nucl.TO Prefrontal Striatum EXPLORE THE ENVIRONMENT: CURIOSITY,accumbens CTX INTEREST, COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY, DRIVE FOR SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT. Relative hypofunction in schizophrenia: Primary mesocortical dopamine deficiency will increase the NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS like Cognitive blunting, social isolation, apathy, anhedonia Nigrostriatal Mesolimbic Mesocortical pathway pathway pathway Substrantia nigra of midbrain Ventral tegmental area of midbrain Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 Norepinephrine Norepinephrine receptors Current Nomenclature of • α family Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes • Β family Noradrenergic (NE) synapse 08/20/2008 Lerant: Catecholamines 2008 14 Norepinephrine Pathway Norepinephrine Pathway • LC noradrenergic system is highly responsive external stimuli → attention • Learning/memory and seep/wake cycle • Anxiety and stress response • In FRONTAL CORTEX: – Mood regulation → Hypofunction of pathway→Depression NE: Locus Ceruleus ➔ FRONTAL CTX α2 postsynaptic receptor In FRONTAL CORTEX: • Attention, working memory, information processing. NE: Locus Ceruleus ➔ FRONTAL CTX β1 postsynaptic receptor In FRONTAL CORTEX: • Mood regulation. • Hypofunction of pathway: • Depression Serotonin Serotonin synthesis Serotonin Pathway Serotonin Receptors Serotonin Pathway Almost 17 type of receptor Wide spread mood, sleep, sexuality, impulsivity, aggression, stress, drug abuse Serotonin Pathway Almost 17 type of receptor Wide spread Serotonin system dysfunction involve in : Depression, Schizophrenia, OCD, Eating Disorders, Autism .

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Neural Mechanisms of Oxytocin and Serotonin Interaction in Non-Human Primates and Patients with Autism Arthur Lefevre
Neural mechanisms of oxytocin and serotonin interaction in non-human primates and patients with autism Arthur Lefevre To cite this version: Arthur Lefevre. Neural mechanisms of oxytocin and serotonin interaction in non-human primates and patients with autism. Neuroscience. Université de Lyon, 2016. English. NNT : 2016LYSE1323. tel-01508642 HAL Id: tel-01508642 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01508642 Submitted on 14 Apr 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N°d’ordre NNT : xxx THESE de DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON opérée au sein de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Ecole Doctorale 476 (Neuroscience et Cognition) Spécialité de doctorat : Discipline : Neurosciences Soutenue publiquement le 13 Décembre 2016, par : Arthur LEFEVRE __________________________________________ Neural mechanisms of oxytocin and serotonin interaction in non- human primates and patients with autism __________________________________________ Thèse dirigée par Angela Sirigu (DRCE, CNRS) Devant le jury composé de : GERVAIS Rémi, Président, (Professeur à l’Université Lyon 1 Claude Bernard) CHINI BICE, Rapporteur, (Senior researcher at the Institute of Neuroscience, Milan) CHAKRABARTI Bhismadev, Rapporteur, (Associate Professor at university of Reading and Senior researcher at Cambridge university) KRAUS Christoph, Examinateur, (Senior researcher at the Medical university of Vienna) SIRIGU Angela, Directrice de thèse, (DRCE, Université de Lyon, CNRS) 1 UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD - LYON 1 Président de l’Université M.
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Dopamine and Serotonin Metabolism in Parkinsonian Models
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