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Language in the USA
This page intentionally left blank Language in the USA This textbook provides a comprehensive survey of current language issues in the USA. Through a series of specially commissioned chapters by lead- ing scholars, it explores the nature of language variation in the United States and its social, historical, and political significance. Part 1, “American English,” explores the history and distinctiveness of American English, as well as looking at regional and social varieties, African American Vernacular English, and the Dictionary of American Regional English. Part 2, “Other language varieties,” looks at Creole and Native American languages, Spanish, American Sign Language, Asian American varieties, multilingualism, linguistic diversity, and English acquisition. Part 3, “The sociolinguistic situation,” includes chapters on attitudes to language, ideology and prejudice, language and education, adolescent language, slang, Hip Hop Nation Language, the language of cyberspace, doctor–patient communication, language and identity in liter- ature, and how language relates to gender and sexuality. It also explores recent issues such as the Ebonics controversy, the Bilingual Education debate, and the English-Only movement. Clear, accessible, and broad in its coverage, Language in the USA will be welcomed by students across the disciplines of English, Linguistics, Communication Studies, American Studies and Popular Culture, as well as anyone interested more generally in language and related issues. edward finegan is Professor of Linguistics and Law at the Uni- versity of Southern California. He has published articles in a variety of journals, and his previous books include Attitudes toward English Usage (1980), Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Register (co-edited with Douglas Biber, 1994), and Language: Its Structure and Use, 4th edn. -
Warren V. the Stop & Shop Supermarket Company
Case 7:20-cv-08718 Document 1 Filed 10/19/20 Page 1 of 17 Sheehan & Associates, P.C. Spencer Sheehan 60 Cuttermill Rd Ste 409 Great Neck NY 11021 Tel: (516) 268-7080 Fax: (516) 234-7800 [email protected] United States District Court Southern District of New York 7:20-cv-08718 Kari Warren, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, Plaintiff, - against - Class Action Complaint The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company LLC, Defendant Plaintiff by attorneys alleges upon information and belief, except for allegations pertaining to plaintiff, which are based on personal knowledge: 1. The Stop & Shop Supermarket Company LLC (“defendant”) manufactures, distributes, markets, labels and sells graham crackers purporting to be sweetened primarily with honey and containing a predominant amount of whole grain graham flour under their Stop and Shop brand (“Products”). 2. The Products are available to consumers from defendant's retail stores and their online ordering services and are sold in boxes of 14.4 OZ (408g). 3. The relevant representations include “Graham Crackers,” “Honey,” dark brown crackers, a honey dipper and copious amounts of honey on top of the crackers. 1 Case 7:20-cv-08718 Document 1 Filed 10/19/20 Page 2 of 17 4. The representations are misleading because despite the touted presence of honey and whole grain graham flour, the amount of these ingredients is less than consumers expect. 5. The Product’s representations convey that honey is the exclusive, primary and/or most significant sweetener in the Products. 6. However, the Product is sweetened primarily with sugar and contains only a miniscule amount of honey. -
Trendscape Report, Highlighting What Campbell’S Global Team of Chefs and Bakers See As the Most Dynamic Food Trends to Watch
Insights for Innovation and Inspiration from Thomas W. Griffiths, CMC Vice President, Campbell’s Culinary & Baking Institute (CCBI) Last year we published our first-ever Culinary TrendScape report, highlighting what Campbell’s global team of chefs and bakers see as the most dynamic food trends to watch. The response has been exceptional. The conversations that have taken place over the past year amongst our food industry friends and colleagues have been extremely rewarding. It has also been quite a thrill to see this trend-monitoring program take on a life of its own here at Campbell. Staying on the pulse of evolving tastes is inspiring our culinary team’s day-to- day work, driving us to lead innovation across company-wide business platforms. Most importantly, it is helping us translate trends into mealtime solutions that are meaningful for life’s real PICS moments. It’s livening up our lunch break conversations, too! TO OT H These themes are This 2015 Culinary TrendScape report offers a look at the year’s ten most exciting North 15 the driving force 0 American trends we’ve identified, from Filipino Flavors to Chile Peppers. Once again, 2 behind this year’s top trends we’ve developed a report that reflects our unique point of view, drawing on the expertise of our team, engaging culinary influencers and learning from trusted Authenticity industry partners. Changing Marketplace Just like last year, we took a look at overarching themes—hot topics—that are shaping Conscious Connections the ever-changing culinary landscape. The continued cultural transformation of retail Distinctive Flavors markets and restaurants catering to changing consumer tastes is clearly evident Elevated Simplicity throughout this year’s report. -
The Art and Science of Baking Ingredients, Techniques, and Recipes for Successful Baking in Your Kitchen
How to Bake The Art and Science of Baking Ingredients, techniques, and recipes for successful baking in your kitchen. DENNIS WEAVER How to Bake The Art and Science of Baking Ingredients, techniques, and recipes for successful baking in your kitchen. Dennis Weaver How to Bake The Art and Science of Baking Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2019 The Prepared Pantry. All rights reserved. Photographs by The Prepared Pantry. Used by permission. The material herein is published by The Prepared Pantry for the private use of individuals and may not be used for commercial purposes without the express consent of the publisher. The information contained herein is believed accurate but the publisher makes no warranties, express or implied, and the recipient is using this information at his or her own risk. For permission to use any material from any part of this book including subsequent chapters for commercial purposes, contact the publisher at: The Prepared Pantry www.preparedpantry.com 2 N. Landmark Lane Rigby, ID 83442 1-208-745-7892 Contents Preface Introduction Chapter 1 Flour—the Basic Ingredient and How to Use it for the Best Baked Goods Chapter 2 The Wonderful World of Eggs Chapter 3 How to Make Bread and Pastries with Yeast Chapter 4 The Secrets of Using Chemical Leaveners—Baking Powder and Baking Soda Chapter 5 Fresh from the Dairy—Dairy Products and How to Use Them Chapter 6 Butter, Shortening, and Oil—The Fats We Bake With Chapter 7 How Sweet it is—How to Use the Family of Sweeteners Chapter 8 Chocolate! How to Make the Best Desserts Preface This fifth edition is expanded from the earlier four editions. -
Bread Pudding-Nyt2009
As Published: January 27, 2009 FEED ME By ALEX WITCHEL Luxury Takes a Page From Frugality JELLY DOUGHNUT PUDDING RECIPE Adapted from Eli Zabar Time: About 2 1/2 hours Ingredients: 1. Heat oven to 325 degrees. Fill a kettle with water and 3 1/2 cups heavy place over high heat to bring to a boil. In a large mixing bowl, combine cream, milk, 1 1/2 cups sugar, eggs, egg yolks and cream, at room vanilla. Whisk to blend. temperature 2. Using a serrated knife, gently slice doughnuts from top to 1 1/2 cups whole milk, bottom in 1/4-inch slices. Butter a 9-by-12-inch baking pan at room temperature and sprinkle with 1 tablespoon sugar. Pour about 1/2 inch of the cream mixture into pan. Arrange a layer of sliced dough- nuts in pan, overlapping them slightly. Top with another layer, 1 1/2 cups plus pressing them down slightly to moisten them. Top with a 2 tablespoons sugar small amount of cream mixture. 8 large eggs 3. Arrange 2 more layers of sliced doughnuts, and pour remaining liquid evenly over top. Press down gently to mois- ten. Sprinkle with remaining 1 tablespoon sugar. Cover pan 4 large egg yolks tightly with foil, and place in a larger pan. Fill larger pan with boiling water until three-quarters up the side of pudding pan. 1 tablespoon vanilla extract 4. Bake for 1 hour 50 minutes. Remove foil and continue to bake until top is golden brown, about 15 minutes. Turn off oven, open door slightly, and leave in oven for an additional AN AFTERLIFE 14 jelly doughnuts, Unsold jelly donuts become a pudding at Eli’s Manhattan 10 minutes. -
Grains – Finding All the Answers
Grains – Finding All the Answers Linda Stull School Nutrition Programs August 2014 GRAINS 2 Grain Requirements for the NSLP and SBP: USDA Memo SP 30-2012 Addresses the new implementation of “ounce equivalencies” (oz eq) in the school meal programs and defines “whole grain-rich” (WGR) Quantities of grains are based on ounce equivalencies in a manner that is consistent with the DGAs and MyPlate food guidance system Beginning July 1, 2013, all grains must be credited using “oz eq” method 3 Ounce Equivalencies Calculating Ounce Equivalencies Can credit ounce equivalencies based on: ◦ 1) ounce weights listed in SP 30-2012 & updated Exhibit A ◦ 2) grams of creditable grain in each product portion Documented by standardized recipe Product formulation statement signed by manufacturer 6 Ounce Equivalent Standards Grain products must be credited using the oz eq method ◦ Baked goods - 16 grams of creditable grain to provide 1 oz eq credit . Breads . Biscuits . Bagels ◦ Cereal grains - 28 grams (approximately 1.0 ounce by weight) of dry product, the cooked volume equivalent is ½ cup cooked . Oatmeal . Pasta . Brown rice ◦ Ready-to-eat cereal - 28 grams or 1.0 ounce of product is considered an ounce equivalent . 1 cup of flakes or rounds . 1 ¼ cups puffed cereal . ¼ cup granola 8 Comparing the Two Methods of Calculating Ounce Equivalencies 11 12 Whole Grain-Rich Criteria Beginning SY 2014-15, all grains served must be whole grain-rich ◦ Lunch ◦ Breakfast 18 What is a Whole Grain? Whole Grain-Rich vs Whole Grain SY 2014-2015: All grains must be whole grain-rich (not 100% whole grain) ◦ Whole grain-rich = At least 50% whole grain and rest of product/blend must be enriched refined flour What Foods Meet Whole Grain-Rich Criteria? Contain 100% whole grain OR Contain a blend of whole-grain meal and/or flour and enriched meal and/or flour of which at least 50% is whole grain. -
Historic, Archived Document Do Not Assume Content Reflects Current
Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. 1253 * Issued April 15,191G. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. FARMERS' BULLETIN 389. BREAD AND BREAD MAKING. BY HELKN W. ATWJ^Tl&R. PREPARED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS. JV. C. TRXJE^, Director. WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE-. 1910. LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS, Washington, D. Ö., January 31, 1910. SIR: I have the honor to transmit herewith an article on Bread and Bread Making, prepared by Miss Helen W. Atwater in accordance with instructions given by the Director of this Office. In preparing this bul- letin Miss Atwater has consulted the available sources of information, including standard works on the subject, as well as the reports of investi- gations relating to bread and bread making which have been conducted under the auspices of this Office, especially those carried on under the supervision of Director C. D. Woods, of the Maine Agricultural Ex- periment Station, and by Prof. Harry Snyder, at the Minnesota Ag- ricultural Experiment Station. Perhaps no topic connected with the subject of human food is of more general interest than bread, and no crops are more important to the farmer than the bread-yielding cereals. This bulletin, which summarizes the most recent information on the use of cereals for bread making, is believed to be useful and timely, and its publication as a Farmers' Bulletin is therefore recommended. It is designed to supersede Farmers' Bulletin No. 112, bearing a similar title and issued in 1900. -
Use of Wheat Flour Substittutes in Baking
USE OF WHEAT FLOUR SUBSTITTUTES IN BAKING HANNAH L. WESSLING Specialist in Home Demonstration Work Office of Extension Work South In cooperation with the Office of Home Economics FARMERS' BULLETIN 955 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Contribution from the States Relations Service A. C. TRUE, Director Washington, D. G. March, 1918 Show this bulletin to a neighbor. Additional copies may be obtained free from the Division of Publications, United States Department of Agriculture WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 101« TO CONSERVE wheat is not a hardship to the American people. With abundant crops of corn, rice, potatoes, oats, barley, buckwheat, kafir, milo, feterita, peas, beans, peanuts, etc., any one of which may be used in larger or smaller amounts in place of wheat flour, there is no danger of hun- ger or a lack of bread. Every housewife, there- fore, is urged to use some substitute for part of the wheat flour in whatever bread, biscuits, muffins, pastry, etc., she prepares, thereby joining the ranks of those who are helping to win the war. Such breads will have even greater nutritive value than if made from flour alone. In fact, many believe that for food purposes a mixture of different grains is better than one kind alone. In using wheat sub- stitutes, therefore, locally grown products should be used as far as possible. All unnecessary ship- ment of materials should be avoided, so that trans- portation facilities may be reserved to the greatest degree for the needs of our soldiers and essential war business. Furthermore, almost every section of our country produces in abundance some crop other than wheat, and to market this at home rather than at a distance would prove an economic benefit to such localities. -
Holiday Dinner 2016
HOLIDAY DINNER 2016 ORDER DEPARTMENT: CUSTOMER NAME: Tel 212.717.8100 ext. 9 ___________________________ Fax 212.876.9421 DATE: ________ DAY: ________ www.elizabar.com # OF PEOPLE: ______ EMAIL CONFIRMATION: __________________________ ITEM AMOUNT QUANTITY Free-Range Roasted Turkey ___14–16 lb. ___22–24 lb. $125/$165 each Whole Boneless Fresh Turkey Breast (approx 3 lb) ___ breast $90 each Rolled & Spit-Roasted Turkey Breast with Herbs approx. ___3 lb. ___6 lb. $90/$180 each Sliced Fresh Turkey Breast ___ lb $45 pound Fresh Turkey Gravy ___ pt $18 pint Giblet Gravy ___ pt $18 pint Whole Roast Capon (Serves 4—6) ___ ea $49 each Orange Glazed Cornish Hen ___ ea $14.95 each Whole Glazed Baked Ham (5 lb. Minimum) ___ lb $30 pound Sliced Glazed Baked Ham ___ lb $30 pound Filet of Beef ___ lb $75 pound Beef Wellington (2 lb. Minimum) ___ lb $75 pound Sliced Brisket of Beef ___ lb $45 pound Brisket Gravy ___ pt $16 pint Herb and Garlic Crusted Leg of Lamb ___ ea $150 each Crown Roast of Pork w/Cornbread and Dried Fruit Stuffing ___ ea $150 each Pumpkin and Butternut Squash Soup ___ qt $18 quart Eli’s Traditional Bread Stuffing ___ lb $14.95 pound Mushroom and Carmelized Onion Stuffing ___ lb $16.95 pound Cornbread Stuffing with Dried Fruit ___ lb $16.95 pound Corn Pudding ___ lb $18.00 pound Fresh Cranberry Sauce ___ pt $14.95 pint Mashed Potatoes ___ pt $16 pint Sweet Potato Purée ___ pt $16 pint Celery Root and Leek Purée ___ pt $14 pint Sage Roasted Beets ___ pt $16 pint Herb Roasted Potatoes ___ pt $14 pint Green Beans and Roasted Garlic ___ -
Class-Action Lawsuit
Case 1:20-cv-01291 Document 1 Filed 02/13/20 Page 1 of 20 Sheehan & Associates, P.C. Spencer Sheehan 505 Northern Blvd Ste 311 Great Neck NY 11021-5101 Telephone: (516) 303-0552 Fax: (516) 234-7800 [email protected] United States District Court Southern District of New York 1:20-cv-01291 Chandra Campbell, individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated, Plaintiff, - against - Class Action Complaint Whole Foods Market Group, Inc., Defendant Plaintiff by attorneys alleges upon information and belief, except for allegations pertaining to plaintiff, which are based on personal knowledge: 1. Whole Foods Market Group, Inc. (“defendant”) manufactures, distributes, markets, labels and sells graham crackers purporting to be sweetened primarily with honey and containing a predominant amount of whole grain graham flour under their Organic 365 brand (“Products”). 2. The Products are available to consumers from defendant's retail stores and Amazon.com and are sold in boxes of 14.4 OZ (408g). 3. The relevant front and identical back representations include “Honey Graham Crackers,” “Organic,” golden brown crackers and a honey dipper resting in a bowl of honey. 1 Case 1:20-cv-01291 Document 1 Filed 02/13/20 Page 2 of 20 4. The Product’s side panel contains the Nutrition Facts and ingredient list. 5. The representations are misleading because though the Products are misrepresented as containing more honey and whole grain flour than sugar and non-whole grain flour. 2 Case 1:20-cv-01291 Document 1 Filed 02/13/20 Page 3 of 20 I. Honey is Misrepresented as Main Sweetener 6. -
Sufganiyot by Rebekah Maccaby (December, 2020) This Recipe Makes a Square, More Beignet-Like Pastry Than a Jelly Doughnut One Might Get at Dunkin Donuts
Sufganiyot by Rebekah Maccaby (December, 2020) This recipe makes a square, more beignet-like pastry than a jelly doughnut one might get at Dunkin Donuts. After the main recipe is a list of ingredients and extra directions to make a gluten-free version. The dough has very little sugar in it, so by using sugar-free filing, one can make a version suitable for diabetics. The recipe here is dairy, but there are notes on how to make it parve. Ingredients regular half-recipe (works, but ¼ recipe doesn’t) o 2 packets quick-rise yeast (1 packet) o 4 tablespoons sugar (2 tbsp) o ½ c. 2% milk (1/4 c.) (use ½ c. cashew/almond milk for parve*) heated according to directions on yeast o ¼ c. whole wheat pastry flour (2 tbsp.) o 1 ½ c. bleached** all-purpose flour (3/4 c.) o 1 ½ c. white pastry flour (3/4 c.) o ½ c. almond flour (1/4 c.) o ¼ tsp cream of tartar (1/8 tsp) o ½ tsp baking powder (1/4 tsp) o ½ tsp salt (1/4 tsp) o 1 tsp ground cinnamon (1/2 tsp) o 2 tsp vanilla (1 tsp) o 2 whole eggs, separated + 2 whites (1 egg, separated + 1 white) at room temp** ** o 1 tsp apple cider vinegar*** (1/2 tsp) o 4 tablespoons (1/2 stick) butter (2 tbsps.) or pareve margarine, at room temp**** o Fillings (fruit, or icing; see notes) o Powdered Sugar o Vegetable oil for deep-frying (rice bran oil works best—you want a high-temp oil) *soy milk “works,” but has an odd taste. -
Make Half Your Grains Whole Whole Grains Store Tour
Make Half Your Grains Whole Whole Grains Store Tour Leader’s Guide Whole Grains Month is September – and it’s the perfect time to open your customers’ eyes to the health benefits of whole grains, while making them aware of the many whole grain choices available in your store. Here’s what we suggest: 1. Publicize your event, with instore signage and community notices. 2. Start with a brief “classroom” overview of whole grains. 3. Take participants on an aisle-by-aisle tour of your store. 4. End with a brief tasting session, to show how delicious whole grains can be. 5. Provide handouts, samples, and coupons to participants as they leave. This Whole Grains Store Tour kit includes everything you need to plan and carry out a successful Whole Grains Store Tour to celebrate Whole Grains Month. What’s in this Kit? ➺ Leader’s Guide, with suggested tips, ideas and scripts for your event ➺ Instore signage you can customize, print, and post in your store ➺ Signup sheet so you’ll know who plans to take part ➺ Sample publicity release to customize and send to local radio, TV, and newspapers ➺ Whole Grains 101 PowerPoint presentation with background notes ➺ Reference for Label Reading with common terms related to whole grains ➺ An aisle-by-aisle Shopping List, which doubles as your tour itinerary ➺ Ideas for instore sampling & tasting of whole grains ➺ Whole Grains Fact Sheet (in English and in Spanish) to hand out at your event ➺ Recipe Pack But wait! There’s more on our website… We’ve included the basics in one handy kit.