Tilapia production and trade with a focus on India
WAPI factsheet to facilitate evidence-based policy- making and sector management in aquaculture
May 2020 Preparation of this factsheet
This factsheet provides data and information to facilitate the assessment of the growth potential of tilapia farming in India. Analyses in the factsheet are based on official data and statistics published by FAO, UN Comtrade and other international or national organizations. The data and statistics, which were the most updated at the time when the factsheet was prepared, may differ from data and statistics used in other WAPI factsheets because of different data sources or different versions of the same dataset. They may not be consistent with data and statistics from other sources. The term “country” used in this factsheet includes non-sovereign territory. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The factsheet follows the grouping of Landlocked Developing Countries and Small Island Developing States (SIDS) adopted by the UN Office of the High Representative for the Least Developed Countries, Landlocked Development countries and Small Island Developing States (UN- OHRLLS): http://unohrlls.org/about-sids/country-profiles/. Unless noted otherwise, country grouping in this factsheet follows the United Nations M49 standard; under which India is a country in Asia and the sub-region of Southern Asia. The preparation of the factsheet has benefited from tables and charts generated by various World Aquaculture Performance Indicator (WAPI) modules. Most of these data analysis tools are for FAO internal use, yet some of them are available for test use. Visit the WAPI webpage for more information about WAPI information and knowledge products. The factsheet was prepared by Junning Cai and Giulia Galli. Valuable comments and suggestions provided by Randall Brummett, Victoria Chomo, Weimin Miao, Tipparat Pongthanapanich, Martinus Van der Knaap and Weiwei Wang are acknowledged. The validity and relevance of the results depend on the quality (in terms of timeliness and accuracy) of the underlying data and statistics used in the analyses. Errors could also occur in the analyses despite our efforts to minimize them. Simple text are provided to help users understand the tables and charts. Users may use the original data sources to verify the results. We welcome your feedback to help us improve the factsheet. Contact: Junning Cai (FAO Aquaculture Officer); [email protected]; [email protected].
2 Contents
1. Tilapia production 1.1 Wild and farmed tilapia production 1.2 Farmed tilapia production 1.2.1 Tilapia aquaculture production by region 1.2.2 Tilapia aquaculture production by countries/territories 2. Aquaculture production in India 3. International markets of tilapia products 3.1 Data and methodology 3.2 World tilapia market 3.3 Regional tilapia markets 3.4 Countries and trade unions 3.5 India’s export of tilapia products
3 1. Tilapia production 1.1 Wild and farmed tilapia production Global wild and farmed tilapia production increased nearly 100 times from 69 710 tonnes in 1950 to 6 882 202 tonnes in 2018 with the main contribution coming from tilapia aquaculture.
Status and trend of world tilapia production, 1950-2018 2018, 6 882 202 7 000 000
6 000 000
5 000 000 2010, 4 267 806
4 000 000
tonnes 3 000 000 2000, 1 870 000
2 000 000 1990, 875 911
1960, 142 832 1970, 290 415 1980, 450 580 1 000 000 1950, 69 710
0
Capture (World) Aquaculture (World) Total (World)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en).
6 Global tilapia aquaculture production increased from 1.19 million tonnes to 6.031 million tonnes between 2000 and 2018 with its share in the total farmed and wild tilapia production increased from 63.6 percent to 87.6 percent.
Contribution of aquaculture to world tilapia production, 2000-2018
88.4 86.1 87.1 87.6 87.6 88.1 87.6 81.9 83.3 78.8 80.2 76.0 77.5 72.9 70.4 68.2 69.7 63.6 65.8 5 935 6 031 5 460 5 586 5 160 4 738 4 428 3 917 3 494 3 088 2 826 2 554 2 265 1 795 1 992 1 419 1 587 1 190 1 303 680 678 662 689 755 740 716 741 761 760 774 785 713 704 732 716 790 803 851
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Aquaculture production (thousand tonnes) Capture fisheries production (thousand tonnes) Share of aquaculture in total fishery production (%)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). 7 In 2018, 125 countries/territories worldwide produced 6 882 202 tonnes of farmed and wild tilapia. Asia and Africa accounted for, respectively, 63.1 percent and 26.29 percent of the total production. The largest producing countries include China (23.61 percent of the total production), Indonesia (18.76 percent) and Egypt (17.04 percent), among others.
Status and trends of tilapia aquaculture and fisheries production Tilapia aquaculture and fisheries production: a global perspective Total (farmed and wild) tilapia production, 2018 60 Country/area Share of world Bubble size: population tonnes 50 total (%) World 6 882 202 100.00 production 40 Africa 1 809 088 26.29
Americas 726 171 10.55 30 LAC 719 623 10.46 Northern America 6 548 0.10 20 Asia 4 342 798 63.10
Europe 279 0.00 (%) to 2018 2000 10 Oceania 3 866 0.06 Top 10 farmed and wild tilapia producing countries/territories, 2018 `from 0 China 1 624 547 23.61 Indonesia 1 291 391 18.76 - 10 Egypt 1 172 538 17.04 - 20 Bangladesh 344 784 5.01 1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000 10 000 000 Brazil 339 850 4.94 fisheries tilapia and aquaculture of growth rate Annual Tilapia aquaculture and fisheries production in 2018 (tonnes) Philippines 321 077 4.67 Viet Nam 260 000 3.78 African countries Countries in the Americas Asian countries Thailand 233 941 3.40 European countries Oceania countries Mexico 190 097 2.76 Uganda 117 360 1.71 Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). 8 Top 15 most populated countries, 2018
Eight of the top 10 tilapia China 1 428 1 464 producing countries were India 1 353 1 504 among the top 15 countries United States of America 327 350 with the highest population, Indonesia 268 299 2018: 2018 2030 Pakistan 212 263 Brazil 209 • China 224 196 • Indonesia Nigeria 263 Bangladesh 161 179
• Egypt Million • Bangladesh Russian Federation 146 143 • Brazil Japan 127 121 • Philippines Mexico 126 141
• Viet Nam Ethiopia 109 145
• Mexico Philippines 107 124
Egypt 98 121
Viet Nam 96 104
Data source: United Nations World Population Prospects (2019 revision).
9 1.2 Farmed tilapia production World tilapia aquaculture production grew 9.44 percent a year from 1 189 926 tonnes to 6 031 432 tonnes between 2000 and 2018. The growth was primarily contributed by Asia (68.83 percent), Africa (21.83 percent) and LAC (9.2 percent). Tilapia is a major aquaculture species group in Africa (57.02 percent of the region’s total aquaculture production in 2018); whereas it contributed to only 3.95 percent of the total aquaculture production in Asia (the largest tilapia producing region). Regional overview of tilapia aquaculture production, 2000–2018
Tilapia aquaculture production quantity
Share of world tilapia production Share of each region's total Country/area Tonnes (%) aquaculture production (%) 2000 2018 +/- APR (%) 2000 2018 +/- 2000 2018 +/- World 1 189 926 6 031 432 4 841 506 9.44 100.00 100.00 0.00 2.77 5.27 2.50 Developed regions 8 665 6 827 - 1 838 - 1.32 0.73 0.11 - 0.61 0.21 0.14 - 0.08 Developing regions 1 181 261 6 024 605 4 843 344 9.47 99.27 99.89 0.61 3.03 5.50 2.47 Least developed countries 28 267 574 087 545 820 18.21 2.38 9.52 7.14 3.11 13.39 10.28 Landlocked developing countries 26 666 162 450 135 784 10.56 2.24 2.69 0.45 34.68 36.39 1.71 Small Island Developing States 7 324 6 002 - 1 322 - 1.10 0.62 0.10 - 0.52 10.29 9.39 - 0.90 Africa 176 963 1 316 409 1 139 446 11.79 14.87 21.83 6.95 39.21 57.02 17.81 Sub-Saharan Africa 19 528 264 619 245 091 15.58 1.64 4.39 2.75 18.19 36.80 18.61 Americas 100 527 561 540 461 013 10.03 8.45 9.31 0.86 6.90 14.70 7.80 Latin America and the Caribbean 92 476 554 992 462 516 10.47 7.77 9.20 1.43 10.60 17.55 6.96 Northern America 8 051 6 548 - 1 503 - 1.14 0.68 0.11 - 0.57 1.38 0.99 - 0.38 Asia 911 795 4 151 658 3 239 863 8.79 76.63 68.83 - 7.79 2.34 3.95 1.61 Europe 180 279 99 2.47 0.02 0.00 - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 Oceania 461 1 546 1 085 6.95 0.04 0.03 - 0.01 0.33 0.70 0.37 Pacific islands 461 1 546 1 085 6.95 0.04 0.03 - 0.01 2.16 8.06 5.89
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. APR = Annual percentage growth rate. 11 The Top 20 largest tilapia aquaculture countries (or territories) accounted for 97 percent of the world production in 2018, including China (26.93 percent), Indonesia (20.27 percent) and Egypt (17.43 percent) as the top 3 farmed tilapia producers. The 4th largest producer, Bangladesh increased its tilapia aquaculture production from 24 823 tonnes to 344 784 tonnes (38.94 percent annual growth) within 10 years (2010–2018), and the share of tilapia in its total aquaculture production of all species increased from 1.9 percent to 14.33 percent. Overview of large tilapia aquaculture producing countries/territories, 2010-2018 Tilapia aquaculture production quantity
Top 20 tilapia aquaculture Share of each region's total aquaculture Tonnes Share of world tilapia production (%) countries/territories, 2018 production (%) 2010 2018 +/- APR (%) 2010 2018 +/- 2010 2018 +/- 1.China 1 284 839 1 624 547 339 708 2.98 36.77 26.93 - 9.84 2.69 2.46 - 0.23 2. Indonesia 458 752 1 222 741 763 989 13.04 13.13 20.27 7.14 7.31 8.28 0.97 3. Egypt 557 049 1 051 444 494 395 8.26 15.94 17.43 1.49 60.58 67.34 6.76 4. Bangladesh 24 823 344 784 319 961 38.94 0.71 5.72 5.01 1.90 14.33 12.44 5. Brazil 155 451 317 080 161 629 9.32 4.45 5.26 0.81 37.75 52.35 14.60 6. Philippines 258 839 277 006 18 167 0.85 7.41 4.59 - 2.81 10.17 12.02 1.85 7. Viet Nam 121 196 260 000 138 804 10.01 3.47 4.31 0.84 4.49 6.26 1.77 8. Thailand 179 355 211 441 32 086 2 5.13 3.51 - 1.63 13.95 23.73 9.79 9. Colombia 49 893 77 933 28 040 5.73 1.43 1.29 - 0.14 62.08 58.70 - 3.38 10. Ghana 9 424 70 628 61 204 28.63 0.27 1.17 0.90 92.39 92.17 - 0.22 11. Uganda 31 670 70 095 38 425 10.44 0.91 1.16 0.26 33.34 67.57 34.23 12. Taiwan Province of China 74 888 62 633 - 12 255 - 2.21 2.14 1.04 - 1.10 23.76 22.06 - 1.69 13. Mexico 8 243 52 748 44 505 26.11 0.24 0.87 0.64 6.53 21.34 14.81 14. Myanmar 40 583 44 511 3 928 1.16 1.16 0.74 - 0.42 4.76 3.93 - 0.83 15. Honduras 16 455 33 500 17 045 9.29 0.47 0.56 0.08 59.82 51.54 - 8.28 16. Malaysia 38 886 31 766 - 7 120 - 2.50 1.11 0.53 - 0.59 6.69 8.10 1.41 17. Lao People's Democratic Republic 20 580 31 000 10 420 5.25 0.59 0.51 - 0.07 25.07 28.65 3.58 18. Zambia 10 208 24 190 13 982 11.39 0.29 0.40 0.11 99.20 99.55 0.34 19. Ecuador 47 735 23 050 - 24 685 - 8.70 1.37 0.38 - 0.98 17.50 4.27 - 13.23 20. Nigeria 11 989 21 734 9 745 7.72 0.34 0.36 0.02 5.98 7.46 1.48 Rest of the world 93 415 178 602 85 187 8.44 2.67 2.96 0.29 n.a. n.a. n.a. WorldData source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and3 Aquaculture 494 273 Production6 031 432 Statistics2 (FishStatJ;537 160 March 2020;7.06 www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en100.00 100.00 0.00 ). 4.48 5.27 0.79 Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. APR = Annual percentage growth rate. 12 1.2.1 Tilapia aquaculture production by region
13 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture World tilapia aquaculture production, 2000-2018 countries/territories in the world, 2018
11 230 040 1. China 1 624 547 Price (USD/kg)
2. Indonesia 1 222 741 1.86 1.36 3. Egypt 1 051 444
4. Bangladesh 344 784 2000 2018 6 031 432 5. Brazil 317 080
6. Philippines 277 006 tonnes 7. Viet Nam 260 000
1.3% 1.2% 8. Thailand 211 441 3.5% 1 615 377 4.3% 9.5% 26.9% 9. Colombia 77 933 4.6% 5.3% 1 189 926 20.3% 17.4%
10. Ghana 70 628 5.7%
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 573 829 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 14 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Developed countries/territories in Developed Regions, 2018 Regions, 2000-2018
1. United States of America 6 548
2. Germany 142
3. Switzerland 60 39 080
4. Poland 50 30 014 Price (USD/kg) 5. Italy 18 0.9% 0.7% 0.3% 0.1% 5.72 2.1% 0.1% 3.46
6. Spain 5 tonnes 7. Bulgaria 3 2000 2018 95.9% 8 665
8. United Kingdom 1 6 827
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 15 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Developing countries/territories in Developing Regions, 2018 Regions, 2000-2018
11 190 961 1. China 1 624 547 Price (USD/kg) 1.86 2. Indonesia 1 222 741 1.34
3. Egypt 1 051 444
4. Bangladesh 344 784 2000 2018 6 024 605 5. Brazil 317 080
6. Philippines 277 006 tonnes 7. Viet Nam 260 000
8. Thailand 211 441 1.3% 1.2% 1 585 363 3.5% 4.3% 9.4% 27.0% 9. Colombia 77 933 4.6% 5.3% 1 181 261 20.3% 17.5% 10. Ghana 70 628
5.7%
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 567 002 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 16 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories among Tilapia aquaculture production in Least Developed Least Developed Countries, 2018 Countries, 2000-2018
1 108 334 1. Bangladesh 344 784 Price (USD/kg)
2. Uganda 70 095 1.98 1.93 3. Myanmar 44 511
4. Lao People's Democratic Republic 31 000 2000 2018
5. Zambia 24 190 574 087
6. Tanzania (mainland) 11 000 tonnes 7. Malawi 8 544
1.4% 1.4% 0.8% 8. Sudan 8 000 1.9% 1.5% 3.4% 4.2% 56 089 9. Cambodia 8 000 5.4% 7.8% 28 267 12.2% 60.1%
10. Rwanda 4 526
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 19 437 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 17 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Landlocked Landlocked Developing Countries, 2018 Developing Countries, 2000-2018
1. Uganda 70 095 397 838 Price (USD/kg) 2. Lao People's Democratic Republic 31 000 1.97 2.45 3. Zambia 24 190
4. Zimbabwe 10 500 2000 2018
5. Malawi 8 544
6. Paraguay 6 912 162 450 tonnes 7. Rwanda 4 526 0.4% 2.2% 4.3% 0.9% 8. Mali 3 524 2.8% 0.7% 52 454 5.3% 6.5% 9. Burundi 1 455 43.1% 26 666 14.9%
10. Nepal 600 19.1%
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 1 104 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 18 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories Tilapia aquaculture production in Small Island in Small Island Developing States, 2018 Developing States (SIDS), 2000-2018
1. Haiti 1 270 Price (USD/kg)
2. Jamaica 1 213 2.93 2.50 3. Papua New Guinea 1 200 2000 2018 4. Dominican Republic 1 000 18 336 5. Cuba 487 17 611
6. Fiji 218 tonnes 7. Singapore 215 7 324 3.6% 1.2% 1.0% 3.2% 6 002 1.3% 8. Timor-Leste 80 3.6% 8.1% 21.2% 9. Guam 70 16.7% 20.2%
10. Belize 60 20.0%
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 190 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 19 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Africa, 2000-2018 countries/territories in Africa, 2018
1. Egypt 1 051 444 Price (USD/kg) 1 501 449 2. Ghana 70 628 1.74 1.14 1 316 409 3. Uganda 70 095
4. Zambia 24 190 2000 2018
5. Nigeria 21 734
6. Kenya 12 160 tonnes 7. Tanzania (mainland) 11 000 308 300 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.6% 1.7% 0.9% 2.1% 8. Zimbabwe 10 500 1.8% 5.3% 5.4% 176 963 9. Malawi 8 544
79.9% 10. Sudan 8 000
Others 28 114 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 20 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories Tilapia aquaculture production in Sub-Saharan in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2018 Africa, 2000-2018
1. Ghana 70 628 Price (USD/kg) 594 098 2. Uganda 70 095 1.85 2.25
3. Zambia 24 190 2000 2018 4. Nigeria 21 734
5. Kenya 12 160 264 619
6. Tanzania (mainland) 11 000 tonnes 7. Zimbabwe 10 500
3.2% 1.7% 3.0% 8. Malawi 8 544 4.0% 8.8% 4.2% 26.7% 36 096 9. Sudan 8 000 4.6% 8.2% 19 528 9.1% 26.5%
10. Rwanda 4 526
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 23 242 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 21 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in the Americas, the Americas, 2018 2000-2018
1. Brazil 317 080 Price (USD/kg) 1 220 504 2. Colombia 77 933 2.31 2.17 3. Mexico 52 748 2000 2018 4. Honduras 33 500
5. Ecuador 23 050 561 540
6. Costa Rica 16 200 tonnes 7. Guatemala 10 910 232 329 8. El Salvador 2.9% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.6% 7 421 1.9% 4.1% 100 527 9. Paraguay 6 912 6.0% 9.4% 56.5% 13.9%
10. United States of America 6 548
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014 2003
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 9 238 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 22 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Latin America Latin America and the Caribbean, 2018 and the Caribbean, 2000-2018
1. Brazil 317 080 Price (USD/kg) 1 182 526 2. Colombia 77 933 2.22 2.13 3. Mexico 52 748
4. Honduras 33 500 2000 2018
5. Ecuador 23 050 554 992
6. Costa Rica 16 200 tonnes 7. Guatemala 10 910 205 680 8. El Salvador 2.0% 1.3% 1.2% 0.6% 1.1% 7 421 2.9% 4.2% 6.0% 92 476 9. Paraguay 6 912 9.5% 57.1% 14.0%
10. Peru 3 075
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 6 163 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 23 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Asia, Asia, 2018 2000-2018 8 501 185 1. China 1 624 547 Price (USD/kg) 2. Indonesia 1 222 741 2.05 1.18 3. Bangladesh 344 784
4. Philippines 277 006 2000 2018
5. Viet Nam 260 000 4 151 658
6. Thailand 211 441 tonnes
7. Taiwan Province of China 62 633
8. Myanmar 44 511 1.1% 0.8% 0.7% 1 073 090 5.1% 1.5% 1.0% 6.3% 6.7% 9. Malaysia 31 766 39.1% 911 795 8.3%
10. Lao People's Democratic Republic 31 000 29.5%
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2018 2001 2010
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others 41 229 Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 24 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Southern Asia, Southern Asia, 2018 2000-2018
1. Bangladesh 344 784 Price (USD/kg)
0.2% 2. Sri Lanka 14 730 4.1% 0.1% 1.72 618 833 1.40 3. Nepal 600
4. Pakistan 246 95.7% 2000 2018
360 360 tonnes
84
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 25 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Europe, Europe, 2018 2000-2018
1. Germany 142 Price (USD/kg)
2. Switzerland 60 4.00 3.94 3. Poland 50
4. Italy 18 2000 2018
1.8% 1.2% 0.4% 5. Spain 5 6.4%
17.9% 6. Bulgaria 3 50.8% tonnes 21.5% 7. United Kingdom 1 1 101 720
279
180
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009 Others Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 26 Top 10 largest tilapia aquaculture countries/territories in Tilapia aquaculture production in Pacific Pacific Islands, 2018 Islands, 2000-2018
1. Papua New Guinea 1 200 Price (USD/kg)
2. Fiji 218 3.75 2.04 5 801 3. Guam 70
4. American Samoa 20 2000 2018
5. Northern Mariana Islands 18
6. Samoa 13 1.3% tonnes 1.2% 0.8% 0.4% 0.1% 7. Vanuatu 6 4.5% 14.1% 1 546 8. Cook Islands 1 938 77.6%
9. Solomon Islands 0.2 461
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2003 2014
2016
2005
2002
2000
2004 2008
2006 2009 Others Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 27 1.2.2 Tilapia aquaculture production by countries/territories
28 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in China, 2000-2018 production of China, 2018
Price (USD/kg) 4 417 143
2.72 1.00 1. Nile tilapia 1 218 547 2000 2018
tonnes 1 624 547
25.0%
75.0% 2. Blue-Nile tilapia, hybrid 406 000 548 261
548 261
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 29 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Indonesia, production of Indonesia, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 2 079 517
2.19 1.70 1. Nile tilapia 1 171 698 2000 2018
1 222 741 tonnes 4.2%
2. Mozambique tilapia 51 043 95.8% 186 692
85 179
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2008 2000
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 30 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Egypt, production of Egypt, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg)
1.73 905 963 0.86 1 051 444
2000 2018
1. Nile tilapia 1 051 444 tonnes
272 184
157 425
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 31 Tilapia aquaculture production in Bangladesh, Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture 2010-2018 production of Bangladesh, 2018
Price (USD/kg) 598 969 1.74 1.65
2010 2018
344 784
1. Tilapias nei 344 784 tonnes
40 986
24 823
2017
2011
2013
2015
2012
2010 2018
2014 2016
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 32 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Brazil, 2000-2018 production of Brazil, 2018
Price (USD/kg) 486 066
2.00 1.53 1. Nile tilapia 317 000
2000 2018
317 080 tonnes
99.97% 64 918 2. [Cichla spp] 80
32 459
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2009 2006
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 33 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in the Philippines, production of the Philippines, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 408 832 1.10 1.48
1. Nile tilapia 172 531 2000 2018 277 006
37.7%
62.3% tonnes
102 161
2. Tilapias nei 104 475
92 579
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2010 2001 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2009 2006
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 34 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Viet Nam, 2000- production of Viet Nam, 2018 2018
Price (USD/kg)
1.30 1.20
2010 2018 337 406
260 000
1. Tilapias nei 260 000 tonnes
145 061
121 196
2017
2011
2013
2015
2012
2010 2018
2014 2016
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 35 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Thailand, production of Thailand, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 0.70 1.32
279 221 1. Nile tilapia 211 368 2000 2018
211 441 tonnes 82 581 57 903
99.97%
2. Mozambique tilapia 73
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010
2014 2018
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 36 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Colombia, production of Colombia, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 213 931 3.10 2.75 1. Tilapias nei 55 043
2000 2018 tonnes 70 897 77 933
29.4%
2. Nile tilapia 22 890 70.6% 22 870
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010
2014 2018
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000
2004 2008
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 37 Tilapia aquaculture production in Ghana, Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture 2000-2018 production of Ghana, 2018
70 628 Price (USD/kg) 61 612 1.98 0.87
2000 2018
1. Nile tilapia 70 628 tonnes
7 350
3 712
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 38 Tilapia aquaculture production in Uganda, Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture 2000-2018 production of Uganda, 2018
169 263 Price (USD/kg)
2.41 1.00
2000 2018
1. Nile tilapia 70 095
tonnes 70 095
600
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 39 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Taiwan Province production of Taiwan Province of China, 2018 of China, 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 1.36 1.68 105 530
2000 2018
66 865 62 633
1. Tilapias nei 62 633 tonnes
49 235
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 40 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Mexico, production of Mexico, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 98 757 1.87 1.75
2000 2018
52 748
1. Tilapias nei 52 748 tonnes
11 771
6 726
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 41 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Myanmar, production of Myanmar, 2018 2002-2018
Price (USD/kg)
1.00 1.00
44 511 2002 2018
1. Tilapias nei 44 511 tonnes
44 511
9 200
9 200
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 42 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Honduras, production of Honduras, 2018 2000-2018
90 785 Price (USD/kg) 2.71 1.10
2000 2018
1. Nile tilapia 33 500 tonnes 33 500
2 090
1 900
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2018 2001 2010
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 43 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Malaysia, production of Malaysia, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg)
2.32 1.37 1. Tilapias nei 25 975
2000 2018
73 792 tonnes
18.2% 25 347 31 766
81.8% 2. Nile tilapia 5 790
18 471
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2010 2001 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 44 Tilapia aquaculture production in Lao People's Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Democratic Republic, 2000-2018 production of Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2018 Price (USD/kg)
2.10 1.50 46 500 2000 2018 39 749
31 000
1. Nile tilapia 31 000 tonnes
18 928
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 45 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Zambia, 2000- production of Zambia, 2018 2018
1. Nile tilapia 17 500 Price (USD/kg)
57 826 1.65 2.39 2. Three spotted tilapia 2 100
2000 2018
3. Longfin tilapia 1 800 4.5% tonnes 7.0% 7.4% 24 190
8.7% 4. [Oreochromis tanganicae] 1 690 72.3% 6 633
4 020
5. Redbreast tilapia 1 100
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 46 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Ecuador, production of Ecuador, 2018 2000-2018
Price (USD/kg) 4.50
0.77 103 725
2000 2018
1. Nile tilapia 23 050 tonnes
23 050
9 201
7 085
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 47 Species composition in the tilapia aquaculture Tilapia aquaculture production in Nigeria, 2000- production of Nigeria, 2018 2018
Price (USD/kg)
2.00 2.00 43 468
2000 2018
1. Tilapias nei 21 734 tonnes 21 734
5 410
2 705
2017
2011
2013
2015
2007
2012
2001 2010 2018
2014
2003
2016
2005
2002
2000 2008
2004
2006 2009
Quantity (tonnes) Value (USD 000)
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Tilapia = Tilapias and other cichlids. 48 2. Aquaculture production in India India (2000–2018): Aquaculture production increased from 1 942 531 tonnes in 2000 to 7 071 302 tonnes in 2018; the 7.44 percent annual growth rate was higher than the world and regional averages.
Status and trends of aquaculture production, 2000-2018 Aquaculture production in India from a global perspective, Annual 2000-2018 Aquaculture quantity (tonnes) Country/area growth 40 2000 2018 (%) Bubble size: population World 43 014 088 114 508 042 5.59 30 Developed Regions 4 050 345 4 974 186 1.15
Developing Regions 38 963 743 109 533 856 5.91 20 Asia 38 910 396 105 077 051 5.67 Southern Asia 2 672 459 10 173 614 7.71 10 Top 10 countries/territories with the highest population, 2018 China 29 749 708 66 135 059 4.54
India 1 942 531 7 071 302 7.44 2018 2000 (%) to from 0 United States of America 456 830 468 185 0.14 India, 7 071 302 tonnes Indonesia 993 727 14 772 104 16.18 - 10 7.44 percent
Pakistan 12 485 159 083 15.19 Annual growth rate of aquaculture production production of growth quantity aquaculture rate Annual Brazil 172 450 605 730 7.23 - 20 Nigeria 25 718 291 323 14.44 1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000 10 000 000 100 000 000 Bangladesh 657 120 2 405 416 7.48 Aquaculture production in 2018 (tonnes) Russian Federation 77 132 204 032 5.55 African countries Countries in the Americas Asian countries Japan 1 291 735 1 032 675 -1.24 European countries Oceania countries
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 50 Inland aquaculture accounted for 88.5 percent of India’s aquaculture production quantity in 2018, lower than the 94.9 percent in 2000 yet much higher than the 44.9 percent in the world aquaculture 2018.
India (2000) India (2018) World (2018)
Molluscs Diadromous fishes Molluscs Marine fishes 0.2% 3.6% Marine fishes 0.1% 1.6% Aquatic plants 2.6% 0.1% Crustaceans Crustaceans 5.0% 5.0% Crustaceans Crustaceans 9.6% 0.1% Marine Marine areas areas 5.1% 11.5% Freshwater Molluscs fishes 15.1% Aquaculture Aquaculture 39.8% Inland Aquaculture production production production waters Marine (2000): (2018): 44.9% (2018): 1 942 531 7 071 302 114 508 042 areas tonnes tonnes tonnes 55.1%
Inland waters Inland waters 94.9% 88.5% Aquatic plants Freshwater fishes Freshwater fishes 28.2% 88.4% 94.1% Diadromous fishes 1.1% Crustaceans 3.2%
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 51 India’s aquaculture production increased from 1 942 531 tonnes in 2000 to 7 071 302 tonnes in 2018 with the share of shellfish increased from 5.9 percent to 10 percent. Yet the species composition in India’s aquaculture production 2018 was still much less diversified than the world pattern.
India (2000) India (2018) World (2018)
Molluscs Molluscs Marine fishes Marine fishes 0.2% 0.1% 1.6% 2.6%
Crustaceans Crustaceans 5.8% 9.8% Aquatic Shellfish Shellfish plants 5.9% 10.0% 28.3% Other species Freshwater Aquaculture 29.1% Aquaculture Aquaculture fishes production production Finfish production 40.1% (2000): (2018): (2018): 47.4% 1 942 531 7 071 302 114 508 042 tonnes tonnes tonnes Shellfish Finfish Finfish 23.5% 94.1% 90.0% Molluscs Miscellaneous 15.3% aquatic Freshwater Freshwater fishes animals Crustaceans fishes 88.4% 0.8% 8.2% 94.1% Diadromous fishes 4.7%
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Production covers all species measured in tonnage. 52 Carps accounted for 65.71 percent of India’s aquaculture production tonnage in 2018, followed by freshwater fishes nei (13.67 percent), marine shrimps and prawns (9.65 percent) and catfishes (9.01 percent), among others. Top 10 aquaculture species groups by India (quantity; 2018) production quantity The country’s Share of the Share of world aquaculture Number of country’s aquaculture production species in the aquaculture production Species group ISSCAAP division quantity of each group farmed production quantity of the species group by the country quantity of all same species (live weight; species (%) group (%) tonnes) 1. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 8 4 646 300 65.71 15.90 2. Freshwater fishes nei (Osteichthyes) Freshwater fishes 1 966 350 13.67 37.97 3. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 3 682 300 9.65 11.36 4. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 2 637 000 9.01 11.02 5. Marine fishes not identified (ISSCAAP group) Marine fishes 1 110 000 1.56 14.33 6. Freshwater shrimps and prawns (Natantia, freshwater) Crustaceans 1 10 000 0.14 1.95 7. Mussels (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 1 9 000 0.13 0.43 8. Red seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 1 5 302 0.07 0.03 9. Oysters (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 1 4 000 0.06 0.07 10. Salmons, trouts, smelts (ISSCAAP group) Diadromous fishes 1 850 0.01 0.02 Other species 1 200 0.00 n.a. Aquatic products 21 7 071 302 100.00 6.18 Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: ISSCAAP (International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants) grouping can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. The taxonomic scope of WAPI species groups indicated in bracket. More information about the WAPI species grouping can be found at http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf. 53 Carps accounted for 54.64 percent of India’s aquaculture production value in 2018, followed by marine shrimps and prawns (26.82 percent), freshwater fishes nei (10.19 percent) and catfishes (5.25 percent), among others. Top 10 aquaculture species groups by India (value; 2018) production value The country’s Share of the Share of world aquaculture Number of country’s aquaculture production species in the aquaculture production Species group ISSCAAP division value of each group farmed production value of the species group by the country value of all same species (farmgate; species (%) group (%) USD 1 000) 1. Carps, barbels and other cyprinids (ISSCAAP group) Freshwater fishes 8 7 201 135 54.64 11.54 2. Marine shrimps and prawns (ISSCAAP group) Crustaceans 3 3 534 024 26.82 9.18 3. Freshwater fishes nei (Osteichthyes) Freshwater fishes 1 1 342 360 10.19 31.44 4. Catfishes (Siluriformes) Freshwater fishes 2 691 598 5.25 7.29 5. Marine fishes not identified (ISSCAAP group) Marine fishes 1 321 687 2.44 11.74 6. Freshwater shrimps and prawns (Natantia, freshwater) Crustaceans 1 58 489 0.44 1.37 7. Mussels (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 1 19 740 0.15 0.44 8. Salmons, trouts, smelts (ISSCAAP group) Diadromous fishes 1 5 593 0.04 0.02 9. Oysters (ISSCAAP group) Molluscs 1 3 802 0.03 0.05 10. Red seaweeds (ISSCAAP group) Aquatic plants 1 423 0.00 0.01 Other species 1 6 0.00 n.a. Aquatic products 21 13 178 855 100.00 5.00 Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: ISSCAAP (International Standard Statistical Classification of Aquatic Animals and Plants) grouping can be found at www.fao.org/tempref/FI/DOCUMENT/cwp/handbook/annex/AnnexS2listISSCAAP2000.pdf. The taxonomic scope of WAPI species groups indicated in bracket. More information about the WAPI species grouping can be found at http://www.fao.org/3/ca5187en/ca5187en.pdf. 54 India (2018): Farmed ASFIS species items ranked by quantity and by value.
Top-10 ASFIS species items in India's aquaculture Top-10 ASFIS species items in India's aquaculture production quantity, 2018 production value, 2018
1. Catla 2 800 000 1. Catla 4 421 734 2. Roho labeo 1 106 000 2. Whiteleg shrimp 3 183 239 3. Freshwater fishes nei 966 350 3. Roho labeo 1 795 101 4. Whiteleg shrimp 622 000 4. Freshwater fishes nei 1 342 360 5. Striped catfish 523 000 5. Striped catfish 688 264
6. Silver carp 444 000 1.6% 1.6% 0.8% 6. Silver carp 584 301 2.4% 2.3%
0.4% 1.0% tonnes 7. Mrigal carp 234 000 6.3% 3.3% 1.3% 7. Giant tiger prawn 345 082 4.4% 2.6% 5.2% 8. Torpedo-shaped catfishes nei 7.4% USD thousand 114 000 39.6 8. Marine fishes nei 321 687 33.6% 8.8% % 10.2% 9. Marine fishes nei 110 000 9. Mrigal carp 307 942 13.7% 13.6% 15.6% 10. Giant tiger prawn 59 000 10. Giant river prawn 58 489 24.2% Other species 92 952 Other species 130 658
Data source: FAO 2020. FAO Global Fishery and Aquaculture Production Statistics (FishStatJ; March 2020; www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en). Notes: Species item less than 1 percent of total production may not be labelled in the pie chart. ASFIS = Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System; more information about ASFIS species items can be found at www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en. Nei = not elsewhere included.
55 Tilapia aquaculture in India
Tilapia has not been recorded in the FAO statistics on aquaculture production in India as a distinct species item, yet it may be included in India’s production of “Freshwater fishes nei”, which is an ASFIS species item representing a group of miscellaneous freshwater fishes.
Anecdotal evidence indicates that India’s tilapia farming production was estimated at the level of around 20 000 tonnes during 2016-2020.
Pond culture was the main farming system in India’s tilapia aquaculture, with smaller amounts grown in cages, raceways and tanks.
Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was the primary farming species. Some O. mossambicus and red tilapia hybrids were also cultured, especially in relatively high salinity environment for polyculture.
Data and information source: Fitzsimmons, Kevin & Menaga, Meena. (2017). Growth of the tilapia industry in India. World Aquaculture. 48. 49-52. 56 3. International markets of tilapia products 3.1 Data and methodology Market indicators
Market size is measured by two indicators: (i) trade volume and (ii) trade value Market price is measured by trade value divided by trade volume. It should be noted that at an aggregate level, directly using trade value divided by trade volume may result in an inaccurate measure of trade price because some Comtrade data points report only trade value but not trade volume. While such data points are included in the calculation of trade volume or trade value, they have been excluded from the calculation of trade prices at the aggregate level. Number of suppliers in a market has two measures. One is the actual number of suppliers that measures how many countries or territories export to the market. The other is the effective number of suppliers that measures the diversity of suppliers (i.e. the evenness of the market share distribution among suppliers). The effective number of suppliers in a market is calculated by exp(-∑ si ln si ), where si denotes supplier i’s share in the market (equal to its export to the market divided by the total export of all suppliers to the market). For example, while 11 countries/territories exported tilapia products to Mexico in 2017 (Slide 79) – i.e. the actual number of suppliers being 11 – the effective number of suppliers is only 1.05 (Slide 71), reflecting the situation that Mexico’s tilapia import market in 2017 was dominated by one supplier, China (99.2 percent market share) – see Slide 79. Per capita import is calculated by dividing a country’s import of a commodity by its total population – the population data are from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2019. This indicator could give some indication of market potential, i.e., a country that has a relatively small per capita import of a commodity may have a relatively large potential in importing the commodity.
59 Data and methodology Procedure of determining whether to use import or export data The international market assessment used annual data from the UN Comtrade Database, accessed on 14 February, 2020.
Trade patterns for recent three years (2016–2018) were examined, with year 2018 being the focus. While the data for 2019 were available for many countries, they were not used because the data for China (a major supplier of tilapia commodities) were only updated to 2018 at the time of this analysis.
International trade between two countries can be measured by trade volume or value reported by the importer (i.e. import data) or that reported by the exporter (i.e. export data).
In this exercise, import data are used as the primary data, whereas export data are used as supplementary data when the import data are not available or less complete – the procedure of determining whether to use import or export data is illustrated by the flow chart on the right.
The Comtrade data on export (or import) include re-exports (or re-imports). In order to assess international trade patterns more accurately, re-exports (or re-imports) have been removed from the export (or import) data used in this exercise.
60 Tilapia commodities: The trade volume or value of HS (Harmonious System) level 6 products at the country level are directly obtained from the Comtrade database. The basic data are aggregated into high-level commodity groups. The “All tilapia products” here do not include tilapia products implicitly embedded in other HS level 6 products not listed in the table below (e.g. smoked tilapias).
Tilapia commodities Composition All tilapias products HS030271 + HS030323 + HS030431 + HS030461 Tilapias, whole HS030271 + HS030323 Tilapias, fresh whole HS030271 Tilapias, frozen whole HS030323 Tilapias, fillet HS030431 + HS030461 Tilapias, fresh fillet HS030431 Tilapias, frozen fillet HS030461 Tilapias, fresh HS030271 + HS030431 Tilapias, fresh whole HS030271 Tilapias, fresh fillet HS030431 Tilapias, frozen HS030323 + HS030461 Tilapias, frozen whole HS030323 Tilapias, frozen fillet HS030461
61 3.2 World tilapia market for international trade World import of tilapia products, 2016–2018 The world import of tilapias declined (in terms of both quantity and value) between 2016 and 2017 yet rebounded back to 522 397 tonnes (nearly USD 1.5 billion) in 2018. The product composition has been relatively stable with frozen fillets being the dominant product (51.61 percent of the total tonnage and 61.23 percent of the total value in 2018), followed by frozen whole tilapias (38.83 percent of the total tonnage and 22.03 percent of the total value).
2016 2017 2018 Quantity Tonnes Share (%) Tonnes Share (%) Tonnes Share (%) All tilapias products 500 986 100.00 484 847 100.00 522 397 100.00 Tilapias, fresh whole 15 748 3.14 12 810 2.64 21 313 4.08 Tilapias, frozen whole 186 390 37.20 179 631 37.05 202 861 38.83 Tilapias, fresh fillet 31 046 6.20 32 565 6.72 28 600 5.47 Tilapias, frozen fillet 267 802 53.45 259 840 53.59 269 623 51.61 2016 2017 2018 Value USD 1 000 Share (%) USD 1 000 Share (%) USD 1 000 Share (%) All tilapias products 1 520 056 100.00 1 427 701 100.00 1 499 516 100.00 Tilapias, fresh whole 47 534 3.13 42 120 2.95 41 832 2.79 Tilapias, frozen whole 289 803 19.07 284 140 19.90 330 282 22.03 Tilapias, fresh fillet 222 741 14.65 226 313 15.85 209 217 13.95 Tilapias, frozen fillet 959 977 63.15 875 128 61.30 918 186 61.23
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. 63 Product composition of world tilapia international market, 2018 (I)
World tilapia international market World tilapia international market (Quantity, 2018) (Value, 2018)
Whole Whole 4.1% Fillet 2.8% 5.5% Fillet 14.0% Fresh Fresh 9.6% 16.7%
All tilapias All tilapias products: Fillet products: 1 499 516 51.6% 522 397 thousand USD Whole tonnes Whole 22.0% 38.8% Fillet 61.2% Frozen Frozen 90.4% 83.3%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: Products less than 0.5 percent of the total may not be labelled in the charts. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. 64 Product composition of world tilapia international market, 2018 (II)
World tilapia international market World tilapia international market (Quantity, 2018) (Value, 2018)
Fresh Fresh 4.1% 2.8%
Frozen 22.0% Whole 24.8% All tilapias Whole Frozen All tilapias products: Frozen products: 42.9% 38.8% 1 499 516 51.6% Fillet 522 397 57.1% tonnes thousand USD Frozen Fillet Fresh 61.2% 75.2% 14.0%
Fresh 5.5%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: Products less than 0.5 percent of the total may not be labelled in the charts. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. 65 Top 10 tilapia exporters (by value) to the world market, 2018
World import of tilapia products from each country/area, 2018
Value Top 10 tilapia exporters by value Volume Price Market share USD 1 000 (tonnes) (USD/kg) (%) China 1 048 015 69.89 412 620 2.54 Indonesia 67 590 4.51 10 875 6.22 Colombia 66 632 4.44 7 513 8.87 Honduras 60 990 4.07 9 211 6.62 Taiwan Province of China 51 538 3.44 18 425 2.80 Costa Rica 42 327 2.82 5 268 8.03 Viet Nam 19 653 1.31 9 548 2.06 Netherlands 19 428 1.30 3 587 5.42 Mexico 17 506 1.17 3 060 5.72 Thailand 10 575 0.71 9 889 1.07 Rest of the world 95 263 6.35 32 401 2.94 World 1 499 516 100.00 522 397 2.87 Southern Asia 8 492 0.57 4 727 1.80 Bangladesh 4 030 0.27 1 379 2.92 India 3 269 0.22 2 666 1.23 Pakistan 1 193 0.08 682 1.75 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. 66 3.3 Regional tilapia markets for tilapia international trade Regional tilapia markets, 2018
Regional markets of tilapia import, 2018 Ranked by market value • Northern America (50.55 percent of the Tilapias import of each region, 2018 Per capita import world market value). • Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC; Regional Share of 17.29 percent). Value Volume Price markets total world USD/person kg/person • Africa (12.65 percent) (USD 1 000) (tonnes) (USD/kg) • Europe (9.81 percent) import (%) • Asia (9.41 percent) • Oceania (0.28 percent) Africa 189 616 12.65 125 235 1.51 0.15 0.10 Ranked by market price • Northern America (USD 4.07/kg) Americas 1 017 219 67.84 293 520 3.47 1.01 0.29 • Europe (USD 3.47/kg) LAC 259 248 17.29 107 465 2.41 0.40 0.17 • Asia (USD 2.55/kg) • LAC (USD 2.41/kg) N. America 757 971 50.55 186 055 4.07 2.08 0.51 • Oceania (USD 2.12/kg) • Africa (USD 1.51/kg) Asia 141 130 9.41 55 178 2.55 0.03 0.01
Ranked by per capita import (kg/person) Europe 147 050 9.81 46 387 3.17 0.20 0.06 • Northern America (0.51 kg; USD 2.08) • LAC (0.17 kg; USD 0.4) Oceania 4 247 0.28 2 004 2.12 0.10 0.05 • Africa (0.1 kg; USD 0.15) • Europe (0.06 kg; USD 0.2) World 1 499 516 100.00 522 397 2.87 0.20 0.07 • Oceania (0.05 kg; USD 0.1) Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. • Asia (0.01 kg; USD 0.03) Notes: World market value or volume includes that of unspecified areas. Numbers may not add up due to rounding. LAC = Latin America and the Caribbean. N. America = Northern America.
68 Sub-regional tilapia markets (share of the world market value), 2018
• Northern America (50.55 percent) Regional/sub-regional markets of tilapia products, 2018 • Central America (15.18 percent) Eastern Southern Middle Northern Europe Africa • Western Asia (6.15 percent) Europe Africa Southern Africa 1.3% 3.3% • Western Africa (4.87 percent) 1.6% 3.6% 0.7% Eastern Europe Western • Western Europe (4.14 percent) South-Eastern 2.8% Europe • Middle Africa (3.61 percent) Asia 4.1% Western 0.9% Africa • Eastern Africa (3.35 percent) Eastern Asia Western Asia 4.9% • 1.3% Europe Eastern Europe (2.77 percent) 6.1% Africa Southern Asia 9.81% 12.65% • South America (1.9 percent) 1.0% Asia Central • Southern Europe (1.61 percent) 9.41% America World tilapia 15.2% • Eastern Asia (1.31 percent) market (2018): • Northern Europe (1.28 percent) 1 499 516 • Southern Asia (1 percent) thousand USD • South South-Eastern Asia (0.93 percent) America • Southern Africa (0.72 percent) Americas 1.9% • Australia and New Zealand (0.26 67.84% percent) Northern America • Caribbean (0.21 percent) 50.5% • Northern Africa (0.09 percent) • Pacific islands (0.03 percent) • Central Asia (0.02 percent) • Unspecified areas (0.02 percent) Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: regions or sub-regions with a less than 0.5 percent share of the world market may not be labelled in the chart.
69 3.4 Country and trade union markets for tilapia international trade Major country or trade union import markets of tilapia, 2018: United States of America, Mexico and EU are the largest international tilapia markets. Relatively large tilapia markets in India’s neighbouring countries or regions include GCC (primarily Saudi Arabia), AFTZ and EAEC/EurAsEC. SAARC (including India) accounted for only 0.04 percent of the world market value, primarily reflecting India’s import.
Tilapias import in each market, 2018 Number of suppliers Per capita import
Top 10 tilapia markets Value Volume Price Actual Effective USD/person kg/person USD Share of (tonnes) (USD/kg) 1 000 world (%) 1. United States of America 722 938 48.21 178 989 4.04 31 4.11 2.21 0.55 2. Mexico 200 325 13.36 86 287 2.32 11 1.05 1.59 0.68 3. Israel 56 321 3.76 12 390 4.55 6 1.30 6.72 1.48 4. Côte d'Ivoire 45 767 3.05 39 654 1.15 6 1.03 1.83 1.58 5. Canada 34 879 2.33 7 033 4.96 23 6.73 0.94 0.19 6. Cameroon 34 037 2.27 13 707 2.48 2 1.07 1.35 0.54 7. Costa Rica 24 451 1.63 8 890 2.75 10 1.86 4.89 1.78 8. Russian Federation 23 911 1.59 8 996 2.66 2 1.00 0.16 0.06 9. Netherlands 23 893 1.59 6 691 3.57 33 7.00 1.40 0.39 10. Zambia 22 655 1.51 13 512 1.68 7 1.76 1.31 0.78 Rest of the world 310 338 20.70 146 247 2.12 n.a. n.a. n.a n.a World 1 499 516 100.00 522 397 2.87 99 4.35 0.20 0.07 NAFTA 958 142 63.90 272 309 3.52 35 3.47 1.95 0.56 EU28 116 717 7.78 35 596 3.28 59 8.59 0.23 0.07 African Free Trade Zone (AFTZ) 71 796 4.79 51 649 1.39 30 2.21 0.11 0.08 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) 33 506 2.23 23 125 1.45 30 9.56 0.59 0.41 Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC/EurAsEC) 24 470 1.63 9 184 2.66 4 1.10 0.13 0.05 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) 595 0.04 139 4.21 13 2.64 0.0003 0.0001 India 534 0.04 114 4.61 4 1.67 0.0004 0.0001 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: The members of GCC include Bahrain, Kuwait, Omen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. The members of AFTZ include 26 countries in Northern, Eastern and Southern Africa (Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland). The members of EAEC/EurAsEC include Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation and Tajikistan. The members of SAARC include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. 71 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): Import of tilapias, 2018
Fresh 0.8% Top 10 tilapia exporters to NAFTA (2018, tonnes)
Frozen 16.4% China 224 368 Honduras 9 211 Whole 17.2% Taiwan Province of China 9 082 Fresh Colombia 7 274 NAFTA 8.7% import of tilapias products (2018): Indonesia 7 125 272 309 1.1% 0.8% 0.3% Costa Rica 5 142 2.6% 0.3% tonnes 1.9% 1.2% Mexico 3 034 3.3% 2.7% Fillet 3.4% 82.8% Viet Nam 2 173 Frozen Ecuador 942 74.1% 82.4% Brazil 771 Rest of the world 3 187
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: Members of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. 72 EU28: Import of tilapias, 2018
Top 10 tilapia exporters to EU28 (2018, tonnes) Fresh 5.1% China 20 253 Netherlands 3 381 Viet Nam 3 069 Indonesia 2 151 EU import of Whole Frozen tilapias Frozen Belgium 1 313 49.3% Fillet products (2018): 45.9% 40.9% 54.1% 35 596 Thailand 1 004 1.5% 1.2% 1.0% tonnes 5.9% Poland 978 2.8% 2.7% 3.7% Denmark 532 6.0% 8.6% Greece 444 56.9% 9.5% Spain 369 Fresh 4.8% Rest of the world 2 100
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
73 African Free Trade Zone (AFTZ): Import of tilapias, 2018
Fresh Frozen 0.9% 1.2% Top 10 tilapia exporters to AFTZ (2018, tonnes) Fresh 13.6% China 45 350 Fillet Zimbabwe 1 837 2.2% South Africa 1 600
AFTZ import of Viet Nam 854 tilapia products Uganda 665 (2018): 1.3% 0.7% 0.3% 51 649 0.2% India 338 1.7% 0.2% 3.1% 0.2% tonnes 3.6% 1.0% Zambia 166 Whole Namibia 121 97.8% Canada 106 87.8% Frozen Mozambique 97 84.2% Rest of the world 515
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: The members of AFTZ include 26 countries in Eastern Africa (Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe), Middle Africa (Angola and Democratic Republic of the Congo), Northern Africa (Egypt, Libya and Sudan), and Southern Africa (Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia and South Africa). See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. 74 Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): Import of tilapias, 2018
Frozen Fresh 0.4% 0.9% Top 10 tilapia exporters to GCC (2018, tonnes)
Fresh Taiwan Province of China 6 311 21.3% Fillet Egypt 3 972 1.3% Thailand 3 079
GCC import of Myanmar 2 456 tilapia products India 2 148 (2018): 23 125 China 1 852 2.9% tonnes 0.7% 2.4% Bangladesh 1 071 4.6% 3.7% 8.0% 27.3% Whole Viet Nam 858 98.7% 9.3% Pakistan 680 17.2% Frozen 10.6% 13.3% 77.4% Republic of Korea 154 Rest of the world 545
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: The members of GCC include Bahrain, Kuwait, Omen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
75 Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC/EurAsEC): Import of tilapias, 2018
Frozen Fresh 0.3% 0.1% Tilapia exporters to EAEC/EurAsEC (2018, tonnes)
Whole China 9 045 0.3%
EAEC/EurAsEC import of Russian Federation 139 tilapia products (2018): 9 184 tonnes 1.5%
Kazakhstan 0.3 Fillet 99.7% 98.5% Frozen India 0.02 99.6%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: The members of EAEC/EurAsEC include Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russian Federation and Tajikistan. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
76 South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): Import of tilapias, 2018
Fresh Top 10 tilapia exporters to SAARC (2018, tonnes) Fresh 0.7% 3.8% Frozen 6.4% China 87
Whole United States of America 27 10.2% Spain 11
SAARC import Thailand 7 of tilapia products (2018): Myanmar 4 139 Malaysia 1 tonnes 0.9% 0.6% 0.6% 3.1% 0.2% Netherlands 1 7.7% 5.0% Fillet United Kingdom 1 89.8% 19.5% Australia 0.31 62.3%
Frozen United Arab Emirates 0.06 89.1% Rest of the world 0.02
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: The members of SAARC include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
77 United States of America: Import of tilapias, 2018
Fresh 1.1% Top 10 tilapia exporters to United States of America (2018, tonnes) Frozen 17.7% China 135 768 Whole Honduras 8 427 18.8% Taiwan Province of China 7 868 United States of America Colombia 6 658 import of tilapia Fresh products (2018): 12.1% Indonesia 6 613 178 989 3.7% 0.9% 0.5% 0.4% Costa Rica 4 589 1.6% tonnes 2.6% 1.7% 3.7% Fillet Mexico 3 034 4.4% Frozen 81.2% Viet Nam 1 662 4.7% 69.1% Ecuador 836 75.9% Brazil 756 Rest of the world 2 779
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
78 Mexico: Import of tilapias, 2018
Top 10 tilapia exporters to Mexico (2018, tonnes) Frozen 12.2% China 85 562
Whole Viet Nam 405 12.2% China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 117 Canada Mexico import 45 of tilapia United States of America 44 products (2018): 86 287 Peru 37 tonnes 0.5% Costa Rica 25 Fillet Chile 19 87.8% Honduras 17 99.2% Frozen Singapore 15 87.8% Rest of the world 0.33
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
79 Israel: Import of tilapias, 2018
Frozen Tilapia exporters to Israel (2018, tonnes) 1.2%
China 11 532
Whole China, Hong Kong Special Administrative 1.2% 837 Region
Israel import of tilapia products Switzerland 14 (2018): 12 390 tonnes 6.8% Netherlands 4 Fillet 98.8% Viet Nam 3 Frozen 93.1% 98.8% Germany 0.2
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
80 Côte d'Ivoire: Import of tilapias, 2018
Fresh 0.3% Tilapia exporters to Côte d'Ivoire (2018, tonnes)
China 39 489
India 97 Côte d'Ivoire import of tilapia products Viet Nam 66 (2018): 39 654 tonnes Germany 1
Whole 100.0% Netherlands 0.8 99.6%
Frozen Kenya 0.2 99.7%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
81 Canada: Import of tilapias, 2018
Top 10 tilapia exporters to Canada (2018, tonnes) Fresh 2.4% China 3 038
Frozen Taiwan Province of China 1 213 32.5% Honduras 767 Frozen Whole Canada import 36.5% Colombia 616 38.9% of tilapia Costa Rica products (2018): 527 Fillet 7 033 Indonesia 512 tonnes 1.5% 1.5% 1.2% 0.3% 61.1% 0.6% Viet Nam 106 7.3% 7.5% Ecuador 106 43.2% 8.8% United States of America 87 10.9% 17.3% Thailand Fresh 18 28.7% Rest of the world 40
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
82 Cameroon: Import of tilapias, 2018
Tilapia exporters to Cameroon (2018, tonnes)
China 13 344 Cameroon import of tilapia products (2018): 13 707 tonnes 2.7%
Whole 100.0% Thailand 364 97.3% Frozen 100.0%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
83 Costa Rica: Import of tilapias, 2018
Tilapia exporters to Costa Rica (2018, tonnes) Fresh 6.3% Fresh China 7 226 10.1% Whole China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 139 6.3% Viet Nam 52
Costa Rica Nicaragua 1 import of tilapia products Taiwan Province of China 1 (2018): 8 890 Germany 0.25 tonnes 0.6%
Netherlands 0.15 1.6% Fillet 16.5% 93.7% Panama 0.02 81.3% Frozen Chile 0.01 83.7% Rest of the world 1 470
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities. The rest of the world represents unspecified areas.
84 Russian Federation: Import of tilapias, 2018
Frozen 0.3% Tilapia exporters to Russian Federation (2018, tonnes)
Whole 0.3% China 8 996 Russian Federation import of tilapia products (2018): 8 996 tonnes
Fillet 99.7% India 0.02 99.9998%
Frozen 99.7%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
85 Netherlands: Import of tilapias, 2018
Top 10 tilapia exporters to Netherlands (2018, tonnes) Fresh 3.2% China 2 536 Indonesia 1 473
Frozen Belgium 1 082 38.0% Netherlands Viet Nam 975 Fillet import of 42.8% tilapia Poland 171 products Whole Greece 100 (2018): 6 691 57.2% 1.5% 1.3% 0.8% 0.6% 1.1% tonnes Frozen Germany 1.5% 54.0% 98 2.6% Denmark 88 14.6% 37.9% Italy 51 16.2% Fresh 22.0% 4.8% United Kingdom 42 Rest of the world 76
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
86 Zambia: Import of tilapias, 2018
Frozen 0.1% Tilapia exporters to Zambia (2018, tonnes)
China 11 716 Fillet 0.1% Zimbabwe 1 516 Fresh Zambia 42.1% import of South Africa 97 tilapia products (2018): 13 512 Mozambique 81 Frozen 0.6% 0.4% 0.2% tonnes 0.7% 0.2% 57.8% Namibia 51 11.2% Whole 99.9% Brazil 26 86.7%
Netherlands 26
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
87 3.5 India’s export of tilapia products India’s export of tilapia products, 2016–2018 India exported around 2 500 tonnes (USD 3 million) tilapia products a year during 2016–2018, which was composed of primarily frozen whole tilapias with a substantial amount of fresh whole tilapias as well. The country exported 83 tonnes of frozen fillets and 34 tonnes of fresh fillets in 2017, but the export of tilapia fillets dropped below 1 tonne in 2018.
2016 2017 2018 India’s export (quantity) Tonnes Share (%) Tonnes Share (%) Tonnes Share (%) All tilapias products 2 617 100.00 2 283 100.00 2 666 100.00 Tilapias, fresh whole 10 0.38 110 4.82 326 12.21 Tilapias, frozen whole 2 534 96.82 2 056 90.07 2 340 87.77 Tilapias, fresh fillet 15 0.56 34 1.49 0.39 0.01 Tilapias, frozen fillet 59 2.24 83 3.62 0.20 0.01 2016 2017 2018 India’s export (value) USD 1 000 Share (%) USD 1 000 Share (%) USD 1 000 Share (%) All tilapias products 3 226 100.00 2 826 100.00 3 269 100.00 Tilapias, fresh whole 29 0.90 264 9.34 880 26.91 Tilapias, frozen whole 2 963 91.85 2 256 79.81 2 387 73.02 Tilapias, fresh fillet 115 3.58 148 5.25 1.21 0.04 Tilapias, frozen fillet 119 3.68 158 5.60 1.05 0.03 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
89 Product composition in India’s tilapia export (2018): Frozen whole tilapias accounted for 87.8 percent of India’s 2 666 tonnes of tilapia export in 2018 (73 percent of the 3.269 million export value). The share of fresh whole tilapias was 12.2 percent in volume and 26.9 percent in value, whereas that of tilapia fillets was less than 0.1 percent. Quantity Value
Fresh 12.2% Fresh 26.9%
India export of India export of tilapia products tilapia products (2018): (2018): 2 666 3 269 thousand tonnes USD
Whole Whole 99.98% Frozen 99.93% 73.0% Frozen 87.8%
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
90 India’s tilapia export to regional markets, 2018
India's export of all tilapia products to each market, 2018 India exported 2 666 tonnes (USD 3.269 Price of India’s export to Value million) of tilapia products in 2018, accounting each market for 0.22 percent of the world market value. India’s price Regional market Volume 97.46 percent of the export value went to Share of India's compared to Share in each (tonnes) Developing Regions. USD 1 000 tilapia export to USD/kg the average market (%) the world (%) price in each 83.78 percent of India’s total tilapia export market (%) value in 2018 went to Asia, primarily GCC World 3 269 100.00 0.22 2 666 1.23 42.74 members in Western Asia. Developing regions 3 186 97.46 0.60 2 622 1.22 63.05 Developed regions 83 2.54 0.01 44 1.90 48.64 13.51 percent went to Africa, primarily Eastern Asia 2 739 83.78 1.94 2 173 1.26 49.39 Africa (7.42 percent), Western Africa (3.42 Western Asia 2 738 83.76 2.97 2 173 1.26 50.62 percent) and Southern Africa (2.36 percent). GCC 2 711 82.92 8.09 2 148 1.26 87.12 Africa 442 13.51 0.23 444 0.99 65.71 India only had a small amount of export to AFTZ 320 9.78 0.45 338 0.95 68.15 Europe (almost entirely to EU28), and it Eastern Africa 243 7.42 0.48 241 1.01 51.71 virtually had no tilapia export to NAFTA, the Western Africa 112 3.42 0.15 97 1.15 87.24 largest international market for tilapia exports. Southern Africa 77 2.36 0.71 97 0.79 75.38 Middle Africa 10 0.31 0.02 9 1.07 66.51 The USD 1.23/kg average price of India’s tilapia Europe 82 2.51 0.06 43 1.89 59.71 export to the world market was less than half EU28 82 2.50 0.07 43 1.89 57.60 (42.74 percent) of the world average, which to Western Europe 54 1.64 0.09 28 1.93 54.87 some extent reflects the product composition in Northern Europe 28 0.87 0.15 16 1.82 52.75 its tilapia export dominated by frozen whole Americas 6 0.20 0.00 5 1.31 37.88 tilapia. NAFTA 0.87 0.03 0.00 0.28 3.13 89.07 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: Small regional/sub-regional markets may not be presented in the table. The members of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) include Bahrain, Kuwait, Omen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates. The members of the African (AFTZ) include 26 countries in Northern, Eastern and Southern Africa (Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, United Republic of Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa and Swaziland). Members of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are Canada, Mexico and the United States of America. 91 India’s overall tilapia export to national markets, 2018
India's export of all tilapia products to each market, 2018 India exported tilapia to 31 Price of India’s export to Value countries/territories in 2018 with the top each market 10 markets accounting for 98 percent of India’s price Top 10 national markets Volume its total export value. Share of India's compared to Share in each (tonnes) USD 1 000 tilapia export to USD/kg the average market (%) GCC members (Saudi Arabia #1, United the world (%) price in each Arab Emirates #2, Qatar #3, Oman #5 market (%) and Kuwait #7) accounted for over 80 1. Saudi Arabia 1 303 39.86 6.62 740 1.76 113.42 percent of the total tilapia export value. 2. United Arab Emirates 854 26.11 11.60 892 0.96 83.08
Kenya #4, Côte d'Ivoire #6 and South 3. Qatar 290 8.88 11.85 192 1.51 57.81 Africa #8 were the main destinations of 4. Kenya 239 7.31 1.25 239 1.00 44.06 India’s tilapia export to Africa. 5. Oman 153 4.69 38.98 190 0.81 72.36
India accounted for 38.98 percent of 6. Côte d'Ivoire 112 3.42 0.24 97 1.15 99.93 Oman’s tilapia import market, and its 7. Kuwait 87 2.68 3.46 117 0.75 64.67 share in the United Arab Emirates and 8. South Africa 77 2.36 1.09 97 0.79 96.68 Qatar markets were, respectively, 11.6 9. France 50 1.53 0.65 27 1.83 88.70 percent and 11.85 percent. 10. Jordan 27 0.84 2.15 25 1.12 68.35 The price of India’s tilapia export was Rest of the world 76 2.32 n.a. 50 1.53 n.a generally lower than the average price in World 3 269 100.00 0.22 2 666 1.23 42.74 each of the top 10 markets. Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: The members of GCC include Bahrain, Kuwait, Omen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.
92 Top 10 markets of India’s export of all tilapia products, 2018
Top 10 markets of India’s overall tilapia export, 2018 Top 10 markets of India’s overall tilapia export, 2018 (tonnes) (USD 1 000) (total: 2 666 tonnes) (total: USD 3.269 million)
United Arab Emirates 892 Saudi Arabia 1 303
Saudi Arabia 740 United Arab Emirates 854
Kenya 239 Qatar 290 Qatar 192 Kenya 239
Oman 190 Oman 153
0.8% Kuwait 117 1.0% 0.9% Côte d'Ivoire 112 1.5% 2.7% 2.3% 3.6% 1.9% 2.4% South Africa 97 4.4% 3.6% Kuwait 87 3.4% 4.7% 7.1% Côte d'Ivoire 97 33.5% South Africa 77 7.3% 39.9% 7.2% 8.9% France 27 8.9% France 50 27.8% 26.1% Jordan 25 Jordan 27
Rest of the world 50 Rest of the world 76
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
93 India’s export of frozen whole tilapias, 2018
India's export of frozen whole tilapias to each market, 2018 Price of India’s export to Value India exported frozen whole tilapias to 19 each market countries/territories in 2018 with the top 10 India’s price markets accounting for 97 percent of its total Top 10 markets Volume Share of India's compared to export value. Share in each (tonnes) USD 1 000 total export of this USD/kg the average market (%) product (%) price in each GCC members (United Arab Emirates #1, Saudi market (%) Arabia #2, Oman #4, Kuwait #6 and Qatar #7) accounted for over 70 percent of India’s export 1. United Arab Emirates 852 35.69 25.76 892 0.96 78.33 value of frozen whole tilapias. 2. Saudi Arabia 667 27.96 3.60 547 1.22 80.98 Kenya #3, Côte d'Ivoire #5 and South Africa #8 3. Kenya 239 10.01 1.38 239 1.00 44.71 were the main destinations of India’s export of 4. Oman 132 5.54 58.70 166 0.80 83.40 frozen whole tilapia to Africa, which accounted for nearly 20 percent of the total export value. 5. Côte d'Ivoire 112 4.69 0.25 97 1.15 100.02 6. Kuwait 87 3.66 3.92 117 0.75 63.94 India accounted for 58.7 percent of Oman’s import of frozen whole tilapias, and its share in 7. Qatar 81 3.38 25.71 86 0.94 87.43 the United Arab Emirates and Qatar markets 8. South Africa 77 3.23 1.15 97 0.79 100.71 were, respectively, 25.76 percent and 25.71 percent. 9. France 50 2.09 0.78 27 1.83 99.92 10. Jordan 27 1.15 3.60 25 1.12 78.69 The price of India’s export of frozen whole tilapias was generally lower than the average Rest of the world 62 2.60 n.a. 47 1.32 n.a. price in each of the top 10 markets. World 2 387 100.00 0.72 2 340 1.02 62.67 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Notes: The members of GCC include Bahrain, Kuwait, Omen, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates.
94 Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen whole tilapia, 2018
Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen whole tilapias, Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen whole tilapias, 2018 (tonnes) 2018 (USD 1 000) (total: 2 340 tonnes) (total: USD 2.387 million)
United Arab Emirates 892 United Arab Emirates 852
Saudi Arabia 547 Saudi Arabia 667
Kenya 239 Kenya 239
Oman 166 Oman 132
Kuwait 117 Côte d'Ivoire 112
South Africa 97 1.0% Kuwait 87 2.1% 1.2% 3.4% 1.1% 2.0% Côte d'Ivoire 97 4.1% 3.7% Qatar 81 3.2% 2.6% 4.2% 3.7% 5.0% 4.7% Qatar 86 38.1% South Africa 77 35.7% 7.1% 5.5% France 27 10.2% France 50 10.0% 23.4% 28.0% Jordan 25 Jordan 27
Rest of the world 47 Rest of the world 62
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
95 India’s export of fresh whole tilapias, 2018
India's export of fresh whole tilapias to each market, 2018 Price of India’s export to Value India exported fresh whole tilapias to 10 each market countries/territories in 2018 with the India’s price largest two markets, Saudi Arabia and Top 10 markets Volume Share of India's compared to Qatar, accounting for over 95 percent of Share in each (tonnes) USD 1 000 total export of this USD/kg the average the total export value. market (%) product (%) price in each market (%) India accounted for 58.26 percent of Saudi Arabia’s total import of fresh whole 1. Saudi Arabia 636 72.25 58.26 193 3.30 109.24 tilapias in 2018, and its share in the 2. Qatar 210 23.83 12.61 106 1.98 64.14 fresh whole tilapia market of Qatar and Oman were, respectively, 12.61 percent 3. Oman 21 2.41 12.69 24 0.87 60.77 and 12.69 percent. 4. Bahrain 9 0.98 6.13 2 4.95 226.71
The average price of India’s fresh whole 5. Austria 2 0.28 2.07 0.11 22.93 140.20 tilapia export (USD 2.70/kg) was 139.29 6. United Arab Emirates 1 0.15 0.04 0.49 2.77 291.22 percent of the world average. In five of the 7. Singapore 0.48 0.05 0.06 0.28 1.70 89.07 ten markets (Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Austria, United Arab Emirates and 8. Canada 0.22 0.02 0.03 0.08 2.70 52.84 France), the price of India’s fresh whole 9. France 0.09 0.01 0.04 0.02 5.53 101.14 tilapia export was higher than the 0.04 0.00 0.29 0.05 0.96 17.21 average market price. 10. United Kingdom World 880 100.00 2.10 326 2.70 139.29 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information.
96 Top 10 markets of India’s export of fresh whole tilapia, 2018
Top 10 markets of India’s export of fresh whole tilapias, 2018 Top 10 markets of India’s export of fresh whole tilapias, 2018 (tonnes) (USD 1 000) (total: 326 tonnes) (total: USD 0.88 million)
Saudi Arabia 193 Saudi Arabia 635.72
Qatar 106 Qatar 209.66
Oman 24 Oman 21.18
Bahrain 2 Bahrain 8.66
United Arab Emirates 0.49 Austria 2.50 0.3% 0.5% 0.2% 1.0% 0.2% 0.1% Singapore 0.28 7.5% 0.1% United Arab Emirates 1.35 2.4%
Austria 0.11 Singapore 0.48 23.8% 32.5% Canada 0.08 59.2% Canada 0.22 72.2% United Kingdom 0.05 France 0.09
France 0.02 United Kingdom 0.04
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
97 India’s export of frozen tilapia fillets, 2017
India's export of frozen tilapia fillets to each market, 2017 Price of India’s export to Value India exported 83 tonnes frozen tilapia fillets to each market seven countries/territories in 2017 with the four largest markets (United Arab Emirates, India’s price Switzerland, Qatar and Germany) accounting Top 10 markets Volume Share of India's compared to for nearly 95 percent of the total export. Share in each (tonnes) USD 1 000 total export of this USD/kg the average market (%) India accounted for 80.59 percent of Qatar’s product (%) price in each import of frozen tilapia fillets in 2017, and its market (%) share in the frozen tilapia fillets markets in United Arab Emirates and Oman were, respectively, 23.85 percent and 31.48 percent. 1. United Arab Emirates 53 33.46 23.85 50 1.06 109.00
42 26.58 3.11 7 6.13 85.45 The average price of India’s frozen tilapia fillets 2. Switzerland (USD 1.91) was 57.28 percent of the world 3. Qatar 28 17.48 80.59 3 9.22 93.51 average. In two of the seven markets (United Arab Emirates and Germany), the price of 4. Germany 27 16.85 0.25 4 6.06 145.08 India’s frozen tilapia fillets was higher than the average market price. 5. Oman 7 4.48 31.48 18 0.39 73.50
The price of India’s frozen tilapia fillets in 6. United Kingdom 2 1.02 0.04 1 2.68 70.12 United Arab Emirates (USD 1.06/kg) and Oman (USD 0.39/kg) appears unusually low, 7. Finland 0 0.13 0.15 0 4.95 76.33 which warrants further investigation. World 158 100.00 0.02 83 1.91 57.28 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information.
98 Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen tilapia fillets, 2017
Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen tilapia fillets, 2017 Top 10 markets of India’s export of frozen tilapia fillets, 2017 (tonnes) (USD 1 000) (total: 83 tonnes) (total: USD 0.158 million)
United Arab Emirates 50 United Arab Emirates 53
Oman 18 Switzerland 42
Switzerland 7 Qatar 28
Germany 27 Germany 4 3.6% 4.5% 1.0% 0.1% 5.3% 0.7% 8.3% Oman 7 Qatar 3 16.9% 33.5%
21.9% 17.5% United Kingdom 1 60.1% United Kingdom 2 26.6%
Finland 0.04 Finland 0.20
Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information. Note: See Slide 61 for a detailed list of tilapia commodities.
99 India’s export of fresh tilapia fillets, 2016 and 2017
India's export of fresh tilapia fillets to each market, 2016 and 2017 Price of India’s export to each Value India exported 15 tonnes and 34 tonnes market of fresh tilapia fillets in 2016 and 2017, India’s price Top 10 markets Volume respectively. Most of the export went to Share of India's compared to Share in each (tonnes) Dominican Republic. USD 1 000 total export of this USD/kg the average market (%) product (%) price in each Other sporadic import markets of fresh market (%) tilapia fillets from India include Poland, Oman, France, Nepal and Australia. 2016 Dominican Republic 110 95.40 5.71 13 8.17 100.00 The exact match of the price of India’s Poland 4 3.46 1.24 0.94 4.26 87.22 fresh tilapia fillets export to Dominican Republic with the average price in the Oman 1 0.99 3.50 0.31 3.67 274.98 market (i.e. the 100 percent in the last France 0.17 0.15 0.04 0.01 15.36 169.24 column) reflects that the trade statistics World 115 100.00 0.05 15 7.83 111.45 for Dominican Republic presented here are UN Comtrade estimation. 2017 Dominican Republic 101 68.28 2.77 14 7.35 100.00 The exact match for Nepal was because India was the sole exporter to the Nepal 31 20.72 100.00 17 1.81 100.00 market. Australia 16 11.00 5.08 3 4.99 163.53
World 148 100.00 0.07 34 4.36 62.77 Data source: UN Comtrade; see Slide 60 for more information.
100