Recent Advances in Animal Welfare Science VI
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Epidemiology of Rabies
How to cite: Putra, K. S. A. (2018). Epidemiology of rabies. International Journal of Chemical & Material Sciences, 1(1), 14-24. https://doi.org/10.31295/ijcms.v1n1.4 Epidemiology of Rabies Ketut Santhia Adhy Putra Independent Research of Zoonotic Diseases Ex. coordinator of Virology Laboratory, BBVet Denpasar, Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Jakarta [email protected] / [email protected] Abstract The occurrence of an outbreak of rabies in Bali as a shock to the people and local governments are instantly becoming the world's attention because of Bali as a world tourism destination. Since the first outbreak in the southern peninsula of Bali in November 2008, rabies quickly spread across the districts/municipality, until July 2015 had spread across 54 subdistricts and 263 villages. The proportion of rabies cases in the subdistricts and villages the highest occurred in 2011 is shown 94.7% and 36.7%, respectively, but its spread dropped dramatically in 2013 only occurred in 23 subdistricts (40.4%) and 38 villages (4,2%), though rabies outbreak back by increasing the number and distribution of rabies cases significantly in 2014, spread over 94 villages even until July 2015 spread over 89 villages. Rabies attacks the various breeds of dogs with the proportion of rabies in the local dogs showed the highest (98.44%), as well as the male dog, is very significantly higher than female dogs. By age group, the proportion seen in the age group of 1 to 2 years showed the highest (39.9%). Other animals, such as cats, cows, goats, and pigs have also contracted the rabies infected dog bitesthe. -
Animal Behaviour, Animal Welfare and the Scientific Study of Affect
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 5-2009 Animal Behaviour, Animal Welfare and the Scientific Study of Affect David Fraser University of British Columbia Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/emotio Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Comparative Psychology Commons, and the Other Animal Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Fraser, D. (2009). Animal behaviour, animal welfare and the scientific study of affect. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 118(3), 108-117. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Animal Behaviour, Animal Welfare and the Scientific Study of Affect David Fraser University of British Columbia KEYWORDS animal behaviour, animal welfare, affect, emotion, qualitative research ABSTRACT Many questions about animal welfare involve the affective states of animals (pain, fear, distress) and people look to science to clarify these issues as a basis for practices, policies and standards. However, the science of the mid twentieth century tended to be silent on matters of animal affect for both philosophical and methodological reasons. Philosophically, under the influence of Positivism many scientists considered that the affective states of animals fall outside the scope of science. Certain methodological features of the research also favoured explanations that did not involve affect. The features included the tendency to rely on abstract, quantitative measures rather than description, to use controlled experiments more than naturalistic observation, and to focus on measures of central tendency (means, medians) rather than individual differences. -
Science in the Service of Animal Welfare
Science in the Service of Animal Welfare Universities Federation for Animal Welfare Annual Report 2008-2009 Annual Report The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare The Universities Federation for Animal Welfare, founded in 1926, is an internationally recognised, independent, scientific and educational animal welfare charity concerned with promoting high standards of welfare for farm, companion, laboratory and captive wild animals, and for those animals with which we interact in the wild. It works to improve animals’ lives by: • Promoting and supporting developments in the science and technology that underpin advances in animal welfare • Promoting education in animal care and welfare • Providing information, organising meetings, and publishing books, videos, articles, technical reports and the journal Animal Welfare • Providing expert advice to government departments and other bodies and helping to draft and amend laws and guidelines • Enlisting the energies of animal keepers, scientists, veterinarians, lawyers and others who care about animals Photograph Credits Dr Cathryn Mellersh p3 courtesy of the Animal Health Trust. Broiler p7 courtesy of Louise Buckley. Sheep p9 courtesy of Bluemoondog Pictures. Elephant p9 courtesy of Dr Chris Sherwin. Zoo Outreach p10 courtesy of The Zoo Outreach Organisation. © UFAW 2009. Published by UFAW, The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire AL4 8AN, UK. Tel: +44 1582 831818 Fax: +44 1582 831414 Website: www.ufaw.org.uk Email: [email protected] Printed on NAPM approved recycled paper Science in the Service of Animal Welfare 1 Letter from the Chief Executive’s Chairman Report It gives me great pleasure to Fifty years ago William report another very Russell and Rex Burch’s ‘The successful year for the Principles of Humane charity with many notable Experimental Technique’ achievements, confirmation was published. -
The Effect of Stress on Livestock and Meat Quality Prior to and During Slaughter
WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 1980 The Effect of Stress on Livestock and Meat Quality Prior to and During Slaughter Temple Grandin Grandin Livestock Handling Systems Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/acwp_faafp Part of the Agribusiness Commons, Animal Studies Commons, and the Operations and Supply Chain Management Commons Recommended Citation Grandin, T. (1980). The effect of stress on livestock and meat quality prior to and during slaughter. International Journal for the Study of Animal Problems, 1(5), 313-337. This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REVIEW ARTICLE THE USE OF ANIMALS IN The Effect of Stress on HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY CLASSES AND SCIENCE FAIRS Livestock and Meat Quality Edikd i-!paihP!' ~aw:it> Bril\' rd·.·:.· Prior to and During Slaughter A Temple Grandin* NEW RESOURCE Abstract FOR The effects of stress on cattle, pigs and sheep prior to slaughter are reviewed. Long-term preslaughter stress, such as fighting, cold weather, fasting and transit, BIOLOGY which occurs 12 to 48 hours prior to slaughter depletes muscle glycogen, resulting in meat which has a higher pH, darker color, and is drier. Short-term acute stress, such as excitement or fighting immediately prior to slaughter, produced lactic acid EDUCATION from the breakdown of glycogen. This results in meat which has a lower pH, lighter color, reduced water binding capacity, and is possibly tougher. Psychological stressors, such as excitement and fighting, will often have a more detrimental ef ANIMALS IN EDUCATION explores the scien • What approach to live animal projects fect on meat quality than physical stressors, such as fasting or cold weather. -
Assessing Aquatic Mammal Welfare While Assessing Differing Values and Imperfect Tradeoffs David S
Aquatic Mammals 2018, 44(2), 116-141, DOI 10.1578/AM.44.2.2018.116 Assessing Aquatic Mammal Welfare While Assessing Differing Values and Imperfect Tradeoffs David S. Miller,1 Raymond Anthony,2 and Gail Golab3 1PO Box 2786, Loveland, CO 80539-2786, USA [email protected] 2Department of Philosophy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA 3American Veterinary Medical Association, 1931 N. Meacham Road, Suite 100, Schaumburg, IL 60173-4360, USA Abstract aquatic mammals. Resolution of aquatic mammal welfare challenges ultimately depends upon stake- Assessments of animal welfare can be complex and holders’ personal relationships and a willingness to controversial, including where captive and free- engage in constructive dialogue. This dialogue must ranging aquatic mammal welfare are of concern. be focused on optimally addressing animal needs An assessor’s value preferences, attitudes, personal for a particular set of circumstances by using ani- experience, and societal values are examples of mal-based measures based on the animal’s perspec- factors that inform how animal welfare is evalu- tive rather than the advancement of a set viewpoint. ated. While there is not a single measure of animal welfare that is universally accepted, assessments of Key Words: aquatic mammals, animal welfare, the welfare of aquatic mammals can be fruitful if behavioral indicators, physiological indicators, informed by tried and true standards and indicators. engineering standards, performance standards, Animal welfare is best viewed within context and Five Domains Model, Three Orientations Model, relative to opportunities for improvement, although value system some animal welfare concerns may clearly be dichotomized as “good” or “bad” via animal wel- Introduction fare assessment tools. -
Journal of Animal & Natural Resource
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL & NATURAL RESOURCE LAW Michigan State University College of Law MAY 2019 VOLUME XV The Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law is published annually by law students at Michigan State University College of Law. The Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law received generous support from the Animal Legal Defense Fund and the Michigan State University College of Law. Without their generous support, the Journal would not have been able to publish and host its annual symposium. The Journal also is funded by subscription revenues. Subscription requests and article submissions may be sent to: Professor David Favre, Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law, Michigan State University College of Law, 368 Law College Building, East Lansing MI 48824, or by email to msujanrl@ gmail.com. Current yearly subscription rates are $27.00 in the U.S. and current yearly Internet subscription rates are $27.00. Subscriptions are renewed automatically unless a request for discontinuance is received. Back issues may be obtained from: William S. Hein & Co., Inc., 1285 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14209. The Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law welcomes the submission of articles, book reviews, and notes & comments. Each manuscript must be double spaced, in 12 point, Times New Roman; footnotes must be single spaced, 10 point, Times New Roman. Submissions should be sent to [email protected] using Microsoft Word or PDF format. Submissions should conform closely to the 19th edition of The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. All articles contain a 2019 author copyright unless otherwise noted at beginning of article. Copyright © 2019 by the Journal of Animal & Natural Resource Law, Michigan State University College of Law. -
Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Caution
Perspective Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Caution Jason V. Watters *, Bethany L. Krebs and Caitlin L. Eschmann Wellness and Animal Behavior, San Francisco Zoological Society, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA; [email protected] (B.L.K.); [email protected] (C.L.E.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: An emphasis on ensuring animal welfare is growing in zoo and aquarium associations around the globe. This has led to a focus on measures of welfare outcomes for individual animals. Observations and interpretations of behavior are the most widely used outcome-based measures of animal welfare. They commonly serve as a diagnostic tool from which practitioners make animal welfare decisions and suggest treatments, yet errors in data collection and interpretation can lead to the potential for misdiagnosis. We describe the perils of incorrect welfare diagnoses and common mistakes in applying behavior-based tools. The missteps that can be made in behavioral assessment include mismatches between definitions of animal welfare and collected data, lack of alternative explanations, faulty logic, behavior interpreted out of context, murky assumptions, lack of behavior definitions, and poor justification for assigning a welfare value to a specific behavior. Misdiagnosing the welfare state of an animal has negative consequences. These include continued poor welfare states, inappropriate use of resources, lack of understanding of welfare mechanisms and the perpetuation of the previously mentioned faulty logic throughout the wider scientific community. We provide recommendations for assessing behavior-based welfare tools, and guidance for those developing Citation: Watters, J.V.; Krebs, B.L.; tools and interpreting data. Eschmann, C.L. Assessing Animal Welfare with Behavior: Onward with Keywords: behavioral diagnosis; zoo; behavioral diversity; anticipatory behavior; stereotypy; natural Caution. -
Recent Advances in Animal Welfare Science VII
Recent advances in animal welfare science VII Virtual UFAW Animal Welfare Conference th st 30 June -1 July 2020 #VCUFAW2020 Science in the Service of Animal Welfare Published by: UFAW The Old School, Brewhouse Hill, Wheathampstead, AL4 8AN, UK Tel: +44 (0) 1582 831818; Fax: +44 (0) 1582 831414 Email: [email protected]; Web: www.ufaw.org.uk Registered Charity No 207996 (Registered in England) and Company Limited by Guarantee No 579991 ©UFAW, June 2020 1 Recent advances in animal welfare science VII Virtual UFAW Animal Welfare Conference 30th June – 1st July 2020 Welcome to the Virtual UFAW Conference 2020 Welcome to the 2020 UFAW conference. We are delighted to be welcoming delegates from over 46 countries to this, our first ever online conference. One of the few upsides of the global coronavirus pandemic is that although we have had to cancel our planned symposium which was to be held in Birmingham in the UK we are now able to bring the programme from that meeting to a much larger global audience, albeit in virtual form. The field of animal welfare science is a cross-disciplinary area of study that seeks to offer guidance and find solutions to the challenges raised by our caring for and interactions with both kept and wild animals. As part of its on-going commitment to improving animal welfare through increased scientific understanding of animals’ needs and how these can be met, UFAW is holding the seventh of its series of one day conferences on ‘Recent advances in animal welfare science’. This symposium is intended to provide a platform at which both established animal welfare scientists and early career researchers can discuss their work and a forum for the broader community of scientists, veterinarians and others concerned with animal welfare can share knowledge and practice and discuss advances. -
Fish Sentience Denial: Muddying the Waters
Sneddon, Lynne U.; Lopez-Luna, Javier; Wolfenden, David C.C.; Leach, Matthew C.; Valentim, Ana M.; Steenbergen, Peter J.; Bardine, Nabila; Currie, Amanda D.; Broom, Donald M.; and Brown, Culum (2018) Fish sentience denial: Muddying the waters. Animal Sentience 21(1) DOI: 10.51291/2377-7478.1317 This article has appeared in the journal Animal Sentience, a peer-reviewed journal on animal cognition and feeling. It has been made open access, free for all, by WellBeing International and deposited in the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Sneddon, Lynne U.; Lopez-Luna, Javier; Wolfenden, David C.C.; Leach, Matthew C.; Valentim, Ana M.; Steenbergen, Peter J.; Bardine, Nabila; Currie, Amanda D.; Broom, Donald M.; and Brown, Culum (2018) Fish sentience denial: Muddying the waters. Animal Sentience 21(1) DOI: 10.51291/2377-7478.1317 Authors Lynne U. Sneddon, Javier Lopez-Luna, David C.C. Wolfenden, Matthew C. Leach, Ana M. Valentim, Peter J. Steenbergen, Nabila Bardine, Amanda D. Currie, Donald M. Broom, and Culum Brown This article is available in Animal Sentience: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/ animsent/vol3/iss21/1 Animal Sentience 2018.115: Sneddon et al. on Sentience Denial Call for Commentary: Animal Sentience publishes Open Peer Commentary on all accepted target articles. Target articles are peer-reviewed. Commentaries are editorially reviewed. There are submitted commentaries as well as invited commentaries. Commentaries appear as soon as they have been reviewed, revised and accepted. Target article authors may respond to their commentaries individually or in a joint response to multiple commentaries. Instructions: animalstudiesrepository.org/animsent/guidelines.html Fish sentience denial: Muddying the waters Lynne U. -
Innovative Garments for Preservation of Sheep Landraces in Italy
animals Article New Value to Wool: Innovative Garments for Preservation of Sheep Landraces in Italy Ruggiero Sardaro * and Piermichele La Sala Department of Economics, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Animal landraces are historic local breeds often characterized by low production levels, so that their economic sustainability is often threatened and the risk of extinction is high. In Basilicata, southern Italy, a sheep landrace jeopardized of extinction is Gentile di Puglia. Thus, the study aimed at investigating the feasibility of a possible conservation strategy for such landrace based on the innovative use of its wool for the production of quality garments, so as to give new value to wool and allow further income to farmers. The results highlighted a possible good demand for such products, so as to reduce the difference in gross margin between Gentile di Puglia and the standardized intensively-farmed Comisana, from 57% to 3%. Such economic performance could be further improved by widening the set of fashion wool garments produced, so as to make the Gentile di Puglia even more preferable than other high-production breeds. Abstract: In Basilicata, southern Italy, a sheep landrace jeopardized of extinction is Gentile di Puglia due to low production levels, low market values of milk and meat, and replacement of wool with synthetic fibers. Due to these dynamics farmers progressively resort to intensive breeding systems, hence causing the gradual disappearance of the ovine sector, the withering of traditional breeding Citation: Sardaro, R.; La Sala, P. New culture and the abandonment of internal and marginal territories. -
Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: I
Animal Science Publications Animal Science 1987 Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: I. Heterosis, General Combining Ability and Relationship to Growth and Backfat David Lynn Meeker Iowa State University Max F. Rothschild Iowa State University, [email protected] L. L. Christian Iowa State University C. M. Warner Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ans_pubs H. TP. aHrti lofl the Agriculture Commons, Animal Sciences Commons, Biochemistry, Biophysics, and SIotrwauctur Stateal U nBivioerlositgy y Commons, Genetics Commons, and the Veterinary Medicine Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ ans_pubs/318. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Animal Science Publications by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Genetic Control of Immune Response to Pseudorabies and Atrophic Rhinitis Vaccines: I. Heterosis, General Combining Ability and Relationship to Growth and Backfat Abstract Data from 988 pigs from 119 litters farrowed in two seasons of a three-breed diallel crossbreeding experiment were analyzed to estimate general combining abilities of breeds and heterosis for humoral immune response to pseudorabies virus and atrophic rhinitis vaccines. Twenty purebred boars and 85 sows of the Duroc, Landrace and Yorkshire breeds were mated to provide the nine breed-of-sire and breed-of-dam combinations. -
Meat Chickens: Challenges and Priorities for Good Animal Welfare © RSPCA Australia 2020
Meat chickens: Challenges and priorities for good animal welfare © RSPCA Australia 2020 RSPCA Australia PO Box 265 Deakin West ACT 2600 Tel: (02) 6282 8300 Email: [email protected] Website: www.rspca.org.au Contents Introduction 4 Genetics 5 Stocking density 6 Housing 7 Enrichment 9 Handling 11 On-farm euthanasia 12 Depopulation 13 Transport 14 Stunning and slaughter 15 Hatchery 17 Breeder birds 18 Next steps 19 Bibliography 20 Introduction RSPCA Australia believes that good animal welfare must be an inherent part of all farm animal production. This goes beyond preventing pain, suffering or distress and minimising negative experiences, to ensuring animals can express their natural behaviour in an enriching environment, feel safe, have healthy positive experiences and a good quality of life. Providing good animal welfare means providing animals with all the necessary elements to ensure their physical and mental health and a sense of positive individual wellbeing. This document highlights the key animal welfare challenges for the meat chicken industry in Australia and sets out RSPCA Australia’s priorities, informed by current best practice and international animal welfare science, to address these challenges, with the aim of ensuring all chickens experience good animal welfare throughout their lives. The key challenges and priorities set out in this document will inform the future review of the RSPCA Approved Farming Scheme Standard for meat chickens. The review process considers the relevant animal welfare science, the extent to which improvements can be implemented across the entire production chain and the commercial practicality of proposed changes, but always with the underlying aim of ensuring continuous improvement to the welfare of chickens farmed under the Scheme.