Tracks of Tropical Cyclones in 2012 ?7@ Jelawat (), Oct !
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The Wind Features Associated with the Multiple Eyewall in Typhoon Bolaven
The Wind Features associated with the Multiple Eyewall in Typhoon Bolaven Seiji ORIGUCHI, Kazuo SAITO, Hiromu SEKO, Wataru Mashiko and Masaru KUNII Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0052, JAPAN E-mail: [email protected] 1. Introduction Typhoon ‘Bolaven’ passed the Okinawa Main Island at about 1200 UTC 26 August 2012, while moving northwestward. The surface observation data at Nago of Okinawa show that the rainfall intensity and surface wind speed in the typhoon’s central regions were smaller and weaker than those of the JMA’s operational forecast. Okinawa Meteorological Observatory held an unprecedented press conference before the approach of typhoon ‘Bolaven’ to take the greatest precautions for the local governments and inhabitants. However, severe damages did not actually occur. The radar images of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) show that the multiple eyewall structures of ‘Bolaven’ were clearly maintained for more than at least 24 hours without eyewall replacements. It is deduced that the structures of multiple eyewall affected the wind velocity and precipitation in the typhoon’s central region. In this study, the multiple eyewall structures and wind features were reproduced by the cloud-resolving ensemble simulation to investigate the relation between them. 2. Experimental settings and Multi-Eye Index A cloud resolving ensemble simulation with a horizontal resolution of 1 km, horizontal grids of 800×800, 60 vertical layers and 11 members was performed up to the forecast time (FT) of 24 hours from the initial time at 1800 UTC 25 August using the JMA nonhydrostatic model. The initial and boundary conditions for the cloud resolving ensemble simulation were taken from a mesoscale ensemble simulation with a horizontal resolution of 5 km. -
SCIENCE CHINA Effects of Tide-Surge Interactions on Storm Surges Along
SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences • RESEARCH PAPER • doi: 10.1007/s11430-015-5251-y Effects of tide-surge interactions on storm surges along the coast of the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea XU JunLi1, ZHANG YuHong2, CAO AnZhou1, LIU Qiang2* & LV XianQing1 1 Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; 2 College of Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China Received August 27, 2015; accepted November 17, 2015 Abstract A two-dimensional coupled tide-surge model was used to investigate the effects of tide-surge interactions on storm surges along the coast of the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea. In order to estimate the impacts of tide-surge interactions on storm surge elevations, Typhoon 7203 was assumed to arrive at 12 different times, with all other conditions remaining constant. This allowed simulation of tide and total water levels for 12 separate cases. Numerical simulation results for Yingkou, Huludao, Shijiusuo, and Lianyungang tidal stations were analyzed. Model results showed wide variations in storm surge elevations across the 12 cases. The largest difference between 12 extreme storm surge elevation values was of up to 58 cm and occurred at Yingkou tidal station. The results indicate that the effects of tide-surge interactions on storm surge elevations are very significant. It is therefore essential that these are taken into account when predicting storm surge elevations. Keywords Storm surges, Astronomical tides, Tide-surge interactions, Typhoon 7203, Coupled tide-surge model Citation: Xu J L, Zhang Y H, Cao A Z, Liu Q, Lv X Q. -
4. the TROPICS—HJ Diamond and CJ Schreck, Eds
4. THE TROPICS—H. J. Diamond and C. J. Schreck, Eds. Pacific, South Indian, and Australian basins were a. Overview—H. J. Diamond and C. J. Schreck all particularly quiet, each having about half their The Tropics in 2017 were dominated by neutral median ACE. El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) condi- Three tropical cyclones (TCs) reached the Saffir– tions during most of the year, with the onset of Simpson scale category 5 intensity level—two in the La Niña conditions occurring during boreal autumn. North Atlantic and one in the western North Pacific Although the year began ENSO-neutral, it initially basins. This number was less than half of the eight featured cooler-than-average sea surface tempera- category 5 storms recorded in 2015 (Diamond and tures (SSTs) in the central and east-central equatorial Schreck 2016), and was one fewer than the four re- Pacific, along with lingering La Niña impacts in the corded in 2016 (Diamond and Schreck 2017). atmospheric circulation. These conditions followed The editors of this chapter would like to insert two the abrupt end of a weak and short-lived La Niña personal notes recognizing the passing of two giants during 2016, which lasted from the July–September in the field of tropical meteorology. season until late December. Charles J. Neumann passed away on 14 November Equatorial Pacific SST anomalies warmed con- 2017, at the age of 92. Upon graduation from MIT siderably during the first several months of 2017 in 1946, Charlie volunteered as a weather officer in and by late boreal spring and early summer, the the Navy’s first airborne typhoon reconnaissance anomalies were just shy of reaching El Niño thresh- unit in the Pacific. -
'State Visit-Plus' for Trump in China
BEIJING Your Beijing Bible • Insightful and interactive – real voices from the capital’s expat community • Issues, life and style • Culture, eating, nightlife and more Metro Beijing appears in the English edition of the Global Times here in Beijing, Monday to Friday. Nation InDepth Life Business Path out Common Plunder Dandong of poverty destiny & rescue angry at US 6 12-13 20 sanctions B1 www.globaltimes.com.cn VOLUME 9 • NO. 2432 • TUESDAY NOVEMBER 7, 2017 PRICE 2 YUAN Vigil for the victims A candlelight vigil is observed on Sunday following the mass shooting at the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas, that left 26 people dead (see stories on pages 3 and 10). Photo: AFP Chinese public keenly follows Asia trip Beidou navigation system to ‘outperform GPS by 2020’ ‘State visit-plus’ for dou Navigation Satellite Sys- By Liu Yang in Xichang and Zhang Hui in Beijing tem. Beidou will lead the world China used a single carrier and outperform the GPS sys- Trump in China rocket Sunday night to launch tem by around 2020 when two state-of-the-art satellites Beidou goes global, into space, marking the global Chinese space ex- 2 network expansion of its Bei- perts said. Global By Li Ruohan first foreign head of state to vis- communication on significant it China after the 19th National issues of common concern to Amid tremendous public curi- Congress of the Communist build a new consensus, en- osity over the visit of US Presi- Party of China. hance mutual understanding Inside dent Donald Trump, China is China and the US are and friendship, and promote pulling out all the stops in its working to ensure President bilateral relations in all spheres, Top News: Chinese fear rising US gun violence 3 preparations for the leader who Trump’s state visit is a “historic Zheng said. -
Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using Multi-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks from Geostationary Satellite Data
remote sensing Article Tropical Cyclone Intensity Estimation Using Multi-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks from Geostationary Satellite Data Juhyun Lee 1, Jungho Im 1,* , Dong-Hyun Cha 1, Haemi Park 2 and Seongmun Sim 1 1 School of Urban & Environmental Engineering in Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea; [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (D.-H.C.); [email protected] (S.S.) 2 Institute of Industrial Science in the University of Tokyo, A building, 4 Chome-6-1 Komaba, Meguro City, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-52-217-2824 Received: 25 November 2019; Accepted: 25 December 2019; Published: 28 December 2019 Abstract: For a long time, researchers have tried to find a way to analyze tropical cyclone (TC) intensity in real-time. Since there is no standardized method for estimating TC intensity and the most widely used method is a manual algorithm using satellite-based cloud images, there is a bias that varies depending on the TC center and shape. In this study, we adopted convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which are part of a state-of-art approach that analyzes image patterns to estimate TC intensity by mimicking human cloud pattern recognition. Both two dimensional-CNN (2D-CNN) and three-dimensional-CNN (3D-CNN) were used to analyze the relationship between multi-spectral geostationary satellite images and TC intensity. Our best-optimized model produced a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 8.32 kts, resulting in better performance (~35%) than the existing model using the CNN-based approach with a single channel image. -
A Summary of Palau's Typhoon History 1945-2013
A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History 1945-2013 Coral Reef Research Foundation, Palau Dec, 2014 © Coral Reef Research Foundation 2014 Suggested citation: Coral Reef Research Foundation, 2014. A Summary of Palau’s Typhoon History. Technical Report, 17pp. www.coralreefpalau.org Additions and suggestions welcome. Please email: [email protected] 2 Summary: Since 1945 Palau has had 68 recorded typhoons, tropical storms or tropical depressions come within 200 nmi of its islands or reefs. At their nearest point to Palau, 20 of these were typhoon strength with winds ≥64kts, or an average of 1 typhoon every 3 years. November and December had the highest number of significant storms; July had none over 40 kts and August had no recorded storms. Data Compilation: Storms within 200 nmi (nautical miles) of Palau were identified from the Digital Typhoon, National Institute of Informatics, Japan web site (http://agora.ex.nii.ac.jp/digital- typhoon/reference/besttrack.html.en). The storm tracks and intensities were then obtained from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) (https://metoc.ndbc.noaa.gov/en/JTWC/). Three storm categories were used following the JTWC: Tropical Depression, winds ≤ 33 kts; Tropical Storm, winds 34-63 kts; Typhoon ≥64kts. All track data was from the JTWC archives. Tracks were plotted on Google Earth and the nearest distance to land or reef, and bearing from Palau, were measured; maximum sustained wind speed in knots (nautical miles/hr) at that point was recorded. Typhoon names were taken from the Digital Typhoon site, but typhoon numbers for the same typhoon were from the JTWC archives. -
Detail Response to Referee #1 (Anonymous) in the Following Letter, Each Comment by Referee #1 in Black Is Followed by Our Replies in Red
Detail response to Referee #1 (anonymous) In the following letter, each comment by Referee #1 in black is followed by our replies in red. This paper proposes an assessment of the risk of coastal flooding and submersion by waves in one of the Palau islands surrounded by a coral reef in 2100, in a context of climate change. The study is certainly of interest, the study is rather comprehensive, well conducted and the paper is concise, clear and well written. The objectives of the paper are clearly exposed and the conclusions correspond to these objectives. We are grateful to you that you review. I have however two main concerns, that in my opinion prevent the acceptance of the paper in its present state: 1- The authors state that their first objective is to assess the present-day efficiency of the Palau coral reef as wave breaker and natural barrier against water level rise during a tropical cyclone (TC). They give (from what I understand) the corresponding figures obtained from a numerical hydrodynamic modeling, using as forgings the outer wave significant height (SWHo), the outer significant wave period, and the outer water level. These forcings are taken from a GFS simulation and observations of SWH in similar conditions. The percent of reduction of wave height due to the reef is 85.7% (87.9%) with (without) storm surge. As these values are used as a reference in the projective part of the paper, it would be relevant to confirm them (at least at first order) using observations. Recent TCs (Bopha and Haiyan) hit Palau, and it is may be possible to find even crude observations of (outer) SWHo and (reef) SWHr to check either the value of SWHr or the percentage of reduction (Table1). -
Appendix 8: Damages Caused by Natural Disasters
Building Disaster and Climate Resilient Cities in ASEAN Draft Finnal Report APPENDIX 8: DAMAGES CAUSED BY NATURAL DISASTERS A8.1 Flood & Typhoon Table A8.1.1 Record of Flood & Typhoon (Cambodia) Place Date Damage Cambodia Flood Aug 1999 The flash floods, triggered by torrential rains during the first week of August, caused significant damage in the provinces of Sihanoukville, Koh Kong and Kam Pot. As of 10 August, four people were killed, some 8,000 people were left homeless, and 200 meters of railroads were washed away. More than 12,000 hectares of rice paddies were flooded in Kam Pot province alone. Floods Nov 1999 Continued torrential rains during October and early November caused flash floods and affected five southern provinces: Takeo, Kandal, Kampong Speu, Phnom Penh Municipality and Pursat. The report indicates that the floods affected 21,334 families and around 9,900 ha of rice field. IFRC's situation report dated 9 November stated that 3,561 houses are damaged/destroyed. So far, there has been no report of casualties. Flood Aug 2000 The second floods has caused serious damages on provinces in the North, the East and the South, especially in Takeo Province. Three provinces along Mekong River (Stung Treng, Kratie and Kompong Cham) and Municipality of Phnom Penh have declared the state of emergency. 121,000 families have been affected, more than 170 people were killed, and some $10 million in rice crops has been destroyed. Immediate needs include food, shelter, and the repair or replacement of homes, household items, and sanitation facilities as water levels in the Delta continue to fall. -
Role of Typhoon Prapiroon (Typhoon No
SOLA, 2019, Vol. 15A, 37−42, doi:10.2151/sola.15A-007 37 Role of Typhoon Prapiroon (Typhoon No. 7) on the Formation Process of the Baiu Front Inducing Heavy Rain in July 2018 in Western Japan Qoosaku Moteki Dynamic Coupling of Ocean-Atmosphere-Land Research Program (DCOP), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan cessor rain event” (PRE), which is a heavy rainfall event affected Abstract the low-level moisture flow to the north of TCs (Bosart et al. 2012; Galarneau et al. 2010; Schumacher and Galarneau 2012), Heavy rain in western Japan was broadly induced by the stag- and the “moisture road,” which is a large northward moisture flux nation of the Baiu front during 5−7 July 2018. This study hypoth- associated with high potential vorticity beside TCs (Yoshida and esizes that cold air advection over the Sea of Japan intensified by Itoh 2012), are proposed. Studies and disaster controls on heavy Typhoon Prapiroon (Typhoon No. 7) was one of the triggering rainfall directly induced by TCs have continuously been addressed factors for the formation process of the Baiu front over western as a part of JMA forecast operations. Japan. Typhoon Prapiroon passed over the Sea of Japan on 4 July According to a press release from the JMA (JMA 2018), heavy and became extratropical at approximately 40°N on 5 July. During rainfall during the latter period was induced by the Baiu front its passage, the strong southward pressure gradient force to the formed over western Japan as a result of cold air flowing into the north of Typhoon Prapiroon broke down the convergence line of Sea of Japan from the Sea of Okhotsk after 5 July. -
China Date: 8 January 2007
Refugee Review Tribunal AUSTRALIA RRT RESEARCH RESPONSE Research Response Number: CHN31098 Country: China Date: 8 January 2007 Keywords: China – Taiwan Strait – 2006 Military exercises – Typhoons This response was prepared by the Country Research Section of the Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT) after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the RRT within time constraints. This response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Questions 1. Is there corroborating information about military manoeuvres and exercises in Pingtan? 2. Is there any information specifically about the military exercise there in July 2006? 3. Is there any information about “Army day” on 1 August 2006? 4. What are the aquatic farming/fishing activities carried out in that area? 5. Has there been pollution following military exercises along the Taiwan Strait? 6. The delegate makes reference to independent information that indicates that from May until August 2006 China particularly the eastern coast was hit by a succession of storms and typhoons. The last one being the hardest to hit China in 50 years. Could I have information about this please? The delegate refers to typhoon Prapiroon. What information is available about that typhoon? 7. The delegate was of the view that military exercises would not be organised in typhoon season, particularly such a bad one. Is there any information to assist? RESPONSE 1. Is there corroborating information about military manoeuvres and exercises in Pingtan? 2. Is there any information specifically about the military exercise there in July 2006? There is a minor naval base in Pingtan and military manoeuvres are regularly held in the Taiwan Strait where Pingtan in located, especially in the June to August period. -
Flood Hazard Mapping in an Urban Area Using Combined Hydrologic-Hydraulic Models and Geospatial Technologies
Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 5(2): 139-154, Spring 2019 Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management (GJESM) Homepage: https://www.gjesm.net/ ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Flood hazard mapping in an urban area using combined hydrologic-hydraulic models and geospatial technologies B.A.M.Talisay*, G.R. Puno, R.A.L. Amper GeoSAFER Northern Mindanao/ Cotabato Project, College of Forestry and Environmental Science, Central Mindanao University, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Flooding is one of the most occurring natural hazards every year risking the lives and Article History: Received 12 August 2018 properties of the affected communities, especially in Philippine context. To visualize Revised 12 November 2018 the extent and mitigate the impacts of flood hazard in Malingon River in Valencia Accepted 30 November 2018 City, Bukidnon, this paper presents the combination of Geographic Information System, high-resolution Digital Elevation Model, land cover, soil, observed hydro-meteorological data; and the combined Hydrologic Engineering Center- Keywords: Hydrologic Modeling System and River Analysis System models. The hydrologic Geographic information system (GIS) model determines the precipitation-runoff relationships of the watershed and the Inundation hydraulic model calculates the flood depth and flow pattern in the floodplain area. Light detection and ranging The overall performance of hydrologic model during calibration was “very good fit” Model calibration based on the criterion of Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient of Model Efficiency, Percentage Bias and Root Mean Square Error – Observations Standard Deviation Ratio with the values of 0.87, -8.62 and 0.46, respectively. On the other hand, the performance of hydraulic model during error computation was “intermediate fit” using F measure analysis with a value of 0.56, using confusion matrix with 80.5% accuracy and the Root Mean Square Error of 0.47 meters. -
Collecting Remote Sensing Data • Analysis of the Satellite Data • Information Release • Improve the Efficiency of Decision Making and Cleaning
Introduction of Operational Marine Environmental Disaster Monitoring using Remote Sensing Data Bin Zou [email protected] Hyderabad,India,2016-3-8 National Satellite Ocean Application Service, China 1 OUTLINE 1. Who is NSOAS 2. The operational system --- oil spill --- sea ice, green tide --- typhoon --- Emergency monitoring Team 3. International cooperation 4. Summary 2 1. Who is NSOAS The National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS) was founded on Nov. 19th, 1998. It is a scientific research and operational service department under the State Oceanic Administration of China The main functions of NSOAS include: ---To make strategy and development program for Chinese oceanic satellites. ---To build up ground segment for Chinese oceanic satellites ---To fulfill scientific researches on oceanic satellite technology ---To be responsible for receiving, processing, distributing and application of oceanic satellite data. ---To carry out satellite marine monitoring system 3 北京站 三亚站 杭州站 三亚站 One Processing Center and three Station 5 China Ocean Satellite Plan & Status – HY-1A 2002.5.15 (Stop work) – HY-1B 2007.4.11 (Stop work in Feb. 2016 ) – HY-2A 2011.8.16 launch • For Ocean dynamic environment parameters ( Wind, SSH, SST ) • Sensor are ALT, SCA, MR, GPS, DORIS – HY-1C/1D (will be approved) • For Ocean color, SST, Coast zone • Sensor are COCTS ( Chinese ocean color and temperature scanner) ,CZI (Coast zone imager) – HY-3 • For pollution hazard, sea ice, ship, coast zone • Sensor are SAR, … chlorophy SST Water quality ll Green