Vol.1 No.1 Juli 2021 35 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... MANAJEMENT OF BORDERLAND AREA Oleh Dokman Marulitua Situmorang1), Oktavia Marpaung2) & Albert Yansen3) 1Institut Teknologi dan Bisnis Kristen Bukit Pengaharapan, Jawa Tengah 2STIE Jayakarta, Jakarta 3STIE Bhakti Pembangunan, Jakarta Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Trade activities that occurred at the border between Bengkayang Regency and Sarawak, specifically in Siding and Jagoi Babang districts, were in fact able to encourage domestic production. This study aims to see which management is in line with related fields in Bengkang Regency, the champion of Bengkayang Regency in Indonesia with Sarikin in Sarawak, Malaysia, which until now still uses traditional Cross-border Post or still uses the old-fashioned concept. The research method is Library Research and Field Research. As for the population in this study are the Customs and Excise staff of Jagoi Babang, the Border Society of Jagoi Babang, the Trans- Border Post Guard Officer, the Jagoi Babang Entrepreneur. The border trade model is also run coordinated and integrated by BUMDes Together by synergizing the management of the potential for natural tourism, cultural tourism and culinary tourism and handicrafts (home industries) to be part of the goods offered. Keywords: Manajement, Borderland Area, library Reseach, Field Research INTRODUCTION The national border development strategy District name 2016 2017 2018 is formulated to make the border region a Sambas 5.24 5.13 5.10 gateway to neighboring countries through Bengkayang 5.15 5.66 5.37 welfare, security and environment approaches Sanggau 5.34 4.50 4.47 in harmony. For this reason, centers of Sintang 5.28 5.33 5.47 economic growth must be developed in directly Kapuas Hulu 5.28 5.39 5.23 adjacent districts. The social problems that exist Source: West Kalimantan BPS, 2020 in the border areas are as diverse as health, corruption, poverty, low nationalism, education The facts mentioned above reveal that and unemployment (Rissa. 2019). Bengkayang more needs to be done to optimize the potential Regency is a regency located in the north of utilization of border areas. Investment West Kalimantan Province. Administratively, opportunities are wide open to increase the the boundaries of Bengkayang Regency are as capacity of economic activities consumption, follows : production and distribution/trade. The border • • North: Sarawak-East Malaysia region has great potential to become a center of • • South: Pontianak Regency growth because: (1) The border area is the • • West: Natuna Sea and Singkawang entrance to foreign exchange flows into the City country; (2) Rapid trade occurring at the border • • East: Sanggau Regency and Landak will encourage the growth of domestic Regency production. Trade activities that occurred at the Table 1. Border Economic Growth in border between Bengkayang Regency and West Kalimantan Province (%) Sarawak, especially in Siding and Jagoi Babang ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... Juremi: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi 36 Vol.1 No.1 Juli 2021 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… districts, were found to be able to encourage the Kalimantan Province and will grow rapidly due growth of domestic production. Agricultural to the impact of neighboring and neighboring products such as cocoa, rubber, small industries Sarawak, Malaysia. (home industries such as splints, handicraft Although there seems to be a glimpse of woven chairs), medicines, clothing, food, progress from trade activities taking place at the beverages and accessories are traded to border, it is necessary to conduct a study of the Kuching border economy in Bengkayang Regency, as well as how studies can be carried out to provide optimal benefits for trade economic actors in particular and the community in Jagoi Babang District in general. Some of the problems on the border area in Indonesia is the limitations of infrastructure and limitations of access into various sector, most important in matter of development of Image 1. Border conditions Jagoi babang economy, education and health, The border areas in Indonesia is generally rural areas, Through the Malindo Social where this area has slower development growth Cooperation collaboration, it was agreed that than elsewhere because appropriate isolated. the opening of the gates, Entikong-Tebedu, The Indonesian government want to make the would be operated since February 25, 1991, borderland as the porch future of the country, which is the first official land/gate link in West that is as the most important main gateway for Kalimantan. goods and people although on the the country. Border areas often got unbalanced other hand also cause vulnerability including treatment by the government such as economic Illegal trading activities are trading activities development, infrastructure, and the facilities carried out without regard to the formal rules of health and education (Bima, 2018). that apply include 2 types : Border State border areas are 1. Small-scale illegal cross-border trade regency/city areas that are geographically and that does not heed cross-border crossing demographically directly adjacent to agreements or cross-border agreements. neighboring countries and/or the high seas. The 2. Large-scale illegal trade that does not border area consists of land and sea border heed the rules of export - import trade. areas, which are widely spread with diverse After the abolition of the maximum spending typologies, ranging from the interior to the limit of 600 ringgit (2012) turned out to have a small front / outermost islands (Bappenas, positive impact on people living in the border 2010: 63). According to (Rahmaniah, 2011) area of Jagoi Babang District. The economic border areas have their own uniqueness, in status of border communities has improved terms of geographical, social, and cultural since the 'liberation' of trade. Houses are getting aspects. So that the management of the border more and more good. Even the number of inns region requires a comprehensive policy, or inns began to increase, new traders also because it aims to create and increase economic appeared there. The people who came to sell and trade activities between the two countries their products in jagoi babang were not only and will have an impact on improving the from the district of bengkayang but from welfare of the local community and increasing pontianak, the landak district (Veneranda. state income through export and import 2019). It is estimated that Jagoi Babang Sub- activities. district will become a new city in West ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… Juremi: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Vol.1 No.1 Juli 2021 37 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... Sholihah (2016) states, the border a. Research library (library research) that region has a strategic value in the success of is by studying various literatures, opinions of national development and improvement of scholars, and legislation that are closely related socio-economic welfare of the surrounding to this research. community. At present, it is assumed that b. Field Research (Field Research) is people in the border region do not have optimal conducting research plunging directly into the abilities because they are still shackled in field with the intent of collecting data, poverty so that their level of welfare is low. The information, information needed and having National Border Area according to Law relevant to research problems. Number 26 Year 2007 regarding Spatial 2. Data collection techniques and tools Planning, is a strategic area that is seen from the a. Direct communication technique is to point of view of defense and security interests. make direct contact with data sources to obtain Border areas according to (Martinez, 1994) are accurate data through interviews with cross- categorized into four (4) types. First; aliniated border postal guards, Immigration officers, and borderland, in this category there is no cross- Customs and Excise who are considered to border activity as a result of the raging of wars, know and understand the problems to be idealogical hatred conflicts, religious hostility, examined. cultural differences and ethnic competition. b. Indirect communication techniques, Second; coexistent borderland, a border region namely data collection techniques carried out where cross-border conflict can be suppressed by means of indirect communication with data to a level that can be controlled, although sources. This communication is carried out problems still arise in relation to the ownership using a data collection tool in the form of a of strategic resources in the border region. research questionnaire distributed to Third; interdependent borderland is a type of respondents (cross border post guards, border region in which the two bordering areas immigration officers, and Customs and Excise show a picture of the stability of international ). relations between two or more bordering 3. Population and sample. countries. a. The population is the whole object of This study aims to see the extent of research, while the population in this study are border management, especially in the field of as follows: trade that is in the way of the champion of the a. Customs and Excise officials Jagoi Babang Regency of Bengkayang, Indonesia Babang with Sarikin in Sarawak, Malaysia, which until b. The Jagoi Babang Border Society now still uses the traditional Cross-border Post c. Cross Border Guard Officers or still uses the