Flushing Creek and Flushing Bay CSO Long Term Control Plan

Al Oerter Recreation Center September 30, 2015 Welcome & Introductions

Eric Landau Associate Commissioner DEP

2 Agenda Topic Speaker

1 Welcome & Introductions Eric Landau

2 Flushing Creek LTCP • Summary of Previous Public Meetings Eric Landau • LTCP Proposed Final Recommendations Keith Beckmann

3 Flushing Bay LTCP • Background Eric Landau • Waterbody / Watershed Characteristics Keith Beckmann • Water Quality Improvement Projects o Green Infrastructure Angela Licata o Grey Infrastructure Keith Beckmann

4 Next Steps Eric Landau

5 Discussion and Q&A Session All

3 What is a Combined Sewer Overflow?

 NYC’s sewer system is approximately 60% combined, which means it is used to convey both sanitary and storm flows.

Dry Weather Stormy Weather Conditions Conditions

Down Down Spout Spout

Catch Basin Catch Basin

Building Sewer Combined Building Sewer Combined Connection Connection Sewer Outfall Sewer Outfall

City Sewer Main City Sewer Main

Sewer Sewer Regulator Regulator

 When the sewer system is at full capacity, a diluted mixture of rain water and sewage may be released into local waterways. This is called a combined sewer overflow (CSO).

 65% to 90% of combined sanitary & storm flow is captured at treatment plants. 4 What is a LTCP and CSO Consent Order?

Long Term Control Plan (LTCP) identifies appropriate CSO controls to achieve applicable water quality standards consistent with the Federal CSO Policy and Clean Water Act

CSO Consent Order an agreement that settles past legal disputes without prolonged litigation requires DEP to develop LTCPs and mitigate CSOs

5 Flushing Creek (FC) LTCP Proposed Final Recommendations

6 Summary of Previous Flushing Creek Public Meetings

Eric Landau Associate Commissioner DEP

7 Flushing Creek LTCP Process & Public Involvement

Community Board 3 Submitted Environmental Committee Meeting LTCP 10/30/2014 12/30/2014*

Existing Data Alternatives Information Collection & Modeling Development LTCP DEC Review Review Analysis & Evaluation

Kickoff Alternatives Final Plan Meeting Review Meeting Review Meeting 6/11/2014 10/23/2014 TODAY

ONGOING PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER INPUT

*Supplemental Documentation was submitted to DEC on 5/22/2015 and 8/7/2015 in response to DEC review comments. 8 FC Public Meeting #1 – Summary

Date: June 11, 2014 Location: P.S. 020 John Bowne, Queens Attendees: 20 Presented on:  Waterbody/Watershed Characteristics

 Current Uses

New Interceptor Route  Preliminary Water Quality Sampling Results Being Restored to Upland / Wetland  Grey Infrastructure Projects • CSO Retention Facility • Upgrades to increase flow conveyance to Tallman Island WWTP

 Green Infrastructure Projects • JHS 185Q, Edward Bleecker Jr. High • Flushing Town Hall • TI-011 and TI-022 Area-Wide Contracts with DDC

CSO Retention Facility

9 FC Public Meeting #2 – Summary

Date: October 23, 2014 Location: Al Oerter Recreational Center Attendees: 15

Presented on: Brief Recap of Meeting #1

Water Quality Attainment • Current Classification (Secondary Contact) = High Level Attainment (See following slides) • Potential Future Classification (Primary Contact) = Non-Attainment (See following slides)

Modeling • 100% CSO Control in Flushing Creek results in minimal WQ improvement for Primary Contact Attainment

Comparison of Key Alternatives

10 Flushing Creek LTCP Proposed Final Recommendations

Keith Beckmann, P.E. Angela Licata LTCP Program Manager Deputy Commissioner DEP DEP

11 Flushing Creek Drainage Area

 Flushing Creek is located in north- central Queens and discharges into Flushing Bay

 Over 500 acres of the watershed tributary drain to fresh water Meadow and Willow Lakes

 Flushing Creek is classified by New York State DEC for secondary contact recreation . Class I – Boating and Fishing

 DEP wet-weather discharges include: . 3 CSO Outfalls . 5 Stormwater Outfalls

Drainage Area Acres 11,016 Served by combined sewers 57%

12 Flushing Creek Sampling Locations

13 Flushing Creek Fecal Coliform Results November 2013 to May 2014

10000

3310 Secondary Contact 2176 Standard 1894 2000 #/100 ml 910 1000 433

200 #/100 ml 131 327 Potential Future Primary Contact 100 Standard 130 119 100 112

77 Geometric Mean Geometric

Fecal Coliform (#/100 ml) (#/100Coliform Fecal 10 ~18 Dry and ~60 Wet samples per location Wet Weather Dry Weather 1 0 OW11 OW22 OW33 OW44 OW55 OW66 7 Sampling Locations

14 Flushing Creek Enterococci Results November 2013 to May 2014

863 1000 494 497

221

99 100 51

61 30 #/100 ml

Potential Future 32 Primary Contact Standard Geometric Mean Mean Geometric 23 20 20

10 14 Enterococci (#/100 ml) (#/100 Enterococci

~18 Dry and ~60 Wet samples per location

Wet Weather Dry Weather 1 0 OW11 OW22 OW33 OW44 OW55 OW66 7

Sampling Locations 15 Flushing Creek CSO Mitigation Options

INCREASING COMPLEXITY Parallel Inflatable Dams System Pump Station Fixed Weir Interceptor / Bending Weirs Optimization Expansion Sewer Control Gates Gravity Flow CSO Pumping Station Flow Tipping with Tipping to Other Relocation Modification Conduit/Tunnel and Pumping

Watersheds INCREASING Water Quality Wetlands / Ecological Floatables Control Dredging Flushing Tunnel Restoration Enhancement Treatment Outfall High Rate Satellite: Tank Disinfection

Disinfection Clarification (HRC) COST

Centralized: WWTP Expansion

Storage In-System Shaft Tank Tunnel

Flushing Creek Preferred Alternative = Disinfection of Outfalls TI-011 and TI-010 16 Green Infrastructure in New York City

Green Infrastructure (GI) collects stormwater runoff from impervious surfaces, such as streets and roofs, reducing flow to sewers

2012 Consent Order requires GI Bioswales investments over 20 years

$1.5 billion budgeted for GI Citywide to manage 1” of stormwater runoff from 10% of impervious combined sewered areas by 2030 Permeable Pavers

DEP will meet this goal through: • Area-Wide Contracts (right of way green infrastructure) • Public Property Retrofits • Grant Program for Private Property Owners • Stringent Detention Rule for New Development

Green Roofs 17 GI Opportunities for Private Property Owners

 Green Infrastructure Grant Program: DEP provides funding for the design and construction costs of green infrastructure on private property in combined sewer areas of the City.

 Green Roof Tax Abatement: The City provides a one-year property tax abatement for private properties that install green roofs. The abatement value is $5.23 per square foot (up to the lesser of $200,000 or the building’s tax liability) and is available through March 15, 2018.

 2012 Stormwater Rule: In 2012, DEP amended the allowable flow rate of stormwater to the City’s combined sewer system for new and existing development. Site Connection Proposals may include green infrastructure technologies to meet the new allowable rate.

18 Planned Green Infrastructure in Flushing Creek

 Area-Wide GI Contracts: • TI-022 – Geotechnical investigations are complete • TI-011 – Geotechnical investigations are underway • TI-010 – Design will begin this fall/winter

 PS 185Q: • Construction began September 2015 • Rain garden and synthetic turf field for “Schoolyards to Playgrounds” project with TPL/SCA/DOE

 Flushing Town Hall: • In construction • Rain garden and swales with the Department of Cultural Affairs

19 Flushing Creek Preferred Alternative

Recreational Season Disinfection (May 1st – Oct. 31st) *TI-010 – Disinfect at Influent Screens and DC5 *TI-011 – Disinfect at Regulator 9

TI-010 TI-011

• Provides disinfection of • Utilizes gravity, no tank bypass flows effluent pumping TI-010 • Minimizes footprint as • Maximizes use of Benefits disinfection equipment existing infrastructure can be installed at • Cost effective; no existing site retention tank needed

• May require control • May require control structure at end of structure at end of outfall outfall Challenges • Potential residual • Potential residual chlorine issues chlorine issues • Potential impacts due • May require site to street work acquisition TI-011 Construction $2 Million $5 Million *Note: Provisions for floatables control to be O&M Cost $350,000 per Year $300,000 per Year evaluated and included in the design for both TI-010 and TI-011. 20 Flushing Creek Projected Attainment

Projected Attainment with Implementation of LTCP Recommended Plan

Current Classification  Class I – Secondary Contact (Fecal GM ≤ 2000 #/100mL) o 100% Annual Attainment

Potential Future Classification)

 Class SC – Primary Contact (Fecal GM ≤ 200 #/100mL and Entero GM ≤ 30 #/100mL) o Fecal: 67% to 75% Annual Attainment o Entero: 45% to 62% Annual Attainment

21 Projected Fecal Annual Attainment

TI-010 TI-022 TI-011 CSO Outfall CSO Outfall CSO Outfall Compliance 100 = Attainment ≥ 95% for GM ≤ 200 #/100 mL

80 77 77 78 80

75 75

60 67 67

53 48 40 43 39

Fecal Annual Attainment Attainment % Annual 20 Potential Future Class SC 100% CSO Control LTCP Recommended Plan Baseline 0 OW3 OW4 OW5 OW6 Sampling Locations 22 Projected Entero Attainment

TI-010 TI-022 TI-011 CSO Outfall CSO Outfall CSO Outfall Compliance 100 = Attainment ≥ 95% for GM ≤ 30 #/100 mL

69 67 67

61 60 62 59 55 50 40 45 44 41

32 Entero 20 Potential Future Class SC 100% CSO Control

Recreational Attainment Attainment % Recreational LTCP Recommended Plan Baseline 0 OW3 OW4 OW5 OW6 Sampling Locations 23 Projected Dissolved Oxygen Annual Attainment

TI-010 TI-022 TI-011 CSO Outfall CSO Outfall CSO Outfall

100 91 87 87 90 Compliance 83 90 = Attainment ≥ 95% 80 81 for DO daily average 80 ≥ 4.8 mg/L mL 78 81 78 80

Chronic (Daily) DO Annual Attainment Attainment % Annual 20 Potential Future Class SC 100% CSO Control LTCP Recommended Plan Baseline 0 OW3 OW4 OW5 OW6 Sampling Locations 24 Projected Dissolved Oxygen Annual Attainment

TI-010 TI-022 TI-011 CSO Outfall CSO Outfall CSO Outfall

97 98 99 100 100 99

97 95 97 99 92 95 Compliance 92 = Attainment ≥ 95% 80 for DO never < 3.0 mg/L mL

Acute (Hourly) DO Annual Attainment Attainment % Annual 20 Potential Future Class SC 100% CSO Control LTCP Recommended Plan Baseline 0 OW3 OW4 OW5 OW6 Sampling Locations 25 Flushing Creek: CSO Volume Reductions

 Volume Reduction: 53% annual CSO volume reduction through completed / planned Green and Grey infrastructure implementation

3000 BEFORE (2,531 MG/yr) 2500 89

490 53% 2000 CSO Volume Reduction

) (585 MGY of yr 1500 AFTER remaining CSO is also seasonally

MG/ (1,196 MG/yr) ( 84 disinfected)

CSO Discharge Discharge CSO 1000 1,952 399

500 TI-022 713 TI-011 TI-010 0 Pre-WWFP LTCP Baseline (with WWFP Green and Grey Infrastructure) 26 Flushing Creek: Fecal Load Reductions

 Bacteria Reduction: Additional 51% Annual Fecal Reductions as a result of seasonal disinfection at outfalls TI-010 and TI-011 during May 1st to Oct 31st

3500 BEFORE (2,994 x1013) 3000 182.5

) 2500 13 51% 2000 Additional 2030 AFTER 13 Annual 1500 (1,467 x10 ) 182.5 Fecal Load Reduction 1000 Total Organisms (x10 Organisms Total 952 TI-022 500 781 TI-011 332 TI-010 0 LTCP Baseline Post-LTCP Recommended Plan (with WWFP Green and Grey Infrastructure) (with Preferred Alternative) 27 Flushing Creek: Enterococcus Load Reductions

 Bacteria Reduction: Additional 49% Annual Enterococcus Reductions as a result of seasonal disinfection at outfalls TI-010 and TI-011 during May 1st to Oct 31st

BEFORE 500 (476 x1013) 27.6

) 400 13 49% 227 Additional 300 AFTER Annual 13 (238 x10 ) Entero Load 27.6 200 Reduction 108 Total Organisms (x10 Organisms Total TI-022 100 221 TI-011 102 TI-010 0 LTCP Baseline Post-LTCP Recommended Plan (with WWFP Green and Grey Infrastructure) (with Preferred Alternative) 28 Flushing Creek Tentative Implementation Schedule

*This is the projected schedule pending DEC approval of the Flushing Creek LTCP

29 FC LTCP Proposed Final Recommendations

 Continue to implement the Green Infrastructure Program

 Implement Preferred Alternative • Seasonal disinfection at outfalls TI-010 and TI-011

 Perform a Use Attainability Analysis (UAA) to evaluate factors (e.g. physical, chemical, biological, economical, etc.) affecting water quality attainment

 Establish a wet-weather advisory during the recreational season (May 1st – Oct 31st)

30 Army Corps of Engineers: Dredging Project

Per ACOE Website: Plan to dredge portions of the navigation channels of Flushing Bay and Creek BASIC WORK: Approximate Project advertised locations of areas CHANNEL to be dredged and bids received in July 2015 OPIONAL WORK: Approximate locations of areas Expect to initiate to be dredged work later this year

31 Flushing Bay (FB) LTCP Kick-Off Meeting

32 Flushing Bay LTCP Process & Public Involvement

Queens Community Board 3 Meeting on LTCP Due Public Outreach 6/30/16 9/17/2015

Existing Data Alternatives Information Collection & Modeling Development LTCP DEC Review Review Analysis & Evaluation

Kickoff Meeting Alternatives Final Plan TODAY Review Meeting Review Meeting Spring 2016 TBD

ONGOING PUBLIC/STAKEHOLDER INPUT

33 Public Participation

 Goal: . Raise awareness, foster understanding, and encourage input on LTCP development

 Activities: . Local public meetings in each watershed and existing forums . Annual citywide public meetings . Meeting with key stakeholders and organizations . Briefings with elected officials and their staff

 Communication Tools: . DEP Program Website . DEP Social Media . Advisories & Notifications

34 Flushing Bay Waterbody / Watershed Characteristics

Keith Beckmann, P.E. LTCP Program Manager DEP

35 FB Classification & Current Water Quality Standard

WESTCHESTER

BRONX

QUEENS

BROOKLYN STATEN ISLAND

CLASS I Boating/Fishing The best usages of Class I waters are secondary contact recreation and fishing. These waters are suitable for fish, shellfish and wildlife propagation and survival.

Dissolved Bacteria Oxygen Fecal Coliform Total Coliform (mg/l) (col/100 ml) (col/100 ml)

≥ 4.0 ≤ 2,000* ≤ 10,000 (Monthly GM) (Monthly GM)

*Note: New rulemaking proposed by DEC for primary contact criteria for Class I and Class SD of ≤ 200 col/100 ml for Fecal Coliform. 36 Flushing Bay Ongoing and New Developments

1 1) LaGuardia Airport Central Building Redevelopment . Construct a new terminal south of the existing Central Building . Build 4 concourses 1 . Maximize aircraft movement areas . Provide new roadways and parking with direct access to the new terminal 4 2 3 2 2) The Eastern Emerald Hotel (Formerly LaGuardia Convention Center) . 12-story, 106,000 SF mixed-use building . 197 hotel guestrooms . 206 residential apartments . Community facility and parking garage 4) Flushing West 4 Neighborhood Planning Study 3) Special Willets . Potential Rezoning 3 . Hotel, affordable housing of C4-2, M3-1 and . Office and retail space M1-1 districts . Public esplanade . Increase allowable . Surface parking/recreational area residential density Willets West & Roosevelt Avenue . Provide well-defined waterfront access and public . Entertainment retail center amenity plan . Retail stores, movie theaters, . Recalibrate minimum off-street parking requirements restaurant, entertainment venues . Guide the height and massing of new buildings . Surface parking

37 Flushing Bay Current Uses

 Waterfront Public Access 4 1 Flushing Bay Esplanade and Marina

Professional Service Center Park 3 3 4 Macneil Park

 Boat Access 2 Public Boat Dock 2 (East end of Flushing Bay Esplanade at 127th Pl) 1

1 – Flushing Bay Esplanade 2 – Public Boat Dock 3 – Professional Service Center Park 38 Flushing Bay Drainage Area

 Annual Wet-Weather Discharge Volume: . ~1,300 million gallon (typical year pre-WWFP) . Outfalls BB-006 and BB-008 contribute over 90% of total discharge to Flushing Bay

 Sewer System: . Tallman Island and Bowery Bay WWTP . 10 CSO Outfalls ( ) . 4 MS4 Outfalls ( )

Bowery Tallman LaGuardia Bay Island Airport WWTP WWTP

Drainage (! MS4 Outfall 5,603 404 596 #* CSO Outfalls Area Acres LaGuardia Storm Drainage Tallman Island Drainage Area Served by Combined Combined Separate/Direct 90% 18% N/A Bowery Bay Drainage Area Sewers Combined Separate/Direct 39 Flushing Bay Drainage Area Land Use

LEGEND Residential Mixed Residential and Commercial Commercial and Office Industrial and Manufacturing Transportation and Utility Public Facilities and Institutions Open Space and Outdoor Recreation Parking Facilities Vacant Land Unknown

Residential & Commercial 62%

Transportation & Utility 15%

Other 7%

Public Facility 6%

Park and Open Space 5%

Industrial 5% 40 Flushing Bay Sampling Locations

LTCP Sampling: • Outfall Pipe • 2 CSO Outfalls (BB-006 & BB-008) • Flushing Bay • 12 locations Inner Bay: (OW7 thru OW9) Outer Bay: (OW10 thru OW15)

Other Sampling Programs: Outer Bay • Harbor Survey Monitoring • 3 locations Inner Bay (E15, FB1, E6) • Sentinel Monitoring • 2 locations (S65, S66) • Citizen Sampling • 1 location (World’s Fair Marina)

41 Flushing Bay Fecal Coliform Results October 21, 2013 – May 7, 2014 Inner Bay Outer Bay 939 1000 681 612 610 469 Potential Future 311 Primary Contact WQ GM Criterion 201 161 200 #/100 mL 124 112 85 100 74

24 26 22 24 16

15 Geometric Mean Geometric

10 6.4 7 5.8 7 6.2 Fecal Coliform, #/100 #/100 mL Coliform, Fecal 5.0 ~247 Dry and ~692 Wet samples per location Dry Weather Wet Weather

1 OW7* OW7A OW7B OW7C OW8 OW9 OW10* OW11 OW12 OW13 OW14 OW15*

Sampling Locations *Includes LTCP and Harbor Survey Data 42 Flushing Bay Enterococci Results October 21, 2013 – May 7, 2014 Inner Bay Outer Bay 1000.0 ~247 Dry and ~692 Wet samples per location 241 Dry Weather 172 142 150 Wet Weather 116 85 100.0 60 Potential Future Primary Contact WQ GM Criterion 31 32 34 36

30 #/100 mL 25 Geometric Mean Geometric 9 10.0 7 6 6 Enterococci, Enterococci, #/100 mL 5.5 4.5 4 4 4.2 3.6 3.9 3.9

1.0 OW7* OW7A OW7B OW7C OW8 OW9 OW10* OW11 OW12 OW13 OW14 OW15*

Sampling Locations *Includes LTCP and Harbor Survey Data 43 FB Landside Sampling / Flow Monitoring Program  Duration =July to Oct 2015

 No. of Locations = 6

 2 CSO Outfalls: = BB-006 and BB-008

 CSO Water Quality Analysis for: o Fecal Coliform o Enterococci

44 Flushing Bay Water Quality Improvement Projects Green and Grey Infrastructure

Angela Licata Keith Beckmann, P.E. Deputy Commissioner LTCP Program Manager DEP DEP

45 Flushing Bay Built and Planned GI Projects BB-008: • 400 Bioswales • 1 Stormwater Greenstreets • 2 Parks • 1 School BB-006: • 560 Bioswales • 17 Stormwater Greenstreets • 26,000 SF Porous Concrete Pilot • 10 Parks • 2 Schools

Public Property Retrofits

1. PS 12 James B. Colgate 9. Annadale Playground 2. Winfield Plaza 10. Hoffman Park 3. Corona Golf Playground 11. PS 102 Bayview 4. PS 13 Clement C. Moore 12. Russel Sage Playground 5. Newtown Playground 13. The Painter’s Playground 6. Horace Harding Park 14. Ehrenreich-Austin Playground 7. Real Good Park 15. Forest Park Union Turnpike 8. JHS 157 Stephen A Halsey 16. Forest Park Victory Field (Already Constructed) 46 GI at Stephen A. Halsey Junior High School

Implemented GI Types:  Permeable Pavers  Synthetic Turf Field  Pervious Concrete

Before

After 47 Flushing Bay Grey Infrastructure

Grey Infrastructure Results in CSO Reduction and Addresses Legacy CSO Odor Issues

Waterbody/Watershed Facility Plan (WWFP) Recommended Implementation of Three Grey Infrastructure Projects:

1) Divert Low-Lying Sewers / Raise Weir BB-02 2) Regulator Modifications

3) Environmental Dredging of Flushing Bay

48 1) Divert Low-Lying Sewers / Raise Weir BB-02

Divert low-lying sewers in the vicinity of Bowery Bay WWTP and raise the weir at regulator BB-02

• Estimated Cost • Construction Completion • Current Status = $5.6 Million = December 2016 = In Construction

49 2) Regulator Modifications

Bowery Bay high level interceptor regulator

modifications at 5 BB-R2 regulators: BB-R4, BB-R5, BB-R6, BB-R9, and BB-R10 BB-R5 BB-R4 • Estimated Cost = $41.4 Million

BB-R6 • Construction Completion = June 2018 BB-R9 • Current Status = Design Completed

Regulator modification at BB-R10 BB-R2 is covered under a separate project

50 3) Environmental Dredging of Flushing Bay

 Removal of CSO related sediments that are exposed at low tides  Dredge Area = 17.5 acres  Dredge Quantity = 91,600 cubic yards  Post-Dredge Depth = 4 feet below mean lower low water  Removal of deteriorated piles and abandoned Pier head at Pier 2

• Estimated Cost = $38.8 Million

• Current status = Design Completed

Milestone Date NTP Construction March 2016 Complete Dredging & March 2019 Planting Complete Wetlands March 2021 Maintenance 51 Flushing Bay Modeled CSO Volumes

1600

1400 BEFORE (1297 MG/yr) 57 AFTER 1200 (1130 MG/yr) ~13% 54 CSO Volume 1000 486 Reduction 423 800 40 (MGY) TI-019 600 36 TI-018 TI-017 TI-016

CSO Discharge Discharge CSO Volume 400 TI-015 714 617 TI-014 TI-012 200 BB-008 BB-007 BB-006 0 Pre-WWFP LTCP Baseline (with Grey and Green WWFP Infrastructure Recommendations)

52 Flushing Bay CSO Mitigation Options

Watersheds INCREASING Water Quality Floatables Dissolved Oxygen / Ecological Dredging Flushing Tunnel Control Improvement Enhancement Treatment Outfall High Rate Satellite: Retention Treatment Basin (RTB)

Disinfection Clarification (HRC) COST

Centralized: WWTP Expansion

Storage In-System Shaft Tank Tunnel

53 Next Steps

Eric Landau Associate Commissioner DEP

54 Public Comments

 Public Comments will be accepted for Flushing Bay and Flushing Creek through October 30, 2015

 DEP/DEC to review public comments

 DEC to approve Flushing Creek LTCP

 Comments can be submitted to: • New York City DEP at: [email protected]

55 Additional Information & Resources

 Visit the informational tables tonight for handouts and poster boards with detailed information

 Go to www.nyc.gov/dep/ltcp to access:

. LTCP Public Participation Plan . Presentation, handouts and poster boards from this meeting . Links to Waterbody/Watershed Facility Plans . CSO Order including LTCP Goal Statement . NYC’s Green Infrastructure Plan . Green Infrastructure Pilots 2011 and 2012 Monitoring Results . NYC Waterbody Advisory Program . Upcoming meeting announcements . Other LTCP updates

56 Open Discussion