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86 Proceedings of the Society, December 14, 1931. Lesmoir

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86 Proceedings of the Society, December 14, 1931. Lesmoir 86 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , DECEMBE , 1931R14 . IV. LESMOIR CASTLE AND THE CHURCH OP ESSIE: WITH SOME FURTHER NOTE AUCHINDOIRN SO WY B . .DOUGLA S SIMPSON, M.A., D.LiTT., P.S.A.ScoT. The following paper will giv n accoun a e associate th f o t d church and castle site at Lesmoir, in the Aberdeenshire parish of Rhynie; and will also include some additional materials which I have gleaned since e publicatioth y pape m n " o f Crairo n e gKir th f Castlo kd an e Auchindoir Proceedings,n "i vol. Ixiv . 48-96pp . In that paper I pointed out the early importance of the Essie site on one of the ancient highways (see Map, fig. 1) leading through the hills fror intmoMa Moray d explaine doubo an n , e s thith w t wa sho d e placth reaso y e becamwh n e defeae scen th th d edeat f an o ef t o h Macbeth's stepson, Lulach the Fatuous, on 19th March 1058:— " Fata viri fuerant in Strathbolgyne apud Esseg : Heu! incautesic miserHex occubuit." 1 e paralle case th f th A eo n si l road from Auchindoir intCabrache oth o s , also the great antiquity of the Rhynie-Essie road is revealed by the archaeological remains with which it is associated (see Key-map, fig. 2). The cup-marked stones at Scurdargue,2 the cup-marked stones and the two earth-houses at Balhinny, the earth-house in Glencoe, the large assemblag f cairno e t Milduan,a s varioud 3an s prehistoric burials found e roadalon th e lin f ,gth o e prov e thae valle th s fullt wa yy inhabited in early times; nor must we forget that the whole series of ancient roads in the district is dominated by the great vitrified fort on the Tap o' Noth. formey A m I spointe n i r t paperdou e introductioth , f Christianito n y in these parts seems to have been effected by St Moluag from Lismore, e lateinth r sixth century nams hi , e being associated wit e sithth e still know s Clochmaloona , Moluag' se soutStoneth n he Tapo ,flan th f :o k the former presence of a sculptured cross seems to be vouched for by name th e Corsehill, wes f Milltowo t f Noth.no 4 Abou mila t e south-east of Essie Churc a far s hi m called Templand, knowseventeente th n ni h 1 Wyntouu, Original Chronicle, ed. F. J. Amours, vol. iv. p. 305. 2 Proceedings, vol. xvi . 343-5.pp . r JameD e s3Se Macdonald, Place Names n Strathbogie,i . 253pp , 265, 274-8e O.Sp Th .Ma . (Aberdeenshire, 6-inch, Shee N.B., t42 ) mark sitee s th burialf so t Maidesa n Hillock, south-wesf o t Lesmoir, and at Brae of Essie. * Ibid., . 253p . LESMOI RE CHURC CASTLTH D F ESSIEHO AN E . 87 century as the Temple-lands or Templar-lands of Essie;1 this was anciently propertya Knighte th f o s Templar. Ther alss ochapea ewa l sitt ea (ST QK03TAN) ML3.10 S f O 3 ML*. : I I I I I I I I I I Earle th f yFigo Routep . 1Ma . s frointr moMa Moray' . (NOTE.—Mattes are indicated by a dot; stone castles by a circled dot; churches by a circled cross.) Chapel Cairn, near Finglenny westere th n i , n portio glen:e th f no 2 near 1 " Temple-lands of Essie," 1600, see The House of Gordon, ed. J. M. Bulloch, vol. ii. p. 191 (39) (for the pagination, see infra, p. 90, note 1); "Terras templariae of Essie and Fuilyiement" (Wheedlemont, see Proceedings, vol. Ixiv. p. 53), 1610—Registrum Magni Sigilli, 1609-20, No. 337. 2 Macdonald, op. cit., p. 259. 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1931. to this is Bell-hillock, the mound on which the chapel bell was hung from a tree, as at Khynie, Kildrummy, and other places.1 Essie appears first as a separate parish, with its own church and church lands e fifteent1227;n i ,th n i 2 h centur s fo tima rwa t eyi con- joined with Rhynie, but early in the following century it had again become FINGLE NNY CHAPEL CAIRN CAIRN OF MILDLJAvN D MERDRUOL M ' MOTO P HTA -CLOCHMALOO NEW MERDRUM ^•WMC.rjta^A, GLETNCOE BRAE OF \ MAINS OF LESMOJR 3CURDARQ • • ^tcicr \* • eCALLOWS MAIDEN HILL HILLOCK NICE.L 5. COWAN. D EL. DECEMBER. 1931. Fig. 2. Lesmoir Castle : Key-map. a separate charge. Between 1536 and 1544 Master William Gordoune, parso r rectono f Essierecordn o ro s i , —he having doubtless beena member of the 3 Lesmoir family. The topographical phenomena are the same as those found at Auchindoir, pointing clearly to the organisation manoa oparisf a f o t rh ou durin Anglo-Normae gth n penetratioe th n ni twelfth or early thirteenth century. As at Auchindoir, church and castle foune ar d sid sidey t eb wherea bu : t Auchindoira s , whe e Gordonnth s Macdonald cit.,. Castle. 270e op , p Th : y c/ om . f Kildrummy, . 273p . 21 Registrum Episcopatus Moraviensis,. 22 . p Macdonald, op. cit., p. 271; Records of Aboyne, p. 68. 3 LESMOIR CASTLE AND THE CHURCH OF ESSIE. 89 arrivee sixteentth n i d h century, they rehoused themselves highep u r the glen,1 the Lesmoir branch of the family adhered to the old Norman site. The genealogical table which Dr J. M. Bulloch contributed to our Proceedings'* in his account of the family of Craig shows how the common ancesto e Gordonth f f o Lesmoi rf o Craio s d s "gan Joc wa r k of Scurdargue, o settlewh " d her ee fifteentth earl n i y h century. Scurdargu a larg s ei e farm immediately eas f Essit thero o t n bu e: s e i trac r recoreo castla f do r mano eo r house ever having existee th n do spot, and I agree with the late Dr James Macdonald in his opinion that the residence of Jock of Scurdargue was the early manorial centre at Lesmoir, as he is frequently referred to as the laird of " Essie and Scordarg."3 Lesmoi f courseo , e liosis rth , mor f Essieo g e "bi th , fortified enclosure"—a name doubtless applied by the Celtic inhabitants to the early Norman castle. In a retour of 1642 it is specifically stated that Lesmoir was the manor place of the lands of Essie. Moreover, e Balbithath . recordnMS s that Joc f Scurdarguo k e himself "dyen di 4 s interre e Kirwa th f EssEssy, kd o n di thad yan naturas "an hi t n so l Alexander, ancestor of the Buckie Gordons, as also the latter's son John, were styled f Essy""o thad e formean ;th tburies e th wa r n di church there besid fathers ehi , Jock.5 No record appears to exist of the early Norman or Normanised lords of Essie, to whom the lay-out of the manor with its associated church and castle sites must have been due. But Mr Thomas Innes of Learney, Carrick Pursuivant kindls ha , y draw - attentioy un nm n a o nt published charter, circa 1256-80 whicn .i Kyrktoue hth Essf no grantes yi d by Duncan de Fernyndrach (Frendraught in Formartine) to Archibald, son and heir of the deceased John de Aberkerdour (Aberchirder).6 The 1 An exact parallel to the state of affairs in Auchindoir occurs at Boyne in Banffshire. castlThanedomd e ol Herth £ e eo eth , known Craie asth Boynef go abandones w wa ,ne a d dan castle huilt about a mile up the burn, circa 1580: and here also, precisely as at Auchindoir, the name "Craig of Boyne" was transferred to the later building. See my paper on "Three Banffshire Castles—Boyne, Findlater, and Findochty," printed in Transactions of the Banff- shire Field Club, October 1931, p. 79. 2 Vol. Ixiv. p. 98. 2 Macdonald, op. cit., pp. 255-6. Housee Th . Bulloch f Gordon,o M (67). 9 J . 21 . ,ed . volp . ii . addee ballad b ol y f d"Joce do ma tha th Tarn,d 54t I Ibid.,n kan i t. "57 Lesmoi . volp . i . r seems distinctly to be indicated as the residence of Jock of Scurdargue :— " Joc Scurdarf ko housed gha s grand In Bogie, Mar, and Buchanland, Straloch, Pitlurg Auchindoird ,an , Cairnbarrow, Buckie, and Lesmoir." 6 Mr Innes writes me as follows :— "You will find in the National Library (Hutton Collections, p. 120) an undated charter by Duncanus de Fernyndrach to Archibald Aberkerdour, son and heir of the deceased John de Aberkerdour, of Essy, qua vocatur Kyrktoun. The witnesses are, Sir Gilbert de Glencairnie the father r GilberSi , Glencairnie d t r HenrSi sone Ferendrachd e yed th an , ,e Williamth f o n so , granter of the deed, Peter de Donerdi, and Col ban de Yelgedron. Button's transcript is stated to 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1931. organisatio manoe th parisd f wely no an r hma l e havth eo t beee ndu Frendraughts. How long the Aberchirder family retained an interest in Lesmoir we do not know. The history of their Gordon successors s beeha n exhaustively treate y Captaib d n Douglas Wimberled an y . Bulloch. M e firs . J Th t r lairdD , James Gordon, obtaine a grand t e land1 oth f f Essio s e fros chied hi mkinsmanan f , George, fourth Ear f Huntlyo l , prio o 1537t r n whici , h s i firsyea e th r referred to as "James Gordon of Lesmoir."2 On 8th March 1544 Lord Huntly executed a charter of confirmation, or rather a renewal of his grant, in whic e specifiehar d lande "th f Esso s e wit e crof hth f Auchtleke o t , with the place and houses of Losmoir, and the lands of Balhenne in the barony of Strathbogie." Either Lord Huntly had done some building at Lesmoir Castle befor8 e he handed it over to James Gordon, d markeha s word hi dn coat-of-armsan kow wits hi h r else o , th e new laird had placed upon his castle the heraldic bearings of his feudal superior, for there still exists a fragmentary stone, removed to Druminnor from Lesmoir when it was finally dismantled, which seem o exhibit s e fourte armth th tf o hs Ear f Huntly.o l stone Th e shows a shield surmounte4 d of a plumed helmet and earl's coronet, and charged with heraldic bearing whicf so thire hth d quarter containe sth three fraises tha Huntle th t y Gordons displaye thein do r coat-of-arms: b originacopen a a Kinlose f yo th n i l s papers thiy B sbecom.d datha t ei e rather difficul telo t t l whether territorial designation implies ownershi surnamea r po thinI d tentative k,an th e pedigree Ferendrache oth f s whic hI gav Scottishn ei Notes d Queries,an September 1931, requires some modificatio lighe th furthe f tn o n i r research Essie Th e.
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