Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project PIN X731.55 OPRHP 18PR00221 Bronx County, New York

Appendix P

Architectural Survey Report

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Architectural Survey Report February 2018

Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project PIN X731.55 OPRHP 18PR00221 Bronx County, New York

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Architectural Survey Report

for

Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project PIN X731.55 Borough of the Bronx Bronx County, New York

Program Year 2017

SHPO Review Number [18PR00221]

Prepared by:

Dewberry Engineers Inc. 600 Parsippany Road Parsippany, NJ 07054

for

The New York State Department of Transportation

and

U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

February 2018

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Management Summary

A. DOT PIN and BIN and PR #: PIN X731.55/ OPRHP PR1800221

B. Funding Type: Federal

C. Cultural Resource Survey Type: Architectural Survey

D. Location: Bruckner Expressway (I-278) Interchange at Sheridan Expressway Minor Civil Division: 00501 County: Bronx

E. Survey Area: Length: Approximately 914 meters (2,998 feet) Width: Approximately 360 meters (1,183 feet) Acres: 38.63

F. U.S.G.S 7.5 Minute Quadrangle Map: Central Park, NY

G. Results of Architectural Survey: Number of Buildings/Structures in Project Area: 35 Number of Known NR Listed/Eligible Buildings/Structures: 1 Number Recommended Eligible Buildings/Structures or Districts: 0 Number of S/NRHP Listed/Eligible or Recommended Eligible Buildings/Structures Identified: 1 Number of S/NRHP Listed/Eligible that may be directly impacted: 0

H. Author/Consultant: Deborah Van Steen, Dewberry Engineers Inc.

I. Date: February 2018

J. Sponsor/Name: New York Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration

iii

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ...... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... ii

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1

2.0 METHODOLOGY ...... 3

3.0 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT ...... 6

4.0 RESULTS OF ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY ...... 16

5.0 REFERENCES ...... 48

FIGURES

Figure 1: Aerial map showing the Project location and APE...... 2 Figure 2: Project Location in 1872 ...... 7 Figure 3: Project Location in 1901 ...... 8 Figure 4: Project Location in 1911 ...... 10 Figure 5: Project Location in 1921 ...... 11 Figure 6: Project Location in 1951 ...... 13 Figure 7: 1995 Central Park, NY USGS Quadrangle ...... 14 Figure 8: Bruckner Boulevard near the Bronx River in the mid-1940s ...... 27 Figure 9: Photograph Locations ...... 47

TABLES

Table 1: Previously Inventoried Buildings and Structures in the APE ...... 3 Table 2: Architectural Properties in the APE ...... 21

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PHOTOGRAPHS

Photograph 1 ...... 25 Photograph 2 ...... 25 Photograph 3 ...... 26 Photograph 4 ...... 26 Photograph 5 ...... 27 Photograph 6 ...... 28 Photograph 7 ...... 28 Photograph 8 ...... 29 Photograph 9 ...... 29 Photograph 10 ...... 30 Photograph 11 ...... 30 Photograph 12 ...... 31 Photograph 13 ...... 31 Photograph 14 ...... 32 Photograph 15 ...... 32 Photograph 16 ...... 33 Photograph 17 ...... 33 Photograph 18 ...... 34 Photograph 19 ...... 34 Photograph 20 ...... 35 Photograph 21 ...... 35 Photograph 22 ...... 36 Photograph 23 ...... 36 Photograph 24 ...... 37 Photograph 25 ...... 37 Photograph 26 ...... 38 Photograph 27 ...... 38 Photograph 28 ...... 39 Photograph 29 ...... 39 Photograph 30 ...... 40 Photograph 31 ...... 40 Photograph 32 ...... 41 Photograph 33 ...... 41 Photograph 34 ...... 42 Photograph 35 ...... 42 Photograph 36 ...... 43 Photograph 37 ...... 43 Photograph 38 ...... 44 Photograph 39 ...... 44 Photograph 40 ...... 45 Photograph 41 ...... 45 Photograph 42 ...... 46

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Correspondence……………………..…………………………………………………………….50

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

This report describes the results of an Architectural Survey for the New York State Department of Transportation PIN X731.55: Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project (the Project), located in the Bronx, New York. The survey was performed by Dewberry Engineers Inc. according to the guidelines of the 2004 Revised New York State Education Department (SED) Cultural Resources Survey Program (CRSP) Work Scope Specification for Cultural Resource Investigations.

Project Location and Description

The Project is located in the Hunts Point section of the South Bronx and is bounded roughly by East 141st Street to the south, Southern Boulevard to the west, Westchester Avenue to the north, and Boynton Avenue to the east. Proposed construction would occur at the Bruckner Expressway (I-278) interchange with the Sheridan Expressway, Edgewater Road, Leggett Avenue, and Whittier Street.

The Area of Potential Effects (APE) for the Project was defined in accordance with 36 CFR 800.4(a)(1) and in consultation with the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO). The APE establishes the geographical scope of efforts for the identification of historic architectural properties, including both direct and indirect effects. As defined, the APE is limited to the areas of the Edgewater Road ramp and the Sheridan flyover (see Figure 1) and reflects the components of the Project that include: construction of new transportation elements (proposed Ramps ESS, ESN, and SE); areas of property acquisition resulting in demolition of existing buildings; and areas where existing transportation elements would be replaced (truss bridge over Amtrak). In December 2017, NYSDOT proposed the Project’s APE to the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation (OPRHP) in a Cultural Resource Screening Memorandum. On January 9, 2018, the OPRHP concurred with the Project’s APE (see Appendix A).

Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3653 EAST 172 ST Putnam JENNINGS ST ALLEY NY Orange STRATFORD AVE CT ALLEY JENNINGSCHISHOLM STST BRONX NEW YORK Westchester Rockland MANOR AVE

WARD AVE BOYNTON AVE ALLEY WHEELER AVE EVERGREEN AVE ELDER AVE

3 AVE RITTER PL FREEMAN ST 895 ProjectWASHINGTON AVE Location Bronx COLGATE AVE NY Suffolk NJ New York VYSE AVE AMTRAK-HELLGATE LINE BRONX RIVER AVE Nassau WHITE PLAINS RD LINE FULTON AVEQueens Kings EAST 169 ST EAST 168 ST CLOSE AVE Richmond Queens EAST 167 ST HOME ST SIMPSON ST

FRANKLIN AVE HOME ST WEST FARMS RD

FOX ST LEGEND BOSTON RD

FOREST AVE WATSON AVE AreaEAST 166 of ST Potential EffectsEAST 167(APE) ST

TINTON AVE FAILE ST 278

Project Location HOE AVE ALLEY

INTERVALE AVE

EAST 165 ST HALL PL BRUCKNER EXPRESSWAY

KELLY ST

ALLEY WESTCHESTER AVE ALDUS ST

EAST 164 ST SIMPSON ST

TIFFANY ST COLGATE AVE

ROGERS PL

CAULDWELL AVE

UNION AVE EAGLE AVE

PROSPECT AVE EAST 163 ST B R O N X LAFAYETTE AVE EAST 161 ST

2/2/2018 EAST 160 ST EAST 161 ST

ALLEY EAST 158 ST R I V E R

TRINITY AVE

DAWSON ST UNNAMED ST

HEWITT PL LAFAYETTE AVE AVE E EAST 156 ST MANIDA ST 3 ST AVE D HUNTS POINT AVE LEGGETT AVE 278 AVE ST JOHN AVE A

WHITTIER ST KELLY ST DRAKE ST 2 ST AVE C EAST 152 ST BARRETTO ST LONGFELLOW AVE HALLECK ST CASANOVA ST

EAST 151 ST BECK ST BRYANT AVE EAST 151 ST 1 ST

FOX ST TIFFANY ST AVE B EAST 150 ST TRUXTON ST FAILE ST WORTHEN ST RANDALL AVE COSTER ST

JACKSON AVE

EAST 149 ST MARKET ST

DRAKE PARK SOUTH

OAK POINT AVE CONCORD AVE WALES AVE HUNTS POINT PELHAM LINE FOODEAST BAY AVEDISTRIBUTION BRUCKNER EXPRESSWAY WHITTIER ST EAST 145 ST CENTER

ALLEY DRAKE ST EAST 144 ST VIELE AVE

PIER PIER PIER EAST RIVER SHORELINE BIKE PATH PIER PIER PIER RYAWA AVE PIER

278 E A S T R I V E R EAST 139 ST EAST 141 ST UNNAMED ST PIER PIER

EAST 138 ST EAST 137 ST WALNUT AVE

LOCUST AVE Path: Q:\97294700\GIS\Mxd\X731.55\TESPath: Graphics\CulturalArchitecture\X731.55_Aerial.mxd Resources\Historic Source: World Imagery Online Service, ESRI. X731.55 HUNTS POINT INTERSTATE 0 500 1,000 2,000 Project Location & APE ACCESS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Feet Figure 1 2 Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3654 Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project February 2018 Architectural Survey Report PIN X731.55

2.0 METHODOLOGY

Background Research

Research consisted of review of resources relating to the history of the expressways, development of the area, and history of architectural properties within the APE defined for the Project. Sources consulted consisted of available historic maps and photographs at the New York Public Library and other repositories; The New York Times, New York Herald, the Real Estate Record and Builders Guide; New York City and Bronx resources, such as OASISNYC.net, the Department of Buildings, the Department of Finance, and property records; and published architectural guides and histories. Research was also conducted through the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) and the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation (OPRHP).

The Bruckner Expressway (I-278) and the Sheridan Expressway (I-895) are exempt from the requirements of Section 106 under a nationwide exemption of the Interstate Highway System, Section 106 Exemption Regarding Effects on the Interstate Highway System. The exemption “[relieves] Federal agencies from the requirement of taking into account the effects of their undertakings on the Interstate Highway System, except with regard to certain individual elements or structures that are part of the system” (Advisory Council on Historic Preservation 2005). No elements of the Bruckner or Sheridan Expressways are included in the Final List of Nationally and Exceptionally Significant Features of the Federal Interstate Highway System. The Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard Truss Bridge over Amtrak/CSX (BIN 2-07535-1), the Bruckner Expressway over Amtrak/CSX (BIN 2-07535-2), and the Bruckner Expressway over CSX Hunts Point Branch (BIN 2-07692-9) are features of the Interstate Highway System and, therefore, not subject to evaluation.

Cultural Resources Information System (CRIS) Research

A search was conducted on the OPRHP’s CRIS portal to identify all previously inventoried architectural properties in the Project area, four of which were located within the APE. These properties are provided below in Table 1.

The Eastern Boulevard Bridge (BIN 2-06667-1 and BIN 2-06667-2) was previously determined eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) in consultation with the SHPO.

The two-story industrial building at 1360 Garrison Avenue which occupies the southeast corner of Whittier Street was evaluated and determined by the OPRHP as not eligible for listing in the National Register.

Table 1: Previously Inventoried Buildings and Structures in the APE Unique Site Existing National Property Name Location Date Built Number (USN) Register Status Eastern Boulevard Bruckner Expressway Bridge 00501.000954 1930; (I-278) over the Bronx Eligible BIN 2-06667-1 & 00501.001421 1953 River BIN 2-06667-2 Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Bridge is a feature of Boulevard Truss Bruckner Expressway the Interstate Bridge (Bruckner SB (I-278) over the 1908 Highway System; as Expressway SB) Amtrak/CSX such, is not over Amtrak/CSX evaluated. BIN 2-07535-1

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Unique Site Existing National Property Name Location Date Built Number (USN) Register Status Bridge is a feature of Bruckner Bruckner Expressway the Interstate Expressway NB NB ca. 1960 Highway System; as over Amtrak/CSX (I-278) over such, is not BIN 2-07535-2 Amtrak/CSX evaluated. 1360 Garrison Avenue 1360 Garrison at the corner of Avenue 00501.001234 ca. 1930 Not Eligible Whittier Street,

Block/Lot 2761/219

Field Survey

Buildings and structures within the APE were inventoried and evaluated to identify those properties that are 50 years of age and older and potentially eligible for listing in the National Register. Property information was gathered from New York City (NYC) websites. NYC Oasis was used to identify the tax lots, number of buildings on a property, use and possible date of construction. The NYC Department of Buildings, Building Information System, was consulted for additional information regarding buildings and date of construction. Historic Maps were consulted and cross referenced with current imagery to identify possible age of buildings and their historic use. A visual assessment of materials and alterations to the buildings was undertaken to evaluate the architectural merit of a building or structure and the degree of historic architectural integrity.

Upon the completion of the inventory and research, the buildings and structures were then evaluated to determine whether they satisfy the National Register Criteria for Evaluation (36 CFR Part 60.4)

National Register Criteria for Evaluation

The criteria applied to evaluate properties for inclusion in the National Register are specified in 36 CFR Part 60.4 and are listed below.

The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and:

A. that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or B. that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or C. that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or D. that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history (NPS 1995:2).

Ordinarily, cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years would not be considered eligible for the National Register. However, such properties would qualify if they are integral parts of districts that do meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories:

a. a religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance; or

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b. a building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event; or c. a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building directly associated with his or her productive life; or d. a cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or e. a reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived; or f. a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition, or symbolic value has invested it with its own exceptional significance; or g. a property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance (NPS 1995: 2).

In addition to meeting significance criteria listed above, a property must possess integrity to be considered eligible for listing in the National Register. According to National Register Bulletin 15, How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, the property must physically represent its history by possessing integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association (NPS 1995:2).

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3.0 HISTORIC ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT

The Bronx is a geographic extension of Westchester County and the only borough of New York connected to the mainland. Separated from Harlem Heights of Manhattan by the Harlem River, Hunts Point is one of the peninsulas that extend into the East River and is separated from the neighboring Clason’s Point by the Bronx River. Today, Hunts Point is set off from the rest of the Bronx by the Bruckner Expressway and the Bronx River.

Early Development

Early settlement of Hunts Point is attributed to Thomas Hunt, who owned one of the early estates and for whom the area takes its name. In 1688, Hunt constructed a stone mansion at the end of Hunts Point Road, called the Grange (WPA 1982:543). The Leggett family also settled in the area at the close of the seventeenth century. In the early-nineteenth century prior to formation of the Bronx, the Project area was primarily within the Town of Westchester in Westchester County. Lower Westchester County was separated from the Island of Manhattan by the Harlem River and divided by the Bronx River. Prior to 1846, the area of Westchester County that would become the Bronx consisted of all of the Town of Westchester and portions of the towns of Yonkers, Eastchester, and Pelham. Lower Westchester County was made up of estates, manor houses, and farms with an occasional hamlet along the post roads to Albany and Boston. Industry was limited to the small mill village of West Farms, north of the Project area, and the Mott Iron Works, south of the Project area (Gonzalez 2002:9-11).

In 1841, the Harlem and New York Railroad, the first railroad through the region, was built across the Harlem River connecting the Bronx to New York City. The line extended north to Fordham in October 1841 and was completed to White Plains by the end of 1844. A branch rail line was extended to Port Morris in 1852, the location of a “would-be entrepôt (a port and point of distribution for the import and export of goods) north of the Harlem River” (Gonzalez 2002:11). As the number of inhabitants grew in proximity to the railroad, development moved northward to both northern Manhattan and beyond to lower Westchester west of the Project area. The Hunts Point area remained tidal flats, salt marsh, and country seats through the Civil War (WPA 1982:543). The 1872 Beers map (see Figure 2) indicates country estates located along the Bronx River, whose residences were built west of the APE.

A cooperative atmosphere developed between Manhattan and Westchester and in 1869, the state legislature granted the Central Park Commissioners the ability to plan street improvements on both sides of the Harlem River. On January 1, 1874, the area west of the Bronx River was annexed by New York City, becoming the 23rd and 24th wards, generally known as the “annexed area” and the “North Side” (Gonzalez 2003, 17). The area east of the Bronx River was added in 1895; City Island was annexed in 1896; and in 1898, the counties of Queens and Brooklyn were consolidated as boroughs of New York City. The Bronx, however, did not become a separate county until 1914 (Gonzalez 2003:80-81).

The area west of the APE, near the present-day Bruckner Expressway, became a prime target for development after plans for an IRT subway connection between the Bronx and Manhattan were announced at the end of the nineteenth century (LPC 1980). While the completion of the IRT subway in 1904, construction of the Southern Boulevard Trolley, expansion and electrification of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, and street improvements were responsible for stimulating a building boom in the Hunts Point area that lasted for nearly 30 years, the area along the Bronx River remained unchanged (LPC 1980; New York Times (NYT) November 6, 1906). The Sanborn Insurance Map of 1901 indicates that the street grid had been laid out throughout the APE, however, no development had taken place (see Figure 3). At this time, the road through Hunt’s Point was widened to 100 feet from Southern Boulevard to the Sound (Real Estate Record and Guide 1906:721; NYT 1906). The map also shows the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad’s Harlem River Branch extending through the APE and the Hunts Point Station built west of the APE at Hunts Point Road.

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In 1908, Joseph P. Day held a sale of waterfront property between the Bronx River and Hunts Point Avenue in the vicinity of Seneca, Garrison, and Ludlow Avenues (present-day Bruckner Boulevard). A prominent real estate auctioneer of the early-twentieth century, Day successfully sold a tract of 369 lots on the eve of construction of the new Southern Boulevard Subway (Day 1908). In 1911, Day advertised the “Property of the Dickey Estate in the Hunt’s Point section of the Bronx” to be sold at auction (NYT September 11, 1921). The property was in the area of Hunts Point Avenue, Lafayette Avenue, Whittier Street, and Edgewater Road. The sale included the Dickey residence, an 1820 mansion built by Thomas Walker, and two small dwellings. The Dickey family had occupied the mansion since 1860. Although the large estates along the Bronx River located within the APE had been sold, development occurred at a slow pace. Around 1908, the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad had expanded to consist of six tracks through the APE. Along with the expansion was a grade crossing elimination project whereby metal truss bridges (many of which remain) carried local streets over the railroad. As indicated on the Bromley Atlas in 1911 (see Figure 4), Ludlow Avenue (present-day Bruckner Boulevard) did not yet reach the Bronx River, but extended as far east as Whittier Street, Drake Street had been renamed Edgewater Road, and the McConnell Coal Company had been established along the Bronx River south of Garrison Avenue. On the east side of the Bronx River, the APE remained undeveloped.

In the next decade, Ludlow Avenue was extended across the Bronx River (see Figure 5). By 1921, Burns Brothers had acquired the McConnell Coal yard and replaced some of the wooden structures with brick structures. The map indicates that the City Asphalt Plant was established south of the coal yard and a shed, constructed a decade earlier, remains south of the plant. On Seneca Avenue, Burns Brothers had built a brick garage on the northwest corner of Edgewater Road; a one-story brick factory occupied the northeast corner of Whittier Street. The remaining blocks in the APE had yet to be developed.

According to the New York City property records accessed online, many of the earlier buildings in the APE date from the 1930s. Written in 1939, The WPA Guide to New York City provides a bleak image of the Hunts Point area of the Bronx as “an area of bleak residences, industrial plants, and tidal flats” (WPA 1982:543)

Bruckner Boulevard

The Depression era was also marked by Commissioner Robert Moses, who was redesigning highways through the city. In 1934, New York City Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia discontinued the five independent borough Parks Departments, and appointed Robert Moses sole commissioner of a unified Department of Parks for New York City. Moses also retained his state park offices, and was named to head the Triborough Bridge Authority and other public works authorities. Plans for the approach to the Triborough Bridge through the Bronx extended to Pelham Bay Park. Whitlock Avenue, between Leggett and Hunts Point Avenues, was widened and developed as a parkway with two 20-foot sidewalks, two 40-foot roadways, and a 50-foot tree-lined grassy median (NYT July 26, 1934). The improved road, initially called the Southern Boulevard Express Highway, would traverse Southern Boulevard, Whitlock Avenue, and Eastern Boulevard. Although Bronx Borough President, James J. Lyons, thought the highway provided insufficient access to Long Island farmers, the planned roadway expansion was well underway by the following spring. The New York Times reported:

Along Eastern Boulevard and Whitlock Avenue in the Bronx, companies of housewreckers, graders, pavement layers and workers in stone and concrete are busy, and the steam crane, the steam roller and the concrete mixer are heard. In quarter-mile jobs there is the rough chaos of machines, manholes and mud that betokens the smooth broad highway later on. The street widening and the road buildings continue right down to the Bronx Kills at Cypress Avenue, where the approach piers for the Kills bridge will soon rise (NYT March 3, 1935).

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As a result of the widened roadway, houses on the eastern side of Whitlock Avenue west of the APE, built two decades earlier, were demolished. The north span of the Eastern Boulevard Bridge was built over the Bronx River in 1930. In 1942, the improved route was renamed in honor of Henry Bruckner, Bronx Borough President from 1918 to 1933 (McNamara 2010:34).

Bruckner Expressway

In 1953, Moses planned an elevated expressway to extend 16 miles along Bruckner Boulevard. By this time, Bruckner Boulevard had developed into a major commercial thoroughfare with merchants and establishments that served nearby neighborhoods. Moses’ plan was not well received by the community and business leaders, who saw the elevated road as a blight to their community (Caro 1974:743, 749). The current Bruckner Expressway reflects three phases of construction. The southern section, which includes a portion through the APE, was built between 1957 and 1962 and follows the path of Bruckner Boulevard, over which the elevated Bruckner Expressway was constructed. In advance of completion of the expressway, the south span of the Eastern Boulevard Bridge was added in 1953 (NYC DOT 2018). The existing Eastern Boulevard Bridge and the Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard Truss Bridge were incorporated into the expressway plans to carry the westbound lanes of the new expressway and the existing boulevard. The depressed, northern section was constructed between 1959 and 1961. The middle section of the Bruckner Expressway and remodeling of the Cross Bronx Expressway and construction of the Hutchinson Parkway interchange occurred between 1964 and 1974 (Ballon and Jackson 2007:219). The Bruckner Expressway, one of the last completed highways within the New York City Expressway system, greatly changed the character of the Bronx neighborhoods through which it extended.

Sheridan Expressway

In the 1941 master arterial plan, the New York City Planning Department and city planner Robert Moses proposed an expressway route connecting the Bronx Crosstown Highway (now the Cross Bronx Expressway) and the Southern Boulevard/Bruckner Express Highway (Bruckner Expressway). This short stretch of highway was to provide a commercial traffic alternative to the Bronx River Parkway, which prohibited commercial vehicles. The 1.4-mile route was initially called the Bronx River Expressway. However, following the death of Arthur V. Sheridan, the Bronx Engineer who served as Bronx Borough Commissioner of Public Works from 1942 to 1952, Bronx Borough President James J. Lyons proposed renaming the planned highway after Sheridan. Construction began on the Sheridan Expressway in 1958 and opened to traffic in 1963 (New York City Department of Parks & Recreation).

Hunts Point and the Hunts Point Market

Construction of a major expressway through the area effectively separated the Hunts Point peninsula from the rest of the Bronx. Within the APE, the area remained industrial. The 1951 Sanborn depicts the extent of development in the APE (see Figure 6). On the west side of the Bronx River, manufacturing held a major presence—dye works, dry cleaning, metal works, paint and chemical manufacturing, fur dressing, and garages were among the businesses to occupy the APE. However, with the exception of a gas station, used-car yard and small store, near the entrance to the Bruckner Expressway, no development had taken place along the east side of the Bronx River in the vicinity of the APE. Originally conceived as an urban renewal project, the Hunts Point Terminal Produce Market, located south of the APE, opened in 1967 to replace the former Washington Market. The Washington Market was located in Tribeca in downtown Manhattan. The market, established in 1812, relocated to Hunts Point in the early 1960s when its Tribeca buildings were demolished (Jongjitirat 2012). In 1974, a meat market opened at Hunts Point and in 2005, the Fulton Fish Market moved to Hunts Point from downtown Manhattan. The largest food distribution center in the world, the Hunts Point Food Distribution Center covers 329 acres at the southern tip of the Bronx along the Bronx and East Rivers (Jackson 2011:632) (see Figure 7).

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Project Location Bronx NY Suffolk NJ New York F Nassau Queens Kings Richmond Queens

LEGEND Area of Potential Effects (APE) Project Location 2/2/2018

HUNTS POINT FOOD DISTRIBUTION CENTER Path: Q:\97294700\GIS\Mxd\X731.55\TES Path: Graphics\CulturalArchitecture\X731.55_USGS.mxd Resources\Historic Source: Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed X731.55 HUNTS POINT INTERSTATE 0 500 1,000 2,000 USGS Quadrangle ACCESS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Feet Figure 7 14 Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3666 Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project February 2018 Architectural Survey Report PIN X731.55

Between 1970 and 1981, the Bronx lost more than 108,000 dwelling units, representing one-fifth of the housing in the Bronx and one-third of the abandoned dwelling units in the entire City of New York (Gonzalez 2002: 124). Hunts Point experienced a 60% reduction in population in the late 1900s with numerous abandoned buildings dotting the urban landscape (Van Ryzin and Genn 1999:801). Despite this residential abandonment of Hunts Point, the area has continued to maintain an inviting environment for industrial growth. The area east of the Bruckner Expressway, near the Bronx River, which includes the APE, continues to be non-residential and is dominated by commercial and industrial activity.

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4.0 RESULTS OF ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY

At total of 35 properties were identified within the APE (Table 2). Of these the architectural survey identified one historic property, the previously evaluated National Register-eligible Eastern Boulevard Bridge over the Bronx River. One previously evaluated property, 1360 Garrison Avenue, was determined not eligible. Three bridges are subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption. Seven properties contain buildings less than 50 years of age, and as such, were not evaluated for National Register eligibility. The buildings and structures of the remaining 26 properties were evaluated according to the National Register criteria and recommended not eligible. No new eligible historic properties were identified within the APE.

Properties Eligible for the National Register of Historic Places

Eastern Boulevard Bridge - BIN 2-06667-1 & 2-06667-2 (Photographs 1 and 2). The Eastern Boulevard Bridge is located over the Bronx River linking the Hunts Point and Soundview sections of the Bronx. The structure consists of two parallel bascule bridges: the northern span opened in 1930 and the southern span was completed in 1953. The bridge control structures both date from the 1953 construction (NYC DOT). The northern span carries the southbound Bruckner Expressway (I-278) and the southbound Bruckner Boulevard service road. The Eastern Boulevard Bridge is significant under National Register Criterion C for embodying the distinctive characteristics of dual double-leaf trunnion bascule bridge construction consisting of movable leaves fixed to each end of the channel and counterbalanced by weights. The bridge has a span of 118 feet, six inches center to center of the trunnions. The Eastern Boulevard Bridge, which predates the Interstate Highway System, is unusual in that it is one of the few bascule bridges on the Interstate Highway System. Most of the historic materials are present and the essential features of its design are intact.

Properties Not Eligible for the National Register of Historic Places

None of the buildings and structures inventoried and evaluated within the APE are recommended eligible. Table 2 provides inventoried (not eligible) buildings identified and brief descriptions. Photographs follow.

1360 Garrison Avenue (Photograph 3). This two-story brick industrial building, constructed circa 1930, is located on the southeast corner of Whittier Street (NYC Oasis). The building has a flat roof with stepped parapet. Both the east and west bays are surmounted by an elevator/utility house. The center bay has a loading dock at the first story and a hoist arm above the second story opening, which has been infilled with concrete block. The building has replacement windows and rests on an exposed basement. OPRHP previously evaluated this property and determined it Not Eligible for listing in the National Register.

BIN 2-07535-1 - Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard Truss Bridge (Photograph 4 and Figure 8). This structure, constructed in 1908, carries the Bruckner Expressway southbound and the southbound service road over Amtrak/CSX. The bridge carried Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard, which were later incorporated into the Bruckner Expressway in about 1962 (NYC DOT 2007). As a component of the Interstate Highway System, the bridge is subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

BIN 2-07535-2 - Bruckner Expressway (Photograph 5). Built as part of the construction of the Bruckner Expressway about 1962, this bridge carries the Bruckner Expressway northbound over Amtrak/CSX. The bridge was refurbished in 2010 (Buyson and Shams 2010). As a component of the Interstate Highway System, the bridge is subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

BIN 2-07692-9 - Bruckner Expressway (Photograph 6). This single-span highway bridge carries the Bruckner Expressway over the CSX Hunts Point Branch and would have been built as part of the construction of the Bruckner Expressway about 1962. As a component of the Interstate Highway System, the bridge is subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

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Blue Hill Fuels, 1419 Bronx River Avenue (Photograph 7). This gas station was constructed in 1992, is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

1055 Bronx River Avenue (Photograph 8). This brick one-story industrial, warehouse building, constructed in 1968 (NYC Oasis), has a rectangular plan and a flat roof. The building has no known historical associations and is an unadorned utilitarian building lacking architectural merit. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Cube Smart Self Storage, 955 Bronx River Avenue (Photograph 9). Constructed in 2006 (NYC Oasis), this building is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

U-Haul, 1365 Bruckner Boulevard (Photograph 10). Built in 1965, this masonry one-story former service station is located on the north side of Bruckner Boulevard, between the railroad tracks and west of the Bronx River. According to the available records, a new building application was filed in 1963 and the service station completed in 1965 (NYC DOB BIS). The building is rectangular in plan and has a flat roof. The building has four bays. The service station garage bays have been replaced with windows and a new door. Alterations to this building have removed historic fabric. The building also lacks historical significance. Due to its lack of integrity and historical associations, the building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Bruckner Muffler & Tire Repair Shop, Inc., 1361 Bruckner Boulevard (Photograph 11). This two- story commercial building, built in 1925, is located on the north side of Bruckner Boulevard, between the railroad tracks and west of the Bronx River (NYC Oasis). The building reflects multiple phases of construction and has been expanded with the addition of a one-story automotive repair garage on the east end. The oldest section on the west is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. Changes to the fenestration include garage bays, entrances, and a large window at the façade. The taller two-story section has a flat roof with a stepped parapet; the wing at the west is also two storied and has a flat roof. This commercial building has been greatly altered through changes to the first story fenestration and the addition of an automotive garage; the historic fabric has been completely obscured. Due to lack of integrity, the building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

1360 Bruckner Boulevard (Photograph 12). This gas station/convenience store was constructed in 2003 (NYC Oasis), is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

Casa Building Materials, 960 Whittier Street (Photograph 13). Constructed in 1996 (NYC Oasis), this industrial building is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

1375 Garrison Avenue (Photograph 14). This circa 1933, one-story industrial building is located on the northwest corner of the intersection with Edgewater Road. NYC Oasis dates construction to circa 1930; the structure is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. The building reflects multiple phases of construction, is irregular in plan, and consists of an exterior masonry wall that has been stucco-coated and extends around the perimeter. The building has a flat roof except for the north end of the property, which has a gable roof with dormers. A pedestrian entrance is at the south wall and a larger entrance is at the east façade; the windows have been infilled. Municipal tax photographs taken in the 1980s reveal that this building has been extensively altered, with most of the fenestration filled in. The building is devoid of ornament. A fur dying and dressing company occupied this location at one time. This utilitarian building reflects extensive alterations that have obscured historic architectural features. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Sal’s Scrap Metal, 900 Edgewater Road (Photograph 15). Built in 1953 (NYC Oasis), this one and two- story industrial building has a flat roof and is located on the east side of Edgewater Road. Currently, a scrap metal yard, garage and loading bays occupy the first story. The second story windows are missing and boarded up from the inside. A building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map as a one-story concrete block building with a concrete slab floor and exposed steel beam roof system. By 1954 the aerials

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Casa Redimix Concrete, 886 Edgewater Road (Photograph 16). This industrial plant was constructed in 1981 (NYC Oasis), is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

1376 Garrison Avenue (Photograph 17). This property is located on the southwest corner of the intersection of Garrison Avenue with Edgewater Road and consists of a garage and storage warehouse constructed circa 1949 (NYC Oasis). The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. This utilitarian garage is rectangular in plan, is one story tall, and has a flat roof. The building has steel beams and concrete block construction, has brick trim at the facade, and has been parged. Many of the window openings have either been covered or infilled with brick. This utilitarian garage/storage building has been altered and the fenestration changed. It lacks architectural merit or integrity and has no known historic associations. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

913-917 Edgewater Road; 914-920 Whittier Street (Photographs 18-20). According to NYC Oasis, this property consists of three buildings and extends through the block from Whittier Street to Edgewater Road. The structures are single-story concrete block garage/warehouse buildings that reflect multiple phases of construction. The oldest structure appears to be at the back of the enclosed yard that opens on to Edgewater Street. The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn. A second building, with the address of 913A on the awning over the front door, is on the north side of the property. This structure was constructed in 1977, is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility. The largest building on this property is a large brick-face structure, approximately 125 feet long, located at 920-914 Whitter Street. This building was constructed in 1972, is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility. This property and adjacent lots extending through to Whittier Street are operated by the General Fire Proof Door. This property has changed over time. The building that is over 50 years old lacks historic architectural integrity, and has no known historical associations. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

907 Edgewater Road (Photograph 21). This building shares the same owner as 913 Edgewater Road, which has painted the company address (as differentiated from the NYC Oasis property address) on the building. This structure was constructed in 1977 (NYC Oasis), is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

900 Whittier Street (Photograph 22). This one-story industrial building constructed c.1930, share the same ownership as 913-917 Edgewater Road/914-920 Whittier Street and 907 Edgewater Road (NYC Oasis). The property extends through the block with a yard that opens on Edgewater Road. The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. The structure is a long multi-bay, rectangular building with a flat roof. The façade has been clad with CMU (Concrete Masonry Unit) obscuring most of the historic fabric. Fenestration consists of loading bays and wire glass windows. Rowlock sills have been retained at the windows. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

1355 Seneca Avenue (Photograph 23). Constructed circa 1921, this one-story industrial building is located on the northwest corner of Edgewater Road (NYC Oasis). The brick building is rectangular in plan with a flat roof, garage opening fronting on Edgewater Road, and a row of seven segmental arch multi- light windows on the Seneca Street wall. A one-story brick infill has been added at the west wall and has one garage and one pedestrian opening to Seneca Avenue. The building appears to be the Burns Brothers garage depicted on the 1921 Bromley map and the Star Liquid Mach(ine) Company on the 1951 Sanborn. This structure consists of a typical single-story, utilitarian, industrial building, devoid of embellishment. This building has no known historical associations and is not architecturally noteworthy.

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The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

1365 Seneca Avenue (Photograph 24). Constructed circa 1952, this one-story industrial building is located on the north side of the street between Whittier Street and Edgewater Road. The building has a rectangular plan with a flat roof. The façade has six bays, consisting of a central loading bay, two pedestrian bays and three window bays. The structure consists of a typical single-story, utilitarian, industrial building, devoid of embellishment. This building has no known historical associations and is not architecturally noteworthy. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

1363 Seneca Avenue (Photograph 25). Constructed circa 1921, this one-story industrial building is located on the northeast corner of the intersection with Whittier Street. The building is depicted as a factory on the 1921 Bromley map and as “Rags” on the 1951 Sanborn map. The brick building is rectangular in plan with a flat roof. The façade has six bays, consisting of a central loading bay, two pedestrian bays and three window bays. The structure consists of a typical single-story, utilitarian, industrial building, devoid of embellishment. This building has no known historical associations and is not architecturally noteworthy. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

880-894 Whittier Street (Photographs 26-28). This property consists of one-story industrial buildings around the perimeter of a paved and gated lot, effectively enclosing the property. According to the building records, the property consists of four buildings, however, only three are visible from the street. The NYC Oasis database indicates these buildings were constructed in 1926, however this likely only applies to the building at the north end which is occupied by a sign company. This structure appears on the 1951 Sanborn as “Vinegar MFG.” This building retains its brick façade and stepped parapet. A loading bay is at the center; the windows have been infilled and a pedestrian door is at the north bay. The remaining buildings were constructed after 1951, have been reclad and have wire glass windows. Security gates are located between buildings. This property has no known historical associations and is not architecturally noteworthy. The buildings do not meet the National Register criteria and are recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Spring Tech Corp., 1360 Seneca Avenue (Photograph 29). The Spring Tech Corp. building occupies the north end of the block, extending from Edgewater Road to Whittier Street. Comparing historic tax photographs and maps indicates that the building (initially multiple adjacent structures) has been remodeled and historic fabric obscured. Construction of the building is circa 1922 (NYC Oasis). The fenestration has been altered and the once prominent chimney removed. The building lacks historic architectural integrity as a result of modifications and has no known historical associations. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

DAD Trucking, 855 Edgewater Road (Photograph 30). This one-story building, constructed in 1944, has a buff-color brick façade and has three bays. Parallel gables cover the outer bays, each of which has a large central loading bay. The center bay has a modern glass entrance and is surmounted by a flat roof. The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. The building has no known historical associations. The façade has been altered, is clad with new brick and the fenestration modified, resulting in a lack of historic architectural integrity. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Dessurt Corp, 845 Edgewater Road (Photograph 31). The single-story rectangular plan industrial building with a flat roof was constructed in 1957. The exterior has been refurbished, the brick façade obscured, and the fenestration has been altered. Two openings remain, a garage/loading bay and a modern glass-filled bay. Due to the alterations, the building lacks historic architectural integrity. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

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842 Whittier Street (Photograph 32). Constructed in 1944, this one-story brick industrial building occupies a single lot, has a large loading bay and a pedestrian entrance. Both openings are covered with roll up metal security doors. The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map as metal works. The building has no known historical associations. The utilitarian building is not architecturally noteworthy. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

835 Edgewater Road (Photograph 33). This one-story industrial building dates from 1964 and occupies a single lot on the west side of the street. The facade is clad with brick, has a large loading bay at the north end and a pedestrian entrance at the south end of the building. Fenestration at the center bay has been infilled with concrete and a small section of glass block installed at the upper section. This utilitarian building lacks historic architectural integrity due to alterations of the fenestration. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

810-834 Whittier Street (Photographs 34-36). This industrial property, constructed in 1928, reflects multiple phases of construction. Three buildings are attributed to this property (NYC DOB BIS). The buildings at 830-834 and 820-828 Whittier Street are one-story, have red brick facades with loading bays, roll up metal security doors, and windows that have been infilled with brick or concrete block. The building at 810-812 Whittier Street is at the south end of the row and also appears to represent multiple phases of construction. This building has a two-story buff-color brick office tower with two bays and a flat roof. The one first story and both second story windows have been filled with concrete block and the transom infilled above the entrance. The office tower is flanked by one-story brick-front loading bays of unmatched brick. The buildings are depicted on the 1951 Sanborn associated with the City Steel Door Corporation and the Art Craft Table Company.. The property has no known historical associations and alterations to this property have diminished its historic architectural integrity. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

819 Edgewater Road (Photograph 37). This industrial, built circa 1925 (NYC Oasis), consists of a two- story block at its north end and one-story garage bays to the south. The building is buff brick with soldier and rowlock cornice and a stepped parapet. The two-story block had three bays, however the two south bays have been filled with brick at the first story and the outer bays filled with red brick at the second story. The middle second story opening has been filled with glass block. The remaining fenestration is covered with roll up steel doors. The building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. This building has been altered, lacks historic architectural integrity, and has no known historical significance. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Valencia Bakery, 1373 Lafayette Avenue (Photograph 38). Constructed circa 1925 (NYC Oasis), this brick industrial building occupies a corner location at the intersection with Edgewater Road. The building is one story with shaped parapet and brick chimney. The building is composed of lower and taller sections, has factory wire glass windows, rowlock sills and soldier lintels. Some modifications have been made to the fenestration and openings reduced in size. The entrance facing Edgewater Road has been updated and double-leaf glass doors flanked by full height glass windows installed. In 1951, the building housed a metal works concern. Modifications to the fenestration and the entrances greatly reduce the historic architectural integrity of the building. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

1365 Lafayette Avenue (Photograph 39). This one-story industrial building, constructed circa 1928, was formerly a garage with capacity to hold 63 cars (NYC Oasis; Sanborn 1951). The garage is depicted on the Sanborn map in 1951. The building has a sand-color façade with a shaped parapet, a soldier lintel course, wire glass windows, and rowlock sills. It is currently used as a fruit and vegetable warehouse. The building has no known historical associations and is not architecturally noteworthy. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Sims Bronx Metal Recycling, 850 Edgewater Road (Photograph 40). This facility, with a fenced yard and scattered buildings dating from 1980 (NYC Oasis), is less than 50 years old and therefore is not evaluated for National Register eligibility.

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Rocking the Boat, 812 Edgewater Road (Photograph 41). This one-story industrial building occupies a single lot. Construction is dated to 1925 (NYC Oasis) and the building is shown is shown on the 1951 Sanborn map, however, the façade has been reclad, fenestration altered, new glass entrance installed and a false parapet-signboard added. The building lacks architectural merit as well as historic architectural integrity. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

810 Edgewater Road (Photograph 42). This two-story industrial building occupies a corner lot. Constructed in 1925 (NYC DOB BIS), the building is depicted on the 1951 Sanborn map. The west wall facing Edgewater Road is clad with metal, has a full width band of metal windows at the second story, and brick/masonry that has been painted over at the first story. The south wall serves as the building’s façade, is a combination of brick and concrete block, has several concrete block filled openings and a garage bay. The building was embellished with contrasting brickwork and originally had tall windows. Due to the extent of the alterations, the infill and change in fenestration, and introduction of metal cladding, this building lacks historic architectural integrity. The building does not meet the National Register criteria and is recommended Not Eligible for the National Register.

Table 2: Architectural Properties in the APE

< 50 Eligibility Structure/ Address/ Date Existing NR Photograph Description years Recommendation Building Name Block/Lot Built Status/USN old Yes No Eastern Bruckner Boulevard Eligible Expressway Dual Bascule 1930; 1 & 2 Bridge 00501.000954 over the Bridge 1953 BIN 2-06667-1 00501.001421 Bronx River BIN 2-06667-2 Two-story 1360 Garrison Not Eligible 3 industrial c.1930 Avenue 00501.001234 building

Whitlock Avenue/ Bruckner Subject to Eastern Expressway Section 106 4 Truss bridge 1908 Boulevard SB over Interstate Truss Bridge Amtrak/CSX exemption BIN 2-07535-1

Bruckner Bruckner Subject to Expressway Expressway Highway c.1962; Section 106 5 Bridge NB over bridge 2010 Interstate BIN 2-07535-2 Amtrak/CSX exemption

Bruckner Bruckner Subject to Expressway Single-span Expressway Section 106 6 over CSX highway c.1962 Bridge Interstate Hunts Point bridge BIN 2-07692-9 exemption Branch

1419 Bronx River 7 Blue Hill Fuels Gas Station 1992 X Avenue 3708/1

1055 Bronx One-story River industrial/ 8 1968 X Avenue warehouse 3708/7501 building

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< 50 Eligibility Structure/ Address/ Date Existing NR Photograph Description years Recommendation Building Name Block/Lot Built Status/USN old Yes No

955 Bronx Cube Smart River Three-story 9 2006 X Self Storage Avenue warehouse 3646/67

One-story 1365 Bruckner former 10 U-Haul Boulevard 1965 X service 2759/45 station

Two-story Bruckner 1361 Bruckner commercial Muffler & Tire 1925; 11 Boulevard building with X Repair Shop, c.1977 2759/392 one-story Inc. repair shop

One-story 1360 Bruckner gas station/ 12 Boulevard 2003 X convenience 2759/42 store 960 Whittier One-story Casa Building 13 Street industrial 1996 X Materials 2759/28 warehouse 1375 Garrison One-story 14 Avenue industrial c.1933 X 2759/20 building

900 Two-story Sal’s Scrap Edgewater 15 industrial 1953 X Metal Road building 2762/408 886 Two-story Casa Redimix Edgewater industrial 16 1981 X Concrete Road building and 2762/421 storage silos

1376 One-story Garrison 17 garage and c.1949 X Avenue warehouse 2761/224

913-917 Edgewater Three, one- Road; story c.1951; 18-20 914-920 X X industrial 1972 Whittier buildings Street 2761/227

907 One-story Edgewater 21 industrial 1977 X Road building 2761/231

900 Whittier One-story 22 Street industrial c.1930 X 2761/233 building

One-story 1355 Seneca brick 23 Avenue c.1921 X industrial 2761/244 building

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< 50 Eligibility Structure/ Address/ Date Existing NR Photograph Description years Recommendation Building Name Block/Lot Built Status/USN old Yes No One-story 1365 Seneca brick 24 Avenue c.1952 X industrial 2761/248 building One-story 1363 Seneca brick 25 Avenue c.1921 X industrial 2761/249 building 880-894 Four, Single- Whittier story 26-28 1926 X Street industrial 2761/252 buildings 1360 Seneca One-story Spring Tech 29 Avenue industrial c.1922 X Corp. 2762/280 building

855 One-story Edgewater commercial 30 DAD Trucking 1944 X Road garage and 2762/290 office

845 One-story Edgewater 31 Dessurt Corp. industrial 1957 X Road building 2762/294

842 Whittier One-story 32 Street industrial 1944 X 2762/272 building

835 One-story Edgewater 33 industrial 1964 X Road building 2762/299

Three, One- 810-834 and two- Whittier 34-36 story 1928 X Street industrial 2762/257 buildings

819 One- and Edgewater two-story 37 c.1925 X Road industrial 2762/300 building

1373 One-story Valencia Lafayette 38 industrial c.1925 X Bakery Avenue building 2762/248

1365 One-story Lafayette 39 industrial c.1928 X Avenue building 2762/255

850 One-story Sims Bronx Edgewater 40 industrial 1980 X Metal Recycling Road building 2762/316

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< 50 Eligibility Structure/ Address/ Date Existing NR Photograph Description years Recommendation Building Name Block/Lot Built Status/USN old Yes No 812 One-story Rocking the Edgewater 41 industrial 1925 X Boat Road building 2762/314 810 Two-story Edgewater 42 industrial 1925 X Road building 2762/309

Documentation of Not Eligible Properties

Photographs 3 – 42 (and historic Photograph shown as Figure 8) document buildings and structures recommended not eligible for the National Register; previously determined not eligible by the OPRHP, or subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption. Figure 9 depicts the location and direction of each photograph and properties less than 50 years old are shaded in yellow.

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Photograph 1 Eastern Boulevard Bridge, South Span, BIN 2-06667-2. 1953. Previously determined eligible.

Photograph 2 Eastern Boulevard Bridge, North Span, BIN 2-06667-1.1930, reconstructed 1953. Previously determined eligible.

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Photograph 3 1360 Garrison Avenue, Two-story industrial building constructed circa 1930. Previously determined Not Eligible.

Photograph 4 Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard Truss Bridge over Amtrak, Southbound, BIN 2-07535-1. Truss bridge completed circa 1908. Component of the Interstate Highway System, subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

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Figure 8: Bruckner Boulevard near the Bronx River in the mid-1940s Looking toward the Whitlock Avenue/Eastern Boulevard Truss Bridge. Bruckner Boulevard was a tree- lined thoroughfare before construction of the Bruckner and Sheridan Expressways through the area.

Photograph 5 Bruckner Expressway over Amtrak/CSX, Northbound, BIN 2-07535-2. Highway bridge built circa 1962; bridge was refurbished in 2010. Component of the Interstate Highway System, subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

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Photograph 6 Bruckner Expressway over CSX Hunts Point Branch, BIN 2-07692-9. Single-span highway bridge constructed in 1950. Component of the Interstate Highway System, subject to the Section 106 Interstate exemption.

Photograph 7 1419 Bronx River Avenue. Gas station constructed in 1992, less than 50 years old.

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Photograph 8 1055 Bronx River Avenue. One-story industrial/warehouse building constructed in 1968. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 9 955 Bronx River Avenue. Three-story warehouse constructed in 2006, less than 50 years old.

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Photograph 10 1365 Bruckner Boulevard. One-story former service station constructed in 1965. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 11 1361 Bruckner Boulevard. Two-story commercial building constructed 1925, with one-story repair shop. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 12 1360 Bruckner Boulevard. One-story gas station/convenience store constructed in 2003, less than 50 years old.

Photograph 13 960 Whittier Street. One-story brick industrial warehouse constructed in 1996, less than 50 years old.

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Photograph 14 1375 Garrison Avenue. One-story industrial building constructed circa 1933. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 15 900 Edgewater Road. Two-story industrial building constructed in 1953. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 16 886 Edgewater Road. Two-story brick industrial building and storage silos constructed in 1981, less than 50 years old.

Photograph 17 1376 Garrison Avenue. One-story garage and warehouse constructed circa 1949. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 18 913 -917 Edgewater Road; 914-920 Whittier Street. The one-story industrial building identified in the photo as 913A was constructed in 1977, less than 50 years old.

Photograph 19 913 -917 Edgewater Road (Google street view); Constructed circa 1951. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 20 914-920 Whittier Street (Google street view). One story industrial building constructed 1972 , less than 50 years old.

Photograph 21 907 Edgewater Road. One-story industrial building constructed in 1977, less than 50 years old. (Note: address on building refers to property owner’s address next door.)

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Photograph 22 900 Whittier Street. One-story industrial building constructed circa 1930. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 23 1355 Seneca Avenue. One-story brick industrial building constructed circa 1921. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 24 1365 Seneca Avenue. One-story brick industrial building constructed in 1952. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 25 1363 Seneca Avenue. One-story brick industrial building constructed circa 1921. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 26 880-894 Whittier Street. Four, single-story industrial buildings; this building was constructed in 1926. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 27 880-894 Whittier Street. Four, single-story industrial buildings; three constructed post-1951. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 28 880-894 Whittier Street. Four, single-story industrial buildings; three constructed post 1951. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 29 1360 Seneca Avenue. One-story industrial building constructed circa 1922. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 30 855 Edgewater Road. One-story commercial garage and office constructed in 1944. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 31 845 Edgewater Road. One-story industrial building constructed in 1957. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 32 842 Whittier Street. One-story industrial building constructed in 1944. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 33 835 Edgewater Road. One-story industrial building constructed in 1964. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 34 810-834 Whitter Street.Three, one-story and two-story industrial buildings constructed in 1928. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 35 810-828 Whittier Street. Three, one-story and two-story industrial buildings constructed in 1928. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 36 810-834 Whittier Street. Three, one-story and two-story industrial buildings constructed in 1928. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 37 819 Edgewater Road. One and two-story industrial buildings constructed circa 1925. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 38 1373 Lafayette Avenue. One-story industrial building constructed circa 1925. Recommended Not Eligible.

Photograph 39 1365 Lafayette Avenue. One-story industrial building constructed circa 1928. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 40 850 Edgewater Road. One-story industrial building constructed in 1980, less than 50 years old.

Photograph 41 812 Edgewater Road. One-story industrial building constructed in 1925. Recommended Not Eligible.

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Photograph 42 810 Edgewater Road. Two-story industrial buildings constructed in 1925. Recommended Not Eligible.

Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3698 LEGEND BRONX RIVER AVE Area of Potential Effects (APE) Project Location FAILE ST F

& . Photograph Location and Direction

CLOSE AVE

Properties Less Than 50 Years

. BRYANT AVE &

LONGFELLOW AVE 8

. 2 & 7 ALDUS ST

& 10

&. . 11 & &. 12 BRUCKNER EXPRESSWAY

& .

. & 1

. 13 & 9

2/8/2018 &.

. & 14 15 3 &. &. 17 &.

STORY AVE GARRISON AVE 18 20 &. &. &. 16 BRUCKNER EXPRESSWAY &. 19 &. 21

22 &.

& .

& . 28 &.

29&.

. 24 &

25 & . & 23 EDGEWATER RD

WHITTIER ST

SENECA AVE

. 30& .

32 &. & 31

. 34 &

. &. 40& 33

35 &. 37 .

36 41 &

& 42 & .

& . & .

39 38

Path: Q:\97294700\GIS\Mxd\X731.55\TES Path: Graphics\CulturalArchitecture\X731.55_PhotoLocation.mxd Resources\Historic LAFEYETTE AVE Source: World Imagery Online Service, ESRI. X731.55 HUNTS POINT INTERSTATE 0 150 300 600 Photograph Locations ACCESS IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Feet Figure 9 47 Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3699 Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project February 2018 Architectural Survey Report PIN X731.55

5.0 REFERENCES

Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. Exemption Regarding Historic Preservation Review Process for Effects to the Interstate Highway System. Federal Register. Vol. 70, No. 46. March 10, 2005. Accessed online at http://www.achp.gov/final_interstate_exemption_notice.pdf.

Ballon, Hilary and Kenneth T. Jackson. Robert Moses and the Modern City: The Transformation of New York. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2007.

Bromley, George W. and Walter S. Atlas of The City of New York Borough of the Bronx, Sections 9 & 10. Vol. 1. Philadelphia: G.W. Bromley and Co., 1911

———. Atlas of The City of New York Borough of the Bronx, Annexed District. Philadelphia: G.W. Bromley and Co., 1913.

Bronx Department of Buildings (DOB). Property files.

Buyson, Marco and Mohammad Shams. A Yankee clip: Bronx bridge project packs plenty of speed, precision. Roads & Bridges. November 2010.

Caro, Robert A., The Power Broker. 1975 Vintage Books edition. New York: Alfred A. Knopf Inc., 1974.

Comfort, Randall. History of the Bronx. New York: North Side News Press, 1906.

Cook, Harry T. The Borough of the Bronx 1639-1913. New York: Harry T. Cook, 1913.

Day, Joseph P. Auction pamphlet for land in Hunts Point by order of Hunts Point Realty Co. May 1908. Accessed online at https://ny.curbed.com/2014/4/1/10122232/old-nyc-maps#an-a-href-http- digitalcollections-nypl-org-items-518e4470-69cc-0131-3bfd-58d385a7bbd0-auctioneering- pamphlet-a-for-land-in-hunts-point-between-1869-1922.

Gonzalez, Evelyn. The Bronx. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.

Jackson, Kenneth T. The Encyclopedia of New York City. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2011.

Jongjitirat, Patra. How Markets Grow: Learning From Manhattan’s Lost Food Hub. New York: Project For Public Spaces, 2012. Accessed online February 1, 2018 at https://www.pps.org/article/how- markets-grow-learning-from-manhattans-lost-food-hub.

Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC). Longwood Historic District Designation Report. LP-1075. 1980.

McNamara, John. History in Asphalt: The Origin of Bronx Street and Place Names. 1984 reprint. Harrison, N.Y.: Harbor Hill Books, 1974, 198.

National Park Service (NPS), National Register Bulletin 15: How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation, (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior) 1995.

New York City Department of Buildings (NYC DOB). Buildings Information System (BIS). Property Profile, Actions. Accessed online at http://a810-bisweb.nyc.gov/bisweb/bsqpm01.jsp.

New York City Department of Parks & Recreation (NYC Parks). Robert Moses and the Modern Park System (1929-1965). Accessed online at https://www.nycgovparks.org/about/history/timeline/robert-moses-modern-parks.

Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3700 Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project February 2018 Architectural Survey Report PIN X731.55

New York City Department of Transportation (NYC DOT), Infrastructure, Movable Bridges in the Bronx, Eastern Boulevard Bridge, 2018, accessed online on February 1, 2018 at http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/infrastructure/bridges-bronx.shtml.

———. Request for Proposal. Design, construction and construction support services for the rehabilitation of the northbound and southbound Bruckner Expressway Bridges over CSX and Amtrak. Borough of the Bronx. Contract no. Hbx1123. PIN 84107bxbr171. Addendum # 3 December 10, 2007.

New York City Oasis. Location Report. Accessed online at http://www.oasisnyc.net/map.aspx.

New York State Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation (OPRHP). Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS) Online GIS Database. Accessed online at https://cris.parks.ny.gov.

Sanborn Map Company. Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps. Various dates. Provided by EDR.

[The] New York Times (NYT). Busy Section of Bronx. November 4, 1906.

———. “Big Bronx Operation.” September 27, 1908.

———. “Auction Sales: Joseph P. Day Offers Many Long Island and Bronx Sites.” September 11, 1921.

———. “East Side to get a ‘Riverside Drive’.” July 26, 1934.

———. “Great Triborough Bridge Now Taking Form.” March 3, 1935.

Ultan, Lloyd and the Bronx Historical Society. The Beautiful Bronx 1920-1950. New York: Harmony Books, 1979.

Van Ryzin, Gregg G. and Andrew Genn, Neighborhood Change and the City of New York’s Ten-Year Housing Plan, Housing Policy Debate, Volume 10, Issue 4:799-838, 1999.

Works Progress Administration (WPA), William Hollingsworth Whyte, and Federal Writers’ Project. The WPA guide to New York City: the Federal Writers' Project guide to 1930s New York ; a comprehensive guide to the five boroughs of the Metropolis - Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Queens, and Richmond. 1939. Reprint, New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.

Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3701 Appendix A Correspondence

Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3702 Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3703 Volume 2 5/18/18 Appendix - Page - 3704 ANDREW M. CUOMO ROSE HARVEY Governor Commissioner

January 9, 2018

Daniel P. Hitt, RLA Director, Office of Environment NYS Department of Transportation 50 Wolf Road Albany, NY 12232 (via email)

Re: FHWA/NYSDOT Hunts Point Interstate Access Improvement Project/Bronx, Bronx County PIN X731.55

Dear Mr. Hitt:

Thank you for your ongoing consultation with the New York State Historic Preservation Office’s Division for Historic Preservation (SHPO). We continue to review this undertaking in accordance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. These comments are those of the SHPO and relate only to Historic/Archaeological resources.

Based upon this review, the SHPO concurs with your agency’s finding that no additional archaeological survey work is required for this action. However, if unanticipated discoveries are made during construction we would recommend that standard protocols be followed.

Our office also agrees with the scope of the Area of Potential Effect and historic resources survey activity that has been established for this undertaking. Please proceed to enter the project and this information into the CRIS program.

If I can be of any further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact me at (518) 268-2166 or [email protected].

Sincerely,

John A. Bonafide Director, Technical Preservation Services Bureau Agency Historic Preservation Officer

______Division for Historic Preservation P.O Box 189, Waterford, New York 12188-0189 • (518) 237-8643 • www.nysparks.com

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