Peace in Caucasus
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THE ARMENIAN Mirrorc SPECTATOR Since 1932
THE ARMENIAN MIRRORc SPECTATOR Since 1932 Volume LXXXXI, NO. 43, Issue 4685 MAY 15, 2021 $2.00 Former President Kocharyan Looks And Acts Like New Candidate By Raffi Elliott Special to the Mirror-Spectator YEREVAN – Armenia’s second president, Robert Ko- charyan, took a further step towards formalizing his par- ticipation in upcoming snap parliamentary elections on Sunday, May 9. At a press briefing for his newly-established electoral alliance, dubbed the Armenia Bloc, the former president told reporters that he decided to return to politics to rectify what he believes are great threats to the country’s long- Russian peacekeepers arriving in Shushi last year (Sputnik photo) term security and stability allegedly caused by the cur- rent authorities. Kocharyan accuses Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan’s government of failing to provide security in Russia Vows No Letup in Karabakh Peace Efforts border regions, signing the November 9 cease-fire on un- YEREVAN (RFE/RL) — Russia will keep doing its best forts to get Armenia and Azerbaijan to open their transport favourable terms, and mismanaging the economy. to ensure the full implementation of the Russian-brokered links after decades of conflict. He said a trilateral working agreement that stopped the Armenian-Azerbaijani war in group formed by the Russian, Armenian and Azerbaijani Nagorno-Karabakh, Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said governments for that purpose is helping to further stabilize during a visit to Yerevan on Thursday, May 6. the situation in the Karabakh conflict zone. “We are not reducing our efforts at returning all detainees to their homes, demining, preserving cultural and religious heritage as well as launching the work of relevant interna- “We are not reducing our efforts tional organizations in Nagorno-Karabakh,” Lavrov said at returning all detainees to their homes, demining, preserving cultural and religious heritage.. -
Armenia by Alexander Iskandaryan
Armenia by Alexander Iskandaryan Capital: Yerevan Population: 3.0 million GNI/capita, PPP: US$8,140 Source: The data above are drawn from the World Bank’sWorld Development Indicators 2014. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Electoral Process 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.50 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 Civil Society 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 Independent Media 5.50 5.50 5.75 5.75 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 5.75 5.75 National Democratic Governance 5.00 5.00 5.25 5.25 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 Local Democratic Governance 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 Judicial Framework and Independence 5.25 5.00 5.00 5.25 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.50 Corruption 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.75 5.50 5.50 5.50 5.25 5.25 5.25 Democracy Score 5.18 5.14 5.21 5.21 5.39 5.39 5.43 5.39 5.36 5.36 NOTE: The ratings reflect the consensus of Freedom House, its academic advisers, and the author(s) of this report. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author(s). The ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the highest level of democratic progress and 7 the lowest. -
Environmental Assessment Report Armenia: North-South Road
Environmental Assessment Report Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Document Stage: Draft Sub-project Number: 42145 August 2010 Armenia: North-South Road Corridor Investment Program Tranches 2 & 3 Prepared by Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC) of Armenia for Asian Development Bank The environmental impact assessment is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Armenia: North-South Road Corridor Investment Program Tranches 2 & 3 – Environmental Impact Assessment Report ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AARM ADB Armenian Resident Mission CO2 carbon dioxide EA executing agency EARF environmental assessment and review framework EIA environmental impact assessment EMP environmental management and monitoring plan IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature LARP Land Acquisition and Resettlement Plan MFF multi-tranche financing facility MNP Ministry of Nature Protection MOC Ministry of Culture MOH Ministry of Health MOTC Ministry of Transport and Communication NGO nongovernment organization NO2 nitrogen dioxide NO nitrogen oxide MPC maximum permissible concentration NPE Nature Protection Expertise NSS National Statistical Service PAHs polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PMU Project Management Unit PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance RA Republic of Armenia RAMSAR Ramsar Convention on Wetlands REA Rapid Environmental Assessment (checklist) SEI State Environmental Inspectorate -
Aram Khachaturian
Boris Berezovsky ARAM KHACHATURIAN Boris Berezovsky has established a great reputation, both as the most powerful of Violin Sonata and Dances from Gayaneh & Spartacus virtuoso pianists and as a musician gifted with a unique insight and a great sensitivity. Born in Moscow, Boris Berezovsky studied at the Moscow Conservatory with Eliso Hideko Udagawa violin Virsaladze and privately with Alexander Satz. Subsequent to his London début at the Wigmore Hall in 1988, The Times described him as "an artist of exceptional promise, a player of dazzling virtuosity and formidable power". Two years later he won the Gold Boris Berezovsky piano Medal at the 1990 International Tchaïkovsky Competition in Moscow. Boris Berezovsky is regularly invited by the most prominent orchestras including the Philharmonia of London/Leonard Slatkin, the New York Philharmonic/Kurt Mazur, the Munich Philharmonic, Oslo Philharmonic, the Danish National Radio Symphony/Leif Segerstam, the Frankfurt Radio Symphony/Dmitri Kitaenko, the Birmingham Sympho- ny, the Berlin Symphonic Orchestra/ Marek Janowski, the Rotterdam Philharmonic, the Orchestre National de France. His partners in Chamber Music include Brigitte Engerer, Vadim Repin, Dmitri Makhtin, and Alexander Kniazev. Boris Berezovsky is often invited to the most prestigious international recitals series: The Berlin Philharmonic Piano serie, Concertgebouw International piano serie and the Royal Festival Hall Internatinal Piano series in London and to the great stages as the Théâtre des Champs-Elysées in Paris, the Palace of fine Arts in Brussells, the Konzerthaus of Vienna, the Megaron in Athena. 12 NI 6269 NI 6269 1 Her recent CD with the Philharmonia Orchestra was released by Signum Records in 2010 to coincide with her recital in Cadogan Hall. -
Birdwatching Tour
PIRT “Via Pontica” Birdwatching Tour PROMOTING INNOVATIVE RURAL TOURISM IN THE BLACK SEA BASIN REGION 2014 Table of Contents Birdwatching Sites .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Armenia ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Bulgaria .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 36 Turkey ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 51 Technical Requirements, Issues and Solutions ............................................................................................................................................................ 70 Detailed Itinerary ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ -
Armenia-And-The-Armenian-Question
iedof £50rélchE-‘leem B / 6” . as 0nd 1315 Atina ?kwt‘yw‘ i Jt“miReeve ed y$ 3,3”o% il”AC st. © . % > ® to KhfiruzfliDagh Ahlat Van Gotii Defined by Pres. Wilson SCALE = 1:3,000,000 . j : ¥o _60 30 to w F war boundary between- Turkish "p -~ WPre r CE and Russian ) Armenia. + C j % STATUTE Sap e AIME ..... , Armenian Repubhc declared MILES 2 4 mdepend- 7 rosy s % » 0161.0 ® Went" ence May 28 1928 | Geroug* Soviet Republic of Armema. ARMENIA AND THE ARMENIAN QUESTION SIMON VRATZIAN Translated from the Armenian By JAMES G. MANDALIAN $0¢ HATRENIK PUBLISHING COMPANY BOSTON 1943 No future peace can permanently be maintained unless the downfall of present day dictatorships is followed by the establishment of those factors which make peace enduring, foremost among which is the principle of the rights of national freedom and of self- determination. This is the reason why the Atlantic Charter-the official expression of our war aims-gives first place to the national questions. "They desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned. "They respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign rights and self-govern- ment restored to those who have been forcibly de- prived of them." The Armenians are one of those peoples whose fatherland has been forcibly seized; consequently, they are a people who have been forcibly deprived of "sovereign rights and self-government." After the present war of liberation, together with all other countries which have been deprived of their freedom, Armenia, too, expects the restoration of her bounda- vii ries, her lost freedom and her sovereign right to take her place in the family of nations. -
THE ARMENIAN Mirrorc SPECTATOR Since 1932
THE ARMENIAN MIRRORc SPECTATOR Since 1932 Volume LXXXXI, NO. 37, Issue 4679 APRIL 3, 2021 $2.00 Third Dink Murder Trial Verdicts Issued, Dink Family Issues Statement ISTANBUL (MiddleEastEye, Bianet, Dink Fami- ly) — An Istanbul court issued six sentences of life imprisonment and 23 jail terms, while 33 defendants were acquitted on March 26 in the third court case concerning the January 2007 Hrant Dink murder. One individual died during the trial, leading to charges against him being dropped. Among those sentenced were former police chiefs and security officials. Reporters Without Borders (RSF) Representative to Turkey Erol Önderoğlu commented: “The Hrant Dink case is not over. This is the third trial and it does not comprise behind-the-scenes actors who threatened him with a statement, threw him before vi- olent groups as an object of hate or failed to act so that he would get killed. As a matter of fact, the attorneys of the Dink family made an application to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) last year as they could A cargo plane carrying COVID-19 Vaccines lands in Armenia. not have over 20 officials put on trial.” The 17-year-old Ogun Samast was convicted of the crime in 2011 but it was clear that he could not have Large Shipment of AstraZeneca carried out this alone. The first court ruling was issued Vaccine Arrives in Armenia By Raffi Elliott The shipment, which was initially Agency (EMA). Special to the Mirror-Spectator expected in mid-February, had been At a press conference held in Yere- delayed due to disruptions in the glob- van on Monday, Deputy Director of YEREVAN — A Swiss Air cargo al supply chain. -
Armenian Involvement in the 1925-1946 Kurdish Rebellions in Republican Turkey: Trying to Map the Origins of “Hidden Armenians
Armenian Involvement in the 1925-1946 Kurdish Rebellions in Republican Turkey: Trying to Map the Origins of “Hidden Armenians By: GARABET K MOUMDJIAN Abstract: The history of Armenian-Kurdish relations extends over centuries. In the 1800’s, Armenians were involved in the Kurdish rebellions in Kurdistan proper. The rebellions were crushed by Ottoman military might.1 After the Armenian Genocide of 1915, a new phase of Armenian involvement in yet a new episode of Kurdish rebellions ensued in Republican Turkey. This new collusion lasted all the way to the late 1930s. The aim of the ARF (Armenian Revolutionary Federation, AKA Tashnagtsutyune) at the time was twofold: Dispersion into the Middle East was considered to be a temporary sojourn and the ARF was adamant in its thinking that Armenians should repatriate to their historic homeland. The ARF attempted such an adventurous plan due to its knowledge that many pockets of Armenians—ergo, what would later become known as “Hidden Armenians”—existed in the Eastern Provinces of the newly established Turkish Republic. Toward the end of World War II there was some optimism that the Soviet Union could reoccupy some of the historical Western Armenian lands and incorporate them into the Soviet Armenian Republic. The ARF, regardless of its ideological opposition to the Soviet Union at the time, agreed to a détente with its arch-enemy for such a nascent purpose. Having access to archival material from republican Turkey, the Soviet Union, Armenia, France, Britain, as well as the memoirs and letters of some prominent ARF leaders involved in the Kurdish rebellions of the time creates a unique opportunity to present a more detailed account about the period under. -
Aram KHACHATURIAN (1903 – 1978) Adagio of Spartacus and Phrygia From
Aram KHACHATURIAN (1903 – 1978) Adagio of Spartacus and Phrygia from “Spartacus” Born into an Armenian family in Tbilisi in 1903, Aram Khachaturian's musical identity formed slowly. A tuba player in his school band and a self-taught pianist, he wanted to be a biologist and did not study music formally until entering Moscow's Gnesin Music Academy - as a cellist - in 1922. His considerable musical talents were soon manifested and, by 1925, he was studying composition. In 1929, Khachaturian joined Nikolai Miaskovsky's composition class at the Moscow Conservatory. Khachaturian graduated in 1934 and before the completion of his postgraduate studies, the successful premieres of such works as the Symphony No. 2 in a minor and the Piano Concerto in D-flat Major established him as the leading Soviet composer of his generation. During the vicious government-sponsored attacks on the Soviet Composers' Union in the late-1940s, Khachaturian withstood a great deal of criticism even though his music contained few of the objectionable traits found in the music of more adventuresome colleagues. In 1950, following a humble apology for his artistic "errors", he joined the composition faculty of the Moscow Conservatory and the Gnesin Academy. During the years until his death in 1978, Khachaturian made frequent European conducting appearances and, in January of 1968, made a culturally significant trip to Washington, D.C., to conduct the National Symphony Orchestra in a program of his own works. In addition to the aforementioned compositions, Khachaturian’s other works include film scores, songs, piano pieces, and chamber music. The degree of Khachaturian's success as a Soviet composer can be measured by his many honors, which include the 1941 Lenin Prize, the 1959 Stalin Prize, and title, in 1954, of People's Artist. -
Aram Khachaturian - Biography
Aram Khachaturian - Biography - The composer Aram Khachaturian, born in 1903 in Tiflis (Georgia) only decided on a musical career relatively late in life. He began his studies at the age of 19, first in the cello class of the Gnessin Musical-Technical School, then as a composition student. From 1930 he attended the Moscow Conservatory, studying with Miaskovsky (composition) and Vassilenko (orchestration). Each of his teachers imparted a different side of Russian music to him, respectively: through Vassilenko, Khachaturian made contact with "conservative" strivings, whereas in Miaskovsky he encountered a personality who was constantly on the lookout for the new. A third tendency, coming from his ancestry, was the integration of Armenian folklore. Khachaturian succeeded in connecting the folk music of his Armenian-Caucasian homeland with Russian art music. "I don't think I've written a single work not in some way bearing the stamp of the essence of folk culture and art." Above all, the ballet "Gayaneh" is the expression of this very personal, individual will. The "Sabre Dance" from it has become especially famous throughout the world. Khachaturian's breakthrough as a composer, however, already occurred in 1933/34 with the world premiere of his First Symphony and the Piano Concerto, a work played today all over the world. In 1951 he became Professor of Composition at the Moscow Conservatory and advanced to Secretary of the Composers' Union of the Soviet Union in 1957. Already many years prior to this he had made a name for himself as a conductor and made guest appearances in this capacity in the West starting in the mid-1970s. -
Speaking to One Another: Personal Memories of the Past in Armenia and Turkey
Speaking to One Another: Personal Memories of the Past in Armenia and Turkey Wish they hadn’t left L E Y L A N EYZİ Whom to forgive? What to forgive? H R A N U S H K HARATYAN- A RAQELYAN Published by: Institut für Internationale Zusammenarbeit Des Deutschen Volkshochschul-Verbandes (dvv international) ISBN 978-3-88513-780-1 Project coordinators: Matthias Klingenberg, Vanya Ivanova, Nazaret Nazaretyan Editor (Turkey section): Liz Erçevik Amado Editor (Armenia section): Nouneh Dilanyan Translator from Armenian to English: Samvel Simonyan Design & Layout: Maraton Dizgievi Cover photo: © Parajanov Museum Yerevan Photographs (Turkey section): © Sibel Maksudyan Print: MAS Matbaacılık A.Ş. Hamidiye Mahallesi, Soğuksu Caddesi, No: 3 Kağıthane-İstanbul-Türkiye +90 212 294 10 00 • [email protected] Opinions expressed in papers published under the names of individual authors do not necessarily reflect those of the Pub- lisher and editors. This publication, or parts of it, may be reproduced provided the source is duly cited. The Publisher asks to be furnished with copies of any such reproductions. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. © 2010 dvv international dvv international Obere Wilhelmstraße 32 – 53225 Bonn Federal Republic of Germany Tel: +49/228-975 69-0 Fax: +49/228-975 69-55 [email protected] www.dvv-international.de For further -
HAYK's SPIRIT IS IMMORTAL More Than 4500-Year-Old Roots of The
HAYK’S SPIRIT IS IMMORTAL Danielyan E. L. Doctor of Sciences (History) ETERNAL GLORY AND HONOR TO THE HEROES AND THEIR COMRADES-IN-ARMS WHO SACRIFICED THEIR LIVES FOR THE FREEDOM AND INDEPENDENCE OF THE FATHERLAND More than 4500-year-old roots of the Armenian Army are hallowed by the freedom struggle of the Armenian nation for the defence of the Fatherland against foreign invaders. The Armenian liberation torch sanctified by Hayk Nahapet (Patriarch) passed over from Hayots Dzor1 to Avarayr, Zeytun, Sasun, Sardarapat and has reached Artsakh. The heroes sacrificing their lives for the liberation of the Fatherland are immortalized. Hayk Lake Van 1 Մովսէս Խորենացի, Պատմութիւն Հայոց, Երևան, 1991, էջ 32-37: The year 2008 marked the 4500th anniversary of the victory of the Armenian Patriarch Hayk against Bel at the battle of Hayots Dzor (on the shore of Lake Van). Thе calendar calculation of the date based on the periodicity of “Hayk’s Cycle” of the “Ancient Armenian era” was done by the famous Armenologist Ghevond Alishan (1820-1901) (Ալիշան Ղ., Յուշիկք հայրենեաց Հայոց, հ. Ա, Վենետիկ, 1920, էջ 85). There was no leap-year in the ancient Armenian era, since a year was always considered to consist of 365 days; hence the year and the date were movable. Thus 1460 years, according to the Julian calendar, amount to 1461 years, according to the Armenian Calendar. By such periodicity of the “Cycle of Hayk”, 2492 BC denotes the year of Hayk’s victory. The beginning of the victorious year was Navasard 1 (=August 11). New discoveries connected with the observations of the starry sky (the 6th millennium BC - Zorats kar (Karahunj), the first half of the 3rd millennium BC - Metsamor), archaeological excavations and petroglyphs in the Armenian Highland, bear witness to the deep Haykian roots, and that the glorious victory of Hayk symbolized the beginning of a very important new epoch of the Armenian history.