El Grupo Africano En La Asamblea General De Las Naciones Unidas

El Grupo Africano en la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, 2015 Compilación de discursos en el Debate General EL GRUPO AFRICANO EN LA ASAMBLEA GENERAL DE LAS NACIONES UNIDAS

COMPILACIÓN DE DISCURSOS EN EL DEBATE GENERAL

Septiembre Octubre 2015

Edición: Gonzalo Casais

CONSEJO ARGENTINO PARA LAS RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES Uruguay 1037, piso 1º, C1016ACA Buenos Aires, República Argentina Teléfono: (005411) 4811-0071 al 74 Fax: (005411) 4815-4742 Correo electrónico: [email protected] Sitio Web: www.cari.org.ar

ÍNDICE

Angola, 1 Argelia, 7 Benín, 13 Botsuana, 21 Burkina Faso, . ..31 Burundi, .36 Cabo Verde, . 45 Chad, .. .50 Comoras, .56 Congo, 63 Costa de Marfil, .69 Egipto, 77 Eritrea, .83 Etiopía, 86 Gabón, 91 Gambia, 100 Ghana, .. .108 Guinea, 116 Guinea Bissau, 121 Guinea Ecuatorial, 126 Kenia, 131 Lesoto, ...... 139 Liberia, .146 Libia, 150 Madagascar, 156 Malaui, 164 Malí, .169 Marruecos, 179 Mauricio, .... .185 Mauritania .195 Mozambique, ...196 Namibia, .204 Níger, .212 Nigeria, .222 República Centroafricana, fr 228 República Democrática del Congo, francés 236 Ruanda 243 Santo Tomé y Príncipe, i 246 Senegal, 253 Seychelles, .257 Sierra Leona, ..262 Somalia, 269 Suazilandia, ...... 275 Sudáfrica, ... .283 Sudán 291 Sudán del Sur, .297 Tanzania, . 301 Togo, .307 Túnez 315 Uganda, .316 Zambia, .319 Zimbabue, 327 1

ANGOLA

Manuel Domingos Vicente, Vicepresidente de la República de Angola

Mr. President of the 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly, Your Excellencies Presidents and Heads of Government, Mr. Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ladies and Gentlemen,

At the outset, on behalf of the President of Angola, José Eduardo dos Santos, I would like to congratulate His Excellency Mogens Lykketoft for having been elected to the presidency of this 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly.

I also congratulate His Excellency Sam Kutesa, President of the 69th session, for the capable manner in which he led the work of the previous session, as well as the UN Secretary- General for his continued commitment to finding solutions to the complex issues that trouble the international community.

Mr. President, At the time of the San Francisco Conference, the idea was to build a world based on international law and in the search for peaceful solutions to international disputes. After seventy years, we note progress as well as setbacks: decolonization made remarkable progress, and that is reflected in the number of countries that now constitute the United Nations family. However, there was no success with regard to collective security, an issue that led to the creation of the United Nations and remains at the heart of its concerns.

We need a joint reflection on the role and future of the United Nations. We need an organization capable of promoting peace and international security, of acting quickly and effectively in conflict situations, and capable of addressing current and emerging challenges.

Mr. President,

By adopting the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, United Nations Member States reiterate as absolute priorities the eradication of poverty and hunger, the promotion of social and economic development, the protection of rights for all, as well as gender equality, women's empowerment, the environment, access to quality services, and special attention to vulnerable groups.

The 2030 Agenda reasserts the precept of the Rio+20 Conference, that it is possible to promote global sustainable development and establish universal goals that highlight the need for cooperation among peoples and a common path for humanity. It calls for a global partnership and for commitments from all parties to mitigate the adverse consequences of climate change with the eradication of poverty and misery, and the creation of opportunities for all.

I reiterate Angola's commitment to taking appropriate measures to strengthen this organization's development agenda.

In the near future, the United Nations will also be involved in the review of three very important processes: Women, Peace and Security, Peacekeeping Operations, and the Peacebuilding Architecture.

Distinguished Delegates, As I stated before, the ideal that guided the creation of the United Nations, 70 years ago, to save future generations from the scourge of war, remains to be materialized. People around the world expect the leaders of the 193 nations represented here to join in a collective effort to find appropriate solutions to the serious and multiple challenges that the world population faces.

As we commemorate this anniversary, we bear in mind the role and responsibilities of the United Nations as the paramount forum to find solutions to international problems, to preserve peace, to strengthen collective security and help to renounce the use of force in international relations, while respecting the sovereignty of States, the defense and promotion of Human Rights and the reaffirmation of the rule of law as fundamental principles of the international system.

This occasion should provide an additional incentive to accelerate reforms aimed at revitalizing the United Nations system, particularly the Security Council, by extending the number of its permanent and non-permanent members, thus making this body more representative and better equipped to address the challenges and opportunities that the World faces. Angola reaffirms the right of the African continent to be represented among the permanent members of the Security Council.

The forced displacement of thousands of human beings represents a heartbreaking reality of human degradation and offenses against human dignity, and it requires an immediate and comprehensive response by the international community.

Mr. President, In this coming month of November, Angola will celebrate the Fortieth Anniversary of its National Independence in an environment of peace, tolerance and reconciliation--a direct result of the will of the Angolan people to work together to achieve higher levels of economic growth and greater social inclusion, progress and well-being for all, in a more democratic, prosperous and modern country.

The Government of Angola, despite the adverse global environment, remains committed to sustained growth. To that end, it is implementing its National Development Plan, which aims to rehabilitate and modernize economic and social infrastructure, promote public and private investment, and increase the training, qualifications and proper management of human resources.

Distinguished delegates, The rise in terrorist activities perpetrated by extremist groups in Africa and elsewhere in the world is a serious security problem, and one that calls for a global coalition to combat this scourge.

The creation of the Task Force of the Lake Chad Basin Countries and Benin is an example of the sort of collective response that deserves the necessary support of the international community in order to purge the African continent of the terrorism that has caused such enormous suffering to the people affected by it.

The situation in the Central African Republic remains a challenge from the point of view of political and socio-economic stability, and internal security. Angola supports the efforts of the transitional government to restore public order and restructure State institutions, and encourages all parties to respect the commitments made in the Bangui Forum as a fundamental prerequisite for the attainment of an inclusive, peaceful, and transparent electoral process.

We welcome the recent compromise reached between the South Sudan Government and the armed opposition, mediated by IGAD and other international partners, to resolve the crisis plaguing the country. We encourage the parties to the Agreement to honour their commitments, and the international community to maintain its support for the peace process.

In Guinea-Bissau, with the institutional crisis now overcome, recent political developments foretell economic growth and political and social stabilization. We appeal to all Guinean political and social actors to display the utmost sense of responsibility, and the international community to continue to support the promises made at the Brussels Donors' Conference.

The question of Western Sahara continues to concern us, considering the need for the Saraoui people to exercise their right to self-determination. We call on the parties to continue negotiations and find a mutually acceptable solution within the framework of the United Nations Charter, and relevant Security Council resolutions.

We are concerned with the mindset that prevails in the process of finding a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. We advocate the resumption of negotiations leading to a peaceful and lasting solution, based on two States living side by side in peace and security.

The conflicts in Libya, Syria and Iraq require fast responses, given the serious humanitarian consequences resulting from them. The causes of these conflicts lie in serious violations of the fundamental rights of the people of these countries, and also in external interference that has proved disastrous, with attempts or changes of regime, and the artificial imposition of democracy from outside, which have all resulted in tragic consequences.

Angola warmly welcomes the agreement concluded between the six powers and the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran on the Iranian nuclear program. Such development is evidence that any dispute, however difficult and complex, may have political solutions. This is particularly notable in the case of a region where diplomacy has, in recent decades, been systematically passed over.

Angola follows very closely and welcomes the normalization of the diplomatic relations between the USA and Cuba. However, Angola reiterates the requisite to end the economic, financial and commercial embargo against Cuba, which limits the right of the Cuban people to development, and is contrary to the principles and rules of international law.

Mr. President, Distinguished delegates, The Republic of Angola currently holds the presidency of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region, and has been engaged in seeking solutions to the problems affecting the region, both bilaterally and multilaterally, as well as in the UN Security Council and the African Union Peace and Security Council. In this context, we reiterate our determination to continue to support and promote dialogue, peace, security and stability in Central Africa and throughout the Great Lakes region.

Aware of its responsibilities in an international context that is becoming increasingly fluid and complex, and aware of the security challenges that the States bordering the Gulf of Guinea face, the Angolan Government, with the support of the United States of America (USA) and Italy, will host an International Conference on Maritime and Energy Security in the coming days in Luanda, in order to contribute to a response to threats of terrorism and piracy in the Gulf of Guinea.

Mr. President, Climate Change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. For this reason, adopting a protocol that will govern the Global Action to protect the Climate System during the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is of the highest importance. This agreement should include a commitment to limit the increase in average global temperatures to 1.5 degrees Celsius by the end of the century. Likewise, the new agreement must include models of sharing enabling tools to protect the right to development and to strengthen resilience in developing countries.

Mr. President, Finally, I wish to reaffirm the importance that my country places on the role of multilateralism in solving global problems, according to a logic of shared responsibilities and benefits, in recognition of the legitimate interests of all, and in concertation for realistic and bold solutions.

We call on all Member States to renew their confidence in the United Nations ability to strengthen international dialogue as a key element of the culture of peace, of respect for differences between peoples and of conflict prevention, which are the very foundations of the progress and development to which all the peoples of the world are entitled.

Thank you for your attention.

ARGELIA

Ramtane Lamamra, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Argelina Democrática y Popular

Monsieur le Président, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général Excellences, Mesdames et Messieurs

Je souhaiterais exprimer au nom de l'Algérie mes vives félicitations à M. Lykeketoft Moggens pour son élection à la présidence de la 70ème session de l'Assemblée Générale, tout comme je tiens à adresser au Président de la précédente session, M. Sam Kutesa, l'expression de mes remerciements et reconnaissance pour les nombreuses réalisations concrétisées durant la période de sa présidence et que nous nous attellerons à consolider et á renforcer.

Cette session, qui coïncide avec la commémoration du 70ème anniversaire de la création des Nations Unies, se déroule dans des conditions où la communauté internationale fait face à la fois à de multiples défis et à des opportunités qui résultent de sept décennies de profondes transformations et de travail collectif avec leurs parts de succès et d'échecs.

La paix et la stabilité ont été restaurées dans de nombreuses régions du monde, auparavant théâtres de guerres destructrices, et des peuples se sont affranchis du joug du colonialisme en Afrique, en Asie et en Amérique latine et le monde a connu un bond qualitatif et un développement significatif durant les dernières décennies. Cette situation tranche singulièrement avec la persistance de la colonisation et de l'occupation étrangère dans un certain nombre de régions ainsi que l'aggravation de la pauvreté et de la famine qui demeurent, de nos jours, le plus grand défi des Nations Unies aux côtés des nouvelles menaces que représentent le terrorisme, la criminalité organisée, le trafic de drogue et la traite humaine.

Dans ce contexte, je ne saurai omettre la référence aux images véhiculées par les médias, de l'afflux massif de réfugiés en Europe du fait des drames humanitaires engendrés par les

8 guerres et les crises et qui traduisent, sans le moindre doute, un échec collectif dans le traitement des conflits et de leurs conséquences dans plusieurs régions, en particulier au Moyen-Orient.

La Déclaration finale du Sommet pour le développement post-2015, qui s'est tenu il y a quelques jours, est venue confirmer ce constat d'échec et restituer en même temps engagement universel pour confronter les défis auxquels l'humanité fait face sur les plans économique, social, sécuritaire et environnemental, et surtout la nécessité de conjuguer tous les efforts pour lutter contre la pauvreté, d'adopter de nouvelles approches pour amorcer le développement et améliorer les conditions de vie de l'être humain qui doit en être le principal destinataire, tout en veillant à la sauvegarde des ressources naturelles rares et à la protection de l'environnement.

Monsieur le Président, Du haut de cette tribune et en cette session charnière, l'Algérie affirme de nouveau la validité des principes et objectifs prévus par la Charte de Nations Unies et renouvelle sa détermination à poursuivre le travail afin de consacrer le triomphe des valeurs qui nous unissent et qui font des Nations Unies le creuset des préoccupations des Peuples du monde avec leurs ambitions et leurs espoirs.

Permettez-moi de souligner de nouveau la nécessité de poursuivre la réforme de l'Organisation des Nations Unies, d'adapter ses mécanismes et de moderniser ses outils pour lui permettre d'accomplir sa mission avec plus d'efficience.

Il s'agit, d'une part, de la réaffirmation du rôle de l'Assemblée Générale, en sa qualité de concepteur et d'articulateur de la coopération internationale pour le développement, et la uvre de ses résolutions et orientations, et d'autre part, de la nécessaire réforme du Conseil de sécurité dictée par les nouveaux défis et menaces qui guettent la paix et la sécurité internationales, cet organe principal ne reflétant plus la composante de la communauté internationale en particulier le continent africain.

Monsieur le Président L'Algérie participe à cette session historique au moment où elle a atteint, avant terme, la majorité des objectifs du millénaire pour le développement adoptés lors du Sommet de 2000 et s'est vue, pour cela, distinguer par les Nations Unies et ses agences spécialisées.

En application du programme du Président de la République, SE. Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA, l'Algérie mis en place une politique de développement fondée sur une approche ambitieuse et des plans de développement ayant pour finalité la relance du rythme de la croissance économique et la prise en charge des besoins sociaux de tous les citoyens, tout en continuant ÿ consolider l'Etat de droit, l'indépendance de la justice, la liberté d'expression ainsi que l'égalité des chances entre l'homme et la femme.

De par sa position centrale dans les espaces maghrébin et sahélien, et forte des principes de sécurité et la concorde dans son voisinage immédiat, et d'apporter le soutien politique et économique à ses voisins pour renforcer l'intégration maghrébine, étant convaincue que cela constitue un investissement pour l'avenir de tous et pour l'instauration de la paix et de la stabilité sur les plans régional et international.

Ceci est reflété par la démarche soutenue de l'Equipe de médiation internationale au Mali, dirigée par l'Algérie et qui a abouti à la conclusion d'un accord global pour la paix et la réconciliation nationale entre le Gouvernement et les autres parties maliennes. Au moment où nous encourageons routes les parties signataires de cet accord, et plus largement toutes les forces politiques et sociales maliennes, nous invitons la communauté internationale, en particulier les pays donateurs, accompagner ce processus et à le soutenir politiquement et financièrement.

Monsieur le Président L'Algérie, qui a été aux côtés du peuple libyen frère depuis le déclenchement de la crise dans ce pays, ne ménagera aucun effort pour l'aider à restaurer la paix et la stabilité et renouvelle son soutien aux efforts des Nations Unies pour parvenir à une solution globale inclusive.

Il convient de souligner, à cet égard, les efforts de l'Union Africaine dans le domaine de la résolution des conflits et du maintien de la paix sur le continent africain et qui a, à son actif plusieurs réalisations, dont l'opération de paix en Somalie et la Mission conjointe Afrique-ONU au Darfour.

Notre continent contribue pour plus de 45% du personnel du maintien de la paix dans le monde, et je rappelle que le dernier Sommet africain tenu A Johannesburg a pris d'importantes décisions traduisant la volonté des pays et des peuples du continent en faveur de solutions africaines aux problèmes africains dans le cadre d'une approche intégrée de la paix et de la sécurité.

Monsieur le Président, Au Sahara Occidental et après un quart de siècle de cessez-le-feu entre les deux parties au conflit, le Polisario et le Royaume du Maroc, et l'adoption du Plan de Paix ONU-OUA, le peuple sahraoui continue de subir l'occupation et les souffrances qui en découlent. Les tergiversations et les tentatives de fuir les responsabilités ont empêché la réalisation d'une solution à ce conflit qui menace la paix et la stabilité dans la région, et porte atteinte A la crédibilité des Nations Unies.

L'Algérie, qui soutient avec conviction et fermeté le droit du peuple sahraoui de déterminer son destin en toute liberté, apprécie les efforts que le Secrétaire Général et son Envoyé personnel, Christopher Ross, ne cessent de consentir, et appelle les Nations Unies à fixer une date définitive pour l'organisation d'un référendum conformément aux résolutions pertinentes de l'Assemblée Générale et du Conseil de sécurité, comme cela a été expressément demandé par le Sommet de l'Union africaine tenu en juin 2015 en Afrique du Sud.

L'Algérie ne ménagera aucun effort pour aider les parties au conflit et les Nations Unies en vue d'une m frère appelle de ses

Partant de cette même conviction de la nécessité du règlement pacifique des différends, l'Algérie, qui suit avec beaucoup d'attention et de préoccupation les évolutions des situations en Syrie et au Yémen et les souffrances des deux peuples frères, exhorte les protagonistes ÿ s'engager résolument dans la recherche d'une solution pacifique aux crises qui affectent leurs pays.

Monsieur le Président, L'Algérie enregistre avec satisfaction la prise de conscience grandissante quant à la nécessité de lutter contre le terrorisme international et le traitement de ses causes

11 premières. Elle appelle au renforcement de la coopération internationale et la mobilisation de routes les ressources nécessaires pour combattre les groupes terroristes ainsi qu'à la nécessité d'adopter des approches globales de lutte contre la criminalité transnationale organisée, y compris la traite humaine et le trafic de drogue, et le tarissement des sources d'approvisionnement des groupes terroristes en particulier l'interdiction du paiement des rançons. Dans ce contexte, l'Algérie a organisé au cours de cette année, une conférence sur la dé-radicalisation dont les recommandations ont souligné l'impératif de promotion des valeurs de tolérance.

Monsieur le Président, L'Algérie, qui a payé un lourd tribut et consenti d'énormes sacrifices pour recouvrer sa souveraineté et rejoindre le concert des Nations, apprécie à sa juste la lutte héroïque menée par le peuple palestinien pour recouvrer ses droits nationaux et partage ses espoirs au moment où l'emblème palestinien flotte désormais au siège des Nations Unies.

Cette victoire symbolique, qui intervient après la reconnaissance internationale de l'Etat palestinien, constitue un soutien à la solution juste et définitive de la question palestinienne garantissant la création d'un Etat souverain avec Jérusalem Est comme capitale.

Monsieur le Président,

Compte tenu de l'importance de la problématique des changements climatiques et ses retombées sur les plans Economique, social et environnemental, et même politique et sécuritaire, nous f -21 devant se tenir prochainement à Paris, soient à la hauteur des défis Ecologiques qui menacent désormais de disparition, des pays et des régions entiers et compromettant sérieusement la vie sur terre.

Je dois également ajouter qu'à l'instar des autres changements climatiques, la désertification constitue un obstacle majeur au développement durable du continent importance économique et sociale que représente la terre pour les habitants de ce continent, en raison de sa contribution au développement, à la sécurité alimentaire et à radication de la pauvreté.

Consciente de cela, l'Algérie appelle à des investissements majeurs dans le domaine de la désertification, convaincue que leurs coûts seront, de loin, inférieurs à ceux éventuellement engendrés par la prise en charge de leurs conséquences.

Monsieur le Président, Force est d'admettre qu'en dépit des réalisations que nous avons accomplies collectivement au sein des Nations Unies et en dehors de leur système, les instruments et procédés mis en place par les pères fondateurs, depuis sept décennies, ne répondent plus aux exigences de l'heure, ni aux aspirations de la population mondiale qui dépasse les sept milliards, comme ils ne sont plus en mesure d'aider à la réalisation des objectifs prévus par la Charte dans les différents domaines, en particulier la sécurité collective, la coopération pour le développement et la promotion de homme.

C'est dire que les nouveaux et multiples défis générés par la mondialisation autant que les profonds bouleversements et transformations qui ont affecté les relations internationales depuis des décennies, nous imposent des réformes audacieuses à même de conférer la crédibilité et la transparence nécessaires au système de coopération internationale.

Monsieur le Président, La commémoration des anniversaires des institutions, tout comme celle des personnes, offre des occasions idoines pour des évaluations introspectives et des projections prospectives. Ainsi, s'impose à nous l'évocation des résultats historiques de la 29ème session de notre auguste assemblée, tenue en 1974 sous la présidence de M. Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA, concernant l'Afrique du Sud, la Palestine et le Nouvel Ordre Economique International, pour de cette mémorable séquence de la vie de notre organisation pour se hisser à la hauteur des défis actuels par un saut qualitatif, collectif et courageux en vue de promouvoir une humanité réconciliée avec elle même, qui soit à l'abri de la peur et du besoin.

Je vous remercie pour votre attention.

BENÍN

Lionel Zinsou, Primer Ministro de la República de Benín

Générale, Excellences, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs de Délégation, Mesdames, Messieurs,

L'Organisation des Nations-Unies souffle cette année, les soixante-dix (70) ans de son existence, avec pour exhortation « Une ONU plus forte pour un Monde meilleur ». C'est l'occasion de procéder à une évaluation des avancées réalisées dans la promotion des principes fondamentaux de la Charte et dans la mise en

en ces moments où notre Monde globalisé traverse une période mouvementée de son histoire, avec l'émergence de nouveaux pôles de décision, le spectre du changement climatique et l'expression de plus en plus insistante des aspirations des Peuples à un avenir prospère et durable.

Je me félicite à cet égard, Monsieur le Président, de votre engagement en faveur action et de l'intensification des efforts de l'ONU pour cimenter la Paix et la Sécurité internationales et les droits humains.

Je voudrais associer ma voix aux félicitations et témoignages de haute appréciation formulés à votre endroit. Cette marque de confiance placée en vous est la reconnaissance par la Communauté Internationale de vos qualités mais aussi un hommage rendu à votre Pays le Danemark. La délégation béninoise, par ma voix, vous assure de son soutien et de son entière collaboration au cours des travaux de la soixante-dixième session.

Je rends hommage au Président sortant, Son Excellence Monsieur Sam Kahamba KUTESA, dont les qualités personnelles ont permis de réaliser des progrès indéniables et le consensus sur des dossiers importants inscrits à l'agenda de l'Organisation mondiale durant son mandat.

Le Bénin se réjouit du thème combien évocateur du Débat général « Les Nations-Unies à 70 ans : la voie pour la Paix, la Sécurité et les droits de l'Homme » à travers lequel nous sommes conviés à indiquer les actions à mener et les domaines de concentration des efforts à déployer, afin d'ouvrir des perspectives heureuses pour la réalisation du développement durable auquel nous aspirons, avec l'adoption, au cours du Sommet qui vient de s'achever, du nouveau Programme de Développement pour après-2015.

Il s'agit aussi pour nous de saisir la présente opportunité pour exprimer nos positions quant aux moyens avec lesquels nous pourrions répondre, avec plus d'efficacité, aux défis les plus urgents de notre monde en mutation, tels que la menace du terrorisme international, l'instabilité du système économique mondial, les crises alimentaires et énergétiques récurrentes, le chômage massif des jeunes, les pandémies, les effets néfastes des changements climatiques, la montée du niveau des mers, l'érosion côtière, l'acidification des océans et la disparition accélérée de la diversité biologique. A tous ces maux s'ajoute la corruption qui oppose de sérieux entraves, à la m des programmes de développement et qui entraine des répercussions dommageables sur les pays, les institutions et les individus.

Le Bénin se félicite des dispositions pertinentes du Plan d'Action d'Addis-Abeba, en ce qu'elles offrent de nouvelles possibilités de coopération clans la lutte contre l'évasion fiscale et les flux financiers illicites.

La lutte contre la corruption, à travers une entraide judiciaire coordonnée, permettra de juguler les effets néfastes sur la croissance économique et les investissements. Elle aidera aussi à privet les auteurs des crimes économiques et financiers, des possibilités de repli dans les sanctuaires que sont les paradis fiscaux.

C'est à ce titre que mon Gouvernement déploie d'intenses efforts pour éradiquer le phénomène de la corruption, d'abord par le truchement de la promulgation de la Loi

15 n°2011-20 du 12 octobre 2011 portant lutte contre la corruption et autres infractions connexes en République du Bénin et la création de l'Autorité Nationale de Lutte contre la Corruption (ANLC), ensuite, à travers la mise en place d'un certain nombre de mécanismes dont la finalité est d'associer pleinement les partenaires aux développement la gestion des projets qu'ils financent, et enfin par l'enclenchement de poursuites judiciaires contre toute personne mise en cause, quelle que soit sa position au sein des Institutions de la République.

Monsieur le Président, La paix, la sécurité et la bonne gouvernance à l'échelle internationale resteront encore, pour longtemps, des axes centraux de l'action des Nations Unies comme les faits démontrent.

II est important de réaffirmer le rôle prépondérant que doit jouer l'ONU dans la recherche de solutions justes et durables aux nombreux conflits intra-étatiques violents aux ramifications parfois internationales.

Le Bénin croit fermement en la capacité des Nations Unies à servir de cadre de concertation et de coopération, car aucun Etat aussi puissant soit-il, ne peut à lui seul venir à bout des défis auxquels la planète est confrontée dans le domaine sécuritaire.

Il n'y qu'à prendre pour preuve le Continent africain où la question sécuritaire demeure au éoccupations, à cause d'une multitude de défis transnationaux liés à l'intégrisme religieux, au terrorisme, au trafic d'êtres humains et de la drogue, à la piraterie maritime, etc.

Le Bénin, mon Pays, milite fortement en faveur de mesures politiques, économiques, juridiques et diplomatiques propres à prévenir et à éradiquer le fléau du terrorisme, car aussi condamnables que soient les pratiques terroristes, elles ne pourront être durablement éradiquées que si les terreaux fertiles qui leur servent de prétextes sont détruits.

Le Bénin ne manquera cependant pas à son devoir de solidarité lorsque les fondements de la vie et les valeurs universelles sont gravement menacés.

C'est pourquoi le Bénin entend prendre une part active à la mobilisation régionale, aux côtés du Nigeria, du Niger, du Cameroun et du Tchad pour mettre un terme aux actes de violence meurtrière que constituent les rapts de masse, les assassinats, les attaques suicides, les mariages forcés, etc.

En appui aux actions militaires que le Bénin soutient et auxquelles il contribue en hommes et en matériels, des efforts devront être redoublés en vue d'assécher les sources de financement et d'alimentation en ressources humaines des organisations terroristes et les entités qui leur sont affiliées.

II est de notre devoir d'assurer la promotion d'une éducation basée sur la tolérance qui est le meilleur rempart contre le terrorisme et les extrémismes de tous bords.

C'est dans ce cadre que s'est tenu à Cotonou, au Bénin, du 26 au 28 mai 2015, avec le soutien des Nations Unies, un Symposium international sur l'éducation à la paix et au développement par le dialogue interreligieux et interculturel.

Le Symposium a abouti à adoption d'un Manifeste qui propose des voles à suivre pour favoriser une cohabitation pacifique entre les cultures, à travers l'aménagement d'espaces communs de convivialité et d'échanges, en vue de créer l'harmonie et le vouloir vivre ensemble des Peuples.

Je voudrais ici remercier tous les partenaires qui ont soutenu l'Initiative et insister sur la nécessité de la poursuite de leur appui au cours de la phase de la m Manifeste.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Le Bénin soutient toutes les initiatives de renforcement de la coopération entre les Nations Unies et les organisations régionales et sous-régionales africaines, qui visent créer les conditions optimales pour l'émergence du Continent Africain.

A cet égard, le partenariat stratégique entre l'Afrique et les Nations Unies pour le maintien de la paix et de la stabilité des Etats du Continent revêt une importance cardinale comme le

Président Boni YAYI, en a mesuré la portée alors qu'il était Président en exercice de l'Union Africaine en 2012.

Ace sujet, il urge d'approfondir l'institutionnalisation des relations entre le Conseil de Paix et de Sécurité de l'Union Africaine et le Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies, dans une optique de consolidation du Système de sécurité collective établi par la Charte des Nations Unies.

C'est vous dire combien le Bénin souhaite vivement que la réforme des Nations Unies aboutisse, afin d'accroître l'efficacité de l'Organisation, en particulier dans le domaine de la paix et de la sécurité internationales. Il est bien des questions voire des iniquités que le déséquilibre de fait du Conseil de sécurité, en ce 21ème siècle empêche de régler.

Permettez-moi de souligner, dans ce contexte, que notre organisation aurait pu saisir l'occasion de l'avènement de ses soixante-dix (70) arts pour réparer l'injustice historique faite à l'Afrique qui demeure, à ce jour, le seul Continent non représenté dans la catégorie des Membres permanents du Conseil de Sécurité.

Ainsi, en se refusant à prendre en compte les nombreuses mutations intervenues sur la scène internationale depuis 1945 et en se cramponnant à des privilèges surannés, les forces opposées à une représentation équitable des Etats Membres au sein du Conseil de Sécurité font courir à cet Organe un risque de sclérose.

Le Bénin en appelle, par conséquent, à un sursaut de la Communauté internationale pour une gestion plus inclusive et plus efficace des grands problèmes politiques contemporains, tels la question de la Palestine.

A cet effet, la création de l'Etat Palestinien membre de plein droit des Nations Unies et vivant en bonne entente avec Israël permettra, nous en sommes profondément convaincus, de créer la dynamique qui fera baisser les tensions et établir les conditions propices à la paix et au développement durables de cette Région du Moyen Orient qu'il conviendra de déclarer zone exempte d'arme nucléaire.

Le Bénin se félicite à cet égard, de l'Accord intervenu, le 14 juillet 2015 9 Vienne, après plus de douze (12) ans de négociations, entre la République Islamique d'Iran et les P5+1 sur

18 la question du nucléaire. II s'agit la d'un compromis historique, qui préserve le droit inaliénable de tous les Etats a l'usage pacifique de l'énergie nucléaire pour la satisfaction des besoins et de la quête aux mieux-être de leurs peuples.

Et comment, Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, ne pas saluer et rendre hommage, à cette étape-ci de mon propos, à la clairvoyance des Leaders de Cuba et des Etats-Unis d'Amérique qui, après tant d'années d'antagonisme, ont su faire table rase du passé pour convenir de bâtir désormais ensemble, un avenir plein d'espoir et d'espérance pour leurs deux peuples!

N'est-ce pas encore là une belle illustration de la réaffirmation des buts et principes de la Charte des Nations Unies, notamment ceux en rapport avec l'égalité souveraine des Etats et la résolution pacifique des différends?

Monsieur le Président, Le bonheur des Peuples dépend indiscutablement du respect des droits de l'homme, de la bonne gouvernance, de la transparence dans la gestion des deniers publics, de l'approfondissement continu de la démocratie et de l'exercice rationnel du pouvoir dans l'intérêt de tous.

Au cours de ces quinze dernières années, nous avons accompli des progrès considérables des Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement (OMD) a engendré une forte dynamique qui a focalisé nos énergies sur des cibles claires.

Le Monde pourrait, à juste titre, se féliciter d'avoir sorti de extrême pauvreté plus d'un milliard de personnes et d'avoir réalisé des progrès remarquables dans la lutte contre la faim et la discrimination à l'égard des filles.

Cependant, beaucoup reste encore à faire, car los progrès réalisés au plan mondial masquent les disparités de performances enregistrées dans la grande majorité des PMA, en raison de la persistance des contraintes auxquelles ils sont confrontés et des chocs exogènes liés à la crise financière internationale de 2008, la volatilité des cours des produits de base, les effets néfastes des changements climatiques.

La maladie à virus EBOLA, à laquelle font face plusieurs Pays d'Afrique de l'Ouest, depuis près de deux ans, est la preuve tangible de la fragilité des acquis.

Grâce cependant à la mobilisation internationale sous la houlette des Nations Unies, les Pays affectés se remettent peu a peu des effets dévastateurs de l'épidémie qui semble, à l'heure actuelle, sous contrôle. Je voudrais saluer la tenue, le 13 août 2015, de la séance du Conseil de Sécurité qui a permis de procéder à une évaluation complète de la situation et des défis qui restent à relever pour éradiquer le mal.

Monsieur le Président, des OMD, et de l'éclairage qu'ils ont apporté à l'élaboration du Programme de développement pour l'après-2015.

Le Bénin adhère pleinement à la finalité de ce Programme qui est radication de la pauvreté et la préservation de la biosphère, deux préoccupations majeures qui reflètent la vocation universelle recherchée.

Le nouveau programme est porteur de grands espoirs parce qu'il met en exergue, de façon singulière, le lien intrinsèque qui existe entre la paix et le développement durable, en soulignant le rôle central de l'Etat de droit, des institutions responsables et de l'accès à la justice, tout en dormant la priorité aux personnes vulnérables et marginalisées afin de ne «laisser personne de côté».

Nous engageons la Communauté internationale à en assurer un suivi méticuleux pour réaliser des changements significatifs dans la vie quotidienne de nos Peuples et offrir des perspectives meilleures aux générations actuelles et futures.

Monsieur le Président, Au cours de rues deux mandats, le Président Boni YAYI a fait réaliser d'énormes progrès dans des secteurs vitaux pour le développement; - la réduction á 36% du taux de pauvreté monétaire; - la couverture en eau potable à hauteur de 82% au cours de l'année 2015; - la réduction substantielle de la faim et des carences nutritionnelles;

- vement du primaire de 77,6% et l'indice parité filles/garçons de O, 97.

II me plait de souligner que malgré l'insuffisance de ressources et les difficultés qu'occasionne l'organisation régulière d'élections libres, transparentes et crédibles, le Gouvernement Béninois a réussi, au cours de cette année 2015, le grand pari des élections législatives, municipales, communales et locales qui ont conduit au renouvellement des Députés à l'Assemblée Nationale ainsi que des élus des conseils municipaux, communaux et locaux, conformément á la Constitution et aux aspirations légitimes du Peuple béninois.

La convocation du corps électoral pour la tenue à bonne date de la prochaine élection présidentielle, en février et mars 2016, est déjà une réalité tangible et le Président se réjouit a l'avance, après avoir servi la Nation béninoise pendant les dix dernières années, de pouvoir passer le relais à celui sur qui le Peuple portera son choix pour lui succéder dans cette noble et exaltante charge de la magistrature suprême.

Le vouloir vivre-ensemble, la solidarité et la fraternité tirent leur origine du génie créateur de notre Peuple et se transmettent de génération en génération. Grace à ces valeurs, le Peuple béninois arrive toujours à surmonter les difficultés et à réaliser le consensus pour aller de l'avant et figurer parmi les pays dont la pratique démocratique est citée en exemple sur le Continent africain.

Je vous remercie de votre aimable attention.

BOTSUANA

Mokgweetsi E.K. Masisi, Vicepresidente de la República de Botsuana

Mr. President,

On behalf of His Excellency the President of the Republic of Botswana, Lt. General Seretse Khama Ian Khama, allow me at the very outset, to join other delegations in extending our heartiest congratulations to you on your election to the Presidency of the 70th Session of this august body of the United Nations.

Your election bears testimony to the excellent credentials you bring to the Office of the President of the General Assembly, and which should greatly support the execution of your mandate during this historic year on the UN calendar. We wish to assure you of Botswana's unequivocal support throughout your term of office.

My delegation and I take this opportunity to also recognise, with appreciation, your predecessor, His Excellency Sam Kahamba Kutesa, whose leadership and purposeful endeavours as President of the 69th Session of the General Assembly was significantly evident in international efforts to address the global challenges confronting the world today. The High Level Events he convened in this regard demonstrated his genuine commitment to sustainable development, peace and security as well as human rights and human dignity.

We are confident that your efforts will further, and firmly guide the general membership of this Assembly onto a path which ensures the full and effective implementation of the historic Post 2015 Development Agenda which the world leaders adopted only a few short days ago.

It would be remiss of me not to seize this opportunity to commend the Secretary General, His Excellency Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, whose passion and dedication has been, and continues to be instrumental to the work of this noble Organisation.

Mr. President, This year, 2015, marks an extraordinarily momentous year in the history of humanity. Not only is it the 70th Anniversary of the naissance of the United Nations, it is also notably the 70th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War; the 20th Anniversary of the World Summit on Social Development; the 20th Anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action; and the 15th Anniversary of the Millennium Summit; to mention but a few.

The list of the global milestones is by no means exhaustive but demonstrates the resolute and enduring commitment of the UN to champion the cause of humanity.

The significance of this year impels us to pause and recall the purpose, ideals and founding principles of, and upon which the United Nations was established. It is imperative that we reflect on the history of this eminent Organisation and take account of what we, the international community, have achieved and can still achieve, to safeguard the aspirations and integrity of the founders of the UN as well as uphold the absolute primacy and veracity of the UN Charter.

It is furthermore, an opportunity for us to admit our failures and draw attention to the areas where we have fallen short of fulfilling our individual and collective responsibility to deliver on all three anchors of human development: peace and security, development, and human rights.

Mr. President, Your choice of this year's theme, - A New Commitment to Action" is therefore fitting, being a most pertinent context for our deliberation and reflection at this critical juncture in our lifetime.

Fifteen years ago, following the Millennium Summit of 2000, the largest gathering of World leaders in history adopted the Millennium Declaration, which inter alia, espoused the

23 need for a people-centered framework for global development. That framework gave birth to the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs).

The MDGs were a landmark set of eight time-bound targets aimed at addressing extreme poverty and social inequalities. For the first time, there was a clearly codified global agenda focusing nations globally on priority areas for meeting the needs of the world's poorest people and liberating them from the dehumanising conditions of abject poverty.

The Secretary General's final Report on the MDGs illustrates that significant progress has been made in realising those goals.

These notable achievements notwithstanding, the sombre truth is that progress has largely been uneven across and within countries and regions.

We continue to see multitudes, especially the poorest, vulnerable and marginalised in our societies, subjected to unacceptable living conditions: Social exclusions and inequalities still present a significant challenge in most countries, with women and girls; the youth bearing the heaviest weight of those circumstances.

The situation varies from one nation to another due to their different national realities and capacities, requiring more focused and targeted interventions to effectively address and ensure the sustainability of the developments achieved.

In Botswana, we are proud of the tremendous strides we have made in the implementation of the MDGs, particularly given the enormous resource and capacity constraints we faced, and continue to face as we implement our development programmes and prepare to domesticate the new agenda.

Poverty eradication, gender equality, the empowerment of women, girls and the youth, job creation, as well as equal access to health and other social services remain high on our national agenda.

We however march on with steadfast determination to ensure that every opportunity is seized, every effort galvanised and every resource employed to ensure the inherent dignity

24 and fundamental freedoms of all citizens of Botswana. This includes paying due attention to the needs of the aged and to people with disabilities. In this regard, the Botswana Government is currently at the final stages of finalising the country's National Vision 2030 and National Development Plan 11 in order to ensure firm alignment and complementarity between national aspirations and the building blocks to deliver them.

Mr. President, As dusk descends on the MDGs, the Government of Botswana has enthusiastically begun to prepare for the dawn of the new global development framework.

Botswana therefore welcomes the highly anticipated adoption of the profoundly ambitious and transformative Sustainable Development The 2030 Agenda For Sustainable Development ", which come as a culmination of over two years of exceptionally intensive and, widely extensive negotiations. The Agenda represents a global vision for the sustained prosperity of humankind and the living planet, wherein universal peace and security form the foundation for sustainable development across all nations.

We look forward to the effective implementation of the integrated and indivisible 17 goals and 169 targets arrived at through the all-inclusive intergovernmental process as mandated by the outcome document of the Rio+20 Conference of 2012. The Botswana Government embarks on this new course with increased optimism that we shall indeed realise "The Future We Want".

Mr. President, In December this year, Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) will convene in Paris to adopt a universal legally binding agreement on climate change. The importance and urgency of agreement on this framework cannot be over-emphasised.

Climate change is arguably the greatest environmental challenge the world continues to face, with potentially catastrophic consequences for our planet and future generations, if left unchecked. We continue to witness a dangerous rise in sea levels, melting glaciers, severe decline in agricultural output, changing weather patterns and health challenges caused by the change in climatic conditions° Climate change also presents a serious security threat, displacing millions and condemning even greater numbers to sub-par living

25 conditions. We extend our condolences to all those who lost loved ones and the destruction of property caused by natural disasters.

Developing countries are the hardest hit, with limited capacities to respond to these effects and, therefore require much assistance in the development of climate-smart technology in order to reduce their vulnerability and transition to low-carbon growth paths.

Mr. President, The Botswana delegation believes it is critical that in our pursuit of global development that leaves no one behind, particular focus be given to countries in special situations, and the very specific support they require to build their economies.

In November of last year, Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) met in Vienna to adopt the Vienna Programme of Action on Landlocked Developing Countries which has six priority areas that range from infrastructure development and maintenance, international trade and trade facilitation, regional integration and cooperation to structural economic transformation.

Botswana, like other LLDCs will require substantial augmentation of its capacity to implement any one of these areas. This holds true for Middle Income Countries (MICs) too, a category of countries to which Botswana belongs.

Figures show that 75% of the world's poorest populations live in Middle Income Countries. The clarion call is therefore to explore mechanisms by which these countries can be assisted in order to address such entrenched and widespread poverty. The scale of the required assistance goes well beyond the obvious need for infrastructure development, strengthening of institutions, access to technology, skills development, development of social protection floors, amongst others.

Critically important is the need to extend financing for development in order to address the specific needs and challenges of the individual MICs one size fits all' policy framework. Failure in this regard would be detrimental to the development trajectory of MICs, with a real possibility that they could relapse to LDC status.

Mr. President,

Discussions have commenced at various UN platforms on how the Organisation should itself transform to be better structured, better equipped to effectively and efficiently carry out its mandate and better serve the best interests of its Member States.

Botswana believes that chief amongst the scores of considerations should be the coordination between and amongst the UN agencies for strengthened system-wide coherence which extends to improve cooperation with regional and sub-regional organisations. We believe that this would go a long way towards enhancing international efforts aimed at addressing the myriad of challenges to development, durable peace and security.

Mr. President, We cannot speak about development, peace and security without consideration of the increasingly disturbing phenomenon of migration trends. The flow of international migrants continues to show exponential growth since the High Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development, held in New York in September 2013.

Conflict, political instability and poverty are the main push factors of migrants from the developing to developed countries, as evidenced by the thousands that continue to cross the Mediterranean into Europe in search of economic opportunities. The grave conditions that the migrants are exposed to, including what they contribute to the unprecedented levels of humanitarian crises, is a cause of great concern. It is wrong to blame any single country in Europe on its policy towards immigration as every country has to assess its own ability to accommodate such influx. It is also not Europe's fault about the tragedy of the drownings in the sea, but that of the countries they originate from.

In this regard, Botswana believes that the issue of migration warrants urgent attention by the international community, with a view to developing a comprehensive and lasting solution to it. The imposition of quotas to make it mandatory for countries to accept migrants or refugees is not the best solution° Instead, consideration should be given rather to reward and support the countries accepting these migrants or refugees by setting up a Special Fund under UNHCR, that Europe or preferably the entire international community should contribute to annually; based on an assessment of their economic status and whether they themselves are playing host to refugees. If anything should be mandatory, it

27 should be this approach. In summary, the more refugees you take, the bigger the reward or support and the less contribution you make to the Fund.

We welcome the Secretary General's initiative to convene the first ever World Humanitarian Summit next year, which should not only enhance existing and new efforts to address the issue of migration, but to also ensure comprehensive, coherent and cohesive approaches to respond to the critically urgent issue of the global humanitarian architecture.

Mr. President, Botswana remains gravely concerned about the serious threats to international peace and security in many parts of the world, which arguably present the greatest challenge to human development. We are witnessing an alarming rise in instability, insecurity and violent conflict, causing untold devastation and human suffering. The unremitting loss of innocent lives and escalating humanitarian crises has reached tragic levels, making it imperative for the international community to take urgent and decisive action. We take this opportunity to commend all humanitarian organisations and Human Rights Organisations for the good work they do for humanity.

Deeply troubling is the increasing involvement of non-state actors and radical extremists in most of these conflict situations. Activities by these entities introduce additional layers of difficulty to conflict management and resolution processes. Terrorism, including the emergence of abductions as one of its many forms, further complicates the complexities of responses to conflict in areas of unrest.

In a world where borders are porous and nations evermore interdependent, threats to security in any region have consequences for us all. The only difference is the degree of the impact.

In Africa, the situations in Somalia, Libya and South Sudan, to mention a few, are a current preoccupation and cause of deep concern for the Continent. The African Union, through its regional mechanisms and international support, is, however, actively engaged in efforts to resolve the conflicts and Botswana remains fully supportive of these ongoing efforts. It is our hope that lasting solutions can be found before there is any further loss of innocent lives and instability becomes entrenched in those societies.

In other parts of the world, we remain deeply concerned about the situation in the Middle East. The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has remained unresolved for several decades, without any real promise of it ending in sight° Botswana continues to lend unequivocal support to the two state solution and we join others in calling for constructive dialogue by the parties involved.

Of particular concern in the Middle East is the political crisis in Yemen and the protracted war in Syria. The latter especially, has wreaked unprecedented havoc on a people to the extent not seen since the Second World War.

Botswana is profoundly troubled that the United Nations Security Council however seems paralysed by the hard divisions amongst its members to uphold its Chapter V Charter responsibilities, and take decisive action against the Syrian government. Despite the carnage and destruction of property of unspeakable proportions that has raged in that country since 2011, there are members of the Council still obstructing initiatives intended to end the war and alleviate the desperate plight of the Syrian people.

Horrified by the torment visited upon Syrians with appalling impunity by their government, Botswana joined 58 concerned members of the international community in 2013 to petition the Security Council to refer Syria to the International Criminal Court. It is a matter of deep regret that action on this matter continues to be frustrated by divisions in the UNSC.

In light of such challenges, Botswana continues to firmly support the initiative by France calling for the permanent members of the Security Council to refrain from using their veto powers in situations involving mass atrocities. The UN which promotes democracy around the globe should itself lead by example. The UN Security Council is not an example of democracy where permanent membership is limited to five countries which further have a veto. There should be no permanent members and no veto at all. The practice of might is right, is actually wrong.

Whilst in the main, it is indeed the primary responsibility of states to ensure the protection of their people; the reality is that some, like Syria, are manifestly failing to do so. Instead, they violate international humanitarian law with shameful impunity. Clearly this should

29 necessitate the application of Pillars II and III of the principle of Responsibility to Protect (R2P): yet, nothing is happening.

Is it perhaps time that R2P is made a formal agenda item for debate by the General Assembly? Perhaps such a debate could provide sufficient impetus for the Security Council to carry the full mantle of its mandate, including improving its relationship with the International Criminal Court (ICC) in order to facilitate investigation and prosecution of perpetrators of crimes against humanity.

Botswana's commitment to a strong and effective international justice system remains resolute. Our belief in the ICC, as the only standing international criminal tribunal for war crimes and crimes against humanity, is unwavering.

The Botswana Government regrets that non-cooperation by some State Parties still plagues the Court, making allowance for continued impunity and escape from accountability for crimes committed against humanity.

We therefore urge all Parties to the Rome Statute of the ICC to stand fully behind the Court. Cooperation is vital for the assurance of the Court's integrity and effective functioning.

My delegation and I are hopeful that as we commemorate 70 years of the United Nations, we can have unanimous agreement that judicial accountability, inclusive governance and the protection and promotion of human rights are essential elements for peaceful societies. This should not be seen as the preserve of the ICC or Security Council alone, but rather as a shared responsibility of the global community.

Mr. President, Finally, the sooner the world is rid of the feeble leadership of Sepp Blatter at FIFA, the better. The corruption, poor governance and a leader who has gone well beyond his sell by date is almost a mirror image of that organization being linked to a failed state. Good governance should not apply to politics only, but to all institutions, especially international organizations.

Let me conclude by re-affirming Botswana's commitment and abiding faith in the purpose and founding principles of the United Nations. We are strongly committed to a world that

30 nurtures and sustains all life within the natural limits of the living planet, leaving absolutely no one behind. Botswana is truly optimistic that with genuine political will and concerted collective effort, it can be done.

I thank you for your kind attention.

BURKINA FASO

Michel Kafando, Presidente interino de la República de Burkina Faso

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs de délégation, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général, Mesdames et Messieurs,

C'est un honneur pour moi, de m'adresser à votre auguste assemblée, en ma qualité de Président de la Transition du Burkina Faso, pour vous exprimer rues bien sincères et chaleureuses félicitations, pour votre élection à la présidence de la 70eme session de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies.

Il me plaît également de féliciter votre prédécesseur, Monsieur Sam KUTESA, pour la manière dont il a conduit les travaux de la soixante-neuvième session.

Monsieur le Président, Parce que la Transition que je dirige est le fruit de l'insurrection populaire d'octobre 2014, pour dire non à l'arbitraire, au népotisme et à l'injustice d'un régime antidémocratique, je suis venu plaider pour la liberté et la démocratie.

Oui, devant cette assemblée, je suis venu exalter la liberté, la vraie liberté. Celle dont rêvaient les révolutionnaires de 1789 et à laquelle aspirent aujourd'hui encore tant et tant d'êtres humains. Je veux exalter la liberté tout court. Pour en avoir été privé un moment, j'en mesure désormais le prix.

Devant cette assemblée, je suis venu saluer la démocratie, devenue aujourd'hui un canon universel, sauf qu'au Burkina des prétoriens d'un autre âge, ramant à contre-courant de l'histoire, ont tenté de la confisquer pour assouvir leurs ambitions sordides.

Chers amis de la Communauté internationale, c'est grâce à vous, défenseurs de ces valeurs que je viens d'évoquer, que je parle librement devant vous, chose impensable il y a

32 seulement deux semaines, lorsque je me suis retrouvé dans les geôles de la sédition militaire.

En effet, le 16 septembre dernier, mon pays, le Burkina Faso était victime d'un coup d'Etat ignoble, perpétré par des officiers a la solde de politiciens revanchards, et tenez-vous bien, la veille du lancement de la campagne électorale. C'était sans compter avec le peuple burkinabé. La riposte nationale et populaire a été spontanée pour barrer la route à ces aventuriers-là, mais hélas, au prix de pertes en vies humaines et de nombreux blessés. En cette occasion, la nation burkinabé et en particulier sa jeunesse, a fait preuve d'un patriotisme à nul autre pareil.

Parallèlement, la réaction internationale s'est promptement manifestée pour condamner unanimement ce putsch et soutenir la Transition.

Du haut de cette tribune, je veux dire merci à tous les pays sans exception, ainsi qu'aux Organisations internationales, sans oublier les organisations de la société civile et les journalistes de par le monde, qui se sont rapidement mobilisés pour faire échouer ce coup de force, permettant ainsi le retour à la normalité et á la légitimité.

Le peuple du Burkina me prie d'exprimer à vous tous, à vos Nations éprises de paix, sa profonde reconnaissance. Il vous demande de continuer à soutenir ses efforts pour travers la tenue d'élections libres et transparentes que nous allons bientôt organiser.

Monsieur le Président, Ayant suffisamment parlé de mon pays, je voudrais à présent considérer les grandes préoccupations de la vie internationale.

Et d'abord la conjoncture économique mondiale qui continue d'évoluer de façon défavorable et par conséquent nous interpelle, s'agissant plus particulièrement de notre engagement commun à éradiquer la pauvreté dans les pays en développement.

C'est l'évidence même que la réalisation des Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement est loin d'avoir relevé le défi, en dépit d'importants progrès accomplis par plusieurs Etats

33 membres de l'ONU. Il nous faut donc redoubler d'efforts et prendre des initiatives assez hardies pour l'amélioration des conditions de vie de nos populations.

«L'engagement en faveur de l'action» thème que nous avons retenu pour la présente session, nous invite à agir rapidement pour parvenir à des résultats tangibles sur la base de programmes ambitieux et pragmatiques.

Il est d'ailleurs intéressant de relever que dans cette perspective, le programme d'action adopté par la troisième Conférence internationale sur le financement du développement, que nous venons ensemble d'adopter.

Nous vous fé1icitons de ta tenue de cette conférence et fondons l'espoir que le consensus, forgé autour d'une nouvelle génération d'Objectifs de Développement Durable, sera porteur de bien-être social et économique en faveur de nos populations.

Les changements climatiques, qui constituent un des paramètres-clefs du développement, méritent une attention particulière. D'où l'importance cruciale de la Conférence des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques, qui se tiendra en d6cembre prochain Paris. Le pacte environnemental qui devrait en résulter, pourrait permettre de renforcer la protection de notre planète contre les catastrophes climatiques et les agressions environnementales découlant des abus de la société de consommation.

Monsieur le Président, En soixante-dix ans d'existence, les Nations Unies ont continué à l'avènement d'un monde de paix, d'un monde plus sécurisé.

Le Burkina réaffirme sa ferme volonté de contribuer résolument aux efforts de maintien de la paix dans le monde. Cet engagement se traduit déjà par notre présence active dans les opérations de paix, notamment en R ur du Mali, avec pour double mission, la sécurisation du territoire et la lutte contre le terrorisme.

Nous contribuons aux efforts de la Communauté internationale pour combattre le terrorisme et l'extrémisme violent, tant il est vrai que leur éradication nécessite une coalition mondiale.

Monsieur le Président, Sur la problématique du désarmement, il importe de poursuivre nos efforts, en vue de renforcer la confiance entre nos Etats. C'est cette confiance qui a facilité la conclusion de l'Accord du 14 juillet 2015 sur le nucléaire iranien, permettant ainsi de rassurer la communauté internationale quant h ses craintes légitimes concernant la prolifération nucléaire.

Nous encourageons les Etats membres des Nations Unies à ême manière, dans le sens de la résolution pacifique du conflit israélo-palestinien.

Concernant le Sahara occidental mon pays qui a toujours encouragé une solution politique négociée, réaffirme son adhésion à l'initiative du Royaume du Maroc pour un statut d'autonomie de la région du Sahara, comme alternative crédible et réaliste dans le dénouement de ce différend.

S'agissant des sanctions américaines contre Cuba, le Burkina Faso est pour la levée totale de l'embargo, en même temps qu'il salue les nouveaux développements positifs survenus entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis d'Amérique qui augurent une normalisation définitive des relations bilatérales entre les deux pays.

Monsieur le Président, Membre à part entière de notre commune organisation, le Burkina Faso souscrit aux réformes envisagées pour mieux rationnaliser le fonctionnement des Nations Unies et, s'agissant de la réforme du Conseil de sécurité, réitère son plein soutien à la position africaine, fondée sur le consensus d'Ezulwini et la déclaration de Syrte.

C'est toujours respectueux des idéaux des Nations Unies, fondus sur les principes de la coexistence pacifique, du dialogue et du règlement pacifique des différends que nous saluons et encourageons le rapprochement de vues entre la République Populaire de Chine et la République de Chine (Taïwan).

Avant de clore mon propos, je tiens ÿ saluer la solidarité internationale pour éradiquer la maladie à virus Ebola. Il est indispensable de ne pas relâcher la vigilance et d'intensifier la coopération internationale pour maintenir les résultats engrangés et permettre le relèvement des pays qui ont été durement éprouvés par cette maladie.

lidarité internationale et du dialogue entre les Nations continuent d'inspirer l'Organisation des Nations Unies, afin que nous relevions ensemble les défis de notre époque.

Avant de quitter cette tribune, les convenances et la gratitude commandent que je vous redise toute notre reconnaissance. Dans l'immense tache de construction d'une société internationale plus démocratique et plus humaine, vous trouverez toujours en avant-poste le Burkina Faso.

Le Burkina Faso qui vous redit son amitié. Le Burkina Faso qui vous redit simplement, grand merci.

BURUNDI

Joseph Butore, Vicepresidente de la República de Burundi

Excellence Monsieur Mogens Lykketoft, Président de la 70ème session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies, Excellences Mesdames, Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Excellence Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, Distingués délégués, Mesdames, Messieurs,

Nous voudrions d'abord rendre grâce à Dieu Tout Puissant qui nous a guidés tout au long de notre voyage, et qui continue d'être à nos côtés durant notre séjour à New York.

Permettez-nous de vous présenter les salutations fraternelles du peuple burundais et de Son Excellence Monsieur Pierre Nkurunziza, Président de la République du Burundi, qui nous a chargés de le représenter dans ces Assises.

Monsieur le Président, Nous saisissons cette opportunité pour vous adresser nos vives félicitations à l'occasion de votre élection à la présidence de la 70ème session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies, et de vous assurer tout le soutien de notre pays à l'accomplissement de votre noble mission.

Nous voudrions également féliciter Monsieur Sam Kahamba Kutesa, qui a présidé avec brio la 69ème session de l'Assemblée Générale de notre Organisation.

Nos remerciements s'adressent spécialement à Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, Secrétaire Général de l'ONU, pour les efforts louables qu'il ne cesse de déployer, pour que notre organisation commune atteigne davantage les objectifs et les idéaux que les Etats membres se sont fixés.

Monsieur le Président,

Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, Nous voudrions saluer la pertinence du thème choisi pour cette session du 70ème anniversaire de notre institution : «Une ONU forte pour un monde meilleur».

Nous vous assurons du soutien ferme de la République du Burundi dans la réalisation des trois priorités qui guideront votre action au cours de votre mandat et qui sont: l'engagement en faveur de l'action, une intensification des efforts de l'ONU, pour cimenter la paix et la sécurité internationales, et la réalisation d'avancées significatives en matière de droits humains.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, Comme d'aucuns le savent, le Burundi vient de traverser des moments qui ont suscité quelques interrogations parmi vous. Permettez-moi d'y revenir brièvement: le Burundi vient de terminer le processus électoral comme prévu par la Constitution de 2005 qui n'a connu aucune modification jusqu'à ce jour, contrairement à ce que certains veulent le faire croire. Le processus a été une grande réussite malgré les contestations violentes qui se sont vite transformées en un mouvement insurrectionnel dans quelques quartiers de la capitale Bujumbura.

Les élections se sont bien déroulés au Burundi, mais pendant leur préparation, au cours de leur déroulement et après, des actes de sabotages se sont manifestés, et le pays est devenu victime des machinations de certains politiciens dont le plan était simplement la déstabilisation des Institutions. Des enfants ont été utilisés comme soldats et boucliers humains, à qui I' on a distribué drogues, armes et explosifs afin de les amener à commettre des actes de vandalisme, des tueries et autres actes illustrant le terrorisme sur les places publiques. Nul n'ignore que l'utilisation des enfants à des fins militaires est un crime contre l'humanité.

Nous déplorons que tout cela se soit passé avec le soutien de certains pays, pour torpiller les efforts du gouvernement dans le rétablissement de la stabilité de notre pays.

Nous nous réjouissons de l'appui des Nations Unies apporté au processus électoral à travers la MENUB, dont les observateurs étaient déployés dans une bonne partie du pays.

Les décisions des cours constitutionnelles du Burundi et de la Communauté Est Africaine, confirmant la légalité de la candidature de Pierre Nkurunziza n'ont pas suffi pour arrêter le mouvement insurrectionnel initié par l'opposition et la société civile, ce qui a prouvé une fois de plus leur agenda caché de déstabilisation du pays. Et pourtant tout le monde le sait, l'interprétation des lois internes d'un pays, dont la Constitution, relève de ses instances judiciaires. Cela constitue par ailleurs le reflet de la souveraineté de tout pays indépendant.

Nous estimons que les Peuples de ce monde doivent être respectés dans leurs choix. Le Peuple burundais tout en restant réceptif aux conseils des amis, mérite le respect dans les choix qu'il vient d'effectuer au cours des récentes élections. Il ne demande pas plus.

Les instigateurs du mouvement insurrectionnel déjà évoqués étaient cautionnés par certains partis politiques sans assise populaire et qui par conséquent savaient à l'avance qu'ils allaient perdre les élections. Décidés donc de contourner la voie des urnes, ces partis politiques ne souhaitaient que des arrangements transitoires à l'image des négociations d'Arusha pour accéder au pouvoir.

Leur objectif était de semer le trouble pour justifier l'impossibilité d'organiser le processus électoral.

Quelques media étaient malheureusement de leur côté. Pour amplifier leur action; certaines organisations non-gouvernementales les soutenaient financièrement et moralement; au moment où quelques organisations de la société civile étaient parties prenantes.

Ce que l'on ignorait jusque-là, c'est que ce mouvement insurrectionnel était l'arbre qui cachait la forêt, à savoir le putsch manqué, qui était en préparation. Celui-ci était préparé de longue date par les mêmes acteurs, en collaboration avec certaines organisations de la société civile. La date du 13 mai 2015 restera gravée dans les mémoires des Burundais: Incapables de s'emparer des institutions de souveraineté, les mutins utiliseront quelques media locaux et internationaux pour annoncer à la Nation et à la face du monde qu'ils avaient déjà le contrôle de la Radio-Télévision Nationale, que !'Aéroport International et toutes les frontières du pays étaient fermés, que la Constitution était suspendue; bref, il s'agissait d'une véritable guerre médiatique qui ne reflétait aucune réalité sur terrain.

Le Gouvernement du Burundi apprécie à sa juste valeur le soutien de la Communauté Internationale et les Organisations régionales, ainsi que les forces loyalistes qui ont rapidement condamné cette tentative de Putsch, et qui ont appelé au respect de l'ordre constitutionnel.

Après l'échec du coup d'Etat, certains détracteurs ont pris la fuite vers l'un des pays voisins qui les héberge et leur facilite les campagnes de déstabilisation du pays. Le Burundi reste vigilant et condamne cette attitude inamicale qui va à l'encontre de la Charte des Nations Unies et d'autres instruments pertinents des organisations internationales et régionales dont nous sommes membres.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, Face à ces difficultés consécutives au putsch manqué, le Sommet des Chefs d'Etat de la Communauté Est Africaine a recommandé que les élections soient reportées, afin de permettre à tous les partis et acteurs politiques d'y participer dans de bonnes conditions. Le Burundi s'est ajusté à cette décision afin de couper court à tout prétexte pour en contester les résultats.

Les élections communales, législatives et présidentielles ont été ainsi reportées à deux reprises, mais les prolongations ne pouvaient pas aller au-delà des délais constitutionnels. Il fallait éviter à tout prix de tomber dans un vide constitutionnel.

Pour marquer l'avancée démocratique du Burundi, notre pays a introduit avec succès l'usage du bulletin de vote unique et le regroupement de plusieurs scrutins. Ainsi, après ce marathon électoral, des consultations entre les différentes forces politiques du pays ont permis de mettre en place les bureaux des deux chambres du Parlement, avec la participation du Leader historique de l'opposition, Monsieur Agathon Rwasa, Président de la Coalition Amizero y'Abarundi. Suite au dialogue interne, le nouveau Gouvernement a été nommé le 24 août 2015 et comprend 20 ministres dont cinq issus de l'opposition, et tout cela dans le strict respect de !'Accord d'Arusha et des équilibres constitutionnels.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs,

Après la page des élections, le Gouvernement du Burundi vient d'ouvrir une autre phase politique, celle du dialogue, un dialogue qui se veut inclusif, sincère et ouvert à toutes les thématiques.

Cette nouvelle page est déjà matérialisée par la mise en place de la Commission Nationale de Dialogue lnterburundais (CNDI) à travers le décret présidentiel du 23 septembre 2015. Sa mission principale est de conduire le processus de dialogue interburundais aussi bien à l'intérieur du pays qu'à l'extérieur, sur les thématiques en rapport notamment avec les questions sociale, politique, de consolidation de la paix, de la sécurité, du développement économique, des Accords d'Arusha, la Constitution, !'Accord global de cessezle-feu, la Charte de l'Unité Nationale, etc. A partir des grandes conclusions des débats qui seront menés, la Commission formulera des recommandations à l'endroit du Gouvernement, des partis politiques, de la société civile et des confessions religieuses en vue de se convenir sur les modifications à apporter aux textes fondamentaux pour l'intérêt général de tous les Burundais.

Concernant sa composition, la Commission sera constituée par 15 membres de nationalité burundaise nommés par décret dans le respect des équilibres constitutionnels. Nous profitons de cette occasion pour solliciter encore une fois le soutien de ce processus par les partenaires du Burundi, en commençant par les Nations Unies qui, ces derniers temps, nous ont fortement demandé d'organiser un dialogue véritablement inclusif dans le pays.

Il sied de rappeler, que ce cadre de dialogue intervient quelques mois après l'installation de la Commission Vérité et Réconciliation dont la principale mission est de faire la lumière sur les crises qui ont marqué le Burundi depuis son Indépendance.

Toujours dans l'optique de réinstaurer un bon climat de paix et de sécurité dans tout le pays, le Président de la République vient de poser un autre geste de bonne volonté en signant un décret qui permet aux détenteurs illégaux d'armes de les remettre volontairement dans un délai d'un mois sans crainte d'être poursuivis par les instances judiciaires. Notons que cette décision est aussi l'une des réponses à la recommandation des Sommets des Chefs d'Etat de la Communauté Est Africaine et de l'Union Africaine sur le désarmement.

Concernant les libertés des medias devenues une préoccupation pour certains, nous tenons à vous informer que c'est une question qui nous tient aussi à . Il importe cependant de ne pas mettre tous les medias dans le même sac. Sur une vingtaine de media privés opérationnels au Burundi, seules trois stations de radio et une radiotélévision font face à des investigations judiciaires sur leur rôle présumé dans le coup d'Etat manqué du 13 mai 2015, avant de décider de leur réouverture. Les autres medias, tant nationaux qu'internationaux, qui opèrent sur le territoire Burundais continuent d'émettre de manière permanente et sans difficultés. D'ailleurs, les medias occuperont une place de choix dans le dialogue interburundais qui va bientôt commencer.

S'agissant des personnes arrêtées au cours du mouvement insurrectionnel, ces dernières vont bénéficier d'une justice équitable, et auront le droit de défense. Il convient de souligner que les enfants mineurs enrôlés dans les violences de ce mouvement viennent de bénéficier d'une mesure de clémence. Seuls les responsables des infractions graves devront en répondre devant la justice.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, Sur le chapitre socio-économique, le Burundi a fait des progrès significatifs ces dernières années.

L'implication de la femme et de la fille dans la gestion du pays est aujourd'hui une réalité. En effet, la Constitution leur réserve un quota d'au moins 30 % dans les organes de prise de décision. Elles sont à 50% au Sénat, 36 % à l'Assemblée Nationale. Au Gouvernement, les femmes sont à la tête des ministères importants comme celui de la Santé, celui de l'Education, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique, de la Justice, du Commerce et du Développement Communal.

En ce qui concerne les femmes et les conflits armés, des progrès ont été réalisés au niveau des recrutements dans les forces de défense et de sécurité, ce qui favorise leur participation effective aux missions de maintien de la paix.

Dans le domaine de l'éducation, la gratuité des frais de scolarité a permis à l'enseignement primaire de réaliser son ambition d'avoir le nombre de filles égal à celui de garçons. Cette politique introduite en 2005, par l'approche des travaux communautaires, a également

42 associé les efforts de la population dans la construction des infrastructures scolaires, et cela a permis d'atteindre en 2014 un taux de scolarisation de 96 % contre 59,5 % en 2005.

Au niveau du secteur de la santé, la gratuité des soins de santé pour les enfants de moins de 5 ans et les femmes en couche a réduit le taux de mortalité des enfants de moins de 5 ans, de 119 décès pour 1.000 naissances en 2005 jusqu'à 94 décès pour 1.000 enfants en 2014; tandis que le taux de mortalité des enfants à la naissance a été réduit de 910 décès pour 100.000 naissances jusqu'à 740 décès pour 100.000 naissances la même période.

Au niveau des infrastructures de transports, les routes reliant toutes les provinces du pays sont actuellement asphaltées, à l'exception de celle d'une seule province pour laquelle les travaux sont en cours.

Parmi les réformes importantes opérées ces dernières années, il y a lieu de mentionner la canalisation de toutes les recettes à travers la mise en place de l'Office Burundais des Recettes (OBR), une réforme qui nous a conduits à une gouvernance fiscale fiable et canonisée avec la Communauté Est Africaine.

En vertu des performances atteintes dans la réalisation des OMO, nous entrons avec confiance dans l'ère des Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD). Nous sommes déterminés à mettre en , dans le court comme dans le long terme, toutes les politiques susceptibles de juguler la pauvreté dans notre pays.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, Au niveau régional, le Burundi continuera à travailler aux côtés d'autres pays pour mieux répondre aux objectifs sécuritaires définis dans les textes qui fondent la Communauté Economique des Pays des Grands Lacs, la Communauté Est Africaine, la Conférence Internationale sur la Région des Grands Lacs, et bien d'autres.

Sur le plan international, le Burundi a pris l'engagement de poursuivre l' de solidarité internationale entreprise, depuis près d'une décennie, de participer dans les opérations de maintien de la paix, partout où nous sommes sollicités.

C'est dans cette perspective que nous n'avons pas reculé devant l'invitation d'aider nos frères et de la Somalie à retrouver leur dignité, en envoyant nos troupes en Somalie à l'aube des opérations de l'Union Africaine, faisant du Burundi le 2ème grand contributeur de troupes dans ce pays. Nos braves hommes et femmes contribuent également avec brio dans les opérations de maintien de la Paix en République Centrafricaine, au Darfour au Soudan, en Côte d'ivoire et en Haïti.

C'est avec un esprit de partenariat et de coopération mutuellement bénéfique que nous poursuivrons nos engagements dans ces opérations de maintien de la Paix où nous sommes impliqués, mais aussi dans les différents fora internationaux où le Burundi a un mot à dire pour construire un monde de plus en plus solidaire, et de plus en plus juste, un monde où les Etats se respectent dans leur égale souveraineté.

Le Burundi souhaite toutefois que les Nations Unies et les autres partenaires renforcent davantage l'appui aux pays contributeurs de troupes pour permettre une réponse rapide et efficace.

S'agissant de la lutte contre le terrorisme, le Burundi fait siennes toutes les stratégies visant l'éradication de cette grande menace, et réaffirme sa volonté de rester aux côtés de la Communauté Internationale dans ce combat commun. Nous soutenons la mise en intégrale de la résolution 1540 du Conseil de Sécurité, pour empêcher notamment que les acteurs non étatiques s'emparent des matières nucléaires biologiques, chimiques ou autres pour commettre des actes terroristes.

Concernant les changements climatiques, le Burundi est fermement engagé avec tous les autres partenaires internationaux, bilatéraux et multilatéraux, à relever le défi. Il est partisan d'un nouvel élan politique de nature à apporter une solution rapide aux problèmes liés aux changements climatiques. C'est pourquoi le Burundi attend beaucoup de la Conférence des Etats Parties à la Convention Cadre des Nations Unies sur le Changement Climatique, prévue à Paris, en décembre 2015.

En ce qui concerne la question de la réforme du Conseil de Sécurité, notre pays s'inscrit dans la logique de la recherche d'une solution globale ayant un large consensus entre les Etats membres des Nations Unies, et qui favorise la préservation des intérêts communs de nos Etats et des intérêts durables de notre organisation. C'est la raison pour laquelle le

Burundi souhaite que les décisions relatives à cette importante question reflètent les positions des différents Etats et organisations continentales dans lesquels ils sont regroupés.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames, Messieurs, En définitive, pour nous, comme pour les autres pays en développement, nous demandons un appui plus substantiel de l'ONU et de nos partenaires pour faire encore plus de progrès dans le cadre de l'Agenda Post-2015.

De notre côté, nous sommes engagés à nous approprier de l'agenda, de la base au plus haut sommet de l'Etat, pour le bénéfice de la communauté tant nationale qu'internationale.

Enfin, le Burundi souhaite que la Région des Grands Lacs se stabilise sur base du principe de la non ingérence dans les affaires intérieures des autres pays, et largement du respect des engagements pris dans le cadre des organisations régionales, qui prônent toutes, la paix et la sécurité comme fondement de tout développement.

Longue vie à la famille des Nations Unies, Je vous remercie de votre aimable écoute.

CABO VERDE

José Maria Pereira Neves, Primer Ministro de la República de Cabo Verde

Mr. President of the General Assembly, Ladies and gentlemen,

First of all, allow me to ask the indulgence of this distinct audience to address my greetings, on behalf of all Cape-Verdeans, to the distinguished Delegates to this 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly of the United Nations, as well as add our voice to all statements made here, which call for the building of a Better World.

This session provides us with the opportunity, as we celebrate the anniversary of the UN with pride and joy, to engage in a critical and concrete reflection on the future of humanity and the challenges faced by the United Nations. Therefore, the theme chosen for this Session could not be more timely and pressing- The United Nations at 70: the Road ahead for Peace, Security and Human Rights."

Seven decades after the signing of the San Francisco Charter, it is incumbent on us to examine the progress made so that we can envision new actions for our Organization in order to grow in strength, unity, and capacity as to overcome the challenges to international peace and security, as well as, make more concrete contributions to a more just, equitable, sustainable, and solidary world. Cabo Verde, which also celebrates the 40th Anniversary of its National Independence this year, is among the countries that believe in the fundamental principles and goals of such framework and defend the preservation of these pillars, which continue to be critical and current for United Nations actions and serve as crucial tools with which to build a common future.

We underline the crucial importance of proceeding with UN reforms for the road ahead and appeal for constructive negotiations among the various Member States towards the

46 revitalization of the powers of the General Assembly and an understanding regarding an enlargement of the United Nations Security Council membership, which in our view should reflect the changes that have occurred in the world, with a more equitable and appropriate representation.

It was with great satisfaction that we participated at the United Nations Summit for the Adoption of the post-2015 Development Agenda, which began this past September 25th. We take this opportunity to again declare Cabo Verde's adherence to the principles contained in the 2030 Agenda and our full agreement with respect to the Sustainable Development Goals. The poorest and most vulnerable nations legitimately aspire to development, and we must all commit to achieving the goals that are being established for 2030.

With regard to the Small Island Developing States specificities, which is the case of Cabo Verde, some essential elements will have to be considered, namely the threat to their survival as a result of climate changes; their particular vulnerability to natural disasters; the risks of losing their biodiversity; the reduced size of their markets; the high costs of transportation and energy; and their difficulties in accessing financing.

For all these reasons, they deserve special attention from the United Nations System in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is a source of hope for billions of human beings who aspire a more just, equitable, and inclusive world. The will to place people at the center of development means that we must find appropriate instruments and a consistent practice in a sustainable environmental framework.

In light of the unequivocal correlation between sustainable development and climate change, Cabo Verde, as other small and vulnerable countries, hopes that the expressions of intents and declarations translate into tangible commitments that lead to the reduction of greenhouse-effect gas emissions but also provide a balanced treatment for the issues of adaptation and mitigation. Meanwhile, the New Agreement that is expected to be signed in Paris must not fail to properly frame the inevitable issues of "Losses and Damages," development and technology transfer, capacity development, as well as a clear and predictable definition of financial support for the most vulnerable nations.

We are firmly committed to accepting our responsibilities and making our contributions in this domain. In Cabo Verde, we have already established the goal of 100% renewable energy in our grid and are on our way to achieving it with international cooperation and United Nations monitoring. At this time, we have approximately 30% of penetration and believe that we will exceed 50% by 2020.

We cannot but express our consternation regarding the serious cases of Human Rights violations in different parts of the world. Unfortunately, after almost seventy years since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, humanity is yet to fulfill the promises made and the hopes that led to the adoption of this foundational document.

Cabo Verde is proud to be a benchmark in terms of liberties, democracy, rule of law, promotion and protection of human rights and promotion of human dignity.

Peace and Security, together with political stability, are essential ingredients for the foundations of development and the well-being of our populations. Thus, we are increasingly concerned about the proliferation of existing conflicts and tensions in Africa and the Middle East, resulting in thousands of refugees who, driven by total desperation in search of better living conditions, find death instead and expose a problem that has deep economic, social, political, environmental, and humanitarian roots and ramifications. This global refugee problem and, I would say, this great challenge for humanity, require a firm engagement of all.

The scourge and stigma of war not only affect the well-being of the populations in their territories but also create instability, disrupting the development of entire regions equally. Cabo Verde joins those who claim for the rapid settlement of the conflicts based on a combination of efforts and respect for International Law and, in particular, the 1951 Refugee Convention and its Protocols.

The situation in the Middle East continues to deteriorate with no end in sight for the various conflicts that sweep the region, and the violations of human rights by the actors in the conflict in Syria, as well as the atrocities that are being perpetrated in the territories under the control of terrorist factions and religious fundamentalists are a major cause of concern. The United Nations must redouble its efforts to reach a negotiated solution for this and other conflicts that corrupt the sense of humanity in our planet.

Terrorism urges the International Community to increase its efforts in combating this phenomenon and extremism in all forms and expressions. We firmly condemn all forms of terrorism and, in particular, the barbaric actions of extremist groups in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa.

As an archipelago nation, the sea plays a crucial role in the history, identity, and subsistence of the Cape-Verdean people, providing vital natural resources and serving as a connection among the ten islands that form the archipelago of Cabo Verde. As a Small Island Developing State, Cabo Verde relies on the partnership of the International Community to face maritime security challenges, namely those posed by trafficking and its related crimes, as well as the preservation and management of our seas.

I would also like to bring to this august Assembly's attention that, in September of 2014, in an exemplary action of regional cooperation, seven West African States, including Cabo Verde, submitted a joint request to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for the establishment of the outer limits of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles pursuant to Article 76 of the United Nations Conventions on the Law of the Sea. Last August, we had the opportunity to make a technical presentation to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf and expect a favorable response to the submission soon.

Cabo Verde also welcomes this General Assembly's decision to establish a Preparatory Committee for the development of a legally binding International Convention on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond the national jurisdiction of the States.

The world has great and renewed expectations for the role of the United Nations Organization in maintaining international peace and security but also in promoting development and creating a more prosperous and solidary international society, reducing injustice and iniquity, combating poverty, promoting human rights and combating the effects of climate changes.

We do indeed believe that the United Nations is essential. A more sustainable world living in peace and security is possible!

Thank you very much for your attention.

CHAD

Moussa Faki Mahamat, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores y de Integración Africana de la República de Chad

Mesdames, Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Monsieur le Président, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général, Mesdames, Messieurs,

II y a quinze ans, nous avions salué à l'unanimité l'adoption de la « Déclaration » et des « Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement », comme la réponse la plus appropriée aux problèmes de pauvreté auxquels beaucoup de nos pays sont confrontés.

Avec l'adoption du Programme de développement pour l'après 2015, la 70ème Session de l'Assemblée Générale vient nouveau de confirmer la d6termination des Etats du monde vouloir inverser la courbe de la pauvreté, en recherchant de nouvelles voies et des moyens ad6quats pour promouvoir le dé Programme passera par les réponses appropriées que nous aurons à trouver ensemble aux nombreux défis mondiaux du moment.

Pour beaucoup de pays d'Afrique, cette réussite est fortement tributaire de leur situation sécuritaire et de leur capacité à financer leurs Plans et Stratégies de développement.

Ceux-ci sont contrariés quotidiennement par les crises que traversent les Etats, le terrorisme et la chute des prix de leurs produits d'exportation. Le succè nouveau Programme de développement sera également fonction de la solidarité des pays développés à l'égard des pays en voie de développement, en termes de financement effectif.

C'est pourquoi, nos attentes de voir appliquer les conclusions de la Conférence d'Addis- Abeba sur le financement du développement restent toujours fortes.

Mesdames, Messieurs, Le thème de cette session, « les 70 ans de l'Organisation des Nations Unies : la voie à suivre pour la pai×, la sécurité et les Droits de l'Homme », nous amène à mettre au centre de notre débat général la problématique de la résolution des défis auxquels notre Organisation est actuellement confrontée. Parmi les plus épineux figurent les conflits armés, le terrorisme et la migration.

L'Afrique est sans conteste l'un des épicentres de tous ces mouvements, au regard des multiples tragédies qui s'y déroulent.

La République Centrafricaine par exemple, ou les affrontements particulièrement sanglants de ces derniers jours viennent remettre en cause les quelques acquis patiemment obtenus durant la transition. La Communauté internationale ne doit pas baisser les bras et doit impérativement aider ce pays sortir de cette phase, en fournissant l'appui budgétaire nécessaire à la tenue d'élections dans les délais fixés.

Dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad, les activités terroristes perpétrées quasi quotidiennement par la secte Boko Haram sur les pays de la sous-région, n'ont pas cessé, et ce, malgré les pertes considérables qu'elle a subies lors des opérations militaires menées par la coalition de leurs armées.

Une Force Mixte Multinationale est mise sur pied par les pays de la Commission du Bassin du Lac Tchad, afin de mettre fin aux exactions de cette secte maléfique.

Nous restons confiants qu'avec l'intensification de cette coopération militaire nous parviendrons à l'éradication définitive de cette secte. Mais nous attendons aussi des Nations Unies et de tous nos partenaires qu'ils apportent un soutien matériel, financier et logistique a cette Force.

Outre les actions militaires, ces pays ont décidé d'adopter un programme d'urgence de développement en faveur des populations vulnérables, afin de lutter contre les causes profondes de l'insécurité liées à la pauvreté. Cette initiative originale des Pays de la Commission du Bassin du Lac Tchad représente un apport déterminant aux efforts de paix et de la sécurité dans la région et mérite d'être soutenue.

Au Mali, les Accords de paix signés récemment à Alger et qui devaient faire de ce pays le havre de paix et de tolérance qu'il a toujours été, sont mis à rude épreuve par les groupes armés, malgré la présence des Forces internationales. Le Tchad exhorte les parties à la sagesse et au respect de leurs

En Libye, la présence de nombreux éléments liés à l'Etat Islamique vient contribuer à la déliquescence continue de ce pays; de même qu'elle constitue une source supplémentaire d'inquiétude, voire de déstabilisation pour toute l'Afrique et en particulier pour les pays voisins, dont le Tchad. Aussi, demandons-nous instamment l'arrét des violences et la mise en place d'une Gouvernement d'Union Nationale.

ôtés d'un certain nombre de pays africains, au règlement de la guerre fratricide qui s'y déroule. Les acteurs politiques doivent se surpasser pour se consacrer uniquement à la construction de leur jeune Etat.

L'IGAD et le Comité ad hoc chargé de l'appuyer dans la médiation, doivent continuer à faire preuve d'autorité et de cohésion pour favoriser une solution pérenne à cette crise terrifiante.

Au Soudan, nous soutenons la tenue du Dialogue national prévu le mois prochain et appelons toute la classe politique et tous les groupes armés à y prendre part.

Mesdames et Messieurs, La plupart des crises africaines sont nées ou ont prospéré sur le sous-développement. C'est pour cette raison que plusieurs initiatives ont été lancées, dont la Stratégie Intégrée des Nations Unies pour le Sahel de 2013. Celle-ci a suscité de grands espoirs pour les Etats de la région, confrontés au double défi de l'insécurité et du sous-développement. II est à déplorer cependant que les annonces faites dans le cadre de cette stratégie tardent à se matérialiser.

Dans le reste du monde, le conflit israélo-palestinien demeure irrésolu, perpétuant les souffrances du peuple palestinien et surmonter les obstacles psychologiques en favorisant la création d'un Etat palestinien viable, vivant en paix avec Israël. L'implantation hier du drapeau palestinien dans

enceinte même des Nations Unies est, nous l'espérons, une étape importante dans la recherche de solution pacifique à ce conflit aussi vieux que notre Organisation.

A cet interminable conflit israélo-palestinien s'ajoutent les crises particulièrement violentes en Irak, en Syrie et au Yémen. La Communauté internationale doit se surpasser pour aider tous ces pays à sortir de ces tragédies dont les multiples conséquences se font ressentir, non seulement au Moyen- Orient, mais également dans le reste du monde.

La paix et la sécurité internationales sont sérieusement menacées par ce qui se passe maintenant dans cette partie du monde. Le radicalisme religieux et le terrorisme ont trouvé un terreau extrêmement fertile à leur expansion.

Mesdames, Messieurs; Les situations de crises que nous venons de relever ont amplement contribué à l'éclosion du terrorisme et à la constitution des groupes criminels de tout genre. Ce terrorisme qui n'épargne aucun Continent et aucune Communauté, est en passe de devenir une gangrène mondiale.

La violence extrême exercée sur des paisibles populations, en prenant pour prétexte des considérations religieuses ou doctrinaires, est totalement contraire aux principes de droit international, aux droits humains et aux préceptes religieux.

En Afrique, les Etats aux prises avec le terrorisme sont contraints de consacrer l'essentiel de leurs ressources aux dépenses de sécurité, au détriment du développement économique et social.

Le Tchad mon pays est dans cette situation, lui qui été récemment victime de ce fléau avec la mort de pros d'une centaine de personnes fauchées par des attentats terroristes dans la Capitale et dans les iles du Lac Tchad.

II paie ainsi son engagement contre les groupes terroristes au Mali et au Nigeria auxquels il a infligé de lourdes pertes. Mais le Tchad ne pliera pas. II poursuivra sans relâche sa traque des groupes terroristes.

Nous souhaitons seulement de nos partenaires qu'ils nous fournissent des appuis concrets, aussi bien techniques que matériels, pour nous permettre de donner la riposte qu'il faut á cette guerre sans visage.

Mesdames et Messieurs, La capacité de nuisance transnationale des groupes terroristes et extrémistes implique une réponse collective et adaptée. La voie à suivre pour combattre ensemble le terrorisme est la mutualisation de nos moyens et nos stratégies de riposte, à travers l'intensification de la coopération régionale et internationale.

A cet égard, nous proposons que l'année 2016 soit déclarée « Année de lutte contre le terrorisme ». Elle sera l'occasion de réfléchir sereinement aux causes profondes de ce phénomène, aux stratégies et moyens et de le contenir et à terme, de l'éliminer.

La multiplication et la gravité des crises a également créé un phénoméne d'une ampleur sans précèdent dans le monde, la migration. En effet, le monde assiste depuis quelques mois une expansion inattendue du phénomène de la migration internationale.

Ses conséquences sont dramatiques sur des centaines de milliers de femmes et d'enfants qui recherchent désespérément des horizons meilleurs.

La Communauté internationale ne pourra mettre fin à cette migration que si des solutions appropriées sont trouvées à ses origines et à ses causes profondes, notamment la résolution des conflits, radication de la pauvreté, dans les pays de départ.

Mesdames, Messieurs, Nous devons également trouver des solutions pour ces milliers de réfugiés et de déplacés à travers le monde. Ils ont aussi besoin de notre aide. Le Tchad est le 2ème pays africain par le nombre des réfugiés, des retournés et des déplacés sur son territoire, estimés à plus de 500.000.

Ils viennent des régions frontalières du Tchad, notamment le Darfour soudanais, la République Centrafricaine, le Nigéria et la Libye. Ils vivent dans des conditions environnementales et humanitaires difficiles.

Je voudrais, une fois encore, saisir cette occasion pour remercier tous les pays amis et surtout le Bureau de Coordination des Affaires Humanitaires des Nations Unies et l'Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations pour l'appui qu'ils apportent à ces personnes nécessiteuses et pour le plaidoyer qu'ils font en faveur de nos pays.

Notre monde est confronté depuis peu à une menace rampante, le changement climatique, qui fera l'objet d'une grande conférence à Paris le mois prochain. Le Tchad sera activement présent à cette Conférence, car il est une des grandes victimes de la dégradation climatique.

Pays sahélien, menacé par la sècheresse et la désertification, assistant impuissant à 'assèchement progressif du Lac Tchad, nous souhaitons vivement que les négociations aboutissent un Accord, synonyme d'espoir de sauvegarde de notre planète, mais aussi du Lac Tchad en péril.

Mesdames et Messieurs, La célébration du 70ème anniversaire des Nations Unies coïncide avec un événement heureux dont la délégation tchadienne se félicite : c'est la normalisation des relations entre les Etats-Unis et Cuba. Nous saluons le courage dont les dirigeants des deux pays ont fait montre pour parvenir à ce résultat.

Nous les exhortons à continuer dans la vole du dialogue la levée complète et définitive de l'embargo qui a frappé si injustement Cuba depuis des décennies et qui permettra à ce pays de retrouver toute la place qu'il mérite dans le concert des Nations.

Avant de terminer mon propos, Monsieur le Président, la délégation tchadienne voudrait par ma voix, vous féliciter pour votre élection et remercier prédécesseur pour le travail remarquable qu'il accompli. Nous saluons et tendons hommage au Secrétaire Général de notre Organisation, pour son investissement personnel et constant dans la recherche de la paix et de la sécurité dans le monde.

Je souhaite que ce débat général soit couronné de succès et surtout par une plus grande prise de conscience de nos responsabilités individuelles et collectives; qu'il conduise l'humanité á la paix, á la sécurité, à stabilité et & la prospérité. Je vous remercie.

COMORAS

Ikililou Dhoinine, Presidente de las Unión de Comoras

Excellence Monsieur le Président de la Soixante-dixième Assemblée Général des Nations Unies, Excellence Monsieur le Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, Chers Collègues, Mesdames et Messieurs,

Prenant la parole pour la dernière fois, devant cette auguste Assemblée, en tant que Président de l'Union des Comores, après cinq ans d'exercice, je voudrais m'acquitter d'un devoir, celui de vous transmettre un message de solidarité du Peuple Comorien.

Je voudrais ensuite, au nom du Gouvernement comorien ainsi qu'en mon nom personnel, adresser nos sincères remerciements au Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, Son Excellence Ban Ki-Moon, et à tous ceux qui ont contribué à ce que notre séjour, ici à New York, soit si chaleureux, notamment, les autorités américaines.

Je voudrais, enfin, vous féliciter, Monsieur le Président, pour votre élection à la tête de notre Soixante-dixième Assemblée Générale, dont l'importance n'est pas à démontrer.

Excellences, Mesdames et Messieurs, Notre Session s'ouvre à un moment crucial du développement de , depuis l'apparition de l'Homme sur Terre.

Dans la longue suite des temps, nous sommes en effet les premières générations, trois millions d'années peut-être, après l'apparition de nos lointains ancêtres, à prendre conscience des lois physiques qui nous gouvernent et des méfaits de l'utilisation irrationnelle des ressources naturelles.

Comme en 1918, Mesdames et Messieurs, après la Grande Guerre, cette horreur incomparable et comme en 1945 après la victoire contre le fascisme cette idéologie avilissante, mais aussi aux années 90, face h l'absurde et folle course aux armements à destruction massive; aujourd'hui comme hier, rien ne nous empêche d'unir nos forces pour lutter efficacement contre la pollution et la pauvreté.

Nous, Dirigeants du Monde, conscients de la responsabilité qui est la nôtre face au désastre annoncé, devons ici et maintenant, travailler rationnellement pour sauver l'Humanité, et nous en sommes capables.

C'est maintenant que nous devons profiter de ce cadre international, sans précédent, pour mobiliser les efforts de tous les pays, pour rendre notre planète durable et équitable avant 2030, dans un programme plus qu'ambitieux.

Ainsi, au moment où notre Assemblée Générale vient d'adopter l'Agenda de développement durable; horizon 2030, je voudrais saluer le travail remarquable et consistent accompli sous l'impulsion du Secrétaire General de notre Organisation.

L'Union des Comores, mon pays, souscrit entièrement à l'Agenda ainsi fixé, qui consolide les acquis des OMD, tout en ouvrant une nouvelle ère, à travers dix-sept Objectifs de Développement Durables, pour les quinze prochaines années.

Nous devons, ainsi, nous engager à mettre fin définitivement à la pauvreté sous toutes ses formes, éradiquer la faim, promouvoir agriculture durable pour garantir la sécurité alimentaire, garantir la bonne santé et promouvoir le bien-être de tous.

Nous devons, également, garantir une éducation de qualité sans exclusion, promouvoir des possibilités d'apprentissage tout au long de la vie, pour tous et assurer ité entre les sexes ainsi que l'autonomisation de toutes les femmes.

Notre devoir est aussi d'assurer la disponibilité, la gestion durable et l'assainissement de l'eau pour tous, et de garantir également l'accès à une énergie propre, abordable et durable, afin de promouvoir une croissance économique soutenue.

Pour cela, il convient d'entamer immédiatement, dans plusieurs pays, des grands chantiers pour construire des infrastructures résilientes, promouvoir une industrialisation durable et sans exclusion, et encourager l'innovation partout, pour réduire les inégalités au sein et entre les pays.

Nous ne pouvons pas imaginer l'épanouissement de l'Homme sur Terre sans agir d'urgence pour lutter contre le changement climatique et ses impacts en préservant et en utilisant de manière durable les océans, les mers et les ressources marines pour le développement durable.

C'est ainsi que nous promouvrons une utilisation durable des écosystèmes terrestres, gérerons les forêts de manière durable, lutterons contre la désertification, stopperons et combattrons la dégradation des terres et mettrons fin à la perte de la biodiversité.

Ii nous faudra trouver les voies et moyens de continuer à consolider la paix dans le monde, dans le cadre du développement durable, permettre un accès à la justice pour tous et, mettre en place des institutions efficaces, responsables, à tous les niveaux.

Nous devons, enfin, bâtir un monde sans pauvreté, sans inégalités, un monde durable à travers une nouvelle feuille de route qui sauvera l'Humanité. Osons, alors, nous assigner des objectifs ambitieux parce que notre propre survie en dépend.

Honorable assistance, Comme je l'ai souligné plus haut, nous sommes face à une situation semblable à celle que nos très proches ancêtres ont vécue avec tristesse et souffrance mais contre laquelle ils ont lutté jusqu'à remporter la victoire, j'ai nommé l'esclavagisme, ce système qui a failli exterminer une grande partie de l'Humanité, tout simplement parce qu'une partie d'elle s'est crue supérieure h routes les autres.

Nous sommes face à une situation presque similaire à celle qu'ont connu nos pays pendant les deux guerres mondiales, mais contre lesquelles nos peuples ont donne leur vie avec courage et témérité, jusqu'à la victoire finale pour sauver l'Humanité du chaos.

Nous sommes face aux interrogations légitimes que se sont posées nos ancêtres lorsque durant un demi-siècle ils ont assisté impuissants h la course aux armements qui conduisait l'Humanité, inéluctablement, à sa propre perte mais que le bon sens a fini par stopper.

Nous sommes face à une situation semblable à celle qu'ont affrontée la presque totalité des Etats africains dont le mien, qui ont subi durant des décennies, les méfaits du colonialisme mais contre lequel les Peuples vaillants de l'Afrique, de l'Amérique latine et de l'Asie ont combattu jusqu'à acquérir leur souveraineté, l'indépendance de leurs territoires et sauver l'Humanité de l'indignité, de la décadence et de la méprise.

Aujourd'hui, Mesdames et Messieurs, le monde suit en direct les conséquences de ces guerres qui poussent des millions d'hommes, des femmes et des enfants à quitter leur patrie, à bord d'embarcations de fortune, pour se réfugier et vivre dans des conditions inhumaines et parfois même, rester en errance.

Si nous rajoutons à cela les actes barbares perpétrés par des mouvements terroristes qui se multiplient partout dans le monde notamment en Afrique, il est temps à ce que la Communauté Internationale, d'une seule voix, avec la plus grande fermeté et détermination, dise « plus jamais ça ».

Monsieur le Secrétaire Général, Dans un monde complètement démuni où chaque nation doit prendre part à la défense de la Sécurité Internationale, comment pouvons-nous, dans un petit pays, comme le mien, participer à ce combat, si en même temps nous devons être sur le front, pour défendre notre dignité bafouée par une puissance, « Membre Permanent du Conseil de Sécurité » de notre Organisation, dont le rôle principal est de veiller au respect des normes de droit international?

Je dois souligner que l'Union des Comores est le seul pays au monde qui, lors de son accession à l'indépendance, n'a pas eu droit au respect du droit. En effet, contrairement à toutes les anciennes colonies, l'archipel des Comores compose des iles de Mayotte, Anjouan, Mohéli et Grande Comore, et qui fur admis à l'ONU comme Etat indépendant, Sujet de droit international, est amputé d'une partie de son territoire par l'ancienne puissance coloniale, la France, au mépris de toutes les normes et principes qui régissent les relations internationales.

Rappelez-vous, Mesdames et Messieurs, que contre la volonté du Peuple comorien, la France a opposé son veto et continue à exercer son pouvoir sur notre territoire.

Aujourd'hui, face à ce qui se passe en Europe de l'Est, on se demande quel sens donne l'Union Européenne au respect du droit international, en acceptant l'île comorienne de Mayotte comme Région Ultrapériphérique Européenne, au mépris des résolutions pertinentes de l'Union Africaine, de la Ligue des Etats Arabes, de l'Organisation de la Coopération Islamique et du Mouvement des Non-Alignés ?

Mesdames et Messieurs, Lors de nos précédentes sessions, j'ai informé cette auguste Assemblée, qu'avec le Président François Hollande à Paris, nous avons signé une Déclaration Politique qui nous permet d'espérer qu'au niveau bilatéral nous trouvions une solution qui rende aux Comoriens leur dignité.

Malheureusement, à ce jour, la partie française refuse d'admettre à ce que tous les Comoriens, quelle qu le dont ils sont originaires, puissent circuler librement chez eux.

Des familles séparées, des enfants mineurs abandonnés, des déplacements des populations dans des embarcations de fortune, comme ce qui se passe exactement en mer méditerranéenne, font que je vous exhorte, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général, à exiger l'application du droit international comme la France le réclame, à juste titre, et à chaque fois que les normes qui régissent la vie internationale sont transgressées.

Certes le Haut Conseil Paritaire institué entre la France et les Comores a pour objectif principal de faciliter le dialogue bilatéral et recréer cette confiance qui avait disparu entre les deux pays.

Cependant, force est de constater que la mission principale qui lui est assigné, celle de faciliter la circulation des biens et des personnes, n'a toujours pas été accomplie.

Ainsi, en continuant de faire fi du droit international sur la question de l'ile comorienne de Mayotte, la France ne permet pas d'enregistrer les avancés escomptées, dans ce dialogue engagé entre les deux parties.

C'est pourquoi, du haut de cette tribune, je lance à nouveau un appel aux autorités françaises pour qu'ensemble nous trouvions les moyens de mettre fin aux drames humains qui endeuillent chaque jour des familles comoriennes.

Je m'adresse aussi à la Communauté des Nations que Vous êtes, pour que vous fassiez appliquer le droit international afin que soit trouvé un règlement définitif à ce différend.

Avec la volonté politique, rien n'est impossible. Je me félicite, d'ailleurs, du fait que la Palestine ait enfin pu hisser son drapeau aux Nations Unies.

Je salue ensuite le fait que Cuba et les Etats Unis d'Amérique aient pu prouver, que même après un demi-siècle de conflits, les Etats peuvent trouver les formules adaptées, pour sortir de l'impasse et envisager un avenir serein pour leurs peuples.

Je me réjouis, enfin, de l'accord historique conclu entre l'Iran et les pays du P5+1 sur le nucléaire, et qui augure ation internationale plus sereine.

Honorable assistance, Mesdames et Messieurs, Dans quelques mois, après cinq ans d'exercice d'une présidence tournante qui a échu à l'ile de Mohéli, un comorien de File de la Grande Comore me succèdera, conformément à notre Constitution.

Dans ce processus démocratique électoral engagé, je fais appel à l'accompagnement de la communauté internationale et des amis des Comores pour la victoire de notre jeune démocratie.

Je fais appel également à vous tous, pour qu'au-delà des échéances électorales programmées, vous accompagniez notre pays, sur la voie de la stabilité, du développement et du bien-être du peuple comorien.

Mesdames et Messieurs, A l'heure où mon pays s'apprête à amorcer, après quarante ans d'indépendance, la deuxième phase de son histoire, je reste confiant que le prochain Président des Comores pourra dire du haut de cette tribune des pays libres: « la colonisation, sont désormais acquises »

Je reste également confiant que mon successeur pourra dire, du haut de cette tribune des pays libres: « ses principaux objectifs inscrits dans notre Charte commune ».

Je reste enfin confiant qu'un Président Comorien pourra dire à ses compatriotes des quatre iles: « L'heure est venue pour nous tous, de nous atteler ensemble à l'édification de notre pays, libre, ouvert et prospère, confiant en son avenir et en son destin de peuple ».

Je vous remercie.

CONGO

Jean Claude Gakosso, Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores y de la Cooperación de la República del Congo

Monsieur le Président de l'Assemblée générale, Monsieur le Secrétaire général de l'Organisation des Nations Unies, Excellences Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Distingués Délégués, Mesdames, Messieurs,

Son Excellence Monsieur Denis Sassou-Nguesso, Président de la République du Congo, m'a fait le grand honneur de le représenter à cette auguste assemblée. En son nom et au nom de la délégation qui m'accompagne je voudrais saisir cette occasion solennelle pour adresser mes sincères félicitations à Son Excellence Monsieur Mongens Lykketoft, pour sa brillante élection de la présidence de la 70ème session ordinaire de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies.

Qu'il me soit permis, par la même occasion, de rendre un vibrant hommage à son prédécesseur, Son Excellence Monsieur Sam Kahamba Kutesa, pour son leadership.

Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, Secrétaire général des Nations Unies, dont nous reconnaissons engagement infaillible dans la conduite des affaires de notre Organisation, je renouvelle le soutien indéfectible de mon pays, la République du Congo. Pour tes efforts qu'il ne cesse de consentir pour l'instauration d'un monde placé sous l'empire de la paix, de la liberté, de la démocratie et du développement pour tous.

Monsieur le Président, En créant les Nations Unies, les Pères fondateurs entendaient non seulement « préserver les générations futures du fléau de la guerre », mais aussi, et c'est ce que dit la Charte de San Francisco - favoriser le progrès social et instaurer de meilleures conditions de vie pour la multitude.

En 70 arts, de formidables progrès humains couplés à de spectaculaires avancées scientifiques et technologiques dans divers domaines ont ouvert à l'humanité des perspectives inespérées. La soif de démocratie et de liberté a conquis tous les peuples. De nombreuses Bastilles ont été prises d'assaut et des « murs » du totalitarisme se sont effondrés. Nombreux sont des pays qui, comme le mien, ont pu jouir, dès le début des années-60, de l'imprescriptible droit à l'autodétermination, s'affranchissant du joug colonial et intégrant la famille des peuples libres, ici même, dans le « Concert des Nations ».

L'émergence de nouvelles puissances, évolution historique dont nous sommes des témoins privilégiés, a donné corps à un monde multipolaire. La coopération internationale connait depuis lots un formidable essor à travers des initiatives visant des domaines aussi divers que variés.

En 70 ans, Mesdames et Messieurs, l'humanité n'a plus connu de tragédie de l'ampleur de celle que constitua la Seconde guerre mondiale. Cette longue période de paix que nous connaissons depuis 1945, période quasi analogue à celle qui s'ouvrit après le célèbre Congrès de Vienne en 1815, voici un siècle, cette longue période de paix nous la devons très largement aux Nations Unies, à notre Organisation qui a souvent servi de catalyseur et d'espace central où s'harmonisaient les efforts des nations éprises de paix. Au moment où nous dressons le bilan de ses 70 ans, il est permis d'affirmer que I'ONU a plus que tenu ses promesses et donné la preuve - s'il en était besoin - de sa nécessité et de sa pertinence historiques.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, La République du Congo, mon pays, salue la reprise des relations entre Cuba et les États- Unis. Elle considère que cette décrispation des relations entre les deux pays va dans le sens de l'Histoire. Le Gouvernement de mon pays souhaite ardemment que ce processus courageux conduise assez rapidement à la levée de cet embargo économique qui n'a que trop longtemps asphyxié le peuple cubain.

Nous en appelons à cet humanisme généreux dont le peuple américain a su donner la preuve dans des périodes cruciales de l'Histoire, ainsi que ce fut le cas pendant la Seconde guerre mondiale.

La République du Congo, mon pays, salue la récente conclusion de l'accord sur le nucléaire iranien, car elle y voit un pas supplémentaire vers an monde débarrassé des arsenaux destructeurs.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, A côté de ces avancées indéniables, on ne saurait éluder ces faiblesses qui ont souvent caractéris action de notre Organisation et réduit sa capacité à agir sur le cours d'événements.

Nous n'avons toujours pas réussi à conjurer le spectre de la guerre et de ces conflits armés en tout genre. Des conflits alimentés souvent par des acteurs non étatiques, par ces réseaux nébuleux qui nourrissent le terrorisme, par ces groupuscules disséminés qui portent à extrême le prosélytisme religieux, par ces téméraires cartels de la drogue ou encore par ces pirates de la misère qui écument les voles maritimes.

Le changement climatique, la pauvreté endémique, la crise des migrations, les inégalités entre Etats et à l'intérieur des Etats, pour ne s'en tenir qu'à ces exemples emblématiques et d'actualité, constituent de nos jours de véritables menaces pour ta stabilité des Etats et la paix dans le monde.

L'Afrique centrale, région dont je viens, n st pas épargnée par ces fléaux, au regard des attaques menées par l'Armée de Résistance du Seigneur (LRA) et des indicibles atrocités commises au Nigeria, au Niger, au Cameroun et au Tchad par la tristement célèbre secte dite « Boko Haram ».

Face à la gravité de cette menace terroriste d'un genre nouveau, les Etats de la région ont pris conscience de la nécessité de lui opposer une réponse commune. C'est tout le sens de notre mobilisation au sein de la Communauté Economique des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (CEEAC) dans la lutte contre cette organisation irrédentiste, terroriste et sectaire.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, Ace tableau préoccupant, s'ajoute la persistance des tensions au Mali, au Soudan du sud malgré la signature de nombreux accords de paix. S'agissant particulièrement de la République Centrafricaine, comme vous le savez, Son Excellence Monsieur Denis Sassou-

Nguesso conduit avec détermination la médiation internationale dans la crise à laquelle ce pays frère est confronté depuis de nombreuses années.

Le Forum de réconciliation nationale, qui s'est tenu au mois de mai dernier à Bangui, a abouti à des conclusions qui illustrent la volonté des Centrafricains de tourner définitivement la page des crises récurrentes qui out jalonné l'histoire de leur pays.

Cette aspiration légitime à la paix reste, cependant, subordonnée heureux aboutissement du processus électoral, pour lequel le soutien de l'ensemble de la communauté internationale est encore nécessaire, si nous voulons voir ce pays faire aboutir sa transition, à l'échéance du 31 décembre 2015, gage d'une stabilité durable.

Malheureusement, les douloureux développements de ces derniers jours, émaillés de violences inouïes, risquent de compromettre tous les efforts consentis pour aider ce pays à recouvrer durablement la paix et la stabilité.

Les graves incidents qui ont secoué Bangui ces derniers jours et la récurrence des violences intercommunautaires ne peuvent que conforter le sentiment largement partagé que le processus de transition en cours reste fragile. Aussi, notre engagement en faveur de ce pays est-il vivement sollicité.

Dans cette phase décisive du processus de transition, le Président Denis Sassou Nguesso, Médiateur international, est encore plus qu'engagé dans sa mission. Il ne ménagera aucun effort, avec l'appui de l'ensemble des partenaires, pour relever les défis innombrables qui se définissent presque tous en termes de priorité et d'urgences.

Permettez-moi de rendre hommage à la Communauté internationale, à travers l'engagement constant du Groupe international de contact et, de la même manière, saluer les efforts inlassables de toutes les forces de la paix engagées en République Centrafricaine depuis le début de la crise. Tout d'abord dans le cadre de la MISCA, ensuite dans le cadre de la MINUSCA, puis dans le cadre de l'opération SANGARIS et enfin dans le cadre de I'EUFOR.

Par la même occasion, je salue la mémoire de tous les vaillants soldats qui ont sacrifié leur vie au non de la paix et de la solidarité internationale.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, La paix et la stabilité, tant au niveau national qu'au niveau international, ne sauraient être effectives sans un minimum de développement économique au bénéfice de tous, notamment des populations dans les pays en développement.

Au moment ou nous célébrons le 70éme anniversaire de notre Organisation, l'adoption du programme de développement à l'horizon 2030 constitue fi tous égards un pas décisif dans la construction de l'avenir que nous voulons radieux pour notre planète et pour nos populations.

En mettant en place une stratégie efficace pour le financement et la planification du développement durable, le programme d'action d'Addis Abeba, adopté en juillet dernier, à la 3e conférence internationale sur le financement du développement, nous met résolument sur la bonne voie, pour une coopération au service du développement de tous. La République du Congo s'inscrit totalement dans cette perspective et espère des avancées significatives dans la mise en uvre de ce nouveau programme global.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, Mon pays est parmi ceux qui disposent d une stratégie nationale de développement durable, instrument essentiel de planification stratégique. Il est aussi parmi ceux où la pratique démocratique se consolide et se renforce chaque jour davantage, notamment à travers un processus continu de consultations citoyennes permanentes entre opposition et majorité, en rue de scrutins apaisés.

Grâce à la paix et la stabilité dont il jouit et conscient que les manifestations sportives contribuent à la promotion de l'éducation, de la santé, du développement et de la paix, notre gouvernement a pu organiser avec succès, du 04 au 19 juillet dernier, les 11ème Jeux africains dont Brazzaville est le berceau historique.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, La décision de nos hauts Dirigeants, clairement exprimée lots du Sommet mondial de 2005, de voir l'ONU « réformée sans garder » commencer par son fer de lance qu'est le Conseil de sécurité - participe de la ferme volonté collective d'inscrire notre Organisation dans une nouvelle perspective historique.

Nous croyons fermement que l'ONU a vitalement besoin de plus de transparence, de plus de justice, de plus d'équité et de plus de démocratie interne, dans le respect strict de l'égalité souveraine des États et de la dignité de chacun d'eux. En définissant et en adoptant une position commune dans le cadre du « Consensus d'Ezulwini », l'Afrique a clairement indiqué la vole vers cette réforme nécessaire qu'elle appelle tous ux.

Monsieur le Président, Distinguées Personnalités, Par ma voix, la République du Congo renouvelle solennellement son engagement auprès des Nations Unies, dans le sillage des pères fondateurs, tel qu'énoncés dans le préambule de ta Charte.

Par ma voix, la République du Congo exhorte la Communauté des nations, ici rassemblée, à unir plus que jamais ses efforts afin de donner définitivement corps aux nobles idéaux de liberté et d'égalité, de justice et de paix, de solidarité et de générosité humaine.

Je vous remercie.

COSTA DE MARFIL Claude Bouah-Kamon, Representante Permanente de la República de Costa de Marfil ante las Naciones Unidas

Excellence Monsieur Mogens Lykketoft, Président de la 70éme session de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies; Excellences Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement; Excellence Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies; Honorables Délégués; Mesdames et Messieurs;

Monsieur le Président, Tout comme les Chefs d'Etat et de gouvernement qui m'ont précédé à cette tribune, je voudrais mon tour, au nom du Président de la République de Côte d'Ivoire, S.E.M Alassane Outtara et en mon nom propre, vous adresser nos chaleureuses félicitations pour votre brillante élection à la présidence de la 70ème session de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies et vous assurer de notre soutien dans la conduite de votre exaltante et noble mission.

Je voudrais également rendre un hommage appuyé à votre prédécesseur, Son Excellence Monsieur Sam Kutesa, pour la qualité du travail accompli durant son mandat.

II me plait tout particulièrement de saluer le Secrétaire Général de notre Organisation commune S.E.M BAN KI-Moon, pour son engagement constant en faveur de la Paix, de la Sécurité et le Développement dans le monde.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, Au moment où nous célébrons les 70 ans de notre Organisation, qui coïncide avec l'adoption d'un nouveau cycle de développement porteur d'espérance, comment ne pas se

70 sentir interpellé par insupportable tragédie humaine du phénomène migratoire qui se déroule sous nos yeux. Je voudrais cet instant, m'incliner devant la mémoire des nombreux disparus de la méditerranée.

Face à ce drame humanitaire sans précédent la communauté internationale doit, dans une approche concertée, globale et cohérente, trouver une réponse humaine é la crise des personnes migrantes et des réfugiés, qui fuient la pauvreté, la misère, la violence et les guerres au péril de leur vie. II en va de notre responsabilité commune.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs,

En 1945, alors que le monde sortait é peine de la plus grande tragédie militaire et humanitaire de notre époque, quelques Etats, rejoints plus tard par les autres, portèrent sur les fonts baptismaux l'Organisation des Nations Unies.

L'adoption de la Charte fondatrice de notre Organisation a en effet suscité chez les nations et les peuples du monde un immense espoir, espoir de voir notre humanité débarrassé du fléau de la guerre, pour construire un monde nouveau, de paix, de sécurité et de progrès social.

Le thème de notre Assemblée Générale intitulé «l'ONU a 70 ans : un nouvel engagement vers l'action » nous offre une formidable opportunité de faire le bilan des acquis de notre Organisation, en conformité avec sa Charte, et d'envisager l'avenir de notre institution dans ce monde en proie é des mutations de tous ordres.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, L'ONU jouit de la plus grande autorité et joue un rôle irremplaçable dans l'avancée de l'humanité, en prenant pour encrage ses trois piliers essentiels que sont: la paix, la sécurité et le développement.

Les 70 ans de notre Institution ont été marquis assurément par son implication sans cesse croissante en faveur de la démocratie et de l'indépendance des peuples.

La Déclaration des Droits de l'Homme adoptée en 1948, a appelé l'attention du monde sur les cas de torture et de violation massive des droits humains et créé une pression internationale sans précédent pour un meilleur respect des droits de l'homme à l'échelle mondiale.

Au chapitre des acquis majeurs de notre Organisation, il importe également de relever la chute de l'Apartheid en Afrique du sud, dont l'ONU a été l'un des principaux artisans.

Ce rôle s'est aussi illustré en matière de promotion des droits de la femme et il y a lieu de souligner à cet égard, la tenue de la conférence historique sur la femme à Mexico, en 1975 et la rencontre mémorable de Beijing en 1995, qui ont permis de définir des normes prioritaires en faveur des droits de la Femme et l'égalité des sexes.

Dans le domaine de la paix et de la sécurité, les opérations de maintien de la paix dans le monde ont contribué à sauver de nombreuses vies et favoriser la restauration de la stabilité.

Je voudrais ici renouveler la reconnaissance du peuple ivoirien pour le rôle inestimable que les Nations Unies ont joué et continuent de jouer à nos côtés.

Grâce à ce précieux soutien, la Côte d'Ivoire a repris sa marche en avant, en retrouvant ainsi le chemin de la stabilité, de la croissance et du développement économique et social.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, Ces succès enregistrés sous le leadership de l'ONU ne doivent pas nous faire perdre de vue les nombreux défis auxquels notre Organisation et l'humanité restent confrontées.

La paix et la sécurité sont en effet menacées partout dans le monde. La criminalité transfrontalière se développe et menace le commerce international. L'extrémisme porté, notamment par les groupes terroristes, gagne du terrain.

Boko Haram devenu « Etat islamique en Afrique de l'Ouest », continue de semer la désolation et la terreur. La cyber criminalité prend de l'ampleur et la pauvreté, en dépit des efforts engages pour son éradication, constitue toujours une préoccupation et un facteur handicapant pour le développement et le bien-être des peuples.

En plus de ces menaces, on assiste à la persistance de conflits internes et régionaux dans maintes parties de notre planète. La communauté internationale doit être attentive aux conflits au Moyen Orient, à la situation en Syrie, en Lybie et au Sahara occidental.

Concernant la question du Sahara occidental, la Côte d voire voudrait affirmer son soutien au processus de négociations sous l'égide des Nations Unies en appelant les parties à faire preuve d'esprit de compromis pour régler ce différend dans le cadre des résolutions pertinentes du Conseil de Sécurit nitiative marocaine d'autonomie.

Dans un tel contexte, les attentes de nos peuples sont grandes et urgentes. Elles en appellent surtout à la responsabilité des Nations Unies pour un nouvel engagement en faveur de l'action.

programmes de l'Agenda post 2015 pour le développement durable, adopté par les Nations Unies l'occasion du sommet spécial consacré à la promotion des Objectifs du Développement Durable (ODD), au cours de la présente Assemblée Générale.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, L'agenda de développement post 2015 nous offre une opportunité historique de promouvoir un ambitieux programme de développement, afin de réduire de façon significative la pauvreté et la faim dans le monde, d'améliorer la santé et l'éducation des peuples, de combattre ensemble les effets néfastes des changements climatiques.

Ce programme doit aussi promouvoir les mesures de bonne gouvernance pour accroitre la redistribution des richesses vers les classes défavorisées et vulnérables, et restaurer un véritable partenariat pour le développement afin de construire un monde de prospérité, d'égalité, de sécurité et de paix, dans l'esprit et la lettre de la Charte de I'ONU.

La pauvreté, le terrorisme, les épidémies, l'insécurité alimentaire et climatique qui sont aujourd'hui les « nouvelles menaces à la paix et à la sécurité internationale » constituent un terreau fertile à l'intolérance, é l'intégrisme et aux extrémismes de tout bord qui menacent le fragile édifice d'un monde de paix auquel aspirent légitimement nos populations.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, II est donc indéniable que le monde est confronté à une période de grands défis mais il est aussi vrai qu'il s'offre à nous l'opportunité historique de consolider les bases d'un développement inclusif et d'un monde meilleur tant pour les générations actuel les que futures.

Je me réjouis donc que ce 70e anniversaire coïncide avec une année qui incite à l'espoir.

En effet, la tenue à Addis-Abeba, du 13 au 16 juillet 2015 de la 3e Conférence Internationale sur le Financement du Développement a permis de s'accorder sur les moyens l'agenda de développement pour l'après 2015 que nous ve nons juste d'adopter.

II reste à « finir le job » à l'occasion de la 21éme Conférence des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques, dite « COP 21 » qui se tiendra au mois de décembre prochain à Paris, en vue d'aboutir à un engagement universel contraignant, permettant de lutter efficacement contre le réchauffement climatique.

Monsieur le Président, Honorables Délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs, Le nouveau programme de développement que nous venons d'adopter capitalise l'expérience acquise des OMD et intègre dans une approche holistique les trois dimensions du développement durable à savoir, la dimension économique, sociale et environnementale, et nous met, sur les rails d'une transition vers un monde meilleur pour l'humanité toute entière.

Alors que nous célébrons à juste titre ce nouvel agenda et les Objectifs du Développement Durable (ODD) qui en découlent comme le nouveau paradigme consensuel sur le développement, le plus dure reste à accomplir.

II s'agit maintenant d'opérationnaliser tous ces programmes à travers la mise en place des politiques et des reformes appropriées à l'échelle nationale dans nos Etats.

C'est tout le sens du Plan National de Développement (PND) élaboré par le Gouvernement ivoirien pour la période 2016-2020 en vue de faire de la Cote d'Ivoire un pays émergent à l'horizon 2020; notre objectif étant de réduire de moitié, le taux de pauvreté dans notre pays.

En matière économique, la Côte d'Ivoire se retrouve pour la deuxième année consécutive, selon le rapport « Doing Business 2015 » de la Banque Mondiale, parmi les dix pays au monde qui ont mis en place le plus grand nombre de réformes en vue d'améliorer l'environnement des affaires.

Ces réformes ont permis à la Côte d'Ivoire de rejoindre depuis 2012, le peloton de tête des pays forte croissance en Afrique et dans le Monde. Le taux moyen de croissance du PIB, pour la période 2012-2014, a été supérieur à 9%. Le revenu par tête d'habitant s'est amélioré d'environ 20 % au cours de ces trois dernières années.

S'agissant de l'enseignement, après avoir pris des mesures de gratuité de l'école depuis 2011, le Gouvernement vient d'adopter la Politique de Scolarisation Obligatoire (PSO) pour tous les enfants de 6 à 16 ans en vue de traduire dans les faits, dès cette rentrée scolaire, le droit de routes les filles et de tous les garçons de notre pays, à l'éducation et à une formation de qualité.

Dans le domaine de la santé, nous avons initié, dans le souci d'offrir une couverture médicale l'ensemble des ivoiriens, un système de Couverture Maladie Universelle (CMU) qui permettra aux plus défavorisés de se soigner dans les différentes structures sanitaires de notre pays.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences,

Mesdames et Messieurs, L'année 2015 qui s'écoule allégrement constitue également pour mon pays une année charnière en ce qu'elle verra la tenue, à partir du 25 octobre prochain, des élections générales ouvertes et inclusives.

A cet égard, je voudrais me féliciter de la récente décision prise par le Conseil de Sécurité, dans sa résolution 2226 (2015) du 25 juin 2015, autorisant l'ONUCI à apporter un appui logistique à la Côte d'Ivoire, é l'occasion de ces élections.

Pour sa part, le gouvernement ivoirien qui a mis en place le cadre Permanent de Dialogue avec l afin de garantir la crédibilité du processus électoral en vue de consolider la paix retrouvée.

Quant au processus de réconciliation nationale, la Commission Nationale pour la Réparation et l'Indemnisation des Victimes (CONARIV), mise en place par le Gouvernement en vue de parachever les travaux de la Commission Dialogue, Vérité et Réconciliation (CDVR), procède actuellement l'indemnisation des victimes.

Le processus de Démobilisation, Désarmement et Réinsertion (DDR) a été achevé avec succès par un taux de réinsertion de 85 % des ex-combattants.

Quant à la Réforme du Secteur de la Sécurité (RSS), les efforts se poursuivent en vue parachever la m égie nationale de réforme du secteur de la sécurité, adoptée en septembre 2012 avec la précieuse assistance de l'Opération des Nations Unies en Côte d'Ivoire (ONUCI).

Tous ces résultats ne peuvent être durables sans une économie performante. La relance économique observée depuis quatre ans, avec un taux de croissance en progression constante, bénéficie de l'appui de nos partenaires que je tiens à remercier ici.

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames et Messieurs, A présent je voudrais conclure, en soulignant que l'idéal d'un monde meilleur porté par les pères fondateurs de notre Organisation nous interpelle plus que jamais.

L'adoption de l'agenda 2015 pour le développement durable par notre communauté, ouvre de nouvelles perspectives de développement au profit des peuples. Nous en appelons donc au leadership avéré de l'ONU et à son impulsion décisive pour faire reculer les frontières de la pauvreté et offrir l'humanité un meilleur accès é l'eau potable, une réduction rapide de la mortalité infantile, une sécurité alimentaire renforcée et un environnement sain.

Mesdames et Messieurs, le temps presse, le temps est en effet venu de passer à l'action.

Je vous remercie.

EGIPTO

Abdel Fattah Al Sisi, Presidente de la República Árabe de Egipto

Mr. President,

At the outset, I would like to congratulate you and your friendly country on assuming the presidency of the current session of the United Nations General Assembly, and to express my appreciation to your predecessor, the Foreign Minister of our brotherly country Uganda, for his exceptional efforts during his presidency of the previous session. I would also like to commend the constructive role played by the Secretary General of the United Nations, and his ceaseless efforts to uphold the principles of the UN Charter, which has served as the constitution and reference of international relations for seventy years.

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, A few weeks ago, Egypt and the world witnessed the inauguration of the New Suez Canal; an achievement that will have a major impact on a number of economic fields, such as transportation, trade and services. It is also a statement of Egypt's capability, and the determination of its people to work with sincerity to overcome challenges and obstacles. I do not intend to delve today into all these dimensions, which I am sure you are already aware of. What I wish to highlight is the significance of what we achieved on Egyptian soil; for this New Canal is not only Egypt's gift to the world, it is the embodiment of hope, and the ability to transform that hope into tangible reality and a new direction through hard work.

You may agree with me that hope, that most important value, is the force that has continuously driven individuals and peoples onwards in search of a better tomorrow. When hope is coupled with hard work and commitment, it becomes the brightest light that can dispel darkness of despair, a darkness that today lingers over the Middle East. Hope and hard work are the realistic example presented by Egypt to its neighbors in Africa, Asia, and

78 the Mediterranean and the hand that Egypt extends to its region to contribute to overcoming the challenges of the present and illuminating the path towards the future.

It is our belief in Egypt that the Middle East and the world at large are confronted with a perilous danger and are in dire need of a model that presents new prospects for our youth, providing them with opportunities for a brighter future. They must be shown that, with diligent work, they can participate in crafting this future. It is against this background that I announce Egypt's intention to launch, in coordination with the United Nations and its member states, and with wide participation by the youth of all nations, an initiative labeled:

Hope and Action for a New Direction"

Or "HAND" according to the English acronym. This is indeed the hand that Egypt is extending as part of its contribution to defeating the forces of extremism and the ideas they seek to spread, through proactive action rather than just resistance. Counterterrorism efforts so far have relied solely on defensive reaction, focusing on defending the present. In parallel to these valuable efforts, we must seek ways to channel the productive energy of our youth away from extremists and their false ideas, and to employ our youth's capabilities in building the future that will soon be their own.

Ladies and Gentlemen, God has bestowed humanity with the gift of the mind, which was our means to find Him. Our ability to use this mind to make choices is the ultimate proof that our differences and diversities are a product of divine will, which does not accept for human beings to be devoid of purpose.

Before this simple, palpable truth, all of the arguments made by extremists of all religions and creeds fall apart, particularly those who claim to have a monopoly over interpreting Islam. They forget that what they propagate is no more than their prejudiced interpretation of religion, which negates the truth of Islam's tolerance, justice, and mercy. Their rejection of the right of others to differ is a rejection of the Creator's will. In reality, they strive to achieve worldly and insidious goals, seeking to recruit and indoctrinate followers and isolate them from any opportunity to attain a correct understanding of religion.

There is no doubt that more than 1.5 billion Muslims refuse to subscribe to the views of this small minority that claims to speak on their behalf and seeks, through violence and extremism, to marginalize and silence all who oppose it. The whole world should realize this. Nevertheless, I feel the distress of every Muslim who suffers from discrimination and prejudice solely for belonging to this great religion. Such discrimination is doubtlessly viewed by the forces of extremism as an unprecedented triumph, as one of their primary goals is to create and enlarge this fissure between Muslims and the rest of the world. Allow me then, to pose this question: how many Muslims must fall victim to the abominations of terrorism and extremism before the world recognizes that all of us, Muslim and non- Muslim alike, are at war with the same enemy? That we face the same threat? How much blood must be spilled in countries that suffer from the terrorist scourge before the international community awakens to the reality of this plague, which Egypt is now confronting, at the forefront of Islamic countries, as the first line of defense? When will the international community acknowledge that there is no alternative to solidarity between all peoples to defeat this evil, wherever it exists?

Ladies and gentlemen, We have all witnessed Libya's descent along a downward spiral when the forces of extremism announced their presence through actions that contradict the principles of Islam and humanity. The slaughter of Egyptians on the coasts of Libya was but a result of complacency in confronting the expansion of extremists in defiance of the will of the Libyan people, tolerating their exclusionary tendencies, and allowing them to hold hostage the destiny of Libya and its people. Egypt's great concern for Libya's future, security, and stability were the main driving force behind our support for UN efforts to reach a peaceful settlement. This support had a significant role in achieving the Libyan Political Agreement (Skhirat Agreement), which should be considered a milestone. From this point onwards, the efforts of the international community should be consolidated as well as its support for the will of the parties to the agreement, in order to rebuild the Libyan state, empower it to effectively combat terrorism and enhance its capacity to defeat this threat before it can establish a base from which to target Libya's neighbors and extend to the depths of Africa. In this context, I would like to emphasize the importance of continuing to foster an environment that is conducive to increased participation amongst Libyans who believe in a modern state, in parallel with unrelenting confrontation to eradicate terrorism.

We have also observed how extremists exploited the legitimate aspirations of the Syrian people to drag this brotherly nation into conflict, in order to achieve their intentions to exclude anyone but themselves. In fact, these conflicts erupted between extremist organizations themselves in the struggle over the spoils. Today, Syria is being torn apart as it faces the threat of division, an unprecedented humanitarian crisis and the exposed ambitions of regional parties. In response to this dire situation, Egypt called on the Syrian national parties to meet in Cairo to formulate a clear plan for the interim period in accordance with Geneva. This would provide a common ground for all Syrians to build a democratic Syria with sovereignty over the entirety of its territory, in a way that would preserve the state and its institutions and respect and protect its diversity and national identity. These Syrian parties are invited today to contribute with all vigour in all efforts to negotiate a political resolution to the crisis which achieves the aspirations of the Syrian people.

Ladies and gentlemen, Egypt's political and military support for Yemen and its participation in the measures taken by the coalition of states supporting the legitimate government were in response to Yemen's request. They also stemmed from our responsibility towards preserving Arab national security in the face of attempts by outside parties to intervene in its affairs as well as our commitment to Yemen's unity, independence and territorial integrity. Egypt urges the international community to exert the necessary efforts to resume the transitional political process, in accordance with the Gulf Initiative and its enforcement mechanisms, as well as relevant Security Council Resolutions.

Egypt is closely following the latest developments in Iraq, and we hope that the reforms implemented by the government will contribute to restoring cohesion between the people of Iraq and advancing national reconciliation.

As Egypt has previously emphasized, the increasing plight of refugees fleeing from destructive armed conflicts reaffirms the need to work towards resolving these conflicts and confronting the scourge of terrorism, a major aggravating factor. It also necessitates creating channels for legal immigration and facilitating transportation as well as linking international migration and development. Egypt hosts ever increasing numbers of refugees, who share with their Egyptian brothers and sisters, the same social, education and health services provided by the State, in spite of the economic burden this represents. Egypt hopes

81 that solutions to this crisis will be found, whether in the short-run to alleviate the humanitarian suffering of refugees, or in the long-run through overcoming the fundamental causes of this crisis.

Ladies and Gentlemen, The aforementioned is perhaps an example of the existing and increasing threat posed by terrorist organizations' exploitation of political crises to achieve their objectives. It is incumbent on me, as the President of Egypt, which stands at the heart of this confrontation, to forewarn of the dangers of expansion of this threat to other crises and regions, at the forefront of which is Palestine. Resolving this conflict and empowering the Palestinian people to exercise their right to self-determination and to an independent state within the border of 4th June 1967, with East Jerusalem as its capital will effectively eliminate one of the most important factors contributing to the region's instability and one of the most dangerous pretexts used to justify extremism and terrorism. Perhaps you would agree with me that it is imperative to resolve this conflict without hesitation, so that the nations of the region may focus on building their future together, in order to achieve prosperity and build a better future for the coming generation. The ongoing events in Jerusalem and the Holy Mosque of A1-Aqsa confirm that achieving peace continues to face hurdles and challenges that require us all to tackle by providing decisive final solutions.

Ladies and Gentlemen, We, in Egypt, realize the importance of other factors, in addition to defeating terrorism and extremism, to achieve stability and comprehensive development. The Egyptian uprising and its call for change was an expression of our awareness of the need to build a modern nation, with all its components, in order to achieve these goals. We are aware that what we have achieved are only a few steps along a long path; we are committed to pursuing this path to its conclusion, in spite of the challenges we face. This year will witness Egypt's parliamentary elections, in completion of the road map for the future, so that the people's representatives can exercise their oversight and legislative responsibilities during the upcoming phase. This phase will witness, God willing, the further realization of the Egyptian peoples' aspirations for freedom, dignity and social justice.

In this context, it is essential for me to highlight that Egypt's government launched in The Sustainable Development Strategy: Egypt's Vision in 2030", in conjunction with the international community's endeavors to articulate an ambitious

82 agenda for international development post-2015. We hope this agenda will take into consideration the importance of our common but differentiated responsibilities in confronting global challenges based on the disparity in capacities and resources, as well as the diversity of our cultures. Development is a fundamental human right. Facilitating and promoting it, particularly in developing countries and in Africa, is a joint responsibility and top priority particularly for the developed world.

Ladies and Gentlemen, The vision Egypt is proposing is the continuation of a lengthy path, as old as human history itself. Throughout this journey, Egyptians have continuously innovated; they have welcomed all those who passed through their lands, hence their contributions to humanity remain significant to this day. Today, through its nomination to a non-permanent seat in the UN Security Council for the coming two years, Egypt aspires to enhance its participation to consolidate international peace and stability. Your confidence in Egypt's role shall, by God's will, be well-placed because Egypt appreciates the responsibility it shoulders during this critical juncture, and will seek to achieve the interests of its continent, Africa, its Arab region and the entire world. It will seek to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the values that unite human civilization.

The banks of Egypt's eternal River Nile have witnessed the establishment of the first building blocks of this human civilization and its flourishing. Egypt remained, for many epochs, a centre for knowledge and art and a beacon for other countries and nations. In spite of the difficulties and setbacks Egypt endured at other times, the Egyptian people long today to make history once again. I am confident that, with God's help, the Egyptian people will be able to achieve their highest aspirations for themselves, their country, their region and the whole world.

May the Peace, Mercy and the Blessings of God be upon you.

ERITREA

Osman Saleh, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores del Estado de Eritrea

Mr. President, It is my pleasure, at the outset, to warmly congratulate you upon your election as President of the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly. I also wish to extend my deep appreciation to your predecessor, H.E. Mr. Sam Kutesa, for his commendable efforts in conducting the business of the 69th session of the United Nations General Assembly.

Mr. President, Excellencies, Seventy years after the birth of the United Nations with its promise of peace, justice and development for all, of all nations acting in concert for the common good, it is undeniable that we continue to live in an unfair and unequal world, a world where conflicts and wars rage, extreme poverty persists in the midst of plenty, children die from easily preventable diseases and justice is routinely trampled.

The United Nations Organisation itself is a reflection of this unfair, unequal and undemocratic global order. In the UN, the overwhelming majority of member states are marginalized, this assembly of nations which should be the most powerful organ is bereft of real power and influence and power and decision making are dominated by a few among the few. Two decades of talk to reform the organization has yielded zero results. The resistance of those who believe they benefit from the current configuration is so stiff and the ranks of those who seek change so divided by approaches that are driven by narrow national interests, the enthusiasm for reform is giving way to a disquieting paralysis.

Yet, all the member states, peoples and political and social forces that thirst for peace, justice, equitable socio-economic development and the protection and enhancement of the environment cannot give up.

We need to persist in our efforts to rebuild and revitalize the United Nations.

We need to strengthen our solidarity and defend the time-tested principles of equal sovereignty of nations, respect for territorial integrity, peaceful coexistence, the right of nations to choose their social and economic path of development, respect for the dignity and rights of citizens and migrants and fidelity to the Charter of the United Nations and international law.

We need to strive and cooperate at the national, regional and global levels for sustainable and equitable development, a lofty goal that also underpins peace and social justice.

We need to fight to avert an environmental catastrophe that awaits human kind and threatens human civilization. This will require more than human ingenuity and advances in science and technology. We must realize that there can be no technological fix of the environmental challenge. It will require radical change away from economic and social systems based on greed, maximization of profits for the few, massive inequality, unsustainable and unhealthy patterns of consumption and gross wastage.

Mr. President, Excellencies, Eritrea is committed to striving for a fair, just, truly representative and effective United Nations because it was and is now a victim of the United Nations and the powers that have dominated the organization. Six decades ago we were denied of our inalienable right to self-determination and independence; for three decades, we were savagely bombed from the air and the ground, with the aim of crushing our liberation struggle; and today, we are subjected to unfair and illegitimate sanctions and baseless accusations. The United Nations and its Security Council continue to countenance the illegal occupation of our sovereign territory in violation of international law and several Security Council resolutions.

Despite this hostility and injustice, Eritrea achieved independence by dint of a heroic struggle against tremendous odds. Today, Eritrea is making remarkable progress in building a nation based on citizenship and an inclusive state and the respect of human dignity and rights. It is peaceful, stable, secure and harmonious. Achieving unity in diversity, with its people animated by a common struggle and committed to a common future, it has avoided

85 the pitfalls of sectarianism, radicalization and terrorism that have infected the surrounding region and many other areas in the world.

On another front, Eritrea is building a solid basis for sustainable development with social justice by prioritizing education, health, agriculture, industrialization, infrastructure, science and technology, all within a framework of regional cooperation and integration, in the Horn of Africa and the Gulf region across the Red Sea. Eritrea welcomes the adoption of the Sustainable Development Goals of Agenda 2030 which accord with its development vision and priorities and is determined to achieve them ahead of the 2030 deadline.

Maintaining focus on development, Eritrea is fighting human trafficking, stabilizing illegal migration and giving youth and women adequate opportunities to pursue a high quality of life and build their nation. Eritrea is also making its contribution to regional peace, stability and security in the Red Sea and the Horn of Africa.

Eritrea sees its own efforts for peace, justice, development, environmental protection as part of the global struggle for a better and more fair and equitable world; for a strong, effective and truly representative United Nations.

I Thank You.

ETIOPÍA

Hailemariam Dessalegn, Primer Ministro de la República Democrática Federal de Etiopía

Mr President,

Let me begin by congratulating you on assuming the Presidency of the General Assembly at this important juncture in the history of the United Nations. This has indeed been a seminal year. Not only is it a year for commemorating the 70th anniversary of our only universal organization, but it has also been a year when bold actions were taken for the sake of our people and planet.

I would also like to express my profound appreciation to your predecessor, our brother from Africa, who successfully steered the work of this august body over the past one year, which witnessed difficult intergovernmental negotiation processes. His contribution in facilitating these processes and advancing the UN agenda was indeed significant. We owe him a debt of gratitude for all his tireless efforts.

Allow me also to pay special tribute to our Secretary-General for his dedication and tireless efforts for the realization of the aims and purposes of the United Nations.

Mr, President. What we have achieved thus far in the course of this year through difficult negotiations and compromise by adopting a compact for global partnership in the framework of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda in July, as well as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the historic Summit just concluded, make it evident that we are indeed potentially in a watershed moment in the history of the UN. It is our confidence that the same collective resolve would be demonstrated by member States as we take up the challenge of an equally transformative change in UN Peace Operations.

The political will and commitment that we have demonstrated in adopting the Addis Ababa Action Agenda and the 2030 Agenda, gives us hope and optimism that we can secure a new globally binding climate agreement under the auspices of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December. I, therefore, wish, Mr, President, to assure you of my delegation's fullest support in the effective discharge of your heavy responsibilities at this momentous and historic year

Mr President, Ethiopia is indeed proud to be one of the founding members of the United Nations. Although it could not count much in its hour of need on the support of the League of Nations, of which it was also a member, nonetheless, Ethiopia never lost confidence in multilateralism and remained a staunch supporter of the principle of collective security embodied in the United Nations Charter.

It is based on this conviction that Ethiopia has been actively contributing to the advancement of the principles and purposes of the United Nations, including by deploying its forces as part of the blue helmets since the early days of the UN. It gives us great satisfaction to note that Ethiopia is now the second largest contributor to UN Peacekeeping and I wish to take this opportunity to reaffirm our unwavering commitment to continue playing an active role to help ensure the United Nations becomes more effective and secure greater legitimacy.

Mr President, As we mark the 70th Anniversary of our organization, it is only fitting that we take stock of the achievements and challenges over the past seven decades and draw appropriate lessons from history as we move forward. That the world has made tremendous progress in a wide range of areas through the advancement of the noble objectives enshrined in the UN Charter is not in doubt. The Organization has done commendable work to foster international cooperation for development, to promote respect for human rights and address humanitarian problems.

Nevertheless, what has been achieved so far is a far cry compared to the Herculean challenges we face today. Nor can we overlook our very many failures as an organization. This is very apparent in the peace and security area, as was so ably laid out by the High

Level Panel on Peace Operations, as it is with respect to the creation of a level playing field in international economic and trade relations.

Despite all this, however, there is one thing which is self-evident. The United Nations is an organization that we all cannot afford to live without. In spite of its shortcomings, the United Nations remains the only universal organization that we have - whether big or small, rich or poor - providing us with a unique platform to advance our common objectives and address those myriad problems we collectively face.

The challenge that we have to address at this juncture in the history of the organization is more or less obvious. It has to do with how we can make it relevant and effective as we collectively strive to meet the needs and aspirations of our people in the 21st century. This I believe is the main essence of the anniversary celebration aptly captured in the theme - Strong UN. Better World". But, the UN is after all an inter-governmental organization whose strength and weakness cannot be deciphered independent of the role of its members. It is, therefore, up to us to empower the organization to fulfill its promises in a new era.

Mr. President, The United Nations is indeed the creation of the post-1945 world order and the devastating experiences of the Second World War and the Great Depression which preceded it. That, no doubt, very much inspired the letter and spirit of the Charter. The world has, however, changed tremendously since then and the very complex and multifaceted challenges we face today are quite different from those that the founders had to deal with in the immediate aftermath of the war. Obviously, the founders would not have been able to anticipate, for instance, the threat of terrorism and violent extremism or the devastating consequences of climate change and other emerging challenges of our time.

On the other hand, not only has membership of the United Nations changed over the years in dramatic manner, but so have geo-political and economic realities of our globe. With the rapid globalization and the dramatic revolution in information technology, today, we are living in a much more inter-connected and interdependent world. That is why the United Nations requires the necessary tools to deal with these challenges and realities so that it could better serve the needs of our peoples and nations in a new and completely different era.

The need to reform the UN System has long been recognized. But forging the necessary compromise among the wider membership has not been an easy task. However, this cannot be delayed any longer. It is very clear that without undertaking the necessary reforms, we will not be able to deliver the transformative agenda we have set for ourselves. That is the reason why it is not enough to adopt the next generation of sustainable development goals whose ambition and transformative aspirations make them truly historic. It is also vital and indispensable that the UN is fit for the Post-2015 era.

Comprehensive reform of the United Nations system, particularly that of the Security Council, is indeed imperative to reflect current geo-political realities and to make the UN more broadly representative, legitimate and effective. In this context, it is only proper that we seize this occasion to, once again, echo Africa's call to be fully represented in all the decision-making organs of the UN, particularly in the Security Council as encapsulated in the Ezilwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration.

Mr President, We in Ethiopia remain fully committed to the purposes and principles of the United Nations. We are indeed very grateful for the support and partnership of the United Nations in our development endeavors. The reason for the remarkable progress that we have made over the past fifteen years, including in achieving most if not all of the Millennium Development Goals, is to be found in our taking charge of our own destiny, devising our own development strategy and mobilizing domestic resources for their implementation. But we also made the best use of development cooperation we have had with the United Nations and other partners.

Ethiopia has embarked on an ambitious transformative agenda with a view to achieving a middle income status by the year 2023. We intend to do so based on a carbon neutral growth through our climate resilient green economy strategy, which is fully integrated into our national development plan. The results achieved over the past five years are quite encouraging and they have inspired us to do even more through the implementation of the second Growth and Transformation Plan we will be embarking upon soon. It is, therefore, with great optimism that we look at the possibilities that lie ahead, all the more so because we also trust that we are all committed to adhering to the commitment we entered into at the Summit we concluded yesterday.

It is with this deep sense of optimism that I want to conclude by once again reiterating my country's commitment to the purposes and principles of the United Nations as well as to continue playing an active and constructive role for the realization of its noble objectives.

I thank you.

GABÓN

Ali Bongo Ondimba, Presidente de la República de Gabón

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Monsieur le Secrétaire Général, Mesdames et Messieurs,

La présente session se tient à un moment où l'humanité affronte de nombreux défis, les uns aussi difficiles que les autres: les crises migratoires, les crises humanitaires, les conflits meurtriers, le terrorisme, la crise économique, le changement climatique et les pandémies.

Il est évident que 70 ans après la création de l'ONU, nous sommes de plus en plus conscients des dangers que représentent ces situations pour nous et pour les générations futures.

C'est ce qui explique notre mobilisation ici et ailleurs en vue de coordonner nos multiples actions. Nos peuples ont plus que jamais les yeux tournés vers les Nations Unies. Plus que jamais, notre Organisation s'affirme comme l'unique cadre à vocation universelle. Les préoccupations et les aspirations de l'humanité toute entière s'y expriment dans toute leur diversité.

Monsieur le Président, Le thème de cette session nous donne l'occasion de jeter un regard sur le fonctionnement de notre Organisation. II nous offre aussi l'opportunité de formuler des projections, de définir de nouvelles perspectives de son action en s'appuyant sur les principaux piliers de son agenda, à savoir : la paix, la sécurité et les droits de homme.

C'est le lieu de reconnaître la solidité de l'Organisation des Nations Unies et l'affirmation de son leadership à travers la mobilisation constante des Etats membres dans la gestion des situations internationales.

En effet, ensemble nous avons organisé le combat contre la pauvrete, les grandes maladies telles que le VIH/SIDA, la tuberculose, Ebola et le paludisme.

Ensemble, nous nous sommes battus pour les droits des personnes vulnérables telles que les handicapés, les personnes âgées, les peuples autochtones, les femmes et les enfants, y compris les veuves et les orphelins.

Soulignons au passage que l'Assemblée générale a adopté en 2010, à l'initiative du Gabon, la résolution instituant la journée internationale des veuves.

Ensemble, nous nous sommes mobilisés pour répondre aux urgences humanitaires, au réchauffement climatique et à d'autres fléaux transfrontaliers. Ensemble, nous poursuivons nos efforts pour apporter une riposte efficace aux nombreux défis sécuritaires générés par le terrorisme et les autres menaces transnationales.

Ensemble, nous avons fait progresser la justice pénale internationale pour lutter plus efficacement contre impunité. Ensemble, nous avons aussi développé le dialogue des cultures et des civilisations, raffermi les relations entre les peuples du monde et réduit les barrières identitaires.

Monsieur le Président, Au delà de nos multiples efforts, la paix et la sécurité internationales continuent malheureusement d'être menacées avec l'apparition des défis d'un type nouveau.

Notre Organisation est dans l'obligation de se restructurer afin de s'adapter aux réalités du contexte international. Les nouvelles menaces apparues, en l'occurrence le terrorisme, la piraterie maritime, les trafics en tout genre, et le braconnage appellent des ripostes d'un genre nouveau.

Mon pays se f61icite de la prise en compte par le Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies de ces nouveaux défis.

C'est dans cette dynamique que le Gabon, lors de son passage au Conseil de Sécurité en 2010-2011, a contribué à l'adoption par le Conseil d'une résolution historique relative à l'impact de la pandémie du VlH sur la paix et la sécurité internationales.

Dans ce même registre, je mentionnerai aussi la déclaration présidentielle du Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU sur la circulation illicite des armes légères et de petit calibre en Afrique Centrale.

Dans le même ordre d'idées, à l'initiative du Gabon et de l'Allemagne, l'Assemblée genérale de l'ONU a adopté le 30 juillet 2015, une résolution sur le trafic illégal des espèces sauvages.

Je me réjouis du grand nombre de coauteurs, qui traduit un niveau d'adhésion inédit de la part de la Communauté internationale.

Cette résolution traduit également notre volonté d'unir nos efforts, pays d'origine, de transit comme de destination, afin de venir à bout de ce phénomène. Car, je reste persuadé que c'est en coopérant que nous serons plus efficaces.

Le Gabon voudrait encourager notre Organisation, en particulier le Conseil de Sécurité, à poursuivre ses efforts d'appropriation de ces menaces en vue d'apporter des réponses holistiques et plus adaptées aux défis sécuritaires actuels.

Monsieur le Président, En Afrique, plusieurs situations de crise persistent en dépit des efforts du Conseil de Sécurité, de l'Union Africaine et des Organisations sous-régionales.

En République Centrafricaine particulièrement, en dépit des avancées enregistrées cette année, la situation reste fragile et préoccupante. Les événements de ces derniers jours démontrent que la stabilité du pays doit être résolument consolidée. Il nous faut redoubler d'efforts pour maintenir le cap de la Transition.

Je tiens à inviter les parties prenantes à plus de retenue et à privilegier le dialogue pour ne pas saper les efforts en cours en vue du rétablissement de la paix dans ce pays.

La Communauté internationale doit se mobiliser davantage pour aider la RCA à tenir les é1ections avant la fin de l'année. La RCA pourra ainsi mettre un terme à une période mouvementée de son histoire.

Au Proche-Orient, la situation entre Israël et la Palestine demeure toujours préoccupante. Aussi, la Communauté internationale doit-elle s'investir davantage pour la relance des pourparlers de paix.

La résolution de situations tout aussi complexes dans d'autres régions atteste qu'aucune difficulté n'est insurmontable.

La création de l'Etat de la Palestine reste la seule perspective envisageable pour garantir la paix dans la sous région. Il ensemble pour que l'Etat de Palestine et Israël puissent coexister en paix dans l'acceptation mutuelle.

Il me plait ution positive enregistrée cette année dans les relations entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis d'Amérique à la suite de l'accord de normalisation et l'établissement des relations diplomatiques entre les deux pays.

Je voudrais croire que cette évolution aboutira très prochainement à la fin de embargo contre Cuba.

Monsieur le Président, La lancinante question de la menace permanente que fait peser accumulation excessive des armes de destruction massive, parmi lesquelles les armes nucléaires, ne peut trouver une solution que dans le cadre des mécanismes multilatéraux, telle que la Conférence du désarmement nucléaire.

Mon pays reste fermement engagé en faveur du système international de non prolifération tel que consacré par les instruments pertinents comme le TNP.

C'est pourquoi je salue le récent accord intervenu entre la Communauté internationale et la République Islamiste d'Iran, concernant son programme nucléaire.

Monsieur le Président,

La menace terroriste ne cesse de s'amplifier à travers le monde. Outre le Moyen-Orient, l'Afrique est devenue le nouveau théâtre d'opérations de nombreux groupes terroristes.

En Afrique de l'Ouest et Centrale, la secte islamiste Boko Haram sème la terreur et résiste à la riposte des pays du front. En Afrique de l'est, particulièrement en Somalie, Al-Chabaab commet des exactions dévastatrices et continue de faire face à AMISOM.

Pour qu'elle soit plus efficace, la lutte contre le terrorisme passe nécessairement par le renforcement de la coopération internationale.

Il nous faut mutualiser nos efforts face à ce fléau. Dans ce sens, l'on gagnerait à accroitre la surveillance des circuits financiers qui alimentent ce phénomène.

Mon pays réaffirme sa solidarité à toutes les initiatives visant à combattre le terrorisme international sous toutes ses formes.

Monsieur le Président, Des progrès significatifs et indéniables ont été réalisés en matière des Droits de l'Homme à travers le monde. Grâce à l'assistance des Nations Unies, les systèmes politiques se sont ouverts. Des institutions garantissant 1'équité et la justice pour tous, ont été mises en place au sein des nations.

A la demande de ses membres, l'ONU a procédé à la réforme de la Commission des Droits Homme. Depuis Iors, celle-ci a été transformée en Conseil des Droits de l'Homme. L'objectif visé est de rendre cet organe plus proactif, moins politisé, et surtout plus efficace.

Je me félicite de la part prise par mon pays dans cet effort. Votre appui à tous à la présidence gabonaise du Conseil des Droits de l'Homme a permis de progresser de façon significative, vers la réalisation des objectifs visés par sa réforme. Je m'en réjouis, et vous en sais infiniment gré, par la même occasion.

ioration des Droits de l'Homme doit tout d'abord être considérée sous un prisme pédagogique et non politique.

L'ONU doit poursuivre un dialogue permanent avec les Etats Membres afin de les aider à surmonter les défis en matière de respect des Droits de l'Homme. La confrontation dans ce domaine ne me semble pas constructive.

Monsieur le Président, Le maintien et la consolidation de la paix passent nécessairement par la réforme du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies. Cette ambition appelle aussi la réforme des opérations de maintien de la paix (OMP).

Le Gabon réaffirme son appui à la démocratisation du Conseil de Sécurité afin d'associer toutes les régions à1'é1aboration et à des ses décisions.

C'est dans cette perspective que nous réitérons notre pleine adhésion à la position africaine incarnée par le consensus d'Ezulwini, la Déclaration de Syrte, et aux négociations intergouvernementales en cours sur la question. Le moment est donc opportun de traduire en acte cette volonté de réforme acceptée et voulue par tous.

La question de l'usage du véto fait partie intégrante du processus de réforme du Conseil de sécurité. Mon pays adhère à l'initiative de la France et du Mexique, sur l'usage rationnel du véto par les Membres permanents du Conseil de sécurité.

Depuis plusieurs années, les OMP, bras séculier du Conseil de Sécurité, font l'objet d'une restructuration profonde. Je salue les recommandations du Comité spécial sur les OMP.

Je vi utilisation de nouvelles technologies ; l'amélioration de la communication entre les populations locales et les personnels en mission, d'une part, et entre le Secrétariat et les pays contributeurs, d'autre part. De même, je soutiens la prise en compte de la dimension développement durable dans la phase post-conflit.

Par ailleurs pour être plus efficaces, les missions de maintien de la paix doivent bénéficier d'une prévisibilité dans leurs finances, et des mandats clairs, avec une durée déterminée afin d'éviter leur longévité indue.

En certaines circonstances, les mandats doivent être plus robustes, surtout lorsqu'il n'y a pas d'alternative a la nécessité d'imposer la paix. Dans ce cas, en se fondant sur le chapitre

VII de la Charte des Nations Unies, nous devrons pouvoir donner aux OMP des mandats autorisant les militaires à recourir à la force pour imposer la paix.

Nous devrons être en mesure de donner aux OMP le mandat de créer des conditions de paix plutôt que de maintenir une paix fragile encadrée par un accord de cessez-le-feu.

Monsieur le Président, La revitalisation des travaux de l'Assemblée générale, est un autre pan de la réforme tant souhaitée par la majorité des Etats membres des Nations Unies. Je salue la résolution adoptée le 11 septembre 2015 par l'Assemblée générale sur cette question.

Je reste persuadé que cette résolution va renforcer l'autorité de l'Assemblée générale des Nations Unies, qui est organe le plus représentatif des Nations Unies.

Monsieur le Président, Les changements climatiques, autre nouvelle menace à la paix et à la sécurité internationale, affectent de plus en plus nos écosystèmes et la survie de la planète. Si nous n'agissons pas aujourd'hui, les conséquences seront dévastatrices : inondations dans certaines régions, sècheresse dans d'autres ; rupture de la paix dans certains cas.

Mon pays prend note des progrès relatifs enregistrés dans le cadre du processus de négociations è Bonn. Je relève toutefois qu'à deux mois de la Conférence de Paris, ces négociations sont encore bien loin du pré-accord que nous attendons avant d'entamer véritablement les travaux de la COP21.

La gravite de la situation exige que nous, Leaders du monde, puissions avec courage dépasser nos divergences et tout vre en vue de parvenir à un accord à Paris. Or la situation du climat ne cesse de se dégrader.

De l'avis des experts, l'année 2014 a été la plus chaude que nous ayons jamais connue et tout laisse présager une augmentation de 4, 5 ou 6°C du réchauffement de la planète si den n'est fait aujourd'hui.

II est donc temps pour nous d'assumer nos responsabilités et de prendre les bonnes décisions que nos Peuples respectifs attendent de nous. Il est question de la survie de l'humanité et de l'héritage à léguer aux futures générations.

L'Afrique et l'Amérique du Sud qui sont les deux poumons de la planète ont un rôle fondamental à jouer dans le cadre de ces négociations. C'est pourquoi, je lance un appel à la concertation permanente des Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvemement de ces deux pôles régionaux durant les négociations de Paris.

C'est un lieu commun que d'affirmer que les changements climatiques ont un lien étroit avec la crise migratoire.

La lutte contre le dérèglement climatique permettra assurément de réduire l'extrême pauvreté. Les solutions recherchées passent, entre autres, par le développement des secteurs de l'énergie et de l'eau; mais aussi par un investissement accru des gouvernements dans les domaines de ducation et de la formation professionnelle.

et de l'eau. L'Afrique a besoin de cr6er des emplois pour améliorer le bien être des populations.

Apporter des réponses au changement climatique en termes de développement d'un nouveau modèle économique permettra de fixer les populations dans leurs pays.

Il est donc important que la Communauté internationale se mobilise afin de mettre en place des mécanismes d'adaptation et d'atténuation aux effets engendrés par le réchauffement climatique.

Depuis la Conférence de Copenhague, le Gabon, par ma voix, ne cesse d'appeler à l'adoption d'un accord universel et contraignant sur le changement climatique.

La Conférence de Paris en décembre 2015, devra nous permettre d'atteindre cet objectif vital. Pour y parvenir, il nous faut éviter les erreurs commises à Copenhague.

Le caractère crucial de cette conférence est tel qu'elle ne saurait être remise à l'année prochaine, car il en va de la survie de l'humanité. La remettre à plus tard, ce serait trop tard.

Monsieur le Président, Au cours de ces dernières décennies, le monde a évolué un rythme considérable. Cette évolution contraste regrettablement avec la fixité des conceptions, des institutions, des règles et des pratiques qui encadrent la gouvernance mondiale.

Une architecture nouvelle dont la légitimité serait fondée sur la participation de tous à la gestion des affaires du monde est aujourd'hui nécessaire.

L'Organisation des Nations Unies doit résolument s'engager sur la voie des réformes si elle souhaite continuer à jouer un rôle stratégique et diplomatique de premier plan dans le monde.

Ayant désormais la démocratie comme valeur cardinale, notre monde ne saurait continuer de s'organiser sur le précepte quilibre des puissances.

Un système international basé sur la puissance, qu'elle soit équilibrée ou concertée, a l'inconvénient de privilégier la hiérarchie, de favoriser la marginalisation des petits Etats et de prôner la non réciprocité.

Au contraire, le multilatéralisme, dont l'ONU est le garant, privilégie la sécurité collective à l'équilibre des puissances, l'inclusion à la sélection.

Soixante dix arts après la création de ONU, le nombre croissant de ses Etats membres prouve que le monde a définitivement fait le choix du multilatéralisme.

Un tel dessein implique forcément un projet politique novateur, fonde sur les principes d'égalité, d'inclusion, d'indivisibilité et de réciprocité. Telle est l'ambition première des Nations Unies.

Puisse le Tout-Puissant nous venir en aide pour parvenir un tel résultat. Je vous remercie.

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GAMBIA

Yahya Jammeh, Presidente de la República Gambia

ALHAMDULA RABIL ALAMEEN, ALHAMDULA RABIL ALAMEEN ALHAMDULA RABIL ALAMEEN Your Excellency, Mr. Mogens Lykketoft, President of the 70th Session of the United Nations General assembly, Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations, Your Majesties, Your Excellencies and Your Highnesses, Distinguish Heads of State and Government, Distinguish Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I wish to first and foremost praise the Almighty Allah for granting me this opportunity to once again be part of this 2015 United Nations General Assembly with leaders from around the globe. I also pray to the Almighty to guide us throughout this session and provide us with the necessary wisdom, courage and blessing for the fulfilment of our objectives.

But before speaking any further, please allow me Mr. Mogens Lykketoft to first extend my warmest congratulation to you in your new position as the elected President of the 70th UN General Assembly and to further wish you all the best in your official endeavours throughout your tenure.

Mr. President, The entire Gambian delegation and I are pleased to support your presidency during the course of these deliberations. By being entrusted with such a special responsibility, it is fair to say that the world has, in a position of consensus identified your exemplary qualities

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I will also on behalf of my delegation and on my own behalf wish to covey my special thanks to your predecessor, Mr. Sam Kahamba Kutesa for his remarkable performance during his tenure in office. We are very proud of him and will continue to wish him the best and give him all the support in his future undertakings.

And last but not the least, I wish to register our special commendation to Mr. Ban Ki-Moon Secretary General of the United Nations Organization and members of his entire supporting team who despite difficult challenges continue to perform their duties with notable successes.

Mr. President, There has never been a moment greater than now for our organization to collectively reflect and resolve in order to respond with a special sense of urgency to the increasing complexities of global challenges that threaten to derail hundreds of years of peace, progress and prosperity for humanity. It is therefore imperative that as agents of change, the United Nations must not fail to account for and cement the implementation of critical resolutions designed to assist our member nations, and indeed, the entire universe for the improvement and sustainment of a better quality of life.

Mr. President, In order to effectively achieve the goals set forth by this world body for the stability and maintenance of world peace, all member states, whether big or small, must be promptly and strongly reprimanded or censured for violations that are in direct conflict with the United Nations sustainable development agenda.

I remain firm in my constant recommendation for the whole world to stand together against the continued barbarism and brutality of indiscriminate terrorism against innocent men, women and children, causing undue suffering and losses that often render the victims helpless, homeless and hopeless. As genuine Muslims worshipping the Almighty Allah whose message in the Holy Quran repeatedly draws our attention to the essence of living together in peace for our common humanness, we the majority must not remain indifferent or silent to those few sadistic sons of SATAN who are committed to desecration of Islam with only one objective inclination to wreak havoc on their fellow human beings.

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Let me say again, as I have said in this forum and many others elsewhere, that the propaganda and propagation of these SATANIC ideologies are not only a fraudulent misrepresentation of Islam, a mockery of democratic ideals but an insult to the Almighty Allah, making it ever more necessary to nullify their existence by all means possible. Their baseless claims and increasing attacks on peaceful regions demand that we, the United Nations, join together to exterminate these barbaric monsters as they have no regards for the sanctity of human life. Countries that are caught at the crossroads and who are embroiled in conflicts with terrorism deserve our unfettered and unmitigated support. Hence I call upon member nations to fully commit to this organization's basic tenets regarding the solidification of enduring solutions that protect, and sustain all human life. As true Muslims and ALLAH worshiping people, we must understand that these are unconscionable acts that should be subjected to the toughest penalties.

Mr. President, In recognition of the need for world peace, my government respects the recent landmark of the Iran Nuclear deal outlined under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), in which Iran has agreed along with the United States, Russia, China and Germany, to limit its nuclear program as specified. My government believes that it is an important achievement with the right measures put in place for monitoring and accountability.

Mr. President, While we welcome the Iranian agreement to curb proliferation of nuclear weapons, the need to address perennial conflicts with high human cost on our youth, women and children and to diffuse persistently tense situations with high potentials of escalation should also be treated with much more urgency than the prevention of a nuclear conflagration. Thus I call upon this global institution and other regional organizations charged with the responsibility of conflict resolution, peacekeeping and peace building to firm up our commitment to international peace and security. This is imperative to end the dangerously escalating acts of violence, terrorism and banditry in simmering troubled spots the world over.

Mr. President, The continuation of these conflicts questions the efficacy of the U.N in executing the principal function for which it was created. Paradoxically however their persistence constitutes highly valued gains for some unscrupulous enemies of peace, as the belligerents

103 and opposing factions are supported by states, entities and individuals for geopolitical economic and military strategic interests based on greed and hate for the rest of humanity.

Mr. President, I would also urge that the United Nations address the post-Ebola 2014 Virus Epidemic that claimed and maimed thousands of lives, mostly in the hardest hit West African Sub-region. While the sizable monetary, medical personnel and supply contributions made a huge impact on its containment and treatment, there are invariably, vast rippling effects for almost the entire continent. The reaction times for response efforts, human fear and media reports have created a wide scale negative economic impact across a large number of countries. As a result of continued reductions in trade and foreign investments, border closures, and flight cancellations, the United Nations Development group (UNDG) has projected that West Africa stands to lose more than 3.6 billion dollars annually over the next three years. As the virus still poses a threat to the world, there are a number of solutions that the UN organization could support to contain and prevent the disease from reemerging and spreading. Critical among such approach is the need to invest in awareness campaigns, education, and vaccinations to ensure the safety and security of the whole world community. Obviously, we cannot but continue to express our sincere appreciation of the timely and effective intervention of the Cuban Government, the Russian Federation and US government whose rapid deployment of the necessary logistics, including medical teams to the worst-affected areas helped immensely in stopping the spread of the disease.

Mr. President, Despite persisting challenges, Africa and The Gambia continue to make effective gains in achieving many aspects of the 2015 Millennium Development Goals. To begin with, protecting our environment must emphatically remain a major priority for this global body, because registered climate changes over the course of history have significantly impacted negatively on our earth and demand our immediate and permanent attention.

Mr. President, The planet is after all our only home for which we must passionately protect for the benefit of present and future generations. That, in essence, demands from all of us the steadfastness to soundly manage our natural resources for both economic and social development. We can no longer continue to pretend not to know or live in denial of the challenges faced by humanity with the adverse impact the depletion of our natural

104 resources are showing today in the form of desertification, drought, land degradation and ocean acidification though activities of State own multi international companies mostly from the West and Developed world.

This body must act with greater commitment to sustainable conservation programs with production patterns aimed at effectively combating climate change, the restoration of our ecosystem, the promotion of forest management and the combat against desertification and land degradation. It is also the obligation of the UN to be resilient in ensuring the reduction of risks on man-made disasters that often cause massive pollution to our seas, oceans and fresh water sources.

Mr. President, My government continues to reiterate the significance of how the United Nations Security Council reform bears on the global interest of all Member States and the enduring interest of the Organization as well. As clearly articulated in decision 62/557 adopted by the General Assembly in a consensus of Member States, we stakeholders all support the laudable idea that the Intergovernmental Negotiations on Security Council reform should be driven by Member States and that the positions of Member States should form the foundation of the Negotiations.

We are however yet to realize a reflection of such principles and consensus in the council's general approach and framework document. In order for the Security Council's multifaceted reform to realize its desired objective of increased efficiency and effective representation in an atmosphere governed bydemocratic working methods, top priority should be given to increasing the representation of African countries in particular which will provide us with better opportunity to participate in the Council's decision making process. We must bear in mind that African Nations represent over 1 billion people in this body and constitute 54 sovereign states and countries here making her ever more qualified for the allocation of the two permanent seats and two non-permanent seats Africa rightly deserves but never headed despite persistent calls for and as articulated in the Ezulwini Consensus and Sirte Declaration.

Mr. President, It has been fifteen years, in 2000, since the initial development of the Millennium Development Goals, and though progress in various degrees has been accomplished among

105 member states, yet, with broader, reliable and sustainable goals, we must continue to scaffold proposed motions so as to realize real achievement of the goals we target.

Mr. President, Despite the marked evolution in human diversity, there are some tenets with respect to people's religious beliefs and values that are sacred and no country, big or small, should be allowed to insult another country or to bully them for honoring the traditions that govern its people. To do so is disrespectful and dangerous.

Whereas materialism, terrorism, crime, obsession with weapons of mass destruction, deviant lifestyles seem to be the order of the day, make no mistake that there is still right and wrong deeds, and positive and negative consequences. As much as some behaviors are clearly in violation of laws, and societal norms, there are others that are a direct insult to our respective religions. I maintain that all of the aforementioned behaviors are displeasing to the Almighty Allah and against the principles that govern peaceful and loving Muslims and Christians.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) for 70 years since the founding of the UN Organization continues to maintain the same language as the mainstay of literally every UN resolution and conference that has to do with the fami any international acknowledgement of relationships between persons of the same-sex to vil union and so-called same-sex marriages. Therefore given the natural structure of human nature and society, we must not allow ourselves to depart from the UDHR norm by entertaining deviant beliefs that reduce the family to government approval of adult sexual and emotional desires, instead of recognizing it as a central agent to achieve the common good of spouses, children and society at large.

Mr. President, I wish to shift your attention to the great continent of Africa with human and vast natural resources that have always been the target of trespassers who have trampled our economic, social, political, and human rights. Although there has been a steep learning curve with regards to becoming self-sufficient, there has always, and will always, persist a desire for Africa to remain forever independent of colonial rule and subjugation. In fact my

106 government and other states have made an ironclad promise to our citizens that this is our time. It is time for Africa to reap the benefit of her divine inheritance. It is time for Africa to dispel the myths and falsehood about our history and people. It is time for Africa to stop people from taking advantage of our glorious and rich natural resources. It is time for Africa to stand up for what she believes in, what she is interested in and what is better for her people. No longer will we be robbed of our very means to progress and prosperity.

Mr. President, It is heartbreaking to live with the sad reality that the UN cannot gain much traction in arresting the state of incessant violence in the Occupied Palestinian Territories which is

increase in the areas of conflict in the Middle East that in many ways has impacted the priorities of the UN there, our attention must never be distracted from the suffering of the Palestinian people, for their rights to a state with secured borders and East Jerusalem as Capital will not be compromised. This long overdue exigency which is backed by myriads of UN Resolutions not least the most recent, (resolution 66/225 of 29th March 2012), continues to be my Government's position on the issue.

Mr. President, The fight against drug and human trafficking should be one of international security, because it is a serious threat to all societies. We know that the use and selling of drugs is deeply rooted in violence and organized crime. We also know that drug trafficking is linked to terrorist activities, and other crimes, including money laundering, and the sell/ trade of arms. Wide scale corruption exists within organized groups with pervasive criminal mindsets. Therefore the inherent threats of drug trafficking and its related problems, require urgent actions on the part of this international body.

At the current rate Mr. President, drug trafficking is likely to become an epidemic that no country can escape because it is steadily rising to a borderless threat. So I strongly urge that we approach this threat much more aggressively, with a comprehensive plan that involves accountability, full international commitment and support. Besides, not just tougher laws and penalties are necessary, but critical efforts are as well vital to contain the spread of the use of drugs and the need for adequate rehabilitation measures for enduring solutions.

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I must underscore my government's gratitude to the Russian Federation for sponsoring the Moscow-African-Anti-drug dialogue meeting held in The Gambia on July 23rd 2015 with the objective of mapping out the best means of approaching the hazard in the African continent and the world over. The meeting was a resounding success and once again, I stand to sincerely extol the special part played by the leaders and government of Russia for a job well done.

In conclusion Mr. President, At the forefront of our agenda, we should aggressively discuss how we can cope with the evolution of enduring issues that co-exist in our societies, such as trespassers and pillagers on free soils, willing to take what doesn't rightly belong to them. For centuries the African continent remained the target of intrusion, theft, and enslavement by foreign powers. Nevertheless, increased terrorism threats, hunger, poverty, crime and disease continue to expand faster than our intelligence, resources and might. Global peace, it therefore seems, depends on our efforts to take corrective measures against rampant injustice.

It is with serious concern that I suggest to this organization, that on the basis of the brutality and inhumanness of the slave trade, the lingering influences and effects of colonialism, and the pervasive destruction of human capital, and the theft of native African resources, often rare and only germane to this extraordinarily diverse continent, this organization should consider remitting an invoice of reparations to the entire world, and made payable to sovereign governments of Africa. But please know that such action alone isn't enough to compensate for the untold losses of life, limb, talent, and resources vital for Africa to become a more developed and sustainable nation. This instead would amount to a fairly acceptable gesture of restoration, and justice for what Africa cannot reclaim.

Assalamu Alaikum Warahmatulah Wabarakatuho

Thank you very much for attending and listening

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GHANA

John Dramani Mahama, Presidente de la República de Ghana

President of the 70th Session of the UN General Assembly, Secretary General of the United Nations, Your Excellences, Heads of State and Government, Delegates to the Assembly, Ladies and gentlemen,

Let me congratulate the Secretary General and Staff of the United Nations and indeed all member states, on the 70th anniversary of this all important international organization. Study history, study history" In history lies all the secrets of statecraft." And so, we study history. In millions and millions of schools all across the world, there are untold numbers of students studying history, learning about the events of our past. And in the pages of the books they use to study, history is compressed, reduced to its barest essentials.

The enormity of an era is whittled down to mere paragraphs, with significant events carefully packaged into simple sentences. Nevertheless, within those pages are indeed the secrets of statecraft. Within those pages, we come to understand what our world once was, and the process by which it evolved to become the world that it is now. In those pages, we learn from the mistakes that were made.

Mr. President, The world into which the United Nations was born 70 years ago seems like such a faraway reality. In 1945 the names that filled newspapers were Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Dresden and the Red Army.

In 1945 Ecuador declared war on Germany and Japan; Syria also declared war on Germany and Japan; The Soviet Union was victorious in the Battle of Konisberg, as well as the Vienna Offensive; Spain broke off its diplomatic relations with Japan; and the notoriously

109 neutral Switzerland closed its borders with Germany. And these are just a few of the events that took place before the watershed San Francisco Conference in April of that year when 50 nations convened to declare their commitment to peace.

My country, Ghana, was not among those nations. It would take another 22 years for the then-Gold Coast colony to gain its independence and become Ghana. In fact, Mr. President, a number of the countries represented here in these debates of the General Assembly - particularly those from the so-called developing world - were not in existence as sovereign nations.

Nevertheless, here we are today very much a part of this organization aptly called the United Nations, and very much a part of this world.

This is why, Mr. President, I wish to state, quite emphatically, at the start of this address that it is time for greater inclusivity in the United Nations. Truth be told, it is long past time. The world that was in 1945 does not exist now in 2015, so the visionary organization that was formed to meet the needs of that world must now be reformed to meet the needs of this one.

And, Mr. President, those needs are many. The names that fill newspapers these days are ISIS, Boko Haram, AI-Queda; the hashtags that circulate on social media now--and I will say their names--are of Sandra Bland, who died under suspicious circumstances while in police custody in Texas; Aylan Kurdi a young Syrian boy who, along with his family, washed up on the shore of a beach in Turkey; Madau Gach Dut, one of the thousands who have died in the conflict in South Sudan.

I could go on and on and on because the names are many; the lists are long: thousands dead in Syria, in Pakistan, in Nigeria, in Mexico, Afghanistan and Somalia; thousands more, the majority from African nations, dead in the Mediterranean Sea while attempting to flee poverty, hunger, disease or political strife or persecution.

Then too, there are those who did not die while seeking refuge, those whose perilous journeys landed them safely at the borders of other nations, some welcoming their arrival and others subjecting them to further alienation and degradation.

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Mr. President, The numbers are staggering. This isn't history that is being taught in schools. Not yet, anyway. These are not events written in a book, condensed into nicely worded paragraphs and sentences, events that happened once upon a time in a world long gone. These are our times.

And as we gather here today to discuss the road ahead, I wish to echo a few words written in the speech that Franklin Roosevelt, before his untimely death, had been writing and preparing to deliver at that fateful San Francisco Conference.

Mr. Roosevelt wrote: "The work, my friends, is peace." And despite all the changes that have occurred in the world over the course of the last 70 years, that singular truth remains the same.

But peace, as so many great men and women have reminded us, is not lust the absence of war. Peace is also the presence of dignity in one's life; it is the achievement of equality in one's endeavours; and it is the respect of one's humanity and its attendant rights.

If we are to discuss the road ahead, we must do so with new language, with ideas and solutions that do not exist in the annals of history. And we must begin with an examination of our most basic institutions--the governmental, the cultural, the societal and the personal.

Some of the very institutions that were set in place to protect and promote peace are the very ones violating their mandates and engendering fear in the public.

When one race of citizens feels as though their lives don't matter; when refugees successfully escape the horrors of war only to be further brutalized on foreign soil; when the already-traumatized victims of conflict are violated by international peacekeepers who were sent to ensure their safety and wellbeing, then we as leaders, we as a world community must stop being silent and start taking action.

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We must create change. Fear serves as fuel for disillusionment and apathy, for hatred and xenophobia, all of which are the seed if, which allowed to root, will ultimately grow and bear the rotten fruit of war.

What we learned 70 years ago, with the formation of the United Nations, is that we must be each other's keeper; we must allow ourselves, as people and even more so as nations, to belong to one another.

In Ghana we are also reviewing our rules of engagement to create a balance between the maintenance of law and order and the basic rights of our people to free speech and free expression.

Mr. President, Since the beginning of time, cultural and societal traditions have been used as markers of identity. Kente cloth is as defining to Ghana as kimonos are to Japan, as quince Seras are to Latin America as bar mitzahs are to Judaism. Yet some practices and beliefs, though considered traditional, have no place in the world today and they should not be permitted a place in the world that we are planning for the future.

Among those traditions are the ones that refuse individuals--particularly women and children--their basic rights and force them into situations that relegate them to a life of vulnerability to poverty, disease and other unbearable hardships.

Most of the world's poorest people are women. Currently we create programs and policies to address this imbalance, yet regardless of how successful they may be, they are not permanent solutions. They do not solve the ultimate problem, which is the vast inequality between men and women that so many traditions have inculcated.

Through Ghana's Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty (LEAP) program, we have provided cash grants to a total of 77,006 households throughout the nation. The program, which is aimed at poverty alleviation, also entitles its recipients to the provision of free health care, through the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS).

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In order to address the issue of child mortality and malnutrition, preparatory work is underway to earmark disbursements for pregnant women and mothers of children under the age of one.

It is not a secret that when it comes to gender equality, education is the key to change. It is a problem that must be addressed at its root. We speak often of ability and access, and those are honorable concepts; but the actuality is that being able to get an education and having access to an education is not the same as getting an education.

In Ghana, we have made tremendous progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goal target on universal basic education. We instituted the Girl Child Program which encourages parents to send girls to school, and at the primary level we have achieved gender parity between boys and girls.

But what happens beyond the primary level is another matter altogether. Young girls are often taken out of school and married off. Africa has the highest rates of child marriage in the world, following only Asia. It was the intention of the United Nations' 1964 Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum for Marriage and Registration of Marriages to abolish the practice of child marriage. Still, in West Africa, two out of five girls is married before the age of 18. These young girls are faced with increased maternal mortality rates and increased STD rates; they are subject to the sort of poverty that is nearly insurmountable. However, research shows that 64% fewer girls would become child brides if they completed secondary school.

Recognizing the significant difference that this could make in and to our nation, Ghana has launched a campaign, under the auspices of UNICEF, to end child marriage in our nation by focusing not only on getting young girls in school but also on keeping them there their education is complete. This is being achieved through enhanced access to secondary education and beyond without compromising quality.

Mr. President, This year we have had a fruitful General Assembly. We adopted the Sustainable Development Goals, we discussed how to establish resilient health systems, we held a summit on peacekeeping, and also strategized how to deal with religious extremism.

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We will take many memories back with us, but for me one remarkable image that made a huge impression on me in the early days of this gathering- was the Pope's car.

It was breathtaking to watch the pontiff as he greeted massive crowds and moved even government officials to tears in an open gallery; but nothing was more breathtaking than watching him entering and being driven through the streets of New York in a tiny Fiat 500. It was a great metaphor for the times in which we are living, and a powerful lesson about the certain changes we must make to confront our rapidly changing future.

There was a strange sense of solidarity that I felt with this small vehicle as I watched it cruise clown the street, surrounded--and dwarfed--by such humongous sport utility vehicles. It reminded me of the plight of so-called developing nations in our relationships with the wealthier, larger, more established nations of the world. There is the sense of being protected yet also of being overpowered; of being guided yet also of being intimidated to stay the course that they are navigating.

More than any of that, though, what struck me was the modernity of the moment.

The survival of our planet depends on us coming to terms with such modernity.

It requires us to redefine our relationship with nature and to realize that we are just one part of a larger ecosystem. We must finally realize that it is we who are dependent upon nature, and not the other way around.

In recent years signs of emergence in Africa have generated great hope and high expectations. Many African nations have embraced democracy and free and fair elections have become a regular occurrence on the continent's calendar. Several African nations are seeing an acceleration in economic growth and a more than reasonable measure of success is being achieved in reducing hunger and poverty on the continent.

My own country, Ghana, has benefitted greatly in achieving the MDG targets. Ghana is considered one of the bright lights of Africa, a place that was once derisively referred to as the Dark Continent. The nation boasts a strong stable democracy, with an economy that has been growing positively for more than two decades.

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While we are exposed to the current uncertainty of the international markets, strong cooperation with our multilateral and bilateral partners is seeing positive movement towards fiscal consolidation. Moreover, our current agenda for transformation is aimed at diversifying the economy and accelerating growth. My Government is committed to maintaining strict fiscal discipline in order to stabilize the macroeconomics and stimulate growth and business activity.

All of that notwithstanding, one of the major binding constraints that all of Africa faces is a shortage of power. And Ghana is no exception. In many African nations power outages as a result of a shortfall in generation are even considered normal.

In Ghana, two decades of consistent positive growth has resulted in demand for power outstripping supply. The resulting load shedding program has, unfortunately, slowed growth and is taking a steep toll on economic and social life. Small and medium enterprises, which can at least afford the high cost of purchasing and operation generators to substitute their power supply, are being severely affected. We are pursuing a program to put in emergency generation to balance demand and supply.

Looking forward we plan to put an addition 3500 MW of power into our transmission grid utilizing the significant gas reserves we have discovered in offshore concessions.

This will be supplemented by renewable power mainly from solar, biomass and wind sources.

The road ahead, not only for so-called developing nations like Ghana but, indeed, for all nations, demands that we achieve energy sufficiency in a manner that is sustainable and does not further worsen the fragile environment of our planet.

In December representatives from all over the world will meet in Paris to discuss issues of climate change, the effects of which have become undeniable. The changes to our planet as a result of global warming are apparent for all to see: the receding glaciers in temperate climates, the reduction in rainfall and advancing deserts in Africa and the lakes in the Mideast and Asia that are virtually disappearing. All of these things are a wakeup call for us to take drastic and immediate action to save our planet and mankind. We must curb our

115 consumerism not just in respect of the environment, but also in the exercise of tolerance and the mindful practice of coexistence with one another.

Recently The US and Cuba have taken significant steps to normalize relations between their two countries. This is an important first step towards discarding the relics of the cold war represented by the economic blockade of Cuba.

I am also encouraged by the historic agreement between the US and Partners on one hand and Iran on the other to curtail the development of nuclear weapons and encourage the peaceful use of nuclear technology.

This gives me hope, that with dedication and focus we can also resolve the seeming intractable issue of Palestine. Ghana supports a two state solution to the conflict. A peaceful and stable Israel, coexisting with a sovereign Palestinian State. To this end we call for an immediate cessation of construction of settlements in the Palestinian territories.

Mr. President Seventy years from now, I wonder what those looking back at this era will think of it, what they will think of us? When they study these days, these events that are shaping our world and our lives, those millions and millions of students, girls and boys, what will our actions or inactions say to them? What secrets of statecraft will they learn?

And most importantly, what sort of world will the work that we are doing now, the work of peace, produce for them to inherit? It is, after all, their history that we are holding right now in our hands. We cannot fail them.

I thank you for this opportunity.

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GUINEA

François Lonseny Fall, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República de Guinea

Monsieur le Président, Excellences, Mesdames et Messieurs,

II y a 70 ans, naissait l'Organisation des Nations Unies, dans le but de créer un monde de paix, de sécurité et de progrès économique et social.

Mus par ces nobles idéaux, nous avons ensemble éteint de nombreux foyers de tension, semé les germes de la confiance entre des peuples, redonne l'espoir à des populations et ouvert la voie de la prospérité pour toutes les nations.

Au-delà de ces indéniables acquis, l'état du monde nous autorise à porter un regard sur le chemin à parcourir, pour assurer à nos peuples la véritable quiétude leur permettant un épanouissement harmonieux, dans un environnement plus sûr et plus équitable.

La paix, la sécurité et les droits de l'homme, demeurent en effet, les fondements de notre prospérité.

Or, faut-il le reconnaître, la prospérité que nous voulons, partagée, est gravement menacée par de nouvelles entraves à la stabilité et au progrès universel.

La violence refait surface sur fond d'extrémisme et d'intolérance. Le développement pour tous, peine à se concrétiser par l'enracinement de l'extrême pauvreté et ses corollaires. L'exclusion, source de frustration, met en péril la démocratie et la bonne gouvernance. Autant de vecteurs qui alimentent les flux de la dramatique migration, véritable saignée des forces productives du sud, qui, nécessite une réponse urgente, globale et durable.

Monsieur le Président,

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Notre attachement au maintien de la paix s'est matérialisé pour la première fois au Proche orient. Mais cette région est, aujourd'hui encore, en proie aux secousses qui infligent à ses populations les pires souffrances, dans un déni des droits fondamentaux a la liberté, à la dignité et au bien-être.

La Palestine est toujours occupée. Son peuple doit jouir de tous ses droits dans les limites d'un Etat aux frontières sores et internationalement reconnues, avec Jérusalem Est comme capitale.

Nous exhortons la communauté internationale à tout mettre en pour la reprise des négociations entre Israël et Etat de Palestine, condamnés à vivre côte à côte.

C'est le gage de la sécurité de cette partie du monde plongée dans les affres d'une crise multiforme aux conséquences humanitaires tragiques.

Concernant l'Afrique qui sort peu à peu de sa torpeur en renouant avec la croissance, elle s'investit dans des mécanismes de renforcement de ses capacités en matière de défense et de sécurité dans le cadre d'une autonomisation responsable pour la stabilité de ses Etats.

II va sans dire que nos efforts tendront à mettre un terme à tous les foyers de tension qui entravent le progrès démocratique, au moment où nous assistons à une flambée du terrorisme dont les ramifications n'épargnent désormais aucune région.

Nous devons trouver les voies et moyens pour endiguer ce fléau qui frappe nos populations dans leur chair, s'attaque aux symboles de nos nations et entraîne des crises humanitaires profondes.

Il est évident que ce pari ne saura être gagné sans une dynamique participative et concertée de nos peuples et de nos pays à la définition de politiques et programmes de développement inclusifs, rempart contre la marginalisation, source de frustration et de repli.

Ce pari est également tributaire de notre détermination à éliminer les inégalités économiques et les disparités sociales afin de maintenir la stabilité mondiale.

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II s'agit donc de consacrer la culture démocratique garante des droits humains et des libertés fondamentales sur le socle de relations internationales plus justes et plus équitables.

Monsieur le Président, agenda de développement post- 2015 qui intègre les dimensions économique, sociale et environnementale du développement durable.

La réalisation des 17 objectifs de cet ambitieux programme nécessitera, l'évidence, une mobilisation de ressources adéquates qui garantira, entre autres, aux jeunes, des emplois décents et dotera les femmes d'aptitudes nécessaires a leur épanouissement et a leur autonomisation.

Cela n'est cependant possible que dans un environnement sain et protégé. Voilà pourquoi, nous fondons l'espoir que la prochaine conférence mondiale sur le climat, à Paris, la COP21, débouchera sur un accord contraignant pour assurer la survie de notre planète.

D'ores et déjà, nous exhortons tous les Etats membres et les partenaires contribuer au Fonds vert pour le climat.

Monsieur le Président, Aucune prospérité ne peut se bàtir sur l'instabilité. La communauté internationale a l'obligation d'assumer ses responsabilités pour faire de notre planète un endroit sûr où s'affirmera davantage le génie créateur de l'homme.

II nous appartient, sous le parapluie d'un partenariat mondial, de renforcer notre action collective pour que la paix se répande sur l'univers pour cristalliser les idéaux qui ont conduit à la création de notre organisation.

Pour ce faire, nous devons adapter notre vision de la gestion des affaires mondiales à la réalité du moment.

Nous ne le dirons jamais assez, le système international doit être reformé. II doit permettre à tous de participer pleinement à l'évolution du monde.

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Le temps est venu pour faire de l'Organisation des Nations unies, le tremplin pour mergence et le rayonnement d'une véritable société mondiale.

Le temps est venu de faire de cette prestigieuse enceinte, le moule de la solidarité partagée.

II est grand temps de faire de ce merveilleux outil le temple de la promotion de la paix, de 1'équité et de la justice.

La République de Guinée, demeure convaincue de la nécessité de renforcer le rôle de l'Assemblée Générale et de démocratiser le conseil de sécurité.

C'est pourquoi, elle salue l'initiative de la France et du Mexique pour l'encadrement de l'usage du droit de veto en cas d'atrocités de masse.

Toutefois, cette mesure de nature à préserver la paix et le respect des droits humains, doit revêtir un caractère universel, équitable et applicable toutes les régions du monde.

Monsieur le Président, La détente, concept clé des relations internationales, est irremplaçable dans l'équilibre du monde.

Le règlement pacifique du nucléaire iranien et le rapprochement tant souhaite entre les Etats - Unis d'Amérique et Cuba qui doit déboucher sur la levée de l'embargo constituent un pas important dans l'instauration d'un climat de paix et de sécurité propice à la promotion d'une coopération mutuellement avantageuse.

L'histoire vient ainsi de prouver une fois encore, qu'en privilégiant les vertus de la négociation et du dialogue à l'usage de la force, il était possible d'aplanir les divergences les plus profondes.

Notre conviction en l'efficacité du multilatéralisme demeure inébranlable. C'est la seule alternative pour faire face aux défis de plus en plus nombreux et complexes qui se dressent sur le chemin du progrès tant ambitionné par nos peuples.

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Notre pays ne ménagera aucun effort pour participer à cette exaltante entreprise, surtout au moment où il s'ancre dans la dynamique démocratique qui se matérialisera le 11 octobre 2015, par la tenue dans la transparence de l'élection présidentielle.

Dans ce cadre, je voudrais saluer le rôle prépondérant des Nations unies et de tous les partenaires dans le processus de dialogue qui a abouti à la signature de accord global du 20 août 2015 entre la mouvance présidentielle et l'opposition.

Cette élection marquera pour notre pays un nouveau départ vers son véritable développement économique et social.

Au demeurant, la Guinée peut se réjouir des bonnes dispositions de la communauté internationale qui l'a toujours accompagnée dans ses efforts de matérialisation des aspirations légitimes de son peuple.

L'exceptionnelle mobilisation de la communauté internationale dans le combat pour l'éradication de pidémie a virus hémorragique Ebola ainsi que son engagement à soutenir notre programme de reconstruction, s'inscrivent dans cet élan de solidarité.

C'est pourquoi, Monsieur le Président, en vous adressant nos vives félicitations, nous appréhendons déjà, l'immense travail qui vous attend et dans l'accomplissement duquel, la Guinée vous apportera son indéfectible soutien.

Vous bénéficiez, assurément, des actions positives de votre prédécesseur Sam Kutesa dont le dévouement et la compétence ont donné plus d'élan à notre engagement collectif.

Votre action conjuguée à celle de notre Secrétaire général Ban Ki-moon que nous félicitons et encourageons pour son inestimable contribution au renforcement du multilatéralisme, concourra à rendre l'ONU plus apte à répondre aux légitimes aspirations de l'humanité.

Je vous remercie.

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GUINEA BISSAU

JOAO SOARES DA GAMA, Representante Permanente de la República de Guinea Bissau ante las Naciones Unidas

Your Excellency, Mr. Mogens Lykketoft, President of the 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly, Your Excellencies, Heads of State and Government, Your Excellency, Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ladies and gentlemen,

His Excellency Mr. José Mário Vaz, President of the Republic of Guinea- Bissau, has honoured me with the task of conveying his congratulations for your election as President of this historic 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly and his wishes for great success.

We would also like to commend your predecessor, Mr. Sam Kutesa, for the wise and dignified manner in which he conducted the work of the previous Session of the UN General Assembly.

Your Excellency's election to the Presidency of this Session takes place at a time when all the nations of the world decided to adopt the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to lead humanity toward a new direction and to promote a more just world for all. We believe that, with your broad experience and under your leadership, we can get underway toward an effective implementation of this agenda.

As we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the United Nations, which coincides with the 42nd anniversary of our independence, Guinea-Bissau continues to experience instability, which is reflected in its vulnerabilities and difficulties in establishing foundations that are conducive to the creation of a stable State, focused primarily on development, to fulfil the dream of Amílcar Cabral, the father of the Bissau-Guinean nation.

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While other nations in the world seize this moment to assert their statehood and consolidate their institutions, Guinea-Bissau remains in the phase of search for solutions to our domestic problems of various natures.

The current political situation in Guinea-Bissau shows that our country is still striving to move from fragility to stability.

Mr. President, Despite the recurrent instability, Bissau-Guineans have never doubted the feasibility of our country, as we believe in our capacity to overcome this challenge once again. Our determination to build the viable State of which we all dream is and will always remain intact. Our capacity to overcome difficulties and achieve great feats was gloriously demonstrated by our Fighters for the Freedom of the Homeland, who brought about our independence 42 years ago in an exemplary manner under the wise leadership of our much missed Amílcar Cabral and in the context of his Minimum Program.

Today, more than ever, we are resolute in achieving the Maximum Program of this glorious struggle, promoting social and economic development, and the preservation of environment in our country.

With the return to constitutional normality, the government emerging from the April 2014, Legislative elections, in synergy with other institutions of sovereignty, we made efforts, to provide basic conditions required to relaunch our country's economy, and be able to face the new challenges for the consolidation of peace and security in the country.

To this end, the 2015-2025 Terra Ranka" Development Strategy, presented in March 2015 in Brussels was discussed and approved at national level and strongly supported by the International Community, will guide the continuity government's actions, now under the leadership of His Excellency Mr. Carlos Correia. This development strategy is consistent with the goals established in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted one week ago by this General Assembly.

We are convinced that the full implementation of this agenda, will greatly contribute not only to our country's sustainable development, but also to the establishment of conditions

123 for definitive peace and stability in the country. In this regard, once again, from this podium, I would like to appeal to the partners and friends of Guinea-Bissau to honour the commitments undertaken in Brussels.

Mr. President, Conflict resolution was one of the primary goals that led to the establishment of our organization in 1945. And today, this same goal continues to be our priority and one of our greatest challenges.

Current conflicts emerge for several reasons and take on ever more sophisticated forms, making it even more difficult to resolve. These difficulties are explained in part and essentially by the inaction on the part of United Nations agencies responsible for their resolution.

There is no political or geopolitical justification for a deadlocked United Nations in the face of the tragedies caused by the conflicts in the Middle East and other regions of the world. Its latest manifestation is the refugee crisis, for which we have the moral responsibility to find a solution.

In this regard, I would like to commend the European Union and other countries for their solidarity in providing the required humanitarian assistance and welcoming refugees.

Mr. President, Issues related to the African continent continue to largely dominate the agenda of the United Nations Security Council, and represent nine of the 16 UN Peacekeeping Operations. Therefore the voice of this continent with 54 countries must be heard and considered in the management of conflicts, and our legitimate claim for two permanent seats and broader representation as non-permanent members on the United Nations Security Council must be heeded.

We reiterate our unceasing appeal for a reform of the United Nations Security Council, based on our belief that the original reasons for the establishment of this important organization have historical significance but do not reflect the world's current political reality.

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We also express our support for permanent seats for Brazil, India, Japan, and Germany.

Mr. President, We continue to believe that preventive diplomacy can prove to be more efficient in preventing and resolving conflicts. We believe that the best way to prevent conflicts would be to invest more in combating poverty, promoting gender equality, education, the struggle against social discrimination, and preserving the environment.

The full implementation of the Sustainable Development Agenda adopted last week, is without a doubt a step on the right direction and Guinea- Bissau reiterates its commitment on achieving this agenda in its precise terms.

In this context, the fulfilment of commitments undertaken by our partners with respect to public aid to development and other funds for development becomes critical for the most vulnerable countries, such as LDCs and Small Island Developing States, like Guinea-Bissau.

Mr. President, For many years, it has been a tradition for our country to take this podium to appeal for the lifting of the economic and financial embargo imposed by the United States of America against Cuba.

Today, we would like to welcome the reestablishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, which were broken since 1961.

We appeal that the Cuban people is given an opportunity so that they can take full advantage of their potential, and freely pursue economic and financial relations with other States and peoples of the world. Therefore, we encourage the United States of America and Cuba to proceed with negotiations toward the normalization of their relations and the total lifting of the embargo.

We hope and wish that the main actors in the Israel-Palestinian peace process draw inspiration from this example and engage in diplomatic negotiations toward the peaceful coexistence of two States.

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We welcome the nuclear agreement between the International Community and Iran and hope that this will result on the normalization of relations with the rest of world, as we firmly believe that the world will be totally secure only if there is indeed a total and complete nuclear disarmament.

Climate changes are an undeniable reality that dangerously threatens the existence of humanity. In this regard, it is important that we all commit to fulfil our responsibilities with the environment by taking into account the Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibility.

The conference on climate change, which will take place in Paris next December, will undoubtedly offer a new opportunity for the world to correct their behaviour with respect to nature.

Therefore we believe that it may produce a robust commitment on the part of the Member States to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and make the necessary funds available for the developing countries, to address environmental challenges.

I could not conclude my statement without expressing our gratitude to all our development partners, the United Nations in particular, for the continued follow up of the situation in our country, and for their engagement and commitments to the Brussels Round Table of last March on financing our Strategic operational Program of development. Guinea-Bissau and its people are counting with all of you.

Thank you.

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GUINEA ECUATORIAL

Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue, Vicepresidente Segundo de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial

Señor Presidente, Distinguidos Delegados, Excelencias, Señoras y Señores,

Me complace tomar la palabra en esta Magna Asamblea, en representación de Su Excelencia Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, Presidente de la República de Guinea Ecuatorial, quien, por múltiples obligaciones de Estado, no ha podido estar aquí hoy.

Guinea Ecuatorial participa en esta Sesión Ordinaria de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas con un espíritu renovado de nuestra fe y confianza en el relevante papel que tiene esta Organización para promover la paz, la seguridad y la estabilidad de nuestras Naciones, a fin de crear las condiciones básicas para el bienestar de los seres humanos.

Movido esta confianza, mi delegación felicita al señor Mogens Lykketoft, por su unánime elección. Vuestra elección, Señor Presidente, corresponde efectivamente a la confianza que tiene la Comunidad Internacional sobre el rigor de vuestro país en el tratamiento de las cuestiones internacionales.

Tenga la seguridad de que, durante su ejercicio como Presidente de esta Asamblea General, contará siempre con el apoyo y la colaboración del Gobierno de la Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial.

Queremos felicitar al mismo tiempo al Excelentísimo Señor Sam Kutesa, Presidente de la sesenta y nueve sesión de la asamblea general, por su elogiable labor llevada a cabo durante se ejercicio, con la toma de importantes decisiones que marcaran la andadura de las Naciones Unidas por la democratización y revitalización de sus instituciones, así como por la universalidad de sus decisiones.

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Igualmente, aprovechamos la ocasión para felicitar cordialmente al Secretario General de las Naciones Unidas, el Señor Ban Ki Moon, por sus incesantes esfuerzos en enfrentar los desafíos complejos que afronta nuestra Organización y le ofrecemos nuestro apoyo y colaboración para conseguir todo el éxito en sus tareas.

Excelencias, Señores y Señoras, Pese al intento de algunos de monopolizar el sistema de las Naciones Unidas por sus intereses inconfesados, la República de Guinea Ecuatorial nunca ha perdido su fe y confianza en el papel relevante que debe desempeñar la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, en cuanto al mantenimiento de la paz y seguridad internacional y en la promoción de los derechos fundamentales del ser humano para garantizar su bienestar integral.

La Organización de las Naciones Unidas constituye la única instancia mundial en la que todos los estados deben tener fe y confianza, como rezan sus estatutos, todos los países están representados con el principio de la igualdad soberana de los Estados; con el principio democrático del respeto a la opinión mayoritaria, así como por el principio del respeto a sus propias decisiones.

Los acontecimientos ocurridos en este cuarto de siglo del milenio 2000 recelan cierta debilidad del papel de las Naciones Unidas en cuanto a la prevención y eliminación de conflictos entre estados, el mantenimiento de la paz y la seguridad internacional y la promoción del desarrollo económico y el bienestar de los estados.

Observamos con preocupación una proliferación de conflictos armados en África, Europa y Oriente Medio, así como, las inestabilidades provocadas en los países del tercer mundo; el avance progresivo del terrorismo en diversas partes del mundo; el narcotráfico y las inmigraciones incontroladas causadas por estos conflictos. Todo ello indica que las Naciones Unidas tienen mucho más que hacer, cuyos Miembros deben actuar con carácter solidario y en relación a los principios y objetivos de la Carta que deben unificar su acción.

En nuestra opinión, las Naciones Unidas no constituye un cuerpo de gendarmes que actúa como tal para disuadir los conflictos entre Estados. Los Estados miembros de3 las Naciones Unidas deben someterse a las normas del Derecho Internacional, de las justicia y del respeto

128 de los derechos del hombre, así como del estricto respeto de tales normas. Deben producir consecuentemente la paz, la estabilidad y el desarrollo de las naciones.

Sin embargo, parece que hoy impera la ley del más fuerte y del más astuto, situación que naturalmente provoca rebeldías que pueden desembocar en las corrientes actuales de terrorismo.

Excelentísimos señores, Creemos que el éxito de las Naciones Unidas no depende de la habilidad del Presidente de la Asamblea General, ni de los Presidentes de los Órganos instituidos de las Naciones Unidas, ni mucho menos de la inteligencia del Secretario General. Muchas denuncias que se producen en este escenario contra la actuación, principios y objetivos de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas suceden a diario, sin la mínima preocupación de los responsables porque consideran sus intereses superiores a los principios de las Naciones Unidas.

El resultado está ahí: de tantas guerras y conflictos surgen los refugiados y campos de concentración de estos; las inmigraciones masivas de personas en busca de lugares de acogida en los países con cierta estabilidad u prosperidad económica.

La baja del precio del petróleo y otros productos de intercambio en los mercados internacionales, que tiene una repercusión negativa para el desarrollo económico de los países productores, es el resultado del pillaje registrado en los países víctimas de los conflictos armados, cuyos productos se toman como trofeo de guerra.

En definitiva, estamos recolectando los frutos negativos de nuestra propia acción destructiva y esto no constituye el objetivo de Naciones Unidas.

Guinea Ecuatorial es un pequeño Estado del continente africano y sobrevive gracias a la prudencia de su gobierno, a la disponibilidad de su pueblo y a la cooperación solidaria de los países amigos. Hemos soportado atentados de invasiones mercenarias apoyadas por potencias armamentistas que no tenían otro objetivo que apoderarse de los recursos petroleros de nuestro país, pero afortunadamente las medidas de prevención y cautela abortaron de los intentos de los agresores.

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No contentos con esta agresión, nuestro país está siendo sometido a una campaña sistemática de acusaciones infundadas de violación de derechos humanos, de una miseria total que no tenemos vergüenza de denunciarlo aquí porque la República de Guinea Ecuatorial está abierta a todo el mundo que conoce los éxitos alcanzados por el país en su proceso de desarrollo socio-político.

Al concluir el programa adoptado pos las Naciones Unidas sobre los objetivos de desarrollo del milenio, Guinea Ecuatorial se presenta con la satisfacción de haber alcanzado mejores niveles en el cumplimiento de dichos objetivos.

En efecto, el plan de desarrollo de Guinea Ecuatorial hacia el Horizonte 2020 define los siguientes objetivos:  Construir infraestructuras de base de orden internacional para mejorar la productividad y acelerar el crecimiento económico.  Reforzar el capital humano y mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos.  Construir una economía diversificada basada en cuatro pilares sectoriales: sector energético, minero, pesca, piscicultura, agricultura, ganadería y, por último, el sector servicios.  Implantar una gobernanza de calidad al servicio del ciudadano.

El éxito en la ejecución de este programa nos ha permitido cumplir con los objetivos prioritarios del desarrollo del milenio.

Excelencias, Señoras y Señores,

En lo que concierne a la reforma de los Órganos de las Naciones Unidas, Guinea Ecuatorial reitera su firme compromiso a la postura de la Unión Africana, Basada en el Consenso de Ezulwini y la Declaración de Sirte, consistentes en la reclamación de dos puestos permanentes y cinco no permanentes en el Consejo de Seguridad de las Naciones Unidas, con todas las obligaciones, derechos y privilegios que conllevan dichos puestos.

Queremos aprovechar esta ocasión para felicitar a los gobiernos de los Estados Unidos de América y la Republica de Cuba por el restablecimiento de sus relaciones diplomáticas y pedimos que culmine con el levantamiento del embargo contra la Republica de Cuba.

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En lo que respecta al Cambio Climático, Guinea Ecuatorial comparte íntegramente la preocupación del resto de la Comunidad Internacional, al considerar que nuestro planeta tierra, vive actualmente bajo la amenaza de su propia existencia; para ello todos deberíamos contribuir cada cual en la medida de sus posibilidades a frenar este fenómeno.

Por lo tanto, las zonas del Amazonas en América del Sur y de la Cuenca del Congo en África Central que constituyen dos pulmones del mundo para las conservaciones del Medio Ambiente y la Biodiversidad, deben merecer una atención especial en la próxima conferencia del París sobre el Cambio Climático.

Concluimos expresando nuestra plena disposición como Estado Miembro de las Naciones Unidas para contribuir en todos los procesos que conllevan a mejorar el funcionamiento de esta Organización Mundial, deseando que esta Sesión Ordinaria de la Asamblea General sea coronada de éxitos.

Muchas gracias.

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KENIA

Uhuru Kenyatta, Presidente de la República de Kenia

His Excellency Mr. Mogens Lykketoft, President of the 70th Session of United Nations General Assembly, His Excellency Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Excellencies, Heads of State and Government,

It is my pleasure to speak at this 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly. Let me congratulate you, Mr. President, on your election as President of this historic session. We are confident that your vast diplomatic experience will steer you and contribute to the achievement of the objectives you have set. Kenya fully supports your leadership, and will constructively engage with you towards realizing the objectives of this historic session.

Mr. President, 70 years ago, in the aftermath of the Second World War, the globe witnessed the establishment of the United Nations with the objective of saving succeeding generations from the recurrence of war: Thereafter, the world took up the challenge to defeat colonialism and its ideologies. That era was also seen as the precursor to greater global equality, increased social equity and the beginning of the fight against mass poverty. It led to democracy and freedom.

Today, the 70th Anniversary of the founding of the United Nations is being celebrated against a backdrop of numerous global challenges. The adverse effects of globalization, the debilitating consequences of the global economic and financial crisis and the negative effects of climate change have increased the vulnerability of the global economy and affected United Nations member states to varying degrees. Today, just as in the last 70 years, the challenges and aspirations faced by developing countries, including peace and security, development, protection of human rights, environmental conservation and global governance remain as real and relevant as ever, and they are expected to continue to be of primary concern for a number of United Nations Member States in the coming years.

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Mr. President, The maintenance of international peace and security continues to face increasing challenges due to the increased intensity and complexities in conflicts in the Middle East and Africa, especially in the Great Lakes region, Horn of Africa and in the Sahel. The continued grave security situation in Eastern Africa and further afield is of particular concern to Kenya. Kenya has continued to invest billions of shillings in the maintenance of regional peace and security, while many Kenyan lives have been lost in our quest for peace. Kenya therefore, implores the international community, in particular the United Nations Security Council to shoulder its responsibility in a manner that has a direct impact to the resolution of tho promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at 6 of the SDGs in order to realize sustainable peace all over the world.

Global terrorism and violent extremism remain a major threat not only to the Republic of Kenya but also to the entire world. In the recent past, Al-Shabaab terrorists have been targeting the civilian population in Kenya on the pretext that Kenya has deployed her troops in Somalia. The continued threat by Al-Shabaab has had a great impact on Kenya's national security and economy at large. Kenya therefore calls upon the international community 1o take strong, and enforceable action in tackling Al-Shabaab and other terrorist groups including the phenomenon of foreign fighters. At the same time, we must collectively address the radicalization of the youth as the pipeline for global terrorism and its financing at the grassroots, where most of the youth are radicalized.

Mr. President. Somalia remains an important neighbour of Kenya. Kenya and Somalia share strong historical, cultural and trading ties that have benefited both societies. Somalia remains of major concern to the international community and Kenya in particular, due to the long standing crises and security situation, which remains a grave threat to peace and security in Eastern African region, as well as the entire Horn of Africa. While AI-Shabaab's capacity to launch terrorist acts inside Somalia has been diminished, AI-Shabaab's continued presence in Somalia has a negative impact on the security, stability and prosperity of Somalia.

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Kenya Defence-Forces within the framework of African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) will continue working closely with the Somalia National Army. Despite the threat posed by Al-Shabaab militants on Kenya, we will stand firm in support of the Federal Government of Somalia and the people of Somalia. Kenya therefore calls on the international community to support the Federal Government of Somalia in securing its territory. We remain committed together with other international partners in providing the necessary support to the Federal Government Vision 2016".

Kenya is concerned about the emerging governance and humanitarian crisis in South Sudan in the aftermath of the political crisis since 2013. The crisis in South Sudan remains an issue of great concern not only to Kenya but to the IGAD region and the larger international community. Kenya welcomes the recently signed peace treaty and calls upon both parties to seek a peaceful solution to the conflict, and urges the international community, especially the United Nations to support IGAD Plus Peace Initiative's efforts geared towards the realization of comprehensive, just and sustainable peace in South Sudan through the enforcement of peace and security arrangements, support for institutions of governance and democracy, support for the de-militarization of South Sudan and response to the current humanitarian crisis. South Sudan, Mr. President, needs to get to the path of peace, development and reconstruction, and to do so urgently.

Mr. President, At the beginning of this millennium we adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Since then, the MDGs have galvanized and catalyzed international action towards eradicating poverty and other social targets. The goals demonstrated that a set of development goals and targets can be important drivers of change. Indeed, where successfully implemented, the MDGs have had a positive impact on the lives of millions of people. But the results have been mixed and uneven across countries. Many developing countries remain off track and have not been able to meet their 2015 deadline.

This therefore made it necessary to begin a global process to shape a new development agenda, with the starting point being the unfinished business of the MDGs and creation of a truly transformative and inclusive development agenda as was agreed at the United Nations Summit on Sustainable Development held in 2012 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development"

134 therefore seeks to address transformative challenges which cut across the social, economic and environmental dimensions of development. But transformation and inclusion does not mean that we abandon our responsibility to support countries in greatest need, on the contrary, we must redouble our efforts as an international community to ensure that no one is left behind, and, indeed, that no country is left.

Mr. President, 2015 will be remembered in history as the year during which important conferences were held, that placed the world on a sustainable development path, beginning in March with the high-level meeting on disaster risk reduction, the July conference on financing for development and the just concluded Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" whose ambitious outcome has put us on a path to a new sustainable development agenda, with a set of sustainable development goals. The forthcoming climate change summit in November/December this year in Paris, France is expected to reach an inclusive, balanced, ambitious, and acceptable climate change agreement, including its financing, which will turn plans into actions. Mr. President, the Paris Conference must succeed, failure is not an option.

The Third UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in March, 2015 in Sendal, Japan, underscored the importance of promoting disaster risk reduction efforts at the international and regional levels as well as the national and local levels. The conference noted that the cost of addressing the effects of disaster risk remains a burden to many countries. As a result, this continues to undermine efforts to address poverty eradication and food security amongst other challenges. Going forward, the conference agreed that it would be important to mitigate the effects of disaster risk by puffing in place resilience measures. Member States would have to undertake reduction of disaster losses, in lives and in the social, economic and environmental assets of communities. The conference called for full commitment and involvement of all actors concerned, including governments, regional and international organizations, and civil society including volunteers, the private sector and the scientific community.

The conference also called on-Governments to mobilize the required means of implementation in order to address the effects of disaster risk reduction. This requires building of the required capacities especially in defining risk and mainstreaming risk pricing in order to inform priorities in public expenditures. While capacity building should

135 cover enhanced global risk analysis and extend to local authorities and sub-national levels for effective implementation. Risk management has to form part of the development policies of governments and should be mainstreamed at all levels of national development. In order to address the risk reduction, there should be a sound follow-up mechanism for monitoring and accountability. We are glad to note that disaster risk reduction is part of the new sustainable development Agenda.

Mr. President, The Third Conference on Financing for Development (FfD) held in July, 2015, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia reached important decisions as a follow-up on the commitments of the Monterrey and Doha, to further strengthen their framework to financing sustainable development. The conference outcome document focused on both financial and non- financial means of implementation. The required resources will have to be obtained through domestic resource mobilization; domestic and international private and business finance; and international public finance, which include, Overseas Development Assistance.

However, domestic resource mobilization remains key in raising required resources to finance development. This calls for the need to address fiscal constraints within the available fiscal space, supported by strengthening of capacities for tax authorities. The non-financial means which include international trade as an engine of development; debt and debt sustainability; addressing systemic issues; science, technology, innovation and capacity building and data monitoring and follow-up have to be implemented. This being said, the role of aid and ODA remains key to the valued and credibility on international development cooperation, it is therefore imperative that development partners continue to redouble their efforts to support and finance programmes in developing countries.

Kenya places importance on domestic resource mobilization to cover both her recurrent and development commitments. We have noted the importance of public international finance as a complement to the domestic public resources, and we have therefore put in place a Kenya External Resources Policy with emphasis on sourcing concessional or semi- concessional support for key projects. To effectively coordinate delivery of external aid architecture, we have put in place initiatives to fully implement the 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid . Kenya therefore remains committed to putting in place appropriate follow-up and review mechanisms, which will ensure that all the means of implementation are reviewed periodically. Going forward, we need to address capacity deficits in key

136 institutions such as our national statistical offices in order to enable them capture quality, timely and reliable data required for the follow-up and review process.

Mr. President, I wish to express my appreciation to the United Nations Secretary-General for the successful outcome of the Summit for the Post 2015 Development Agenda, Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". A few days ago, we adopted a bold, ambitious and transformative sustainable development agenda for the next 15 years. This pact was a culmination of more than three years of intergovernmental negotiation process, which began with the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio, Brazil in 2012. We are glad to note that the Agenda recognizes ending poverty in all its forms everywhere as its overarching goal. The goals and targets set by the agenda are universal and will apply to all countries while recognizing different realities and capabilities.

This new Agenda recognizes that sustainable development cannot be realized without peace and security; and peace and security will be at risk without sustainable development. This therefore calls for building peaceful, inclusive and well-governed societies with responsive institutions as the basis for shared prosperity. Fundamentally, the agenda reckons that we cannot reach our development goals without addressing human rights and complex humanitarian issues at the same time. The Agenda addresses the requirements for all humanity to be able to live decent lives free from poverty, hunger and inequality, with all men and women, girls and boys able to develop their full potential. It commits all of us to be responsible global citizens, caring for the less fortunate as well as for our planet's ecosystem and climate action on which all life depends. It is important to note that, the agenda received valuable inputs from civil society, the private sector, academia, parliamentarians and millions of people from every corner of the world who shared their the world we want".

Mr. President, Kenya was honoured and proud for the important role it played in the Post 2015 Development Agenda process, by Co-Chairing the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and by Co-facilitating the intergovernmental negotiations on the Post 2015 Development Agenda. It is now the responsibility of all countries to implement this new Universal Development Agenda. The relevant means for achieving this

137 have been developed and integrated in the sustainable development goals to be complemented by the outcome of the Third Conference on Financing for Development which I referred to earlier. Implementation and follow-up will be critical. We will therefore need all partners on board to make this a success.

To complete our new path to sustainable development, we look forward to the Twenty-First Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP2) in November-December, 2015 in Paris, France. COP21 remains a crucial conference, during which global leaders need the political will to reach the expected outcome that will enable the conference to achieve a new international agreement on the climate, applicable to all countries, with the aim of keeping global warming below 2°C. We therefore commend the efforts of France in facilitating the search for consensus by the United Nations in climate negotiations. Similarly, Kenya will continue to constructively engage to ensure that we reach a universal, meaningf Paris 2015".

Mr. President, Kenya is happy to note that efforts to deepen our regional integration within the East African Community (EAC) continue to bear fruit. The FAC remains one of the fastest growing regional integration bodies and we hope this will continue. The EAC remains committed to widening and deepening co-operation among its Partner States in political, economic and social fields for their mutual benefit.

Over the years, the EAC has expanded its membership from the three founding Partner States to five, which are Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. This signifies a wider market that bears great strategic and geopolitical significance and prospects of a renewed and reinvigorated East African Community.

Much progress has been recorded in the EAC since the establishment of the East African Customs Union in 2005. We are glad that much more progress continues to be recorded since the establishment of the Common Market in 2010. Subsequently, the Protocol for the establishment of the East African Monetary Union is already in place and its implementation is underway. We remain committed to fast-track the process towards an East African Federation as a demonstration of the determination by the people of East Africa to construct a powerful and sustainable East African economic and political bloc.

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Mr. President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Looking into the fut The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" has brought a new dawn for global development. We must collectively avoid the pitfalls of the past 70 years. We must focus all efforts to ending poverty and to promoting sustainable peace and security. We should remain ambitious, yet practical, in order to bring real change to the lives of poor people, as well as guarantee the sustainability of our planet. Kenya will remain r The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". We will build on our experience from the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). At the same time, Kenya will pay special attention to fundamental sustainable development issues that were previously left out of the MDGs framework, especially strengthening the means of implementation and revitalizing global partners for sustainable development, as well as the promotion of peaceful and inclusive societies which remains critical for the realization peace and security, and sustainable development.

In conclusion Mr. President, I assure you that Kenya remains committed to continuing to play its rightful role in the global community to remain an anchor of peace and security in our region and foster regional, continental and global cooperation for accelerated economic and social development and prosperity for all.

I thank you

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LESOTO

Pakalitha B. Mosisili, Primer Ministro del Reino de Lesoto

Mr. President, Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government, Your Excellency Mr, Ban Ki Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

At the onset, let me congratulate you, Mr. President, on your well-deserved election to preside over our deliberations during this 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly. Your impeccable credentials and experience assure us of a successful Session. I also wish to assure you of my delegation's full support and co-operation during your tenure of office. Turning seventy is not only an auspicious event for humanity but it assumes added significance and importance for an Organization that has presided over many of humanity's trials, failures and successes. We recall with pride that many countries in Africa were ushered into the glee of independence through the united efforts of this august Body. It is for this reason that we make an impassioned plea for the UN to now address the unfinished business in North Africa and the Middle East.

Allow me to take this opportunity to commend your predecessor, His Excellency Mr. Sam Kutesa, for his outstanding leadership during the 69th Session. My delegation truly appreciates his tireless devotion to the onerous responsibilities entrusted to him during the past year. I should also thank the Secretary General Mr. Ban Ki Moon for the lucid report tabled before this Session. The report provides valuable insights into the state of our Organization and highlights a roadmap that will steer us into the future. We further recognize and appreciate the tedious work our Secretary General performs throughout the year, dousing flames of discord wherever they occur and applaud him for sharing the joy of our Organization's successes.

Mr. President,

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The UN was founded on the conviction that the nations of the world can and should cooperate to resolve conflicts peacefully; and to change people's lives for the better. It further established conditions for justice and respect for international law and promotion of socio-economic development in the world. As the UN turns seventy, that abiding conviction of our forebears must be steadfastly reaffirmed and their sense of purpose reasserted. It is in this context, that we hail, as most appropriate, the theme chosen for our General Debate, namely: "The UN at 70: Peace, Security and Human Rights".

As the world's only truly universal global organization, the UN has, over the years, become the most important and relevant forum for addressing issues that transcend national boundaries. For the past 70 years, this Organization has worked tirelessly to buttress the foundations of global security, as well as the safety and well-being of the world citizenry.

As a result of the work of the UN, in many countries corrupt dictatorships have given way to new democracies and millions around the world today, breathe the fresh air of freedom. Other notable moments of glory in the track record of the UN include its successful conflict resolution and peacekeeping initiatives, helping over seventeen million refugees since 1949 and ensuring that governments meet their responsibilities to the fugitives in accordance with UN Conventions. This notable achievement notwithstanding, we are of the firm belief that the world should not continue to churn more refugees but an environment must be created to ensure that a culture of religious and political tolerance is created to stop the flow of refugees.

Another milestone in the work of the United Nations is the adoption of an ambitious Sustainable Development Agenda for the post-2015 period that epitomizes the UN's visionary endeavour to eradicate poverty, address climate change and ensure that prosperity is equitably shared. After frank and constructive negotiations, we adopted, by consensus, a few days ago, the Outcome Document which might not be perfect, but represents the best hope for future prosperity and stability in the world.

Mr. President, Looking at the 17 sustainable development goals, we draw courage and confidence over the fact that most of them resonate so well with the objectives of the new Coalition government which I lead. A very ambitious commitment the leadership of the Coalition Government has made is to ensure that Lesotho emerges from the group of least developed

141 states by 2025, and the practical roadmap under Goal 1 of the SDGs complements programs already in place in Lesotho. We are humbled by the AU's faith in our Country by nominating His Majesty King Letsie III as the Champion for nutrition, a move which will intensify efforts already underway in my Country in the area of nutrition. On the important issue of energy, Lesotho recently launched an innovative Energy Policy which will ensure a substantial increase of renewable energy production leading to increase in affordable energy provision to 50% by the end of this current term of Parliament. These are just a few examples of the development programs Lesotho is committed to implement in the next ten years which are in line with the SDGs just adopted.

Of greater significance is the reform process that we have emphasized in the Coalition Agreement signed after the February, 2015 elections. Lesotho has passed through many political challenges since return to democratic rule in 1993, which placed us on the agenda of SADC for too long. Most of these challenges have tested the resilience and relevance of our Constitution to the limit. We are now in agreement, together with our SADC partners that there is an urgent need to address the issue of Constitutional reform as a first step towards the road to political stability. The Commonwealth has also thrown its weight behind the need for such reforms. Our appeal to this world body is for it to remain seized of this process, offer the necessary guidance whenever the need arises so that Lesotho's dignity can be restored and for peace and stability to reign.

Mr. President, Despite the laudable achievements made by the UN in shaping the form and content of global dialogue and negotiations, the world is still an unequal place, with large parts beset by intolerable poverty and hunger. Thousands still die from malnourishment while many people still live below the poverty line. Small arms and light weapons continue to be illegally traded. These weapons are sometimes used in violent terrorist attacks. The lack of political will to rid the world of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction is obvious to all; the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) is not yet universal, while the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NPT) regime is at the cross roads with some nuclear capable states refusing to sign on.

With the ongoing violence in Syria, Iraq, Yemen and some parts of Africa, from the Sahel to the Democratic Republic of Congo, the capacity of the UN to find lasting solutions to these challenges is tested to the limit. Sadly, the human origin of many of these problems

142 cannot be doubted. Among the most pressing issues for the international community today, is the problem of refugees and mass migration.

As a result of war and the carnage that has exposed the depths of man's cruelty to man, millions of people, in the Middle East and elsewhere, are fleeing across international borders on a scale reminiscent of the Second World War. The numbers crossing the Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea, to reach Europe, despite the attendant risks, are staggering. The refugee problem facing Europe today, will test the limits of the continent's resolve and generosity.

Parallel to the migration crisis is the phenomenon of terrorism. Terrorism has increased world-wide and it has become more brazen and lethal than before.

Terrorist networks are expanding across Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Even as we remain vigilant against the threat of terrorism, we must move beyond a mindset that this menace can be defeated by force of arms alone. We may strike blows against terrorist networks, but if we ignore the fact that political instability and religious and other forms of intolerance fuel extremism, our efforts to root out this menace will be futile.

Mr. President, Climate change is a major challenge facing the world today; and unless it is addressed effectively, it will continue to rewrite the global equation for development, peace and prosperity. We should not let the window of opportunity that will be presented by the Paris Climate Change Conference close without collectively committing to action-oriented solutions that can significantly contribute to reducing emissions. The Paris negotiations should be guided by the spirit of frankness, mutual understanding and the willingness to compromise.

Mr. President, The Doha Development Agenda (DDA) is an issue of importance to Developing Countries which deserves emphasis at every available opportunity. We strongly believe that a well- functioning, rules-based multilateral trading system is in our interest. The bilateral arrangements that we are negotiating should follow the preferences and flexibilities accorded to WTO member states within the multilateral trading system. We therefore make

143 a strong call for the Doha Development Agenda to quickly conclude according to its mandate and fully deliver its development objectives.

Equally important is the need to acknowledge that we will never achieve real development if some sectors of society continue to be marginalized. The role of children and women, as well as other disadvantaged groups in our communities, in advancing the global development agenda, must be further enhanced. As we celebrate the 20th anniversary of the World Programme of Action for Youth (WPAY) this year, through which the United Nations strengthened its commitment to improving the lives of young people, let us resolve to adequately address the development needs and aspirations of young people with more vigour. The seventieth anniversary of the UN offers a unique opportunity to appeal to the Security Council not to use the International Criminal Court in pursuit of the interests of its powerful members. We must acknowledge that in its present form and configuration, it will be an uphill battle for the Security Council to take our concerns on board. The call for the Council to be more transparent, inclusive and democratic needs to be echoed with even more vigour and clarity. A reformed United Nations Security Council, that is in line with the Twenty First Century geopolitical realities, is one that will be reconstructed in accordance with the Ezulwini Consensus and Sirte Declaration. A Security Council, that has the voice of Africa and other marginalized regions in the Permanent Category, will increasingly acquire legitimacy and unconditional acceptance of its decisions.

Mr. President, We must continue to pursue a joint and consensual approach in tackling our challenges; taking decisions collectively and sharing responsibilities.

The General Assembly, in whose name the UN was created, is most suited to fulfil that task. It has continued to serve as the principal policy-malting, deliberative and most representative organ of the UN. It is the only platform on which all countries, big or small, can engage in face-to-face negotiations, as sovereign equals, to seek solutions to the problems facing humanity. The process of Revitalization of the General Assembly must be hastened. The resolutions of this Principal Organ of the UN should no longer be regarded as mere recommendations that can be casually ignored. The need for manifestation of a universal commitment to the principles upon which the UN is based cannot be over- emphasized.

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However, the United Nations is much more than a peacekeeper and a forum for conflict resolution. The UN and its family of agencies are engaged in a vast array of activities that seek to address challenges hindering progress in the improvement of people's lives around the world. As indicated earlier, today's challenges include, amongst others, climate change, food shortages, HIV/AIDs, financial crises, extreme poverty, population growth, urbanization, conflicts, terrorism and mass migration. The common purpose and most complex task within the United Nations family is finding practical and lasting solutions to all these problems.

For our part, Lesotho has initiated an innovative, indigenous consultative process which seeks to galvanize the collective wisdom and energy of leadership at all levels of society, from His Majesty all the way down to local leaders, with the sole purpose to intensify the fight against HIV/AIDs. This consultative process will ensure ownership and accountability of the leadership in all health service delivery processes. We see great wisdom in re- defining the roll out of primary health care, utilizing existing community based leadership structures in an effort to realize the goal of health for all by the year 2030. This comprehensive roll out agenda has all the ingredients so ably articulated in Goal 3 of the SDGs. His Majesty is expected to launch this initiative this month.

As we continue to ponder the most pressing issues and challenges facing the international community today, we should not forget the plight of the Saharawi and the Palestinian peoples. Both the General Assembly and the Security Council have recognized the inalienable right of the Saharawi people to self-determination and independence. We support the call for the resumption of direct negotiations between the Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic and the Kingdom of Morocco on an equal footing and without any pre-conditions. Lesotho continues to fully support the Palestinian people in their decades long Struggle against Israeli occupation and oppression. Peace between Israel and Palestine is an essential cornerstone in the architecture of a comprehensive Middle East peace, a peace that will unlock the creative genius and entrepreneurship of the region. We applaud the current initiatives to normalize relations between Cuba and the United States of America, and urge that the unilateral sanctions on Cuba be removed sooner than later.

Mr. President, However much the world may have changed since 1945, the UN remains the only universal intergovernmental institution that unites us in a global community of sovereign states. Yes,

145 the Organization may have its shortcomings, but it remains a bastion of hope for humanity. Indeed, the President of the 67th Session of the General Assembly correctly made the following observation: "Yet for all its imperfections - which are inherent in any institution shaped by human mind - the UN remains critical to addressing the growing needs of mankind. One cannot simply imagine a world in which peace and the dignity of all could flourish without the United I cannot agree more with him. The responsibility to make the UN function optimally reposes squarely on all of us. Our shared vision and objectives require much more than the reaffirmation of our commitment to the founding principles of the UN. Increased political will is a necessary ingredient for the achievement of the ideals that underpin the UN Charter. We look forward to a rebirth and injection of fresh energy into the UN system so that the next seventy years, will be a period of even greater achievement and success for the Organization. The obligation which the founding members of the UN handed down to us must continue to be carried out with a solemn sense of responsibility by all.

I thank you.

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LIBERIA Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Presidente de la República de Liberia

Mr. President, Mr. Secretary General, Excellencies, Heads of State and Government and Heads of Delegations, Distinguished delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

On this auspicious occasion, the seventieth anniversary of the United Nations, I am honoured to address this august assembly on behalf of the Government and people of Liberia. I congratulate you on your election as President of the Assembly and appreciate the stewardship of your predecessor, H.E. Mr. Sam Kutesa who ably conducted the affairs of the 69th session.

Mr. President, This year has registered ground breaking developments. Paramount among them was the adoption here a few days ago of the Post 2015 Development Agenda: Transforming the world: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by which we committed to implement measures to transform the lives of our peoples - to lift them from poverty to prosperity and to preserve the planet. It was this same vision, which, seventy years ago, motivated the founding of this global organization to promote peaceful coexistence, economic and social advancement of all peoples, respect for human dignity and equal rights of men and women, and nations large and small. I am proud to say that Liberia was among the founding members of the United Nations.

The creation of the United Nations was a realization that only a global organization, through the support and cooperation of the comity of nations, would be suitable to grapple with the many challenges faced by humanity.

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Today, a reduction in interstate conflict, cooperation in the protection and promotion of human rights, and in alleviating global poverty, disease and hunger, etc., have been the hallmark of this body.

On the other hand, increased intra-state conflicts and international terrorism are seeking to undermine the gains made in reducing human suffering. Protracted and intense conflicts in various parts of the world pose serious threat to global peace and security.

Mr. President, Our United Nations is thus called to action by new and emerging challenges. Despite commendable efforts, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and even Europe still have vortexes of conflict. Migrants and people seeking refuge from conflicts and economic hardships are swirling across Europe.

We are haunted by the growing threats of destabilizing forces such as Boko Haram and ISIS as well as attempts to reverse democratic initiatives such as in Burkina Faso which invoked an immediate and decisive ECOWAS response.

Climate conditions are changing and so must we. In many countries of the world, women are still being treated as second-class citizens. And as Liberia bears painful witness, weak public health systems in individual countries threaten global health and wellbeing. It is not beyond this body to find answers and to respond as we know we must.

At seventy, we feel compelled to ask: Is our world organization hindered today by inflexible structures and overburdened by bureaucracies? Is the current structure of the UN fit for purpose - to play its role in the global transformation process over the next 15 years? We are encouraged by the introspection which is taking place at the UN around these questions.

We commend the foresight of the Secretary-General in directing a comprehensive review of peace operations, which is complemented by a review of the organization's peace building architecture and a global study on the implementation of Resolution 1325 on women participation in peace processes.

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After the completion of these reviews, we expect implementation to bring further improvements. Liberia can attest, with gratitude, to the critical and indispensable nature of the UN's peacekeeping and peace building functions for post-conflict countries.

Mr. President, This year we have marked the twentieth anniversary of the historic Beijing Conference and its Plan of Action for Women's empowerment and gender equality. We are also marking the 15th anniversary of resolution 1325 on women's participation in peace processes. And while improvement has been made in the status of women, much more is still to be done. We must step-up" and take further measures beyond moralizing gender equality to tangible actions. At seventy, only three women have served as President of the General Assembly, one of them being our compatriot Mrs. Angie Brooks Randolph. Only a few women serve as special representative of the Secretary General and not a single woman has ever served as Secretary-General.

Excellencies, As we ponder, in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, three countries worst-hit by the deadly Ebola Virus Disease, we bear witness to the foundational creed of the United Nations that we can always find it within our humanity to respond even to unknown enemies to our collective progress. Accordingly, we remain grateful to all of you for the outpouring of support and assistance as we faced down the deadly Ebola Virus Disease, the greatest modern threat to global public health.

We thank Secretary-General Ban who, in partnership with our countries and support from the African Development Bank, the African Union, the European Union and the World Bank hosted the International Conference on Ebola Recovery to focus attention on and seek support for our post-Ebola Recovery Programs.

Undoubtedly, the Ebola scourge leaves indelible marks of grief, sorrow and unimaginable affliction. But it has also caused us to celebrate heart-warming tales of extraordinary courage and leadership across governments and communities as well as exceptional regional and international cooperation.

We are now proceeding with implementation of our Post Ebola Economic Stabilization and Recovery Plan with expectation of support from our bilateral and multilateral partners. We

149 are also committed to a regionally approved Post Ebola Recovery Strategy which the three affected countries of the Mano River Union, have formulated.

Mr. President, We are determined to address the development losses including rebuilding better and more resilient health and education systems. The Addis Ababa Action Agenda, which we adopted in April, offers pathways to various forms of financing, capacity building and technological exchanges to support the pursuit of our development objectives. We must now forge genuine partnerships in order to move ahead together on the road to strengthening peace and security, human rights, socio-economic development and environmental sustainability.

We stand firm in the political will to meet any challenges in our commitment to leave no one behind.

I thank you.

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LIBIA

Agila Saleh Essa Gwaider, President of the House of Representatives

Mr. President, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

As the General Assembly gathers this year, we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the United Nations. Certainly, we have made a lot of achievements over the past seventy years in the economic field, in the protection of human rights and in maintaining international peace and security. However, there were also failures of the organization due to the lack of appropriate structures to effectively deal with the continuous increase in the magnitude and number of the challenges as well as their nature, compared with those that existed at the founding of the United Nations. It goes without saying that the maintenance of international peace and security remains the first priority for our organization. It is also the biggest challenge we face in an evolving world confronted by new complications such as terrorism, proliferation of armed conflicts, natural disasters and climate change; all of which results in humanitarian crises which manifested themselves in different forms like refugees, displaced persons and illegal immigrants.

The United Nations members are in need now more than ever for consultation, cooperation and mutual assistance to address common challenges, and to ensure a better future for the generations to come.

The Charter of the United Nations stipulates that the organization has been established to save the future generations from the scourge of war. However, this goal remains elusive. Although armed conflicts between nations were reduced, but the ideological, ethnic and sectarian conflicts within states continue to spread dramatically. It is accompanied by unprecedented violations of Human Rights, over and above the spread of terrorist organizations. Its emergence is a key driver of conflict and instability in many countries, especially in the Middle East and Africa.

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Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, We in Libya, represent a fledgling democracy seeking to find its way in order to take hold as an added value in the minds of people and to transform it into transparent, democratic, effective and stable institutions. However, the spread of weapons and armed groups, some of which turned to criminal and terrorist behaviour, in addition to its exploitation by some people with personal interests, resulted in the spread of chaos in the country, and weakened the central authority.

It has constituted a real threat to the democratic transformation, and encouraged the emergence of terrorist organizations and recruitment of more foreign terrorist fighters.

Over the past year, Libya has witnessed the emergence of the so-called Islamic State or Daesh, an outcome and ally to Ansar al-Sharia, which asserts control over the towns of Derna and Sirte, with the view of taking these two towns as starting points to assert full control throughout Libya, in addition to the exploitation of Libya's resources to finance the establishment of an extremist entity that refuses to recognize the National State and fights democracy. This entity aims at stretching from Mauritania to Bangladesh and making the whole region subject to the law of the jungle claiming it as the "Rule of Islam". This ideology is totally rejected and resisted by the Libyan people with all power available under the leadership of the legitimate authorities, represented in the elected House of Representatives, and the government emanating from it.

Those groups have been and are still an essential part of the militia alliance of Fajr Libya. This alliance has seized the capital, Tripoli, and repeatedly announces that it will continue to support Ansar al-Sharia in Benghazi while revolutionaries". We realize that all these terrorist and extremist groups are nothing but tools to implement policies of foreign countries which yet are still providing them with arms and ammunition. Further, they also facilitated the arrival of foreign fighters to Benghazi, Sirte and Derna to participate in the fight against the Libyan army that is locked in a fierce war to rid Libya of terrorism with whatever modest means it has at its disposal.

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen,

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The efforts of the Libyan authorities in the fight against terrorism in order to save Libya from the terrorist crimes, is being hampered by external support for terror, in addition to the continuation of the arms embargo, as well as the insistence of the United Nations Security Council on contradicting its decisions by the non-approval of the requests for exemption from the arms embargo submitted by the Libyan government to arm the Libyan army. Unfortunately, some of the Permanent Members of the Council justify this as if to avoid the negative impact on the Libyan political dialogue, which we know has led to a draft political agreement accepted by the legitimate authority after it had made significant concessions, and initialled by most of the parties involved on July 11. However, this same agreement has been rejected by the so-called General National Congress (GNC) which represents the militias that occupy the capital, Tripoli, and are allied with al-Qaeda/Ansar al-Sharia, supporting them with arms and fighters in their war against the Libyan army in the cities of Benghazi and Derna.

The threat of terrorism of the Islamic State/Daesh and al-Qaeda/Ansar al- Sharia is not only limited to Libya. Terrorism sees Libya as nothing but a base rich of substantive resources that could be exploited to finance its operations in North Africa and the Sahel region, as well as Europe if they control it. Therefore, all United Nations members should be aware of the gravity of the position taken by the Security Council, on the international peace and security, exercise pressure for the lifting of the arms embargo on the Libyan army, or speed up the approval of applications for exemption from the arms embargo, and provide assistance to the Libyan government in the area of security, according to the provisions of Security Council resolution 2214 (2015).

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, I can assure you that nothing divides the Libyan people, and that the vast majority is looking for any possible means to put an end to the unjustified fighting amongst brethrens, and restore security and stability of the country. Nonetheless, they have become a hostage to the armed groups and are unable to express their views. Hundreds of thousands of Libyans have become internally displaced and are refugees and looking to return to their homes as soon as possible. This could only be fulfilled by agreeing on a strong government enjoying the confidence of all Libyans, with its authority imposed all over Libyan territory, and supported by the international community. We appreciate the effort made by the United Nations Support Mission in Libya, in order to facilitate the dialogue between the

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Libyan parties, for the formation of a government of National Accord that represents all Libyans, and puts the national interest above all other considerations.

The House of Representatives, as the legitimate authority elected by all Libyans has been and is still supportive of the dialogue as a strategic option to resolve the political and security crisis in Libya. The House of Representatives made all possible concessions to encourage the extra-legitimate party to disassociate itself from terrorism, and join the dialogue table in order to spare Libyans from more bloodshed and to put an end to the destruction of Libyan cities.

However, we noticed more intransigence in positions and more misinterpretations of the flexibility shown by the House of Representatives. It seems that this flexibility has been misunderstood even by Mr. Bernardino Leon, the Special Representative of the Secretary- General who tried to bring us back to square one, and unravel all that have been achieved in the last ten months in dialogue and negotiations. In this regard, I want to emphasize from this rostrum the following:

1. The Council of Representatives is committed to dialogue as an approach to resolving the security and institutional crisis in Libya, but it would not agree to any regression with regard to what has been approved by the majority so far. 2. No agreement should be imposed on any future government to take any step, whatsoever, in favor of the terrorist organizations placed by the Security Council on the sanctions list.

The war against terrorism in Benghazi, Derna and Sirte could not be part of any arrangements for ceasefire under the agreement, unless it is related to the surrender of the terrorists and turn in their weapons.

The House of Representatives hopes to receive a final draft of an agreement that does not reward those who have committed crimes, destroyed state property, and seized the capital by force of arms.

In the case of the continued intransigence of the General National Congress (GNC) by rejecting the agreement, the House of Representatives calls on its boycotting members to advance the national interest and the interest of their constituents on any other matters.

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They are called upon to disassociate themselves from the extremist militias, and to join the House of Representatives to participate in the selection of an inclusive government of National Accord apart from the terrorist groups, and call on the international community to push in this direction.

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen, The Mediterranean Sea has witnessed this year an unprecedented wave of illegal migration, coming from Africa and Asia and heading towards Europe. We sadly noticed the loss of thousands of lives by drowning in sea, and here we express our condolences and sympathy to the families of the victims. We reemphasize Libya's position in support of all international efforts that seek to reduce the risks to illegal migrants in the Mediterranean, provided being within the framework of respect for the principles of international law, particularly the principles of respect for sovereignty and non-interference in the internal affairs of other States. Hence, we assure Libya's readiness to contribute within the limits of its capacity to prevent the smuggling of migrants and rescue the lives in the Mediterranean. We also emphasize that the humanitarian crisis needs to be addressed in a comprehensive manner, in consultation amongst the countries of origin, countries of transit and countries of destination. Taking into account the need to address the root causes of illegal migration in general, and the reasons for the large increase in the numbers of migrants through Libya in recent months.

The security approach to the problem of migrants' smuggling is not enough. Libya believes that using force against smuggling boats off the Libyan coast may increase the complexity of the Libyan crisis, and will not contribute to reducing the phenomenon of smuggling of migrants. This could only be achieved by providing the legitimate Libyan government with potential capabilities to extend its authority over all Libyan territory and control its borders, and with necessary assistance in building its capacity in this area, especially arming the Libyan army and its capacity-building with the necessary equipment and training.

Libya warns of any foreign military activity without its consent and control in the Libyan territorial waters or the exclusive economic zone of Libya, which could harm the fishing activities and lead to the plundering of marine living resources.

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Mr. President Ladies and Gentlemen, Peace in the Middle East would not be achieved in the midst of the ongoing Israeli entity occupation of the Palestinian territories, denying the rights of the Palestinian people, seeking in every way to Judaize the city of Jerusalem and ignoring all international resolutions on the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people, particularly their right to return, and the right to establish an independent state with full sovereignty over its territory, with East Jerusalem as its capital.

Libya is demanding the lifting of the siege on the Palestinian people, and providing them with protection. Libya is compelling the Israeli occupation authorities to stop all acts of violence and intimidation exercised against the Palestinian people and that they comply with all international resolutions, especially with regard to the return of refugees to their homes, and to stop settlement activities as well as the repeated attacks against the Holy Sanctuary of the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem.

With regard to sisterly Syria, we condemn all atrocities against the Syrian people and express our support for all international efforts aiming at finding a peaceful settlement to achieve the aspirations of the Syrian people to live in a dignified and democratic system that respects human rights and fundamental freedoms.

With regard to brotherly Yemen, we hope that the Arab Coalition could restore security and stability to Yemen, and to reach a peaceful solution to the crisis of Yemen under the supervision of its legitimate government, on the basis of UN Security Council Resolution (2216).

Thank you Mr. President.

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MADAGASCAR

Hey Rajaonarimampianina, Presidente de la República de Madagascar

Excellence Monsieur le Pré Assemblée Générale, Excellence Monsieur le Secrétaire Général de l'Organisation des Nations Unies, Excellences Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de gouvernement, Honorables délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs,

Mes premiers mots vont à l'endroit du nouveau Président de l'Assemblée Générale, Son Excellence Monsieur Mogens Lykketoft, à qui, j'adresse rues sincères félicitations pour son élection à ce poste.

Je voudrais également remercier le Secrétaire Général de l'Organisation des Nations Unies, Son Excellence Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, pour son leadership et sa ténacité pour faire de notre organisation la structure la mieux placée et la plus légitime pour résoudre les maux de ce monde.

Pour notre part, nous pouvons témoigner de l'appui actif des Nations Unies dans le processus électoral. Par ailleurs, depuis le mois de janvier dernier, le projet de l'ONU d'accompagner Madagascar à travers les Fonds de Consolidation de la Paix est engagé.

Monsieur le Pr4sident, Mesdames et Messieurs, Nous avons rendez-vous avec l'histoire, à l'occasion de ce 70éme anniversaire de l'ONU car il coïncide avec l'adoption de l'Agenda Post 2015 qui augure un avenir ambitieux et prometteur à nos peuples. Du haut de ses 70 ans, l'Organisation des Nations Unies reste la tribune où le monde est témoin d'un long périple. Une organisation, ayant traversé monts et vaux, avec ses forces et ses faiblesses, mais ô combien perspicace et engagée, au service de la paix et la sécurité, et surtout ... au service de l'Humain, que je citerais avec un grand H.

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Après 70 ans, donnons-nous un regard sur ce qui a été fait. Il serait légitime de procéder à un bilan sans complaisance des activités réalisées. Durant l'avènement des OMDs, la pauvreté a été notre principal ennemi. Actuellement, nous constatons que la pauvreté reste présente dans le monde et les inégalités persistent. Notre objectif d'éradiquer l'extrême pauvreté n'a pas été atteint dans sa totalité même si des progrès sont palpables.

Les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement ont largement contribué à la croissance des pays. Ils ont encouragé chaque pays redoubler d'efforts et à adopter des stratégies concrètes pour endiguer les difficultés. Aujourd'hui, les Objectifs de Développement Durables aspirent à cette même vision.

Ainsi, notre Assemblée Générale va marquer un nouvel engagement conforme à ces mutations profondes, car dans un monde qui bouge, nous devons en permanence ajuster nos stratégies. Cet agenda post-2015 va nourrir de futures actions aux impacts palpables et durables, au bénéfice de toute l'humanité. Nous n'avons pas, nous n'avons plus, le droit de décevoir l'attente de nos peuples.

Notre devoir est d'assurer un mieux-être au quotidien de nos populations tel que décrit dans la Charte de notre organisation. Car aujourd'hui encore, dans divers pays du monde, la misère fait rage. Les menaces qui pèsent sur la sécurité mondiale méritent une attention urgente de notre part. Le terrorisme, les changements climatiques et les problèmes récurrents de pauvreté sont autant de facteurs qui poussent les populations à l'exode dans l'espoir d'un meilleur lendemain et tout simplement Vivre dans la dignité. En adoptant l'agenda post 2015, nous offrons une solution de développement à nos gouvernements pour leur permettre d'agir efficacement.

Depuis son indépendance, Madagascar a toujours prôné les mêmes valeurs que les Nations Unies et a tenu à emprunter le même chemin que notre Organisation, lorsqu'il s'agit de politiques et de stratégies universelles.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Le monde vient de jeter les bases un nouveau cadre de son évolution. Des engagements sont pris pour léguer fi nos générations futures un monde meilleur en prenant conscience que les ressources actuelles ne sont malheureusement pas intarissables.

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Fort de cet élan commun, Madagascar tient à renouveler son engagement dans la mise en de ce Programme de développement pour l'après-2015 lequel sera un référentiel et un soutien à la réalisation de notre Plan National de Développement.

La menace globale du changement climatique nous interpelle sans cesse. Nous sommes tous soumis à une obligation de résultat face à ce fléau mondial. La COP 21 de Paris sera le cadre idéal pour témoigner de notre solidarité par rapport à ce combat.

Il faut se rendre à l'évidence que les pays en développement ne sont pas les premiers responsables des causes du dérèglement climatique alors qu'ils en payent de lourds tributs d'autant plus qu'ils n'ont pas les moyens adéquats pour y faire face et encore moins, de s'en relever.

Madagascar subit systématiquement les conséquences des changements climatiques entrainant des pertes agricoles, des destructions d'infrastructures sociales de base et remettant souvent à zéro le compteur des efforts engagés pour le développement économique et sociale.

Nous avons soumis notre proposition nationale le 24 septembre dernier avec comme engagement de réduire de 14% nos émissions de gaz à effet de serre et d'augmenter de 32% notre capacité d'absorption d'ici 2030.

Quant à la protection de la biodiversité, dont Madagascar renferme un potentiel important du patrimoine mondial, nous avons appuyé récemment la résolution des Nations Unies sur la surveillance du trafic des espèces sauvages.

De plus, en termes de réduction des risques et catastrophes, nous nous impliquons entièrement i décidé en mars 2015 pour la prévention des catastrophes. Dans ce cadre, nous avons élaboré un Système d'Alertes Précoces multirisques considérant prioritairement les cyclones, les inondations, la sécheresse et la surveillance sanitaire.

Le Gouvernement malgache attache une attention particulière à sa population, particulièrement à sa couche la plus vulnérable. II dispose actuellement d'une politique de protection sociale. Une politique visionnaire qui permettra de réduire de manière

159 importante le nombre des populations se trouvant dans l'extrême pauvreté d'ici 2030, en ligne avec l'agenda post 2015.

Le pays s'attèle également à la mise en du plan du Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies sur la réduction de la mortalité maternelle. Nous avons lancé la campagne pour l'accélération de la réduction de la mortalité maternelle (CARMA) et celle contre le mariage précoce.

Concernant la sécurité alimentaire, je voudrais partager ici les perspectives régionales prometteuses pour faire de Madagascar le grenier de l'Océan Indien.

Ces transformations fondamentales doivent être basées sur un appui au secteur social. Nos hommes, femmes, jeunes et enfants doivent avoir accès à l'éducation, aux soins de santé de base, à la sécurité, à la justice. Nous avons une population jeune qui nous engage à relever le défi de l'éducation, de formation et de la création d'emploi. C'est notre responsabilité à tous d'offrir à nos jeunesses un travail décent.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Une nouvelle ère s'ouvre devant nous! Un nouvel espoir se construit avec l'avènement des ODD. En se réunissant ici ce jour, chaque nation fait foi de son engagement à progresser.

Les ODD ne doivent pas ainsi être un simple référentiel, un vadémécum de la lutte contre la pauvreté. Toutes nos actions doivent être capitalisées sur le de développement durable humain car ne dit-on pas « qu'il n'y a de richesse que d'hommes ».

Le capital humain est l'acteur et le bénéficiaire des ODD. Le développement de ce capital humain devrait être au outes nos actions.

La sécurité de nos peuples sous toutes ses formes doit ainsi être assurée pour les éloigner de la précarité et de la vulnérabilité devenue chronique.

Nous sommes convaincus que les guerres, les crises, les conflits ainsi que l'insécurité sont à l'origine de violations systématiques des Droits de l'Homme. Dans cette optique, la paix et la sécurité demeurent le talon d'Achille de toutes stratégies de développement. C'est en épousant cette vision que Madagascar poursuit sa route vers la démocratie et la stabilité.

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Nous sommes tous unanimes qu'il n'y a pas de réel développement sans paix et sécurité durables. La cybercriminalité, la criminalité transnationale organisée et le terrorisme sont toujours plus accrus. Nous combattons de plus en plus des ennemis sans visage. Nous devons sans cesse adapter nos stratégies à ces nouvelles menaces. La sécurité de nos peuples doit ainsi être assurée pour les éloigner de la précarité et de la vulnérabilité.

Nous engageons une lutte contre toute forme d'insécurité urbaine et rurale et une lutte contre les trafics et pillages en tout genre affectant nos richesses naturelles, marines et terrestres.

Sur ce sujet, notre pays a décidé d'héberger le Centre de Fusion d'lnformation maritime dans la zone de l'Océan Indien et de l'Afrique orientale et australe, pour lutter entre autres contre la piraterie maritime, le trafic de toute sorte et le terrorisme.

Avec l'achèvement du processus démocratique par la réalisation des élections, Madagascar s'implique davantage fi offrir un environnement favorable à la mise en des objectifs du développement durable. Sans stabilité institutionnelle et politique, le progrès que nous envisageons et auquel la population aspire ne serait en aucun cas durable et partagée.

Dans le cadre de la sécurité collective, je rends hommage l'engagement du personnel des Opérations de Maintien de la Paix. Madagascar y participe activement grâce à l'envoi d'officiers.

A cette tribune, nous déclarons notre intention de déployer, pour la première fois, un bataillon d'infanterie aux Opérations de Maintien de la Paix à l'horizon 2017.

Pour ce qui est de la lutte contre la traite des personnes, Madagascar a ratifié les principaux instruments juridiques internationaux sur les droits de l'Homme dont récemment, la Convention internationale sur la protection des droits de tous les travailleurs migrants et des membres de leur famille.

En ayant réformé en 2014 ses lois sur la lutte contre la traite des personnes et le tourisme sexuel; en ayant instauré un « Bureau National de Lutte contre la Traite des Etres

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Humains » (BNLETH), Madagascar entend prévoir et réprimer la traite sous routes ses formes aussi bien du point de vue national que transnational.

D'aucuns savent que Madagascar s'est efforcé de respecter ses engagements internationaux en soumettant régulièrement ses rapports sur les Droits de l'Homme aux différents Organes des Traités et auprès du Conseil des Droits de l'Homme clans le cadre de l'Examen Périodique Universel (EPU) et dont les recommandations sont mises en par te biais d'un plan national d'opérationnalisation.

Cette année également, Madagascar a déposé instrument de ratification de la Convention sur les personnes handicapées. Et au diapason des engagements internationaux, Madagascar, lors de la rencontre en mars 2015 à New York, a réaffirmé sa volonté de promouvoir les droits de la femme, renouvelant ainsi ses promesses tenues à Beijing.

Nous nous joignons en outre, aux démarches visant une représentation équitable au Conseil de Sécurité. Il est juste que l'opportunité soit offerte aux régions sous-représentées comme l'Afrique.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Cette assemblée géné instance incontournable pour surmonter les défis importants liés à l'éradication de la pauvreté et les dérèglements climatiques. La migration, la paix et la sécurité ne seront pas en reste. La résolution de ces problématiques constitue une priorité absolue dans les ODD et l'Agenda 2053 de l'Afrique.

Dans l'entrain de ce nouvel agenda, Madagascar voit les quinze prochaines années riches en actions et en solidarité. En adhérant au dernier programme d'Action d'Addis-Abeba, le pays s'engage capitaliser ses propres ressources (son secteur privé, sa diaspora, ses recettes fiscales) et en appelle, dans la même veine, à la mobilisation des partenaires internationaux.

A ce titre nous demandons à l'ONU de proposer des mécanismes et structures de financement appropriées pour financer les politiques de développement économiques et sociales et pour lutter contre la pauvreté dans les pays en développement.

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Les Aides Publiques au Développement sont nécessaires et importantes pour soutenir la croissance. La solidarité des pays du Nord en faveur du Sud doit être effective. Nous devons nous soutenir dans la complémentarité car c'est ensemble que nous allons réussir. Donnons-nous ainsi la capacité d'agir et de réagir en temps réel aux grands défis qui nous incombent. Notre volonté et notre détermination nous guideront à l'accélération de nos actions.

Ainsi, je n'hésiterai pas à relancer ici mon appel à l'intensification du dialogue Nord-Sud et au renforcement du partenariat mondial.

Pour soutenir réellement le développement, les conditionnalités des financements ne doivent en aucun cas pénaliser les pays et les peuples déjà vulnérables.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Pouvons-nous avoir confiance en l'avenir ?

Nos jeunes peuvent-ils avoir confiance en l'avenir ?

En cet instant solennel, j'exhorte rues pairs à ne pas perdre de vue l'engagement que l'on s'est fait il y a 70 arts en ne remettant pas à demain les bonnes résolutions que nous avons prises tout au long de i ces années.

Avec les ODD, nous ouvrons la vole à la prévention et à la préservation de la sécurité, de la paix et de la stabilité. Ce nouvel instrument décrira de nouvelles orientations stratégiques qui vont nous guider à forger le destin de nos peuples.

Madagascar garde foi et espoirs en l'ONU pour les autres 70 années à venir. Une grande partie du chemin a été parcourue mais la route reste longue. Il ne s'agit pas de compter les pas.

Les défis sont immenses mais, de mémoire, jamais autant de pays et de dirigeants front démontrés leurs volontés et leur engagement d'aller de l'avant pour vaincre et résoudre les problèmes du monde contemporains.

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Il s'agit de démontrer que l'on avance vers une solidarité du millénaire capable de transcender les frontières. Cela demande l'engagement et la responsabilité de chaque pays et de chaque dirigeant.

Les chantiers du nouveau changement ont commencé depuis ce septembre 2015. Ils n'attendent que NOUS. Soyez assurés que Madagascar y contribuera.

Je vous remercie de votre attention.

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MALAUI

Arthur Peter Mutharika, Presidente de la República de Malaui

Your Excellency President of the General Assembly, Your Excellency Secretary General of the United Nations, Excellencies Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

It gives me great pleasure to congratulate you, Mr. President on your election as President of the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA). Your credentials are impeccable, and I am confident that you will steer the affairs of this august body to a successful conclusion, with all your objectives and aspirations fulfilled. I assure you of my delegation's support.

Let me also thank His Excellency Mr. Sam Kutesa, outgoing President of the General Assembly, from our sister country Uganda, for his untiring efforts during his presidency. His dedication to the work of the UN is commendable. I also reiterate Malawi's support to the Secretary General, as he strives to realize the purposes of the Charter of the United Nations.

Mr. President, The theme of this year's general debate, The UN at 70: the road ahead for peace, security and human rights," has come at the most opportune time, for it fittingly summarizes the core business of the United Nations, at its inception, now and in future, that is, the maintenance of international peace and security.

Mr. President, The UN was created on the understanding that peace is not just the absence of war but that it comes with struggles, compromises, sacrifices and choices we make as nations and as individuals, for the benefit of humanity. We cannot realize a complete sense of peace without justice, dignity and freedom.

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We can rejoice that in the seventy years of the work of the UN, we have collectively averted another world war, however, during the same period; we have lived in fear, and uncertainty, in a world tainted by conflicts, poverty and violence that have endangered our own existence.

Mr. President, As we live in this imperfect world, the pursuit for peace should be our main goal if we are to shape a promising world for our future generations. I must, therefore, commend the Secretary General for convening the High Level Panel on Peace Missions, to review the current UN peace operations, and the emerging needs of the future in the prevention and resolution of conflicts. The report of the panel, submitted in June this year, has highlighted some important issues that I feel, as members of the global family, need to consider and take seriously. I would like to mention just a few of the issues which demand our attention as members of the UN.  Peace missions should be guided by a focus on political solutions, whereby emphasis should be placed on conflict prevention through political means, with bias on people centered solutions as well as protection of civilians.  There is need for comprehensive peace and security partnerships involving the United Nations Security Council, regional actors and national mechanisms.  The UN should take the responsibility to compensate the abused.  There is greater need for political will by all actors to peace missions, to just mention a few.  Mr. President, Let me now touch on another important issue which has been on the agenda of the UN for quite some time; that is, the reform of the United Nations Security Council. I have followed with keen interest the intergovernmental negotiations on how the Security Council can be reformed to make it more representative, effective, transparent and accountable to all. The Ezulwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration are our guiding principles in this endeavour.

Our quest for peace and security should be hinged on sustainable socioeconomic development for our people; development that has a true meaning and reflection in the lives of our people. Despite varied progress among Member States, and developing countries in particular, the Millennium Development Goals - MDGs have proved that unity

166 of purpose is critical to transforming the world to be a better place for our children and future generations.

My government is grateful to development partners who worked with us for Malawi to achieve four of the eight MDGS namely; reducing child mortality; combating HIV and AIDS, Malaria and other diseases; ensuring environmental sustainability; and developing a global partnership for development. It is evident that as a country we are embarking on the implementation of the post-2015 Development agenda with unfinished business. It is, therefore, imperative that as we move to implement this new global development agenda, we should be mindful of the important role that global partnership for effective development cooperation plays in ensuring successful implementation of programmes in the developing countries.

Mr. President, We in Malawi are also glad to reiterate the fact that, as we look to the Sustainable Development Goals, we can draw international pride and inspiration from the achievements we have made collectively on MGD Goal number six - which had to do with halting and reversing the HIV and AIDS Epidemic". Under this goal, we aimed to put 15 million people on treatment globally and we can stand here today, and boldly declare that we met this target! As we look to the Sustainable Development Goals Era, we must commit, as an international community, to end AIDS as a public health threat and to finish the business of HIV and AIDS by 2030.

My government has already committed to doing so, and current evidence shows that Malawi is well on the way to achieving this goal. Together, we can end AIDS by 2030 but it will require that we do business unusual, it will require that we fast track HIV responses in line with the evidence for what works, but more importantly, it will require continued shared responsibility and global solidarity for financing HIV programmes and enhancing the capacity of developing countries such as Malawi, to manufacture drugs and make them more accessible for our people.

Having said that, Mr. President, let me also reiterate what I have always maintained that, all the above wonderful programmes wilt be realized when as a global family, we do not leave the youth, and our women behind. In Malawi, and I believe, in almost all developing countries, the youth and women, constitute the majority of the populations. Therefore, it is

167 only natural that they are adequately represented at all decision-making levels of society. Late President of the Republic of South, the icon, Nelson Mandela, once said, ... as long as the nation refuses to acknowledge the equal role of more than half of itself, it is doomed to failure." This is a fact!

Let me, commend President Xin Ping of China, and UN Secretary General, through the Offices of UN Women, for organizing on the margins of this GA., the Global Leaders' Meeting on Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment: A Commitment to Action, under the theme: Planet 50-50 by 2030: Step it Up for Gender , to which a number of leaders made national commitments, including Malawi.

My government He-for-She Campaign to address gender inequalities, and end gender-based violence, promote women political participation and facilitate the economic empowerment of women. It has therefore been singled out as one of the core priority areas of our revised Malawi Growth and Development Strategy, a blueprint of Malawi's development.

Malawi also took advantage of this forum, to host a side event entitled High-level Event, Demographic Dividend and Investing in Youth," which we hope will successfully lead us to an improved coordination, commitment and support for youth empowerment and development for Africa. We have expressed the desire for shared prosperity and well-being, for unity and integration, for a continent ... where the full potential of women and youth are realized, and with freedom from fear, disease and want".

Now, as others taking the floor earlier, indicated, two days ago, we adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). That was brilliant. However, allow me to isolate SDG 4 that speaks of Education. As a Champion of Higher Education in Africa, I wish to reiterate in no uncertain terms that all the brilliant resolutions and decisions coming out of this great forum, and many similar ones across the world, fall flat on their face, if countries ignore to educate its people, especially its youth, more so the girl child. In this vein, I am pleased to note that Sustainable Development Goal No. 4 is about Ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education and promoting lifelong learning . However, it does not fully capture the centrality of higher education to achieving the wider Sustainable Development Goals targets. Allow me to express gratitude to those partners that continue to stand with us, to

168 promote higher education in Africa. With improved and increased access to higher education, the world will strike a massive blow at poverty.

Mr. President, In fulfilling its national and international responsibility, my Government recognizes the cross-cutting role of respect and protection of people's human rights and rule of law. My Government will continue to promote human rights, by among others, enhancing awareness of human rights, promoting equitable access to opportunities and strengthening legal protection.

Full enjoyment of people's human rights could not be achieved in a society full of fraud, corruption and theft of public resources. These vices must be dealt with in order to protect people's human rights and ensure delivery of expected service from their government. My government has, therefore, always been committed to fighting against corruption, fraud and theft. It is against this backdrop that we are pursuing and prosecuting suspects in the theft of public funds.

God bless the UN family!

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MALI

Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, Presidente de la República de Mali

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement; Monsieur le Secrétaire général; Mesdames et Messieurs;

Permettez-moi, tout d'abord, de vous adresser les chaleureuses félicitations de la délégation du Mali pour votre brillante élection è la présidence de la 70éme session de Assemblée générale de l'Organisation des Nations Unies.

Le choix porté sur votre personne, le 15 juin dernier, est incontestablement la reconnaissance de vos qualités de diplomate chevronné, mais aussi un hommage rendu à votre pays, le Royaume du Danemark, qui entretient avec le mien d'excellentes relations d'amitié et de coopération.

Soyez assure, Monsieur le Président, de la disponibilité totale de ma délégation à au plein succès de votre mandat.

Qu'il me soit également permis d'exprimer notre haute appréciation à l'endroit de votre distingué prédécesseur, Son Excellence Monsieur Sam Kahamba Kutesa de l'Ouganda, pour sa conduite remarquable et efficace des travaux de la session précédente.

Dans le même esprit, je voudrais rendre à Monsieur Ban Ki-moon, 8ème Secrétaire général des Nations Unies, un hommage des plus mérités, pour son dévouement et son engagement constants en faveur de la paix et de la sécurité internationale.

Avant d'aller loin dans mon propos, je voudrais m'incliner devant la mémoire des victimes de la catastrophe, survenue à Mina (Arabie Saoudite) et qui a endeuillé le Mali et certains pays de la Ummah islamique. En cette douloureuse circonstance, je voudrais, au nom du

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Peuple et du Gouvernement maliens, présenter mes condoléances les plus attristées aux familles des disparus et souhaiter prompt rétablissement aux blessés.

Monsieur le Président, Dans l'histoire des peuples et des institutions, il y a des coïncidences frappantes. Sont de celles-là, la symbolique de la date d'aujourd'hui, 28 septembre 20l5 qui marque le 55éme anniversaire de admission de mon pays, le Mali, à l'Organisation des Nations Unies, en vertu de la résolution l49l (l960) adoptée par l'Assemblée générale, lors de sa 15éme Session. Que la République Tunisienne et le Sri Lanka (a l'époque appelé Ceylan) trouvent ici l'expression de ma profonde gratitude pour avoir parrainé cette admission.

Du 28 septembre 1960 au 28 septembre 2015, tous les Gouvernements qui se sont succédé au Mali n'ont épargné aucun sacrifice pour l'avènement d'un monde meilleur, débarrassé du spectre des conflits et des guerres, dont les principales victimes sont les femmes, les enfants et les personnes âgées.

Dans sa quête permanente de paix, le Gouvernement du Mali, sous mon autorité, a toujours privilégié la voie du dialogue au langage des armes dans la résolution de la grave crise multidimensionnelle de laquelle nous sommes en train de nous remettre.

A cet égard, le Gouvernement du Mali s'est toujours conformé aux résolutions pertinentes du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies, des décisions et recommandations de la CEDEAO, de l'Union africaines, de l'OCI et du Mouvement des Non-alignés.

Participe de cette dynamique, l'initiative que j'ai prise, d'engager le Gouvernement du Mali dans les négociations inter-maliennes à Alger, avec l'accompagnement de la médiation internationale, y compris les Nations Unies, sous l'égide de l'Algérie dont il me plait ici, de saluer l'engagement personnel de son Président, Son Excellence Monsieur Abdel Aziz Bouteflika.

Après huit mois de discussion avec nos frères des régions du nord qui avaient pris les armes, je suis particulièrement heureux de vous présenter, l'Accord pour la Paix et la Réconciliation au Mali, issu du Processus d'Alger, dont le processus de signature a été parachevé à Bamako, le 20 juin 20l5.

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Monsieur le Président, Le Mali a désormais un Accord de paix consensuel, qui sert de cadre général pour la résolution durable de toutes les dimensions de la plus grave crise de l'histoire de notre pays. Cet Accord, qui vient sceller jamais la retrouvaille entre les Maliens, faut-il le rappeler, est le résultat de la volonté de l'ensemble des parties maliennes et de l'engagement à leurs côtés des membres de la Médiation internationale élargie. Il constitue un compromis équilibré prenant en compte les préoccupations légitimes de toutes les parties, dans le respect de l'unité et de l'intégrité territoriale du Mali, ainsi que du caractère laïc et de la forme républicaine de l'Etat.

II crée également les conditions de la stabilité à long terme, car la nation malienne retrouvée conduira efficacement une lutte sans merci contre le terrorisme, le narcotrafic et autres réseaux criminels dans le domaine de la migration irrégulière.

Monsieur le Président, Je voudrais solennellement réitérer ici l'engagement du Gouvernement du Mali à respecter tous ses engagements découlant de l'Accord. Je relève, à cet égard, que le Comité de suivi de l'Accord (CSA), qui a commencé ses travaux le lendemain de sa signature, a déjà, entre autres, adopté son règlement intérieur et le calendrier de mise en de l'Accord, mis en place ses quatre sous-comités, examiné les options de financement de son fonctionnement et travaille à aplanir la question de la représentation des mouvements.

Pour sa part, le Gouvernement du Mali a élaboré et présenté au Comité de suivi, un plan d'action global de mise en de l'Accord et un plan d'urgence pour la période intérimaire. Cette démarche, il convient de le souligner, a été vivement saluée par le Comité de suivi.

Cependant, il n'est pas superfétatoire de faire observer que la Signature de cet Accord, loin d'être une fin en sol, requiert la mutualisation de tous les efforts dans le cadre de sa mise en , une mise en , qui représente le défi majeur du processus de paix dans notre pays.

C'est pourquoi, je voudrais ici lancer un appel pressant à la communauté internationale, particulièrement aux amis du Mali, en vue de la mobilisation effective des ressources techniques, matérielles et financières nécessaires à l'application de cet Accord.

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Dans cette perspective, le Gouvernement organisera, le 22 octobre 20l5, à Paris, une « Conférence pour le développement du Mali : les régions du nor de la paix et de relance économique ».

Monsieur le Président, Je ne cesserai jamais d'insister sur la mise en diligente et intégrale de l'Accord pour la Paix et la Réconciliation au Mali, au risque de voir tant d'efforts consentis, être annihilés par des ennemis de la paix qui multiplient ces derniers temps, des actes terroristes partout sur tendue du territoire de notre pays.

Face à cette situation, le Gouvernement de la République du Mali réitère son appel à toutes les parties signataires de l'Accord et à la communauté internationale, à mutualiser leurs efforts et leurs intelligences pour bouter hors du territoire national et de la région du Sahel, un ennemi commun, à savoir les groupes terroristes et narco-djihadistes qui ne cherchent qu'a assouvir leurs appétits criminels aux moyens de la peur et de la terreur.

Monsieur le Président, Je ne saurais conclure sans renouveler la profonde gratitude du peuple et du Gouvernement maliens à l'endroit de notre Organisation commune, les Nations Unies, ainsi qu'à ses Etats membres pour l'appui multiforme et constant au processus de paix au Mali depuis janvier 2012.

Je me réjouis naturellement de adoption de la Résolution 2227 du Conseil de sécurité renouvelant pour la troisième fois le mandat de la Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations Unies pour la stabilisation au Mali(MINUSMA) dont je salue le travail remarquable accompli jusque-là et l'assure de mon soutien et de mon accompagnement pour la réussite de notre mission commune.

Sur le même registre, je tiens à exprimer la gratitude du Gouvernement du Mali en la Médiation internationale dirigée par l'Algérie, et comprenant Organisation des Nations Unies, Union Européenne, l'Organisation de la Coopération Islamique, le Burkina Faso, la Mauritanie, le Niger, le Nigéria et le Tchad.

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Je salue également le rôle et la contribution décisive de la France au Mali et tous les sacrifices consentis à cet égard. Je salue aussi le rôle non moins important des Etats-Unis d'Amérique dans le processus de paix.

A toutes les nations amies et organisations internationales partenaires qui ont manifeste leur solidarité vis-à-vis du Mali en envoyant sur le terrain leurs enfants ou leurs experts pour défendre les valeurs qui fondent notre humanité, je renouvelle les sincères remerciements du peuple malien.

Je m'incline pieusement devant la mémoire de toutes les victimes, civiles comme militaires, maliennes comme étrangères, qui sont tombées sur le champ d'honneur au Mali, pour la défense de la dignité humaine, de la liberté et de la démocratie.

Je salue et remercie UNESCO, sous le leadership de sa Directrice générale Mme Irina Bokova, pour le travail remarquable accompli dans le cadre de la préservation des biens et expressions culturels au Mali, y compris la reconstruction des Mausolées de Tombouctou, classés patrimoine de l'humanité.

Monsieur le Président, Lorsque les représentants de 50 nations signaient la Charte des Nations Unies, à San Francisco, le 2é juin l945 et que la Charte des Nations Unies entrait en vigueur, le 24 octobre de la même année, nombreux sont les états, aujourd'hui représentés dans cette salle, qui n'avaient pas encore accédé a l'indépendance.

70 ans après, il est heureux de constater que les Nations Unies comptent 193 États membres, tous engagés à préserver les idéaux de San Francisco, fondes sur les trois piliers que sont : la paix et la sécurité, le développement et les droits de l'homme.

C'est pourquoi, Monsieur le Président, la délégation de la République du Mali, que j'ai l'insigne honneur de conduire, se réjouit de votre décision, ô combien opportune, de placer la présente Session sous le thème : « 70éme anniversaire de d'un nouvel engagement ».

Ce thème, dont le choix est d'une pertinence avérée, permettra assurément aux dirigeants du monde, épris de paix et de justice, de procéder à une évaluation objective du chemin

174 parcouru par notre organisation commune et d'envisager l'avenir en ayant un regard critique sur les difficultés rencontrées, notamment dans les domaines où les Nations Unies et la Communauté internationale sont appelées à consentir davantage d'efforts pour répondre aux défis actuels et futurs.

Monsieur le Président, A l'heure du bilan, nous nous réjouissons des progrès importants enregistrés dans la mise en de la Charte des Nations Unies relatives au règlement pacifique des différends dont la trame repose sur la négociation, la médiation, la conciliation, l'arbitrage, le règlement judiciaire, toutes choses qui ont permis d'assurer la prévention, la gestion, le maintien et la consolidation de la paix dans le monde.

Nous nous félicitons, également, des avancées significatives engrangées dans les domaines de l'accélération du processus de décolonisation, du désarmement et de la promotion des droits de l'homme. Enfin, nous apprécions à sa juste valeur le renforcement des Accords régionaux en vertu du Chapitre VIII de la Charte des Nations Unies, notamment entre le Conseil de sécurité de l'ONU et le Conseil de paix et de sécurité de l'Union africaine.

Si ces succès montrent encore la pertinence de certains principes édictés par la Charte des Nations Unies, force est de reconnaitre que leur mise en application a été rendue possible grâce à la volonté politique des Etats membres et à l'efficacité des fonctionnaires du systè inlassablement, sous avènement d'un monde meilleur. Que tous, trouvent ici, l'expression de la profonde gratitude du Peuple et du Gouvernement du Mali.

Monsieur le Président, Dans un monde en perpétuelle évolution, notre organisation commune est appelée à s'adapter aux nouveaux défis. Participe de cette dynamique, la mise en du programme de développement durable après 2015 que nous venons d'adopter et qui est ainsi libellé: « Transformer notre monde: Le programme pour un développement d'ici 2030 ».

Pays Sahélien par excellence, mon pays, le Mali, subit de plein fouet les effets des changements climatiques à cause de la fragilité naturelle de son écosystème. L'ensablement

175 et l'assèchement du fleuve Niger ainsi que la dégradation des sols et du couvert végétal aux conséquences insoupçonnées en sont de parfaites illustrations.

C'est pourquoi, le peuple et le Gouvernement maliens souhaitent vivement que les conclusions de la 2lème Conférence des Etats parties à la Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques (COP21), prévue a Paris en décembre prochain, puissent aboutir à la conclusion d'un Accord juridiquement-contraignant afin de préserver qui peut encore l'être de notre environnement.

Ace défi majeur, s'ajoute la nécessaire promotion de la gouvernance économique mondiale et du financement du développement.

Les résultats de la troisième Conférence des Nations Unies sur le financement du développement qui s'est tenue à Addis-Abeba, en juillet 20l5, permettent d'espérer quant à la capacité de mobilisation de la Communauté internationale pour l'atteinte des Objectifs du Développement Durable et ce, conformément au Consensus de Monterrey de 2002 et de la Déclaration de Doha de 2008.

En tant que pays en développement sans littoral et placé parmi les pays les moins avancés, le Mali salue l'allégement de la dette des Pays Pauvres Très Endettés et se félicite de atteinte, voire du dépassement par certains pays donateurs, du seuil de l'objectif de 0,7% de leur PIB à raide publique au développement qui continue d'être un support considérable pour l'économie de nos pays.

A ce propos, je voudrais, du haut de cette tribune, réaffirmer la reconnaissance du Gouvernement du Mali a tous les généreux donateurs qui, en mai 2013 à Bruxelles, ont bien voulu s'engager en faveur de la relance économique du Mali, à travers des annonces de contributions totalisant 3,5 milliards d'euros. Je saisis cette occasion pour appeler les pays qui ne Font pas encore fait, a honorer leurs engagements en vue de la mobilisation effective de ces annonces de contributions.

Concernant les sources de financements innovants, le Gouvernement du Mali soutient et encourage fortement initiative UNITLIFE dont le principe, simple, repose sur l'affectation a la lutte contre la malnutrition, d'une part infime des immenses richesses créées par

176 l'utilisation et l'exploitation des ressources extractives en Afrique, et ceci afin que la mondialisation de la solidarité réponde à la mondialisation de l'économie.

A travers cette initiative, le Gouvernement du Mali envisage de prélever un pourcentage sur les revenus issus de l'exploitation de l'industrie extractive, en vue d'investir les fonds ainsi générés dans la lutte contre la malnutrition dans notre pays.

Monsieur le Président, L'un des plus grands défis de notre époque concerne la migration internationale, un phénomène qui prend des proportions inquiétantes cause de la pauvreté, des catastrophes naturelles ou causées par l'homme et du cynisme des acteurs du crime organisé.

En témoignent des dizaines de milliers de candidats à la migration irrégulière qui perdent leurs vies sur les routes du désert et dans les océans, ÿ bord d'embarcations de fortune.

L'approche globale que la délégation du Mali propose, réside dans l'intensification du dialogue entre les pays de départ, de destination et de transit, à l'effet de trouver les solutions idoines qui puissent lier les impératifs de sécurité, de développement, de respect de ta dignité humaine et de solidarité.

Ce faisant, les migrations se dérouleraient dans des conditions humaines et de façon ordonnée, et profiteraient à la fois aux migrants et aux sociétés des pays de départ et de destination.

Monsieur le Président, Au plan sécuritaire, il est également apparu nécessaire que l'ONU renforce ses outils et mécanismes existants, dans l'optique de s'attaquer véritablement aux nouvelles menaces liées à la montée du terrorisme, de l'extrémisme violent, du narcotrafic et autres crimes connexes.

En dépit des progrès enregistrés par les Nations Unies dans le domaine de la paix et de sécurité, il est regrettable de constater que, de plus en plus, l'environnement international est marque par la recrudescence de violences aveugles perpétrées ou commanditées par les groupes terroristes et narco-jihadistes tels que Ansar Dine, MUJAO, Al Mourabitoune, Etat

177 islamique d'Irak et du Levant, Al Qaïda, Aqmi, Al Shabbaab, Boko Haram, devenu Etat islamique en Afrique de l'ouest, j'en passe.

A l'évidence, il y a un besoin urgent de corriger le décalage existant entre les défis sécuritaires actuels et la doctrine des Nations Unies en matière de maintien de la paix, qui, il convient de le rappeler, a été conçue il y a bientôt 60 ans.

Du haut de cette tribune, je voudrais renouveler le soutien actif du Mali toute initiative de réforme de l'architecture des Opérations de maintien de la paix intégrant cette réalité, car nul ne peut ignorer aujourd'hui que le terrorisme constitue une menace sérieuse à la paix et à la sécurité internationales.

Le Mali soutient toutes initiatives de paix au Moyen Orient, en particulier, celles permettant aux peuples de la région, notamment le peuple palestinien de jouir enfin d'une paix juste et durable.

Par ailleurs, le Gouvernement de la République du Mali se réjouit aussi bien de la normalisation des relations diplomatiques entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis d'Amérique. Je voudrais saluer, à cet égard, le courage et le réalisme politiques des Présidents Barack Obama, Raoul Castro et tous les autres acteurs qui ont contribue à ces avancées historiques qui vont clans le sens de l'Histoire et devraient nous encourager à approfondir davantage la réflexion en cours sur la réforme du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies.

Monsieur le Président, La poursuite du débat sur la réforme du Conseil de sécurité des Nations Unies, constituera un objectif transversal de la 70ème Session.

Pour sa part, le Mali reste solidaire de la position commune africaine telle qu'énoncée dans le Consensus d'Ezulwini et la Déclaration de Syrte, et poursuivra les échanges avec d'autres groupes régionaux, a l'effet de susciter la volonté politique nécessaire pour corriger l'injustice historique dont le continent africain continue d'être victime, en raison de sa non représentation dans la catégorie des membres permanents et sa sous-représentation dans la catégorie des membres non-permanents.

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La réforme des Nations Unies doit également concerner la gouvernance économique mondiale pour rendre les institutions financières internationales plus aptes à aider les pays du sud à relever les défis du sous-développement.

A cet égard, je lance un appel pressant aux Etats membres, aux groupes régionaux et à la Communauté internationale à poursuivre le dialogue constructif en cours depuis 2009, afin que la réforme des Nations Unies puisse aboutir.

En effet, les amendements aux articles 23, 27, 61 et 109 de la Charte des Nations Unies, entrés en vigueur entre 1965 et 1968, montrent suffisance que la réforme des Nations Unies est loin d'être une boite de pandore qu'il faudrait craindre. Au contraire, elle permettra de respecter l'équilibre géographique dans les instances de décision de l'Organisation, d'améliorer les méthodes de travail, y compris les relations entre le Conseil de sécurité et l'Assemblée générale.

L'ONU, ainsi réformée, gagnerait plus en crédibilité auprès de l'opinion publique internationale et donnerait à ses propres décisions plus de chances d'être acceptées et exécutées.

Monsieur le Président, En terminant, je renouvelle l'engagement total du peuple malien en faveur des idéaux de la Charte des Nations Unies, en particulier la préservation des générations futures du fléau de la guerre.

Je vous remercie de votre aimable attention.

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MARRUECOS

Moulay Rachid, Príncipe del Reino de Marruecos

Señor Presidente de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas, Señor Secretario General de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas, Majestades, Altezas, Excelencias, Señoras y Señores,

El actual periodo de sesiones de la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas reviste una importancia particular, ya que va a conocer la aprobaci6n de la Agenda de desarrollo sostenible post 2015.

He aquí una ocasión para reafirmar nuestro compromiso colectivo de realizar uno de los nobles objetivos a los que llama la carta de nuestra Organización, amén de responder a las ambiciones de los distintos pueblos del mundo.

Por otra parte, coincide con la celebración del septuagésimo aniversario de la fundación de nuestra Organización, dentro de un contexto en el que la comunidad internacional se está enfrentando a inéditos y agudos retos universales que nos demandan una acción colectiva eficaz y concertada.

La postura del Reino de Marruecos frente a estos desafíos, así como a los distintos conflictos y cuestiones regionales e internacionales, será expuesta con ocasión de las reuniones de las comisiones de la Asamblea General o en el marco de los encuentros ministeriales que paralelamente tendrán lugar.

Señor Presidente, Señoras y Señores, La preparaci6n de la agenda de desarrollo para los 15 años venideros, debe basarse en una valoración objetiva de cuánto hemos llevado a cabo a partir del año 2000.

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En este sentido, nos preguntamos: ¿Acaso hemos conseguido cambiar el vivir cotidiano de los pobres? ¿Tendrán los resultados alcanzados la fuerza y la sostenibilidad suficientes para afrontar los conflictos, guerras y crisis económicas y sociales?

Efectivamente, el Balance de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio ha mostrado un avance palpable entre los años 1990 y 2015. No obstante, la envergadura de las disparidades que acusan las zonas a través del mundo, y dentro de algunos países, es un motivo justificado para inquietarse.

Esta situación que perjudica la imagen de la cooperación internacional y cuestiona nuestra acción colectiva en el seno de Naciones Unidas, no debe ser sinónimo de fracaso.

Al contrario, debe incitar a todos los actores a plantearse las mejores vías para promover el desarrollo y corregir las disfunciones que padece la cooperación internacional.

En este sentido, el Reino confía en que los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible puedan contribuir a materializar un ambicioso programa capaz de cambiar las condiciones en los distintos ámbitos nacionales, regionales e internacionales.

Así pues, por muy pertinente que fuera la agenda del desarrollo sostenible y sus alcances, su credibilidad permanecerá siempre sujeta a nuestra capacidad de disponer los recursos necesarios para su financiación.

Por tal razón, la cooperación internacional debe estar en armonía con la nueva realidad internacional, así como ha de desprenderse de los lastres del pasado, de los cálculos geopolíticos y de las condiciones imposibles para lograr el apoyo.

La epidemia de Ébola ha demostrado que exceptuando las palabras de solidaridad que la situación ha generado, el apoyo internacional a los países afectados no fue suficiente; e incluso ha estado por debajo del nivel de la movilización y compromiso que requería la grave situación.

Señor Presidente, El desarrollo no se consigue mediante decisiones burocráticas o a través de informes técnicos estándares, carentes de credibilidad.

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La cuestión requiere un profundo conocimiento de la realidad y particularidad de los pueblos, además del análisis objetivo de las condiciones que viven y de una acción seria sobre el terreno, que responda a sus verdaderas ambiciones y preocupaciones.

Efectivamente, bien conozco las difíciles condiciones de África y se Io que digo. Así pues, un determinado número de africanos viven durísimas situaciones, tanto que la realidad es mucho más dura y amarga de Io que indican los informes de algunas organizaciones internacionales, gubernamentales y no gubernamentales.

Su vida es una lucha constante jalonada de desafíos cotidianos. A pesar de las difíciles condiciones y de la escasez de recursos, viven con dignidad, animados de sincero patriotismo, en aras de alcanzar un futuro mejor.

En efecto, el tratamiento de esta situación requiere la adopción, a medio plazo, de una visión inclusiva, coordinada y complementaria.

Tal situación interpela, asimismo, la urgente puesta en marcha de iniciativas prácticas, dado que la creciente gravedad de la situación y las acuciantes necesidades cotidianas, no pueden esperar a que la burocracia internacional se despierte de su letargo para adoptar decisiones.

Desde esta perspectiva, África debe figurar en el propio centro de la cooperación internacional por el desarrollo, para ayudarla a deshacerse de su pasado colonial y liberar sus energías.

Por ello, Marruecos quiere formular un llamamiento a la ONU así como a las instituciones financieras internacionales y regionales, para que se elabore un plan de acción destinado a la transformación económica en África y disposición de recursos estables para su financiación.

Efectivamente, a pesar de las promisorias potencialidades que África encierra, ésta se halla hoy ante una encrucijada.

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En ausencia de un apoyo internacional sustancial y concreto, el continente africano conocerá disparidades flagrantes y graves entre sus países. Por una parte, están los países incorporados al proceso de desarrollo y progreso y otros que siguen debatiéndose en sus problemas e inmersos en la pobreza, ignorancia e inestabilidad.

De igual modo, invitamos a considerar como principales prioridades la paz y estabilidad, ya que son el mejor medio de prevención contra los conflictos, el extremismo y el terrorismo. Asimismo, la problemática de la migración ha de ser abordada desde un enfoque que tome en consideración la dignidad de los migrantes y la salvaguarda de sus derechos fundamentales, a la vez que trate los profundos motivos que originan este fenómeno.

Señor Presidente, La Iniciativa Nacional para el Desarrollo Humano que hemos lanzado en nuestro país, y que este año conmemora su décimo aniversario, ha contribuido a la reducción de la pobreza, precariedad y exclusión, así como a la disminución de las disparidades regionales.

Esta misma Iniciativa ha permitido a Marruecos, desde el año 2013, realizar el primer designio fijado por los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, induciendo a las instancias internacionales a colocar a nuestro país en el tercer puesto, entre los primeros cinco países mundiales que han adoptado los mejores programas e iniciativas de interés general.

En este sentido, estamos dispuestos a poner la experiencia que hemos acumulado en este ámbito, al servicio de nuestros socios, especialmente en África.

Debido a su ubicación geográfica y opciones estratégicas, el Reino de Marruecos toma parte en las diferentes problemáticas y cuestiones internacionales, ya se trate de la migración y derechos humanos, cambios climáticos, desarrollo sostenible o lucha contra el terrorismo. En este sentido, Marruecos ofrece respuestas nacionales que constituyen un valor añadido a los esfuerzos internacionales que buscan relevar estos inéditos desafíos universales.

Señor Presidente, Señoras y Señores, El compromiso de Marruecos de aportar su contribución a estas cuestiones universales ha quedado patente, de manera especial, en el ámbito de la lucha contra el cambio climático, considerado como una de las principales amenazas al conjunto de la humanidad.

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Así pues, desde su participación en la Cumbre de Rio de 1992, Marruecos consiente todos sus esfuerzos por la elaboración de una política nacional medioambiental, fundada sobre la movilización de todos los actores concernidos y la buena gestión de los recursos financieros destinados al clima.

Entre los ejemplos que se podrían mencionar en este contexto, citemos la adopción de la Carta Nacional para el Medioambiente y el lanzamiento del Plan Marruecos Verde, amén del ambicioso programa de energías renovables, solar y eó1ica, que aspira a cubrir el 42% de las necesidades energéticas nacionales en el horizonte de 2020.

Fieles a sus compromisos en el dominio medioambiental, el Reino ha presentado oficialmente, en el año 2015, su esperada y concreta contribución naciona sólidos y ambiciosos compromisos como contribución al establecimiento de un sistema medioambiental mundial, solidario y equitativo.

En este mismo marco se inscribe la propuesta de Marruecos de acoger, en 2016, en la ciudad de Marraquech, la 22ª Conferencia de los Estados Parte en la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el cambio climático.

Con esta ocasión, con motivo de la 21ª Conferencia de Paris, queremos reiterar nuestro apoyo a los esfuerzos desplegados por Francia a fin de alcanzar un acuerdo mundial y global, sostenible y equitativo, de obligado cumplimiento.

De ahí que consideremos las cumbres de Paris y Marraquech como dos etapas complementarias, susceptibles de realizar un desarrollo cualitativo en la lucha contra el cambio climático, superando los anteriores fracasos causados por la débil coordinación y cooperación entre los diferentes socios.

Esto es Io que Llamamiento de Tanger" que hemos lanzado, conjuntamente con Su Excelencia el Presidente François Hollande, el pasado 20 de septiembre, en aras de una acción mundial colectiva, solidaria y fuerte a favor del clima.

Lejos de ser aleatoria, la elección de Marruecos para el lanzamiento de tal iniciativa conjunta constituye una prueba de consideración hacia nuestro país, que viene a ser uno de

184 los primeros países africanos en adoptar una estrategia nacional eficiente en el ámbito de las energías renovables.

Fiel a su opción solidaria, Marruecos no escatimará esfuerzo alguno en hacer escuchar la voz y las preocupaciones del continente africano y de los pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo, en la medida en que son los más vulnerables ante los efectos del cambio climático.

Señor Presidente, Señoras y Señores, La Organización de las Naciones Unidas, que celebra su septuagésimo aniversario, ha alcanzado el estado de madurez, sensatez y responsabilidad. Estos mismos principios y valores han de regir su labor para resolver los conflictos regionales, sin por ello constituir un motivo de desestabilización de los Estados que contribuyen a la acción y cooperación multilateral.

Por ello, Marruecos rechazará toda aventura irresponsable en torno al diferendo regional sobre el Sahara marroquí.

Numerosas potencias internacionales son plenamente conscientes de que las concepciones irrealistas elaboradas dentro de los despachos, así como las propuestas engañosas, no pueden sino constituir un peligro para la situación en la región.

Confiamos en que la ONU proseguirá sus esfuerzos a fin de hallar soluciones pacíficas a los conflictos, dentro del respeto de la soberanía e integridad territorial de los Estados, a fin de realizar las aspiraciones de todos los pueblos de vivir en paz, seguridad y estabilidad.

El saludo, la bendición de Dios el Altísimo y sus gracias, sean con vosotros.

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MAURICIO Anerood Jugnauth, Primer Ministro de la República de Mauricio

Mr President, 12 years ago, I bade farewell to this Assembly as I had decided to retire from active politics thereafter, which I did. But destiny and the wish of the People of Mauritius brought me back in the political arena and I stand in front of you anew as Prime Minister of the Republic of Mauritius, following my electoral victory in December 2014, through free and fair elections.

This, Mr. President, is yet another affirmation that Mauritius upholds a high tradition of democracy, respect for human rights, rule of law and peaceful co-existence. We will solemnly continue to uphold these universal values that require our careful nurturing as Member States of the United Nations. For indeed, there can be no better tribute to the United Nations, as we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the UN Charter, than to see nations working together to sustain these values and towards the establishment of Peace and Security.

Mr. President, In this context, we commend the Secretary General for the timely setting up of a High Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations to review the UN Peace building Architecture.

We are particularly supportive of the recommendation for stronger and deeper partnerships between global and regional organisations to promote international peace and security.

For we, in Mauritius, have witnessed how the collective efforts of the United Nations, the African Union, SADC, the Indian Ocean Commission and other regional economic communities unlocked the political stalemate in Madagascar, enabling our neighbour and brother nation to pursue its development.

Similar collaboration has also enabled the AU to deploy robust operations in complex situations in Mali, the Central African Republic and Somalia.

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Mr. President, Mauritius strongly condemns the recent coup in Burkina Faso and appreciates the prompt initiatives of the UN, the AU and ECOWAS to keep that country on the path of democracy.

Mauritius is fully committed to the implementation of Agenda 2063 of the AU, which represents the collective vision of Africans for a peaceful, united and prosperous Africa.

We congratulate the Palestinian Authority on the occasion of the formal recognition by the UN of Palestine as an Observer.

Mauritius calls on the international community to put in even greater efforts to ensure that the two independent, secure and viable States of Palestine and Israel live peacefully side by side.

Similarly, we wish to see an end to refugees fleeing one tragedy to face an even greater disaster.

Mr. President, The spread of armaments, nuclear proliferation, terrorism and piracy remain important threats to world peace and require our constant vigilance.

My country will thus pursue its fight against piracy as a member of the Contact Group and welcomes the decision to review the boundaries of the High Risk Area so as to reduce inflationary pressures on maritime and freight costs.

Mr. President, We welcome the agreement reached on the Iranian nuclear issue and seek the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action as it can contribute to international peace and security.

Mr. President, Let me share with this august Assembly that Mauritius acceded to the Arms Trade Treaty in July this year and, yesterday, I deposited our Instrument of accession to the Convention on Cluster Munitions.

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As we deal with the issue of armaments, we must remain conscious that the biggest weapon of all remains Fear, the fear that terrorists use so extensively to curtail freedom of thought, freedom of expression and to impose their intolerance upon those who dare to be different.

Mauritius unreservedly condemns terrorism, in all its forms and remains committed to combat intolerance and extremism whether at domestic level or internationally.

Mr President, As we focus on peace and security, let us continue to inspire ourselves from the life and deeds of Mahatma Gandhi, whose birth date we are commemorating today. We have another golden opportunity here to pay tribute to the Mahatma, the apostle of nonviolence, the man who shunned intolerance and who asked us to live simply so that others may simply live.

Mr President, As a Small Island Developing State which is vulnerable to natural hazards, Mauritius believes that the greatest challenge to peace and security in the years to come will be Climate Change which requires our utmost attention now.

If we do not act collectively and in a spirit of solidarity; if we are unable to reach a binding climate agreement in COP 21 that would limit world temperature increase below 1.5 degrees compared to 1990, we will be failing in our duty towards Mother Earth and future generations.

Let there be a carve out for SIDS, the most vulnerable of all, the Least Developed Countries and Africa to enable them to implement fully the necessary mitigation and adaptation measures.

Let financing be available and predictable in addition to the sharing of technology to address a collective threat.

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In this respect, Mauritius is pleased to host the Commonwealth Climate Finance Skills Hub, which will be launched at the forthcoming Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Malta.

This mechanism aims at assisting SIDS and LDCs to access much needed funds for adaptation and mitigation.

Mr. President, Mauritius particularly welcomes Sustainable Development Goal 5 relating to women and girls empowerment.

Mauritius has made steady progress on this agenda and continues to put in place appropriate strategies to further promote gender equality in all the spheres of development.

I am proud to announce that for the first time in history, my country has three women in high positions, as President of the Republic, Vice President and Speaker of the National Assembly of Mauritius.

Mr. President, There can be no democracy without human rights, and no human rights without development.

A balance needs to be maintained between the trident of peace, human rights and development.

We are living at a time of uncertainty where not a single nation is immune from external shocks, but some are more exposed than others.

As a small developing state, my country is highly vulnerable to external shocks and high current account deficit. We depend on foreign markets for tourism, trade and investments, and we have limited fiscal space to manoeuvre. In addition, our ageing population not only leads to a reduction of our productive capacity but also costs significant resources in terms of health care financing and retirement benefits.

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However, against this bleak backdrop, my Government is making sure that the Welfare State, of which we are so proud, is maintained.

We are reengineering our economy. We have pledged to achieve an average GDP growth of 5.5 percent annually as from 2017 on the back of a technology and innovation driven economy with a focus on sustainability and human development.

Mr. President, More than ever, Mauritius needs the support of the international community to untangle itself from the middle-income web and reach the high income country status.

Financial institutions and development partners need to go beyond our relatively high GDP, which obscures the real cost that we have to pay for our development and precludes us from accessing vital development finance and support.

Development partners should not forget that the specific and unique vulnerabilities of SIDS have been reiterated, highlighted and acknowledged by world leaders in the SAMOA Pathway and recently in the Post 2015 Agenda.

Mr. President, It is gratifying to note that the Addis Ababa International Conference on Financing for Development has pledged to support the economic transformation of SIDS and LDCs through domestic resource mobilisation, catalytic use of ODA and strong trade commitments.

These promises should be effectively translated into reality to drive forward our sustainable development agenda.

Mr. President, Mauritius is committed to upholding good governance, transparency and the rule of law at all levels.

We have been very active in ensuring effective implementation of international standards of transparency and exchange of information, with a view to combating tax evasion, money laundering and other malpractices.

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Mauritius was one of the earliest States that signed a multilateral competent authority agreement with the OECD to automatically exchange information on financial matters, and in June 2015 we reaffirmed our commitment by officially signing the OECD Multilateral Convention on Mutual Assistance in Tax Matters.

In March this year, Mauritius was privileged to host the Signature Ceremony with regard to the United Nations Convention on Transparency in Treaty-based Investor-State , otherwise known as the Mauri .

By being the first country to sign and ratify the Convention, we are forcefully demonstrating our commitment to democratic participation, transparency and good governance.

Mr. President, The rule of law should be promoted not only at national but also at international level. We need to pursue meaningful efforts to reform the United Nations to make it more responsive to the needs and aspirations of all the Member States.

If our organisation is to remain legitimate, there should be a comprehensive reform of the UN Security Council. The status quo is not an option. The legitimate aspiration of Africa for permanent representation in the Council should not be denied.

Mauritius reaffirms its commitment to the African Common position enshrined in the Ezulwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration.

Small Island Developing States, which represent over a quarter of UN Membership, deserve representation on the Council.

Likewise, Mauritius supports India's rightful aspiration to a permanent seat in a reformed Security Council.

Mr President, Mauritius has always firmly supported the resolution of disputes by peaceful means as inscribed in the Charter of the United Nations.

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We believe that, in accordance with resolutions of this Assembly, it is high time to complete the process of decolonisation in Africa.

Mr. President, It is also high time to resolve the situation that prevents Mauritius from effectively exercising its sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago and the Island of Tromelin that form an integral part of the territory of Mauritius.

The Chagos Archipelago was illegally excised by the United Kingdom from the territory of Mauritius prior to its accession to independence, in breach of international law and resolutions of this Assembly.

In the wake of this illegal excision, the Mauritians who were residing at the time in the Chagos Archipelago were forcibly evicted by the British authorities from the Archipelago in total disregard of human rights. Most of them were moved to the main island of Mauritius.

The Government of Mauritius is fully sensitive to their plight and to their legitimate aspiration, as Mauritian citizens, to resettle in the Archipelago.

Mr President, Mauritius welcomes the Award of the Arbitral Tribunal delivered on 18 March 2015 against the United Kingdom under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

We welcome the Tribunal's decision that the 'marine protected area' purportedly declared by the United Kingdom around the Chagos Archipelago was established in violation of international law.

We also welcome the Tribunals unanimous recognition that Mauritius has an interest in significant decisions bearing upon the uses of the Archipelago pending its return to the effective control of Mauritius.

This arbitral proceeding was the first occasion on which any international judge or arbitrator has considered the facts and history lying behind Mauritius' entitlement to sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago.

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Mauritius appreciates the fact that two arbitrators have confirmed the opinion that the coastal State in relation to the Chagos Archipelago. This view has not been contradicted by any other judge or arbitrator.

This, no doubt, confirms our stand that the Chagos Archipelago is, and has always been, an integral part of the territory of Mauritius.

Mr President, The Tribunal underscores United Kingdom's legally binding obligations to Mauritius. These establish, beyond doubt that in international law Mauritius has real, firm and binding rights over the Chagos Archipelago and that the United Kingdom must respect those rights.

The Tribunal recognised that Mauritius has a legal interest in the Chagos Archipelago such that decisions affecting its future use cannot be taken without the involvement of Mauritius.

Mr. President, Despite this clear ruling of the Tribunal, we regret that the United Kingdom appears to be adopting a different approach to the rights of Mauritius. It has recently launched a so- called consultation exercise on purported resettlement of Mauritians of Chagossian origin in the Chagos Archipelago under conditions amounting, again, to a gross violation of their most basic human rights.

Mauritius rejects unreservedly this purported consultation exercise.

We wish to assure the international community that once Mauritius is able to effectively exercise its sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, our brothers and sisters of chagossian origin who resettle in the Archipelago will be able to live in dignity and enjoy their basic human rights as they currently do in Mauritius.

Mr. President, Considering the award of the Tribunal, we urge the, United States of America which is currently using Diego Garcia for defence purposes to engage in discussions with Mauritius regarding the long term interest of Mauritius in respect of Chagos Archipelago. The more

193 so, after the affirmation by the President of the United States of America when he so convincingly stated in his speech to this Assembly on Monday: I quote We cannot stand by when the sovereignty and territorial integrity of a nation is flagrantly violated".

Mr. President, The Government of Mauritius is resolutely committed to pursue all efforts in accordance with international law for the effective exercise by Mauritius of its sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, including the possibility of further recourse to judicial or arbitral bodies.

And we urge this Assembly and the international community at large to support Mauritius in its legitimate endeavours.

In this regard, this Assembly has a direct institutional interest in the resolution of this matter.

The Assembly, of course, has historically played a central role in addressing decolonisation, through the exercise of its powers and functions especially in relation to Chapters XI through XIII of the UN Charter.

Under its Resolution 1514(XV) of 14 December 1960 on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples, this Assembly declared that any attempt aimed at the disruption of the territorial integrity of such a country is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.

In Resolution 2066 (XX) of 16 December 1965, a resolution dealing specifically with Mauritius, the Assembly drew attention to the duty of the administering power not to dismember the territory and not to violate the territorial integrity of the then colony.

Therefore, this Assembly has the responsibility in helping to complete the historic process of decolonisation which it was so successful in instigating and overseeing in the second half of the last century.

This is why, Mr. President, we are convinced that this Assembly should now establish a mechanism to allow and monitor the fulÿ implementation of the UNGA resolutions.

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Mr. President, I take this opportunity to express the deep appreciation of Mauritius for the unflinching support it has consistently received from members of the African Union, the Non- Aligned Movement and the Group of 77 and China, and other friendly countries for its sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago.

Mr President, As regards Tromelin, we urge France to pursue dialogue with Mauritius for the early resolution of the dispute over the island in the spirit of friendship that has always characterised the relationship between the two countries.

Nous savons pouvoir compter sur la noblesse de la France et ses idéaux de justice et de fraternité pour que la République de Maurice puisse exercer sa souveraineté effective sur Tromelin.

Mr. President, I will conclude by saying that for peace, security and inclusive and sustainable development to prevail in our respective countries, we need to act with our heart. Only then we will succeed in building the world we all dream of.

We should inspire ourselves from the wisdom packed message of Pope Francis who blessed us with his presence in this Assembly last week. He so magnanimously said: I quote It must never be forgotten that political and economic activity is only effective when it is understood as a prudential activity, guided by a perennial concept of justice and constantly conscious of the fact that, above and beyond our plans and programme& we are dealing with real men and women who five, struggle and suffer, and are often forced to five in great poverty, deprived of all rights".

Thank you, Mr. President.

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MAURITANIA

Hamadi Ould Meimou, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Islámica de Mauritania

Resumen (Inglés): http://gadebate.un.org/70/mauritania

Discurso (Árabe): http://gadebate.un.org/sites/default/files/gastatem ents/70/70_MR_ar.pdf

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MOZAMBIQUE

Filipe Jacinto Nyusi, Presidente de la República de Mozambique

Mr. Chairperson of the Seventieth Session of the United Nations General Assembly, The Secretary General of the United Nations, Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government, Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is with a great honour that, once again, on behalf of the Mozambican people and indeed on my own behalf I address this seventieth Session of the United Nations General Assembly.

As we celebrate 70 years of our Organisation we are cognizant that we are not here just to commemorate a mere event.

We are also celebrating the realization of the desire to build a Universal Organisation which carries out activities in a global perspective, with a structured and institutionalised scope, with the capacity to evolve and adapt.

We are celebrating one of the wisest decisions of the humanity to establish an international body responsible for Peace, Security and the development of Member Countries.

An organisation which prevents that the humanity goes back to experience the spectrum of a world war or violent conflict situation at a global level.

We are celebrating mutual commitment to strengthen International Law as an instrument for regulating and standardising relations between and among States.

Relations based on the principles of sovereign equality between States, peaceful settlement of differences and non-interference in domestic affairs.

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This positive and inspiring development, however contrasts with the prevailing conflict situations which are still affecting the humanity.

We will not be fair to ourselves and to our peoples and future generations, if we ignore the challenges and failures to be overcome.

The United Nations failed to guarantee international peace and security in its fullness. Old and new challenges emerge, inter and intra-state conflicts proliferate, particularly in Africa and Middle East.

The phenomenon of terrorism is growing as the most serious threats of our time.

Decolonisation is yet to be completed, underdevelopment, exacerbated by the problematic of refugees and illegal migration, are far from becoming history.

However these failures cannot be regarded as fatalism. They should be taken up as challenges that require, more than mere words; most importantly they require concerted actions by the international community.

Without the United Nations the political, economic and social context in which we find ourselves would be worst.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, The celebration of the seventieth anniversary of the United Nations under the reaffirmation of our commitment to keep alive the objective to protect future generations from the violence of war and to ensure inclusive socio-economic development in full freedom.

Therefore, there is only one response to these phenomena and trends: translating the concrete, structured and tangible actions.

For Mozambique, in the area of international peace and security, the commitment to action includes, among others, the adoption and implementation of effective structures for

198 prevention and management of conflicts, as well as the need to conclude a Convention against terrorism. Emphasis should be in preventive diplomacy.

The commitment to action we celebrate here should establish platforms for dialogue among cultures and civilizations as an essential tool to promoting tolerance, the culture of peace and a dignified and peaceful world.

As for development, we rejoice for the adoption of the Development Agenda Post-2015, a new global development framework for the next 15 years.

This is an agenda that succeeds and builds on the Millennium Development Goals which guided us over the last 15 years.

Therefore any action we take in the future should not ignore the successes achieved and lessons learned.

Similarly to other countries, I believe, Mozambique has achieved remarkable progress in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals.

Worth highlighting is the expansion of access to education, gender balance in the access to primary education and compliance with the target on infant mortality reduction.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, The Development Agenda Post-2015 embodies our collective ambition to transform the world by 2030. The Agenda brings back human dignity by fighting poverty, protecting people and the planet. It represents, in particular, the culmination of a number of negotiation processes at global level on climate change, for its centrality.

The Development Agenda Post-2015 is perfectly in line with our Governance Five Year programme. It is not an end in itself, but it has an added value of focusing on people. It is founded on the so called sustainable development pillars, namely the economic, social and environmental dimensions.

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The Agenda is not an end in itself, but a means that reflect a collective desire to combat poverty and bring back human dignity.

It is our desire that by 2030 we meet, in a historical event as this one to celebrate the implementation of the goals and common vision as reflected in the document,

For that to be possible, Mozambique defends, among other things that it is of paramount importance that the commitment to action reflects:  The need to timely mobilise the requisite resources for its implementation;  The continuous relevance and abidance of the principle of common but differentiated responsibility;  The importance for partners to respect commitments assumed under the agreed international development goals;  The importance of appropriate technology transfer to developing countries, as a catalytic factor for socioeconomic transformation;  Aid without political conditionality, and strengthening of north-south, south- south, bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms, in the light of internationally agreed principles; Respect for national reality and inclusion of local content.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, The commitment of Mozambique to the Development Agenda Post-2015 is unequivocal and it has been expressed from the onset.

As you might be aware, Mozambique has been one of the 50 countries selected by the United Nations to host national consultations.

This sample has contributed for the development of this new guiding instrument of the global development agenda.

This was a process that was extended to the most diverse socio-professional segments, whose results, to our satisfaction, were taken into consideration in the Report of the Secretary General.

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For the Development Agenda Post-2015 to be truly transformative and successful, it is imperative that it is domesticated and absorbed by national governance instruments.

Indicators and targets should be defined in a clear way in order to facilitate the process of monitoring and evaluation of progress.

Mozambique has already been able to take this important step with the inclusion of the three dimension approach of the Development Agenda Post-2015 into the Government Five Year Programme, namely:  Consolidating national unity, peace and sovereignty;  Developing human and social capital;  Promoting employment, productivity and competitiveness;  Developing economic and social infrastructures;  Ensuring sustainable and transparent management of natural resources and the environment. We reiterate here our commitment to continue building the capacity for domestic resources mobilisation which grew from 13% of the GDP, in 2006 to 25% in 2014.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, Lack of effectiveness of the United Nations in fulfilling to a full extent its own purpose is one of the issues that concern us.

It is not understandable that the United Nations are an obstacle for the implementation of its own mandate.

We should be here today, equally celebrating the completion of the Security Council reform opening a new window of opportunity to promote a world where people enjoy the most elementary rights, including peace and development.

The Security Council reform is one of the concealed pillars for the success of implementation of the Development Agenda Post- 2015 which cannot be underestimated.

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We should therefore, translate our renewed and consensual will to reform the Security Council into tangible results.

We should also take advantage of the environment created for this session to bring more dynamism to the reform process.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, As we said in the Summit that adopted the Development Agenda Post-2015, the holistic approach and strategic objectives set for each of the priorities of our new governing cycle reflect the economic, social and environmental dimensions which configure the Sustainable Development Goals.

Meanwhile, they are the main challenges for the country to mobilise the necessary resources for the implementation of this agenda and the incorporation of indicators and global targets under the process of monitoring and evaluation of progress.

The celebration of 70 years of the United Nations and the adoption of the Development Agenda Post-2015 are being shadowed by an unprecedented crisis at international level.

I am referring to the humanitarian crisis arising from the flow of refugees and migrants with no parallel in the recent history of the humanity.

This shocking situation is a manifestation of a succession of unresolved crisis or poorly settled situations in relation to which the international community had already forecast.

Today we are committed to adopting measures that will minimise the plight of these people.

However, little will be achieved if we continue to focus on short term cosmetic measures which respond to the manifestation of the problem, like the need to curtail the flow of refugees and migrants from the source.

We need, yes, to confront and address the underlying problems of this phenomenon with dramatic human proportions.

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We will not be in a position to identify effective actions if we fail to recognise that we have failed as international community.

We are talking about proliferation of conflicts, political, social and economic exclusion. We are talking about poverty, injustice and hunger.

We are talking on the way dialogue is replaced by threat and aggression. We are, actually, talking on how fear has taken the place of the willingness to acquaint mutually.

Some of these measures to address the situation are long known.

In this regard, we would like to call upon all leaders to redouble efforts in search for sustainable solutions to this humanitarian scourge.

Mr. Chairperson, Heads of State and Government, We have followed with keen interest and satisfaction the latest positive developments aimed at normalising bilateral relations between the USA and Cuba.

We continue to encourage actions to bring to an end the economic, trade and financial embargo on this country, without prejudice of legitimate interests of whoever concerned.

While we do not apply our wisdom and complete these political processes, even if we meet all targets of the Development Agenda Post-15 our mission as a community will never be complete.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, As you know, Mozambique was one of the most infested Countries by land mines in the world. Acknowledging the importance of mine clearance for promoting an atmosphere of peace, security and development, Mozambique has become party to the Convention on the Prohibition of Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-personnel Land Mines and on its destruction, also known as the Ottawa Convention.

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Since the onset, we have made all efforts to comply with obligations arising from this Convention. In this regard I am pleased to announce that Mozambique has successfully completed the Demining Programme.

We have cleared all known risk areas, which totalled 500 million square metres of land.

It would have been worthless to liberate our country, if our feet were forbidden from travelling throughout our land or from farming the land or developing tourism or mining our subsoil resources. This is a victory we celebrate with intensive emotion.

We would like to express our profound gratitude to our international cooperating partners and humanitarian demining organisations, the United Nations Agencies and the civil society for their invaluable support.

The year of 2015 is also special for Mozambique. On 25 June this year we celebrated 40 years of independence. We are a State which is no longer an adolescent. On 16 September this year we celebrated 40 years of cooperation with the United Nations, therefore we are jubilant in this house and the United Nations should feel proud for the stability and growth of our country. UN should perpetuate its support. Therefore I would like to conclude my remarks by reiterating that the search for sustainable solutions to global problems, alongside the United Nations and respective Member States will continue to be the unconditional commitment of my Government.

Long Live Sustainable Development of the Humanity!

Thank you

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NAMIBIA

Hage G. Geingob, Presidente de la República de Namibia

Your Excellency Mr. Mogens Lykketoft, President of the 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly; Your Majesties; Your Excellencies Heads of State and Government; Your Excellency Mr. Ban Ki Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations; Distinguished Heads of Delegations; Ladies and Gentlemen;

I am honoured to be here today, to deliver my maiden address to the United Nations General Assembly, as the 3rd President of the Republic of Namibia. Let me congratulate you, Excellency Mr. Mogens Lykketoft on your election as the President of the 7oth Session of the United Nations General Assembly. In the same vein, let me take this opportunity to thank the outgoing President His Excellency Sam Kutesa, for the sterling job he has done during his tenure as the President of the 69th Session of the United Nations General Assembly.

As I arrived at this building, I could not help but experience a strong sense of nostalgia. It has been said, The Journey of a thousand miles In 1964, 51 years ago, standing at the footsteps of this building, I began my thousand-miles journey, starting off as a young petitioner for SWAPO, against the illegal occupation of the then South West Africa by South Africa. On April 23, 1990, I returned to address this August assembly, as the first Prime Minister of an Independent Namibia during the admission of our Young Nation into the fold of the UN family. Today, 25 years after that moment, I am once again standing in this building, having ascended to the Presidency of our Republic. It is therefore a great joy to join you, Your Excellencies, on this 70th celebration of the anniversary of our organization.

Namibia is a Child of International Solidarity, midwifed by the United Nations. As Namibians, we are both grateful and proud of the support we received from the international community, through the United Nations system, during our struggle for

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Independence. In fact, if I can illustrate our close bond with the UN, in 1990, upon attaining Independence, we refused that the instruments of power be handed over to our first President, H.E. Sam Nujoma by the then President of South Africa F.W De Klerk. We demanded that the said instruments be handed over by Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar, who in so doing symbolized the birth of our Republic.

After the termination of South Africa's mandate over the then South West Africa, the United Nations assumed direct responsibility over Namibia. It furthermore established a Nationhood Program, which was meant to prepare Namibia for independence and future responsibilities. Through the United Nations Institute for Namibia, established by United Nations Council for Namibia, which I was tasked to head from 1975 to 1989, we were able to develop the building blocks, which we would use to construct our democracy. There is an African proverb, which says that a patient man will eat ripe fruit. With assistance from the UN we exercised patience in preparing for selfgovernance. Today I can proudly announce to the world that in Namibia, after having fought to free ourselves, we are now eating the ripe fruit of peace and democracy.

As an expression of our profound gratitude to the international community for its solidarity with our people and our undying commitment to international peace and security, we continue to make our modest contribution to the United Nations Peace- keeping Operations since our independence. Among others, we have contributed contingents to Peace-keeping Mission in Cambodia, Angola, Liberia, Darfur, Corte d'Ivoire, Timor-Leste, and South Sudan, participated by both men and women.

Mr. President, As we celebrate 70 years of the existence of this great experiment in human interaction, namely our United Nations, there is a lot which we can be proud of. Although the world has not been as peaceful as we would like, we can take solace in the fact that since World War two, we have avoided a conflict of such a magnitude and intensity. Most importantly is the inroads we have made into improving the conditions of human beings on this planet by lifting millions out of extreme poverty, empowering women, advancing human rights, and spearheading the process of decolonization which was also completed with only one exception, that of Saharawi.

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We hail from a continent whose leaders are busy addressing new goals and new commitments under the banner of the African Union. We are in the process of establishing the New Africa, with its own narrative as told by its sons and daughters. Africa has turned a new leaf, bidding farewell to the days of Coup d'etats and embracing electoral democracy. We as Africans, through the African Union, have ostracized those who come to office through unlawful ways. The recent coup in Burkina Faso is an example of our zero tolerance policy towards those who come to power through illegal ways.

Having achieved electoral democracy, it is pertinent that we buttress it by establishing, processes, systems and institutions. When we talk about processes we are referring mainly to electoral processes where electoral commissions need to be independent and impartial, able to instil confidence in the electorate. This will ensure that those who lose at the polls accept the results. By so doing, we can bring to an end a situation where those who lose at the polls feel left out, defeated and therefore choose to wage war.

In terms of systems, we talk about government systems which continue to function through the civil service even though there may be a political deadlock within a particular country. If all else fails, then the institutions come in, such as the supreme courts etc. This is what we have in Namibia.

From the above it is clear that we have put in place sound governance architecture. In terms of effective governance, our track-record speaks volumes: among others, rated number six overall as the best governed country on the African continent by the Mo Ibrahim index of African governance; rated at number seven in Africa as a clean country" in terms of corruption by transparency international; and ranked as a country with the freest press in Africa" by the reporters without borders.

Similarly, our macroeconomic architecture is admirable, underpinned by financial stability evident in a world-class banking system (a 9 sector ranked number 25th in the world by the world economic forum), and well-regulated through a prudent monetary policy for the past 24 years. Both the Fitch ratings and Standard and Poors, which are globally, recognized rating experts for country financial stability has consistently been according Namibia triple BBB plus ratings, to indicate that the country enjoys a stable economic outlook. Our debt stock is between 25% and 30% of GDP. Clearly at the level of

207 governance Namibia by all local and international standards has been doing quite well, as a maturing, stable, peaceful and democratic society.

However, we should understand that electoral democracy without economic democracy is meaningless because people do not eat peace, security and good constitutions. We still face the challenge of rectifying socio economic deficits and subsequent entrenched poverty caused by the many years of deliberately orchestrated policies of historical neglect and economic exclusion. This situation has proven resilient against the conventional anti- poverty strategies we have employed for the past 25 years, meaning we have to become more novel in our approach in this area. We are still faced with enormous social disparities between the rich and poor, among others; noticeable is the critical shortage of housing and other basic necessities.

It is for this reason that on the day of my swearing in as President of Namibia, March 21, 2015, I announced to my countrymen and women and to the world at large, that the Namibian Government was declaring all-out war on poverty.

Mr. President, The distribution of wealth is one of today's most widely discussed and controversial issues. However, the distribution of wealth is too important of an issue to be left alone to economists at the international financial institutions. It is for this reason that Namibia continuous to caution about the arbitrary classification of countries based on income alone. The current approach developed by the International Financial Institutions such as the World Bank and IMF, and subsequently adopted by the United Nations, to classify countries based solely on GDP does not reflect justice and fairness.

This approach, which simply divides GDP by population, completely ignores inequalities in the distribution of wealth and opportunities, and comes with adverse effects for social mobility and progress. Namibia has been one of the casualties of this approach, as it has been wrongly classified as a so-called upper middle-income country without taking into account that due to Apartheid, the economic wealth of the country remained in the hands of the minority white population, leaving blacks on the fringes of the economy. Instead of the international community assisting us in fighting the second phase of the struggle, we feel as if we have been left to fend for ourselves since the abovementioned classification

208 effectively denies Namibia access to grants and concessional loans to support our development Agenda.

One cannot build a nation when some citizens do not participate in the economy and therefore feel left out. Amartya Sen rightly says, Poverty should be seen as the deprivation of basic capabilities rather than merely as low income". Deprivation of elementary capabilities can be reflected in premature mortality, significant undernourishment [especially of children], persistent morbidity, widespread illiteracy and other failures. We can, therefore see that the effects of poverty are so interrelated that those amongst us who have the misfortune of being poor are trapped in perpetual cycles of poverty and despair.

To continue my intervention on poverty eradication, I would like to add that one of the most impactful interventions we can make in the war against poverty is through empowering women, who although representing half of the world's population, account for nearly 70% of the world's poor. In Namibia, gender equality is not mere lip service. We have benefitted from the SWAPO Party's internal reform of its party list system, to include, 50/50 representation of women. Due to SWAPO's victory at the national electoral polls, female representation in our Parliament has increased from 24% to 47%, only second to Rwanda, which has up to 64% female representation in its parliament. I have also appointed a young female Prime Minister, Namibia's first female in that position, as well as a female Deputy Prime Minister who is also our Minister of International Relations and Cooperation. She is present here today. Furthermore, I have appointed female minister at the helm of our Basic and Higher Education Ministries as well as other strategic ministries.

Mr. President, This reflective 70th Session has charted the course for the future with the adoption, two days ago, of the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), urging us all to join hands and build a new type of international relations based on win-win cooperation in order to realize the lofty ideals of living together in peace with one another as good neighbours".

Mr. President, s is on us to ensure that this 70th Session marks the beginning of a unified commitment towards establishing peace in all areas of the world. Let us ensure that no country feels left out of this process. Human rights are not divisible, fundamental freedoms

209 are not divisble, democracy is not divisible, self determination is not divisible. These apply to all of us as human beings on this planet.

The peoples of Palestine and Western Sahara should be allowed to enjoy their inalienable rights to self-determination and national independence just like all other people because these rights are not divisible; they apply to all of us. Namibia therefore reaffirms its full and unequivocal support for the inalienable rights of the People of Palestine and Western Sahara to self-determination and national independence. In this context, we call upon the United Nations to assume its full responsibility by implementing all its resolutions and decisions on Palestine with no pre-conditions. We equally call for the urgent implementation of all Security Council and General Assembly resolutions, with the aim of holding a free and fair referendum in Western Sahara.

Mr. President, There have been a number of developments in the geo political landscape, which are encouraging in terms of a more safe and peaceful world. One of these developments is the thawing of relations between the Republic of Cuba and the United States of America. For the past 25 years, Namibia has continued to call for the USA and Cuba to walk the 15 miles of peaceful co-existence. In this regard we applaud the re-establishment of Diplomatic Relations between the two countries as well as the laudable efforts of the two leaders for easing political tension.

We commend both countries for realizing that their differences are best addressed through engagement rather than estrangement. However, we hope that this first step will be followed by unconditional lifting of the embargo imposed on the people of Cuba.

Over 70 years of UN existence, the world has evolved and new issues and challenges have emerged. It is therefore proper for our organization to reposition itself to deal with these dynamic changes. In this light, Namibia remains committed to the comprehensive reforms of the United Nations, to strengthen the organization, make it more efficient, and responsive to the needs of all its members. In this regard, reforms of the UN System should be guided by the principles of democracy, equity, justice and fairness for all.

In reference to the reform of the UN Security Council, Namibia fully supports the African

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Common Position, as enunciated in the Ezulwini Consensus and Sirte Declaration as reaffirmed by the 25th Extra-Ordinary Summit of the African Union. The Continent of Africa deserves to be fairly and equitably represented in the Security Council, in order to rectify the long historical injustice endured by a Continent of over one billion people.

Mr. President, As President of the 11th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, Namibia is of the view that we will not end poverty unless we tackle the inter-linked issues of desertification, land degradation and drought. These issues are of critical importance, not only to Namibia and Africa, but for the world at large.

During its COPP 11 presidency, Namibia has sought to strengthen the implementation of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification to achieve its mandate in line with the Namib Declaration, which was adopted at COPP11. We have pushed hard for these issues to feature among the Sustainable Development Goals, and are pleased to see them incorporated under Sustainable Development Goals 15.

Mr. President, As we prepare to celebrate the 70 year existence of this organisation, an organisation with which so many of us here share a history and memories of struggle for freedom and dignity, let us ensure that we leave a legacy behind for our future generations, a legacy of peace, unity and the commitment to equitable and sustainable development. Let me reflect on the words of More than ever before in human history, we share a common destiny. We can master it only if we face it together. And that, my friends, is why we have the United Nations." The only way we can overcome our challenges is by forming a united front for the advancement of mankind. Through the United Nations we have the platform to achieve this. We can either choose to march to the original ideals that led to the formation of the United Nations or we can choose to pursue our ambitions at the expense of others and ourselves. Let us choose nobility, where we overcome our fears, insecurities and prejudices for the sake of shared sustainable development.

Let us leave a long lasting legacy which will shape the future of our planet politically, economically and ecologically. The time to act is now and Namibia stands ready to join hands with all of you to create a new type of global coexistence, where no continent, no region or no country will feel left out.

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I thank you.

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NIGER

Aicjiatou Boulama Kané, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores y de Cooperación de la República de Niger

Monsieur le Président, C'est pour moi, un réel plaisir et un immense privilège de prendre la parole devant cette auguste Assemblée, en ce moment historique de célébration du 70éme anniversaire de la création de l'Organisation des Nations Unies.

Je voudrais, avant tout propos, Monsieur le Président, vous adresser mes vives félicitations pour votre élection à la tête de cette 70è Session Ordinaire de l'Assemblée Générale.

Votre vaste expérience des questions internationales et parlementaires, combinée à vos éminentes qualités personnelles et professionnelles constituent un gage de succès de nos travaux.

Je voudrais également rendre hommage à votre prédécesseur, Monsieur Sam Kahamba Kutesa pour avoir présidé avec brio aux destinées de la 69è Session.

A l'endroit du Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies, Monsieur Ban Ki-moon, je tiens à réitérer toute la reconnaissance de ma délégation pour l'intérêt particulier qu'il a toujours accordé à la recherche de solutions aux multiples défis auxquels l'ONU et ses Etats membres font face.

Monsieur le Président, La présente session est historique comme je le disais plus haut, et le thème que vous avez choisi pour le débat général de cette année à savoir « l'ONU à 70 ans: en avant pour la paix, la sécurité et les droits de l'Homme», est fort opportun puisqu'il constitue à la fois un appel à un bilan d'étape et à une projection sur l'avenir, de l'action de l'ONU au service de

213 la paix et de la sécurité internationales, du développement économique et social et des droits de l'homme.

A cet égard, il y a lieu de se féliciter que les principes énoncés dans la Charte ont résisté à l'épreuve du temps et l'ONU a à son actif un grand nombre de succès.

Ainsi, dans le domaine de la Paix et de la sécurité internationale, notre Organisation a joué un rôle hautement appréciable dans la résolution des conflits et la prévention de plusieurs autres à travers notamment la mise en place d'une diplomatie préventive dans les années 1997.

Aussi, l'adoption en 2001 du Programme d'Action des Nations Unies pour combattre et éliminer le commerce illicite des Armes Légères et de Petits Calibres sous tous ces aspects, celle de la Stratégie Anti Terroriste des Nations Unies en 2006, la relance des Travaux de la Conférence de Désarmement en vue d'élaborer des recommandations concrètes sur le désarmement nucléaire et des mesures pratiques de confiance dans le domaine des Armes classiques, ou plus récemment encore la conclusion du Traité sur le commerce des Armes, sont autant d'actions qui témoignent de la marche en avant de l'ONU pour l'atteinte de ses objectifs.

Au niveau du maintien ou du rétablissement de la paix et la sécurité internationale, les Opérations de maintien de la paix, exécutées de plus en plus avec le concours des organisations régionales, ont connu une importante évolution tant dans leur envergure que dans leur mandat afin de s'adapter aux situations de crise et de conflits de plus en plus complexes. D'ailleurs, dans les semaines à venir, l'Assemblée Générale discutera de manière approfondie du nouveau rapport du Secrétaire Général sur l'avenir des opérations de maintien de la paix des Nations Unies.

A cet égard, il me plait de souligner que le Niger est le 17ème pays contributeur de troupes et de police au plan mondial avec 1826 hommes et femmes en 2015 dans les opérations de maintien de la paix de l'ONU.

Au plan du règlement pacifique des différends, la Cour Internationale de Justice, instituée par la Charte comme organe judiciaire principal des Nations Unies, a contribué à la

214 préservation de la paix internationale, à travers divers arrêts et avis consultatifs ayant permis le règlement pacifique de nombreux différends.

Le Niger, confiant en son rôle, y a fait recours par deux fois dans le cas de différends frontaliers qui l'ont opposé à deux Etats voisins, ce qui a permis non seulement de les régler définitivement, mais aussi de raffermir les relations de bon voisinage et de coopération avec ces pays.

Dans le même ordre d'idées, la conclusion en juillet dernier de !'Accord entre les cinq membres permanents du Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies et l'Allemagne d'une part, et la République Islamique d'Iran d'autre part, au sujet du programme nucléaire de ce dernier, constitue à nos yeux un réel motif de satisfaction.

Monsieur le Président, Au Moyen-Orient, le conflit israélo palestinien né quelques années après la création de l'ONU demeure encore sans solutions, avec ses lots quotidiens de pertes en vies humaines, majoritairement des civils, en dépit de toutes les initiatives prises par l'ONU et les plans de paix initiés par d'autres membres de la communauté internationale.

Mon pays le Niger reste solidaire avec le peuple palestinien et appuie tous les efforts pouvant aboutir à une paix globale basée sur une solution à deux Etats, avec une Palestine indépendante et viable vivant, côte à côte dans la paix et la sécurité avec Israël et les pays voisins. Nous nous réjouissons donc d'avoir assisté le 30 septembre à la levée du drapeau de la Palestine aux côtés des drapeaux des Etats membres ici même aux Nations Unies.

Toujours au Moyen Orient, les situations de guerre qui prévalent en Syrie, en Irak et au Yémen sont de réels sujets de préoccupation.

Tout ceci a pour conséquence le lot de souffrances infligées aux populations civiles forcées de chercher refuge ailleurs. Ce qui engendre des crises humanitaires, aujourd'hui éloquemment illustrées par le drame quotidien de l'immigration en mer méditerranée et aux frontières orientales de l'Europe.

En Afrique les situations en cours au Soudan du Sud constitue encore une source de grande préoccupation en dépit de l'accord signé en août dernier.

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Au Burkina Faso, nous nous réjouissons du dénouement heureux de la situation et du rétablissement du processus de transition démocratique grâce entre autres, aux efforts de l'Union Africaine et de la Communauté Économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest.

En République Centrafricaine, nous saluons le Forum de réconciliation nationale tenu à Bangui et appelons toutes les parties à la mise en des conclusions qui en sont issues. Toutefois, nous exprimons notre grande préoccupation au sujet des derniers événements intervenus préjudiciables à la sécurité et au respect de l'agenda convenu.

Au Mali, malgré la présence de la MINUSMA et de l'Opération Barkhane, les groupes terroristes n'ont pas cessé de poser des actes criminels visant essentiellement les populations civiles ainsi que les forces de maintien de la paix.

La signature le 20 juin 2015 à Bamako de /'Accord pour la Paix et la Réconciliation au Mali constitue un jalon crucial dans le processus de rétablissement de la paix, de la sécurité et de la stabilité ainsi que la mise en place des conditions propices pour un développement économique et social du Mali.

La mise en effective de cet Accord doit être appuyée par toute la communauté internationale.

En Libye, la situation demeure très préoccupante et mérite que la communauté internationale s'y implique davantage afin d'amener les populations libyennes à se réconcilier et lutter ensemble contre les groupes terroristes qui sèment la désolation dans tout le pays.

Nous le constatons tous les jours, leurs activités sont de nature à compromettre les efforts visant une véritable réconciliation nationale, condition sine qua non pour le rétablissement de la paix et de la stabilité, et partant, le développement économique et social auquel aspire légitimement le peuple libyen.

Cette situation constitue également une menace sérieuse à la sécurité du Niger, pays voisin, et au delà, de toute la sous-région sahélo-saharienne.

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A cet égard, nous souhaitons de tous nos que le processus de paix que dirigé l'ONU à travers le Représentant Spécial du Secrétaire Général, Monsieur Bernardino Léon, soit couronné de succès.

Monsieur le Président, A ces situations générales de conflits s'ajoutent l'extrémisme violent et le terrorisme international qui prend de plus en plus une proportion inquiétante, avec l'acquisition d'armements lourds et son ambition de conquérir des territoires propres, exposant ainsi l'humanité à un danger de déstabilisation sans précédent.

L'on peut toutefois se réjouir de la prise de conscience du phénomène par la communauté internationale, du danger qu'il représente, et de son engagement à y faire efficacement face.

Qu'il s'agisse de l'ONU à travers les Résolutions pertinentes du Conseil de Sécurité ou des actions des Organisations régionales et sous-régionales comme l'Union Africaine, la CEDEAO, la CBL T, l'Union Européenne, l'OCI, la communauté internationale fait montre d'une grande mobilisation pour éradiquer ce fléau.

Quant à la secte Boko Haram qui trouble la paix et la quiétude des populations dans le Bassin du Lac Tchad, elle sera sans aucun doute vaincue avec l'opérationnalisation effective de la Force Mixte Multinationale mise· en place par le Cameroun, le Niger, le Nigeria, le Tchad, Etats membres de la Commission du Basin du Lac Tchad, plus le Bénin.

Il nous plait à ce niveau de remercier les membres du Conseil de Sécurité pour leur Déclaration d'août 2015, par laquelle ils ont exhorté la communauté internationale à apporter tout l'appui nécessaire aux Etats de la Région, en particulier ceux membres de la Commission du Bassin du Lac Tchad plus le Bénin.

Pour sa part, le Niger, est activement engagé à combattre le phénomène et, en étroite collaboration avec ses partenaires, a renforcé le Comité national de lutte contre le terrorisme dans toutes ses formes et s'est inscrit dans une dynamique régionale et internationale visant à combattre ce fléau.

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Comme l'a d'ailleurs dit le Président de la République du Niger, S.E. Monsieur Issoufou Mahamadou à l'occasion de son discours devant l'auditoire de la prestigieuse université Américaine de Harvard le 3 avril 2015 je cite « La trinité de Clauswitz, peuple gouvernement- armée, qui a toujours été recherchée par le passé, dans les guerres dites industrielles, fonctionne à merveille dans les guerres asymétriques menées par les terroristes. Ceux-ci prétendent mener la Djihad, au nom d'Allah, au nom de l'Islam. Or l'Islam est une religion de paix, de tolérance, de juste milieu. L'Islam prescrit aux musulmans de rechercher le savoir, d'aller chercher, comme le disait le prophète (PSL), la connaissance jusqu'en Chine, d'apprendre du berceau au tombeau. Les terroristes de Boko Haram, comme tous les autres terroristes, ne sont pas des musulmans : au contraire, ils sont les pires ennemis de l'Islam» Pour ces raisons ajoutait-il « Boko Haram n'a pas d'avenir, Boko Haram sera vaincue». Fin de citation.

Monsieur le Président, En matière de Droits de l'Homme, depuis l'adoption le 10 décembre 1948 de la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l'Homme, nous avons assisté à un développement impressionnant du droit international des droits de l'homme, par la conclusion de nombreux instruments juridiques internationaux couvrant presque tous les aspects en la matière y compris des droits nouveaux.

Parallèlement d'important progrès ont été enregistrés dans la codification du droit international.

Monsieur le Président, Concernant le défi de la migration, nous nous réjouissons que la communauté internationale se préoccupe de cette importante question en vue d'un traitement adéquat et nécessairement global.

Pour notre part, le Niger à la fois pays d'origine, pays d'accueil et pays de transit, il nous parait impérieux de trouver d'une part, des solutions palliatives immédiates permettant de juguler l'immigration clandestine et démanteler l'économie criminelle qui la soutenu, et d'autre part résoudre le problème en s'attaquant aux causes profondes de la migration dans les zones d'origine, causes qui sont d'ordre sécuritaire dans les foyers de conflit, d'ordre économique-climatique et parfois d'ordre politique notamment la mal gouvernance.

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Monsieur le Président, Dans le domaine du développement économique et social, le système des Nations Unies (SNU), à travers les activités opérationnelles de ses Agences, Fonds, Programmes et Institutions Spécialisées, a apporté aux Pays en développement dès leur accession à la souveraineté internationale une aide importante en matière d'assistance technique, de renforcement des capacités et des projets de développement.

C'est avec satisfaction que j'observe que le système des Nations Unies a agi en partenaire neutre et de confiance dans le cadre de l'appui aux Gouvernements à asseoir leurs leadership, à remplir ses engagements internationaux et à mettre en leur stratégie de développement.

Mon pays le Niger, pour rappel, a adhéré à l'ONU le 20 septembre 1960 sous le parrainage de la Tunisie dont je salue au passage l'amitié constante en ce 70ème anniversaire de notre organisation commune. Depuis cette date, le Niger est résolument engagé dans la solidarité internationale et se félicite en cette circonstance solennelle du nouveau tournant pris par l'ONU pour aller au-delà des OMO et garantir à notre planète l'indispensable mutation pour que les ODD ne soient pas une simple profession de foi mais un réel engagement pour un développement global durable.

Monsieur le Président, « Un nouvel engagement pour l'action » est un engagement en faveur des peuples auxquels il faut garantir la paix, la stabilité et le développement, c'est un engagement pour renforcer à l'échelle du monde l'esprit du partage et de la solidarité, c'est un élan pour briser les barrières des inégalités entre nations et celles des revenus au sein des nations. C'est enfin construire un monde plus juste et plus humain.

C'est pourquoi, le Niger considère que intitulé, « Transformer notre Monde : le Programme de Développement Durable à /'Horizon 2030», que nous venons d'adopter, constitue une heureuse opportunité qu'il convient de mettre en de manière efficace et effective.

Ces engagements auxquels nous venons tous de souscrire n'ont de sens que s'ils s'inscrivent dans un effort de solidarité agissante et de partenariat renouvelé. Le système des Nations Unies doit constituer un acteur important dans la mise en des 17 Objectifs de Développement Durable (ODD) et les 169 cibles qui s'y rattachent, ainsi que des

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Moyens de Mise en et du mécanisme de suivi et examen, tels que prévus par le Programme.

J'ose espérer que ce dispositif parachèvera les avancées enregistrées avec les OMO et sera en mesure de répondre aux défis auxquels nous faisons face, pour la réalisation de « l'avenir que nous voulons » c'est-à-dire, le bien-être économique, social et environnemental pour tous.

J'ose également espérer que ce dispositif prendra en compte le lien étroit qui existe entre sécurité, développement et climat.

Il convient de saluer également le Programme d' Action d' Addis- Abéba sur le financement du développement adopté en juillet 2015, à travers lequel les partenaires ont réaffirmé leur engagement à appuyer les efforts des pays en développement en vue d'une croissance économique et sociale inclusive et d'un développement durable, au moyen, notamment d'une Aide Publique au Développement accrue, prévisible et stable, et d'autres sources de financement, publiques et privées.

Monsieur le président Alors que les plaies laissées par les Programmes d'ajustement structurels des années 1980 à 1990 ne se sont pas cicatrisées, la crise économique et financière de 2008 est venue soumettre à rude épreuve l'élan de reprise de la croissance amorcée dans les années 2000.

Les économies des pays en développement, en particulier les plus vulnérables d'entre eux, notamment les pays en développement sans littoral, les Pays les Moins Avancés et les Petits Etats Insulaires en Développement, en ont été les plus touchées.

A cet égard, je voudrais relever toute l'importance que représente pour nous l'accélération de la mise en intégrale des engagements souscrits au titre du Programme d'Action d'Istanbul pour les Pays les Moins Avancés et le Programme d'Action de Vienne pour les Pays en Développement sans Littoral.

Nous fondons également l'espoir que le Sommet de Paris sur le climat sera sanctionné par un instrument juridique contraignant comportant des mesures efficaces pour l'atténuation des effets des changements climatiques, l'adaptation des pays à ces effets et la résilience

220 des populations face à leurs conséquences, conformément au principe de responsabilité commune mais différenciée. Dans le même sens, les engagements relatifs au Fonds Vert pour le Climat doivent non seulement être respectés, mais aussi accélérés. Nous saluons au passage tous les efforts que le Gouvernement français, sous le leadership du Président François Hollande, déploie en vue de garantir la réussite de cette rencontre climatique historique.

Il importe aussi de redoubler d'efforts en vue du respect des engagements réaffirmés dans le Programme d'Action d'Addis-Abeba pour le financement du développement, le document final du Sommet sur le Programme de développement pour l'après 2015, et les mesures qui auront été décidées à la COP21 sur le climat.

Quant au Niger, il poursuit l'exécution d'un Programme de Développement Economique et Social jusqu'à fin 2015, dont l'objectif général vise la croissance économique et l'accès de tous les nigériens aux services sociaux de base.

Un nouveau Programme de Développement prendra le relais après 2015, il sera une déclinaison de la Stratégie de Développement Durable pour une Croissance Inclusive (SDDCI) Vision Niger 2035, d'où l'importance pour le Niger d'une mobilisation conséquente en matière de renforcement des capacités, de facilitation du commerce, de technologies et d'investissements privés.

Dans le même temps, au plan politique, la bonne gouvernance démocratique, facteur essentiel de tout développement sera renforcée et durablement enracinée. A cet égard, le Niger est sur le point d'organiser en début 2016 une série d'élections pour le renouvellement, des mandats de ses institutions. Ces élections, présidentielles, législatives et locales seront transparentes, libres et inclusives. J'invite tous les partenaires à accompagner le Niger dans cette entreprise de consolidation de la démocratie dans mon pays.

Monsieur le Président, Le système international a également besoin d'une gouvernance démocratique. Cela est d'autant plus nécessaire qu'il est clairement reconnu que les problèmes auxquels nous faisons face sont d'ordre planétaire, et méritent par conséquent, des réponses de même nature à travers un multilatéralisme intégral.

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Ce 70è anniversaire de l'ONU devrait être mis à profit pour examiner son fonctionnement et avancer dans la détermination des ajustements nécessaires, afin que !'Organisation reflète les réalités actuelles du monde en particulier au niveau du Conseil de Sécurité.

L'Afrique absente au moment de la création de l'ONU, coloniale, devrait voir corrigée l'injustice historique qui la prive d'une représentation appropriée au sein du Conseil de Sécurité.

Conformément au Consensus d'Ezulwini et aux délibérations de l'Union Africaine, notre continent, doit être représenté dans les deux catégories de membres, permanents et non permanents, à concurrence de 2 places pour les premiers et de 5 pour les seconds.

De même, l'Assemblée Générale qui est l'organe principal plénier par excellence devrait être revitalisé, afin de renforcer son rôle dans la recherche de solutions aux divers défis et ce, conformément aux dispositions pertinentes de la Charte.

Le Niger croit au multilatéralisme, à une solidarité soutenue entre les peuples et aux vertus du dialogue entre les Etats.

Au nom de ces vertus, nous saluons le rétablissement des relations diplomatiques entre les que le 70éme anniversaire del'ONU coïncide avec la fin de l'embargo économique contre ce pays.

Je vous remercie de votre attention.

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NIGERIA

Muhammadu Buhari, Presidente de la República Federal de Nigeria

President of the General Assembly, Secretary General, Your Excellencies Heads of State and Governments, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I would like, Mr. President, on behalf of the Government and people of Nigeria, to congratulate you and your country on your election to preside over the 70th session of the U.N. General Assembly.

May I also express appreciation to your predecessor, Mr. Sam Kahamba Kutesa, and the Secretary General, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, both of whom worked tirelessly to ensure proper articulation of the post-2015 Development Agenda and to maintain the focus and commitment to the ideals of the United Nations. I thank Mr. Ban Ki-moon for his recent visit to Nigeria when we held very useful discussions.

Mr. President, Fifty-five years ago almost to the day, my great predecessor, Nigeria's first Prime Minister, AIhaji Abubakar Tafawa Balewa stood on this forum to declare Nigeria's desire to develop and maintain friendly relations with all countries. He also assured the world of our country's commitment to uphold the principles upon which the United Nations was founded.

Mr. President, My country, Nigeria, has lived by this conviction, even when judgement went against us in territorial disputes with our neighbours. We respected those judgements and abided by them as a mark of respect for the rule of law and the charter of this organization. Nigeria's record in the U.N. peacekeeping is second to none. I myself as a young officer in the Nigerian Army did tours of duty in Congo and the Lebanon.

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Nigeria has contributed to U.N. peacekeeping efforts in Ethiopia, Liberia, Sierra Leone and Darfur. Furthermore, we are proud of our contributions to other activities of the U.N. including the Peace Building Commission, the Human Rights Council and security sector reform.

Mr. President, We are gratified to note that most countries have pledged commitment to the post-2015 Development Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with their means of implementation. The successor frameworks of the MDGs have come, Mr. President, with lofty aspirations and if I may say so, heroic assumptions! Nonetheless, they target development cooperation by the international community up to the year 2020. And they deserve universal support.

This is because the SDGs mirror the hopes and aspirations of much of the world.

I should stress that for the newly adopted SDGs to be truly global, they must be practical. In this regard, the SDGs' core objectives of poverty eradication and reducing inequalities must be met within the framework of a revitalized global partnership support by concrete policies and actions as outlined in the Addis Ababa Action Agenda.

Luckily, these two core objectives of the SDGs are precisely at the centre of Nigeria's new Administration's agenda. It must be emphasized, Mr. President, that Foreign Direct Investment supplemented where suitable by Official Development Assistance as outlined in the Addis Ababa Agenda are necessary, though not sufficient, conditions for accelerated development in countries that are trying to catch up.

In this connection, I would like to appeal to industrialized countries to redeem their pledge of earmarking 0.7% of their GDP to development assistance. With the sole exception of the UK, all concerned countries have, I am told to meet the UN requirement. But, Mr. President, with SDGs we have the opportunity to improve the lives of people not just in the developing world but in all nations.

The Secretary General himself has grouped the SDGs essential elements" namely:  Dignity

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 Prosperity  Justice  Partnership  Planet  People As a prerequisite to these and as we look at history and remember the terrible events that gave rise to the birth of the United Nations in 1945, I would like to propose a seventh:  Peace

Peace, Mr. President, is close to the hearts of Nigerians, as we are in the front line in the war on terror. Boko Haram's war against the people of Nigeria, Chad, Niger and Cameroon may not attract as much worldwide attention as the wars in the Middle East but the suffering is just as great and the human cost is equally high.

This is a war about values between progress and chaos; between democracy and the rule of law. Boko Haram celebrates violence against the weak and the innocent and deplorably, they hide behind their perverted interpretation of Islam. Boko Haram is as far away from Islam as any one can think of.

Many of my colleagues attending this forum would want to know how our new government intends to tackle the huge problems the government has inherited. Friends of Nigeria and foreign investor partners will be encouraged to know that the new Government is attacking the problems we inherited head-on.

We intend to tackle inequalities arising from massive unemployment and previous government policies favouring a few people to the detriment of the many. We intend to emphasize quality technological education for development and lay foundation for comprehensive care of the aged, the disadvantaged and the infirm. But for now terrorism is the immediate problem.

Accordingly, Mr. President, Members of the General Assembly, the new Nigerian Government which I have the honour to head, moved with dispatch to put in a bold and robust strategy to defeat Boko Haram. Nigeria and her neighbours Cameroon, Chad and Niger plus Benin are working together to face this common threat within the regional

225 framework of the Lake Chad Basin Commission. We have established a multinational joint task force to confront degrade and defeat Boko Haram.

We have driven them away from many of their strongholds, killed or captured many of their operatives or commanders and freed several hundreds of hostages.

Mr. President, one of our major aims is to rescue the Chibok girls alive and unharmed. We are working round the clock to ensure their safety and eventual reunion with their families. Chibok girls are constantly on our minds and in our plans.

Mr. President, terrorism is by no means the major or the only evil threatening and undermining the wellbeing of societies around the world. Corruption; cross border financial crimes; cyber crimes; human trafficking; spread of communicable diseases; climate change; proliferation of weapons are all major challenges of the 21st century which the international community must tackle collectively. Let me reaffirm Nigerian government's unwavering commitment to fight corruption and illicit financial flows. By any consideration, corruption and cross border financial crimes are impediments to development, economic growth, and the realization of the wellbeing of citizens across the globe.

Nigeria is ready and willing to partner with international agencies and individual countries on a bilateral basis to confront crimes and corruption. In particular, I call upon the global community to urgently redouble efforts towards strengthening the mechanisms for dismantling safe havens for proceeds of corruption and ensuring the return of stolen funds and assets to their countries of origin.

Mr. President, the world is now facing a big new challenge: human trafficking. This is an old evil taking an altogether new and dangerous dimension threatening to upset international relationships. We in Africa are grieved to see on international networks how hundreds of thousands of our able bodied men and women fleeing to Europe and in the process thousands dying in the desert or drowning in the Mediterranean.

We condemn in the strongest terms these people traffickers and will support any measures to apprehend and bring them to justice. At the same time, we are very appreciative of

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European governments notably Italy and Germany, for their understanding and humane treatment of these refugees.

Last year, our continent faced the dreadful occurrence of Ebola. We sincerely thank the international community for the collective efforts to contain this deadly disease. We are not out of the woods yet but we would like to record our appreciation to the United States, United Kingdom, France and China for their outstanding assistance in arresting the spread of Ebola and care of those infected in collaboration with host countries.

Mr. President, Nigeria fully subscribes to and fully endorses Goals 13, 14 and 15 of the SDGs regarding Climate Change. In Nigeria, desertification and land erosion and degradation leading to biodiversity loss are real threats to our environment and we shall propose under the auspices of the Lake Chad Basin Commission a regional approach to combat these environmental challenges.

We look forward to the UN Summit on climate change in Paris in December 2015. This summit should provide optimism to humanity on addressing the looming threat faced by many communities around the world.

Mr. President, We are witnessing a dreadful increase in conflicts fuelled by availability of small arms and light weapons. I call upon all member countries to demonstrate the political will needed to uphold the UN charter. For a start, a robust implementation of the Arms Trade Treaty will guarantee that small arms and light weapons are only legally transferred. Arms traffickers and human traffickers are two evil species which the world community should eradicate.

Mr. President, As we engage in these annual debates, we need remind ourselves of the principles that led to the founding of the United Nations. Among those are peaceful coexistence and self- determination of peoples. In this context, Mr. President, the unresolved question of self- determination for the Palestinian people and those of Western Sahara, both nations having been adjusted by the United Nations as qualifying for this inalienable right must now be assured and fulfilled without any further delay or obstacle.

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The international community has come to pin its hopes on resolving the Palestinian issue through the two - states solution which recognises the legitimate right of each state to exist in peace and security. The world has no more excuses or reasons to delay the implementation of the long list of Security Council resolutions on this question. Neither do we have the moral right to deny any people their freedom or condemn them indefinitely to occupation and blockade Mr. President, delegates of member countries.

UN is 70 years old. It can count many more than 70 major achievements as the world's forum and family reunion. It is my hope that in the next 70 years, it will achieve control of climate, help to eliminate communicable diseases, eliminate major and local conflicts and therefore eliminate the problem of refugees, take major steps towards reducing harmful inequalities between nations and within nations and above all, eliminate nuclear weapons.

Mr. President, As this is my first address in this Assembly, I thank you and the delegates for listening so patiently.

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REPÚBLICA CENTROAFRICANA

Catherine Samba Panza, Presidente de la República Centroafricana Pronunciado por Samuel Rangba, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Centroafricana

Excellences Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs Etat ; Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs de Gouvernement ; Monsieur le Président de la 70e Session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies ; Monsieur le Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies ; Mesdames et Messieurs; Distingues Représentants;

Le Chef de l'Etat de la Transition, Son Excellence Catherine Samba-Panza aurait bien voulu vous adressez personnellement ce message afin de remercier les Nations Unies pour le soutien inestimable au processus de la transition en République Centrafricaine. Malheureusement, la résurgence de la violence depuis le 25 Septembre a oblige à regagner le pays plus tôt que prévu. Elle m'a donc charge de vous livrer le message dont la teneur suit.

Monsieur le Président, C'est un honneur et un réel plaisir pour moi de partager avec vous, au nom de Son Excellence Catherine Samba-Panza, la vision de mon pays sur les grandes questions du monde et vous entretenir sur l'évolution de la situation en République Centrafricaine. La gravite de la situation qui prévaut aujourd'hui dans mon pays m'impose le devoir de faire l'économie des questions internationales pour appeler attention des dirigeants du monde sur le nouveau drame que vit le peuple centrafricain.

Je voudrais tout d'abord adresser mes sincères félicitations à Son Excellence Monsieur Mogens Lykketoft, pour son élection en qualité du Président de cette 70e Session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies. Soyez rassuré, Monsieur le Président, du soutien total de la délégation centrafricaine pour la réussite des travaux de cette session qui marque également le 70éme anniversaire de notre Organisation.

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A Monsieur Ban Ki-Moon, Secrétaire General des Nations Unies, j'exprime mes sincères encouragements et la gratitude renouvelée du Gouvernement et du peuple centrafricain pour son engagement constant, en faveur de la paix, de la sécurité et du développement dans le monde et plus particulièrement pour son implication personnelle dans la résolution de la crise centrafricaine.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Représentants, II y a un an le Chef de l'Etat de la Transition présentait devant cette auguste assemblée la situation dramatique qui prévalait dans mon pays tout en lançant un appel de détresse à la communauté internationale afin de se mobiliser au chevet de la République Centrafricaine en proie aux violences aveugles et barbares des groupes armes non conventionnels.

Devant l'horreur et la cruauté des exactions et crimes d'envergure inédite de l'histoire de la République Centrafricaine, votre réponse ne s'est pas fait attendre. La communauté internationale s'est engagée unanimement à soutenir le Gouvernement de Transition qui venait d'être mis en place. Cet engagement s'est concrétisé par l'adoption de plusieurs Résolutions du Conseil de Sécurité dont la Résolution 2149, ayant autorise le déploiement de la Mission Multidimensionnelle Intégrée des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation en République Centrafricaine (MINUSCA).

Fort de ce soutien de la communauté internationale, le Chef de Etat de la Transition s'était engage à pleinement pour l'établissement du dialogue entre les différents acteurs afin de rechercher ensemble les voles et moyens de retrouver la cohésion sociale et amorcer le processus de la stabilisation du pays. Il s'agissait d'instaurer un climat apaise, de confiance devant permettre un retour au vivre ensemble.

La crise était profonde et complexe.

Elle nécessitait une réponse vigoureuse et globale que le Gouvernement de Transition à lui seul ne pouvait apporter. Afin de sortir de cette impasse, le Gouvernement de Transition a élaboré, avec appui de la communauté internationale, une feuille de route avec pour priorités:  La restauration de la sécurité et la consolidation de la paix;

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 L'assistance humanitaire;  Le ré  Publiques, et;  L'organisation des élections libres, transparentes et démocratiques pour un retour a l'ordre constitutionnel.

Monsieur le Président, En dix-huit mois de Transition, des progrès considérables ont été réalisés.

Au plan politique, Après la signature des Accords de cessation des hostilités é Brazzaville le 23 Juillet 2014, des consultations populaires à la base, organisées a travers tout le pays, ont abouti à la tenue du Forum National du 04 au 11 Mai 2015, regroupant toutes les forces vires de la nation, y compris les groupes armes. Il a débouché sur l'adoption d'importantes recommandations et la signature des engagements par les groupes armes pour renoncer à la violence. Le processus électoral se déroule normalement et le Gouvernement s'est engage à organiser les élections conformément au chronogramme établi par l'Autorité Nationale des Elections (A.N.E) qui fixe les échéances a la fin du mois de Décembre 2015. Ce processus est irréversible la population centrafricaine est déterminée à aller aux urnes pour choisir démocratiquement ses dirigeants.

En 2011, alors que le pays était en paix, le nombre des inscrits était de 1.600.000 électeurs. Ace jour, malgré la crise nous sommes à 1.590.000 électeurs inscrits. Ceci témoigne de l'engouement du peuple à retourner à l'ordre constitutionnel.

Au plan sécuritaire, Depuis le déploiement de la MINUSCA le 15 Septembre 2014 jusqu'aux derniers évènements, la situation se normalisait progressivement sur toute l'étendue du territoire national. La Capitale Bangui commençait a retrouver son charme avec la reprise des activités socioéconomiques.

En attendant le processus de Désarmement, Démobilisation, Réinsertion et Rapatriement (DDRR), un programme de pré-DDR avait été lancé par le cantonnement des éléments des ex groupes-armés qui sont utilises dans les travaux communautaires.

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Sur le plan humanitaire, La situation est redevenue alarmante depuis cette date fatidique du 25 Septembre 2015. Alors que le nombre des déplacés internes s'était sensiblement réduit il y a une semaine, nous assistons a une augmentation vertigineuse qui porte a pros de 30.000 déplacés a Bangui. Cependant celui des refugies est passe de plus d'un million en 2014, à environs 460.000.

Au plan économique, Le taux de croissance qui était de -37% au fort de la crise en 2013 est passe à 1,3% en 2014 et la provision pour 2015 est de 5,5%.

Ces progrès résultent de l'appui de la communauté internationale qui a créé les conditions nécessaires pour la mobilisation des ressources et des appuis des partenaires bilatéraux ou multilatéraux.

Monsieur le Président, Aujourd'hui, après un an de travail inlassable avec les efforts conjugues du Gouvernement de Transition et de la communauté internationale, nous aurions pu déclarer, avec satisfaction il y'a une semaine, que le drame est derrière nous, que la République Centrafricaine se relève progressivement de ses cendres et reprend peu é peu sa place dans le concert des nations.

Hélas! Au moment où nous sommes venus annoncer aux Nations Unies les résultats encourageants du processus de la Transition qui tend a sa fin, par l'organisation des élections d'ici la fin de l'année 2015, les ennemis de la paix ont, une lois de plus, porte un coup dur au processus depuis le 25 Septembre par des violences aveugles, des assassinats et crimes odieux faisant des dizaines de pertes en vies humaines et des destructions des biens publics et privés et le déplacement massif de la population.

Cette situation démontre à l'évidence que la paix et la réconciliation restent fragiles et exigent des actions plus vigoureuses et soutenues pour éviter à mon pays de retomber dans un nouveau cycle de violence généralisée qui risque de remettre en cause tous les acquis de la Transition chèrement obtenus grâce à la détermination du gouvernement et du peuple centrafricain et au soutien constant de la communauté internationale.

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Pendant dix-huit mois, l'aspiration légitime du peuple à la stabilité et au développement reste tributaire de la situation sécuritaire très fragile comme l'atteste les violences qui secouent la ville de Bangui en ce moment.

Monsieur le Président, J'ai conscience que plusieurs foyers de crises se sont multipliés dans le monde aujourd'hui, que notre organisation fait face é plusieurs défis à la fois, que les ressources s'amenuisent de plus en plus.

Mais, souvenez-vous de ces milliers d'enfants, de femmes, de vieillards, d'infirmes et autres personnes vulnérables odieusement et lâchement assassines, violes, humilies ou contraints de quitter leurs demeures pour trouver refuge dans des endroits insalubres et inhumains, sous la pluie, sans abris, parce que poignée d'individus ont décidé de réaliser leur funeste dessein de déstabilisation de tout un peuple afin d'assouvir leur soif du pouvoir.

C'est pour celles et ceux-là que je vous adresse ce message. C'est pour celles et ceux-là, que je demande au Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies, de renforcer le mandat de la MINUSCA afin de mieux combattre ces ennemis de la paix et redonner espoir au peuple centrafricain meurtri.

C'est aussi pour celles et ceux-là que je demande au Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies d'envisager l'allègement du régime de sanction à l'égard de l'Etat Centrafricain notamment en ce qui concerne la formation et l'équipement de nos forces de défense et de sécurité dans le cadre de la coopération bilatérale.

Dans cette perspective, l'accélération du processus de la Reforme de Secteur de la Sécurité (RSS), du pré-DDR et du DDR apparaisse comme la priorité absolue, voire immédiate vers la reconstitution d'une armée républicaine, multiethnique et représentative de toutes les régions du pays, capable d'appuyer les actions des forces internationales.

Aussi, je reste profondément préoccupée par la question de l'impunité, qui se perpétue en dépit des sanctions prescrites par les Résolutions 2127 et 2134 du Conseil de Sécurité à regard de certaines personnalités centrafricaines. La non application des dispositions de ces

233 résolutions est l'une des causes de la persistance des groupes armes et des violences dans le pays.

C'est ici le lieu, de rendre un hommage mérité à la MINUSCA et à tous ceux qui ont contribue é redonner espoir au peuple centrafricain notamment, les pays membres du Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies, de Union Européenne, de l'Union Africaine, de la CEEAC, de la CEMAC, de l'OCI, de la Conférence Internationale sur la Région des Grands Lacs ainsi qu'é la France, aux Etats-Unis d'Amérique et au Maroc.

Monsieur le Président, Cette Assemblée Générale se tient dans un contexte de menaces généralisées qui interpellent tous les pays épris de justice et de paix. Qu'il s'agit d'Al Qu'Aïda au Maghreb Islamique, d'Al Shebab, de BOKO HARAM ou encore de l'Etat Islamique, le terrorisme constitue une menace pour l'humanité toute entière et doit retenir l'attention de tous les dirigeants du monde qui doivent coopérer, quel que soit leur conviction idéologique ou religieuse, à éradiquer ce fléau.

La République Centrafricaine n'est pas épargnée de ces menaces car, en plus des groupes armes qui massacrent impunément la population civile, mon pays fait face depuis plus d'une décennie à la LRA de Joseph Kony qui sème la désolation au Sud-Est du pays.

La porosité des frontières au Nord-Est et au Nord-Ouest du pays, fait de la République Centrafricaine un sanctuaire potentiel sinon probable du terrorisme en particulier le BOKO- HARAM.

C'est pourquoi, le rétablissement de la sécurité et la restauration de l'autorité de l'Etat sur tout le territoire national, constitue la priorité des priorités afin d'éviter à la République Centrafricaine de devenir une zone de repli, de recrutement ou d'approvisionnement des groupes terroristes.

Monsieur le Président, Aux conflits armés et au terrorisme, s'ajoutent les pandémies du VIH/SIDA, de la Fièvre Ebola, de la pauvreté qui rendent de plus en plus précaire la situation de la majorité des populations de notre plan`rte. Ces pandémies requièrent une solidarité internationale accrue

234 entre les Etats et un partenariat soutenu entre les gouvernements et la société civile pour les éradiquer.

L'autre défi majeur auquel fait face notre humanité est le changement climatique. Ce dérèglement du climat est source d'aggravation des inégalités géographiques, sociales et écologiques avec ses corollaires néfastes: la pauvreté, la crise migratoire et l'amenuisement des ressources pour les générations actuelles et futures.

Mon pays, qui fait partie du bassin du Congo, participe à travers ses forêts à la préservation de l'équilibre écologique mondial mais, il est classe parmi les pays les plus pauvres au monde, donc plus vulnérable. Nos priorités de développement restent l'adaptation aux impacts négatifs du changement climatique à travers l'appui de la communauté internationale pour un accès des pays du sud aux financements additionnels et au transfert de technologies propres.

Dans cette perspective, les conclusions de la prochaine Conférence de Paris prévue pour le mois de Décembre 2015 constitueront un signal fort de tous les décideurs de la planète à ensemble pour offrir à la génération future un monde où il fera bon vivre.

D'autres enjeux comme le respect des droits humains, l'Etat de droit et la bonne gouvernance, sont les conditions d'une paix et d'une sécurité durable. Mais le respect des droits de l'homme ne doit pas constituer un alibi pour faire place à l'impunité. Il doit s'exercer dans le cadre de la justice équitable qui permet aux auteurs des crimes graves de répondre de leurs actes.

Le respect des droits humains c'est aussi le règlement pacifique des différends, le respect de la liberté d'expression, de la préservation de l'intégrité territoriale des Etats.

La République Centrafricaine demeure convaincue que la prévention des conflits et leur règlement par des moyens pacifiques, constituent le gage le plus sûr, pour le maintien de la paix et de la sécurité internationale.

C'est pourquoi, mon pays continue de soutenir le principe du règlement politique de la question du Sahara marocain dans le cadre des orientations définies par les Nations Unies. Mon pays salue les positions encourageantes du Conseil de Sécurité des Nations Unies

235 exprimées à travers les différentes Résolutions adoptées depuis 2007, qui posent les bases crédibles d'un règlement politique, mutuellement acceptable par les différentes parties. La République Centrafricaine reste et demeure solidaire de tout processus engagé dans le cadre des Nations Unies.

Monsieur le Président, Ce 70e Anniversaire de l'ONU nous offre, l'opportunité d'amorcer les réflexions sur la réforme des instances de notre organisation pour les adapter aux réalités du monde actuel. II faut donc tracer une nouvelle voie pour la paix et la sécurité mondiale, en engageant une réforme de la principale instance, le Conseil de Sécurité, pour le rendre plus représentatif des différents continents et plus accessible au pays du sud.

La République Centrafricaine soutient le processus de cette Réforme, qui pourra rendre ONU plus aptes au règlement des grandes questions internationales afin de mieux répondre aux attentes des Nations.

Mon pays plaide également pour un encadrement du droit de véto en allégeant la procédure de action internationale dans les situations de conflits ou de catastrophes qui présentent les risques de crimes de masse et de crime contre l'humanité.

Je formule le que cette 70e Session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies, soit l'occasion historique où les dirigeants du monde prendront unanimement et courageusement l'engagement de revitaliser notre organisation avec la même détermination que leurs prédécesseurs il y'a 70 ans.

Je vous remercie.

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REPÚBLICA DEMOCRÁTICA DEL CONGO

Raymond Tshibanda N'tungamulong, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República Democrática del Congo

Monsieur le Président, Excellences Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de Gouvernement, Mesdames et Messieurs,

Au moment où, au nom de Son Excellence Joseph Kabila Kabange, Président de la République Démocratique du Congo que j'ai le privilège et l'insigne honneur de représenter, je prends la parole du haut de cette tribune, je voudrais, avant toute chose, joindre ma voix à celles des orateurs qui m'ont précédé pour vous féliciter à l'occasion de votre élection à la Présidence de cette 70eme Session ordinaire de l'Assemblée Générale de l'Organisation des Nations Unies.

Votre expérience de Ministre des Affaires Etrangères et des Finances du Danemark, ainsi que vos compétences en matière de développement, constituent des atouts majeurs pour le succès de votre mandat.

Je voudrais aussi saluer votre prédécesseur, l'Honorable Sam Kutesa, Ministre des Affaires Etrangères de la République de l'Ouganda, pour le remarquable travail, qu'à un moment historique de notre Organisation, il a accompli en tant que Président de la 69ème session de l'Assemblée Générale.

Je voudrais enfin rendre un hommage mérité au Secrétaire Général Ban Ki Moon, pour les efforts qu'il ne cesse de déployer pour défendre et promouvoir les buts et les principes de la charte des Nations Unies.

Monsieur le Président, Soixante-dix ans après avoir été porté sur les fonds baptismaux, notre Organisation universelle demeure plus que jamais pertinente, ses objectifs et principes d'actualité brulante.

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La paix et le développement sont en effet des unanimes et intemporels de tous les peuples. Par essence et par nécessité, maintenir la paix et la sécurité internationales, garantir la justice et les droits de l'homme, favoriser le progrès social, et instaurer des meilleures conditions de vie dans une liberté plus grande, sont donc appelés à demeurer au centre de notre action collective en tant que Communauté des Nations.

Ces objectifs de notre organisation sont complémentaires et se déterminent réciproquement. Ainsi, sans la paix, il n'y a pas de droits de l'homme qui tienne, qu'il s'agisse des droits civils et politiques, ou des droits économiques, sociaux et culturels, alors que le déni systématique ou la violation constante des droits conduit inexorablement à la rupture de la paix et de la cohésion sociale, aux crises latentes, sinon ouvertes.

De la même manière, sans la paix, le développement est hypothétique et la satisfaction des besoins vitaux des populations problématique, tandis que le sous-développement, la pauvreté et la précarité qui l'accompagnent, constituent un terreau fertile pour des revendications sociales dont, souvent, la violence est directement proportionnelle au ressenti des souffrances.

Par ailleurs, dans un monde en perpétuelle mutation et où les enjeux touchant à la sécurité, au développement et aux droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine n'ont plus de frontières, les sorts des uns et des autres sont liés. La solidarité dans l'action et la synergie des efforts ne sont pas des options, mais des conditions sine qua non de survie et de succès. La République Démocratique du Congo estime donc que les conflits armés, les guerres civiles, ainsi que tous les actes cruels et destructeurs des groupes terroristes, parce que perpétuant la souffrance et la misère, et parce que créant des profondes détresses dans le monde, doivent être condamnés, quels qu'en soient les auteurs, les lieux, les buts ou motivations. Le terrorisme constitue aujourd'hui une des menaces les plus graves contre la paix et la sécurité internationales. Lutter contre ce fléau doit être une des priorités de notre organisation ; soutenir et participer à la stratégie antiterroriste mondiale, une obligation pour chacun de nos Etats. Rester passif face à la montée du radicalisme et de l'extrémisme, dans leurs formes les plus barbares et meurtrières, serait, ni plus ni moins, cautionner la deshumanisation du monde.

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Consciente de cela, la République Démocratique du Congo, pays épris de paix et qui connait, de par son histoire, la valeur inestimable de ce bien précieux, inlassablement pour préserver la paix et la stabilité à l'intérieur de ses frontières, dans la région des Grands Lacs Africains et dans le monde.

C'est dans cette optique, qu'elle a signé, le 28 février 2013 à Addis Abeba, l'Accord Cadre pour la Paix, la Sécurité et la Coopération pour la République Démocratique du Congo et la Région des Grands Lacs; qu'elle s'applique à tenir tous les engagements souscrits par elle du fait de cette signature ; et qu'elle mène, à un coût souvent prohibitif, vu ses moyens limités, mais avec succès fort heureusement, des opérations militaires en vue de la neutralisation des forces négatives et groupes armés qui, depuis une quinzaine d'années, sèment la mort et la désolation dans l'Est de son territoire.

C'est à ce titre aussi qu'elle a détaché plusieurs de ses fils et filles, militaires et policiers, pour servir sous le drapeau des Nations Unies à travers le monde. C'est aussi pourquoi elle se sent interpellé, comme le reste de l'humanité, par la crise migratoire actuelle qui démontre, si besoin en était, la précarité de la condition humaine.

Tout en saluant ce qui est entrepris par les uns et les autres pour surmonter cette crise, il est important, nécessaire et urgent de s'attaquer à ses causes profondes que sont, notamment, le déni des droits humiens, sous-développement, la pauvreté, les conflits armés et les catastrophes naturelles, dont celles dues aux changements climatiques.

C'est donc mue par cette exigence, que la République Démocratique du Congo a participé à la négociation et à l'adoption du Nouveau programme de développement pour l'après-2015 et des Objectifs de Développement Durable. Ce programme incarne taus les espoirs pour les peuples du monde. Notre devoir à tous est de mettre tout en pour sa matérialisation.

C'est toujours mue par la même exigence, qu'elle s'est activement impliquée dans la préparation de la Conférence de Décembre prochain sur le Climat à Paris et dans les négociations internationales y afférentes.

Monsieur le Président, Nous aspirons tous à un développement économiquement efficace, socialement équitable et écologiquement soutenable. La réalisation de ces aspirations nécessitent des actions et

239 engagements fermes de la part de nous tous. A cet égard, nous avions tous souscrit aux objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement. Leur pleine et totale réalisation a cependant été entravée par de multiples goulots d'étranglement qu'il importe d'aplanir rapidement et des nombreux défis qu'il faut relever absolument et urgemment, particulièrement en ce qui concerne la préservation de l'environnement au sujet de laquelle la volonté d'agir ne doit plus demeurer timide.

Les changements climatiques constituent en effet un des défis majeurs auxquels notre planète fait face aujourd'hui. Ses conséquences négatives sur des secteurs socio- économiques vitaux, tels que l'agriculture et la santé sont désormais plus qu'évidentes. Il en est de même de leurs conséquences sur la disponibilité des biens qui, comme l'eau, sont indispensables à la vie.

L'urgence est donc à la conclusion d'un Accord universel, juridiquement contraignant, qui soit à même de permettre que l'élévation de la température moyenne de la planète soit contenue en dessous de 2 degrés centigrades par rapport aux niveaux préindustriels. Donnons ensemble la preuve de notre engagement aux Objectifs du Développement Durable en faisant de Décembre 2015 à Paris, l'échéance à ne pas dépasser.

En République Démocratique du Congo, nous nous sommes engagés à consentir des sacrifices responsables sans hypothéquer notre développement. Dans cette optique, nous avons élaboré et déposé une Contribution Prévue Déterminée Nationale comportant des mesures d'atténuation axées sur quatre secteurs prioritaires, l'agriculture, les forêts, l'énergie, et les transports, ainsi que des mesures d'adaptation qui, par-delà ces quatre secteurs concernent aussi la protection du littoral, le tout pour un taux de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre de 17 pourcent, soit 77 millions de tonnes Equivalent C02 à l'horizon 2030.

C'est ce même horizon que nous nous sommes fixés pour l'émergence de notre pays dans le cadre d'une vision globale et ambitieuse de développement dénommée «Révolution de la Modernité». En retour, nous espérons recevoir de la communauté internationale, la récompense que nous méritons dans le cadre du processus REDD+.

Monsieur le Président,

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Après avoir donné notre position sur quelques questions brulantes de l'heure, je voudrais maintenant vous entretenir brièvement de la situation dans mon pays. Je voudrais vous parler de la République Démocratique du Congo d'aujourd'hui ; un pays qui a connu certes des moments difficiles et aurait pu même disparaitre, n'eussent été l'appui des Nations Unies, mais aussi et surtout les sacrifices d'un peuple déterminé à préserver sa souveraineté et l'intégrité de son territoire, envers et contre tout.

C'est ici le lieu pour moi, de saluer la solidarité internationale dont nous avons bénéficié des autres Etats membres, singulièrement des pays contributeurs de troupes à la Mission de l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour la Stabilisation du Congo, MONUSVO en sigle.

C'est aussi celui de rendre hommage à l'héroïsme de nos forces de défense et de sécurité, ainsi que de notre population, toutes origines et classes d'âge confondues.

Du fait de l'action combinée des uns et des autres, nous pouvons affirmer, sans crainte d'être contredits, qu'en dépit de la persistance de quelques poches résiduelles d'insécurité que nous sommes activement occupés à résorber, la paix, la sécurité et l'autorité de l'Etat ont été rétablies sur la quasi-totalité du territoire national, ce qui, couplé à d'importantes réformes structurelles, a favorisé la reprise des activités économiques a grande échelle.

La République Démocratique du Congo est aujourd'hui l'une des économies les plus dynamiques de Afrique, avec un taux décroissance annuel constamment supérieur à la moyenne de l'Afrique sub-saharienne de 2010 à 2014, taux qui, en 2014, s'est situé à 9,5 %, soit le troisième taux de croissance le plus rapide au monde.

Elle affiche aussi, et cela depuis bientôt trois ans, un taux d'inflation inférieur à un pourcent et une remarquable stabilité du taux de change. Par ailleurs, la gouvernance et le climat des affaires n'ont cessé de connaitre des notables améliorations, au point de faire apparaitre la ROC parmi les dix pays les plus réformateurs au classement « Doing Business » de la Banque mondiale édition 2013.

Des défis majeurs continuent cependant à jalonner notre parcours. Nous sommes un pays post-conflit. Les efforts de stabilisation institutionnelle, de sécurisation du territoire et de reconstruction des infrastructures de base doivent et vont se poursuivre, avec pour objectif la victoire sur la pauvreté, l'injustice et les inégalités sociales.

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La République Démocratique du Congo est donc aujourd'hui un grand chantier ou abondent des opportunités d'affaires et ouvert à tous les partenariats, pourvu qu'ils tiennent compte de sa souveraineté, ne nuisent pas à ses intérêts vitaux et soient mutuellement avantageux.

C'est dans cette perspective que s'inscrit l'ouverture à la concurrence de plusieurs secteurs d'activités marchandes jusque-là réservées au secteur public. Ainsi, des nouvelles lois ont soit été adoptées, soit en voie de l'être, pour la libéralisation des secteurs de l'électricité et des assurances, pour la promotion des partenariats «public-privé» dans les domaines de l'agriculture et des infrastructures, et pour attirer entretenir les investis suer tant nation aux .

Monsieur le Président, L'obligation qui incombe aujourd'hui au Gouvernement de la ROC et à tous ses partenaires est celle de veiller à la consolidation de tous ces acquis. Préserver la paix et la stabilité, rendre irréversibles les avancées démocratiques et les progrès sur le plan économique et social, sont donc pour nous des priorités absolues.

C'est pourquoi nous attachons beaucoup de prix au processus de décentralisation en cours et qui a connu une accélération avec la mise en place des Assemblées provinciales dans les nouvelles provinces ainsi que celle prochaine des Exécutifs provinciaux dans les 21 Nouvelles provinces.

Dans le même chapitre, et conformément au calendrier électoral publie par la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante (CENI), la République Démocratique du Congo se prépare a l'organisation des élections générales, les troisièmes après celles de 2006 et de 2011. L'organisation de ces élections, prévues pour le cycle 2015-2016, marque la confirmation d'une rupture définitive avec la spirale de violence et d'instabilité qui l'a caractérisée ces dernières décennies et engage le peuple congolais dans une culture démocratique pérenne.

En dépit des multiples contraintes d'ordre financier et logistique qui émaillent le processus électoral, tout est mis en par la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante, avec le concours du Gouvernement, sous la direction du Chef de l'Etat, pour relever le défi de l'organisation des élections transparentes et crédibles, dans un climat apaise.

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A cette fin, oonvai1cu que le dialogue est un principe central de la démocratie et un facteur de cohésion sociale, le Chef de l'Etat a engagé, depuis le mois de mai y dernier, des consultations avec tous les segments de la société congolaise, acteurs politiques, société civile, autorités religieuses et coutumières, en vue d'un Dialogue National.

Pour terminer, Monsieur le Président, Apres la défaite du M23 et la reddition de plusieurs groupes rebelles, la République Démocratique du Congo veut consolider la paix retrouvée et revenir a une vie normale. Pour ce faire, la présence onusienne sur le territoire congolais doit être repensée et les effectifs des contingents de la MONUSCO progressivement réduits.

Notre pays attend le soutien de l'Assemblée des Nations ici réunies, le soutien de cette demande responsable et légitime d'Etat membre en plein exercice de sa souveraineté, demande qui bénéficie déjà de l'appui des Communautés Economiques Régionales dont nous sommes membres, la SADC et la CIRGL, ainsi que de l'Union Africaine.

Il compte sur le dialogue stratégique en cours avec le Secrétaire Général des Nations Unies et ses experts pour arriver à une recommandation dans ce sens au Conseil de Sécurité.

Monsieur le Président, Je vous remercie.

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RUANDA

Paul Kagame, Presidente de la República de Ruanda

Excellency, President of the General Assembly, Excellencies, Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

The adoption of the Global Goals marks a new era, in international cooperation. Ending extreme poverty was never going to be enough, to fulfil our ambitions. This new compact is about prosperity, and it recognizes that the only sustainable future is one that includes all of us.

It could hardly be otherwise. The creativity and dynamism of billions of people, is already transforming our world for the better. This is thanks to improved health and education, access to new technologies, and empowering women to take their rightful place.

But growth and progress also raise new challenges related to international migration, environmental protection, and demands for good governance.

Responding to these changes will put the United Nations at the centre of global affairs, as never before, in the generation ahead. Cooperation is the only way forward.

And yet, the new consensus on sustainable development is incomplete, because it lacks a shared definition of the political legitimacy, required to sustain this international order.

The divergence of visions is rooted in history. When world powers created the United Nations seventy years ago, independence for the colonized peoples of Africa and Asia, was

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These moral hierarchies and prejudices are still with us, contributing to the mismanagement of political change, and corroding the trust, upon which effective multilateral cooperation depends.

The internal character of national systems counts for everything. They cannot be bypassed. Political legitimacy is not a legal abstraction. It is an objective reality, which can be measured, for example, in terms of progress toward the Global Goals, as well as indicators of public opinion.

We face serious challenges that must be confronted together, as an international community. We cannot afford to undermine the most responsible and capable members, by applying standards to some countries, that are not applied to others, or even imposing inappropriate ones.

To take just one example, international refugee law has barely been a factor in the current crisis, as if the purpose all along, was more to keep refugees encamped far from developed countries, than to protect the rights of people fleeing persecution.

In other cases, multilateral institutions are used to gain credibility for biased attacks against countries, even as scrutiny of the powerful is considered unnecessary.

When matters of principle become associated with domination and disdain, then the basis for joint action in the multilateral system is compromised.

We have nothing to fear from high standards. The only stability worth having is one based on a good politics that delivers real results for citizens, and facilitates peaceful change.

There is human dignity involved, and even survival. No country or system has a monopoly on wisdom, much less a claim to moral superiority.

Our task is to settle the future, not the past. Change is coming, and it is necessary. No one can manage it alone, and the Global Goals rightly recognize our mutual interdependence.

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We have made good commitments, now we must make good on these commitments. Building a community of shared purpose capable of doing so starts with recognition of our equality.

Thank you, Mr President, and distinguished delegates, for your kind attention.

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SANTO TOMÉ Y PRÍNCIPE

Manuel Salvador Dos Ramos, Ministro de Asuntos Exteriores de la República Democrática de Santo Tomé y Príncipe

Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and gentlemen, Excellencies,

It is my distinct honour and privilege to participate in the proceedings of this august General Assembly on behalf of and representing the Democratic Republic of São Tomé & Principe.

I firstly and respectfully would like to congratulate Mr. Mogens Lykketoft for his election to the presidency of this 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly and express our full support throughout his term. May it be full of successes.

Indeed, his election is a result of the recognition by the Member States of our Organization, of his noble humanity, vast political experience, and unblemished professional history.

Before we begin to address the various topics that are of crucial importance as contributions to a better world, we must remember that this year marks the 70th anniversary of this Organization, which should provide the Member States with the opportunity to deeply reflect on the road that has brought us this far as well as the different reforms that must be introduced in order to make it more representative, legitimate, dynamic, efficient, inclusive, and ever more responsive to the reality and challenges imposed by armed conflicts, climate changes, migrant/refugee crises, economic deregulation, endemic diseases, poverty, and hunger!

Against this backdrop, Mr. President, we welcome the relevance of the themes of this Session, which continue to reflect the reality of our times. The Post-2015 Development

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Agenda and the proper framing and resolution of climate change issues will surely create a path toward sustainable development for developing countries, particularly in the African continent.

We further wish to express our appreciation to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for the competent, selfless, and zealous manner in which he has led our Organization.

We also pay tribute to outgoing President Sam Kutesa, who served as President of our General Assembly with dedication and strength during the past twelve months.

Mr. President, Ladies and gentlemen, We have focused on the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals for some time now, and this year we have shifted our attention to the Posb2015 Agenda, which was the focus of an important Forum that gathered world leaders this past September 25th, on the margins of the 70th Session of the General Assembly, for the purpose of approving new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to replace the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Indeed the MDGs proved to be a good catalyst to mobilize synergies and achieve progress in social development reduction of poverty, hunger, and disease; advances in maternal health; and access to drinking water. During this period, there were major geopolitical and economic shifts. We believe that the multidimensional nature of poverty and fragility has changed.

We hope that the development process in this new phase may be more inclusive, qualitative and, as the name suggests, sustainable for all, with all regions of our planet taking ownership and making commitments.

For this purpose, Africa chose, as its path toward economic and sustainable development, six pillars that are important to mention here: i. Structural economic transformation and inclusive growth; ii. Science, technology, and innovation; iii. People-centred development; iv. Sustainable environment, natural resources, and natural disaster management; v. Peace and security; vi. Finances and partnerships.

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We believe that, in erecting these pillars, Africa will take significant and necessary steps to guide the continent toward fulfilling the legitimate aspirations of its peoples, thus ensuring ever greater integration, prosperity, and peace, under African leadership, with top priority for the dignity and identity of our sons and daughters. This will enhance the capacity for creation, innovation, and production, and direct impact on the economy and sustainable human development because it will be properly sustained!

Our country, São Tomé & Príncipe, believes in the above and urges the United Nations to adapt its programs to the specific realities of the African continent without losing sight of its accomplishments with the achievement of some of the eight Millennium Development Goals by some countries.

Mr. President, Ladies and gentlemen, Unfortunately we continue to see persistent hotbeds of tension as well as the emergence of new ones with humanitarian repercussions of alarming proportions throughout the world.

In Mali and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the efforts undertaken by regional organizations, the African Union, and the United Nations have introduced some stability to the conflict zones. These efforts must continue to be coordinated and channelled in order to consolidate and reinforce the achievements.

The perennial issue of the Western Sahara remains in the international scenario and, as such, requires greater engagement from all of us in searching for a permanent solution for this negotiation process, which has dragged on and has become, for some time, stagnated. However, to its merit, armed conflict has not resumed! We appeal to the parties involved to return to the negotiations and find a mutually acceptable political solution.

We are heartened by the recent resolution of the political situation in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, where a serious political crisis has been overcome without recourse to violence and in strict accordance with the Rule of Law, which bears clear testimony of the democratic maturity that our brothers and sisters have achieved.

As terrorism continues to be a central issue in current international politics and in light of renewed acts of terrorism throughout the world, it seems to us that the International

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Community must act in a coordinated manner. Only then will we be able to fight this global scourge.

In this regard, we wish to clearly and strongly condemn the repeated and hideous crimes that the Boko Haram group has been perpetrating in our neighbour and sisterly nation of Nigeria. In our opinion, nothing can justify the atrocities that Boko Haram terrorists have committed, and we wish to take this opportunity in this privileged forum to reiterate our unequivocal condemnation of such practices, which are unacceptable in every way.

To our Nigerian brothers and sisters, we wish to express the unwavering support and heartfelt solidarity of all Santomeans, as well as our wish that you may be able to eradicate this evil that unfortunately continues to exist and all the consequences that we all know.

In the Middle East, we unfortunately continue to observe bloody conflicts and the loss of human lives with the ongoing hostility between Israel and Palestine. Therefore we again appeal for a peaceful and negotiated solution that upholds both the Palestinian people's right to self-determination and the State of Israel's right to exist, in accordance with the pertinent United Nations Resolutions.

Two free and sovereign states living side by side in peace and reciprocal and full cooperation for development.

Similarly, we cannot fair to comment on the persistence of the domestic conflict in Syria and its disastrous consequences. We again appeal to the International Community to make all efforts to achieve a cessation of hostilities, thus opening the way for a frank dialogue toward a political solution for the reestablishment of a lasting peace.

Nevertheless, the prevailing situation affords us an opportunity for deeper reflection, in light of the migrant crisis that has the Mediterranean as the main access point to Europe. Indeed, the waves of people of all ages that are reaching Europe from war zones are not migrants. They are refugees! They are not evading poverty nor hunger. They are literally running away from death!

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When a mother places a young child in a precarious boat for a difficult journey across a rough sea, with criminals at the helm, she does so because she considers this to be safer than the terra firma that is left behind.

Therefore, we must seriously reflect on this episode and the lessons that it teaches us regarding the signs of these new times, and draw our conclusions. We must refrain from promoting/exporting democracy in an exogenous and meddling manner or, worse still, through aggression and/or violence.

Mr. President, Ladies and gentlemen, We believe that you will agree with us when we affirm that global security is vital to ensure sustainable development for our countries, and that it should begin at the regional and local level.

Located in the Gulf of Guinea, where we have seen a fresh outbreak of acts of maritime piracy, terrorism, drug trafficking, oil heists, and other transnational organized crimes, São Tomé & Príncipe understands that the International Community must combine its efforts to put a stop to such acts. Therefore, please allow us to list the various existing partnerships, both bilateral and multilateral, as well as the cooperation among ECCAS, ECOWAS, and GGC in implementing the recommendations of the Yaoundé Summit, which have allowed for significant progress in the relentless fight against this type of criminal organizations in our region.

With respect to the World Climate Summit that will take place this year in Paris, São Tomé & Príncipe believes that it is imperative that we reach a Global Agreement on Climate Change, as our country is already being affected by its nefarious effects, even though we are not an active polluter. Our vulnerabilities include, for example, the reduction in rainfall and, as a consequence, the dimished flows of our rivers, as well as floods and the gradual erosion of our coasts. These are warning signs that are already causing concerns with respect to our country's climate problems, which we have been combating by stopping deforestation and protecting our coastal areas.

Therefore, we welcome Germany and France's determination to make all efforts necessary to reach a climate agreement that is ambitious, broad, and binding on all parties, in

251 accordance with the general rules of International Law, with the ultimate objective of limiting the increase of global temperature to at most two degrees Celsius (2 °C), as compared to pre-industrial levels, which constitutes, in our opinion, a responsibility that is shared among developing countries and developed countries.

We hope that this agreement, once it is reached, will enhance the international obligation of all signatory parties to make funds available for the continued scientific monitoring of climate issues and the transfer of technology to developing countries as a way of improving actions toward the achievement of the convention's goals.

Excellencies, In December of 2014, São Tomé & Príncipe effusively welcomed the announcement regarding the reestablishment of relations between the United States of America and Cuba, and joined the world in jubilation over the recent opening of diplomatic missions in both capitals, which thus resumed full diplomatic relations. As we did then, we would like to express our wish that both countries continue to strengthen their relationship on the path of economic, social, and cultural progress for the benefit of both their peoples and humanity in general.

To this end, one issue remains pending- the trade embargo imposed against Cuba. It made no sense in the past, and it makes no sense now! For this reason, São Tomé & Príncipe persists in appealing for the lifting of this embargo, which would be a signal of a relationship without handicaps and would allow both countries to take a fair and equitable advantage of trade relations between them and on equal footing with the other countries of the world.

In conclusion, we could not fain to acknowledge and welcome the political progress that has been achieved by both sides of the Taiwan Strait, with a clear reduction of tensions, ever greater openness, and broad trade exchanges.

In addition, given the multiple potentials that Taiwan offers, we believe that it would be recommendable for Taiwan to participate in the United Nations specialized agencies, as they already do in the WHO.

Mr. President,

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Ladies and gentlemen, Finally, we reiterate our country's availability and continued participation in the effort to mobilize wills and synergies for the materialization of the fundamental principles and noble objectives that guided the establishment of the United Nations.

Thank you very much for your attention.

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SENEGAL

Macky Sall, Presidente de la República de Senegal

Chers Collègues, Mesdames, Messieurs les Chefs de délégations, Monsieur le Secrétaire General, Mesdames et Messieurs,

Monsieur le Président, le Sénégal, par ma voix, vous adresse ses chaleureuses félicitations et ses meilleurs dans la conduite des travaux de notre Session.

Soixante dix ans après la création de notre Organisation, nous revenons sur les pas des pères fondateurs, pour renouveler notre foi collective dans les idéaux de paix, de sécurité,

fléau de la guerre, de créer les conditions nécessaires au maintien de la justice, de favoriser

Soixante dix ans après, cette mission est devenue plus pesante, et notre monde plus complexe.

développement et sécurité humaine, reste menacée par la pauvreté extrême, la faim, la égal souhaite que le Sommet de Paris sur le climat soit couronné de succès, par des engagements contraignants pour contenir le réchauffement climatique, mobiliser des ressources financières adéquates et des transferts de technologies écologiquement rationnelles.

254 violent. Des êtres humains sont ciblés, rejetés et violentés, du seul fait de la couleur de leur peau, de leur croyance ou de leur appartenance sociale. Des travailleurs migrants sont buent, à la sueur de

oit des personnes forcées de quitter leurs pays pour sauver leur vie.

est toujours à notre portée. Mais nous la réaliserons en acceptant que le monde est pluriel ;

Au fil des ans, 142 pays ont rejoint, dans cette même enceinte, les 51 membres fondateurs de

Par la richesse de leur apport et la diversité de leurs besoins, les Etats membres confèrent

la Charte, nous ne pouvons plus faire les choses comme avant.

prix que notre nos efforts vers nos fins communes.

nouvelles réalités que nous représentons tous ici. Le Sénégal, candidat cette année à un poste de membre non permanent du Conseil, réaffirme son attachement à la position

Il y a du sens à réformer la gouvernance économique et financière mondiale, par une au crédit, pour mettre fin au « paradoxe des ressources disponibles, mais non accessibles ».

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Il y a du sens à établir, en même temps que la transparence dans les industries extractives, des codes et contrats miniers plus justes et plus équitables, qui rémunèrent et protègent

Il y a du sens à lutter de manière plus vigoureuse contre les flux financiers illicites, qui font

e ses ressources, et si elle recouvrait seulement totalité de sa dette et financer, par elle-même, ses besoins de développement.

Monsieur le Président, En tant -région est constante dans ses progrès : la démocratique se consolide.

Nous sommes tout aussi déterminés à poursuivre nos efforts de paix et de stabilité.

oriale du pays, à une transition réussie au Burkina Faso et à la stabilité institutionnelle de la Guinée Bissau.

De même, la CEDEAO est solidaire de la République du Nigeria et des autres pays engagés dans la lutte contre les terroristes de Boko Haram.

résistance de la maladie à virus Ebola dans les trois pays affectés.

Sénégal engagera, au cours de la présente session, les consultations pour tirer les leçons de cette crise sanitaire.

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Monsieur le Président, et durable du conflit israélo palestinien, selon la vision promise de deux Etats alement reconnues.

Partout dans le monde, la paix est notre bien commun. Elle forme, avec la démocratie, les

Sénégal assure la Présidence en exercice.

Son attachement à ces idéaux fait du Sénégal le 7ème des 128 pays contributeurs de troupes, avec plus de 3.600 éléments déployés dans 8 missions.

compatriote, feu le capitaine Mbaye Diagne, pour honorer les hommes et femmes qui, au

fréquentes missions de sauvetage sur le terrain.

fiers que sa mémoire soit ainsi honorée.

« Nit, nit ay garabam » (l pour exalter le sens de la solidarité et de la fraternité humaine.

meilleur, un monde de paix, plus juste et plus accueillant pour tous. Je vous remercie de votre aimable attention.

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SEYCHELLES

James Alix Michel, Presidente de la República de Seychelles

Mr. President of the 70th Session of the United Nations General Assembly, Mr. Secretary-General of the United Nations Organisation, Distinguished Heads of State and Government, Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

We the peoples of the United Nations determined..." Bold and visionary words drafted 70 years ago, providing the United Nations with its sense of purpose. And the world with a vision that continues to inspire and motivate us.

I have always believed in this vision. We all do, in fact. Yet - in spite of all the good intentions and the inspiration we continue to draw from the Charter - something seems to be sorely lacking.

Determination! And President Lykketoft's urging for °'a new commitment to action" more than confirms this.

His experience affords him the privilege of speaking his mind. So does mine!

Look around us. What do we see? A world lacking in determination. A world torn apart by vicious wars and conflicts. A world where poverty, hunger, famine and epidemics continue to grow unabated. Where inequality, injustice and disparity are on the rise. A world where environmental degradation and despoliation go unchecked. A world - our world - menaced by climate change.

Is this the legacy we want to leave to our children?

No, my friends. It cannot be so. We must hear the cries of the children who are hungry, who are in distress. We must hear the cries of despair of islanders affected by the effects of

258 climate change. We must feel the pain of women struggling to keep their children alive. We must stop spending money to destroy lives. Instead we must act together not only to keep alive those struggling to survive, but to give meaning to their lives. We have therefore a duty and an obligation to change the world we live in. To make it a better place. For the present generation and for future generations.

We can make it happen if we set our minds to it. If we - who are in a privileged position to lead our peoples - accept our responsibilities. If we cast aside indecisiveness. If we look beyond the narrow pursuit of ideological and national interests.

We can make it happen if we adopt - not half-heartedly but resolutely so - the principles of justice and fairness.

Let's start with the United Nations itself. Its lofty ideals are as relevant today as when it was founded. However, its structures of governance - in particular, the Security Council - are not. In today's world, it represents a fundamentally undemocratic and unrepresentative institution.

The same is applicable to the international organisations set up in the wake of the creation of the United Nations, We have to make them relevant to the realities of the present era.

We need action, determination and commitment to set things right and to make them all relevant to the century we live in. And to give true meaning to an all-inclusive and participatory democracy.

We also need resolute action for the spirit and essence of sustainable development to be truly embraced globally. Many challenges still remain. Especially for Small Island Developing States (SIDS). We are the sentinels of nature and the guardians of our oceans. But the actions or inaction - as the case may be - of others threaten our livelihood and very existence.

As Pope Francis has just highlighted, we must break the present growth model and give primacy to the protection of nature over consumerism, thereby minimising the effects of climate change.

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Climate change is not of the making of SIDS, yet we bear the full brunt of it. That is why we shall never cease to raise the issue in every forum, including this one. Because we are the conscience of the world.

Mr. President, You have set the tone for a new commitment to action and - I daresay - to determination in your acceptance speech. The two are indivisible. They form the appropriate backdrop to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

The 2030 Agenda sets realistic goals, targets and a timeframe for the creation of a better world, leaving no one behind. It is fin all-inclusive agenda which makes it abundantly clear that there can be no sustainable development without peace and no peace without sustainable development".

Sustainability has always been and will continue to be at the heart of the development efforts of Seychelles. Together with our fellow SIDS we have been actively engaged in this discourse to ensure that our concerns and needs are adequately addressed.

The engagement of the United Nations under the bold leadership of the Secretary General has given us a ray of hope.

We have again seen many commitments and pledges. But will those alone resolve our challenges? No, they will not, unless they are translated into concrete actions.

The application, or rather the non-application, of the principle of special and differential treatment of Small Island Developing States is one of our major preoccupations. It is not because some of us have achieved upper middle income or high-income status that our development efforts are thwarted through the non-provision of international funds at concessionary rates.

one size fits all" approach to development cannot be the order of the day. It is unjust and morally inacceptable. We, the inhabitants of Small Island Developing States shall constantly remind you of this.

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Because islands remain the moral compass of the world. Because our own agenda is inextricably linked to humanity's. And we shall always insist on the need for a more tailored approach in the tackling of the specific challenges that we face. One which takes into account our vulnerabilities. The lack of an appropriate vulnerability index that can be applied affectively to development, hampers the effective empowerment of all UN members.

Mr. President, Goal 14 of the 2030 Agenda is of particular importance to all SIDS and coastal states. It presents us with the unique opportunity to set a standard for global governance of the oceans and the seas. The goal of conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development," provides the thrust for the Blue Economy. This concept has been adopted by many Small Island Developing States as a mechanism to realise sustainable growth, based around an ocean economy and ocean governance.

The Barbados Programme of Action, the Mauritius strategy and the SAMOA Pathway are the key to this. For oceanic nations the sea is our lifeblood and the Blue Economy is the catalyst upon which we learn to thrive.

But we cannot thrive in an environment of insecurity. Maritime security is of the utmost importance to the vast majority of SIDS and to coastal states. In our part of the world, though piracy is on the wane, we must remain vigilant. However, as we have demonstrated in the case of piracy, global alliances have made a difference in providing security when there was none. In this regard, I would like to express my gratitude to the United Nations and other international partners for all the support in our fight against piracy in the Indian Ocean.

My hope is that this model is replicated to tackle other issues of similar ilk that are threatening our collective resolve to build lasting peace. The likes of terrorist organisations pose threats with lasting repercussions reverberating across borders.

The growing refugee crisis reminds us that we should all shoulder the burden of fighting the ideologies of hate and embrace bonds of fraternity and solidarity.

Mr. President,

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Looking to Paris let us use the little time that is left to build further momentum and support in order to reach an ambitious and universal agreement to combat climate change. Paris is not just another international negotiation. It will be the crucial and decisive moment of choice for all of US.

We cannot allow ourselves to be condemned to the wrong side of history by our collective, failure to reach an agreement. The stakes are too high. An agreement is within our reach provided we are able to summon collective political will and leadership. The time is now.

We can make it happen. We must make it happen. We must fulfil promises and commitments made, especially in terms of financing options to build climate resilience. In this regard, we call on all developed countries to fulfil their commitments for the mobilisation of $100 billion annually, by 2020, for the operationalisation of the Green Climate Fund.

Mr. President, Mr. Secretary-General, Fellow Heads of State and Government, Ladies and Gentlemen, Seychelles as one of the smallest members of the United Nations family will continue to play an active role in the United Nations efforts to create a just and safer world.

The commemoration of the 70th anniversary of the United Nations is a unique opportunity to transform the world by our own efforts and commitments, and to ensure that collective cooperation and partnership triumph over rivalry and mistrust. In this spirit we salute the rapprochement between the United States of America and Cuba. This is the unique opportunity to choose the future we want for ourselves, for our youth for our children. We must give them a better deal. They deserve a better deal.

Let us truly become what we are destined to be: committed, determined, united and empowered nations forging our future together. Yes, together!

Thank you.

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SIERRA LEONA

Ernest Bai Koroma, Presidente de la República de Sierra Leona

Mr. President, Colleague Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Delegates,

I congratulate you most warmly, Mr. President, on your election to conduct the affairs of this Assembly during this historic 70th Session. I assure you of my personal support as well as that of Sierra Leone during your tenure.

Let me also convey my sincere appreciation to your predecessor, His Excellency Hon. Sam Kutesa of the Republic of Uganda, for the effective manner in which he conducted the previous Session.

I profoundly commend the Secretary-General, His Excellency Mr. Ban Ki-moon, for his constructive leadership of this Organization. Sierra Leone will continue to support the progressive implementation of his laudable Action Agenda. We welcome his synthesis Report call to action to transform our world beyond 2015".

Mr. President, Seventy years ago, we committed ourselves ...to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom." Today, this is still our task and common goal, and the very foundation upon which our shared and common values are firmly embedded and should therefore be respected.

It is in the pursuit of this task and shared values that, fifteen years ago, the Millennium Declaration articulated a bold vision to eradicate extreme poverty, promote gender equality, and ensure that children everywhere receive basic education.

Together, we have achieved a lot - getting millions out of poverty, getting millions into schools, and breaking many barriers to the empowerment of women. But our achievements

263 are works in progress; our organization is a work in progress. Many challenges remain. Many actions need to be taken in the offices of our organization; many actions must also be taken in the fields, where the citizens of the world live their lives. The two are interlinked, without changes within the structures of our global organization our actions in the fields will be hindered by lack of ownership, lack of inclusion, and lack of irreversible successes.

This is why we commend you for the choice and relevance of the theme of this Session: The United Nations at 70 - A New Commitment to Action".

We have put forward negotiating positions for reforms of our organization, we have drawn up plans for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals and we have adopted the Financing for Development Framework in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in July this year. What is left now is action on all of these fronts; action to reform our organization, commencing action in fields where there is as yet no action; taking action to overcome challenges, and continuing action to sustain, deepen and expand our achievements.

The unfinished business of the Millennium Development Goals and its accompanying challenges are critical to the work that lies ahead. We have learned lessons that are invaluable, made progress that is undeniable; but the challenges we still face are the equivalence of millions not going to school, millions not having healthcare; millions of women oppressed, and millions of people having their rights and lives trampled in the war zones and refugee routes of the world. The challenges have the urgency of a life and death situation for millions.

What we see all over the world - in the refugee crises, in the fight against poverty, in the fight against trans-national organized crime, terrorism, proliferation of small arms and light weapons, piracy, violence against women; what we see in our actions for human rights, and in the efforts for expanding access to health and education; what we see in all these are struggles for inclusion in the better achievements of humanity - achievements of security, safety, peace, education, health, development. Where there is exclusion, people seek inclusion. The poor seek inclusion in a fairer world, the refugee seeks inclusion in a safer world, and we believe the SDG is about building a fairer, safer and better world for those excluded from the great achievements of humanity.

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Mr. President, Malting our global organization more democratic, more participatory and fairer is part of the struggle for inclusion the world over; it is a prerequisite for achieving our universal aspirations under the Post 2015 Development Agenda.

As the Coordinator of the African Union Committee of Ten Heads of State on UN Security Council Reform, I take this opportunity to once more emphasize the need for urgent reform of the Council and once again re-echo Africa's concern over the continuous failure of this body to adopt measures that will lead to a comprehensive reform of the Security Council.

I wish to call attention to the regrettable status quo that undermines the principles of equity, legitimacy, accountability and transparency. It also undermines the effectiveness of the Security Council in its pursuit of international peace and security. The need to address the non-representation of Africa in the Permanent category and the under-representation in the Non-permanent category is long overdue and therefore now imperative. Africa's demand for two Permanent seats and two additional Non-permanent seats as articulated in the Ezulwini Consensus and Sirte Declaration is just and provides a framework for a fairer and more inclusive United Nations.

I welcome the recent decision by the General Assembly to further the intergovernmental negotiation process and do hope for a meaningful furtherance of consensus building mechanism during the course of this 70th Session.

Mr. President, Sierra Leone is very committed to promoting inclusion in governance, inclusion in development, and supporting peace around the world. And we shall continue to support initiatives for the sustenance and expansion of democracy, peace and security in Africa in particular, and in the world at large.

The contribution of Sierra Leone to the United Nations peacekeeping efforts demonstrates our strong commitment to global peace and stability. We acknowledge the Report of the High-Level Independent Review Panel on Peacekeeping Operations in all its aspects. And we stand ready to explore further means to increase our contribution to global peacekeeping to enhance the success of UN peacekeeping operations.

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I take this opportunity to pay a special tribute to the men and women in uniform, as well as civilian staff who continue to pay the ultimate sacrifice to serve humanity in complex and dangerous environments around the world. We totally condemn attacks against United Nations peacekeepers, and we call for action against the perpetrators of these cowardly acts.

The Report of the Advisory Group of Experts on the Review of the Peace-building Architecture and its recommendations is a useful document that informs lessons learned, best practices, and challenges going forward with preventing and relapse into violent conflict. We look forward to a constructive engagement during the intergovernmental process within the context of Sierra Leone being one of the case studies and a store-house of lessons learned.

We applaud our collective establishment of the Residual Special Court for Sierra Leone (RSCSL) to carry out the continuing legal obligations of the original Special Court. Given the profile of persons convicted by the Court, currently serving prison sentences under the supervision of the Residual Court; it is in the interest of international peace and security as well as ensuring justice that we sustain support to the effective operations of the Residual Court to enable it to fully deliver on its mandate.

Mr. President, From terrorism to climate change, disease, and refugees, no country is immune from the challenges facing the world at large. Some countries may be able to stave off some of these problems from their shores. However, our globalized world has increased the routes through which these challenges move from country to country, from one region to another, from one group of people to another. That is why we cannot say a particular problem is only a problem for this country or that region. Poorer countries suffer disproportionately from particular problems, but without support from the world to solve them, the problems evolve to haunt other regions, other countries, and other groups. This is the wisdom that we need to integrate into decision making in every country, every region and every global organization.

This is the wisdom we need to integrate into our decisions about climate change. Changes in the weather patterns in the Pacific and ocean currents in the North Atlantic are unleashing devastating floods all over. A week and half ago, we witnessed floods hitherto

266 unseen in Sierra Leone, leading to devastation in many parts of our capital Freetown. Storms rage in the Cape Verde Islands, floods ravaged other parts of West Africa. We believe in our experts' attribution of these disasters to man-made climate change. We call for action not only to lower emissions of greenhouse gases implicated in these changes, but also action to shore up capacities to deal with the effects of climate change. No country, I reiterate, is immune from the physical, social, health, insecurity and other consequences of climate change. We need to integrate this insight into our decisions about other urgent matters - youth unemployment, insecurity, extreme hunger, violence against women, transnational organized crime and piracy. Letting them out of control in vulnerable nations today increases the vulnerability of all nations.

Africa has made tremendous efforts to strengthen the continent's capacity for preventing and resolving conflicts. Countries in the global South have also been at the forefront of finding solutions and providing reliefs from the miseries of the world. They host more refugees than other lands; they contribute more personnel to peacekeeping missions. What is imperative is global solidarity in building capacity in our regions to better handle these challenges. Without this solidarity, the challenges would jump borders; evade immigration controls, jump over walls. This is why we need cooperative and coordinated partnerships to strengthen capacities to respond to these challenges. Our voice as fragile and conflict affected states under the g7+ is a call for country ownership and country-led implementation of the SDGs.

Mr. President, Since 2012, Sierra Leone proactively tailored its development framework to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Our vision for socio-economic development as contained in my government's Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) III, and articulated in the Agenda for Prosperity" (A4P), was launched in July 2013 as Sierra Leone's roadmap to the Post-2015 Development Agenda. The Agenda for Prosperity aims to build a sustainable future for all Sierra Leoneans. It demonstrates our firm commitment towards putting Sierra Leone on the path to resilience and sustainability.

We have to that end, recorded significant progress in strengthening political and economic governance, including improvement in social indicators. My government has continued to place emphasis on the protection of the basic rights of the people of Sierra Leone. We have put in place comprehensive reforms in the justice sector in response to both national and

267 global demands to ensure that the rights of citizens are preserved and that access to justice is accorded to all. The Human Rights Commission of Sierra Leone closely collaborates with the Government in building an entrenched culture of human rights and in ensuring that the Government ratifies several outstanding international treaties and protocols as well as fulfilling its varied reporting obligations.

We have undertaken specific reform measures to improve the national investment climate. My Government is keen on delivering results on several priority areas including infrastructural development, commercialized agriculture, improved access to education and health care services, youth empowerment and employment, women's empowerment, effective and efficient public service delivery and the social as well as political integration of persons with disabilities.

Mr. President, At a time when Sierra Leone was being commended for its remarkable progress in peace stability and steady economic growth we were hit by the unprecedented Ebola Virus outbreak. The Ebola Virus disease outbreak has taken a heavy toll on the entire socio- economic fabric of Sierra Leone. But with support from our international friends, we fought back. Today, we have almost defeated the evil virus - only one case of Ebola was recorded in the country for the whole of August. And we have recorded zero number of cases for several days in September. Whilst we are making progress to end the epidemic, I commend the United Nations Agencies and the international community for their support and commitment to end the epidemic as well as support for the Post-Ebola Recovery Plan.

I particularly commend the Secretary General for mobilizing, for the very first time, a coordinated and integrated UN system intervention to support countries affected by the outbreak of the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in our region. In addition to the containment of the epidemic, the intervention by the UN and our partners has resulted in enhancing our preparedness to respond to similar outbreaks in the future. This is a useful model that can be applied to contain and tackle pandemics wherever they may surface.

In order to guarantee a lasting recovery, my Government in collaboration with our sister Republics of Guinea and Liberia, have also formulated a sub-regional post-Ebola socioeconomic recovery plan to ensure that the three most Ebola affected countries return to the path of stability and prosperity.

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The Sierra Leone national recovery plan is based on two main pillars. The first pillar addresses immediate recovery activities that would help in getting to and maintaining zero infections. The second pillar focuses on building national systems of resilience and sustainability that include a viable health system and the establishment of integrated national security and disaster risk management system.

With a considerable measure of satisfaction, I must state that the commitment demonstrated by the international community in supporting the Ebola recovery plans has been very encouraging. On behalf of the Government and people of Sierra Leone, allow me Mr. President, to once again applaud our development partners for their unflinching commitment to supporting Sierra Leone's development aspirations. Sierra Leone is poised and ready to continue working with the international community to regain its pre-Ebola development trajectory. We look forward to strengthening partnerships for effective implementation of our Post-Ebola Recovery Plans, both national and sub-regional.

Mr. President, In conclusion, as our noble organization celebrates its 70th anniversary this year, it is important to reflect on its Charter, which reaffirms the faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large or small".

With the commitment of leaving no one behind, it is essential that we objectively follow a pragmatic approach, with renewed vigour and commitment, to provide for our people a future that would guarantee justice, sustainable peace and security, strengthened accountable and democratic governance, employment opportunities, the transparent and equitable distribution of wealth, a safe and sustainable environment, improved health and relevant education. It is also important that conflicts are resolved around the world, if the Sustainable Development Goals are to be achieved, as there can be no development without peace.

Together, with a firmer resolve, let us rise to this challenge and act towards a fairer, safer and better world.

I thank you for your attention.

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SOMALIA

Omar A. A. Shamarke, Primer Ministro de la República Federal de Somalia

Mr. President Mr. Secretary-General of the United Nations Honourable Delegates, Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

Let me first congratulate Mr. Lykketoft on your election as the President of the 70th Session of the UN General Assembly.

I will also like to extend our appreciation to the outgoing President of the 69th Session of the General Assembly, Mr. Sam Kutesa for his stewardship this past year.

It is an honour and a privilege to address this august gathering today.

On behalf of the people and government of the Federal Republic of Somalia, I extend a warm congratulation on the 70th anniversary of the foundation of the United Nations.

For security and ensuring the advancement of Human Rights have indeed become unifying pillars of our global community.

Somalia was one of the earliest African members of the United Nations, and has been a member more than fifty-five years. We have watched the United Nations growth; matured under its tutelage and have now climbed back from a difficult phase in our recent history thankful for the support and backing from the members of this organization.

Twenty- current phenomenon that has swept through much of the Arab world in the last few years.

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We have seen what can happen if the political demands addressed. And we have learned from those lessons much too clearly through two challenging decades.

That is why it pains us dearly to see fellow Arab and Muslim countries go through a very similar road. But it must be mentioned that through perseverance and togetherness, Somalia is an example of what can be accomplished in such times.

We are a nation that intimately understands those famous words by the American President fore war puts an end to

government. Indeed a New Somalia is taking shape and we intend to continue our climb from the dark.

Mr. President, Honourable Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen; I want to tell you about Somalia. But a different Somalia from the one you might have heard of.

I am not here to challenge you on our notoriety as a result of a conflict that has spanned two and half decades. However, please allow me to introduce another reality.

Somalia is home to a proud and industrious people. Despite adversity, we have become world-leading sportsmen, economists, authors, poets, musicians, entrepreneurs and innovators.

Even without a government, our businesses kept functioning. We remain a major player in the regional livestock trade and have one of the most innovative telecoms sectors in Africa. My people are ambitious. And generous; during the famine, we gave more than all aid agencies combined.

We have built banking systems based on social capital and trust; invaluable networks that have attracted a range of investors. We are survivors and, given the chance, we can drive

271 forward the socioeconomic landscape of East Africa. Imagine the potential: we have one of the longest shorelines in the world which hosts untapped oil and gas reserves.

We are actively rebuilding our country to realise this potential. We must be humble; progress is slow, but look at where we have come from; the civil war destroyed our infrastructure, institutions, and took away some of our brightest minds. But now they are coming back and, together, we are moving forward. We have defeated piracy, are embracing decentralization and, most importantly, we are learning lessons from our past.

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen; You have been together with us during this remarkable journey. And we thank you.

My Government has a vision: to rebuild state institutions. Considerable progress has been made towards Vision 2016: three new interim regional states have already been formed, we are consulting our people on how best to hold a free, democratic election and we have established constitutionally mandated commissions to ensure accountability.

Allow me to elaborate on a few critical issues.

First, we must ensure a free and fair election. For this to be successful, we must agree - with our constituents - on a fair and transparent voting system and how that can be cascaded to each region. Only through inclusion will we draw public support. Let me president lost an election and gracefully transferred power. This history must define our future.

We must also prioritise our national security forces. There is still an active insurgency, which we are risking our lives to dismantle for our own safety, and for the security of our neighbours. Last year together with African Union forces - we liberated all major regions from Al-Shabaab. But our soldiers are underpaid, underfed and under-equipped, and yet they are expected to put their lives on the line for their country. This is unacceptable. We must invest in professionalizing our security and police forces. Peacekeeping missions work best when there are clear objectives and timelines to both restore stability and build the capacity of national security forces.

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I would like you to join me in paying tribute to all those who have helped liberate us from violence. Many of whom have paid the ultimate sacrifice.

Our women mothers, daughters, sisters also deserve limitless praise for enduring the worst of our brutal conflict. The survival instinct of the Somali people is most evident in women: raising families whilst their homes are being bombed, walking miles without water in search of safety and burying their children whilst continuing to work to feed the rest of their family. We know what war can do. And that is why I will ensure as a father and a husband that we will defeat terrorism. It is our duty, as a Government.

Another issue of high importance is Somali refugees and undocumented migrants still living in temporary camps, some for more than two and a half decades. We thank countries in the region for helping and hosting our people, but recognize that many continue to live in perpetual crisis, without any hope of resettlement, residency or citizenship. This is unacceptable. We urge our friends in this Assembly to work with us in finding durable solutions. This transition will not be easy, but millions of lives depend on it.

Ultimately, we must enable the rebuilding of state institutions and infrastructure.

Effective and transparent state institutions are a prerequisite for providing services. Public services that many people around the world take for granted, Somalia lacks completely, or has in very short supply. For the past two and half decades, public services including public schools, water and power have shifted and are run by private companies.

It is critical that all Somalis feel they have a stake and a real role in government. Residents of Somalia have the right to demand services from us. If we fail to provide such services, we risk falling short of our expectations.

will focus on rebuilding social and physical infrastructure: roads, schools, hospitals, community centers, ports, airports, and markets; all of which are essential for reviving the State and the economy. The plan, aligned to the new Sustainable Development Goals, will ensure a reduction in duplication of effort and empower Somalis to keep building their own future.

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The bulk of our population is under the age of 30. They are the future of our nation. It is for them that peace will pay its ultimate dividend. We must find a place for them in leadership; and we must create jobs and opportunities for them. They need the kind of opportunities and challenges that drive all young people around the world to succeed. We need to provide incentives for them to have a choice and move away from extremism. This Grand Development Plan for Somalia, our youth to invest in their own future.

Billions of taxpayer money has been pumped into Somalia and we have had some successes but not enough. NGOs have become a local business; some are effective, others investment. We need to build quality schools, fill them with quality educators, pave roads, build markets, and rejuvenate agricultural production to make us, once again, to t

Grand Development Plan for Somalia will ensure accountability and transparency for every investment made. Each UN Member State will have the opportunity to evolve Somalia into an economic powerhouse and fut shared with all of you in due course.

Mr. President, Honourable Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen; We are grateful to you for supporting us over the last two and half decades. Thank you for welcoming our people as your own; for turning a relatively small nomadic tribe from the Horn of Africa into a global workforce. And for the amount of time and resources that has been invested we are humbled by your generosity. We will make your efforts work for our people. But we also need your continued support.

Only four years ago, radical insurgents controlled our country. They oppressed and threatened the lives of our people. But today, children are returning to Mogadishu beaches, women sit on dunes selling home-baked bananas and the sound of bullets has been replaced by the noise of construction.

Look how far we have come. And imagine what we can do in another four years.

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We are looking forward to not only bounce back for our benefit, but to also become that shining example to nations that are now in the throws of hardship, nations that are working hard to move from third world to first, and to nations that find it hard to navigate the difficult but worthwhile road of recovery.

We are ready to play our part, so that we may give back and contribute toward their success and the fulfilment of their rightful destiny and to take our place among the contributing nations of our Global village

Mr. President, Honourable Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen; Somalia has failed my generation. And I will dedicate my life to ensuring it does not fail the next. But I cannot do this alone. Only together, can we be the Somalia the world is waiting for.

Thank you.

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SUAZILANDIA

Mswati III, Rey del Reino de Suazilandia

Mr. President, Your Excellencies, Heads of States and Government, United Nations Secretary-General, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

Mr. President, It is a great pleasure for me to attend the United Nations General Assembly to celebrate the 70th anniversary of our global organisation.

Since its establishment, it is important that we revisit the founding objectives of the United Nations to determine if we have been able to live up to their expectations.

Primarily, the UN was set up to promote peace and stability amongst mankind and develop nations socially and economically, to mention but a few.

This annual meeting gives us an opportunity to review and recommit ourselves to these objectives, as laid out by our predecessors.

Tremendous progress has been made on a number of social fronts while growth in economies and development of nations is evident.

However, this success has come with its own challenges that need to be addressed in a spirit of global cooperation in order to achieve the ultimate goal of peaceful progress and development that leaves nobody behind.

We urge the United Nations to continue to play its role in fostering a collective approach towards ensuring the successful resolve of all impediments.

Mr. President,

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The capabilities and successes of the UN are well documented. We have seen the UN play a significant role in reducing conflicts on the African continent and other parts of the world.

The role of the UN in curbing the outbreak of Ebola is appreciated. While we have not eradicated it completely, we do applaud the tremendous effort in stemming its spread.

We also commend the UN for initiatives such as the global fund that has played a significant role in the fight against HIV, AIDS, Malaria and TB.

We appeal to UN to continue helping Africa emerge from the cycle of poverty and disease as the continent seeks to attain the aspirations of her vision 2063, aimed at eradicating poverty and creating prosperity for all.

Africa has great potential for investment. What remains is creating the requisite environment for economic growth. We strongly believe that the structures of the UN can provide a peaceful global village that is free of fear and violence.

We adopted the Millennium Development Goals aimed at emancipating the human race from poverty and hunger, by creating prosperity in a safe and peaceful environment that offers acceptable basic living standards.

We are pleased to observe that our decision has yielded positive outcomes that fulfil the founding principles of the United Nations.

Mr. President, The impressive progress witnessed during the implementation of the MDGs, gives us confidence in that the new 2030 agenda of sustainable development goals will enjoy greater success.

We have good reason to anticipate a sustainable transformation of nations over the next 15 years. Our presence here should signify a renewed commitment to our resolve.

Mr. President, The Kingdom of e-Swatini is one of many nations to report significant progress in the implementation of the MDGs.

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Guiding this progress has been a people driven roadmap leading us towards our national vision 2022 that is designed to propel the Kingdom to becoming a developed state.

We are very much aware of the challenges that lie ahead along this journey, but I have full confidence in the capabilities of our people who have worked very hard over the years to place us where we are today.

Though we may not have an abundance of natural resources, we do have an innovative and educated workforce that is united in a common purpose.

With Africa opening up new trade markets and investment opportunities, the kingdom of e-Swatini has fast tracked reforms that have yielded improved ease of doing business.

Infrastructure development has also improved the direct access to the global market through the completion of our new international airport, whilst providing multiple investment opportunities in its immediate surroundings.

We believe that the airport will give rise to downstream projects that can create employment opportunities and add the required impetus to our economic growth.

Access to markets of the developed world, remains critical for Africa which is well endowed with mineral resources yet is still faced with challenges of poverty, hunger and unemployment.

The support of the UN is essential if we are to overcome the mammoth task of developing infrastructure for value addition on our natural resources.

The success of trade and investment also hinges heavily on a reliable and sustainable supply of energy.

As a result, we now have a comprehensive strategy and programme of action, which outlines the gaps that need to be addressed by all players in the energy sector. It presents viable opportunities for investment in this sector, particularly in renewable energy.

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Mr. President, As we envisage a world free of poverty, hunger, disease and want, where all life can thrive, it becomes critical to place the empowerment of our youth central to achieving this goal.

Attaining a 97% enrolment rate in primary education, is a significant milestone for our country as we seek to ensure education for all.

Sustainable education requires that this high enrolment is complemented by quality education that is further accessible at secondary, high and tertiary level.

We remain challenged in meeting this requirement and we call upon our global friends to partner with us to ensure we do not become victims of our own success.

We are recognising and rewarding outstanding educational talent through entrepreneurial development initiatives at secondary and tertiary levels.

We trust that these initiatives, amongst many others, will produce a future generation that is equipped with life skills that provide solutions to the socio-economic challenges facing many of our unemployed youth today.

The Kingdom is also developing innovation parks that will capacitate our young people with creative skills to enable them to contribute to the sustainable development of the country.

The HIV and AIDS pandemic, which has stretched health resources to the limit, remains a challenge that requires our collective effort to curb.

As a nation, we have taken a decision that we want to become one of the first African countries with a generalized epidemic to attain an AIDS-free generation in 2022, a vision that is in line with the global agenda to end aids by 2030.

Mr. President, The Kingdom of e-Swatini still largely relies on agriculture as a means to both sustain herself and to prosper.

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Programmes aimed at increasing food production, ending hunger and improving nutrition, have been developed.

A farm input subsidy programme aimed at increasing yields through the availability of tractors, seeds and fertilizer is now in place.

The country has also invested heavily in building dams to harness water and we hope friends of the Kingdom will continue to partner with us in building more of such facilities. The dams are helping many of our people to irrigate their crops.

We look to international financial institutions to support these initiatives.

We are concerned, however, that some of this support attaches stringent conditions that have the consequence of leaving the recipient countries worse off.

We therefore appeal to the United Nations organisation to address this phenomenon as it seriously undermines the objectives of the 2030 agenda.

Mr, President, We are very much aware that alone we are limited in our success.

Therefore it is important that the developed countries of the world support the growth of developing nations like ours.

We appeal to donor countries to increase their funding to smaller nations so as to raise their capacity to create jobs in order to address existing social challenges.

It is only when our communities realise better living conditions that these countries get to enjoy peace and stability that provides the requisite environment for sustainable growth,

The effects of climate change have not gone unnoticed nor left us unharmed. The 11th Sustaina urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts."

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We continue to urge our developed partners, to not only fulfil their pledge towards the green fund, but to adopt policies that strike the correct balance between requirement for production of essential products, profits and sustainability of our environment. Anything less would seriously jeopardise the ideals of the 2030 agenda.

We are looking forward to a legally binding global climate agreement at the United Nations Climate Change Conference, COP 21 in France later this year.

Mr. President, The Kingdom of e-Swatini continues to enjoy the peace and stability that all people on the globe deserve.

The secret to our success has been consultation and dialogue to build consensus which is a model of peace that has a place in the execution of UN operations.

It is apparent that military intervention in resolving conflicts has short term effect that leaves the people it is meant to serve, worse off.

Only a peaceful solution to conflict can yield sustainable conclusions to the current crises facing different parts of the world today.

This calls for us to unite and bring the warring parties to the table for dialogue. However, for this to be highly effective, there is need for the United Nations to ensure that all interventions are undertaken by a united body.

If the United Nations is divided in its mandate in dealing with the challenges that require a collective approach, it runs the risk of worsening the problems.

It is critical that when confronted with conflict situations, all the member nations of the UN, must resolve them in one voice.

The protracted war in Syria remains a huge challenge for the United Nations. The consequence of this war is the serious refugee crisis that we have today, which is affecting neighbouring countries and most recently, various European States.

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We wish to applaud all the countries that have accepted the refugees and provided them with food and shelter.

We appeal to the Syrian people to all come together to find a peaceful and lasting solution to their differences.

There is only one solution to this predicament and that is resolving the source of the conflict so that all the people of Syria are able to benefit from the peace that they deserve.

It is imperative that the objectives of the UN are met. One important principle of the UN is to rid society of all hostilities, Conflict resolution mechanisms were put in place and ours is to ensure they are affected accordingly.

Mr. President, We trust that as we proceed with the 2030 agenda we will fully adopt an all-inclusive approach.

We therefore, urge the UN to give all nations of the world an opportunity to contribute to the global community in different forms and capacities.

We appeal to the UN to consider the membership of the Republic of China on Taiwan. Like all countries, they have the potential to contribute positively to the global agenda, such as in Health and Information Technology (ICT), to mention but a few.

Mr. President, The inclusiveness espoused by the UN is one with representation in key structures of UN organs.

The African continent continues to appeal for a seat in the Security Council where our voice will be fully represented, as outlined in the Ezulwini consensus.

We trust this matter will receive the attention it deserves.

Finally, permit me once again to extend my heartiest congratulations to the entire United Nations family for the attainment of 70 years of togetherness.

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We wish to commend all UN agencies for their stern efforts in carrying out the ideals of the UN, which have benefitted mankind in many ways.

Let us renew our commitment to the objectives of our global organisation.

We have grown in numbers, which has given rise to new paradigms. We are certain that with the correct mind-set, these will be addressed accordingly.

However, it is important for us to realize that as much as our goals may be universal, we do not share the same capabilities and capacities in implementing them. I thank you - may the Almighty God bless us all.

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SUDÁFRICA

Jacob Zuma, Presidente de la República de Sudáfrica

Your Excellency, Mr. Morgens Lykketoft, President of the General Assembly; Your Excellency, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations; Your Majesties; Your Excellencies; Distinguished Delegations;

Mr President, I would like to congratulate you and your country Denmark on your election as the President of the 70th Session of the General Assembly. You have South Africa's full support for your presidency.

The theme that you h The United Nations at 70 - the road ahead for peace, security and human rights", is timely and relevant to the current global challenges facing the world today.

Further, allow me to convey our gratitude to the President of the 69th Session, Mr. Sam Kutesa of the Republic of Uganda, for the outstanding manner in which he represented Africa at the helm of the General Assembly.

Mr. President, The 70th anniversary of the United Nations marks a significant moment in the history of global governance.

The UN Charter embodied, through its principles and objectives, the aspirations of the oppressed people world-wide. We would also like to acknowledge the role of the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in the past 70 years. Rooted in the principle of sovereign equality, UNGA is the most representative international institution and organ of the United Nations.

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The General Assembly has over the years remained central to the provision of support to the disadvantaged, marginalised, occupied, colonised and oppressed peoples of the world. This august body elevated the South African struggle for liberation internationally when it declared apartheid as a crime against humanity.

Mr Oliver Reginald Tambo, the former President of our liberation movement, the African National Congress, addressed the UN General Assembly at this very podium, on the 26th of October 1976 and other UN platforms on other occasions.

Many other eminent South Africans were provided an opportunity on UN platforms to state our case for freedom - the UN providing a voice to the voiceless.

A free South Africa has been honoured as well with the declaration of the 18th of July as International Mandela Day, h0nouring our founding President and world icon, President Nelson Mandela.

On this celebration of the 70th anniversary of the United Nations, I wish to extend on behalf of the people of South Africa, our sincere gratitude to the world for your contribution to our freedom from the shackles of apartheid and institutionalised racism.

Mr. President, The UN General Assembly continues to provide a voice for the voiceless and the oppressed.

In a historic and landmark development, the UN General Assembly approved a resolution to allow the Palestinian flag to fly in front of the UN headquarters. The resolution was passed by an overwhelming margin, supported by many nations from both the developed North and the South.

There can be no peace, security and development in the Middle East without the resolution of the Palestinian question.

A solution is urgent otherwise if we delay, in the next decade, we may no longer have a piece of land to justify the two state solution.

Mr. President,

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The historic 70th anniversary of the United Nations presents an opportunity to reflect on the structure and workings of the organisation. Significantly, this year marks the 10th year anniversary of the adoption of the World Summit Outcome in 2005 which discussed the reform of the UN.

A number of significant decisions on reform have successfully been implemented since that Summit. These include the following: a) The replacement of the Human Rights Commission with a more effective Human Rights Council, b) The establishment of the Peace building Commission as a subsidiary body of both the UN General Assembly and the UN Security Council; c) The reform and streamlining of the UN management system; d) The mainstreaming of gender equality through the establishment of UN Women; and e) The membership-driven responsibility to protect norm, to assist populations facing genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and ethnic cleansing.

We welcome this notable progress.

However, almost no progress has been achieved on the commitment made by Heads of State and Government in 2005, to the early reform of the UN Security Council.

It is unacceptable and unjustifiable that more than one billion people in the African continent are still excluded as permanent members of the key decision making structure of the United Nations, the UN Security Council. A continent with a smaller population than Africa is represented by three countries on the UN Security Council as permanent members.

The UN cannot pretend that the world has not changed since 1945. We are no longer colonies. We are free, independent sovereign states. We welcome the fact that the push for the reform of the UN Security Council by Africa has had an impact and has also given some impetus to the Inter-governmental Negotiations process which has been looking at reform. We will continue working with progressive states towards the expansion of representation.

Mr. President,

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Another critical matter that needs attention is the selection of the UN Secretary- General, who is appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the UN Security Council. A review of this process is necessary to enable a more meaningful participation of the UN General Assembly in the process.

Mr. President You have identified human rights, governance, the rule of law and the gender aspects of the work of the UN as important areas of focus for the 70th session of the UNGA. We have to build upon the initial work undertaken in the development of the United Nations Bill of Rights in 1948 to enhance protection in areas such as racism, discrimination against women and the promotion of the rights of the child and the rights of people with disabilities.

We also believe that the UN human rights system, especially its Human Rights Council (HRC), should ensure a balance between civil and political rights as well as economic, social and cultural rights including the right to development.

The Human Rights Council must also be seen as an independent and impartial mechanism for the entrenchment of a human rights culture throughout the world.

It should avoid the pitfalls of its predecessor, the Commission on Human Rights, which was beset by politicisation and was caught up in the divide between developed and developing countries.

This year also marks 50 years since the adoption of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.

The year 2015 also marks 60 years since the adoption of the Freedom Charter in South Africa, which embodies the fundamental principles and values enshrined in our Constitution.

South Africa will continue to champion efforts in the UN human rights system to combat the scourges of racism, xenophobia, racial discrimination and related intolerances and to support work aimed at the promotion of substantive global equality.

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Mr. President, The 70th General Debate takes place in the context of growing international concern about the rise of violent extremism, terrorism and untold brutality which we strongly condemn.

We welcome the meetings that will take place on the margins of the UNGA, to review progress made in countering terrorism in the Middle East and North Africa.

We wish to emphasise that the UN Security Council must take into account the views of the African Continent and its sub-regional organisations when dealing with conflicts in Africa in future.

The current situation in Libya and the Sahel region is a direct consequence of some members of the UN Security Council not heeding informed counsel from the African Union.

The norm of Responsibility to Protect was abused for narrow political interests that had nothing to do with the fundamental aspects of the prevention of mass atrocities.

The current refugee crisis in Europe is sadly the direct result of the militarisation of civilian unrest which included the massive arming of civilians and opposition groupings in Libya and Syria and other affected countries.

It is therefore, critical that the discussions of violent extremism and terrorism in parts of Africa and the Middle East, look into the root causes of the problem and not just the symptoms.

Also requiring serious reflection is the regime change doctrine and its role in perpetuating conflicts and instability.

Mr. President,

We welcome the recently signed Peace Agreement between the parties in South Sudan and urge the UN and all stakeholders to support the Sudanese people as they work to resolve their challenges.

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We reiterate our support of the people of Western Sahara and urge the international community to support their struggle for self-determination, freedom, human rights and dignity.

We also welcome the re-establishment of diplomatic relations between Cuba and the United States and the release of the Cuban Five. We reiterate our call for the lifting of the economic and financial embargo to help the Cuban people to gain their economic freedom.

We acknowledge the contribution of His Holiness Pope Francis to the Cuban-United States normalisation process. We also warmly welcome the contribution of the Holy Father generally to the global pursuit of peace, justice and the end of poverty and suffering, as eloquently expressed in this General Assembly and globally.

Mr. President, We commend the United Nations for the key role that this august body has played in peacekeeping and urge that resources be prioritised for this core business of the United Nations, especially in Africa.

Mr. President, Your Majesties, Your Excellencies, The failure of the Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference to reach an agreement in the year that marks 70 years since the first atomic bombs were detonated in Japan, is a major setback in our commitment to rid the world of weapons of mass destruction, and in particular nuclear weapons.

There can be no safe hands for nuclear weapons. The humanitarian consequences of a possible detonation of a nuclear weapon, whether intentionally or accidentally, will be catastrophic for humanity. We welcome the recent agreement reached on the Iranian nuclear program and the recognition the right of Iran to peaceful use of nuclear energy.

Mr. President, The 70th session of the UN General Assembly has adopted the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The outcome document represents a victory for developing world as it affirms that

289 the 2030 Agenda should build on the unfinished business of the Millennium Development Goals.

Additionally, while the 2030 agenda is universal in that the sustainable development goals adopted apply to both developed and developing countries, there is also a clear recognition of the Principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and capabilities.

The declaration also contains a specific goal on achieving gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls. This is more appropriate given that this year is the 20th anniversary of the Beijing Platform for Action and the 15th anniversary of UN resolution on women, peace and security.

Mr- President, As the initiator of the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action through which the current round of negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is taking place, South Africa has a special interest and a commitment to the success of the Paris conference later this year. We require the fulfilment of all three parts of the Durban Mandate; namely: i. the closing of the current ambition gap in the pre-2020 period through the honouring of existing legal obligations by developed countries and enhanced action, ii. the entry into force of the second commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol and, iii. the adoption of a new agreement for the post-2020 period in Paris that contains all the essential elements, including the means of implementation, loss and damage and response measures.

We seek a fair, ambitious and legally binding agreement in Paris that is applicable to all Parties. In addition, for South Africa as Chair of the G77, a Paris package that is hollow and weak on finance would not be acceptable. South Africa has submitted the country's Intended Nationally Determined Contribution to the UNFCCC secretariat ahead of the 1st of October deadline, signalling our readiness for Paris.

Mr. President, We join the world in celebrating 70 years of the United Nations!

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As we mark this historic anniversary, the reform of the UN Security Council, and the strengthening of the UN General Assembly and other organs remain paramount.

By the end of this 70th Session we should be able to adopt a roadmap that has clear and implementable timeframes on the priorities of this organisation, as well as on its reform.

We need to do this in order for the United Nations to remain a relevant a force for change in the world.

I thank you.

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SUDÁN

Ibrahim Ahmed Ghandour, Ministro de Relaciones Exteriores de la República de Sudán

Mr. President, Excellencies Heads of State and Governments, Honourable Ministers and heads of delegations, Gentlemen members of the esteemed delegations,

I would like, first, Mr President, to congratulate you on your election for the Presidency of the 70th Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations, and to express my confidence that your expertise and efficiency will guide our deliberations on the right path to the goals we all aspire to reach. I would like also to express my thanks and appreciation to your predecessor, the President of the previous session of the General Assembly, for the wisdom and patience he exhibited in steering our deliberations. I am also obliged to extend my thanks and appreciation to he the Secretary-General, Mr Ban Ki-moon, and his aides, for the commendable efforts they made during the previous session, towards establishing the values of peace and advancing the development goals.

Mr. President, On behalf of the Government and people of the Sudan, I convey to you the greetings of His Excellency, the President of the Republic, Mr Omar Hassan Ahmed al-Bashir, while reiterating our intention to positively contribute to the success of this important session of the General Assembly, which coincides with celebrating the 70th anniversary of the United Nations, and to its general debate, which The United Nations at 70: The road ahead for peace, security and human rights".

There is no doubt that the agenda for our debate this year reflects the concerns of millions of people around the world and their aspirations for a better tomorrow and a brighter future, begging with surmounting crises caused by conflicts and hostilities in many hot spots around the world, and ending with the achievement of the Millennium Development

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Goals. For all those reasons, humanity in its entirety is attaching great hopes on what we are about to discuss, on the solid grounds of the 2030 sustainable development agenda, which we have adopted last week.

Mr. President, The government of the Sudan paid special attention to intergovernmental negotiations on the development agenda beyond 2015, which culminated in this document, and the document was adopted at the end of a lengthy negotiation process. We therefore once again welcome the adoption of the document, in the negotiation of which we have been an integral partner, confirming at the same time that our country is already engaged in practical steps towards implementing its national plan of action for sustainable development, putting in place policies and structural frameworks needed to that end and integrating them in national programs at both the federal and state levels, while looking forward to the complementary role the United Nations, its country team and relevant funds and agencies can play in support of our efforts aimed at implementing those plans.

However, we would like to reaffirm our determination to ensure that those objectives complement the process of peace, stability and growth in our country, despite the fact that we are still subjected to unilateral coercive economic sanctions which hinder the realization of our ambitions to achieve those noble goals.

We strongly support with appreciation, on this podium, the rejection of coercive and unilateral sanctions imposed on certain countries, as clearly and explicitly stated in the document.

The Sudan had great expectations, in the wake of signing and implementing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, in 2005, and signing the Doha peace agreement, in 2011, that the international community would give special consideration to its overarching concerns and economic problems, especially as regards alleviating the debt burden which is seriously encumbering the economy. The Sudan also anticipated equal treatment with other countries emerging from conflicts, in terms of resuming development aid. But, to its utmost dismay, my country's reward for achieving peace and stability and for all the sacrifices it made, was endless pressure, sanctions, boycotts and unilateral and coercive measures, which are politically motivated and lack legal justification what so ever. To make matters worse, obstacles were created to bar the Sudan from benefiting of certain constructive

293 initiatives, such as the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative, also for purely political reasons unrelated to reality.

Mr. President, Despite the unfavourable conditions created by the embargo and boycott policies, which unfairly targeted our people, we have made distinct efforts towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals and highly prioritised the elimination of poverty in its various manifestations and mitigation of its effects. However, the gains achieved as regards increasing per capita income have been offset by the fall out of the separation of Southern Sudan, after which the best part of oil revenues went to the fledgling state; on top of the negative effects of the global economic crisis and the prejudicial economic embargo.

Despite these difficulties, we have achieved reasonable success in the field of educational services, where enrolment rates have greatly increased at the levels of basic and secondary education, as well as the proportion of female students, reflecting a growing interest in female education as a result of incentive policies and awareness programs espoused by the state. In its turn, the growth in the proportion of female students, coupled with the gender policy adopted by the state, lead to a marked increase in the employment rates of women, perceivably exceeding men in some sectors.

Mr. President, In respect of maintaining peace and security, my government is on track towards consolidating of the values of democracy and good governance. As you might have all seen, the presidential and parliamentary elections conducted in the Sudan, in April this year, have been peaceful, free, fair and transparent and were monitored by a number of regional and international centres. People have, for the first time in the history of modem Sudan, since its independence in 1956, elected a president, members of parliament and members of legislative bodies throughout the country.

We might as well mention in this context, the comprehensive national dialogue initiative launched by the President of the Republic on January 27, 2014, and the positive response to it by a large segment of the political parties (more than 87 parties), who agreed to meet and discuss issues pertaining to peace, economy, alleviation of poverty, unity, identity, foreign policy, citizens' rights and duties, human rights, freedoms and political practices.

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You might have also noticed the adequate and convincing safeguards guaranteed by the government to the remnants of the rebel armed groups, in a bid to secure their safe participation in the dialogue without restrictions or preconditions. In this context, the President of the Republic issued, on September 21, 2014, two presidential decrees on the renewal of an amnesty for all armed individuals and extension of a unilateral moratorium for an extra two months, as an incentive to the targeted armed groups and individuals to participate in the comprehensive national dialogue process, which is open for all to join.

Mr. President, With regard to ensuring human rights, the Government of the Sudan did make commendable achievements in the past period, taking advanced steps towards ensuring those rights. This included the adoption, more than one year ago, of a comprehensive ten year human rights development plan, which now represents a comprehensive strategy and course of action for all relevant ministries and state institutions.

As for ensuring the right of women to participate in the political life, the afore mentioned presidential and parliamentary elections stand witness to the inclusion of women was key partners in all stages, from the preparatory process to the polling activities, as both voters and candidates, scoring 30% of all parliamentary seats.

In respect of cooperation with the United Nations mechanisms and relevant envoys, the Government of the Sudan maintains constant cooperation and coordination with the Independent Expert on the situation of human rights in the Sudan, in addition to its active participation the universal periodic review of the Human Rights Council, in Geneva.

In the field of the fighting cross-border crime, the Government of the Sudan signed several bilateral agreements with neighboring countries (Libya, Chad, Central Africa and Southern Sudan), with a view to tightening border control, preventing trafficking in arms and stopping the infiltration of organized crime, including trafficking in persons. My government recalls, in this regard, having hosted and co-organized the Regional Conference for the prevention of trafficking in human beings and smuggling in the Horn of Africa, in October 2014, and enacted a national law to combat trafficking in human beings, which entered into force since last year.

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Delving into the domain human rights would, of course, remind us once more, Mr. President, of the unilateral sanctions, in the context of which we would like to note the study conducted by the Human Rights Council two years ago on the human rights implications of such sanctions, which concluded that innocent people and not governments are victimized by the sanctions in the first place.

Mr President, The Sudan has been an active partner in international efforts to combat terrorism. At the national level as well, we have come a long way in ensuring that our laws and legislations are in full compliance with the international law and the international instruments related to combating terrorism, in all of which the Sudan has become a party more than a decade ago, and is strictly adhering to their norms and provisions.

In this regard, we firmly reiterate, on this podium, our categorical rejection of all attempts to politicize and circumvent the provisions of international law, citing as an example the relationship between the Security Council and the International Criminal Court, in respect of which experience has shown again and again that the scourge of politicization has turned it into a tool for targeting African leaders in particular, and you may have noted the resolutions adopted by the African Union in this regard; most notably the recent resolution adopted by the African Union summit, in Addis Ababa, which was subsequently endorsed in the most recent summit of Johannesburg.

Our world will not be rectified in the absence of a fair, equitable and universally acceptable international order. The current international system, which we had contracted and mutually accepted several decades ago and is governing world relations today, can no longer cope with the developments and major transformations occurring worldwide, making it imperative to effect extensive and in-depth reforms and reconsider those agreements commensurate with the circumstances surrounding us today.

In light thereof, my country strongly calls for considering, most expeditiously, the implementation of a structural reform process of the United Nations and the Security Council, in conformity with the principle of fair and equitable representation of all countries.

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Tackling major challenges that are facing the world today requires an overriding international will; an urgent need made the more compelling by the advent of the seventieth anniversary of the adoption of the Charter of the United Nations, which should propel ahead efforts of reform within the UN system, in order to attain the highest possible degree of representation, democracy and transparency in the different organs of the Organization, in particular the Security Council, which is in need of a comprehensive reform process to ensure broader representation, especially representation therein of African nations, in both the permanent and non-permanent categories, beside reforming its functions methodology, work patterns and rules of procedure, away from politicization, selectivity and double standards.

It is important in this context, to draw attention to the fact that fighting impunity is a noble goal, around which the international will should converge in good faith. However, mixing justice, as a principle, and politicisation is inconsistent with the principles of the Charter and international law. It turns the issue of delivering international justice into a platform for achieving narrow political goals, with no relation whatsoever to those noble objectives.

In this context, my delegation calls for strengthening and supporting regional mechanisms and enhancing preventive diplomacy to deal with conflicts and address their root causes, within the framework of fighting poverty and achieving a fair balance in the fields of international politics and economics.

Thank you Mr. President.

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SUDÁN DEL SUR

James Wani Igga, Vicepresidente de la República de Sudán del Sur

Mr. President, Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I would like to express sincere gratitude for the pivotal role the United Nations alongside many friends have played before, during and after the birth of our country South Sudan in July 2011.

First and foremost, this noble world body and its able leadership must be strongly appreciated for vehemently supporting this independence. We vividly remember the three days the UN SG spent dedicating himself to lecturing and advising us in Juba as independence neared. Congratulations Your Excellency Ban Ki-moon.

Having gone through so much for too long, the people of South Sudan's dream, aspiration and vision of a country of their own was eventually realized on July 9th 2011, with strong support from IGAD, UN, and the Troika. Almost one week thereafter, in this great hall, this esteemed and dignified body, the United Nations, took an extra rare measure in history and endorsed the noble Independence. We vehemently thank the United Nations.

Having attained freedom for our country and its people, we the leaders wasted no time in pushing forward with the creation of institutions of good governance and democratic exercise.

Actually we started virtually from rubble. However, our progress has been thwarted and marred by unjustified internal power feuds that resulted in a regrettable conflict engulfing three of our ten states (provinces) in the country.

Your Excellency, It is my pleasure and relief to announce to you and this august gathering that this regrettable war and uncalled-for bloodshed has been ended. The people of South Sudan

298 were yearning for peace and our President took the courageous step with the help of IGAD, the Troika, China, Russia, the eminent United Nations, and so on, to sign on 26 August 2015 a Peace Agreement with the rebel leadership to silence the guns and end the war. This signature was immediately followed by the President's declaration of Permanent Ceasefire in the following day. We must congratulate our people for this historic achievement of peace. I am sure it will be cemented by prosperity and happiness.

We give credit to our neighbours and the international community at large. The next step now is for this August body to quickly join and help us both in terms of humanitarian assistance and reconstruction as we vow to implement the agreement.

Your Excellencies, South Sudan is concerned about the global and regional peace, security, and adherence to human rights. Though we have been tied down by our own difficulties, we are also mindful of our participation in the global and regional strategies aimed at tackling threats of terrorism and the like.

I commend the role the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) has played during the period leading up to our declaration of independence in 2011 and afterwards. Nonetheless, any renewal of the UNMISS mandate without consultations and consent of our government is not right and unacceptable. It is a well-known fact that matters of this nature are sovereign and due consultation is imperative.

Ladies and gentlemen, Peace and security of the people of South Sudan have been the paramount responsibility of the government. Committing crimes against the people we govern or violation of human rights have never and shall never be condoned by our government. Promoting and protecting the safety of persons, family and community and their physical and social wellbeing is a duty that we take more seriously. We will not allow impunity to reign.

We are conscious of our obligations to humanity and do respect the Human Rights Charter as contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and related protocols. We respect the content and provisions of the Geneva Conventions and we vow to toughly observe and apply them in our difficult and complex context.

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Since our independence, whenever we received reports of human rights abuses by elements associated with our security institutions, we have often investigated and immediately dealt with them in accordance with the law.

Your Excellencies, we are full of joy to announce that through the efforts exerted by the esteemed IGAD alongside the Troika, Russia, China and many other people of good will, we have signed on 26/8/2015 an historic accord with our brothers, the rebels. The following day H.E. President Salva Kiir Mayardit declared the Permanent Cease Fire. This Cease Fire is surely holding in certain parts of the country but not in all. This is mainly attributed to the absence of a Joint Monitoring and Verification Mechanism installed on the ground.

I urge IGAD to speed up creating and designating this vital instrument for enforcing any meaningful cease-fire. On the Security Arrangements, from 13-18 September, the warring parties held a workshop which ended by our government delegation signing the minutes, but our brothers, the rebels, declined from signing for reasons best known to them. It is now incumbent upon the IGAD-Plus to persuade them using all possible means.

A further proof that our government is committed to this Agreement is the announcement by the SPLA (government Army) about a week ago, to move out of Juba to the radius of 25 km away. This is a dear demonstration of the government's will to execute the Accord. As the SPLA is already on the redeployment motion, the international community needs to expeditiously come in with the necessary funding to help install new army barracks in those forests.

Ladies and gentlemen, As we embark on the implementation of the peace Agreement, sanctions and travel restrictions on our officials should no longer be the option. And at this juncture, I urge all countries of good will to rash in with humanitarian, resettlement as well as development projects. There is no doubt that development and prosperity can quickly lead to cementing peace and stability.

It is thus, mandatory upon the government of South Sudan to remind the international donors about the many pledges they have made even earlier but were never delivered. More than any other time in our conflict riddled history; the upcoming post-conflict imperatives of resettlement, rehabilitation, and disarmament require concerted financial and technical

300 intervention from our many good friends around the world. Honouring the numerous pledges made in for a such as, in Oslo (2005 and 2014) and the International Engagement Conference hosted by the sisterly United States in 2011, will go a long way in enabling the full implementation of the current peace agreement in terms of meeting a pressing need for humanitarian aid and post-conflict reconstruction.

Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, In conclusion, we are solidly determined to correct the past and look forward to the future.

I seize this opportunity to appeal to all friends and supporters of South Sudan to rapidly step in to back up the process of humanitarian assistance, rehabilitation, peace building and national reconstruction.

South Sudan is very resilient and its future is certainly full of hope particularly with all your assistance and cooperation, but it should not be subjected to undeserved isolation and sanctions, given its level of fragility as a new country.

Thank you very much.

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TANZANIA

Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, Presidente de la República Unida de Tanzania

Your Excellency, Mr. Mogens Lykketoft, President of the General Assembly, Your Excellency, Mr. Ban Ki-moon, United Nations Secretary-General, Excellencies Heads of State and Government, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I join those who spoke before me in congratulating you, on your well-deserved election to preside over the 70th Session of the General Assembly. Your election is a fitting tribute to your distinguished political career, having served as a Finance Minister, Foreign Minister and recently as Speaker of the Danish Parliament. It is also a reflection of the high regard this august Assembly has for your great country, Denmark. I would like to assure you of my country's full support and cooperation in discharging your duties and responsibilities.

Mr. President, I wish to pay glowing tribute to your predecessor Hon. Sam Kahamba Kutesa, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uganda for the outstanding manner in which he steered the affairs of the sixty-ninth session of the Assembly. Indeed, this great son of the African soil has done us proud. A deserving word of appreciation also goes to our illustrious Secretary-General His Excellency Ban Ki Moon and his staff, for their dedicated service and efforts in promoting the ideals and principles of the Charter of the United Nations.

Mr. President, I also commend you, your predecessor and the Secretary General for the excellent work which has culminated into the adoption of the Post 2015 Development Agenda and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with their 169 targets. We sincerely hope that there will be reliable mechanisms of ensuring availability of means of implementation and follow-up. It was failure to have such mechanisms which was responsible for the short falls in the implementation of the MDGs.

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Mr. President, My delegation welcomes the theme designated for this general debate, namely The United Nations at 70: the road ahead for peace, security and human rights".

Indeed, at 70 years the United Nations has not only withstood the test of time but has evolved and become a stronger organization. I am glad we all agree that a lot has been achieved in the past 7 decades. Equally, we agreed that not everything that the founding fathers envisaged the UN would do has been done satisfactorily.

The United Nations has succeeded to prevent another world war but challenges of preserving world peace and security remain. Interstate and intrastate conflicts and wars are many and on the increase. Terrorism has become a serious global threat. There are still too many people who live under conditions of abject poverty, squalor and depravation in a world of unprecedented wealth.

Mr. President, Unlike 70 years ago, today there is better understanding, cooperation and partnership between countries and organizations in preserving peace and security. It is easier today for the world to come together for a course of peace than it was before. As a matter of fact most of the conflicts we are witnessing today are being handled, first and foremost, by regional and sub-regional organizations. The UN, therefore, must seek to forge strategic partnership with these organizations. By taking advantage of the knowledge these organizations have of the history and nature of the crises, the key players and culture of the people, it would be easier to manage and resolve the conflicts. Where and when appropriate, the United Nations should invest in strengthening the capacity of these organizations and their member states, in anticipating, detecting, preventing, managing and resolving conflicts. I am of the view that this capacity is urgently needed in Africa.

Mr. President, We highly commend the President of the Sixty-ninth session of the General Assembly and the Chair of the Intergovernmental Negotiations (ION) on reform of the Security Council, for .efforts made. It is the wish of member states to see an acceleration of the negotiation process during this 70th Session. For the UN Security Council to remain what it was170 years ago is incomprehensible and, to say, the least, unacceptable. It is high time the

303 demands of the majority of the membership of the United Nations are heard and heeded too.

We must be mindful of the fact that the credibility of the UN depends on a more agile, representative and responsive Security Council. Let all of us muster political will and accomplish this long overdue task, for the sake of our Organization. In the mean time we must continue to support the Revitalization of the work of the General Assembly.

Mr. President, Peace keeping operations remain one of the most dependable instruments of promoting world peace and security. I believe it will remain so for many years to come. I am told there are about 125,000 men and women deployed in 16 peacekeeping missions across the world. Tanzania is proud to have contributed 1,322 of these gallant people who often times serve under challenging conditions. Sometimes they are compelled to serve in places where there is little or no peace to keep. Tanzania stands ready to contribute more whenever requested to do so.

Mr. President, We can not talk about security challenges of today without mentioning terrorism.

This is the security challenge that the United Nations and. the entire international community must remain vigilant in the coming decade. While· reiterating our strongest condemnation of terrorism, in all its forms and manifestations, we believe there is an urgent need to bolster efforts at all levels for fighting the scourge. Collectively, we must aspire to improve our preparedness, collaboration and response to the threat we face.

Mr. President, The Ebola outbreak in West Africa last year is a stark reminder of how dangerous epidemics can be and how vulnerable we are as nations and people. More than 11,000 people lost their lives including citizens of the US and Spain and about 28,000 were infected. The economies of Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone were devastated. Economic activities and services almost ground to a halt thus causing gigantic losses to the economies of the three countries. The World Bank estimates that they lost about USD 2.2 billion of their GDP as a result. There were about 7000 children who lost their parents and about half a million people who became food insecure. More than 5 million children lost

304 valuable schooling and skills-development time. It requires mammoth recovery efforts to get these economies and societies back to where they were before the outbreak.

Unfortunately, many countries in Africa also, suffered irrespective of how far a country is from the three affected countries. The tourist industry has been affected the most.

Mr. President, The biggest lesson from the handling of this Ebola outbreak in West Africa is that the world needs to be better prepared to prevent and respond to epidemics in future. This was not the case unfortunately. It is in this regard to Ebola outbreak. It is in this regard that, we should all commend the Secretary General for the wise decision he took of establishing a High Level Panel on Global Health Crises to come up with recommendations about how the world can respond better to public health emergencies of global concern in future.

I was given the honor of chairing the panel. It is premature for me to report anything substantive now to this august Assembly. We will complete our work in December, 2015 and I am sure our 'report will be brought before this Assembly for information and action. We look forward to your support.

Mr. President, Tanzania welcomes the historic and momentous decision taken by the United States of America and the Republic of Cuba to restore diplomatic relations and reopen embassies of the two countries in Washington D.C. and Havana. We join the people of Cuba and United States in celebrating this landmark achievement.

We commend President Barack Obama and President Raul Castro for their bold and courageous leadership. The two leaders and countries have proved to all of us, the power of dialogue in finding solutions, even to deep rooted and long standing conflicts.

We extend best wishes to our US and Cuban friends as they open a new chapter in their bilateral relations. We hope and appeal to the United States to lift the embargo which has condemned the people of Cuba to untold socio-economic hardships, poverty and misery for the last 50 years.

Mr. President,

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In the same vein, it is our wish that Israel and Palestine would resume the dialogue so that their long standing conflict can be resolved peacefully. It is high time the pain and suffering endured by the people of Palestine over the many decades was put to an end. Also, it is about time the people of Israel lived peacefully and harmoniously with their neighbors.

It is regrettable that we are celebrating seventy years of the founding of the United Nations this conflict remains unresolved. Tanzania subscribes and supports the two states solution, with the state of Israel and a sovereign, contiguous and viable state of Palestine living side by side, in peace, security, harmony, mutual recognition, trust and cooperation. We believe it is possible and achievable. We must double our efforts.

Mr. President, Another outstanding matter which this organisation has to ensure that it does not continue to be left unresolved is the issue of Western Sahara. The lack of movement on the side of the United Nations to implement its decisions on the matter is both regrettable and incomprehensible. The people of Saharawi have waited for far too long to get the opportunity to determine their fate and· future. Let this esteemed Organization of ours muster political will and pluck up courage to do what it had long decided to do. At seventy years the United Nations is old enough and has accumulated a lot of wisdom and experience to put this matter to rest.

Mr. President, On September 20th, 2006, I stood on this very podium, for the first time and addressed this august Assembly as the newly elected fourth President of my dear country: the United Republic of Tanzania. Today, I am standing here to bid farewell to you all as I am about to leave office at the completion of my two term mandate, as provided for in the Tanzania Constitution.

I thank all of you for the invaluable support and cooperation extended to me, my administration and my country in the past ten years that we have worked together.

Kindly be assured that I will always value each and every one's contribution. I feel proud to have had the opportunity to work with all of you in promoting the ideals of the United Nations and contributed to the pursuit of world peace, security, stability and development.

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As I take leave of you, I would like to assure you that Tanzania shall remain a faithful member and an unwavering supporter of the United Nations' Organisation. I am confident that you will find in my successor, a likeable and dependable friend and ally. Please accord him or her the necessary support and cooperation in fulfilling his or her duties and responsibilities.

Mr. President, The road ahead for peace, security and development remains challenging but worthy the journey. It requires our renewed resolve and reaffirmation of our commitment to the ideals, values and principles laid down by the founding fathers of the United Nations seven decades ago in San Francisco. All nations, individually and collectively, should endeavor to promote them as we have been doing in the last seventy years. It can be done, play your part.

I thank you.

307

TOGO

Faure Essozimna Gnassingbe, Presidente de la República Togolesa

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs les Chefs d'Etat et de gouvernement, Monsieur le Secrétaire général, Distingués délégués, Mesdames et Messieurs,

Je me réjouis de m'adresser à notre auguste Assemblée, au moment où nous abordons une nouvelle phase de notre longue quête de pain, de sécurité, de développement et de prospérité partagée.

A l'entame de mon propos, qu'il me soit permis, de présenter mes chaleureuses félicitations à Son Excellence Monsieur Mogens Lykketoft, pour son élection à la Présidence de cette 70ème session de l'Assemblée Générale des Nations unies.

Je tiens également à renouveler toute notre reconnaissance au Secrétaire général Monsieur Ban Ki Moon pour les actions il a su engager depuis sa prise de fonction.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Depuis sa création, notre organisation commune s'est pleinement investie aux côtés des Etats, des organisations régionales et des populations pour la paix et la sécurité, mais aussi, pour le relèvement progressif des niveaux de vie. Je tiens donc, à me féliciter de ce long chemin que nous avons parcouru ensemble.

Je note, à cet égard, que le thème retenu pour la présente session de notre Assemblée générale cadre bien avec nos préoccupations du moment et reflète les valeurs qui sous- tendent notre entière adhésion à la Charte des Nations Unies.

Monsieur le Président,

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Mesdames et Messieurs, Depuis son adhésion le 20 septembre 1960, mon pays a fait siennes, les valeurs et les priorités qui évertuée, avec beaucoup de conviction, apporter sa contribution pour le triomphe des nobles idéaux de notre organisation.

En retour, le Togo a beaucoup reçu de la grande famille des Nations Unies. Le dernier exemple en date de cette coopération féconde remonte à l'élection présidentielle du 25 avri12015.

Nous n'oublierons pas que tout au long de ce processus électoral, le Togo a bénéficié un appui multiforme et d'un accompagnement attentif de ses amis et partenaires et, en particulier, du PNUD et du Bureau des Nations Unies en Afrique de l'Ouest.

Cette marque de solidarité a été pour nous une source d'encouragement et une incitation supplémentaire à aller au bout des efforts que le peuple togolais a consentis pour réussir cette élection.

Je saisis l'occasion qui m'est offerte pour témoigner la profonde gratitude du peuple togolais à tous et toutes.

Aujourd hui, le peuple togolais entend s'appuyer pleinement sur ce succès pour continuer à affermir sa démocratie et à poursuivre, dans la cohésion, sa marche vers le progrès.

Dans cette optique, conscient des enjeux pour la paix et la sécurité d'une société juste et équitable, le Togo compte faire de l'inclusion économique et sociale le premier vecteur de la cohésion nationale.

La priorité des priorités pour les Togolais est d'aller plus loin dans la consolidation du mieux-être pour tous et de prendre ainsi une part plus active é la réalisation de notre nouvel agenda pour le développement.

Nos priorités nationales pour les prochaines années, se recoupent, dans une large mesure, avec les nouveaux engagements que nous venons de prendre, dans le cadre des objectifs de développement durable.

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Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Notre nouvel agenda pour le développement durable nous engage é faire beaucoup mieux que nous n avons pu faire au cours des dernières années.

Même si nous n'avons pas réussi à réaliser tous nos objectifs dans les délais que nous nous sommes fixes, au moins, avons-nous aujourd'hui le bénéfice de l'expérience qui constitue un immense capital dont nous devons tirer le meilleur parti pour mieux répondre aux défis qui nous attendent.

Au moment off nous délibérons sur l'avenir de la coopération internationale, avec la ferme volonté de prendre un nouvel élan, il me paraît essentiel de ne pas oublier le lourd tribut que nous venons de payer à l'épidémie de la maladie é virus Ebola.

En ma qualité de Coordonnateur de la lutte contre cette maladie dans l'espace de la CEDEAO qui en a été l'épicentre, je saisis l'occasion de cette tribune pour exprimer notre profonde gratitude aux Etats, aux organisations régionales, à tous les partenaires bilatéraux et multilatéraux, aux organisations non gouvernementales qui ont mobilisé des moyens considérables et ont agi, de diverses manières, pour aider les pays les plus touches à endiguer l'épidémie.

Je tiens aussi á saluer l'héroïsme des personnels soignants, toutes nationalités confondues, les acteurs communautaires qui n'ont pas abdiqué leur engagement, même quand leur vie était en danger. Ils on sauvé des vies et démontré notre capacité à réagir face à des situations extrêmes. J'ai une pensée pour tous ceux qui ont perdu leur vie en essayant de sauver celle des autres.

EBOLA a tué, détruit des communautés, fragilisé des économies avec des pertes de l'ordre de 2 milliards de dollars de produit intérieur brut pour les 3 pays affectés.

Aujourd'hui Ebola est affaibli, mais pas totalement vaincu. Nous devons tous ensemble rester vigilants non seulement pour éradiquer les foyers résiduels mais, au-delà, rebâtir des systèmes plus résilients face aux vulnérabilités et chocs, de tous ordres, auxquels nous

310 sommes exposes. Ces crises ne doivent pas nous empêcher de garder le cap et de tenir les promesses de croissance économique et de progrès social.

Je voudrais exhorter, à cet effet, tous nos partenaires é rester actifs et engages y compris dans les pays jusqu'ici épargnés.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et messieurs, Si l'on peut se féliciter de ce que la croissance économique africaine est l'une des plus fortes au monde ces dernières années, force est de constater qu'au rythme actuel, l Afrique ne sera pas en mesure de donner massivement des emplois à sa jeunesse et de réduire de manière significative la pauvreté.

L'impératif d'une croissance économique accélérée et inclusive exige des actions structurantes et des financements qui vont au-delà des schémas classiques.

C'est pourquoi, le Toga espère qu'à la suite de la conférence d'Addis Abeba sur le financement du développement, la communauté des bailleurs de fonds ne ménagera aucun effort pour accompagner, de façon plus constructive et mains restrictive, les pays africains dans leur volonté de diversification des sources de financement et dans leurs efforts visant é élargir leur espace budgétaire interne.

Dans le même esprit, au moment off nous sommes à la recherche de mécanismes plus appropriés pour financer le développement de l'Afrique, il serait regrettable que les valeurs culturelles qui fondent les sociétés africaines soient sacrifices au risque de saper les résultats escomptés.

A cet égard, des pressions ne doivent pas être exercées sur nos États pour los contraindre à adopter des programmes et initiatives qui provoquent des bouleversements culturels. En effet, comme l'ont été les Evèques africains dans leur déclaration de juin dernier, nous sommes préoccupés par le fait que certaines orientations des Objectifs de Développement Durable liées à la santé sexuelle et reproductive ne finissent par devenir des conditionnalités à l'octroi des ressources alors que leur appropriation continue de faire l'objet de controverses.

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Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, La longue et riche expérience des Nations Unies nous enseigne que la paix et la sécurité sont à la fois des préalables et des composantes du développement. Cette double exigence doit être pleinement prise en compte dans les stratégies que nous aurons à élaborer pour la effective des objectifs de développement durable à l'horizon 2030.

Le Togo, dont l'économie est largement tributaire de l'hinterland ouest-africain, mesure à sa juste valeur l'importance de la sécurité dans la sous-région et en Afrique.

La lutte contre le groupe terroriste Boko Haram et toutes les formes d'extrémisme ainsi que de racisme doit se poursuivre, sans merci, de concert avec la communauté internationale, conformément aux valeurs prônées par l'ONU et que nous partageons. Ces dérives qui tendent à se répandre cos dernières années en Afrique, ne correspondent é aucune des valeurs fondamentales de notre continent.

Pour sa part, le Togo entend capitaliser sur les acquis de la réforme de son système de défense et de sécurité pour mieux se positionner dans l'environnement sous-régional et international é cet égard.

L'on n'insistera donc jamais assez sur la nécessaire mise en cohérence de has politiques en matière de sécurité, de défense des droits humains et de protection de l'environnement.

La dimension écologique des crises et des conflits, l'impact des changements climatiques sur l'exacerbation de la pauvreté et la mise en péril répétée des droits de l'homme, en période de guerre, sont des réalités que nous ne pouv0ns occulter, si nous voulons préserver durablement la stabilité des Etats.

C'est pourquoi, la conférence de Paris sur les changements climatiques sera le premier test de solidité des engagements que nous venons de prendre en faveur du développement durable.

Vu l'importance des enjeux, il nous incombe d'adopter é cette conférence, un accord international contraignant qui changera positivement la vie de millions de personnes à

312 travers le monde, en imposant los mesures nécessaires au maintien du réchauffement climatique au-dessous de la barre de 2° Celsius.

Au Togo, nous vivons déjà, au quotidien, les effets des changements climatiques dont l'érosion côtière qui se traduit par une avancée de la mer de 12 à 15 mètres chaque année menaçant ainsi les populations du littoral.

Il y a donc des enjeux immédiats de survie pour les populations riveraines qui exigent des réponses urgentes et appropriées nécessitant d'importants investissements.

Il est par conséquent crucial que les futurs financements internationaux destines à lutter contre les changements climatiques, notamment ceux qui viendront alimenter abonderont le Fonds Vert, ne viennent pas en déduction de l'aide publique au développement traditionnelle.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, Je saisis l'occasion qui m'est offerte ce jour pour rappeler que les défis économiques, sécuritaires et environnementaux liés au milieu matin, seront examines lors du sommet extraordinaire sur la sécurité et la sûreté maritimes et le développement en Afrique que le an prochain Lomé, sous l'égide de l Union africaine.

Nous espérons pouvoir adopter, é cette occasion, la Charte de Lomé sur la sécurité maritime qui nous donnera les moyens de mieux agir ensemble pour que lamer demeure un atout majeur pour le développement de l'Afrique.

En outre, permettez que je souligne que les leçons que nous avons tirées des 70 années d'opérations de maintien de la paix ne suffisent plus é garantir l'efficacité de nos actions, face é la nature changeante des crises et des conflits.

C'est pourquoi, nous devons constamment innover, en conjuguant davantage nos efforts, pour adapter, sans cesse, nos réponses aux défis sécuritaires du moment.

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C'est é ce titre que mon pays se fé1icite du Rapport du Groupe indépendant de haut niveau créé par le Secrétaire général pour étudier les opérations de paix et dont les recommandations pertinentes doivent faire l'objet d'une attention soutenue de notre part.

Mon pays salue également la tenue, il y a deux jours, du Sommet sur les opérations de maintien de la paix, organisé par un groupe d'Etats é l'initiative des Etats-Unis d'Amérique, Sommet qui vise é mettre plus de moyens é [a disposition des opérations de maintien de la paix.

Monsieur le Président, Mesdames et Messieurs, L'ampleur des défis auxquels nous sommes aujourd'hui confrontés nous oblige renouer constamment avec la vocation originelle des Nations Unies. C'est notre devoir de préserver, par temps de guerre et par temps de paix, la dignité humaine, de construire un monde fondé sur la promotion et la protection des droits humains.

Je voudrais, à cet égard, rendre un hommage mérité au Haut-commissariat des Nations Unies aux droits de l'homme qui a fermé récemment son Bureau au Togo après avoir aidé le Gouvernement, les institutions nationales et la société civile é renforcer leurs capacités dans le domaine de la protection et de la promotion des droits humains.

Les huit années de coopération, qui viennent de s'écouler, ont permis au Togo de réaliser des progrès importants dans la défense des droits humains. Nous entendons poursuivre inlassablement nos efforts dans ce domaine, parce que nous sommes profondément ne société, où les droits de la personne humaine sont protèges et garantis, a toutes les cartes en main pour réaliser ses promesses de développement.

C'est mort plus vif souhait que la coopération multiforme qui nous mobilise au sein de la grande famille des Nations Unies puisse continuer à s'intensifier dans tous les domaines off elle peut permettre l'Homme de mieux avancer vers le progrès, dans la solidarité et le partage.

Sur ce, je souhaite un joyeux anniversaire à l'Organisation des Nations Unies, notre organisation de succès pour ses actions futures.

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Je forme surtout le venir puissent nous donner l'occasion de préserver et de consolider notre adhésion collective aux idéaux de paix, de sécurité et de développement durable.

Je vous remercie pour votre attention.

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TÚNEZ

Habib Essid, Jefe de Gobierno de la República de Túnez

Resumen (Inglés): http://gadebate.un.org/70/tunisia

Discurso (Árabe): http://gadebatede.un.org/sites/default/files/gastatements/ 70/70_TN-ar.pdf

316

UGANDA

YOWERI KAGUTA MUSEVENI, Presidente de la República de Uganda

Secretary General of the United Nations, Distinguished delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I congratulate H.E. Mr. Mogens Lykketoft on his election as President of the 70th Session of the UN General confident that he will lead the Assembly effectively and successfully. I would also like to express our gratitude to H.E. Mr. Sam Kutesa, for his leadership of the 69th Session. I pay tribute to the Secretary- General, H.E. Ban Ki-Moon, for his personal dedication and commitment to the work of the United Nations.

It says in the Bible, in the Book of Mathew 22:37- th all your heart

Yesterday, while chairing the special session of the UN on SDGs, I quoted this portion of the Bible. Given the fact that the UN has been in existence for the last 70 years, one would have imagined that these fundamental laws of Christianity would have been clear to every member of humanity. Yet, unfortunately, this has not been the case. Until recently, the human race was divided between a small group of affluent and prosperous societies on the one hand and a large number of under-developed societies.

These under-developed societies were so, partly because of endogenous factors and also exogenous factors. We do not have time to lay out these two sets of factors that were responsible for this dichotomy in the human race developed and underdeveloped societies on the same planet in the same age.

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Yet, as if by miracle, during the period of the 69th session of the UN General Assembly, the UN Member States have, finally, agreed on all the important SDGs 17 of them. The convergence of analysis and solutions, of diagnosis and prescription, is a landmark in the history of mankind.

It means that the international community now agree with us in Uganda who have for long identified ten strategic bottlenecks that held Africa back from undergoing the necessary transformation to become first world societies. Unlike in the past prescriptions that entailed mainly philanthropy, Aid, talking of social goals without talking of economic goals, etc., the SDGs that we adopted the other day, talk about industrialization and value addition, trade, investments and human resource development in addition to the previously proposed remedies. Above all, the SDGs proclaim in bold letters the concept of universal prosperity by all societies for the first time in human history. While it is amazing that this enlightened self-interest has taken so long to dawn on all of us, the old saying that better late than never appropriately comes to mind in this case.

This convergence of diagnosis and prescription regarding global issues will, above all, assist in prioritizing the use of scarce resources, especially those under the control of international agencies.

The tug of war as to what is more important, electricity or education, now comes to an end. It is clear that both and more are the sine-qua-non of socio-economic transformation. Moreover, the use of the word transformation in the SDGs is most revealing. This is what

like talking of quantitative growth without qualitative change. We have been pointing out that this is not what happens in nature. Healthy quantitative expansion of, for instance, a foetus in the womb should always result, after a due period of time, into the foetus metamorphosing into a baby who now breathes through the nose and feeds through the mouth instead of relying on the uterine umbilical cord.

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Similarly, societies must not only grow quantitatively but also qualitatively. The African societies, for instance, must grow from the pre-capitalist modes of production and from being producers of raw materials to middle class and skilled working societies.

I salute our own Hon. Sam Kutesa who played a leading role in this historic effort at the level of the UN.

On the issue of global peace, our experience in Uganda is, to go back to the Bible, that whatever a man sows that is what he reaps. If you sow the pseudo ideology of sectarianism, bad governance, corruption, flunkeyism, etc., you will harvest insecurity and stunted growth of state pillars, including the armed forces.

Uganda is a country that had a lot of problems including losing 800,000 people between 1966-1986, killed extra-judicially by the regimes.

We have never, however, appealed for external help in dealing with the security problems of Uganda. We always emphasize building our own capacity at the earliest opportunity. It has served us well. Uganda today has got capable security forces that have ushered in peace, throughout the whole country, for the first time, in the last 500 years.

Our advice to the UN system, therefore, is that while it may be unavoidable to rely on external armies in dealing with particular ugly situations, we should be wary of groups that seek external sponsorship instead of relying on their own internal energies and that seek to be puppets of external actors. Some very limited external solidarity may be necessary when oppressed people are fighting for survival and emancipation if you are dealing with authentic patriotic groups.

However, the UN system will not add any value if they are lured into situations of supporting puppets that have no legitimacy in the different respective situations or that are pursuing one form of pseudo ideology or another. In that case, the UN becomes part of the problem not part of the solution.

I thank you very much.

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ZAMBIA

Edgar Chagwa Lungu, Presidente de la República de Zambia

Your Excellency, Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Your Excellencies, Heads of States and Governments, Distinguished delegates,

Wish to begin by thanking the secretary-general for convening this important session marking the 70th anniversary of the United Nations.

Let me take this opportunity to congratulate his Excellency Mr. Morgens Lykketoft, for assuming the presidency of the high level segment of the session. Coming from the great country of Denmark, I am confident that he will preside over the session with great success.

I also wish to pay tribute to his Excellency Mr. Sam Kutesa of the Republic of Uganda for successfully presiding over the last general assembly session.

Your excellencies, I wish to express my profound gratitude for the opportunity to deliver my inaugural address to the assembly of world leaders.

As it will be recalled, my country was at a crossroads, following the demise of the 5th republican President, his Excellency Mr. Michael Chilufya Sata on 28th October 2014. I was elected President of the Republic of Zambia in the subsequent election that took place on January 20, 2015. Building on our impeccable record in the area of democracy and good governance, the election was characterized as transparent, peaceful, free and fair, reflecting of our commitment to internationally accepted norms of peaceful changes of government and popular participation in the destiny of the country.

I therefore thank the people of Zambia for being true champions of democracy. As we meet today, I equally feel duty bound to thank the international community for their unflinching solidarity during that challenging moment of the past year.

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This year is important for the United Nations general assembly as we Commemorate the organization's 70 years of existence.

In our deliberations, therefore, it is imperative that we take stock of collective successes as well as challenges of the last seven decades, in order to improve the performance of this noble organization.

I am optimistic that the 70th general assembly session will set the tone for the future and meet the expectations of the international community as a whole.

Zambia is proud to be part of the global endeavor to foster the mandate of the United Nations of promoting peace and security, respect for human rights and advancing development for all.

Zambia is, however, concerned that the gears to advance the three pillars of the United Nations charter are moving at a very slow pace, a pace with the potential of negating the gains we have achieved so far. It is therefore, important that we enhance our concerted efforts to address areas of concern in the areas charter.

Your excellencies, We have just adopted the world's quintessential development blueprint of the 2030 agenda, centered on humanity, environment and peaceful societies. These core elements will guide its implementation and leaving no one behind."

I have been encouraged by the focus on development that has characterized the global discourse over the past years, through the evolution of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development.

The development lessons of the millennium development agenda and the cumulative experience of 70 years of the United Nations should serve as a springboard on which to spur our ambitions.

Let us therefore ensure the successful implementation and attainment of the social development goals. I am confident that the invaluable lessons learnt will set us on a

321 trajectory that must invariably lead to a safer, inclusive, cleaner and more prosperous world.

Your excellencies, In the last 70 years of the UN's existence, the inequality gap among and between nations continue to widen, as poverty and youth unemployment threaten prospects for peace and security and development.

My government looks forward to the versatile implementation of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development, which fosters poverty eradication and creates employment for youths and women especially in rural communities.

In 70 years of the United Nations the global community is today more united than ever before in its quest to push boundaries for peace and security, yet it is equally if not more divided on who makes decisions on global peace and security!

70 years of the United Nations has seen more conflicts in Africa, than any other continent, yet the same 70 years characterizes Africa's absolute exclusion from decision-making in the UN Security Council where a significant part of the agenda concerns the continent.

In the 70 years of the United Nations' existence, Africa remains the only continent not represented in the Security Council.

Goal 10, of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development on reducing inequality among countries will not be achieved without eradicating the inequality among countries in the Security Council.

The United Nations must re-double its efforts at implementing Security Council reforms, and ensure that Africa takes its rightful position among the community of nations and contributes equitably and effectively to global peace and security.

For this reason, Zambia has continued to offer its resources for peacekeeping, including the deployment of a large contingent of troops in the Central African Republic, earlier this year.

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Zambia comes with a long history of involvement in conflict prevention, peace-keeping and peace-bulling.

As a landlocked country, gaining independence was incomplete as long as Zambia remained surrounded by nations still fighting liberation struggles.

This gave impetus to our moral conviction to join in the liberation struggles in Africa. Since then Zambia has continued to participate in peace-building initiatives and has supported peace keeping efforts all around the world.

We continue to share the global concerns at the unrelenting threat of terrorism as it is mostly affecting the safety of non-combatant civilian populations.

Your excellencies, I have been encouraged by the focus on development that has characterized the global discourse over the past year, notably through the discussions on the sustainable development goals and 2030 agenda for sustainable development.

Zambia has been a beneficiary of various initiatives aimed at facilitating the attainment of the millennium development goals, which arose from the collective resolve of the generation of world leaders at the turn of the millennium.

Indeed, most of our countries have continued to face serious challenges in the quest to foster development and improve the quality of life of our people. The challenges are numerous including energy shortages and the effects of climate change.

The two are inextricably inseparable on the development agenda for countries like Zambia that rely heavily on hydro-power generation.

The changing rainfall" pattern has adversely affected power generation capacities in most of our countries.

This year, Zambia is experiencing an unprecedented energy crisis that has already cost the nation dearly in terms of productivity, jobs, and revenue.

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Beyond the economic limitations, the social ramifications are equally devastating to the country. It is therefore important that much effort is exerted on mitigation strategies to climate change.

Furthermore, developing countries are still grappling with several challenges such as: poverty; high unemployment, particularly amongst the youth; skewed industrial development; low intra-regional trade; inadequate infrastructure; low productivity in agriculture and livestock; poor quality health services; and, challenges of access to quality education.

As we move forward, it is important for us to acknowledge the realities and imperatives of the world today and renew our common resolve to sustain the core principles of our organization.

We should re-double our efforts at harnessing our individual strengths to collectively address the rather complex challenges that confront us in our increasingly globalised and interdependent world.

Given the demographic nature of our communities, poverty remains a real concern, particularly in rural areas.

In Zambia, 70% of the people in rural areas depend on agriculture for their livelihood. Agriculture is one of my government's priority areas in the county's efforts to diversify the economy away from mining.

The government is making interventions aimed at improving capacities and value addition for both the subsistence and commercial farmers. Our interventions, notably, the farmer input support program, the irrigation development and support project, and other credit schemes need additional support in order to exploit the full potential of this giant industry.

We also seek to strengthen partnerships to enable the improvement of services in such areas as provision of extension services, improving access to market information and the facilitation for physical transfer of produce to the markets.

Key on Zambia's development agenda is industrialization.

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In this regard, my government has devised measures to encourage and support the development of appropriate industries, mainly in value addition, in order to spur structural economic transformation and increase private sector participation.

The primary focus has been on areas that have more backward and forward linkages to catapult the Zambian economy to higher levels of growth leveraging on regional value chains to: expand trade; attract foreign direct investment; create employment; reduce poverty; promote sustainable development, and thereby empower our people.

Your excellencies, Financing is one of the major challenges facing developing countries.

We need external resources to bridge the gap required to finance development projects.

It is in this light that the UN conference on financing for development was held in Addis Ababa in July this year, to develop strategies for financing development.

The conference recommended several measures meant to bridge the financing gap including the need for exploitation of new sources of finance and improving the tax administration systems, which would be supplemented by international support.

We know that putting in place appropriate infrastructure is very important in our quest to expand intra-Africa trade and bolstering our productive capacities and enhancing s competitiveness on the global market.

In this regard, we must quickly identify sources to raise the US$100 billion Africa needs annually to finance its infrastructural development.

It is equally important, from the perspective of the landlocked developing countries, to remain committed to the decisions of the Vienna Program of action of 2014.

In keeping with this commitment, Zambia was privileged to host the meeting of the landlocked developing countries in Livingstone in June this year, and from which an

325 outcome document, he Call from Livingstone," was developed. I was honored to officiate at this conference.

Your excellencies, Special attention should be paid to gender and women empowerment. The 2013 global review report indicates that 35% of women had been victims of gender based violence.

Indeed, Zambia acknowledges that this problem extends to most nations including our own. To this end, we are already implementing important interventions to curb this scourge.

Our approach to development will not be limited to the economy but continue to focus on all pillars of development.

I am humbled that our traditional leaders, the UN system, and the civil society have seamlessly worked with government in fighting for gender equality for our women and girls.

Your excellencies, One of the important programs in which I have been engaged as a designated champion of ampaign" seeks to address issues of gender based violence.

The she" project was initiated by un women in September last year to focus on addressing the incidences of gender-based violence.

time my government will again be launching the US-aid supported oy-To- project targeting the 15-21 year old age group and aimed at encouraging the development of a non-violent generation.

In our determination to bridge the gap between the sexes, a vigorous campaign is underway to consolidate the educational foundation of the girl- child by encouraging them to complete their education and to unlock their developmental potential, rather than being forced into child, early or forced marriage.

Your excellences,

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The situation of the youth remains a daunting one.

Unemployment is one of the major challenges facing our youth.

To address the situation, my government recently launched the national youth policy which lays the foundation for all interventions to support the development of a vibrant and productive generation.

We are aiming at creating 500,000 jobs over the next five years. This effort will dwell heavily on the facilitation for a private sector-led job market.

We are also making efforts to address particular social disadvantages of the most marginalized members of society including the disabled. We want to ensure that they realize their potential and offer service to national development efforts.

Your excellences, The challenges are many but they are not insurmountable. The UN has been a key ally in addressing some of these problems, and indeed the story of Zambia is to a large extent, the story of the UN.

I am confident, your excellencies, that through our concerted and collective efforts, determination and hard work, coupled with able and visionary leadership, we shall overcome.

I look forward to working with you to ensure that our shared solutions are brought forward and implemented within the spirit of this organization.

I thank you for your kind attention.

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ZIMBABUE

Robert Mugabe, Presidente de la República de Zimbabue

Your Excellency, Mr. Morgens Lykketoft, President of the 70th Session of the General Assembly, Your Majesties, Excellencies, Heads of State and Government, Your Excellency, Mr. Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, Comrades and Friends,

Allow me, at the outset, to extend to you, Mr. Lykketoft, my warm congratulations on your election to the high office of President of the 70th session of the General Assembly. You assume this office at a historic moment when the United Nations has just adopted an ambitious agenda for the future of humankind. The task ahead needs all hands on the deck and you can count on our cooperation and support during your Presidency.

Mr. President, I wish to commend Mr. Sam Kutesa, a distinguished son of Africa, for the dynamism with which he steered this august body over the past year. We particularly appreciated his leadership in promoting inclusive dialogue and seeking consensus on the many sensitive issues that he presided over during his tenure.

and human rights", aptly complements the deliberations of the Summit meeting on the Post-2015 Development Agenda. It is our expectation that the United Nations will draw from its seven decades long experiences to give birth to a new era of peace, equality and justice, a new era that recognises and fosters the commonality of our common fate through renewed international cooperation and solidarity.

Mr. President,

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The African Union welcomes the priorities you have proposed for they are in tandem with our own developmental plan, the Agenda 2063, which recognises the intrinsic and inextricable linkages between peace, security, development, and the full realization of human rights.

The African Union Constitutive Act recognizes that, while peace and security are imperative for our progress, conflict is a major impediment to the socio-economic advancement and integration of the continent. Consequently, the Common African Position (CAP) on the post- six key pillars, and a top priority for us. The prevalence of peace, not only creates conducive conditions for development, but also ensures that the maximum possible resources can be dedicated to development programmes and projects. We welcome and encourage the continued cooperation between the United Nations and the African Union (AU), principally through the latter's Peace and Security Council, in advancing peace and security in Africa. ·

Mr. President, In January this year, the leaders of the African Union adopted Agenda 2063, as our continent's plan to accelerate deepened economic integration of our countries and regions. Its main objective is to improve the well-being of the continent's citizenry through sustained and balanced economic growth.

At the AU Summit in Pretoria, South Africa, in June this year, we agreed on the Agenda's first ten year development plan.

During these initial ten years, the flagship programmes will include the creation of a Continental Free Trade Area, the African Centre for Disease Control, a Pan-Africa University of Science and Technology (to develop skills for the value addition and beneficiation of the continent's vast mineral resources), a Single Aviation Market, a High Speed Train, and a Pan African E-Network.

The successful implementation of Agenda 2063 calls, not just for the commitment of African stakeholders, but also for the support and engagement of partners beyond the borders of our continent. Africa is not looking for handouts. Rather, it is looking for partners in massive infrastructural development, in creating and exploiting the value

329 chains from its God-given natural resources, and in improving the quality of life of the continent's citizens. The entire world stands to benefit from an economically empowered African continent, than from one emasculated by deprivation and with an over-dependence on others.

Mr. President, Adaptation to change is the most crucial ingredient for the vibrancy and effectiveness of any organisation, including the United Nations. While the world has drastically changed since 1945, the United Nations, and indeed the global governance architecture, remains mired in a long bygone era. This archaic hierarchy among nations threatens to erode the confidence and support that the United Nations commands among the majority, but disadvantaged, of its membership. We are disappointed that we have lost the opportunity of this anniversary to address this burning issue of the reform of the United Nations Security Council in a manner that satisfies the just demands and expectations of the majority among us.

I wish to reiterate our strong attachment to Africa's common position on the reform of the Security Council, contained in the Ezulwini Consensus and the Sirte Declaration. I call on all genuine friends of Africa and all those who value justice, fairness and democracy to support Africa's just and reasonable proposals.

Mr. President, We equally call for the revitalisation of the General Assembly, the sole universally representative and democratic organ of the United Nations, so that it can effectively carry out its Charter-mandated responsibilities. Accordingly, we fully support the call for -General, by ensuring that the General Assembly plays a more significant role in that process. After all, the Secretary-General is at the service of all the Member States, and not only that of an exclusive, privileged few.

Mr. President, Respecting and upholding human rights is the obligation of all States, and is enshrined in the United Nations Charter.

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Nowhere does the Charter arrogate the right to some to sit in judgment over others, in carrying out this universal obligation. In that regard, we reject the politicization of this important issue and the application of double standards to victimize those who dare think and act independently of the self-anointed prefects of our time. We equally reject attempts

Cooperation and respect for each other will advance the cause of human rights worldwide. Confrontation, vilification and double standards will not.

Mr. President, Self-determination and independence are intrinsic and fundamental rights that should be enjoyed by all peoples everywhere, without distinction. We are deeply concerned by the continued denial of this basic right to the Saharawi people.

We urge the United Nations to expeditiously finalise what must be done to conclude the decolonisation of the Western Sahara.

In the Middle-East, the suffering of the Palestinian people continues unabated. We reiterate our unwavering support to the just cause of the Palestinian people. We also reiterate that lasting peace in the Middle East can only be achieved through negotiations, to achieve a two state solution based on the pre-1967 borders. We are concerned by the increase in tensions in that region, and urge the United Nations to assume its responsibility and bring an end to this senseless conflict.

Mr. President, The promotion of gender equality is critical for the realisation of the Post-2015 Development Agenda. The African Union designated 2015 The Year of the Advancement of Women Empowerment and Development towards Agenda 2063" in order to mobilise our individual and collective actions around this key issue. Gender equality and women empowerment are central to the achievement of human development, progress and the elimination of the scourge of poverty and deprivation.

We must continue to build upon the achievements that have been realised since the 1995 Fourth United Nations Conference on Women and the Beijing Declaration and its Platform for Action.

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Mr. President, The growing list of phenomena that neither respect nor know any borders, makes it imperative that we mobilise all mechanisms of cooperation to effectively overcome them.

Terrorism and extremist violence, communicable diseases such as HIV and AIDS, Tuberculosis, Malaria, Bird Flu, Ebola, cannot be overcome single-handedly. The United Nations and its specialised agencies is the place and the mechanism for this indispensable and necessary cooperation.

For some months now, we have watched heartbreaking and harrowing scenes of desperate refugees seeking to enter Europe, in search of safety and shelter from the ravages of conflict in their own homelands. We have also read of the tragedy and loss of life in the Mediterranean. The majority of the affected people are from Syria or from other countries devastated by conflict and instability induced, in great part, by the destabilising policies of external forces. This tragic situation could have been avoided through the respect of the independence of other countries and non-interference in their internal affairs.

In the case of Libya, we are witnessing the results of abusing the authority of the United Nations Security Council and ignoring the opinion of regional organisations, in this instance, the African Union (AU), which are supposed to be the United Nations' partners in the maintenance of international peace and security.

Mr. President, My country, Zimbabwe, is committed to a fair, just and effective United Nations, in which multilateralism, inclusivity and transparency replace unilateralism, exclusion and backroom deals. The Charter of the United Nations is built on the bedrock of the sovereign equality and independence of its members, without distinction as to their geographical size, economic might, or any other endowments or qualifications.

We are deeply attached to these principles and call on other members of the United Nations to be similarly disposed. The United Nations was set up, among other purposes, to develop friendly relations amongst nations". Zimbabwe desires, and is committed to nurturing friendly relations with other nations.

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We invite other countries with which we may have differences of whatever nature to eschew threats, pressures and punitive actions, in favour of reconciliation, friendship and dialogue. I therefore denounce, in the strongest terms, the illegal sanctions that are imposed on my country by the European Union and the USA and call for their immediate and unconditional removal. Once more, I put it on record that my country is desirous to live in harmony with all countries, big and small.

Mr. President, The 70th anniversary of our organisation has been marked by the adoption of a far- reaching agenda which has the potential to drastically transform our world in all aspects.

We are under no illusion about the challenges that lie ahead but we are not discouraged either. Humankind has, over the epochs, demonstrated an immense tenacity in overcoming inertia and resistance to change. Now is our time to leave our own positive mark in the history of human development and interaction. Posterity expects no less from us.

I thank you.