DOCSLIB.ORG

Long-Term Ecological Research in the Northern Wadden

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Long-Term Ecological Research in the Northern Wadden Wadden Sea Station Sylt (founded 1924, AWI since 1998) Ecology of changing sandy coasts Ecology of changing sandy coasts Mission To understand and anticipate coastal change in ecosystem functioning, biodiversity and sediment dynamics in a warmer world Infrastructure Permanent staff: ~20 (7 scientists) PostDocs, Guests, Students: ~20 Facilities: Guest laboratories, Mya, field experiments Research themes Long-Term Research Morphodynamics Foodwebs Invaders Long-Term Ecological Research in the Northern Wadden Sea • Finger at the Pulse of the Wadden Sea • Broad spectrum of components enable a holistic view on ecosystem change • Generate hypotheses that are tested in dedicated experiments and studies • Natural variability vs man-made change • Scenarios of future coastal change • Framework for external cooperations • Basis for policy advise Van Beusekom, Armonies, Asmus, Buschbaum, Hass, Martens, Reise Sedimentology and remote sensing at AWI Wadden Sea Station Sylt 2003 2005 2009 Grain-size trend Sediment transport pattern coarser Data basis: 60 months (monthly sampling since 2003) no trend finer Chr. Hass Coastal food webs and habitat networks BioinvasionsBioinvasions –– BiodiversityBiodiversity -- CoastalCoastal foodfood webswebs Food web past scenario Food web including invasive species Eriocheir sinensis Zoarces viviparus Mullus surmuletus Carcinus maenas Mytilus edulis Coastal Crassostrea Native gigas Invasive Native change Mnemiopsis leydii Invasive speciesspecies speciesspecies Pleurobrachia pileus Coscinodiscus wailesii Coscinodiscus concinnus Habitat network Habitat network including of the past Fucus vesiculosus Sargassum muticum invasive species H. Asmus, R. Asmus Bioinvasion – a major impact on the Wadden Sea ecosystem Global warming Change in: Ecosystem function Goods and services Species introduction -Many exotic species originate from warmer coastal systems -Already established exotics facilitate the introduction of further aliens (invasional meltdown) -Example: Mussel beds of Mytilus edulis changed to an alien community warming habitat availability substrate availability Chr. Buschbaum, K. Reise International Cooperation Themes 1. Morphodynamics 2. Ecological Interactions Wadden Sea North Sea – Rivers 3. Global Importance of the Wadden Sea 4. Ecological Effects of Climate Change 5. Culture Heritage and Society in the Wadden Area 1. Economic Trends, Developments, planning 2. Policy Kontakt • Karsten Reise ([email protected]) • Ragnhild Asmus ([email protected]) • Justus van Beusekom ([email protected] • Harald Asmus ([email protected]) • Christian Hass ([email protected] ) • Christian Buschbaum ([email protected] ) • Peter Martens ([email protected] ) • Werner Armonies ([email protected] ).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • NEW RECORD of PLEUROBRACHIA PILEUS (O. F. MÜLLER, 1776) (CTENOPHORA, CYDIPPIDA) from CORAL REEF, IRAQI MARINE WATERS Hanaa
    Mohammed and Ali Bull. Iraq nat. Hist. Mus. (2020) 16 (1): 83- 93. https://doi.org/10.26842/binhm.7.2020.16.1.0083 NEW RECORD OF PLEUROBRACHIA PILEUS (O. F. MÜLLER, 1776) (CTENOPHORA, CYDIPPIDA) FROM CORAL REEF, IRAQI MARINE WATERS Hanaa Hussein Mohammed* and Malik Hassan Ali** *Department Biological Development of Shatt Al-Arab and N W Arabian Gulf, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq **Department Marine Biology, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq **Corresponding author: [email protected] Received Date: 16 January 2020, Accepted Date: 27April 2020, Published Date: 24 June 2020 ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to present the first record of ctenophore species Pleurobrachia pileus (O. F. Müller, 1776) in the coral reef as was recently found in Iraqi marine waters. The specimens were collected from two sites, the first was in Khor Abdullah during May 2015, and the second site was located in the pelagic water of the coral reef area, near the Al-Basrah deep sea crude oil marine loading terminal. Three samples were collected at this site during May 2015, February and March 2018 which showed that P. pileus were present at a densities of 3.0, 2.2 and 0.55 ind./ m3 respectively. The species can affect on the abundance of other zooplankton community through predation. The results of examining the stomach contents revealed that they are important zooplanktivorous species; their diets comprised large number of zooplankton as well as egg and fish larvae. The calanoid copepods formed the highest percentage of the diet, reaching 47%, followed by cyclopoid copepods 30%, and then the fish larvae formed 20% of the diet.
    [Show full text]
  • Seasonal Variation of the Sound-Scattering Zooplankton Vertical Distribution in the Oxygen-Deficient Waters of the NE Black
    Ocean Sci., 17, 953–974, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-953-2021 © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Seasonal variation of the sound-scattering zooplankton vertical distribution in the oxygen-deficient waters of the NE Black Sea Alexander G. Ostrovskii, Elena G. Arashkevich, Vladimir A. Solovyev, and Dmitry A. Shvoev Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 36, Nakhimovsky prospekt, Moscow, 117997, Russia Correspondence: Alexander G. Ostrovskii ([email protected]) Received: 10 November 2020 – Discussion started: 8 December 2020 Revised: 22 June 2021 – Accepted: 23 June 2021 – Published: 23 July 2021 Abstract. At the northeastern Black Sea research site, obser- layers is important for understanding biogeochemical pro- vations from 2010–2020 allowed us to study the dynamics cesses in oxygen-deficient waters. and evolution of the vertical distribution of mesozooplank- ton in oxygen-deficient conditions via analysis of sound- scattering layers associated with dominant zooplankton ag- gregations. The data were obtained with profiler mooring and 1 Introduction zooplankton net sampling. The profiler was equipped with an acoustic Doppler current meter, a conductivity–temperature– The main distinguishing feature of the Black Sea environ- depth probe, and fast sensors for the concentration of dis- ment is its oxygen stratification with an oxygenated upper solved oxygen [O2]. The acoustic instrument conducted ul- layer 80–200 m thick and the underlying waters contain- trasound (2 MHz) backscatter measurements at three angles ing hydrogen sulfide (Andrusov, 1890; see also review by while being carried by the profiler through the oxic zone. For Oguz et al., 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Life History of Fish
    Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 191: 287-295. 1989 Process of estuarine colonization by 0-group sole (Solea solea): hydrological conditions, behaviour, and feeding activity in the Vilaine estuary Jocelyne Marchand and Gérard Masson Marchand, Jocelyne and Masson, Gérard. 1989. Process of estuarine colonization by 0-group sole (Solea solea): hydrological conditions, behaviour, and feeding activity in the Vilaine estuary. - Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer, 191: 287-295. The influence of environmental factors on the estuarine settlement and the behaviour of sole late larvae was examined by sampling which was stratified either by transects or by depth, photoperiod, and tidal conditions at one station. The initiation of inshore migration is controlled by the thermohaline conditions in the bay which depend on river flow, tidal cycle, and wind regime. Their fluctuations in abundance seem to be linked less to predator-prey relationships than to water density variations which induce spatial segregation of the sole and potential predators like ctenophora and scyphomedusae. In the estuary, late larvae exhibit a vertical migratory behaviour in relation to photoperiod with excursions up into the water column during the night. This diurnal rhythm is endogenous and is not related to feeding activity which is itself linked to tidal conditions and to predation on epi- and endo-benthic fauna. Jocelyne Marchand and Gérard Masson: Laboratoire de Biologie Marine, Université de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44072 Nantes Cedex 03, France. Introduction Methods The common sole, Solea solea, is a predominant species, In the bay and estuary of the Vilaine where the fresh­ economically and biologically, in the fish communities water flow is controlled by a barrage, 0-group sole were of the French Atlantic coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Full Text in Pdf Format
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published November 14 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Long-term distribution patterns of mobile estuarine invertebrates (Ctenophora, Cnidaria, Crustacea: Decapoda) in relation to hydrological parameters Martin J. Attrill'.', R. Myles ~homas~ 'Marine Biology & Ecotoxicology Research Group, Plymouth Environmental Research Centre, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8.4.4, United Kingdom 'Environment Agency (Thames Region), Aspen House, Crossbrook St., Waltham Cross, Herts EN8 8HE, United Kingdom ABSTRACT: Between 1977 and 1992, semi-quantitative samples of macroinvertebrates were taken at fortnightly intervals from the Thames Estuary (UK) utilising the cooling water intake screens of West Thurrock power station. Samples were taken for 4 h over low water, the abundances of invertebrates recorded in 30 min subsamples and related to water volume filtered. Abundances of the major estu- arine species have therefore been recorded every 2 wk for a 16 yr period, together wlth physico- chemical parameters such as temperature, salinity and freshwater flow. Annual cycles of distribution were apparent for several species. Carcinus rnaenas exhibited a regular annual cycle, with a peak in autumn followed by a decrease in numbers over winter, relating to seasonal temperature patterns. Conversely, abundance of Crangon crangon was consistently lowest in summer, responding to seasonal changes in salinity, whilst Liocarcinus holsatus, Aurelia aurita and Pleurobrachia pileus were only pre- sent in summer samples, with P. pileus often in vast numbers (>l00000 per 500 million I). The estuar- ine prawn Palaemon longirostris showed no obvious sustained annual pattern, but evidence for a longer cycle of distribution was apparent. During 1989-1992 severe droughts in southeast England severely disrupted annual salinity patterns and coincided with a large increase in the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis population.
    [Show full text]
  • Dr. Wulf Greve, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity C/O DESY Geb.3, Notkestr. 85D- Working Group 1 (WG1): Indicators of Envir
    Dr. Wulf Greve, German Centre for Marine Biodiversity c/o DESY Geb.3, Notkestr. 85D- 22607 Hamburg, Germany, Tel.: x49-40-8998-1870, Fax: x49-40-8998-1871 e-mail [email protected] The introduction of marine Biometeorology will improve the specificity of the environmental change indication. I suggest inclusions into the suggested document as given in blue with some omittable figures for clarification. Wulf Greve Literature: Lange, U. & Greve, W. 1997: Does temperature influence the spawning time, recruitment and distribution of flatfish via ist influence on the rate of gonadal maturation? Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift 49 (2/3), 251-263 Heyen, H., Fock, H. & Greve, W. 1998: Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological time series and climate using a multivariate statistical approach- a case study on Helgoland Roads zooplankton. Climate Res. 10: 179-191 Greve, W. and U. Lange 1999: Plankton Prognosis in the North Sea. Deutsche Hydrogr.Z., Suppl. 10: 155-160 Greve Wulf, Uwe Lange, Frank Reiners and Jutta Nast 2001: Predicting the Seasonality of North Sea Zooplankton In: KRÖNCKE, I. & TÜRKAY, M. & SÜNDERMANN, J. (eds), Burning issues of North Sea ecology, Proceedings of the 14th international Senckenberg Conference North Sea 2000, Senckenbergiana marit. 32, in press Working Group 1 (WG1): Indicators of environmental changes (Moderator: Sabine Cochrane, Rapporteur: Chris Emblow) Discussion items and results: - Give general indicators for the impact of environment changes General indicators (surrogates) are (indicating system (dis)equilibrium): - Taxonomic distinctness - Structuring taxa - Single taxa - Functional groups - Population dynamics - Shifting taxa (temporal and spatial range change; exotics) - Top predators - Give indicators for specific impacts (climatic changes, toxicants, etc.).
    [Show full text]
  • And Macrozooplankton Time-Series 1974 to 2004: Lessons from 30 Years of Single Spot, High Frequency Sampling at the Only Off-Shore Island of the North Sea
    Helgol Mar Res (2004) 58: 274–288 DOI 10.1007/s10152-004-0191-5 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Wulf Greve Æ Frank Reiners Æ Jutta Nast Sven Hoffmann Helgoland Roads meso- and macrozooplankton time-series 1974 to 2004: lessons from 30 years of single spot, high frequency sampling at the only off-shore island of the North Sea Received: 26 September 2003 / Revised: 29 June 2004 / Accepted: 10 July 2004 / Published online: 11 November 2004 Ó Springer-Verlag and AWI 2004 Abstract The Helgoland Roads meso- and macrozoo- subjects in ecosystem research. The degree of the plankton time-series 1974 to 2004 is a high frequency understanding of such processes is expressed in analyt- (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday), fixed position ical and operative models predicting changes in abun- monitoring and research programme. The distance to dance distributions. The rules of change concern the coastline reduces terrestrial and anthropological physicochemical forcing, physiological response mecha- disturbances and permits the use of Helgoland Roads nisms and trophodynamic processes. Significant time- data as indicators of the surrounding German Bight scales can cover several orders of magnitude. Therefore, plankton populations. The sampling, determination and causal time-series analysis has to rely on data sets from IT methodologies are given, as well as examples of an- various sources. While experimental time-series may nual succession, and inter-annual population dynamics operate informatively on less complex systems (e.g. of resident and immigrant populations. Special attention Greve 1995a), in situ time-series are real and their doc- is given to the phenology and seasonality of zooplank- umentation and analysis are most important (Perry et al.
    [Show full text]
  • David López Escardó
    Unveiling new molecular Opisthokonta diversity: A perspective from evolutionary genomics David López Escardó TESI DOCTORAL UPF / ANY 2017 DIRECTOR DE LA TESI Dr. Iñaki Ruiz Trillo DEPARTAMENT DE CIÈNCIES EXPERIMENTALS I DE LA SALUT ii Acknowledgements: Aquesta tesi va començar el dia que, mirant grups on poguer fer el projecte de màster, vaig trobar la web d'un grup de recerca que treballaven amb uns microorganismes, desconeguts per mi en aquell moment, per entendre l'origen dels animals. Tres o quatre assignatures de micro a la carrera, i cap d'elles tractava a fons amb protistes i menys els parents unicel·lulars dels animals. En fi, "Bitxos" raros, origen dels animals... em va semblar interessant. Així que em vaig presentar al despatx del Iñaki vestit amb el tratge de comercial de Tecnocasa, per veure si podia fer les pràctiques del Màster amb ells. El primer que vaig volguer remarcar durant l'entrevista és que no pretenia anar amb tratge a la feina, que no es pensés que jo de normal vaig tan seriós... Sigui com sigui, després de rumiar-s'ho, em va dir que endavant i em va emplaçar a fer una posterior entrevista amb els diferents membres del lab perquè tries un projecte de màster. Per tant, aquí el meu primer agraïment i molt gran, al Iñaki, per permetre'm, no només fer el màster, sinó també permetre'm fer aquesta tesis al seu laboratori. També per la llibertat alhora de triar projectes i per donar-li al MCG un ambient cordial on hi dóna gust treballar. Gràcies, doncs, per deixar-me entrar al món científic per la porta de la protistologia, la genòmica i l'evolució, que de ben segur m'acompanyaran sempre.
    [Show full text]
  • CTENOPHORA Comb Jellies
    THREE Phylum CTENOPHORA comb jellies HERMES MIANZAN, ELLIOT W. Dawson, CLAUDIA E. MILLS tenophores have been described as the most beautiful, delicate, seem- ingly innocent yet most voracious, sinister and destructive of plankton Corganisms. They are exclusively marine, are found in all oceans at all depths, have many different shapes, and range in size from a few millimetres diameter to two metres long. They are mostly planktonic, but one order is bottom- dwelling with a creeping mode of existence. The planktonic forms are stunningly beautiful, diaphanous creatures, flashing iridescence as their comb-like cilia plates catch the light. Their bodies are soft, fragile, gelatinous. The phylum is small and well defined, with about 150 species worldwide (Mills 2008). Like the Cnidaria, they are radiate animals and at one time the two phyla were linked together as the Coelenterata. Ctenophoran symmetry is biradial and the general body plan somewhat more complicated than that of Cnidaria (Harbison & Madin 1982; Mills & Miller 1984; Harbison 1985). The two phyla are now thought to be only very distantly related. Recent evidence from ribosomal RNA sequencing shows that the Ctenophora lie close to the Porifera as the second-most-basic group of the Metazoa (Bridge et al. 1995; Collins 1998; Podar et al. 2001). Similarity in body form between pelagic ctenophores and medusae is a phenomenon of convergence. Ctenophores (literally, comb bearers) are named for their eight symmetrical tracks (comb rows) of fused ciliary plates (ctenes) on the body surface (Hernán- dez-Nicaise & Franc 1993). These constitute the locomotory apparatus that Leucothea sp. characterises the group.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography Does the Invasive Predator Mnemiopsis Leidyi A
    ISSN: 2642-9020 Research Article Journal of Marine Science Research and Oceanography Does the Invasive Predator Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1868 Control Copepod Abundances in the Seine Estuary? Jean-Philippe Pezy1*, Aurore Raoux1 and Jean-Claude Dauvin1 1 Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire *Corresponding author Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS UMR Jean-Philippe Pezy, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Laboratoire 6143M2C, 24 rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière, CNRS UMR 6143M2C, 24 rue des Tilleuls, 14000 Caen, France Submitted: 16 March 2021; Accepted: 19 March 2021; Published: 01Apr 2021 Citation: Jean-Philippe Pezy, Aurore Raoux, Jean-Claude Dauvin (2021) Does the Invasive Predator Mnemiopsis Leidyi A. Agassiz, 1868 Control Copepod Abundances in the Seine Estuary? J Mari Scie Res Ocean, 4(1) : 172-180. Abstract The indigenous ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus (O.F. Müller, 1776) was common in the coastal waters of the English Channel in the early 1990s and showed very abundant populations in the downstream part of the Seine estuary. In 2005, the non-indigenous ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1868, a species native to the Western Atlantic, was reported for the first time in Europe in Norwegian fjords and in Le Havre harbour (Seine estuary, France). More recently, in 2017, both Pleurobrachia pileus and Mnemiopsis leidyi were recorded during suprabenthos and zooplankton sampling in the Seine estuary along a downstream-upstream transect. Both species show more abundant populations in May than in September. Conversely, copepods show a spatial distribution depending on the ctenophore distribution, with low copepod abundances in the downstream part of the estuary being associated with high ctenophore abundances, while high copepod abundances are recorded where ctenophores are absent or display low abundances.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Ctenophores in the Sundarban Mangroves, Northern Indian Ocean
    Rec. zool. Surv. India: Vol. 120(2)/133-140, 2020 ISSN (Online) : 2581-8686 DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v120/i2/2020/144245 ISSN (Print) : 0375-1511 Diversity of Ctenophores in the Sundarban Mangroves, Northern Indian Ocean Jasmine Purushothaman*, Alfisa Siddique, Aishee Bhowal and Kailash Chandra Zoological Survey of India, Protozoology Section, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata – 700053; Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Four species of ctenophore viz., Pleurobrachia globosa Moser, 1903; Pleurobrachia pileus (O. F. Müller, 1776); Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789 and Beroe gracilis Künne, 1939 were collected from the mangrove estuarine waters of Sundarban during winter monsoon survey conducted in January 2018. Of these species, Beroe gracilis Künne, 1939 is a new record from Bay of Bengal, Northern Indian Ocean. Pleurobrachia pileus was found to cause a swarm in Sundarban waters. The present study provides the description and distribution of four ctenophore species recorded in the study area. Keywords: Bay of Bengal, Ctenophora, Beroe gracilis, Beroe ovata, Pleurobrachia pileus, Pleurobrachia globosa Introduction from Indian waters (Venkatraman & Raghunathan, 2015; Venkatraman & Wafar, 2005), with P. globosa being the Gelatinous zooplankters are a diverse group of organisms only species reported from Sundarban coastal waters. that are often active, swarming predators in the marine This paper presents the detailed description of all the pelagic ecosystem (Harbison et al., 1978; Oliveira et al., ctenophore species recorded from Sundarbans with the 2014; Purcell, 2005). Jellyfishes and ctenophores are the hydrographical observations and also provides the first two major groups of gelatinous zooplankton (Madin record of Beroe gracilis from the northern coastal waters & Harbison, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Species–Specific Crab Predation on the Hydrozoan Clinging Jellyfish Gonionemus Sp
    Species–specific crab predation on the hydrozoan clinging jellyfish Gonionemus sp. (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), subsequent crab mortality, and possible ecological consequences Mary R. Carman1, David W. Grunden2 and Annette F. Govindarajan1 1 Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States of America 2 Town of Oak Bluffs Shellfish Department, Oak Bluffs, MA, United States of America ABSTRACT Here we report a unique trophic interaction between the cryptogenic and sometimes highly toxic hydrozoan clinging jellyfish Gonionemus sp. and the spider crab Libinia dubia. We assessed species–specific predation on the Gonionemus medusae by crabs found in eelgrass meadows in Massachusetts, USA. The native spider crab species L. dubia consumed Gonionemus medusae, often enthusiastically, but the invasive green crab Carcinus maenus avoided consumption in all trials. One out of two blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) also consumed Gonionemus, but this species was too rare in our study system to evaluate further. Libinia crabs could consume up to 30 jellyfish, which was the maximum jellyfish density treatment in our experiments, over a 24-hour period. Gonionemus consumption was associated with Libinia mortality. Spider crab mortality increased with Gonionemus consumption, and 100% of spider crabs tested died within 24 h of consuming jellyfish in our maximum jellyfish density containers. As the numbers of Gonionemus medusae used in our experiments likely underestimate the number of medusae that could be encountered by spider crabs over a 24-hour period in the field, we expect that Gonionemus may be having a negative effect on natural Submitted 16 August 2017 Libinia populations. Furthermore, given that Libinia overlaps in habitat and resource Accepted 6 October 2017 use with Carcinus, which avoids Gonionemus consumption, Carcinus populations could Published 26 October 2017 be indirectly benefiting from this unusual crab–jellyfish trophic relationship.
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic Invertebrate Species of the Hudson-Raritan Estuary
    BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE SPECIES OF THE HUDSON-RARITAN ESTUARY SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME Phylum:Rhynchocoela (Unsegmented Worms) Cerebratulus lacteus Milky Ribbon Worm Phylum:Annelida (Segmented Worms) Class Polychaeta Glycera spp. * Blood Worms Clymenella torquata * Bamboo Worm Nereis spp. Clam worms Pectinaria gouldii Trumpet Worm Sabella microphthalma Fan Worm Saebellaria vulgaris Sand Builder Worm Capitella capitata Capitellid Thread Worm Nephtys spp. Red Lined Worms Heteromastus filiformis Asabellides oculata Ampharete Worms Phylum: Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Oysters, Mussels and Scallops) Class Gastropoda (univalves) Littorina littorea Common Periwinkle Melampus bidentatus * Common Marsh Snail Busycon carica Knobbed Welk ’ Busycon canaliculatum Channeled Welk _ Urosalpinx cinerea Atlantic Oyster Drill Eupleura caudata Thick-lipped Oyster Drill Nassarius obsoleta * Mud Snail Nassarius trivittatus Three-Lined Basket Shell Lunatia heros * Northern Moon Snail Polinices duplicatus * Lobed Moon Snail. Anomia simplex Jingle Shell Crepidula fornicata * Common Slipper Shell Crepidula plana Eastern White Slipper Shell Class Bivalvia (bivalves) Anadara ovalis Blood Ark Anadara transversa Transverse Ark Astarte castanea Chestnut Astarte Mulinia lateralis Dwarf Surf Clam Spisula solidissima Atlantic Surf Clam Mya arenaria * Soft Shelled Clam Modiolus demissus * Ribbed Mussel Mytilus edulis * Blue Mussel Crassostrea virginica Eastern Oyster Aequipecten irradians Bay Scallop Class Bivalvia cont, Placopecten magellanicus Sea Scallop Petricola pholadiformis
    [Show full text]