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Senator Byron L. Dorgan Chairman, Democratic Policy Committee
Opening Statement Senator Byron L. Dorgan Chairman, Democratic Policy Committee “Abuses in Private Security and Reconstruction Contracting in Iraq: Ensuring Accountability, Protecting Whistleblowers” Friday, September 21, 2007 10:30 a.m. – 12:30 p.m. 226 Dirksen Senate Office Building Today the Democratic Policy Committee is holding a hearing to examine the continuing lack of accountability in private security and reconstruction contracting in Iraq. There are now nearly as many private contractors in Iraq as there are American soldiers. And when contractors operate without accountability, and come to believe that there will not be any consequence for wrongdoing, our mission in Iraq is compromised and our troops are undermined. One of the largest sectors in which private contractors are active in Iraq is the area of security. Last year the GAO estimated that there are as many as 48,000 private security contractors in Iraq, though no one knows the precise number. And these security contractors have operated in a climate of impunity. On Sunday, there was a firefight in Iraq involving private security contractor Blackwater that left at least 11 Iraqis dead. The incident is being investigated, and I certainly do not want to prejudge the results of the investigation. But we cannot ignore the fact that the Iraqi government has said that it believes that Blackwater overreacted and caused the loss of innocent life. Prime Minister Maliki said that this was the seventh such incident involving Blackwater, and he urged that Blackwater be replaced. Nearly a year ago, the Congress passed a law requiring that private security contractors be bound by the same code of conduct as U.S. -
Trafficking and Forced Labor
JU NE 2012 VICTIMS OF COMPLACENCY: The Ongoing Trafficking and Abuse of Third Country Nationals Victims of Complacency by U.S. Government Contractors VICTIMS OF COMPLACENCY The Ongoing Trafficking and Abuse of Third Country Nationals by U.S. Government Contractors VICTIMS OF COMPLACENCY: The Ongoing Trafficking and Abuse of Third Country Nationals by U.S. Government Contractors JUNE 2012 AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION 125 Broad Street, 18th Floor New York, NY 10004 www.aclu.org Cover images: LEFT: AP Photo/Lauren Frayer RIGHT: REUTERS/Damir Sagolj Table of Contents Executive Summary .................................................................................. 5 Methodology .............................................................................................. 11 Acknowledgements ................................................................................... 12 Introduction ............................................................................................... 15 Section 1: Findings ................................................................................... 19 Who are TCNs? .............................................................................................. 19 The Recruiting Process ................................................................................. 21 Loan Sharks and Exploitative Lending ......................................................... 23 Transit to and Arrival in Iraq and Afghanistan .............................................. 23 Wages, Promotions, Contracts, and Passports -
Iraq War Documentaries in the Online Public Sphere
Embedded Online: Iraq War Documentaries in the Online Public Sphere Eileen Culloty, MA This thesis is submitted to Dublin City University for the award of PhD in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. Dublin City University School of Communications Supervisor: Dr. Pat Brereton September 2014 I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment on the programme of study leading to the award of Doctor of Philosophy is entirely my own work, that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge breach any law of copyright, and has not been taken from the work of others save and to the extent that such work has been cited and acknowledged within the text of my work. Signed: ___________ ID No.: ___________ Date: _________ ii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the memory of Martin Culloty. … I go back beyond the old man Mind and body broken To find the unbroken man. It is the moment before the dance begins. Your lips are enjoying themselves Whistling an air. Whatever happens or cannot happen In the time I have to spare I see you dancing father Brendan Kennelly (1990) ‘I See You Dancing Father’ iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ viii ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................... -
JAHI7205-3F74e414e6fullabstract.Pdf
1 / 3 Table of Contents No. Title Page 1 Dampak Krisis Finansial 2008 Terhadap Angka Pengangguran di Jerman 1 - 16 2 Faktor-Faktor di Balik Perubahan Moda Masuk Billabong Internasional Ltd. dalam 17 - 30 Ekspansinya ke Indonesia 3 Perubahan Strategi Revolutionary United Front (RUF) terhadap Intervensi 31 - 52 UNAMSIL dalam Perang Sipil Sierra Leone 1999-2000 4 Peranan Ethiopia dalam Konflik di Somalia Kurun Waktu 2006 – 2009 53 - 65 5 Sengketa Kepulauan Senkaku antara Cina dan Jepang (1998-2013) 67 - 83 6 Hubungan Indonesia-China pasca Normalisasi tahun 1990 85 - 104 7 Postur Kebijakan Perbatasan Indonesia – Papua New Guinea 105 - 118 8 Pengaruh Krisis Ekonomi Global terhadap Ekspor Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil 119 - 140 Indonesia di Pasar Internasional 9 Kebijakan Luar Negeri Rusia Terhadap Suriah dalam Konflik Suriah Tahun 141 - 155 2011-2012 10 Analisis Penghentian Proyek Bendungan Myitsone oleh Myanmar terhadap Cina 157 - 175 Tahun 2009-2012 11 Disfungsi Peran UNFPA atas Kebijakan Kependudukan di Cina pada Tahun 1979 177 - 200 – 1994 12 Prestise Kebangkitan Olahraga sebagai Sarana Kebangkitan Damai China 201 - 219 13 Latar Belakang Jepang Mengirim Pasukan Militer Melaksanakan Misi Non-Tempur 221 - 233 di Iraq Tahun 2004-2008 14 Terorisme sebagai Tantangan Kelompok Etnis terhadap Negara: Studi Kasus 679 - 705 Gerakan Transnasional Boko Haram Di Nigeria 15 Strategi Advokasi OWC, ORIP, dan OPDP dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik 235 - 255 Penggusuran Masyarakat Ogiek di Hutan Mau 1990-2013 16 Pemberian Bantuan Amerika Serikat kepada -
Regulating the United States Private Army: Militarizing Security
Cadieux: Regulating the United States Private Army: Militarizing Security REGULATING THE UNITED STATES PRIVATE ARMY: MILITARIZING SECURITY CONTRACTORS TABLE OF CONTENTS I. TURRET-GUNNER NUMBER THREE ............................................. 197 II. INTRODUCING THE MODERN PRIVATE MILITARY FIRM ............... 199 A. The Benefits of PMFs .......................................................... 202 B. The Drawbacks of PMFs ..................................................... 204 C. Traversing a Legal "Black-Hole"...................................... 206 III. CONGRESS RESPONDS ............................................................... 208 IV. COURT-MARTIAL JURISDICTION AND CIVILIAN CONTRACTORS.. 216 A. Court-MartialDuring a Time of Peace ............................... 217 B. Court-MartialDuring a Time of War .................................. 224 C. The InternationalLaw of War ............................................. 226 V. ARMY, NAVY, AIR FORCE, MARINES, AND... BLACKWATER?... 228 A. The Many Proponentsof Military Integration..................... 228 B. Using the Existing Framework of the UCMJ....................... 230 V I. CONCLUSION ............................................................................ 234 I. TURRET-GUNNER NUMBER THREE As his motorcade careened down a dusty Baghdad street, "Paul," turret-gunner number three, noticed a suspicious white car headed purposefully toward him.' Paul waved his hands and signaled for the driver to stop, but the car continued unabated. Believing that the driver was an enemy -
Iraqi Reconstruction: Reliance on Private Military Contractors and Status Report
IRAQI RECONSTRUCTION: RELIANCE ON PRIVATE MILITARY CONTRACTORS AND STATUS REPORT HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION FEBRUARY 7, 2007 Serial No. 110–11 Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/index.html http://www.house.gov/reform U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 36–546 PDF WASHINGTON : 2007 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:54 Aug 15, 2007 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 C:\DOCS\36546.TXT HGOVREF1 PsN: HGOVREF1 COMMITTEE ON OVERSISGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HENRY A. WAXMAN, California, Chairman TOM LANTOS, California TOM DAVIS, Virginia EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York DAN BURTON, Indiana PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland JOHN L. MICA, Florida DENNIS J. KUCINICH, Ohio MARK E. SOUDER, Indiana DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts CHRIS CANNON, Utah WM. LACY CLAY, Missouri JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR., Tennessee DIANE E. WATSON, California MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts DARRELL E. ISSA, California BRIAN HIGGINS, New York KENNY MARCHANT, Texas JOHN A. YARMUTH, Kentucky LYNN A. WESTMORELAND, Georgia BRUCE L. BRALEY, Iowa PATRICK T. MCHENRY, North Carolina ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, District of VIRGINIA FOXX, North Carolina Columbia BRIAN P. -
The Legal Status of Private Military and Security Company (Pmsc) Personnel Involved in Armed Conflict Under International Humanitarian Law
THE LEGAL STATUS OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANY (PMSC) PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN ARMED CONFLICT UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW A THESIS By: NASRULLAH MAZII Student Number : 12.410.343 INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA 2020 i THE LEGAL STATUS OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANY (PMSC) PERSONNELS INVOLVED IN ARMED CONFLICT UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW A THESIS By: NASRULLAH MAZII Student Number : 12.410.343 INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA 2020 ii THE LEGAL STATUS OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANY (PMSC) PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN ARMED CONFLICT UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW A BACHELOR DEGREE THESIS Presented as the Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements To Obtain the Bachelor Degree in Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta By: NASRULLAH MAZII Student Number : 12410343 INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FACULTY OF LAW UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA YOGYAKARTA 2020 iii PAGE OF APPROVAL iv PAGE OF APPROVAL A BACHELOR DEGREE THESIS THE LEGAL STATUS OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANY (PMSC) PERSONNELS INVOLVED IN ARMED CONFLICT UNDER INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW Has been proven and declared acceptable by the Language Advisor to be examined by the Board of Examiners at the Thesis Examination on June 17th, 2020 Yogyakarta, June 17th, 2020 Language Advisor Antun Muwuri Heratanti, S.S.,M.A v SURAT PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS KARYA TULIS ILMIAH BERUPA TUGAS AKHIR MAHASISWA FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA Bismillahirrahmanirrahim -
Private Military Contractors in Iraq: an Examination of Blackwater’S Actions in Fallujah
UNITED STATES HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM MAJORITY STAFF SEPTEMBER 2007 PRIVATE MILITARY CONTRACTORS IN IRAQ: AN EXAMINATION OF BLACKWATER’S ACTIONS IN FALLUJAH PREPARED FOR CHAIRMAN HENRY A. WAXMAN TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................2 I. BACKGROUND...............................................................4 A. The February 7, 2007, Committee Hearing .......................................4 B. Documents Reviewed ........................................................................5 II. AN ACCOUNT OF THE INCIDENT IN FALLUJAH............6 A. Blackwater’s Preparation ...................................................................6 B. Warnings about the Fallujah Mission ................................................9 C. Staffing for the Fallujah Mission .......................................................10 D. Camp Fallujah ..................................................................................11 E. The Ambush .......................................................................................11 F. Aftermath of the Incident .................................................................13 III. IMPEDIMENTS TO THE COMMITTEE INVESTIGATION 14 IV. CONCLUSION............................................................17 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On February 7, 2007, the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform held a hearing to initiate an investigation into the performance and accountability of private military contractors -
Blackwater USA: the Success and Failures of the Worlds Most Powerful Mercenary Army in the War on Terror
Pepperdine Policy Review Volume 9 Article 3 7-20-2017 Blackwater USA: The Success and Failures of the Worlds Most Powerful Mercenary Army in the War on Terror Marina Harden Pepperdine University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/ppr Recommended Citation Harden, Marina (2017) "Blackwater USA: The Success and Failures of the Worlds Most Powerful Mercenary Army in the War on Terror," Pepperdine Policy Review: Vol. 9 , Article 3. Available at: https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/ppr/vol9/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Public Policy at Pepperdine Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pepperdine Policy Review by an authorized editor of Pepperdine Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. Blackwater USA: The Success and Failures of the Worlds Most Powerful Mercenary Army in the War on Terror Beginning of Blackwater USA In the remote, swampy lands in Moyock, North Carolina, the world’s largest mercenary army made its footprint in 1997. Unbeknownst to founders Erik Prince and Al Clark the little town of Moyock would be home to one of the nations most premiere training facilities for the elite Blackwater USA civilian soldiers. Blackwater USA, also referred to just as Blackwater, would go on to protect, diplomats, dignitaries, and reconstruction officials. Among them were Ambassador Paul Bremer III, then Sen. Barack Obama, then Sen. Joe Biden, Chuck Hagel, and John Kerry1. Blackwater would protect these men and women in battle in the War on Terror at home and abroad. -
32-GA1-Mercenaries.Pdf
FHSMUN 32 GENERAL ASSEMBLY FIRST COMMITTEE THE ACTIVITIES AND IMPACTS OF MERCENARIES AND PRIVATE SECURITY COMPANIES Abstract: Private military companies (PMCs) have become increasingly ubiquitous and utilized around the world over the past 15 years. States employ PMCs for a wide variety of military/combat and even civilian administration tasks. Regulation of the activities of PMCs to this point has been minimal to non-existent; the General Assembly First Committee needs to formulate appropriate guidelines for private military companies. “The Security Council expresses its profound concern at the impact of…mercenary activities, on peace and security in West Africa. These contribute to serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, which the Council condemns.”1 “Mission: To support national and international security policies that protect those who are defenseless and provide a free voice for all with a dedication to providing ethical, efficient, and effective turnkey solutions that positively impact the lives of those still caught in desperate times.”2 “...if one holds his state on the basis of mercenary arms, he will never be firm or secure; because they are disunited, ambitious, without discipline, unfaithful; gallant among friends, vile among enemies; no fear of God, no faith with men; and one defers ruin insofar as one defers the attack; and in peace you are despoiled by them, in war by the enemy.”3 Introduction Within the United Nations System, the ability to effectively mobilize and monopolize the use of coercive violence is often considered to be at the heart of state sovereignty. As politicians and diplomats exalt state sovereignty, they also frequently heap praise on the most visible symbols of state sovereignty: the armed forces of their respective states. -
H. Con. Res. 429
IV 108TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION H. CON. RES. 429 Recognizing the sacrifices of individuals working in Iraq under United States Government contracts, expressing sympathy to those individuals injured or taken captive in Iraq, and expressing condolences to the families of those individuals killed in Iraq. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MAY 18, 2004 Mr. LATOURETTE (for himself, Mr. CASE, Mr. HOEKSTRA, Mr. BROWN of South Carolina, and Mr. PICKERING) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Government Reform CONCURRENT RESOLUTION Recognizing the sacrifices of individuals working in Iraq under United States Government contracts, expressing sympathy to those individuals injured or taken captive in Iraq, and expressing condolences to the families of those individuals killed in Iraq. Whereas the deaths on March 31, 2004, in Fallujah, Iraq, of four individuals employed by Blackwater Security Con- sulting, a division of Blackwater USA, located in Moyock, North Carolina, and the deaths on April 9, 2004, outside of Baghdad, of four individuals employed by Kellogg Brown and Root, a unit of the Halliburton Company, heightened awareness in the United States of the daily peril faced by thousands of such individuals employed by 2 entities carrying out work in Iraq under contracts with the United States Government for the reconstruction of Iraq; Whereas the four individuals employed by Blackwater Secu- rity Consulting, Jerry Zovko, 32, of Euclid, Ohio; Wesley J. Batalona, 48, of Honokaa, Hawaii; Michael Teague, -
Assessing the State Department Inspector General
ASSESSING THE STATE DEPARTMENT INSPECTOR GENERAL HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 14, 2007 Serial No. 110–79 Printed for the use of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/index.html http://www.house.gov/reform U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 44–738 PDF WASHINGTON : 2008 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 14:37 Nov 03, 2008 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 C:\DOCS\44738.TXT KATIE PsN: KATIE COMMITTEE ON OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM HENRY A. WAXMAN, California, Chairman TOM LANTOS, California TOM DAVIS, Virginia EDOLPHUS TOWNS, New York DAN BURTON, Indiana PAUL E. KANJORSKI, Pennsylvania CHRISTOPHER SHAYS, Connecticut CAROLYN B. MALONEY, New York JOHN M. MCHUGH, New York ELIJAH E. CUMMINGS, Maryland JOHN L. MICA, Florida DENNIS J. KUCINICH, Ohio MARK E. SOUDER, Indiana DANNY K. DAVIS, Illinois TODD RUSSELL PLATTS, Pennsylvania JOHN F. TIERNEY, Massachusetts CHRIS CANNON, Utah WM. LACY CLAY, Missouri JOHN J. DUNCAN, JR., Tennessee DIANE E. WATSON, California MICHAEL R. TURNER, Ohio STEPHEN F. LYNCH, Massachusetts DARRELL E. ISSA, California BRIAN HIGGINS, New York KENNY MARCHANT, Texas JOHN A. YARMUTH, Kentucky LYNN A. WESTMORELAND, Georgia BRUCE L. BRALEY, Iowa PATRICK T. MCHENRY, North Carolina ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, District of VIRGINIA FOXX, North Carolina Columbia BRIAN P.