DOCSLIB.ORG

Black Women's Beautification Practices in South African Press Reports

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Black Women's Beautification Practices in South African Press Reports COPYRIGHT AND CITATION CONSIDERATIONS FOR THIS THESIS/ DISSERTATION o Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. o NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes. o ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. How to cite this thesis Surname, Initial(s). (2012) Title of the thesis or dissertation. PhD. (Chemistry)/ M.Sc. (Physics)/ M.A. (Philosophy)/M.Com. (Finance) etc. [Unpublished]: University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from: https://ujcontent.uj.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index?site_name=Research%20Output (Accessed: Date). BLACK WOMEN’S BEAUTIFICATION PRACTICES IN SOUTH AFRICAN PRESS REPORTS: A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS By SAMUKELISIWE NOSIPHO MTHEMBU MA MINOR DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS In CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY In the FACULTY OF HUMANITIES At the UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: DR. P. MOODLEY Submission date: December 2017 Acknowledgements To my supervisor, Dr P. Moodley, thank you for letting me share in your wisdom and stature; may this body of work attest to the precision of your guidance. To my family, Mom, I am forever indebted to your patience and motivation; Dad, your dedication and time given to my existence will never be forgotten; sisters, resilience and love are key in the face of adversity. To my friends, thank you for all the help and support when I felt like giving up. To my partner, Dimitris, in the hardships we face, may you continue to support me and learn as we grow together. iii Abstract Eurocentric discourses of beauty have been historically dominant in South African society. As a result, phenotypical features (darker skin tone, fuller lips, and unstraightened hair) typical to Black women have been devalued. Thus, Black women are inclined to pursue dominant beauty ideals by practising extreme (invasive but not surgical) beauty-modification techniques (such as chemical skin bleaching and strenuous hair straightening). Although academic enquiry has examined effects of dominant beauty ideals on Black women, little analysis has been directed at how these ideals are reproduced in South African media, particularly in newspapers. Moreover, even less academic attention has focused on beautification practices by Black women in South African newspapers. Newspapers as a genre, might be expected to offer both criticisms and appraisals of black beauty and beautification practices. Located within social psychology, this study adopted a discursive approach to investigate representations of Black women's beautification practices in South African newspapers (1994 to 2015). In the eight newspaper reports analysed, the following discourses were identified: Commercialisation, Chemical Opportunity versus Chemical Harm, Empowerment, and Activism. Within these discourses, Black women were positioned along three subject positions: The Empowered Black Woman, The Alchemist, and The Activist. From the discourses and subject positions, a key finding was that Black women are constructed as actively engaging in beautification that achieves artificial beauty equivalent to a standard of Eurocentric beauty ideals. This was represented as a way for Black women to feel empowered and to be recognised. This was also represented as devaluing and physically harmful to the features natural to Black women. Keywords: beautification practices, black beauty, discourse analysis, Eurocentric, media representations, social psychology iv TABLE OF CONTENTS AFFIDAVIT ...................................................................................................................................... II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS............................................................................................................ III ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................................. V CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 A Self-Reflexive Background ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rationale and Context for Study ................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Beautification: A Psychological Focus ......................................................................................... 3 1.4 Media and Black Beauty ............................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Research Questions ....................................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Outline of Chapters ....................................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Black Beauty in Ancient History: 3600BC to 500AD .................................................................. 6 2.3 Black Beauty in the Precolonial Period: Postclassical Era (500CE–1500) to Early Modern Period (1500–1750) ...................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 Beauty in the Colonial Period ....................................................................................................... 9 2.4.1 Midmodern Period (1750–1914) to Contemporary Period (1914–present) ............................... 9 2.4.2 Black Human Zoos ................................................................................................................... 11 2.4.3 The End of Slavery and Colonisation ....................................................................................... 11 2.5 Transitioning Black Bodies: A Psychological Focus.................................................................. 13 2.5.1 Being-in-the-world-with-objects-and-things: The Perspective of Manganyi ........................... 13 2.5.2 Nigrescence Model: The Perspective of Cross ......................................................................... 14 2.6 Black Beautification.................................................................................................................... 15 2.6.1 Hair and Skin Transitioning: Ethnic to International Aesthetics .............................................. 15 2.6.2 The Hot Comb and Other Thermal Straighteners ..................................................................... 16 2.6.3 The Chemical Hair Straightener (Relaxer) ............................................................................... 17 2.6.4 Skin Bleaching .......................................................................................................................... 17 2.6.5 Beautification in Black Consciousness ..................................................................................... 18 2.6.6 The Weave and Hair Extensions .............................................................................................. 19 2.6.7 Black Women’s Beautification in SA ...................................................................................... 19 v 2.6.8 Empowerment in Beautification ............................................................................................... 20 2.6.9 Critique of Beautification ......................................................................................................... 21 2.6.9.1 Dominant Discourses and Low Self-Image ........................................................................... 21 2.6.9.2 Social Psychology and Colourism ......................................................................................... 23 2.6.9.3 Advocacy Within Black Womanhood.................................................................................... 24 2.6.9.3.1 Internalising Dominant Social Discourses .......................................................................... 24 2.6.9.3.2 Preparing an Image Accepted by Dominant Narratives ..................................................... 25 2.6.9.3.3 Preparing an Image That Promotes Self-Awareness .......................................................... 26 2.7 Research into Black Beautification Practices ............................................................................. 27 2.7.1 African American Research on Black Women’s Beautification .............................................. 27 2.7.2 South African Studies of Hair Beautification ........................................................................... 27 2.8 Beautification and the Media ...................................................................................................... 30 2.8.1 The Role of Media Representations ......................................................................................... 30 2.8.2 Beautification and the South African Media ...........................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Melissa Nayimuli – Butterworth, Eastern Cape
    Melissa Nayimuli – Butterworth, Eastern Cape Name: Melissa Nayimuli Region: I was born in Butterworth in the Eastern Cape but I currently live in Sunninghill. Age: 24 (Born January 2, 1996) Occupation: I have a BA in Motion Picture Medium from AFDA Johannesburg, and I majored in television writing. I currently work as an account manager for a marketing agency. Why do you want to be Miss South Africa and what do you think you will be able to bring to the role? I was born into a multicultural home with a Xhosa mother and a Ugandan father. As exciting as this was, on one hand, I got to experience the full acceptance and love from being treated like a South African, and on occasion, with just the mere mention of my surname, I felt what it was like to be treated like a foreigner. I am entering Miss South Africa with the hopes of bringing unity within the African continent. I would like to start conversations that are aimed at repairing the damage caused by xenophobia, not only in South Africa but all over the African continent. This is not only a South Africa problem, it is not only an Africa problem, it is a global issue. We need to be kinder, more accepting and more respectful of each other’s differences. South African women are proving on a daily basis that they are not only powerful leaders who can effect change, but they can do that with grace, compassion, and humility, which I believe are imperative attributes for such a sensitive topic.
    [Show full text]
  • Inspired Designs Jenni and Rolene Strauss – Current MISS WORLD ® SWAROVSKI World Jewellery Facets
    2016/2017 Profile – Jenni Gault Lice nsed SWAROVSKI® Couture Jewellery Designer Born: 28 December Bulawayo - Zimbabwe Educated: Silwood Kitchens Cape Town – South Africa Qualified Cordon Bleu Chef Lives: Port Elizabeth – South Africa Occupation: Jewellery Designer, specializing in incorporating Precious Metals with SWAROVSKI Crystal Jenni Gault was born in Zimbabwe and is now “Proudly South African”. Having started designing Jewellery directly after school, she created her own brand 12 years ago. This is her 32th year since creating her very first design. Now known as “Jenni Gault International Jewellery Design”, she has taken this boutique range global. In July 2006 she was selected as the exclusive Jewellery Designer for Swarovski at SA Fashion Week. Building on her relationship with Swarovski she was soon after awarded her license under their “Swarovski Elements” brand. Jenni operates from her Port Elizabeth studio in South Africa, from where she travels, shows and sees her clients in London, Paris, Shanghai, New York, Las Vegas, Tokyo, Moscow, Dubai, Munich, Wattens and Hong Kong. Inspired by the wondrous palette which Swarovski provide, her entire range incorporates the world’s best crystal. Setting in Sterling Silver and Stainless Steel her designs are, at the same time, both glamorous and easy to wear. She has adorned 10 former Miss South Africa’s – including Rolene Strauss the humble and beautiful current Miss World. Inspired Designs Jenni and Rolene Strauss – Current MISS WORLD ® SWAROVSKI World Jewellery Facets She has been honoured by being selected for the World Jewelry Facets is a traveling last 5 World Jewellery Facets by Swarovski, and was exhibition of exceptionally beautiful back at her favourite venue, Shanghai, for the contemporary jewelry embellished 2015 edition.
    [Show full text]
  • Ffape, ABUSE -* J Pain, Only in Their Silence
    • FEATURE Alone in their silence Not any more Each and every woman is in danger of being raped, abused, beaten up and killed by men. Most women who go through these painful experiences do so alone, in fear and shame. Yet, siopj they are not alone in their ffAPE, ABUSE -* j pain, only in their silence. Some are coming out, BATTERING speaking loud and clear about Jfo Oimwof andt the abuse against them, IMHtlM, • writes Rosalee Telela uzette Mafuna is a sorry for him. I also did not woman who was abused want to believe that he was Sby her husband for a a violent person. Because I long lime. She lived with ihe loved him so much. I'd sim­ abuse until, one day. he nearly ply forgive him and try to killed her. She left him. This is love him even more. The her story. love slowly began to die. " I survived the abuse, but And. for my own sake. I healing from the scars and the knew I had to gel out. pain never ends. It is still diffi­ My family and friends also cult for me to trust any man put a lot of pressure on me. I who wants to get close to me. used to run home to my moth­ I'm so scared of the same thing er when he abused me. My happening all over again. I still mother would tell me that have nightmares. a woman is supposed to 11 was not easy for me to handle these things. leave my husband.
    [Show full text]
  • Miss South Africa Shudufhadzo Musida Launches Mental Health Initiative #Mindfulmondays in Partnership with SADAG
    Miss South Africa Shudufhadzo Musida launches mental health initiative #MindfulMondays in partnership with SADAG Miss South Africa 2020 Shudufhadzo Musida launches her online mental health initiative #MindfulMondays hosted in conjunction with the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG), launches on Shudu’s Instagram platform @shudufhadzomusida on Monday, February 8, at 19h00. Musida – who announced that she would be focusing on raising awareness around mental health when she took the Miss South Africa crown in October last year – will speak to various experts on a diverse range of topics related to the subject on Instagram on Monday evenings at 19h00. SADAG is proud and honoured to have a platform with Miss SA to have these important conversations around mental health, and to help break the stigma around mental illness in the country. By using her powerful platform and her compassion towards mental health, we hope to debunk myths, encourage people to seek help and share practical self help tips for people to use as part of their mental wellness. Musida’s first guest will be Clinical Psychologist and SADAG Board Member Zamo Mbele whose conversation focuses on mental health. Their discussion will include the difference between mental health and mental illness; mental health stats in South Africa; how it impacts people; what are some of the different types of mental health issues; who treats them; what resources are available and how COVID has impacted mental health. On Monday, February 15, the focus will be on teen depression
    [Show full text]
  • Airport Expansion May Come at No Cost Company Offers to Build, Lease Five Needed Hangars
    The Daily Newspaper of the Upper Cumberland Herald-Citizen www.herald-citizen.com Cyber Monday Titans break nine-year losing Hacking Retailers have high hopes streak in Indianapolis for more holiday shopping FBI knew, but kept silent A win! Page B1 Page A8 Page A4 115th Year | No. 280 | MOnday, november 27, 2017 | Cookeville, Tennessee 50¢ TTU gets Man in the charged holiday in three spirit shootings BY KATE COOK BY KATE COOK [email protected] [email protected] Tennessee Tech is getting A Smith County man faces into the holiday spirit. an attempted murder charge For the first time ever, following three shootings, in- Grounds Director Kevin cluding one with officers, Tucker and his crew began over the holiday weekend. decorating TTU’s Quad a few Stacye Lee Nash, 55, of weeks ago. That’s the huge, Gordonsville, was charged grassy space between Memo- with one count of criminal rial Gym, Derryberry Hall, attempt to commit first de- Jere Whitson Hall and Bell gree murder. He was booked Hall. into the Smith County Jail on “It’ll be a few buildings a $150,000 bond. this year, and eventually According to the Tennessee we’ll decorate the whole Bureau of Investigation, offi- Quad,” Tucker said. cers were called to Gor- The Quad is now home to donsville Saturday after five Christmas trees made of Nash reportedly shot his lights, four 20-foot trees and wife, Dora Nash. one 45-foot tree. Six natural He then went to his wife’s trees have lighted icicles son’s residence nearby, got dripping from them.
    [Show full text]
  • The Scope of South Africa's Exodus
    The scope of south Africa’s exodus Thousands of predominantly white, young, skilled South Africans of all persuasions, regions and professions are leaving the country each year to settle mainly in Australia, New Zealand, Britain, the USA and Canada. Official statistics suggest that just over 8 200 people had emigrated from South Africa in 1998 and about 9 000 in 1999, but because of an under-reporting of between one half and two thirds the unofficial total would have been between 16 000 and 25 000. These latest emigrants joined the 550 000 emigrants who have left officially since 1945, in addition to the 500 000 to one million emigrants who may have left the country unofficially during this period. The real significance of this exodus can be found not so much in the sheer size of the exodus - even though it is large by any standard - but in the fact that these emigrants represent a huge loss of human capital: they are mostly professionals and their skills and ability to create wealth and jobs cannot be replaced overnight, if at all. In addition, emigration on this scale raises the questions of how many more people may join this new Trek, and whether this emigration will continue at current levels or whether a sudden mass exodus might become a possibility. 2.1 O f f ic ia l s t a t is t ic s vs the a c t u a l n u m b e r s : THE 2:1 AND 3:1 RATIOS As mentioned earlier, the number of people leaving South Africa each year is at least double and could be triple the official numbers provided by Statistics South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview with Josephine Datz # IM-A-L-2012-025.01 Interview # 1: June 7, 2012 Interviewer: Mark Depue
    Interview with Josephine Datz # IM-A-L-2012-025.01 Interview # 1: June 7, 2012 Interviewer: Mark DePue COPYRIGHT The following material can be used for educational and other non-commercial purposes without the written permission of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. “Fair use” criteria of Section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976 must be followed. These materials are not to be deposited in other repositories, nor used for resale or commercial purposes without the authorization from the Audio-Visual Curator at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, 112 N. 6th Street, Springfield, Illinois 62701. Telephone (217) 785-7955 Note to the Reader: Readers of the oral history memoir should bear in mind that this is a transcript of the spoken word, and that the interviewer, interviewee and editor sought to preserve the informal, conversational style that is inherent in such historical sources. The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library is not responsible for the factual accuracy of the memoir, nor for the views expressed therein. We leave these for the reader to judge. DePue: My name is Mark DePue. I’m the director of oral history at the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library. Today is Thursday, June 7, 2012. I’m here with Josephine Datz, who, for here on afterwards, will be known as Jo Datz. That’s what you prefer, right? Datz: Right. DePue: And we’re interviewing Jo because of your experiences as an immigrant to the United States, but I don’t even think that today’s session will get you to the United States. There’s quite a bit to talk about, because you grew up in South Africa— Datz: Correct.
    [Show full text]
  • The Globalization of Cosmetic Surgery: Examining BRIC and Beyond Lauren E
    The University of San Francisco USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center Master's Theses Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects Fall 12-14-2012 The Globalization of Cosmetic Surgery: Examining BRIC and Beyond Lauren E. Riggs University of San Francisco, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.usfca.edu/thes Part of the Inequality and Stratification Commons, Medicine and Health Commons, Other Sociology Commons, Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, Regional Sociology Commons, and the Sociology of Culture Commons Recommended Citation Riggs, Lauren E., "The Globalization of Cosmetic Surgery: Examining BRIC and Beyond" (2012). Master's Theses. 33. https://repository.usfca.edu/thes/33 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, Capstones and Projects at USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of USF Scholarship: a digital repository @ Gleeson Library | Geschke Center. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Globalization of Cosmetic Surgery: Examining BRIC and Beyond Author: Lauren Riggs1 University of San Francisco Master of Arts in International Studies (MAIS) November 30, 2012 1 [email protected] The Globalization of Cosmetic Surgery: Examining BRIC and Beyond In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS In INTERNATIONAL STUDIES by Lauren Riggs November 2012 UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO Under the guidance and approval of the committee, and approval by all the members, this thesis has been accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree.
    [Show full text]
  • 20Th Edition | F Dircoza |
    Issue 20 A better South Africa * A better Africa * A better world DIRCO flickr thedircoza Edition th 20 @theDIRCOza South Africa’s Public Diplomacy in action Africa’s South DIRCOza www.dirco.gov.za Creating Conducive Conditions for Africa’s Development www.dirco.gov.za | f Dircoza | @theDIRCOza | thedircoza | DIRCO flickr The African Union Headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia In the spirit of Ubuntu UBUNTU magazine – issue 20 cSouth Africa’s Publicr Diplomacye in action dits Publisher UBUNTU Clayson Monyela a Nguni word meaning humanity Editor-in-Chief The Department of International Relations Michelle Greeff – [email protected] and Cooperation’s quarterly magazine Tel: +27 12 351 1743 Editor Delien Burger - [email protected] Tel: +27 12 351 0948 Advertising Nthabiseng Makuwa - [email protected] Tel: +27 12 351 0388 Distribution Olwethu Koli – [email protected] Tel: +27 12 351 0006 Photographers Jacoline Schoonees, Yandisa Monakali, Katlholo Maifadi and Yolande Snyman, Department of International Relations and Cooperation; United Kingdom Department for International Development; Government Communication and Information System; SA Tourism; Xinhua/Chen Cheng; Jonathan Gill, Flickr; The Melrose Gallery (Cape Town); Owl Rescue Centre, Facebook; Luke Daniel / Red Bull Content Pool; Technothermsa.com; Ms Universe, Facebook; Miss Universe 2019, Twitter; Design Indaba; Delia Oosthuizen; Michael Tellinger; Craig Foster; Andreas Wittich; Southern African Wildlife College; Atlantic Campaigns, Facebook Ben Duffy; Juanita Mulder, Pixaby; Jean van der Meulen, Pixabay; Anthea Pokroy; Kagga Kamma Nature Reserve, Facebook; Hayward's Grand Safari Company; Baviaans Camino, Facebook; The Workshop Ko Kasi, Facebook; Oceana Beach and Wildlife Reserve, Facebook; and Sarah Koning.
    [Show full text]
  • Cathrin Skog En Av Favoriterna I Miss World 2006
    2006-09-18 11:21 CEST Cathrin Skog en av favoriterna i Miss World 2006 Cathrin Skog, 19 årig call-center agent från den lilla byn Nälden i närheten av Östersund är Sveriges hopp i årets Miss World 2006. Cathrins ambition i framtiden är att studera internationell ekonomi och hon älskar att måla och lyssna på musik, speciellt street, disco och funk. Hennes personliga motto i livet är att alltid se livet från den ljusa sidan och att aldrig ge upp. Finalen i Miss World 2006 kommer att hållas på lördagen den 30 september i Polen där den 56: e Miss World vinnaren kommer att koras av både en expertjury på plats och via internetröster från hela världen. Cathrin är en av förhandsfavoriterna och spelas just nu till 17 gånger pengarna. Miss Australien (Sabrina Houssami) och Miss Venezuela (Alexandra Federica Guzaman Diamante) delar på favoritskapet med spel till 8 gånger pengarna. För mer info om tävlingen, se www.missworld.com Odds Vinnarspel Miss World 2006 Miss Australia 8.00 Miss Venezuela 8.00 Miss Canada 11.00 Miss India 11.00 Miss Lebanon 13.00 Miss Angola 17.00 Miss Columbia 17.00 Miss Dominican Republic 17.00 Miss South Africa 17.00 Miss Sweden 17.00 Miss Mexico 19.00 Miss Philippines 19.00 Miss Puerto Rica 19.00 Miss Czech Republic 21.00 Miss Jamaica 21.00 Miss Martinique 21.00 Miss Spain 21.00 Miss Iceland 23.00 Miss Italy 26.00 Miss Panama 26.00 Miss Singapore 29.00 Miss Ukraine 29.00 Miss Brazil 34.00 Miss Chile 34.00 Miss China 34.00 Miss Greece 34.00 Miss Nigeria 34.00 Miss Peru 34.00 Miss Poland 34.00 Miss Turkey 34.00 Miss USA 34.00
    [Show full text]
  • Miss South Africa Launches Legacy Initiative ______
    MISS SOUTH AFRICA LAUNCHES LEGACY INITIATIVE ___________________________________________ Sun City, September 28: To mark its 60th year jubilee pageant milestone, the Miss South Africa Organisation has launched the Miss South Africa Legacy Initiative. All proceeds from the Miss SA Legacy Initiative Gala Dinner – held at Sun City on Friday and attended by a host of former Miss South Africa title holders, including former Miss Worlds Penny Rey Coelen and Rolene Strauss – went to The Tomorrow Trust and The Nelson Mandela Children’s Hospital. Others who attended included Joan Ramagosi-Madibeng, Sandra de Meyer-Evans, Tansey Coetzee Sodeinde, Amy Kleinhans Curd, Odette Scrooby-Joubert, Sonia Raciti-Oshry, Lorna Potgieter, Yolanda Kloppers, Tatum Keshwar, Kerishnie Naiker, Andrea Stelzer, Vera Johns Sutherland, Suzette van der Merwe, Claudia Henkel and Liesl Laurie. Miss World South Africa Thulisa Keyi was also present. Chief Operating Officer of Sun International Ltd, Thabo Mosololi said at the gala dinner: “Traditionally each Miss South Africa champions a social cause during her reign that is close to her heart. However, the Legacy Initiative will provide an additional platform for all former Miss South Africa winners to work together as a meaningful force for good. “As passionate South Africans, we believe the future is tied to our young people and, in particular, their education and health. We have adopted two NPOs for a long-term period with the aim of raising R400 000 per annum for each NPO. Funds raised for The Tomorrow Trust will be used towards their school holiday programme, providing skills training and recourses for qualifying schoolgoing South Africans.
    [Show full text]
  • An African Athens
    An African Athens Rhetoric and the Shaping of Democracy in South Africa Rhetoric, Knowledge, and Society A Series of Monographs Edited by Charles Bazerman Atkinson • Scientific Discourse in Sociohistorical Context: The Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 1675-1975 Blakeslee • Interacting With Audiences Dias, Freedman, Medway, Pare • Worlds Apart: Acting and Writing in Academic and Workplace Contexts Flower, Long, Higgins • Learning to Rival: A Literate Practice for Intercultural Inquiry Petraglia • Reality by Design: The Rhetoric and Technology of Authenticity in Education Prior • Writing/Disciplinarity: A Sociohistoric Account of Literate Activity in the Academy Salazar • An African Athens: Rhetoric and the Shaping of Democracy in South Africa Sauer • The Rhetoric of Risk: Technical Documentation in Hazardous Environments Swales • Other Floors, Other Voices: A Textography of a Small University Building Van Nostrand • Fundable Knowledge: The Marketing of Defense Technology Winsor • Writing Like an Engineer: A Rhetorical Education An African Athens Rhetoric and the Shaping of Democracy in South Africa Philippe-Joseph Salazar LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOCIATES, PUBLISHERS 2002 Mahwah, New Jersey London This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Copyright © 2002 by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro- duced in any form, by photostat, microform, retrieval system, or any other means, without prior written per- mission of the publisher. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers 10 Industrial Avenue Mahwah, NJ 07430 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Salazar, Philippe-Joseph.
    [Show full text]