AA-138 Tulip Hill
Architectural Survey File
This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse- chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation such as photographs and maps.
Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.
All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.
Last Updated: 06-11-2004 C-. C)'?.,0\3~)~0Ll A p. - '~ • - NATIONAL IIISTORIC LANDMARK TllEME: Architecture ST Ai F.. F 0 rm 10-300 UNITED STA l ES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (Rev. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Marylan STREET ANO NUMBER: about 2.5 mile west of Galesville on State Route 468 CITY OR TOWN: CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Galesville vicinity 4th STATE I COOE COUNTY· I CODE Maryland I 711 Anne Arundel I nrq 13- CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY ACCESSIBLE OWNERSHIP STATUS z (Check One) TO THE PUBLIC Yes: 0 District ~ Building 0 Public Public Acquisition: l8l Occupied 0 Restricted 0 Site 0 Structure s Private O In Proceu 0 Unoccupied 0 Both Being Considered Unrestricted 0 Object 0 0 0 Preservation wodc Cl No '" progress ~ F'RE;SENT USE (Checlc One or More lU Approprlere) . ~ - . 0 A11ricultural 0 Government 0 Park 0 Transportation 0 Comments 0 Commercial 0 Industrial s Private Residence 0 Other (Sp.city) 0 Educotionol 0 Military 0 Religious 0 Entertainment 0 Muaeum 0 Scientific "'z ~;A. OWNER OF PROPERTY 1uWNER's NAME: Mr. and Mrs. Lewis R. Andrews w STREET ANO NUMBER: w Tulip Hill CITY OR TOWN: STATE:: ":OOF Harwood Maryland 24 l$. LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, REGISTRY OF OEE:OS. ETC; Anne Arundel County Court House--Clerk of the Circuit Court ST.REE;T ANO NUMBER: P .0. Box 71 CITY OR TOWN: STATE COOE Annapolis Maryland 24 14· ~-~PR_~~~~TATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE: OF SURllEY: '"z -i Historic American Buildings Survey (9 photos) ll "Tl .. 0 DATE: OF SURVEY: bll:I Federal 0 State LJ County l J Local z ;o OE:POSITORY FOR SURllE:Y RECORDS: c z "O ct .,, of r <:;.I A ' c '"JJ .,, STAE:E:T ANO NUMBER: m Division of Prints and Photographs 0 z r CITY OR TOWN: STATIE: CODIE t-- -< - 0 Washington D.C. 11 ,. -i Ill Located at the edge of a high plateau, with the land falling rapidly away on three sides, Tulip Ifill is a five-part composition with a full stone basement under the entire structure. The central block, two full stories, with a high unfinished attic and double hipped roof, is 52 feet wide and 42 feet deep. The two brick end wings, built at right angles to the main axis, and measuring 20 by 24 feet, arc two stories of lower height than the main house. Both have gable roofs with a single chimney located in the center of their outer side walls. The two brick connecting hyphens or curtains, each 19 by 19 feet, are of one-story, with very low attic space and are covered with gable roofs which have small dormers. The walls are decorated with brick pilasters which extend to the height of the windows where they visually support a brick stringcourse. · The roof of the central unit is dormered on the rear or river elevation and on the ends. The brick walls of the main house are laid in Flemish bond and the walls of the wings and hyphens are laid in a running bond. The central unit has a molded brick water table and a belt course at the m second floor level. Over this unit rise two high, arched and vaulted m chimneys, somewhat reminiscent of the more massive stacks at Stratford, Virginia (1725-30). The north or land facade of Tulip Hill is particularly interesting because of its somewhat experimental approach to late-Georgian z formality. There is a central pediment but no projecting pavilion beneath it. A round window with unusual flanking decorative panels adorns the -t pediment, and the main cornice is modillioned in front only. The center ::0 door is topped by a rectangular transom, sheltered by a one-story portico c that was probably added about 1787-90. The pediment of the porch, supported by four columns, contains a carved figure of Cupid. The brick n wall between the end pilasters of the portico is plastered and painted. -f Over the rear center door is an interesting cantilevered hood carried on boldly projecting carved consoles, plastered inside its arched head and 0 adorned by curious crockets on its raking cornices. It has a carved con z ventionali:ed tulip as its finial. This recalls, in a more elaborate form, the plainer town pents used over many doorways in Philadelphia. Windows on both floors of the central block have nine over nine light sashes, but those on the second floor are reduced in height. In plan, a broad, unpanelcd, off-center front hall is lighted from the window to the right of the front (north) door. The fully paneled stair hall at the rear is narrower and on axis. In this rear hall is an exceptionally fine carved walnut staircase, with scrolled step ends and handrail, winding around an offset newel post at the bottom. Paneling on the wall echoes the contour of its gracefully curved banister and fluted end posts. A visual separation between front and rear hall is achieved by an unusual double arch without a supporting post in the middle. The free hanging impost of the arches is adorned by a tulip ornament and hanging candle light, not unlike the carved pendant in a similar position at Gunston llall, Virginia, designed by William Buckland at this same time. To the right of the stair is a very fine corner cupboard with a large carved shell ornament. To the right of the front hall is a small unpaneled reception room and in the rear, also to the right of the stair hall, is a larger unpaneled dining room. These two rooms are connected by a small ----·- ·---·----·------~'.c~.uu""..L+-1i..L""w.&.''~;.i.·.i-,•),______. Form 10-300a UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE IN TERI OR ST A TE (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Maryland NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES COUNTY J\nne Arundel .. INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM .(NA~ ,. FOR NPS USE ONLY 1----EN_T_R_Y_N--U--M-n- l: n -- . l~--u-A-T L---i L-.: .. : :•.. J (Continuation Sheet) I (Number •II entr/ee) 7. Descripton: (1) Tulip Hill passage from which, against the interior chimney, ~rises an extremely narrow service stair, as at Stenton. Tulip llill and Stenton seem to be the only houses of their time and dimensions in which this feature is found. Galloway spent much tjme in Philadelphia with his relatives, the Chews of Cliveden, and friends, the Logans of Stenton. On the left side of the center hall arc two large and fully paneled drawing rooms, each about 20 by 17 feet in size. The first floor plan is repeated on the second floor, except than an additional room, a small chamber, is located at the end of the hall. The two large bedrooms on the east side of the hall are fully paneled. The fireplaces of the central block are faced either with Dutch tile or marble and are framed with wood paneling. The windows have de0p paneled jambs and soffits, with architraves to the floor. The jambs arc splJy~J ~nd there are deep window seats. The doors, paneling, floorboards, and stai• treads are of pine. Most of the hardware is original. The west (right) wing contained the kitchen and service rooms and the east wing the plantation office. Before construction of the wings, kitchen and other service areas were located in outbuildings as confirmed in Galloway's papers. Today only the foundations of an old ice house, which is partly supporting a garage, exist today. The house was little altered during the 19th century and has never undergone extensive restoration. The boundary of Tulip Hill has been drawn to include all of the remaining land, about 54-1/2 acres, This includes both the original river approach from the house and terraced gardens to the West River and the original land approach through a gateway on the old Muddy Creek Road, now State Route 468, part of a system of roads established around 1695 as Annapolis developed. The curving drive still winds through many original poplar, fir, and beechwood trees to the house. The property is bounded on the west by State Route 468, beginning at the northwest corner end gatepost on State Route 468 and proceeding east approximately 3765 feet along the property line of the adjoing farm to a locust post on the north side of Browns Creek; thence following the line of Brom1s Creek in a south westerly direction approxi111;1tely l GPO i21-724 f'l. SIGNIFICANCE···------; PERIOD (Check One or More ... Approprltttc) 0 Pre-Columb1on' [ J 16th Century ~ 18th Cenlur y [ I 20th Cenlury 0 1 Sth Cenrury [_] 17th Century [ J 19th Cenlury -- ---·---·------· ------·------! 1 SPECIFIC DA T E. SI f II _A l_'P_l_ic_H_bl_~_"_n_d_K_n_0_w_n!_____ l 7 5 5 - 56 J ) 7 8 7 - 9 Q AREAS OF SIGNIFICANCE (Check One or More as Approprtalt,•) Abor i9inol [] Education [j Pol1ticol ~ ! Urban Plonn111q 0 Pre historic [j Engineering LJ Religion.'Ph1. I - f Other (Specify/ Cl Historic l"J Industry losophy 0 Agriculture [_] Invention II Science ~ Architecture Ll Landscape u Sculprure 0 Arr Architecture [.J Soc1al/Humon- literature 0 Commerce 0 itarian 0 Communications [ l Military IJ Theater 0 Conser¥ation l_ l Music 1-1 Transportot1on STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The central block of Tulip Hill, located in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, approximately ~.5 miles west of Galesville on State Route 468, is a J finely designed and little altered example of an early Southern Georgian brick plantation house. Erected in 1755-56, its basic plan and design z are typical of the great Georgian ma11sions of mid-century, but its 0 experimental approach to late Georgian formality in certain decorative features gives it distinctive character which adds interest to its detail...... With the wings and hyphens added between 1787-90, Tulip Hill is also a u very distinguished example of a five-part composition country house. :::> Sitting on a rise of land, the impressive approach to the house from the river by a tree lined lane through the meadows and into the terraced 0:: garden exists today as it did over 200 years ago, maintaining the ..... original site and environment. This offers today's visitor much the same impression as it did in the eighteenth century. z History w Samuel Galloway, Quaker merchant-planter, purchased the old Talbot patent L:J of "''Poplar Knowle," 260 acres with water frontage on West River and Browns Creek, in 1755. He renamed the property "Tulip Hill," retaining in this new name the distinctive feature of the grove of grand tulip poplar trees, many still standing with ages up to 300 years. Letters reveal that the central block was well underway in 1755-56, under the direction of John Deavour. The architect is unknown, but the interior floor plan of the house bears a close relationship to Stenton, at Germantown, Pennsylvania, built by Galloway's Quaker friend, James Logan. The interior of Tulip llill has been attributed to the young carver, William Buckland, on the basis of motif and a reference in a document that Gallowoy borrowed a carver from Gunston lloll, where Buckland is knownto have been working at the time, but no firm evidence has been found to fully substantiate this theory. In 1787-90 John Galloway, Samuel's son, enlarged Tulip Hill into its final and present five-part form by adding two end wings, two connecting curtains, and also the present portico on the north (land) front of the central block. lbe plantation house remained in the possession of the Galloway family until 1886. After passing through several ownerships, the mansion was rehabilitated and continues today as a private residence. . , ,...... t· j , •:\ r1 -1 ) \ ------f 9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES Beirne, Rosamond R., and Scarff, John 11. , William Buckland, Architect of Virginia and Maryland, Baltimore, 1958, pp. 27, 77, 78, Uti-35. Kelly, J. Rainey, "Tulip Iii 11, Its History and Its People," Maryland Historical l\l:lga:inc, December 1%5, pp. 349-1103. Lcisening, L. l\lorris, "Tulip Iii 11, Anne Arundel County, P..fary land Historical Magazine, September 1952, pp. 188-208. Morrison, llugh, Earlz:: American J\rchitecture, New York, 1952, pp. 385-8(). Waterman, Thomas, The Owcllin~s of Colonial America, Chapel llill, 1950, pp. 95, 109. - 110. GEOGRAPHICAL DATA ------···-·---- ·------· ,. LATITU:JE ANO l(")NC..ITUOE. COORDINATES L 4 Tl TUflF 4NC LC""'GI r·1ot- ':OOADINA------·- TtS DEFINING Thi.- t_t:..1 .. POIN 1 OF A. ;•,-itJl-'ERTY DEFINING A A EC TANGLE LOCATING THE PRQ 0 E"~TY 0 r:_~ Ri--- _OF_ LESS THA.N .!.f_?' __ ~R~~5 ------·- CORN EH UTM - LATITUDC:: LONl.91 TUDE 18.364910 .43016S-O ' Degrees Minutes Seconds Degrees Minutes Seconds NW . 0 . 0 . 18.366060 .4301090 NE . 18.365860 SE .4300700 . 18,3649()') SW .4301.J./O . I APPROXIMATC: ACREACOE OF NOMINAT!o.u PROPERTY: ------~5.4..-5__ !LIST ALL STATES AND COUNTIES FOR PROPERTIES OVERLAPPING STATE OR COUNTY BOUND ARI E5 "' STATE: CODE COUNTY CODE m m STA TE: CODE COUNTY: CODE - STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE z VI STATE: CODE COUNTY: CODE -t .. ::0 ~l. FORM PREPARED BY c: NAME ANO TITLE: Patricia Heintzelman, Architectural Historian, Landmarks Review n _._..;,.,.;n,,1 ~ "--.!ri. ... +. h., rh- 1 -- IAT -, , 1 ,,. .... , - s. . - , ORGANIZATION "' . - - raAol. -t Historic Sites Survev. Natinn:11 Park SP-rvi ""' 7/7.n/"7A. - STREET AND NUMBER: 0 1100 L Street llli_ z CITY OR TOWN: STATE CODE Washinrrton n r 1 1 "' 112. STATE LIAISON OFFICER CERTIFICA.1 ION NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION As the designated State Liaison Officer for the Na· I hereby certify that this property is included in the tional Historic Preservation Act of 1Qo6 (Public Law 89-665). I h.•reby nominal<' this property for inclusion Nstional Register in the National Register and certify that it has been ~\!~ .. \'~': i.. ''j .. T : ,.valuatl'J accordu\11, to the <"iteria and procerures set L~\tl~'.~~.'. I Lcllcl::-:c::-k forth by the National Park Sen11ce. The recommended 11 '1 /);f·; Director, Oltice ot Archeolot1y llnd lfij,.;)e:1'orioatfllilf>n .. .. I .... level of significance of this nom•nallon is: I (i Title p 'IJ:;: -Jc;;y I\'< --1; n::~•PntG ~.J.·"' ..... iC~ (NA'l'Il'NAT K ...,,,_,, nl Th., N11t1cw~•'lf.m~~~-t;;-;, LAN!.)1.11\.l\r;.S l ··-...... ~? 0 .. 1.. Date f:'ir-·•-- ('\\J"T) t\1tc Gl'O Vll·d94 f\_\7X I~ ,) \...J Form 10-3000 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STATE (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES I COUNTY INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM 1 l\lllu; _Arundel ,(NJ,-:· , '· : _FO_R_N P~_u_s_E 9~ L_Y______.. ENTRY NU"'4BER DA TE Ll1i1 I,:-::~ ... ' (Continuntion Sheet) IJY"l!'berr.uescrl.p1-l.Oll. •" .•nl[I••) (2) ,. ------~ ~ r- :! ~e ti re ~ ~ I" -;Vt ".. r ..,. ~ r"fl -z: "x "" 0 ;:l 0,.. El:; :_;i t ')\. ~ p ... .. , .. ,... ·~ L. tj •I ~ - •I "1 > r ~ ; .. r ~,~::-1 ...9 z ,...Q > e '- 1. ~II'~~~~,.o" [ . ~,'(l~::;,,~ ,,.,. - i o~~oc Z E"Z,.. o I , ~ -I I € • ' & _J e c ;1 'fl TIJUJ'l 11.AM.P "1 ,.. ~ ... ii~ -:"! ;: %~-"" > ;> ,., ---- .. ... ,.. - ~ I)Ow'U 1 .. FT. . :i:~ n~ ;r-~" --'°"41..K~1- ~ ~ ;j..,...,_~ <•~In t-"' ~ a_;;_.J\,, ,,, ~ r~ •·· I' ~,. 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Wllotesta·~ ··:!;, ~ ~: ~· • ?>· -4 /..j.". .: •• ;;:-r' :.\S. t ",,) ·- --. ,r I ~ Plf \ ~ ;. _.=.1· f'h· lk - L._· ••• ·~ ! ; ":·: ·:.:· .' . / .. /1 I . f \. "' ' •• , ·: ]; t :; ;\ : ·: .Fl'.. ,:_,-. I . • /' I I ~~ ,...·•. ·._om~ ·~1- _j~ ,. •• .. ~-• ·.::(-1.";;' ~"'· . c__ 7 . \" -~\ 7· , I ·" ...._: -~~c-1' ....-_.. :; -_, ·:·'. ••• ••• · ·.~·I' ·· :e 'f ...:.1"'' t • .,, 1 ·t '· ; " l. STA TE i1ldr)' I and HISTORIC AMERICAN ElUILDI NGS SURVEY INVENTORY AA couNTY .'.\nne Arunde I County - 13~ TOWN VICINITY ...,_ ,_ 7 '- ' ' " · .j,~ f ~+ .,,,.__.,, I 2 STREET NO. 1•.A;_,_,,Cj'! \._..'.CC-itfttt)oel •tone j · NAME Tu I i p Hi I I ! 10. (.. "'"/'t r'.' .. ~ -L I·> DATE oR PER10D 17 So ORIGINAL owNE R ::>a .. ;uc I Ga I I oway 111 STY LE ORIGINAL usE Owe 11 i ng Georr-:l i un ARCHITECT PRESENT owNER Mr. ff Mrs. Lewis R. au1LD ER PRESENT usE Owe I Ii nq Andrews L~------WALL coNSTRucT10N Brick 3. FOR LIBRARY OF CONGRESS USE NO. oF sToR1Es Two 4. NOTABLE FEATURES, HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND DESCRIPTION OPEN TO PUBLIC w N 1iQ ;;; w "Tulip lli I I" is a mansion of the Georgian style erected in 1756 ~ .,,< by Sa111ue I Gu I I oway I I I • The fldmc for this five-part brick house u. d\!r ves ;,Jrove ar tret::s thut enhance 0 i Fro••l the of I arge tu Ii p pop I I- the 1>roperty. The tu I i p design motif occurs frequent I y in the ILi w orndmcntation of the house. Galloway was a highly successful .,,:i: z merchant, trader and p I onter; an ~ 6. LOCATION MAP (Pion Optio,,al) 7. PHOTOGRAPH 3. PUBLISHED SOURCES (Author, Title, Pages) 9. NAME, ADDRESS ANO TITLE OF RECORDER INTERVIEWS, RECORDS, PHOTOS, ETC...... ~-- Orlando Ridout IV Maryland His!Drical Trust D,ICTE OF RECORC March 1968 L·_ .. ~:.· • AA - 138 Tu I ip Hi 11 · ~A nne Arundel County MAR 68 r ·'-1" T~ fl;'// ..-J rllf 138 service winys date from about 1800. The interior trio, grand staircase, and molde~ plast~r panelled wdlls are notable. ! The house, gc-1rdens, and qrounds have been curcfu 11 y I restored. I ! 1 Item 8. Published Sources, etc. Historic American Bui !ding Survey Kelly, J. Reaney I Quakers in the Foundins of Anne Arundel County, ~·h!rY I and Maryland Historical Sodiety, Baltimore, I 9 6 3, page 97 ~'--:~•-c._-._,__ ,____ : -~ ------ ' MAii 68 j I ; a 4 ··- 1'u.JU../4 ~ It }38 - 18 AA-138' ' MAii 68 ' • MAR • 68 \ '\,, ' • MAR • 68 ,. J /-1, 'J ,:_;.1 t 0 M /3fJ '