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INSIDE � Thick-Structured Proterozoic Lithosphere � Northeastern Section Meeting, P Vol. 11, No. 12 A Publication of the Geological Society of America December 2001 INSIDE L Thick-Structured Proterozoic Lithosphere L Northeastern Section Meeting, p. 14 of the Rocky Mountain Region, p. 4 L Ken Dueker, Huaiyu Yuan, and Brian Zurek Rock Stars: Francis Parker Shepard, p. 20 L 2000 Presidential Address, p. 41 VDC ENGINEERED TO BE ALMOST PSYCHIC. Introducing a car so technologically advanced, it can sense the wheels. Even the engine’s output may be momentarily trouble and begin to adjust for it before the driver even reduced. Before the driver even realizes that loss of control notices that there’s a problem. It’s the 6-cylinder 212- is impending, any or all of these measures may be applied horsepower Outback VDC from Subaru. The VDC stands for automatically to help restore directional stability. 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To find out more, visit Drive system may redistribute the amount of power between us at www.subaru.com. The ABC’s of Safety: Air bags. Buckle up. Children in back. *At maximum output. Subaru. The official vehicle of the Geological Society of America Contents GSA TODAY (ISSN 1052-5173) is published monthly by The Geological Vol. 11, No. 12 December 2001 Society of America, Inc., with offices at 3300 Penrose Place, Boulder, Colorado. Mailing address: P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, U.S.A. Periodicals postage paid at Boulder, Colorado, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to GSA Today, Member Services, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140. science article Copyright © 2001, The Geological Society of America, Inc. (GSA). All rights 4 reserved. Copyright not claimed on content prepared wholly by U.S. Thick-Structured Proterozoic Lithosphere of the Rocky Mountain Region . government employees within scope of their employment. Individual scientists Ken Dueker, Huaiyu Yuan, and Brian Zurek are hereby granted permission, without fees or further requests to GSA, to use a single figure, a single table, and/or a brief paragraph of text in other subsequent works and to make unlimited photocopies of items in this journal for noncommercial use in classrooms to further education and science. For any other use, contact Copyright Permissions, GSA, P.O. Doris M. Curtis Memorial Fund for Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, USA, fax 303-357-1070, Women in Science Award . .10 [email protected]; reference GSA Today, ISSN 1052-5173. Per- mission is granted to authors to post the abstracts only of their articles on their own or their organization’s Web site providing the posting 10 includes this reference: “The full paper was published in the Geological 2002 GeoCorps America™ Positions . Society of America’s journal GSA Today, [include year, month, and page numbers if known, where the article will appear].” GSA provides this and 11 other forums for the presentation of diverse opinions and positions by New Process for Election of GSA Fellows . scientists worldwide, regardless of their race, citizenship, gender, religion, or political viewpoint. Opinions presented in this publication do not reflect official positions of the Society. Upcoming Deadlines . .12 SUBSCRIPTIONS for 2001 calendar year: Society Members: GSA Today is provided as part of membership dues. Contact Member Services Northeastern Section Meeting, GSA: Final Announcement . .14 at 1-888-443-4472, (303) 447-2020 or [email protected] for membership information. Nonmembers & Institutions: Free with paid subscription to both GSA Bulletin and Geology, otherwise $65 for U.S., Rock Stars: Francis Parker Shepard . .20 Canada, and Mexico; $75 elsewhere. 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Miller, Department of Geology, Box 117-B, Coal Division Offers Medlin Award . .27 Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, [email protected] Director of Publications: Jon Olsen Managing Editor: Jeanette Hammann, [email protected] Letters . .28 Editorial Assistant: Christina Alba Production Manager: Diane C. Lorenz Production Coordinator: Margo Y. Good 30 Graphics Production: Margo Y. Good Field Forum Report: Bolide Impacts on Wet Targets . GSA Today lead science articles should present the results of exciting new research or summarize and synthesize important problems or issues, 32 and they must be understandable to all in the earth science community. Announcements . Contact science editor Karl Karlstrom, [email protected], to submit a manuscript. Position Announcements . .33 ADVERTISING: Classifieds and display: Contact Ann Crawford, (303) 357-1053, 1-800-472-1988, ext.1053, fax 303-357-1070; [email protected]. Classified Advertising . .35 GSA ONLINE: www.geosociety.org 2000 Presidential Address: Grand Challenges in Earth This publication is included on GSA’s annual and Environmental Sciences: Science, Stewardship, CD-ROM, GSA Journals on Compact Disc. 41 Call GSA Member Services for details. and Service for the Twenty-First Century. Mary Lou Zoback . Printed in U.S.A. using pure soy inks. Journal Highlights . .47 Ed. note: “Dialogue” will resume in 2002. 50% Total Recovered Fiber 10% Postconsumer GSA TODAY, DECEMBER 2001 3 Thick-Structured Proterozoic Lithosphere of the Rocky Mountain Region Ken Dueker, Huaiyu Yuan, and Brian Zurek, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071-3006, USA ABSTRACT reveal a surprisingly thick continental lithosphere. In our A new tomographic image of the western United States transect across the Proterozoic Jemez suture, we find the shows three northeast-trending, low-velocity, upper mantle coincidence of young lithospheric volcanism, a low-velocity anomalies in the Rocky Mountain–Colorado Plateau region: mantle anomaly, and deep lithospheric layering (to 170 km). the Yellowstone, Saint George, and Jemez lineaments. Each is In our Wyoming-Colorado transects across the Archean- characterized by small compressional wave-speed anomalies Proterozoic Cheyenne suture, we find the coincidence of (±2% perturbations) that deep mantle layering and extend to 200–250 km a north-dipping, high- depth. A fundamental velocity slab, which extends question is whether they (to 200 km depth) from represent ongoing astheno- the base of an imbricated spheric convection or old Moho, directly under the lithospheric compositional Cheyenne suture. We bodies. This puzzle is suggest this slab was compounded by the trapped against the edge observation that each is of the thick, Archean-age aligned with both young Wyoming lithosphere after volcanic fields and the subduction polarity Proterozoic crustal grain flipped from south- to and/or sutures. We suggest north-directed after that the low-velocity and/or during accretion of bodies are lithospheric the first Proterozoic arc anomalies and that they along Wyoming’s south- were derived from melting ern margin 1.78–1.75 Ga. of hydrated olivine-poor Such a tectonic model for lithologies (oceanic slabs, the evolution of the their associated sediments, Cheyenne belt is con- and batholith residue) Figure 1. Image of compressional-wave velocity structure at 100 km depth sistent with observations made from combined inversion of P-wave data used to construct Fig. 2 and that were tectonically along many other shear-wave velocity model of van der Lee and Nolet (1997). High velocities Archean-Proterozoic emplaced during (blue shading) on eastern side of image reflect cold, stable tectospheric root Proterozoic suturing present beneath North American craton, and low velocities (yellow and red sutures worldwide. Overall, events. Such lithologies shading) on western side of image reflect the generally thin lithosphere and our results demonstrate would be hydrated by warm asthenosphere. In between these two “end-member” regions is average that Proterozoic crustal the water in oceanic slabs velocity (green
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