URGENCY OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN PLURAL SOCIETY (CASE STUDY IN CITY)

Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha Marjito History Education Study Program IKIP PGRI Address in Ampera No 88, Pontianak [email protected] and [email protected]

Received on February 2, 2018, Approved on May 22 2018

Translator Parulian Simangunsong

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the general picture, cultural tradition, and the urgency of multicultural education in the school of Singkawang City. This research applies qualitative research method in form of stuck case study strategy. Sources of data applied are informants, places and events, documents, and literature. Data validity applied triangulation and data interactive analysis techniques. Based on the research, it is known that multicultural education in Singkawang City is important to give tolerance attitude in plural society life. One form of education is in the form of cultural ceremonies that are included as a subject in school. Keywords: education, multicultural, and plural.

A. PREFACE Singkawang City is one of 14 In this era of globalization, both of districts/cities in West economically and culturally, the study Province. Initially, Singkawang was a of the world’s population concerning village part of the Sambas Sultanate the characteristics and dynamics of the region as a haven for traders and gold population, types of socio-cultural miners from the Monterado area change, and the factors that are caused (Monterado is now a sub-district in is increasingly prevalent. The study , located east of turned out to involve various social Singkawang). Miners and traders sciences, including demographics, mostly come from China. Before going economics, sociology, geography, to Monterado, first, they rest in psychology, politics and so on (Widiarto Singkawang. Similarly, the gold miners and Suwarso, 2007: 62-63). One of the at Monterado often rested in objects of this study is the plural Singkawang to release their fatigue. community in Singkawang City. Singkawang is also a transit point for Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 there are many temples which are places generations and still persists until now. of Chinese ethnic worship. The city is Most of these industries are in the also nicknamed “the city of a thousand Sakkok area of Sedau Sub-District, temples” because there are many South Singkawang District. The results temples which are places of Chinese of Singkawang ceramics are traded to ethnic worship. The existence of the domestic market and some even temples in the homeland and including extend to foreign countries. Ceramics in the city of Singkawang since made by Sakok are very interesting and hundreds of years ago, since the artistic in the style of the Ming Dynasty. Chinese people migrated to His trademark lies in the design of during the late Tang Dynasty. After Singkawang which is often used by settling down, they introduced the tourists who come to Singkawang. culture, including religious missions by Except for Chinese, other ethnic establishing a place of worship called groups such as ethnic Dayaks also often the temple (Yoest, 2008: 9). Temples in hold events Naik Dango ceremony if the life of the Chinese community serve they are has finished harvesting rice. as religious and social places. Every There is also the ceremony of Saprahan Chinese settlement is always equipped on Melayus ethnicity as a form of with temples (Rahmayani, 2014: 119). gratitude to God for the blessings that Temples are often referred to as have been given. monasteries. In Singkawang kelenteng The description above shows that or the famous monastery is the Tri study of plural society which is Dharma Bumi Raya Temple, Vihara important in the city of Singkawang to Dewi Kwan Im, Vihara of the Heaven do. Besides this study important due to of Hell. In addition to places of worship, the entry of The Western values are ethnic Chinese in Singkawang also hold entering through the flow of traditional Chinese ceremonies, Cap Go globalization among the people Meh, and Sembahyang Kubur. This Indonesia is a threat to an indigenous tradition is closely related to Confucius’ culture that portrays the type locality of teachings which are held firmly by the regions in this country. overseas ethnic Chinese. This teaching Conventional cultures that place tepo was still carried and applied in new seliro, tolerance, hospitality, respect for Chinese ethnic settlements to preserve the older is also eroded by free the culture and beliefs that originated association and the individualistic from their ancestral lands. attitude brought about by the flow of Chinese ethnicity also makes the globalization. In such situations, ceramics which are still made mistakes in responding to globalization traditional, which is using dragon can result in the disappearance of local furnaces. The ceramics industry in culture. The mistake in formulating Singkawang has been managed for strategies to maintain the existence of Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) local culture can also lead to the symptoms according to what they are increasingly abandoned local culture of at the time the research was conducted. a society which is now increasingly In the activity, various data will be infatuated with the culture carried by explored relating to the urgency of globalization (Alma, 2010: 143). Based multicultural education in plural on the description above, this paper societies in Singkawang City, West discusses the following problems 1) Kalimantan. The data source used in how about the general description about this study called as (1) informant. Singkawang? , 2) how about the Informants included Chinese, Malay, cultural traditions in Singkawang? , 3) and other community. leaders as well how about the urgency of multicultural as cultural practitioners in Singkawang education in Singkawang City schools? City; (2) place of conducting research This research was conducted in in Singkawang City; (3) documents in Singkawang City, . the form of newspaper documents, This city has a pluralistic life that needs photographs and others; and (4) to be preserved. The study began from literature studies to complement theory September to December 2017. This and discussion. Data collection study uses a type of qualitative research, techniques used to, namely (1) direct the data collected is mainly in the form observation that is passive participation of words, sentences or images that have in the form of observation of research a more meaningful meaning and are objects; (2) in-depth interviews; (3) able to spur a more real understanding review documents; and (4) analysis of than just a number or frequency literature. The validity of the data presentation (Sutopo, 2006: 40). On the developed is the source triangulation basis of the form of the research, this technique and the method triangulation. research was conducted in three stages, Triangulation of data (source) is an namely the orientation stage, the option because it can take advantage of exploration phase, and the member different types of data sources, while check stage. triangulation of methods is done to The used of strategy is a single further solidify the results of data fixed case study because it focuses on collection and then the results are used cases, namely the urgency of to draw data conclusions that are more multicultural education in plural valid (Sutopo, 2006: 91-96). societies in Singkawang City. In addition to these reasons, the researcher B. RESULT AND DISCUSSION limits the formulation of the problem 1. General Description of The before going to the field. Descriptive Singkawang City study is research that is intended to Singkawang City is on the coast West gather information about the status of Kalimantan Island, precisely at West existing symptoms, namely the state of Kalimantan Province. This area is Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 unique, both in terms of geography and one of Chinatown in Indonesia because socio-culture. This region is located on the majority of the population is Hakka the coast of the sea and has a (around 42%) or Chinese. Furthermore, background of several mountains, Singkawang is inhabited by , including Mount Poteng, Mount Pasi, Dayaks, Javanese, Madurese, and other Gunung Raya, and Mount Sakok. This migrants. The populations are geographical condition underlies the increasing every year with a population naming of Singkawang by the Chinese growth rate in 2006 of 5.6%. This is community, which is derived from the because Singkawang has become a word San Kew Jong which literally trading city in terms of production and means the Mountain of the Mouth of distribution so it attracts the other the Sea. While for the Malay people residents to live in Singkawang. And in who are part of the settlers in 2010, it was recorded that the Singkawang say Singkawang comes population of Singkawang had reached from the word Tengkawang which is a 186,462 peoples (Population Census type of fruit that is widely grown in the Report of the Central Statistics Agency, area. The naming would be related to 2010). the tengkawang trade in the Dutch East Chinese society included Hakka Indies era which was one of the people who settled in have strong ties profitable commodities (Rahmayani, to their religious life also includes the 2010: 13). concept of cosmology. Chinese people In this time, Singkawang City has trust is generally influenced by their an administrative area of 504 km², traditional teachings namely Taoism, divided into 5 (five) sub-districts Buddhism, and Confucianism. After covering 26 sub-districts. The being forced to be in “uniformity” by geographically located between 108 ° the New Order government, 52´ 14,19" to 109 ° 09´ 44.22 “East Confucianism began to return Longitude and 00 ° 44´ 57.57” until 01 developed in the Singkawang region ° 00´ 48.65" North Latitude. In the north and its surroundings in the post- area is bordering with Selakau Sub- reformation period. district of , in the south This teaching emphasizes the area is bordering with Sungai Raya sub- concepts of life ren and li. Ren (virtue) district of Bengkayang Regency, Natuna means to love others, while li is defined Sea in the west and in the East is as manners or customs. The teaching Samalantan sub-district of Bengkayang means to control yourself and follow Regency (https://id.m.wikipedia.org / customs. Temples (monastery, wiki / Kota_Singkawang, accessed on toapekong) begin to emerge and act October 13, 2017). openly (Taniputera, 2008: 104). Based on demographic conditions, In addition, there are also Taoist Singkawang City can be categorized as teachings that influence the behaviour Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) of the Chinese community. The New Year and Cap Go Meh celebrations teachings spread by Lao Tze emphasize that showcase various arts, cultural and a reasonable philosophy of life such as religious attractions are one of the natural movements (Tohardi, 2003: 61). Chinese images that are being This concept was brought by the developed. This can be seen from the Chinese who migrated to Singkawang excitement of the celebration in several to adjust to their new environment areas in West Kalimantan such as in the including how they built settlements in City of Singkawang. These activities are their new place. There is also the traditional values that are preserved concept of samsara in the world to get and have become permanent activities pleasure in nirvana is another concept every year in Singkawang City. brought by Buddhist (Buddhism). The Ethnic Chinese who become the simplicity of the Chinese when trying majority population in the Singkawang to achieve something they want is one city is used to running the post-reform example of how this teaching is Cap Go Meh tradition 1998. Chinese embedded in the daily lives of Chinese ethnic who celebrate the tradition are people (Rahmayani, 2010: 33). From immigrants and residents of the various teachings, the Chinese Singkawang City and its surroundings. carried out the , Cap Most of them are Hakka (Khek people) Go Meh, and Sembahyang Kubur. and few are Teochiu (Rahmayani, 2010: 26). The Hakka ethnics who are known 2. Cultural Tradition in to hold firm to the traditions of their Singkawang City ancestors have made Singkawang’s The presence of the Chinese community name sticking out globally after holding in Singkawang brings several cultural the Cap Go Meh festival whose traditions that are still being carried out, uniqueness is not found anywhere in the including the Cap Go Meh celebration world. This is because the Cap Go Meh and the tradition of making ceramics. festival in Singkawang City is The Presidential Instruction (Inpres) representation the combination of ritual, was abolished Number 14 of 1967 by culture, and art from the ethnic Chinese the government of President which is acculturated with ethnic Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur), all Dayaks and ethnic Malays. Chinese-nuanced activities began to The beliefs and cultural traditions bloom. The form of this activity in the of Cap Go Meh continue and develop form of art attractions, religious from generation to generation, both on activities to various culinary shows was the plains of China and overseas performed in Singkawang. throughout the world including in After ‘reformation’, the Indonesia in general and the City of community Chinese gets the freedom Singkawang in West Kalimantan in to do all their activities quietly. Chinese particular. The unique excitement of Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 Cap Go Meh in Singkawang City is in use jars as a place to store palm wine (a Tatung attractions. Tatung’s urban typical Dayak drink), equipment for attractions are carried out with the religious rituals, save the bones of their aim of driving away evil spirits that ancestors and as a gift marriage. In disrupt the Cap Go Meh celebration addition, Singkawang ceramics are also (Usman, 2008: 82). Expulsion of used to boil Chinese medicine, as well demons and the elimination of bad luck as placenta (placenta) buried after a in Cap Go Meh are symbolized in child is born (Rahmayani, 2009: 35-38). Tatung’s performance. Tatung is the In the manufacturing process, main media for Cap Go Meh which is ceramic companies employ workers filled with mysticism and tension from various ethnic groups around because many people are possessed and Sakkok. Madurese workers are usually these people are called Tatung. This employed in fuel supplies, namely culture can be called a custom which rubberwood. The formation of usually functions as behaviour that ceramics, cutting and processing regulates, controls, and gives direction (treading) of kaolin was carried out by to human behaviour and actions in Chinese workers. Usually, these society (Koentjaraningrat, 1993: 5-6). workers have permanent jobs as Singkawang City is also famous in farmers. They are paid daily or weekly the ceramic industry. The ceramics (Rahmayani, 2009: 37-39). Ceramic industry in the Singkawang city has production has evolved through various been established since the Dutch innovations such as the use of new Colonial era is a ceramic company colours for the glaze and the use of Dynamic, Tajau Mas, and Sinar Terang. various chemicals to support colouring Dynamic ceramic companies located in (Soedarto, 1994: 39). The combustion Sakkok, precisely on Jalan Raya Sedau, process also experiences development were founded by Bong Fo Ong who had by reason of practicality, the use of previously become a ceramics electric furnaces in combustion makes craftsman in the function of the dragon furnace (Soedarto, 1994: 21). Ceramic burning diminish. Electric stoves are considered is done with a dragon furnace that is to save more time and burning can be about 30 meters long. Ceramics made done automatically (Rahmayani, 2009: in the beginning were products to meet 47-48). people’s daily needs such as bowls, plates, jars, and jars. The habit of 3. The Urgency of Multicultural Chinese people in preserving food Education in Singkawang City makes these products in great demand. Schools Not only the Chinese community, the The tradition of Cap Go Meh and the community Malay and Dayak even use ceramics industry in Singkawang City it in their daily needs. The is a local superiority. Local superiority Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) is everything that is a regional occurred in Singkawang City has characteristic that covers aspects of occurred in the Dutch colonial era when economics, culture, information Chinese people from Monterado tried technology, communication, and to attack the position of the Sambas ecology. Other sources say that local Sultanate which was dominated by excellence is produced, art creations, ethnic Malays in the mid-19th century traditions, culture, services, natural AD With Dutch help, this conflict could resources, human resources, and others be muted in 1854 (Andri, et al., 2008: that are the hallmarks of a region. Local 102). Since this incident, the advantages is also a process and relationship between the ethnic Malays realization of increasing the value of a and the ethnic Chinese is no longer just regional potential so it becomes a an economic relationship but also service product or other work of high politics because ethnic Chinese want to value, unique, and has a comparative play a role through the formation of advantage (Dedidwitagama in Asmani, autonomous regions, although de jure 2012: 53-54). is still within the scope of the Sambas Based on the explanation about the Sultanate. Chinese have also potential of the cultural traditions that established relations with ethnic exist in Singkawang City, the Dayaks. The Chinese community is one celebration of Cap Go Meh tradition is of the groups of cultural actors who are held in every February or March and relatively scattered in almost every area the ceramics industry which still uses of West Kalimantan, both in urban and dragon stoves in the manufacturing rural or inland areas. In fact, between process. This can be a social the Chinese community and the development for the people of surrounding community, especially the Singkawang City. Both of these Dayak, they have built strong social potentials can be used as learning relations, which are motivated by resources for students at the school. cultural equality, economic As it is known that the population interdependence, and marital relations of Singkawang City consists of various or amalgamation. After that came the ethnicities, it can be said that the term buddy, pointing to a close or population of Singkawang City is sibling understanding given by the plural. In plural societies, problems or Dayak people to the Chinese. conflicts often arise with various However, after one event excessive causes, such as differences in interests, demonstration of the violence carried politics, or personal. This is because out by the Dayak people against the wherever humans live, conflicts Chinese from the interior region or between individuals, groups, and better known as the Chinese Dayak nationalities must arise (Banks, 2012: demonstration in 1967. Currently, they 143). Historically, the conflict that are more concentrated in urban areas, Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 especially in Singkawang City and celebration by participating as Tatung Pontianak City. players. This event was related to the events Secondly, in the ceramics industry of the PGRS Paraku rebellion and the is limited to social relations for form of politicization of the community economic interests, such as the use of groups by the state, as a result of Madurese as workers in the ceramics changes in the domestic political industry in Singkawang City. This is constellation and the changing attitude done so that the entire community of of Indonesian foreign policy towards Singkawang City feels you have Malaysia at that time. It has nothing ceramics as their pride products even related with the process of socio- though they are made by other ethnic cultural interaction that occurred groups. between the two groups of society, in In addition, to strengthen social turn, it produced a form of relative relations between ethnic groups also change in the social structure and carried out cultural traditions activities, culture of the West Kalimantan such as: community at that time (Andri, et al., 1) Involving the community 2008: 45-46). The inter-tribal inequality organizations from various was not resolved by President ethnicities in Singkawang City, Soeharto’s administration at that time. among others, from the Malay This was demonstrated by cultural- Culture Customary Assembly based conflicts which soon emerged (MABM) and the Dayak after President Soeharto stepped down Customary Council (DAD), as (Agusta, 2014: 74). well as invitations, participants, the To harmonize social relations committee in the Cap Go Meh among residents of the plural celebration. Singkawang City, efforts were made, 2) Presenting creative dance among others, through the utilization of performances, namely Tidayu the potential of the cultural tradition of Dance (Chinese, Dayak, and Cap Go Meh and the ceramics industry Malay) as a symbol of unity and in Singkawang City. First, in the Cap tolerance for multiculturalism in Go Meh activity, there were other ethnic Singkawang City during the Cap groups involved, namely ethnic Malays, Go Meh celebration. in Cap Go Meh, among others, as a 3) Incorporate Cap Go Meh Barongsai player, a stretcher carrier celebrations and other ethnic ridden by Tatung, a musical instrument cultural traditions as local content carrier that accompanied Tatung in the curriculum as multicultural attractions. Likewise, ethnic Dayaks education in schools from also enlivened the Cap Go Meh elementary to secondary levels. Multicultural education in schools Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) aims to shape human culture and local communities in answering create cultured humans; teach various problems in meeting their noble values of humanity, national needs which cover all elements values, and values of ethnic of life including religion, outlook groups (Mahfud, 2016: 187). In its on life, science and technology, implementation, the development organization social, economic, of multicultural education must be language, and arts (Supriatna, based on principles: 1) Cultural 2017: 62). The Cap Go Meh diversity is the basis for tradition has universal values determining philosophy; 2) such as tolerance, religion, respect Cultural diversity is the basis for for diversity and others as part of developing various curriculum the values of multicultural components such as goals, content, education. Cultural values in processes, and evaluations; 3) multiculturalism contain elements Culture in the education unit is a of high nobility and must be learning resource and object of introduced and instilled in students study that must be part of student from an early age (Main, 2013: learning activities; and 4) The 165). Multicultural education must curriculum acts as a medium in be taught early so that children are developing regional culture and able to accept and understand national culture (Haningsih, 2005: cultural differences that have an 10). Multicultural education can be impact on differences in usage adopted for solutions to diversity (ways), folkways (habits), mores problems. Multicultural education (rules), and customs (customs). can build Indonesian nationalism Multicultural education will instil amid global challenges (Tukiran, a way of life that is respectful, 2014: 29-36). So that residents of sincere, and tolerant towards Singkawang City can become a cultural diversity that lives in the multicultural society that consists midst of a pluralistic society for different tribes, races, and (Supardi, 2014: 92). In plural religions but together it functions societies, values of togetherness, to build, foster culture as a national tolerance and civilization are culture (Ratna, 2016: 183). The needed. So it is creating harmony Cap Go Meh tradition can also in life. There are several learning function in maintaining the values strategies, among them are social of local wisdom. According to inquiry learning strategies. This Koentjaraningrat (1990), local strategy is the development of the wisdom is a view of life, science thoughts of Hilda Taba and and various life strategies in the Richard Suchman, who were form of activities carried out by further developed by Byron Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 Massialas and Benjamin Cox. critical if something goes against Social inquiry strategy is a strategy humanity, religion, and to develop students’ ability to multiculturalism values. investigate and reflect the nature The Cap Go Meh tradition of social life especially as a live as the development of learning practice in the community. This resources in social studies learning inquiry learning departs from a is very suitable when using inquiry belief that in order to develop learning in the learning process students’ abilities independently, based on multiculturalism the investigation of social education. The inquiry learning problems is very much needed as strategy in its implementation is the active participation of citizens/ divided into six stages, namely: 1) citizens. In this case, the school has the orientation stage, by setting the an active role in improving society subject of social problems that are as a “creative reconstruction” of not too broad; 2) hypothesis stage, sociocultural. Schools are not only formulating a hypothesis that can obliged to maintain values in be used as a reference for inquiry; society but also must provide an 3) the definition stage, describes activity to students to be critical in the terms in the hypothesis; 4) the facing social problems that arise exploration phase, testing (Supardan, 2015: 203-204). This is hypotheses with deduction logic, in the same line with critical namely connecting hypotheses pedagogics which emphasizes with their implications and criticality in facing educational assumptions; 5) the proof stage, problems. Through learning prove the hypothesis with the facts inquiry, social problems in in the community; and 6) Singkawang City, especially generalization stage, states that intolerance problems, can be problem solving can be used minimized. Disharmonic inter (Supardan, 2015: 204). individuals and groups that are From the six stages above, if usually caused by prejudice you want to investigate how the (looking at a group in general, Cap Go Meh tradition as whereas in that group there are developing learning resources in actually in variations), stereotypes social studies learning can be a (the type of assessment of traits as solution to social problems in a characteristic groups), and Singkawang City can use inquiry discrimination (unfair treatment of learning strategies. From the first certain people or groups) can be stage, namely the problem of eliminated (Nuriyanto, 2014: 21). intolerance in the life of the people Students are taught to be active and of Singkawang City, the hypothesis Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) of learning the Cap Go Meh tradition, the organizers and tradition was proposed as the supporters of the event, even with development of learning resources the Cap Go Meh audience. With in social studies based on this strategy, students can directly multicultural education, then communicate with the community students took to the field to involved both directly and conduct investigations by indirectly in the tradition of Cap interacting with people or sources Go Meh, observing Cap Go Meh or doing observation when activities, and others. Utilization of implementing the Cap Go Meh local traditions as local content in tradition in Singkawang City. After social studies learning is in line the facts can be proven in the field, with the social environment in students can state problem-solving which students are located so as to that can be used. produce output that is relevant to In its implementation, inquiry the learner’s own needs (students) learning strategies have the in relation to the community, and advantage of being through the needs of the community in research/investigations directly relation to students (Sanusi, 2016: carried out by students to train 73). Through the learning above, students to conduct scientific the goal of education as a tool that research. Besides, those students can preserve culture will be will have enthusiasm because they achieved as an actualization of really feel like the subject of national cultural values. education so that it is more likely 4. Providing opportunities for the they feel proud of the results of creation of ceramic products with their research. The main emphasis motifs originating from ethnic in the learning process is based Malays and Dayaks as an inquiry lies in the ability of alternative form of ceramic motifs students to understand, then that have been in the form of identify carefully and thoroughly, dragon motifs. For example, it can then end by giving answers or display the motif of the serving of solutions to the problems the Malay and hornbill motifs from presented (Anam, 2017: 8). But the Dayak ethnic group. this strategy has weaknesses such 5. Bringing the elementary and middle as the relatively long school students (methods of implementation time (Supardan, tourism) to visit ceramics 2015: 204-205). In research/ manufacturing sites in Singkawang investigations in the field, students City aims to get to know the culture can interact with people or sources, produced by other ethnic groups so the perpetrators of the Cap Go Meh there is a sense of appreciation and Handep, Vol.1, No. 2, June 2018 tolerance among students. Through characteristics in an effort to tourism activities, teachers and strengthen nationalism because it students see, observe, infuse will enrich each other’s diversity; directly also realistically about d) tolerance is an effort to build the objects so it can instil moral trust between fellow members of values in students (Murtadlo and the community in peaceful joint Aqib, 2016: 99). The attitudes, problem solving, in various fields values, and morals that can be such as economics, politics and developed our knowledge and culture; e) tolerance of efforts to understanding of the values and strengthen social justice in the face morals that apply in society, such of rapid changes due to technology as religiosity, respect for and the economy due to the wave exemplary, achievement, the of globalization (Tilaar, 2012: 81- nature of social care, respect for 82). With this tolerance attitude, parents, tolerance, cooperation / students are expected to be able to mutual cooperation, and human understand, appreciate, and be able rights (Hasan, 1996: 116). The to work with other pluralistic visit of school students to the people (Supriatna, 2007: 134). ceramics manufacturing place can These things need to be pursued elevate the values in the form of in order to strengthen relationships recognition and respect, to social between Singkawang City differences (such as cultural, community and also can prevent religious, social, political, and the emergence of the cultural gap outlook on life) (Lubis, 2016: 212). because of the cultural gap in This method can lead to tolerance social change if there is a cultural as expressed by UNESCO (1998) aspect that lags behind other regarding the principles of cultural aspects related to the tolerance, namely a) tolerance as a cultural aspect (Ranjabar, 2017: process of understanding history 116 ). With good social and culture of each group, development, harmony can be ethnicity, religion, race, indigenous created with the goals of a environment, and language; b) pluralistic life. tolerance is an attitude to respect differences in characteristics C. CONCLUSION specifically contained in each Singkawang City is a pluralistic city in group, namely physical form, skin terms of its ethnic population. The city color, accent and speech, attitude which is mostly inhabited by ethnic and style of association, customs, Chinese has various cultural traditions ways of worship in each religion; that have the potential to be developed c) tolerance utilizes distinctive socially and economically. This city has Urgency of Multicultural (Karel Juniardi and Emusti Rivasintha) a strong tradition in the field of religion SOURCE LIST and culture. The evidenced by the Agusta, Ivanovich. 2014. Ketimpangan holding of celebrations, such as Chinese Wilayah dan Kebijakan New Year, Cap Go Meh, Sembahyang Penanggulangan di Indonesia: Kubur from the ethnic Chinese, Gawai Kajian Isu Strategis, Historis, dan Dayak, Naik Dango from ethnic Paradigmatis Sejak Pra Kolonial. Dayaks, and Saprahan from ethnic Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Malays. Furthermore, Singkawang City Indonesia. is also famous for its distinctive Alma, Buchari. 2010. Pembelajaran ceramics industry because it was burned Studi Sosial. Bandung: Penerbit in the traditional way with a tool called Alfabeta. the dragon stove. From the Cap, Go Anam, Khoirul. 2017. Pembelajaran Meh celebrations and the ceramics Berbasis Inkuiri: Metode dan industry can be potential for the socio- Aplikasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka economic development of the people in Pelajar Singkawang City. Through the celebrating of cultural traditions, it can Andri, W.P. et al. 2008. 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