Economic Survey of Punjab

2000-2001

> > r e f e o r ECONOMIC SURVEY OF PUNJAB

NIEPA DC

D11040

waftRsr iw aare, iltro jrasra, #ti1ai^ ECONOMIC ADVISER TO PUNJAB GOVERNMENT CHANDIGARH 0 ! * ^ 3

P if h> - £

i PoniiivJs^TArKiN cenTBft •■• A-'ducscionaj ?l-^'-.. . V V. c-ox>. l7-r \ -.J,.: ’!(IC mntg, 5 .- \ t o 4 c o-t:r__:r^;55=jro!j INDEX

» a t I* Contents Page No.

1 I REVIEW WTHE ECONOMY

1. ^feoT tSiHd 1 1. An Overview of the Economy 41

2. 4 2. Problems and Prospects 44 n n SECTORAL ANALYSIS

1. 13 1. Agriculture 53

2. 17 2. Biergy 57

3. ©•€iff3r 21 3. Industry 61

4. d H ^ 24 4. En^bymait 64

5. Pld, tor»f3■fe 26 5. Finance, Banking & Credit 66

6. of^H3^■ 29 6. Prices 69

7. 31 7. Public Distribution System 71

8. 32 8. Social Services 72

9L araM 37 9. Poverty Alleviation 77 m ti^scsrw^P!^ m STATISTICAL TABLES fen «gi-31% ; Symbob used in this Publication

R Revised P Provisional

Q ddd Quick T

Ml A Accounts RE HM Revis^ Estimates BE Budget Estimates

Ciii)

1 . >H'd fa c (d ' 3 'f? oC?;ij

HT75- 1999-2000 'dfyold' uraw Hfw (1993-94) oftHSn- §■ Tm 1998-99 ^ 37154 eras’IWt'yTO- 1998-99 ^ 4.24 UHte ^ ^ ^ Hopg^ fTO 1999-2000 6.86 39704 (H fe >>W>TO) UliF t fHPJTI fSH FTO f W ni'gfyoJd' W ^ #31TU?r ^d^tSMdT ^ o fW t #f^»i'dryo

^^U f^§H ir^H fW oftH 3T(1993-94)# 1998-99 # 14914 (>1^^) oft^ W F 3" ^ I" 1999-2000 16151 C3^) offe H14F t # f^T fuSH JTO F 2.54 I j H t e ^ F H oraS 1999-2000 f w 8.30 l{ 3 to r ^ ^ ^ IW " U" I fecT (fcro) 1998-99 ^ 3.33 (>>fnar#) ira te ^ ^ ^ 1999-2000 fw 10.06 (3^) Wrq" ^ ^ fW w oft^ 91^ I

1.3 HoisJ^ frffr 6t:!Mdl, ©H'dl" >HS f diH' w f^ U?T, f w 1998-99 f^HfWcftH3T-( 1993-94) U J^fm r^ 9078 (»TU#) ora^ ^ ^ ^ JTO 1999-2000 9642 (3fe) offe UH? t fHP>T H 6.21 ir^Hd ^ ^njT tldH^'y' S’ I

1.4 fTTH fw tf^ W gt>r, ^ 1{HTO' »rfe- TOB" HTfHW TO, F ra 1998-99 F 4.14 (>KWl') u g f e ^ W # HoPTO yro 1999-2000 fw 5.69 (3 ^) U^ta- ^ ^ ^ feoTW 9THt I feFT »T3- ^ WH?7 ¥3^ f ^ 9T>f^ 11.63 »T3 7.95 ^rxF f e r w o fe^ fUPJT I

1.5 Hf^ (1993-94) ofhra^ 3 1998-99 F 14007 (»r^) UU^ 1999-2000 fw 14678 (?fe) ^ ^ # ftr4 .7 9 l{ 3 l« 3 U T ^ U ' tddH'O't^' tlM^ffT?ofHf3i‘3 i ^ l { ^ > ) r K ^ T T O '1998-99 U 20463 (»TTO|-) iU F 3^ ^ ^ WB 1999-2000 fw 23040 (3fe) W8- fe >H5HT77 t R fbr 12.59 l{ 3 b 3 ^ d" I

1.6 1993-94 3'gT>>re-gT^^>>^i^jrMor3^^gfenfT^^T%f^HT>f^ 1 1 ^ ^ j t ^ 1993-94 e 33 jounte^tfe^ 1999-2000 27.39 (H te ) U H te- crfe fepJT I U W r ¥ 3 ^ ^ ITO 1 9 9 3 -9 4 12.75 JTO 1999-2000 7P7^ 12.77 (H3T3’) t 11 ^ ^ ^ >>THfeoj^ f w ^ FR5- 1993-94 ^ 45.85 §" UJZ # yTO 1999-2000 40.16 (3^3-) UdftH3" ^ fepjfl H<3s^d1 ^ G{ HTnH- 1993-94 f w 21.90 I f ^ t e W fTOT 1999-2000 24.28 (3^) l{3fte-^ ^rtjr ^ f^RHT 11 tea" F RWT^ W HHW 3-, ^ f ^ 1993-94 F 31.91 f ^ ^ FTO 1999-2000 fw 35.04 (3fe) lo W t fer>>r & I

Vtfl" r>f7SKT^&HfagT)^jftuqg#7 .9 0 1 ^^ 10.76U3tH3-’fiHd HH'f^FR?‘ 1998-99 4905 ofB^ W 5834 offegUF^11

1.8 »fOTT ^ TO ITO- 1998-99 (>HWt) F 226.91 §" ^ ^ JTO 1999-2000 (>>fW)‘) 252.07 OT ??> t fePiT H fe-11.09 1 (3 ^ ^ I fer feTT FT^ gw>Hxlfe gtfrp>F TOgora^ 7739 UtTFdor^W §'^^7847 (1.401{3te’) UtTF UoT^W t fgP>T lor^>H#HT^ % HOT 1w yra- ^ hopto jth- 1999-2000 f w ? r > f ^ 12.11 9.05 uhIhh Qau’^^^t^yra’ 1999- 2000^ 252.07 HoTOTFITR-2000-2001 fw 229.17 OT ^3■ fnfw 11 tS’^ ^ HH>fr ^ ^ >>m S’^ RoTF US'>>f3'^ @3XT^ Iw g '^ §" t I 1999-2000 (>HWl') 0.41 OT ^7^ F HoTTO 2000-2001 (»f^ ^>?feK) 0.97 ^ ^ ^ Ul >HMUIt o WU F yra 1998-99 (>>fwl-) 4.82 ^ 1999-2000 (>HTH#)f^7.54 O T^H ^^nFU f^tifH U ^t^f^H M '^U r?r56.43 UHtTO

1.9 »f# Fuf>P)TOt»r ©y^faTor feo*fFt»r fro 1998-99 f w 604 3^ ^ # yro 1999-2000 fw 626 t 12800 0^3- ^ W t i t z 0>TO % fOTHP ^ sw »rfe»F ti feoFEhr # fdlddl 1998-99 fw 1.97 ^ ^ JTO 1999-2000 1.99 OT 3750.00 2000 OT7T TO 3^ OdU'tiA (1993-94 # )

1 9 9 8 - 9 9

23.44

►♦1 15.69

►♦♦♦♦♦♦^

8.75 11.98

ElUUUiS ■ >h5 yfetT B lf r o ^ ^ , SfT, tT » H u »re l iif;9 Q h '^T B O t ^ ^ d l

□ t o 25000

cvj 20000

§ 15000

hoi 10000 I 5000 I J-L 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99

SU tJ»d ofhfHi’# U feoi»f3-1116 €^>F feo('^1»r fH^JTI 416 >H^ 9648 f%»forHl»r §" afTdT'd wM>>r oft^I

1.10 gTT^»rgferf%orTT?5^HU3‘tT |#t I yro-2000-2001 H «:W ^tW ^^2420.00 0ft?5l4FfW629.82 (26.03 U5!b 3') oT^gi4F§BrT ^m#Vra'5^HT’o?f#gT^U?rif^>KTHoft^fr^tfb^ ^ Hgnrg- h h ^ 11.88 irg to " ^ w%^ # f t o 1999-2000 3973 m3T'^'<; ^ 4445 Hdl‘‘e*f?r 2.82 UHkrgr ^ >KEW 3" 1

1.11 J] •^Hdf' ^ ofhfar^HWMoT(>>fcrg-1979-80 3^ 1981-82 = 100)f^}TO 1998-99^ 16.6 1999-2000 1.8 i r ^ t e w HTy^ ^txjt u f ^ ti yro 2000-2001 % ufro Hulfw W oftXHi- ^ H W MoT 1.2 l{3ftHH olW ^ oftH3+ ^ IT3r3- % 3ftu#gfti i r w H6o('d fe>>rB‘ ofeT- gw>HorgT#^gTtT^g:9g->Hor?r75‘l?5<^T3f^Py^5-^1998-99 ^ 12.1 l{3te- # HoTTO 1999-2000 iw 1.2 IJH te WHF ufenr S' I

1.12 iJdiHdl'dI rtdl*cf'd fidd' ^ few ^fldPd td:^c^d« fW ^ fdl'dil VTW, 1999 5.67 OT 3" 2000 5.38 5.12

1.13 ^ ^ W t f^ W ^ ^ W^rf^ ^ I ^ M U" I yro 1998-99 (OT) fer 3262.81 (TO ^ ) o?fe 1999-2000 fw 4202.65 oraB’ ^ »f3-JTO-2000-2001 5350.45 (Hi^ W§ir^) oTtS-UW fe-^ »F R^\ 2

OT F f%^ 9 ^ & frny*' ^ I f^ f%^o(c/] >>rH^(S' >JfSt S'I H B ^ o T^ ^ ^ t u f e >>fH ^ ^ f e r §■ w w r ^ w ora?r u 11 h k I w ^ >h^ # t o > h a w f% HW -yg^ feFf5»r fepjp-11

Fwfifw^ :

2.2 UvT^ ^ >H‘dfao(cr ^ ^ H fer t fcS'd^d t U ^ HUl'1 HTH |r ^ grogr ^ ora?r u t fkR" e ?r^ ^ ^ 0>r^ # g m 9 ) - oi^ ^ HH^ t ^ >>rir fw ^ hkIw 11 oT^ S’ J Htsr # of^ FT ^ fefePHTTi^ ddt<5T t >>f# ^ftpjT H^Tor ^ >> m 3-in§^ 11 ^ ^ HU^ w ? ^ fb r RHfTP>r f w oftei" 1 g w yrzT L fF W >hthh fsBW u ^ S5 ^fOTHHlwJi^q'Ot!' t w '5rgfe^.:^.§'.FHf u f e r t i

»mw f w JTO^ fe^ t ftrFT?r frr?^ §• ^rra- ^ nt, u ^ ora^ t o ^

UF TO I feFT W 7 0 ^ 25 oTTO % «slie o<'dH«aidl6J»--63 Gl^^1 ^ H iU ^ > > n W U ^ fu ^ f^ td d 'ro (> > F ^ U T ^ o r^ ^ § H irT O S3 — “ • w d v j S’ oTijT^ ^ f e »f^ ^ g j ^ ^ t ! yJ]y'5>@ :Eitr^

^ni'dryo^d' f^fH^e@??3>HH^ora^^>rTOifHl’^ § iJtr^ H o f^ ^ ijT ^ F H 'a * ' ^ HT" 11 ilrr^ ^ u^TO ^ HHt?r ^ i4Wrcio| 3 ^ § ’ g r o rS’ >H#feTT3" Pfcl^J''^' t3> ft? r^ U O T IT ^ ^ H 3^ 23 H.Ht^WHW?TEB"

Wdl^dl # W f e t ’dTW W t H^HdTfliJW W TTT?- g€W^>’ U # ^ ^ ofhf^ # Wdls/dl 2000 o?t^ gUF >>r#HTt tT 5000 9W U ^ doTZW f?5^ ^ 1JH»^ F 1 4 ^ fe%>>F W - H W ^ ^ H K fr^

2.3 Urrg- ^ ^ r s \w ^ »fff ^ >h1uk ora- uut 6" i 1999-2000 ^ U |^ §3ire?r Hfw (1993-94) oftHHi'^ Hor^B■, liw r Fflfe 40.16 U5lH3r(lJTFh<^Ror^ETf^ 40.68 U^tH^-) t tT^ fbr fw 24.28 # ^UFdl" m z ^ W f ^ 35 .04 MS\W311 oF^ fed Ufe>>T I 3oT^ ?5^TiraT 84 u J\B ^ oTHB’ wtcS" >>r fo T t frm" oTH?r ^ ^ w ora^v ^ mtTTfor f^p>TU^ ??df udt 5" I

2.4 yr75T >HoT5W, 2000 ^ >HTrg?r t^raPB' ^ h crfe^i-My- 364 f%>HorH^>r e QtiMfclld y fo zi f4^ 4.4 f% > H ^ jfl-1 ^ ^ f ^ do(*1ofl W fJTfW ^ fm v^ m W 11 irff FTO feTT 3 ^ F w ^ , > rf^ f^ra3--Hor^ wh^ t uu- u?t i ^ »f3' QeMfgrdr q f e f e p x ^ fd(~~h^ u?^g>fe- §■ d iH'3T a ^ ^ f iP H ^ HK9f¥T U?T I Ho? (Slo/t >>i3 0 H' ^ 3" f e l T ^ f fcSd'H g )^ ?7W fefeW »f# Q^i^Pdld HoTgg- e KBf3- feT ' 11~~

2.5 1949 OeCifdl^ H^ (»T^.^.>W.) F f^ ^ Uni3- oft3^>T U^, ^ 37699 oft^ 3W t »f# feTT JTO 4,62,692 ^ # d'^|T ^ fHR- I feJT F HoTTO ^ ^ >>ram3', 1991 §" W f ^ U , 2000 frrls' 127 ora?)- feoPFt»r utw HH^kr iroa- uift»r U7TI JTO 2000-2001 (WHW, 2000), 100 >H^.^.>HKtr, fw 26p gUE ^ y?Tt fe^TT U ^ 3" 16076 ^ dddl'd ^ Hddl‘ I fETT3" H'rt 1978-79 F re w F irafeoT fjfe UHW W 1 .98l' l{3tH3- HT75-1997-98 f w U4Z ^ 0.78 ^ fdP>T I 2.6 ih^fW^inB^lorfworafiP>r#t^)f"gw>H^ir3-gT7;r^ HoFTO ufe-11 FTO 1999 >H?JW 37.77 U 3 t e Ht, d'H^dl'

~~>>f# ^cS'^dT orafe>>r # rOJ-r goTVT >)f^T4t3‘ ^ H o T W ora^ # ^ > 1 ^ 89.95, 77.67, 65.24 >H# 63.34 U H te fW ^ y rf^ fe P > T I ^fw ^raftp>T gorH^f^HWfw§^K^ W^fe#Fora?T«>/] ^~~

2.7 HW, 2000 F>fe îJiTO ^ 13503 H.^. F 5029990 WBol'd' ^ôraf^tl^H iR J3-§3l4P ^H H d^ 5185.5 H.^. U ',fkR-fw f^^W f^lFÛ T^§^2677 H.^. Wry?yiF#or^t (>Hg^ wt?T) 1298 K.^. »f# ^5.5 H .^ . ITOoT?*- H" IJtTO ^ 1205 H .^ . S' I ^ f w fc n f^ ^ HUr grfl- HtJ'Wd', irai^lHlH »T3‘ HtW fed'Jl fsiHMloidci ip r a ^ f5^ PyfTWl ^ ^ ?ra- ^ U0l’ F oTU^ r<^ddd ^ & I UtTO ^ fy-HWl t d F H W , 2000 ^ »?3- ^ 4.15 OT >H^-f?)V3^ f ^ ifed" UF US' f ^ f w U J ^ 7?^ 96718, 16705, Ot^MfdTol 2547 » f^ HoT^d- ^ 298494 U3dT HiTiyiicioccI' ^:dlfl'. HfUB- 518 dlfdlT U?T, 37 Fra'-H^H?r 220 F , 68 H^-H?H?r 132 F , 313 F1H-HZH?T 66 F »f# 100 yra--H^H

2.8 IJfrg- f w t-di^dl'-^ ^ HKfJW f ^ ^ f ^ f e r M t >K# ydrldl'd' ^ fdlddl 31 HW, 1996 J 5.48 §" U47^ 31 HW, 2000 ^ 5.38 dftl 37^ 11 ^ f%>HorHh>r ^ fdlddT ^ 31 HW, 1996 §• 3.26 31 HW, 2000 ^ 3.96OT 11 31 H W , 2000 §■ dddl*d f ^ dfrfH^d^ UH fw 73.63 U3b3" fiw t-tiJdl'd HcS" I ufe ^ ^ t-dddl'^ ^ dilT HBoTd" % 3Soluy> »f3- MHde-'d fW H# ^^TcS- t ^ T »T>rES‘ HXIK ^ Hdo('d ^ W ^ UT ?TcjTh' u i d ^ ^ umw §■ ho t s ' oras" ^ fH »re e ^ fH»TO F orevf W d ^ U 1 HîSMdl W HhII’ hI' ^ ^WHT^felT HHW, 1999 f e ^ S^ll?i<; ^ e IjW §■ ^ oraTS* yddT^ jft, ^ ferr H tq’ f w ore^ HUHÛd^ irm ^ diFi drir Hdorra ^ f%or^ ora »TH^ §■ ‘Û'Gd ^ OT^ §■ f%oT^ ora^ ^ ^ f ^ f ^ d f w UI HdoTd ^ f i t dlF o T ^ ^ ^ dTiT ^ f ^ toTTT>HW7S-F JTO-1998-99 f w 3262.47 ora^ ^ §u ITW 1999-2000 fw W ^ 3946.47 ofd^ ^ t dT^, f^ §" ?TdT^ t f^ f^ fir^ JTO e HoT^ 21 ITHte ^ 11 f^ HH" feoldl ^ fw ^ 32 W f H » f^ W ^TTT ^ o fl^ fdPHT I tfd^ H'SlS" # dTtT Hd'orra ^ tJU# §■ d ^ f ^ f w drg'dH^ H W f?!P>F§-

2 .1 0 d^lT ^ >H'dryo(d' W ^ d! s i?;d¥d’ ora^ 11 d ^ ^ ^ 1 1 r r o 1999-2000 ^ ^ o r ^ > > f 3- ^ 159.10 OT »f§- 87.16 OT ??r ^ 1{RJ3" oft^ 3" I FPTS" 1999-2000 94 68 I F f ^ fep>T t , H 5 8 >>f# 42 U H te" 9"5W 3" I few §" f ? o r ^ >>f^ ^ ^TTf^ fHUH" t^Hfe TO ^ H >HH^ ora’ HOT eT R T ^,^ f w dHelwl o(U77 W 11 feR HOT fw y^H^- tfer oft^ tT t fe" U3+ HoTHT Uj^T ^ >M, W €W U^ ftiPH^ §" fiP>r^ tT# 3^ ^ oftvrsft UT^ ^ ^ of^ fF H^ I 2.11 IJtTO w i t r^3H<;dliH oTBiiHHTr ?>>r3T 11 fi?f^>>r l.rfe»fW, HHip-, »ffK3H^, tTWW, ^feUHT^ H i ^ , oTyUTOT, fetH W , W f ^ , # f^ »f?^ ^ fcsWd ora^ HBUraH^>r ^ guh>F u?r I oTOT§H?r ^ 2000 ^ HHon^/HW/mpfeor 405.80 orfe§14F^^?^Tgj3-7TO31 TOoT^HOTJB’oft#U?riorOTH^ 50.68 ora^ ^ >Hn4^ ^ ^ I f^ IFR^ 3^ 5,650 |^ f O T ^ # » f ^ 11,500 ^ §■ 5>rfOT ^ # diHdPd l{aT3- 11 HtW 2000-2001 orgiiHHTr ^ ^ »ra' H ^ft»r ^ U H f^ , fe w 'H gru#oTH Hdi'§^ 30 ora^ 3" I iTfTO HnH” 1999-2000 HTOtonR" 3 T tfi^ >H# torfHUT W W , TO>>fW >HH ^ T H ^ 1350 vft.^TT ^ dldn^df »f# ^oifHdl oft^ ^ I ^ >T?^ F ra 2000-2001 do1orH dldf^dl tofftrar H^ W WUFF tF U

2.12 HT75-1998-99 5 ^ 50 U W 1286 gfe?- ofti^ UTF >H# fen # 3940 f%’Hor3t>>r §■ Ih5 >>r# >>ffOT # d'ddi'd f^arr fep>r i U^tT ^ H ^ oTTO ^ tT H^ IHT75-1999-2000 5 §" 50 H W iH' F 2200 Hgnj3 - ofTO ^ yft I faH f%fq~ H#-dddi»d »mfe 927 HJ^niir ora^ 2205 fe>Hor5h>r§‘lOT>HF>>f^ feP>fT t Mdf)- HT5- 2000-2001 900~ f f e ? HOTT? oTTO ^

>H# n m u ^ fef^PHTOT ITO5’-QhS’ HW t^ l|;€TcS' ofTO U f ITOS" fe^'dl ^ ^TtT 31 H W , 2000 ^ 1364 Vff UHtT3ra (fen ^ tT O y>>f#3 UH u m f3 ra HTHW TO) >>f3‘ 1431 Vlf feHlOWt^r HOTrB" o(M>>r TO fePT 3" o f i ^ UH TO §• H ^ »f^ ^ yfj'y 'if »f# feWTtT Hdr^PofdH' HWT^ l{ ^ oTTO 25^~3TtT fw Ufuwi- ^ U fW ^ , SpeTOST, ufe»fW, HHrag-, feteua" 0?^-o(w1fA6r ora’ uu* t o 11^: u?^-o(rtir r ti t ^ : i ^ - d i ^ f M Mfk^Tra-, fe 11

~~2.13 *> y'ds^^'r«h fo rm al »fo?fyd,2 0 0 0 ^ 121.75 ora^HINTS'It,fOT F HoTOff yro 1999-2000 375.14 ^ ^ oraH 3TF h)- I~~

~~HT75T 1999-2000 >M 1426 §" oTBH f ^ 8TF »fi- HUhSTHHW, 2000 3 ^ 140 W ^-U ‘dd* §" o(dd tF^f^UTTI >f^fUT>>r’>f#HUt<^H 2000^900.00Uor^>Hg‘^ ^ 479.10 UoT^W HT-^ UW >M IJT75^ TO TT for 9-1~~

2.14 31 H W , 2000 ^ VJi^ih‘(ST ^ ^ ^ y ‘dW‘ H ^ fgP>T 11 Tm 200 0-2001 »f# HTOh>F whs- w ^ 3TorgT uh^ uot^w »f3- lo UoT^W f e » f ^ I ^ vrarfe^- fsTHK §■ HUTO" 75F|- ^ ao(A]6( fd[ y dl^T , dlde^fftdr »f# dld^fttd 200 Uof^W 90^^ feF ddie^ol »pfe' fePHT»T3' ferr d^6lot WHW 8.25 ^TTtnr fiSTRH % «^^4t!'d |3 HIR5^ ofl^ ^ I ?>^ ^ ttdl^'@5' 75^ li|-.F.^.^. M# oOraH)>H75‘ toT 356 OT ^ ^ H)? F HHy^^T ora# # # UTF I JTO 1999-2000 10 Hd6('d1 H H # ^ ^ W - f w 28,000 ofly^W »T^ »rt 590 fffl»r HTOh>T ^ ^ ifeT oft^- dlF I

HTOtw F f% RW flM F W §■ 14500 R 9 # gftT ul>>r to > i f ^ y iw 3THt>}ri 19700 W ^ few i- f e w oftHb>T dT^^>F »f# ura--ura- u O '^ 'td # HftfH Mxfhs-260 w ^fira^r< ^ xi •^s{1>>r3TE^)rifea'dn ynfd'yl^sJ wyfe"esjfa>>rgy^ dTTff 510 y d '« l d d i ’'5^ fre- 1999-2000 I hK F of!# ?iftK-UO' ?/] fiH f^§»r u f w ^ »f# dldtTWra- 32000 u t 0 ff?r ^ O'^'-^'d M # 2.40 HpJdd* F UF m R 5 ^ offe’BIFI

~~2.15 7^ QtdMfdlol ^)1'o(cjrhlci oTdTTW^^Hd'<*)' >rifS" toTWy>>fi^FWf5rHHfeg’^HW >)f^TO5‘W^17^t^^ 1998§'f^¥TFgW Osnrnlw^ofe^fTOrif^H^ 1999- 20 0 0 ^7715 fe^^-QdH'Tdd orals'I~~

~~2.16 IJtTO «W §€^dT >>f# fodH'd ^ ^ 24 g^ d toi toTW y » r f ^ »f# % feoTTT fr F »f# fioT ^ feoTTT o( tiid feo(Hc5 o fterfep jr3" I 26 ?>^toTW ? 5 ^ #iEWt^ >>ra^*rdd oT^ w Bg" ^ iffg‘>>r & 1~~

2.17 utTO grfr f e y f a w f%oDT (ii1-.nnT.»f^.ifl-.Hl-.) fdc UtT^ Hdd'd ^ 1{W HW t, ^ M # ^ O^MdM ^ ^cjH^fo-d old til ^ >>nr^ ^df] ^fHoP' dOdl1 I FTTT 1999-2000 tid'<*> 15 » ft UHUHT?) ^ cftH giH, 1?Rf 393.29 il4F ^ ig- # 2277 f^>m3\W ^ dddJ'd fiffe ^ l ^ FTO (30 2000 ^ ) 12 Qt^iJrtdlol ip ^ (flT^ »ft 258.89 WF ^ ^ oftf 9TF, Mg- 2649 fe»for3t»r ^ diJdKd ^ » P K tl

~~2.18 UtT? feAo{H3 9 Qtjcifdiy feSo(^3fr ufH »r &, yraTfug- oftH^ 9-1 ^ >HB d~~

^ ftg>fr>r ^ ^oPH fe»forHt»r g Ih to ^ 11 (2) fe j^o<<;iBTnt ifeoTO^CT (^ .^ .^ jft.) ^ F OtiMdl* fe^>T^ oft# 3FI^ ^tgu»tfs« ^ g^>rfe^ g ^gfl»r HgT^d^ i(^ orgr^ (3) »fg? >H# H'^<;^ W §0{Swh1 l[W>>r^fH^t>K^(>JbT.^.iri‘.>)f^.) H fed^H'd ifecrg1*>r §• »fof# i{g^ ora^ irgyg^ i j ^ orag^ &i ?jfgi#di 80 >H? ^g^*F fg ^ ^ f e ot feo(rg1»r feff cp-dijHlft u y I 1 ^ Ifespghr ^ HWW feof^ doldlyA’ 1000114^ o |^ S’ fiw # 7TO ^stihRS- 5000 f%’>for5i>>r §■ gBBT^ f m d" I U09T et>>r m y u t fn^ gfrldH (tinn^)ftr^ (fPlTO)»f#tHf^ a’fH(5.^.t.)>HTfe^lOT^wSofH l^>HTU^vrg^3-|

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~~H3W3' ifero* oratf?5' >»T^ feA^dito (»n^.>>r^.^.)Vl' ^15 i^Khr F FWni^ iu 8 -^ f^ oft^ fF#gft I~~

~~iftTO §■ MW » f # . ^ . ^ o rw r^ ^ 3“ »it f e y fe6>i5rfe^ fW K > H § fe~~

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~~— % wss firow yt ^ >h# feSoj^yfiisor f^0(O' ocdA^ olot oidrt' I~~

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~~~~~~~~8.13 #^1999-2000 126061 (1,800 1 ^4>261 fu s^ HS’ (FF3^ 9.15)1~~~~~~~~

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~~~~~~~~37 38~~~~~~~~

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~~~~~~~~1. AN OVERVIEW OF THE ECONOMY~~~~~~~~

The economy of Punjab has made a perceptible growth during 1999-2000. The Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) at constant (1993-94) prices has risen to Rs. 39704 (Q) crores from Rs. 37154(P) crores in 1998-99 showing a growth rate of 6.86 percent in 1999-2000 as compared to 4.24 percent in 1998-99. The acceleration in the growth of economy in this year can mainly be attributed to a sizeable gain in production of main agriculture crops, which still plays a dominant role in the growth of the economy.

1.2 The GSDP from the primary sector which comprises of agriculture and allied sectors has increased from Rs. 14914 (P) crores in 1998-99 to Rs. 16151 (Q) crores during 1999-2000 registering a growth rate of 8.30 percent at constant (1993-94) prices during this period as compared to 2.54 percent last year. The agriculture (proper) has recorded an increased growth rate of 10.06 (Q) percent during 1999-2000 as against 3.33 percent in 1998-99.

1.3 The GSDP from the secondary sector which covers manufacturing, construction and power sectors, has increased from Rs. 9078 (P) crores in 1998-99 to Rs. 9642 (Q) crores in 1999-2000 showing a growth rate of 6.21 percent at constant (1993- 94) prices.

1.4 TTie tertiary sector wWch comprises of trade, transport, banking and insurance, public administration etc. recorded a growth rate of 5.69 (Q) percent during 1999-2000 against a growth rate of 4.14 (P) percent during 1998-99. The transport and public administration sectors have recorded an increase of 11.63 percent and 7.95 percent respectively during this period.

1.5 The per capita income at constant (1993-94) prices has been estimated at Rs. 14678 (Q) during 1999-2000 as against Rs. 14007 (P) during 1998-99 registering an increase of 4.79 percent. The per capita income at current prices is also estimated at Rs. 23040 (Q) in 1999-2000 as against Rs. 20463 (P) for 1998-99 showing an increase of 12.59 percent.

~~~~~~~~41 42~~~~~~~~

1.6 The structural composition of the state’s economy has witnessed marginal changes since 1993-94. The share of agriculture sector has declined from 33.10 percent in 1993-94 to 27.39 (Q) percent in 1999-2000. The contribution from the live-stock sector has slightly increased from 12.75 percent in 1993-94 to 12.77 (Q) percent in 1999-2000. The combined share of agriculture and live-stock sector in the total economy of the State has come down from 45.85 percent in 1993-94 to 40.16 (Q) percent in 1999-2000. The coiwbined share of agriculture and livestock sector in the total economy of the state has come down from 45.85 percent in 1993-94 to 40.16 (Q) percent in 1999-2000. The share of secondary sector has increased from 21.90 percent in 1993-94 to 24.28 (Q) percent in 1999-2000. The share ofthe tertiary sector \^diich comprises of services sectors, has increased from 31.91 percent in 1993-94 to 35.04 (Q) percent in 1999-2000.

1.7 The estimates of Capital Formation provide an indicator of the magnitude and growth of productive potential of the economy. The estimates of capital formation are of importance in the context of planning and economic development, as these highlight the addition to C£^ital base of the economy and consequent change in the modes and c2q)acity of production. In Punjab, the total gross state domestic capital formation (GSDCF) at current prices during the years 1993-94 to 1998-99 isestimated at Rs. 6442 crores, 7689 (R) crores, 11641 (R) crores, 8290 (R) crores, 9325 (R) crores and 10738 crores respectively showing an average annual compound growth rate of 10.76 percent as compared to 7.90 percent at national level. The estimates of GSDCF in Punjab for public and private sectors at current prices are Rs. 4905 crores and Rs. 5834 crores respectively during 1998-99.

1.8 The total foodgrain production has increased from 226.91 lakh tormes in 1998-99 (P) to 252.07 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 (P) showing an increase of 11.09 percent, although gross area sown under different crops has just increased from 7739 thousand hectares to 7847 thousand hectares (1.40 percent) during this period. In case of wheat and rice there was a perceptible increase of 12.11 percent and 9.05 percent respectively in 1999-2000 over the previous year. The target of foodgrain production for the year 2000-2001 has been fixed at 229.17 lakh tonnes as against the production of252.07 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000. However, favourable weather conditions may further brighten the prospects of rabi crops and the production of foodgrains may exceed the target. The production of pulses also likely to increase from 0.41 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 (P) to 0.97 lakh tonnes 2000-2001 (T). The production of American cotton has increased from 4.82 lakh bales 1998-99 (P) to 7.54 lakh bales 1999-2000 (P) showing an increase of56.43 percent during this period.

1.9 Large and medium industrial units increased from 604 in 1998-99 to 626 in 1999-2000 with a fixed investment of Rs. 12.800 crores. The increasing trend has also been witnessed in small scale units. The number of such units increased from 1.97 lakhs in GROSS STATE DOMESTIC PRODUCT AT 1993-94 PRICES 1998-99

~~~~~~~~23.44~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~15.69~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~8.75 11.96~~~~~~~~

□Agriculture □ Live Stock ■ Forestry, Fishing, Ministry & Quarrying B Trade Hotel & Restc 'rant Q Electricity, Gas, Water Supply & Construction B Manufacturing □All other Services PER CAPITA INCOME

~~~~~~~~25000 CO CN4 CO CO o 00 CM 00 20000 h- ■M- O) 1^ o in CO ^ O) CO o 00 CO (O O) CO CO CO 15000 CM UJ CM CM OJ UJ 0. D ^ 10000 I I 5000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~S At Current Prices □ At Constant Prices~~~~~~~~

1998-99 to 1.99 lakh in 1999-2000 with the fixed investment of Rs. 3,750.00 crores. During April to October, 2000,11 large and medium units and 1116 small scale units were registered vviiich provided employment to 416 and 9648 persons respectively.

1.10 Energy is vital for the economic development of the State. During 2000-2001, out of the total plan outlay of 2420.00 crores a sum of Rs. 629.82 (26.03 per cent) crores has been provided for energy. By the end of 2000-2001 the installed capacity is expected to go up by 11.88 per cent i.e. from 3973 M^W in 1999-2000 to 4445 MW. The prospects of total availability of energy also look bright as it is expected to increase by 2.82 percent from 26388 million KWH in 1999-2000 to 27133 million KWH in 2000-2001.

1.11 In Punjab, the wholesale price index of agricultural commodities (base 1979-80 to 1981-82 = 100) has slightly increased by 1.8 .percent during 1999-2000 as compared to an increase of 16.6 percent in 1998-99. The price situation in the State would be fairly bright as the wholesale price index has decreased by 1.2 percent during the first three months of2000-2001. The wholesale price index of primary articles prepared by the Government of India, though not comparable with the State Index, increased only by 1.2 percent in 1999-2000 as against 12.1 percent in 1998-99.

1.12 Un-employment continues to cause serious concern in the State even though the number of job seekers in the employment exchanges has declined from 5.67 lakhs in March, 1999 to 5.38 lakhs in March, 2000 exhibiting a decline of 5.12 percent.

1.13 The major problem facing State Government is to restore fiscal health of the State by reducing revenue deficit with the efforts of the Government. The receipts frx)m the State’s Taxes has increased from 3262.81 crores (A) in 1998-99 to 4202.65 crotes (RE) in 1999-2000,and is likely to improve further to Rs. 5350.45 crores (BE) in 2000-2001. 2. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

Punjab is amongst the four States having high per Capita Income in the country. In the prevailing atmosphere of peace and tranquiUty, no doubt the State is on the path of progress but it continues to face certain problems. The problems and prospects are discussed in detailed below.

~~~~~~~~Problems~~~~~~~~

2.2. The foundation of Punjab economy is based on agriculture which is no longer profitable. The State faces a pr^lem of plenty with the resultant large scale wastage and damage in storage, which itself is a problem. There is no scientific way to store, preserve and save grains (mainly wheat and rice). The stock pile affects quality as well. During the post kharif season’s poor market response to paddy was manifestation of the same problem. This problem is further aggravated by the other States becoming self sufficient in food production, and it may be affected unfavourably with the introduction of World Trade Organisation (W.T.O.). If the State is unable to increase productivity, reduce production costs and improve quality, it will not be able to survive in th global market. The W.T.O. agreement may have great socio-economic impact, the consequences of which cannot be under estimated.

The paradox is that with the farmers of this grainbowl are deep in debt. Besides other, the rise in cost of agriculture production is one of the main cause of the rural indebtness. According to Agricultural University experts, the cost of production of wheat has increased six times, cotton seven times and rice ten times during the last three decades. Agricultural production has reached a plateau, the wheat-paddy rotation is a cause of serious concern, agriculture ecology and economy are adversely affected and soil health and water resources are getting over strained. The cropping pattem has caused extensive damage to nutrients in Punjab’s soil, besides upsetting the water table. The water table in central Punjab is going down at the rate of 23 c.m. per annum. If this decline continues for the next 15 years, about 2 lakh centrifugal pumps will have to be replaced by submersible pumps which at current 44 45 prices will cost of Rs. 2000 crores or about Rs. 5000 per hectare of the net sown area. This may further push up the cost of production. Then there is the problem of salinity and water logging in western districts of Punjab.

2.3 In the economy of Punjab, agriculture still plays a dominant role. The latest sector-wise data for the year 1999-2000 (Q) on the composition of State Income shows that the relative share of agriculture including livestock sector in the Gross State Domestic Product at constant (1993-94) prices is 40.16 percent (Primaiy Sector share is 40.68 percent) as compared to 24.28 percent of Secondary and 35.04 percent of Tertiary sector. The farm sector has developed optimally. Almost 84 percent of the total area is being cultivated, not leaving much scope for increasing net area sown further.

2.4 The average employment per unit in small scale industrial sector works out to be 4.4 persons as compared to 364 persons in large and medium industrial sector in the State as on October, 2000. Recently, there has been greater emphasis on technical and professioiwil education and every year a large nrnnber of such professionals are entering in skilled work force. Large and medium units have more potential to absorb a large number of technically trained and skilled labour force. In view of the greater turn out of technically and professionally skilled man power, there must be a strong linkage between educational institutions and the Industrial sector.

2.5 In response to 1949 Industrial Entrepreneurs Memorandum (lEM) applications for investment amounting to Rs. 37699 crores, which could provide employment to 462692 persons, only 127 (EOU) proposals have been received in the State during the period August, 1991 to October, 2000. During the year 2000-2001 (Upto October, 2000), 100 lEMs involving an investment of Rs. 2627 crores and providing employment to 16076 persons were received from Government of India. Besides, Punjab enjoyed a share of 1.98 percent in total Central Government Public Sector investment during the year 1978-79 but this nose-dived to 0.78 percent in 1997-98.

2.6 The credit-deposit ratio of commercial banks in Punjab is found skewed in comparision with that of the All India level. During the calendar year 1999, it was 37.77 percent as against 55.82 percent at All India level. While comparing the credit-deposit ratio in Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka with that of Punjab, it was found much higher at 89.95, 77.67, 65.24 and 63.34 percent respectively in these States. To improve the credit-deposit ratio in the State, investment outside the agriculture sector needs to be encouraged and enhanced.

~~~~~~~~2.7 PSEB is serving 5029990 consumers with a connected load of 46~~~~~~~~

13503 MW ending March, 2000. The total installed generation capacity is 5185.5 MW, put of which 2677 MW from its own power houses, 1298 MW is from common pool projects (i.e. under BBMB) and 5.5 MW from PEDA and 1205 MW is Punjab’s share from central power projects. The demand of power in the State is steadily rising on account of rapidly increasing use of electrical energy for agricultural operations, progressive industrialisation and intensive rural electrification programme in the State. There are 4.15 lakh pending applications ending March, 2000 with the PSEB, out of which 96718 were for domestic, 16705 for commercial, 2547 for industrial and 298494 for agricultural sector. For ensuring qualitative power supply to consumers, PSEB has laid a vast network of transmission lines and sub-stations. There are 518 Grid sub-stations with 12264 ckt. Km. of transmission lines at the end of March, 2000, out of which 37 sub-stations are of220 KV, 68 sub-stations are of 132 KV, 313 sub-stations are of 66 KV and 100 sub-stations are of 33 KV in the State.

2.8 Unemployment continues to be a cause ofserious concern in Punjab even though the number of registered job seekers both educated and uneducated has declined from 5.48 lakh as on 31 st March, 1996 to 5.38 lakh as on 31 st March, 2000. The number of educated job seekers increased from 3.26 lakh as on 31 st March, 1996 to 3.96 lakh as on 31st March, 2000. Educated job seekers constituted 73.63 percent of the total job seekers registered with employment exchanges as on 31 st March, 2000. But this problem still demands immediate and effective attention of the State Government. The pattern of Industrialisation must be planned in such a way that it should create adequate employment/ self employment opportunities in the State.

2.9 The State Government, like many others, is facing difficult financial position which is the result of commulative effect of certain historical factors like rising wage bill, heavy debt servicing burden, slow growth of tax and non-tax revenue, loss-making public sector undertakings etc. The Govt, is taking short term as well as long term measures to put the finances of the State on sound footing. A Cabinet Sub-committee for evolving strategy for fiscal management for the State was constituted in September, 1999under the Chairmanship ofHon’ble ChiefMinister wiiich took many important decisions for inq^roving financial position of the State. The State Government has adopted uniform floor rates of sales tax in respect of a number of commodities to achieve better buoyancy in sales tax revenue. As a results of the steps taken by the Government State’s own tax revenue has increased from Rs. 3262.47 crores in 1998-99 to Rs. 3946.47 crores in 1999-2000 indicating an increase of about 21 percent over the previous year. The sales tax during the same period registered a growth of over 32 percent. On the expenditure side, the State Government has constituted a public expenditure reforms commission both for confessing Government e?q)et^ture and improving its quality. The State Government is frilly committed to restore financial health of the State. 47

~~~~~~~~PROSPECTS~~~~~~~~

2.10 The State economy mainly depends upon crop-husbandry. The State has made considerable progress in foodgrain production. Wheat and rice production achieved a record of 159.10 and 87.16 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000. The State has contributed wheat and rice to the central pool to the tune of 94 and 68 lakh tonnes which constitutes 58 and 42 percent respectively during 1999-2000. However, the wheat-paddy crop rotation is affecting both the soil health and the ground water table. In this context a shift in cropping pattern is necessary. In this regard all out efforts are being made to divert area from paddy to maize, sugarcane and pulses, so that valuable water resources are properly utilized.

2.11 The activities of Punjab Agro Industries Corporation have been enhanced by appointing it as procurement agency for foodgrains in eleven districts, namely Patiala, SangruT, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Fatehgarh Sahib, Gurdaspur, Kapurthala, Firozpur, Bathinda, Ludhiana and Mansa. The Corporation has implemented 31 projects in public/joint/assisted sectors at the total capital cost of Rs. 405.80 crores upto November, 2000. The Corporation has invested Rs. 50.68 crores towards the equity in these 31 projects. Direct employment generated from these projects, is about 5650 persons and indirect employment is about 11500 persons. During 2000-2001 Corporation has signed an MOU for processing of fruits and vegetables, export and poultry complex costing Rs. 30 crores. During 1999-2000, Corporation has done grading and waxing of 1350 M.T. Kinows at Mechanical Grading and Waxing Centres, Badal, Balwana and Kangmai. During the current year 2000-2001, it is proposed to wax 2500 M.T. Kinows and additional mechanical grading and waxing centres are proposed to be set up at Tali Wala Jatan, district Firozpur and Chhaini Wala, district Hoshiarpur. The Corporation has opened 70 Juice bars giving employment to unemployed youths.

2.12 1286 dairy units with herd size of 5 to 50 milch animals providing direct and indirect employment to 3940 persons were set up during the year 1998-99. Due to financial constraints, the targets could not be fully achieved. It was proposed to set up 2200 dairy units with herd size of 5 to 50 milch animals during the year 1999-2000, against wl)ich the department has set up 927 dairy units with direct and indirect employment to 2205 persons under the self-employment programme. Further, it has been proposed to establish 900 dairy units during the year 2000-2001.

In order to provide efficient and effective scientific breeding services, the Animal Husbandry Department has set up a network of 1364 veterinary hospitals (including New Focal Point Veterinary Hospitals) and 1431 Veterinary Dispensaries upto 31.3.2000. Besides, specializied multi-disciplinary veterinary services to the ailing live stock, veterinary poly-clinics 48 at Hoshiarpur, Gurdaspur, Faridkot, Patiala, Sangrur, Ropar and Firozpur have already been set up. The buildings of veterinary poly-clinics at Bathinda and Mansa have also been completed and have been started fiinctioning with the help of existing staff. The buildings of veterinary poly-clinics at Amritsar, Gill (Moga) and Badal (Mukatsar) are likely to be completed soon.

2.13 Under the refinance support of NAB ARD, the Punjab State Co-operative Agricultural Development Bank was able to advance loans amounting to Rs. 121.75 crores as on 31.10.2000 as compared to Rs. 375.14 crores during the year 1999-2000.

During the year 1999-2000 loans for fish culture were advanced to 1426 beneficiaries and upto the month of September, 2000 loans for fish culture have been given to 140 beneficiaries. To step up the tempo of blue revolution, an additional area of830.86 hectares was brought under fish culture against the target of850 hectares during the year 1999-2000 and upto the month of September, 2000,479.10 hectares have been brought under fish culture against the target of900.00 beetles.

2.14 Under the horticulture programme in the State, an area of 165000 h e c t^ s have been brought under horticulture crops upto 31 st March, 2000. An additional area of three thousand hectares under finits and ten thousand hectares under vegetables would be brought during 2000-2001. To improve the quality ofthe perlette variety of grapes by ^plying an unproved technique like brushing, girdling and gevralic acid treatment etc., an area of 200 hectares was covered under this technique and financial help to the tune of Rs. 7.00 lakh was given to grapes growers. Further 8.25 lakh good quality nursery fiioit plants were distributed fi*om the Government as well as private registered nurseries in the State. To establish new orchards, an amount of Rs. 356 lakh was disbursed through PADB and the commercial banks in the form of institutional loans. 28000 Qtls. of potato seeds and 590 Qtls. of other vegetable seeds were produced in ten government vegetable seed farms during 1999-2000.

For the promotion of vegetables 14500 minikits of seed distributed to the growers. 19700 spawn bottles were produced and supplied in 260 adopted villages under door-to- door cultivation of mushroom compaign. The departmental pasteurised compost unit, Hoshiarpur made available 510 Qtls. of ready-made compost on subsidised rates. Under sericulture scheme 32000 green cocoons were produced and 2.40 lakh mulberry plants were supplied to the silk worm rearers in the sub-mountain districts of Ropar, Hoshiarpur and Gurdaspur during 1999-2000.

2.15 New Industrial Policy’96 has already created an industrial friendly environment in the State for attracting investment both in the country and from abroad. Thrust areas for the speedier Industrialisation of the State are agro based industries, light engineering, textile, 49 chemical & pharamaceutical and leather industries. To encourage the setting up of industrial units and repair workshops in rural areas for generating employment opportunities for the rural youth under Rural Focal Points scheme, a special package of incentives was notified on 17.6.98 for the units to be set up within an area of ^2 km. of594 notified Rural Focal Points. An amount of Rs. 15.00 crores has been disbursed as capital investment incentives during the year 1999-2000 for this purpose.

2.16 The Punjab Small Industries and Export Corporation has so far developed 24 Industrial Focal Points and two Growth Centres one each at Bathinda and Pathankot and one Mini Growth Centre at Tanda. Land acquisition process for 26 New Focal Points at various locations has been initiated.

2.17 The Punjab State Industrial Development Corporation (PSIDC) a prime institute of the State Government for the promotion of large and medium industries in the State continues to play an active role. During 1999-2000,15 industrial projects (Except Hotels and Hospitals) were commissioned with a capital outlay of Rs. 393.29 crores having direct employment potential for 2277 persons. During the current year (upto 30th November, 2000), 12 industrial projects (except Hotels and Hospitals) with a capital outlay of Rs. 258.89 crores with employment potential of2649 persons are under implementation.

2.18 The Punjab Electronics Development Corporation (ECP), has been acting as prime mover for industrialisation in the field of electronic? and it has set up Electronics Town (ELTOP) spread over an area of 314 acres, at Phase-VIII and IX, Industrial Area, Mohali near Chandigarh. ECP has also facilitated by the Ministry of Information Technology, Government of India in setting up of (I) Centre for Electronics Design and Technology (CEDT) to train man power in the specialized areas of electronic products, design and technology, maintenance engineering, complex computer applications in Industry and enterpreneurship development (ii) Electronics Test and Development Centre (ETDC) to provide sophisticated testing facilities for improvement in the quality of Electronic products manufactured by Small and Medium scale industries and (iii) Satellite Earth Station and Software Technology Park of India (STPI) to provide data communication facilities to software export units. About 80 small, medium and large electronic units are operational in this complex. The annual turnover of these units is around Rs. 1,000 crores generating an employment for about 5000 persons. National level companies as well as foreign companies like Fujitsu (Japan), Hitachi (Japan) and Westing House (U.S.A.) etc, have their presence in this complex.

With a successful experience of setting up Electronics complex, ECP is now in a process of establishing Information Technology Park in collaboration with M/s Mahindra & Mahindra. The park is proposed to provide plug-n-play facilities to the I.T. companies besides. 50 common infrastructure facilities. Setting up of Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIT) is also proposed on 15 acres of land in phase VIII-B.

ECP has been actively interacting with leading software companies both in India and abroad to make Punjab as an important IT destination and has succeeded in attracting giant Infromation Technology Industries in Mohali. Tata Interactive System and Infosyshave already started their operations from Mohali. While Satyam and HCL are on their way to open their operations. The Corporation is actively assisting the companies by providing them single window service at one point for opening these Development Centres.

~~~~~~~~The State has also launched a venture capital fund dedicated to I.T. Industry with a corpus of Rs. 20.00 crores. This has been funded jointly by PSIDC, ECP, PFC and SIDBI.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Besides the promotional activities, the Corporation is also engaged in rendering the following activities:~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~—^Training in the areas of computer and software applications and assembling & repair of Electronic Appliances.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~—^Maintenance and servicing of medical equipment in the government hospital.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2.19 With the setting up of oil refinery at Bathinda district by HPCL vdth an investment of Rs. 16000 croreS, a rapid transformation in the industrial scenario is expected.~~~~~~~~

2.20 Since introduction of Single Window System in May 1998,13254 industrial connections have been released till September, 2000. The procedures have further been simplified by constituting a Single Committee for site approval under the Factories Act an4 environmental clearance for industrial projects. Information regarding State Government policies have been displayed on the Internet web-site of State Government.

2.21 The State Government with the help ofGovemmentoflndia is also setting up an Export Promotion Industrial Park spread over an area of 175 acres at Dhandari Kalan in District Ludhiana with an approved outlay of Rs. 25 crores. An expenditure of Rs. 8.36 crores has been incurred upto 30th September, 2000 for the development of this park. The park is expected to give a boost to exports from Punjab. The value of commodities exported during the year 1998-99 and 1999-2000 was Rs. 3629.13 crores and 4062.62 crores respectively. SECTORAL ANALYSIS

~~~~~~~~1. AGRICULTURE~~~~~~~~

Agriculture is the key to the overall development of the State economy. It has made a significant progress especially in post Green Revolution period, which may be characterised as take-off stage of its economy. Its agriculture sector (including live-stock) is more dominant, still contributing 40.16 percent (Q) of the gross state domestic product at constant (1993- 94) prices during 1999-2000. Punjab has an export surplus of wheat, rice, honey and flowers. The foodgrains production has been increased from 192.18 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 to 252.07 lakh tonnes during 1999-2000 despite the fact that State’s total geographical area is 1.5 percent of total geographical area of the country. 1.2 In terms of area agriculture has reached at a saturation level since 98.5 percent of the cultivable land in the State is under plough. Thus, there is little scope to bring more area under cultivation. The agriculture production can only be increased through enhanced cropping intensity, change in cropping pattern, improvements in seeds of high yielding varieties and with the availability of better post harvest technology and better crop prices in the agricultural markets. State Government is trying to re-orient agriculture in this direction through various policy measures. Area Under Crops 1.3 The total area under crops has increased considerably since 1970-71. Cropping intensity in the State has enhanced from 140 in 1970-71 to 185 during 1999- 2000. The present agriculture crop pattern in the state is dominated by the paddy—wheat rotation causing degradation in soil fertility and further fall in the underground water level. Tlie percentage of area under rice and wheat crops to the total area under crops constitutes major proportion. Area under these two crops was 70 percent during 1990-91 which increased to 76 percent in 1999-2000. During 1970-71 only 47 percent area was under these two crops. Though efforts have been made to break the dominance of wheat—paddy rotation, yet no tangible achievement has been made in this regard. The area under wh^at and rice was 32.78 lakh hectares and 25.18 lakh hectares in 1998-99 and 33.88 lakh hectares and 26.04 lakh hectares respectively during 1999-2000 (Table 2.1). Agricultural Production 1.4 The total foodgrains production in Punjab has increased significantly over

53 54 last few decades, especially in the post Green Revolution period. In 1970-71 production of food-grains was 73.05 lakh tonnes which increased to 252.07 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 registering over three fold increase. This upward trend is still continuous. At the beginning of recent decade (1990-91) production of foodgrains was 192.18 lakh tonnes which increased to 252.07 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 showing an increase of 31 percent. Wheat and rice played a major role in pushing up the agricultural production. The production of rice which was 65.06 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 increased to 87.16 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 (P) showing an increase of 34 percent. Similarly, the production of wheat which was 121.59 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 rose to 159.10 lakh tonnes during 1999-2000 (P) registering an increase of 31 percent (Table 2.2). 1.5 The production of sugarcane (Gur) rose from 6.01 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 to 6.76 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 (?) showing an increase of 12 percent. The production of oil seeds has shown a declining trend from 1.67 lakh tonnes in 1998-99 to 1.04 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000. The decline in the production of oil seeds is mainly due to decrease in area under sun flower and rape and mustard. The other food crops in the State are maize, bajra, barley, gram and pulses. The share of these crops in total food grains remained 2.3 percent in 1999-2000. The production of cotton cleaned rose from 596 thousand bales in 1998-99 to 950 thousand bales in 1999-2000 showing an increase of 59 percent. The increase in production is due to rise in its yield per hectare (Table 2.2). 1.6 The index of agricultural production (all conmiodities) rose from 269.55 in 1990-91 to 321.72 (?) during 1999-2000 showing an increase of 19.4 percent (Table 2.3). 1.7 The production of foodgrains is expected to be around 229.17 lakh tonnes m 2000-2001. However production of previous year was 252.07 lakh tonnes. This marginal decline is due to shift in thrust of Government policy under which some area of wheat-paddy is expected to be shifted in favour of oil seeds, pulses and other crops. However, favourable weather conditions may further brighten the prospects of rabi crops and the production of foodgrains may well exceed the target. The production of pulses is likely to increase.from 0.41 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 (?) to 0.97 lakh tonnes in 2000-2001 (T) (Table 2.2). Yield Rates of Principal Crops 1.8 Yield rates (?) per hectare in Kgs. of various crops during 1999-2000 were; wheat 4696, rice ^347, mai^e 2577, gram 974, sugarcane(Gur) 6265, cotton American 337, cotton desi 352, rape seed and mustard 1117, groundnut 969 and sunflower 1367 (Table 2.4). High Yielding Varieties 1.9 During 1999-2000,100 percent area of wheat and rice crops, 90 percent 55

area of maize and 60 percent of bajra was under high yielding varieties. (Table 2.5). Fruits and Vegetables 1.10 As per census conducted by the Department of Horticulture during the year 1999-2000,30 thousand hectares area was under fruits. Kinnow, orange, malta, lemon, guava, pear, mango and grapes are the main fruits grown in Punjab. Total production under these fruits is reported 4.18 lakh tonnes for the year 1999-2000. 1.11 The total area under all vegetable crops increased from 1.21 lakh hectares in 1998-99 to 1.23 lakh hectares in 1999-2000 showing an increase of 1.7 percent. Potato with an area of 0.75 lakh hectares in 1999-2000 is the major vegetable crop of the State. The integration of fruits and vegetables production with their processing may not only add value to the crops of farmers but may also open up big employment opportunities in the State. Irrigation » 1.12 The State is being served by the excellent network of irrigation facilities. Canals and tubewells are the main source of irrigation in the State. The net irrigated area in the State is increasing continuously. 94 percent of the gross area sovm and 92.7 percent of the net area sown was irrigated in 1990-91 which rose to 9^ 1 percent and 9 ^ i 5ercent in 1999-2000. Irrigation intensity during 1999-2000 was the State (Table 2.5). Consumption of Fertilizers 1.13 Fertilizers, the most important component of the new technology, played 3 very important role in enhancing the agriculture production in the State. Since the introduction of high yielding varieties, the consumption of chemical fertilizers has been increasing steadily. Year-vvise total consumption of NPK in Punjab was 1220 thousand nutrient tonnes in 1990-91 which rose to 1448 thousand tonnes in 1999-2000. Consumption of chemical ^rtilizers (NPK) per hectare of gross area sown was 163 Kgs. in 1990-91 and rose to 184 Kgs. per hectare in 1999-2000 (Table 2.5). Contribution to Central Pool 1.14 Punjab has maintained its lead in the contribution of foodgrains to the Central Pool in the country. The total contribution of foodgrains to the Central Pool has increased 3 from 115.6 lakh tonnes in 1990-91 to 146.2 lakh tonnes during 1999-2000 (P) which includes 78.3 lakh tonnes of wheat and 67.9 lakh tonnes of rice (Table 2.6). Marketing and Storage Facilities 1.15 Marketing and storage facilities are crucial components of post harvest technology. As on 31 st March, 2000 there were 144 regulated markets and 519 sub yards 56 in Punjab. The average number of villages and area served per market was 86 and 350 (Sq. Km.) in 1999-2000. The total storage capacity for foodgrains increased from 192.19 lakh tonnes in 1998-99 to 198.53 lakh tonnes in 1999-2000 which comprises of 107.71 lakh tonnes of covered and 90.82 lakh tonnes of open capacity (Table 2.7). Live-stock and Poultry 1.16 Live-stock is one of the important components of the primary sector of the economy contributing 14.42 percent to the gross state domestic product (GSDP) at constant (1993-94) prices in 1999-2000 (Q). The per capita availability of milk in the State was 875 grams per day in 1999-2000. There are 42 milk plants and chilling centres in running position in the State. The production of eggs rose from 2630 million in 1998-99 to 2782 million in 1999-2000. 1.17 Beekeeping is emerging as an important income and employment generating activities in rural areas of Punjab. It is being popularised mainly amongst small and marginal formers and land less agricultural labourers which constitute the lowest strata of farming community. Two sorts of concessions are being provided to the beneficiaries i.e. training camps of 6 to 8 days in the beekeeping to techniques and provision of subsidy @ Rs. 9000 and Rs. 14400 or 50 percent and 80 percent of cost of appliances whichever is less for general and scheduled castes categories respectively for purchase of necessary equipments. An amount of Rs. 35 lakhs has been provided in Annual Plan 2000-2001 under the scheme. 2. ENERGY

Energy is a vital input for economic growth. Renewable sources of energy viz. hydro power, fuel wood, biogas, solar and wind are being exploited in the State. Non-renewable sources of energy include coal, oil and gas. However, there are no coal mines or oil wells in Punjab. Geo-thermal and tidal power is also not available. For thermal power, coal has to be transported from distant places. Similarly, the scope for exploiting wind energy is very' limited because of low velocity of winds.The scope for solar energy is ver>^ wide and some progress has been made in the efforts to commercially exploit this source. Bio-gas can meet the requirements of rural people to a limited extent only. The availability of fuel wood is also declining as farmers are cutting their old trees and converting forest land into farm land for a comparatively better return. The main source of power in the State has been hydro electric power. Three perennial rivers flow through the State and these alongwith falls on the canals are being exploited to generate electricity.

~~~~~~~~Electricity~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Installed Plant Capacity~~~~~~~~

2.2 The installed plant capacity for electric power generation in the State remained stagnant i.e. 3973 MW during the year 1999-2000. The installed capacity is likely to increase to 4445 MW by the end of2000-2001. This increase in the installed capacity is expected from Ranj it Sagar Dam. The detai Is are given in Table 3.1.

~~~~~~~~Annual Plant Load Factor Achieved~~~~~~~~

2.3 Thermal power plants are expected to achieve a plant load factor of 74.58 percent (13850 million KWH) during 2000-2001 as against 74.27 percent (13831 million KWH) during 1999-2000. The details are given in Table 3.2.

~~~~~~~~Electrical Energy Availability~~~~~~~~

2.4 During 2000-2001 the generation of electricity from hydro and steam plants has been targetted at 7456 million KWH and 12691 million KWH respectively showing a 57 58 decrease of 3.66 percent for hydro project and an increase of 0.40 pecent for thermal plants over the previous year. By including the anticipated puchase of 6986 million KWH, the total energy availability in the State is estimated to be 27133 million KWH during 2000-2001 which depicts an increase of 2.82 percent from the level of26388 million KWH in 1999-2000. As a result of the expected improvements in energy availability, the current year is likely to end with a fairly comfortable power situation in the State (Table 3.3).

2.5 Hydel power development constitutes a major thrust area in the enregy development programme. In this sector, mini and micro power development is considered not only necessary but the most enviionment friendly renewable energy programme. To feed the thermal plants, coal has to be transported from long distance adding enormously to the per unit cost of production. Moreover, these plants add to air pollution. The available hydel potential of Punjab, therefore, remains on canal falls. It constitutes a sizeable block of 150 MW of which only 4 MW has been tapped as yet. The department of Non-Conventional Sources of Energy, Government of India and the’World Bank are helping the State to fimd non-conventional energy projects. The State is taking advantage of the available mini falls on the canals to tap this source to good effect.

~~~~~~~~Energy Sales and Revenue Realised per Unit~~~~~~~~

2.6 Over 73 percent of the total energy sold is consumed by the industry and agriculture sectors during 1999-2000 and the same percentage of consumption is also expected during 2000-2001. While comparing the cost of generation of electricity per unit with the average revenue per unit, it becomes evident that like nearly all other SEB in the country, the Punjab State Electricity Board is facing per unit losses continuously as per the following table;

Year Average revenue per unit Average cost per unit (Rs.) (Rs.) 1991-92 0.60 0.88 1992-93 0.70 1.10 1993-94 0.89 1.32 1994-95 1.08 1.48 1995-96 1.25 1.60 1996-97 1.36 1.70 1997-98 1.48 1.97 1998-99 1.57 2.13 1999-2000 1.62 2.37 59

The average revenue per unit in Punjab was Rs. 1.62 during 1999-2000 and this is Hkely to increase to Rs. 1.77 during 2000-2001. The average revenue per unit in case of public lighting is Rs. 3.57 whereas it is Rs. 3.47 in case of commercial consumption during 1999-2000. The item-wise average revenue per unit is given in Table 3.4. The agiriculture sector still continues to be subsidised. T ubewells Energized 2.7 High yielding varieties oT seeds and use of chemical fertilizers has placed a great demand on irrigation facilites. The increasing demand can be met by energising more tubewells/pumping sets. As many as 11484 additional tubewells were energised during 1999-2000 (P) thus bringing the progressive total of energised tubewells to 771133 in the State. The year-wise tubewells energised is given in Table 3.5. Transmission and Distribution Losses 2.8 Transmission and distribution is an other grey area where special attention is needed. The losses in transmission and distribution are 17.90 percent in Punjab during 1997- 98. During 1996-97 Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu had transmission and distribution losses to the extent of 25.31 percent, 18.02 percent, 19.24 percent, 16.55 percent and 17.65 percent respectively as compared to 19.10 percent in Punjab. Year-wise transmission and distribution losses are given in the following table:

~~~~~~~~Name o f the State Percentage of losses in trasmission & distribution~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1993-94 1994-95 1995-% 1996-97 1997-98(P)~~~~~~~~

Andhra Pradesh 19.91 17.95 19.34 33.19 31.76 Assam 22.44 24.18 26.91 25.97 30.05 Bihar 20.35 19.76 15.91 25.31 25.41 Delhi ——— 49.08 46.85 Gujarat 20.34 20.02 20.08 17.14 19.66 Haryana 25.00 30.80 32.39 32.77 33.04 Himachal Pradesh 18.31 18.21 16.09 18.02 19.20 Jammu & Kashmir 45.69 48.74 47.52 48.27 47.48 Karnataka 19.55 19.41 19.06 18.73 18.56 Kerala 20.00 20.05 21.12 20.59 17.87 Madhya Pradesh 20.26 19.61 17.84 19.24 19.08 Maharashtra 16.22 16.33 16.94 16.55 17.73 Meghalaya 18.03 18.47 12.55 19.75 17.93 Orissa 22.43 23.03 24.17 50.15 Punjab 19.37 16.70 18.49 19.10 17.90 Rajasthan 25.00 24.78 29.27 26.28 26.46 Tamil Nadu 17.18 17.11 16.19 17.65 17.00 Uttar Pradesh 24.08 21.69 21.84 24.84 25.00 West Bengal 20.82 21.51 19.26 18.01 20.34 60

~~~~~~~~Consumption of Petroleum Products~~~~~~~~

2.9 The consumption of petrol in 1999-2000 was 561421 kilo litres which was 14.10 percent higher than that of 1998-99. The consumption of high speed diesel in 1999-2Q00 was 2737375 kilo litres which was 23.05 percent higher than that of 1998-99,. The consumption of kerosene oil increased in 1999-2000 by 6.18 percent as compared to previous year. The number of L.P.G. connections as on 31 st March increased from 13.55 lakhs in 1998-99 tol6.15 lakhs in 1999-2000 reflecting an increase of 19.19 percent.. There were 5.18 lakhs pending applications for L.P.G. connections during 1999-2000 as against 5.98 lakhs during 1998-99. The data in respect of principal petroleum products is given in Table 3.6

~~~~~~~~Gobar Gas Plants~~~~~~~~

2.10 Gobar Gas Plants not only provide energy in a clean and unpolluted form in rural areas but also produce enriched manure to supplement the use of chemical fertilizers for increasing crop production. In 1999-2000, an additional 2638 gobar gas plants were installed whereas 644 gobar gas plants have been installed upto 30st September, 2000. The yearwise information is given in Table 3.7.

~~~~~~~~Solar Thermal System~~~~~~~~

2.11 Solar Energy Programme is aimed at supplementing thermal ene/gy requirements by hamessing solar energy by directly converting it into heat energy. The scope for solar energy is quite wide in Punjab. As many as 24 domestic solar water heaters and 36 industrial solar water heaters were installed during the year 1999-2000, thus bringing the cumulative total to 69^ domestic solar water heaters and 812 industrial solar wat^^eaters in the State (Table 3.8) 3. INDUSTRY

To accelerate the pace of industrial development in the State, it is the imperative of the State Government to develop the industrial sector more vigorously. In this regard, new industrial policy’ 96 has already created an industrial friendly environment in the State for attracting investment both within the country and abroad. With congenial industrial climate, progressive and promotional steps taken by the State Government a number of companies have shown deep interest in setting up of big industrial units. Thrust areas for the speedier industrialisation of the State are agro based industries, light engineering, textile, chemical & pharmaceuticals and leather industries. To carry out the industrial- activity in the State an outlay of Rs. 3137.80 lakh have been provided during 2000-2001. 3.2 The Punj ab State Agro-Industries Corp(iration, a nodal agnecy developing agro-based industries, has commissioned four projects based on agriculture and allied resources with an investment of Rs. 23.88 crores providing employment potential of 275 persons in 1999-2000. Four more projects in this field are likely to be commissioned by the corporation in 2000-2001 with a cost of Rs. 22.23 crores providing employment to 305 persons. 3.3 The Punjab State Electronic Development and Production Corporation commissioned three projects in the field of electronics during 1999-2000 involving cost of Rs. 111.29 crores and generated employment for 340 persons. The Corporation is likely to implement two more projects during 2000-2001 with an investment of Rs. 415.00 crores which would provide employment to 3600 persons. 3.4 Punj ab State Industrial Development Corporation commissioned 15 large and medium industrial units in the areas of spinning, flour milling, ply board, knitting, steel and MS Ingots, metal products, galatine and medicine etc. involving an investment of Rs. 393.29 crores and providing employment to 2277 persons during 1S99-2000.12 more industrial projects in various fields with an investment of Rs. 258.89 crores are expected to be commissioned in 2000-2001 generating employment potential for 2649 persons. 3.5 Punjab Small Industries & Export Corporation developed 24 industrial focal points in the State. In addition, two growth centres at Bathinda and Pathankot are also developed by the corporation. Land acquisition for 26 new focal points at various locations

61 62 is under process. A total number of9021 plots of various sizes have been developed by the corporation, out of which 7993 plots have been allotted up to March, 2000. The setting up of an Export Promotion Industrial Park at Dhandari Kalan, district Ludhiana will give a boost to exports from Punjab. Exports from the State was to the tune of Rs. 4063 crores (Provisional) in 1999-2000 as against Rs. 3629 crores in 1998-99 showing a significant increase of 11.96 percent over the previous year. 3.6 With the commissioning of Oil Refinery in Bathinda district by HPCL with the investment of Rs. 16000 crores, a rapid transformation in the industrial scenario is expected. 3.7 The general index number of industrial production for registered working factories in the State with revised base 1993-94=100 revealed an average annual growth rate of 5.83 percent between 1993-94 to 1998-99 where as registered manufacturing division on the average showed a growth of 6.07 percent during this period. Industrial Production 3.8 The production by registered industrial units for selected items for the years 1993-94 to 1998-99 (Table 4.2) showed an increase in 1998-99 over the previous year pertaining to baby food, desi ghee, milk powder, milk all kind, instant coffee, rice all kind, biscuits, sugar, vanaspati ghee, mustard/rape seed oil, cattle feed, beer, woollen hosiery, calcium-amonium nitrate content, cycle/rickshaw tyres, cycle tubes, bar and rods, billets and slabs, forgings, complete tractors, T. V. sets (colour), cycles all kinds, cycle handles. However, production of some items viz. malted food, country wine, Indian made foreign liquor, ginned and pressed kapas, cotton yam, woollen yam, cotton cloth, ureaN content. Ingot all kinds, angle channel and sections, joist and rools, picture tube (colours), moped and foot balls recorded a fall during the said period. Large and Medium Units 3.9 During 1998-99,604 large and medium units were working in the state with a fixed investment of Rs. 12,300 crores employing 2.28 lakh persons have produced goods to the value of Rs. 30,000 crores. This number increased to 626 (P) in 1999-2000 with fixed investment of Rs. 12,800 crores providing employment to 2.38 lakh persons with a turnover of Rs. 32,450 crores. It is likely to be increased to 658 in 2000-2001 with a fixed investment of Rs. 14,348 crores, generating employment for 2.52 lakh persons with an output of Rs. 35,600 crores. During April to October 2000,11 new large and medium units were registered providing employment to 416 persons.

~~~~~~~~Small Scale Units~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3.10 The number of small scale units increased from 1.97 lakh in 1998-99 to 1.99 DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SECtOR SECTOR~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~investment (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~laooo~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~10000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~•000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~•000 4003 4000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~» 0 0~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 IMOJtl~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Production (Rs. Crores) Employment (Nos.) 31W8 30000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1M0-91 1M4^ IMe-07 1997-M 19M-09 1999-2000 1M0-I1 1M44« 1MS4C in7-98 1ffM« ltM-2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~L/M tsss SSI~~~~~~~~

63 lakh in 1999-2000 (Provisional). The employment in this sector increased from 8.65 lakh persons in 1998-99 to 8.80 lakh persons in 1999-2000. The fixed investment in these units rose from Rs. 3361.00 crores to Rs. 3750.00 crores and corresponding value of production increased from Rs. 14444.00 crores to Rs. 17750.00 crores in the said period. The number of such units is expected to increase to 2.01 lakh in 2000-2001 with a fixed investment of Rs. 4250.00 crores providing employment to 9.01 lakh persons with a turnover of Rs. 19525.00 crores. During April to October, 2000,1116 new small scale units were registered with an employment potential of9648 persons.

~~~~~~~~Industrial Finance~~~~~~~~

3.11 Punj ab Financial Corporation which provides medium and long term loans to the entrepreneurs has sanctioned loans amounting to Rs. 74.63 crores during 1999-2000 against Rs. 73.63 crores during 1998-99. An amount of Rs. 54.84 crores have been disbursed as loans during 1999-2000 as compared to Rs. 59.29crores in 1998-99. The target for disbursement of loans amounting to Rs. 80.00 crores has been fixed for the year 2000-2001.

3.12 Punjab State Industrial Development Corporation (PSIDC) provides financial assistance to projects promoted by private entrepreneurs in state in the form of direct participation and under-writing of equity and preference share capital. The Corporation sanctioned Rs. 64.25 crores and disbursed Rs. 37.09 crores in the form of loans during 1999-2000 under various schemes as compared to Rs. 75.62 and Rs. 45.95 crores respectively in 1998-99. 4. EMPLOYMENT

In order to improve the employment opportunities for the educated youth and to provide trained manpower to the industries based in Punjab, the main stress would continue on modernisation and reorientation of technical education and industrial ti'aining by introducing emerging technologies. Different self-employment schemes are being implemented by the various departments so as to enable them to secure gainful employment by setting up of their own ventures with financial assistance fi"om Govemment/Banks. The main focus is on generating employment opportunities particularly in the form of self-employment, wage-employment and employment in the private sector. Additionally, an outlay of Rs. 631.39 crores has been provided to implement various employment generating schemes forproviding employment to 2.02 lakh persons during 2000-2001.

4.2 Employment in the organised sector (public and private) has shown a contineous increase since 1990 except for the year 1997 when it declined marginally. The status of employment is reflected in the chart, which shows that the number of employees in the organised sector has increased fi*om 786434 in 1990 to 845782 in the year 2000, showing an increase of 7.55 percent. The slight decrease in the year 2000, is attributed due to the decrease in employment in public sector.

4.3 The magnitude of unemployment in Punj ab continues to be a cause of serious concem even though the total number of registered job seekers both educated and uneducated has started decreasing during the last few years. Table 5.2 provides the number of work seekers on the State’s Live Register of employment exchanges shows that total number of registered job seekers both educated and un-educated decreased from 5.67 lakhs in March, 1999 to 5.38 lakhs in March, 2000 and further decreased to 5.37 lakhs as on September, 2000. The total number of educated un-employed persons which was 3.73 lakhs in March, 1999 increased to 3.96 lakhs in March, 2000 and this figured at 3.94 lakhs as on 30th September, 2000 due to technological upgradation. The number of uneducated unemployed persons which was 1.94 lakhs in March, 1999, decreased to 1.42 lakhs in March, 2000 and it remained the same upto September, 2000. Out of the total educated jobs seekers as on 30th September, 2000, technical personnel constituted 23.61 percent and non-technical 76.39 percent. 64 EMPLOYMENT IN ORGANISED SECTOR AS ON 31 ST MARCH 1000000

~~~~~~~~900000 853760 846003 847111 853776 845782 786434 800000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~700000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~600000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~500000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~400000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~aooooo~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~200000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~100000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 . 1990 . 1996 . 1997 . 1998 . 1999 .2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~JOB SEEKERS ON LIVE REGISTER AS ON 31 ST MARCH~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~^Technical HNon-Technlcal □ Others~~~~~~~~

4.4 The main strategy ofthe Government is to create avenues for self-employment, providing training to the unemployed youth and promote industrial and commercial activities by developing industrial focal points in the rural areas. This would lead to disposal of industries . and fulfil the local demand for employment and thereby reduce the rural-urban migration and also facilitate regeneration of traditional handicrafts. The shortage in the availability of skilled persons (artisans, masons) has been tackled by the Department of Technical Education and Industrial Training which has drawn up new training schemes for overcoming such shortfalls by providing the required training inputs.

4.5 The State Goveniment has already launched an action plan to boost self- employment opportunities for unemployed rural youth by developing infrastructure pertaining* to Industry, services and business establishments in the State. The promotion of large and medium scale industrial units may further enlarge the scope of employment in the State. To generate more employment opportunities for the youth, the present Government has surpassed the target o f9000 persons under Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) as 14253 cases have been sponsored to banks, out of which 5984 cases have been sanctioned and 2555 cases have been disbursed loans upto 30th November, 2000. The Government has also started scheme of Rozgar Melas under which Melas at focal points in the villages are being organised. During these Melas diffeient loaning agencies/Banks participated and rural youth are provided information/guidance and employment counselling. An amount of Rs. 49.49 lakhs has also been distributed to 5247 Matric pass or above unemployed persons as unemployment allowance from April Jo September, 2000, by the State Government. An Overseas Employment Cell is also set up in Chandigarh to facilitate the applicants to get jobs abroad through intemet. 5. FINANCE, BANKING AND CREDIT

The major challenge facing State Government is restoration of fiscal health of the State by controlling/reducing revenue deficit of the State. The State Government took several measures in the last 2 years to increase tax and non-tax receipts of State Government. The State’s own tax revenues collection in 1999-2000 (Pre-Actual) was Rs. 3947.47 crores which increased by about 21% over 1998-99 collections of Rs. 3262.47 crores. In 2000-2001 (BE) the growth in State’s own tax revenue is expected about 36 percent. On expenditure side, the State Government has constituted a Public Expenditure Reform Commission both for compressing Government expenditure and improving its quality. RE VENUE ACCOUNT Receipts 5.2 The receipts on revenue account which were Rs. 5755.97 crores in 1998-99 (A) rose to Rs. 8382.56 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) and is likely to increase further to Rs. 10585.18 crores in 2000-2001 (BE), thus showing an increase of45.63 percent in 1999-2000 over 1998-99 and 26.28 percent in 2000-2001 over 1999-2000. State’s receipts fi-om tax and non-tax revenue constitute a dominant component of the budget, which is 82.87 percent, 80.45 percent and 85.09 percent in 1998-99 (A), 1999-2000 (RE) and 2000-2001 (BE) respectively. Out of the total receipts on revenue account 17.13 percent, 19.55 percent and 14.91 percent were collected by way of transfer of resources from the centre in the shape of State’s share in central taxes and grants during the above said years (Table 6.1). Expenditure 5.3 Expenditure on revenue account which was Rs. 83 84.31 crores in 1998-99 (A) increased to Rs. 11486.91 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) and is expected to increase to Rs. 13071.56 crores in 2000-2001 (BE), thus showing an increase of 37.00 percent in 1999-2000 over 1998-99 and 13.80 percent in 2000-2001 over 1999-2000 (Table 6.2).

~~~~~~~~CAPITAL ACCOUNT Receipts~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~5.4 Capital account receipts which play a vital role in creating infrastructure in~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~66 RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Revenue Account (Rs. In Crores) Capital Account (Rs. In crores) 16000 5000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~4500~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~4000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3500~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2500~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1500~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~500~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 Account Revised Budget Account Revised Budget~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~B Receipts □ Expenditure B Receipts □ Expenditure~~~~~~~~

67 the State stood at Rs. 4012.19 crores in 1998-99 (A) and slightly increased to Rs. 4020.42 crores in 1999-2000 (RE). These receipts are likely to decrease to Rs. 3820.05 crores in 2000-2001 (BE). Net loans from the Centre are (-) Rs. 272.69 crores in 1998-99 (A), (-) Rs. 120.14 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) and (-) Rs. 280.22 crores in 2000-2001 (BE) (Table 6.3).

~~~~~~~~Expenditure~~~~~~~~

5.5 The capital expenditure during 1998-99 (A) was Rs. 1255.25 crores which increased to Rs. 1357.34 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) and is expected to fiirther increase to Rs. 1446.50 crores in 2000-2001 (BE) (Table 6.4).

~~~~~~~~Overall Budgetary Position~~~~~~~~

5.6 The overall budgetary position shows a surplus of Rs, 128.60 crores during 1998-99 (A) which is estimated to a deficit of Rs. 441.27 crores during 1999-2000 (RE). This deficit is likely to improve to Rs. 112.83 crores during 2000-2001 (BE). On revenue account the magnitude of deficit has increased from Rs. 2628.34 crores in 1998-99 (A) to Rs. 3104.35 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) but is likely to decrease to Rs. 2486.38 crores in 2000-2001 (BE). The surplus on capital account has decreased from Rs. 2756.94 crores in 1998-99 (A) to Rs. 2663.08 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) and is likely to further decrease to Rs. 2373.55 crores in 2000-2001 (BE) (Table 6.5).

~~~~~~~~Net Transfer of Resources~~~~~~~~

5.7 Flow of resources from the Centre to the State is in the form of (a) share of central taxes and duties; (b) plan & non-plan grants; and (c) plan & non-plan loans. There is a retum flow from the State to Centre as interest payments and repayments of accumulated loans from the Centre. In 1998-99 (A) the net flow of resources from the Centre was of the order of Rs. 569.19 crores which increased to Rs. 1530.78 crores in 1999-2000 (RE) but is likely to decrease to Rs. 1451.77 crores in 2000-2001 (BE) (Table 6.6).

~~~~~~~~Tax Ratio~~~~~~~~

5.8 The State tax ratio in 1998-99 (A) to gross state domestic product at current prices decreased marginally. The ratio which was 6.29 percent in 1997-98 (A) decreased to 6.00 percent in 1998-99 (A). On the basis of quick estimates of gross state domestic product at current prices this ratio is 6.70 percent during 1999-2000 (RE) (Table 6.7). 68

~~~~~~~~Small Savings Collections~~~~~~~~

5.9 Small savings under various schemes play a vital role in financing the State Annual Plan, with the efforts of the Government, small savings net collection has increased from Rs. 1681.31 crores in l|99$-99 to Rs. 2096.50 crores in 1999-2000 showing an increase of24.69 percent (Table ^,8).

~~~~~~~~Banking and Credit~~~~~~~~

5.10, The total number of Indian Commercial Banks working in the State as on 31 St December, 1999 was 2563. The number of foreign banks decreased from 3 to 1 only. The number of Co-operative Banks at the end of the December, 1999 was 829. The primary agriculture development banks were 82 in December, 1999. The post office saving banks which are also playing an important role in mobilizing small savings were 3931 at the end of December, 1999 (Table 6.9).

5.11 The credit-deposit ratio reveals accelerating economic development of a State. However the said ratio in Punjab is quite low when compared to all India level. Oi^ the last Friday of December, 1999, it was 37.77 percent for Punjab whereas it was 55.82 percent for the country (Table 6.10).

5.12 Scheduled commercial banks are advancing the direct and indirect loans to the agriculture sector. The amount of these advances (outstanding) on last Friday of March, 1999 was Rs. 2745.21 crores (Table 6.11).

~~~~~~~~Annual Plan~~~~~~~~

5.13 For the State’s Annual Plan, Rs. 2420 crores has been approved for 2000-2001 showmg a decrease of 9.70 percent over the previous year. Major expenditure of the plan is on social services which accounts for 35.15 percent of the total plan outlay followed by energy 26.03 percent. Out of the total plan outlay 12.30 percent, 8.17 percent, 7.10 percent and 5.00 percent has been approved for irrigation and flood control, transport, agriculture & allied services and rural development respectfvely. The sector-wise approved outlay is given in Table 6.12. PLAN OUTLAY (2000-2001) Rs. 2420.00 Crore

~~~~~~~~1.16 7.10~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~35.15 12.30~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~8.17 0.50~~~~~~~~

E3 Agriculture & Allied Services B Rural Development Q Special Area Programme 0 Irrigation & Flood Control □ Energy ■ Industry & Minerals CS Transport □ Science, Technology & Environment Q General Economic Services □ Social Services D General Services 6. PRICES

The fiscal and monetary policies which are under the control of Government of India effect the price situation to a large extent. However, the State Government on its part has some role to play in checking the price rise by maintenance of an efficient pubiic distribution system, by the control on black marketing, hoarding and profiteering and by its policies of sales tax. The State Govemment has succeeded in its endeavour on this front. The wholesale and retail prices behaviour in the state of Punjab vis-a-vis National level is given below.

~~~~~~~~Wholesale Price Index~~~~~~~~

6.2 The State Level Wholesale Price Index based on the price behaviour of 21 agricultural commodities and the National Level Index based on the price behaviour of primary articles which consist of agricultural commodities mainly are not exactly comparable due to variation in the basket of commodities. The wholesale price index in Punjab (Base 1979-80 to 1981 -82=100) recorded an increase of 1.8 percent during 1999-2000 as compared to an increase of 16.6 percent in 1998-99. At the National level, the wholesale price index of primary articles consisting of mainly agricultural commodities (Base 1993-94 = 100) has increased by 1.2 percent in 1999-2000 as against the 12.1 percent increase during the last year (Table 7.1).

~~~~~~~~Consumer Price Index~~~~~~~~

6.3 The average consumer price index (CPI) for the working class (Base 1987=100) in Punjab has increased by 6.4 percent in 1999-2000 as compared to 11.9 percent in 1998-99. At the National level CPI (Base 1982=100) has increased by 3.4 percent in 1999-2000 as compared to 13.1 percent in 1998-99. During first six months of 2000-2001 the CPI in Punjab increased by 5.3 percent as compared to 3.3 percent at the National level (Table 7.2).

~~~~~~~~Retail Prices of Essential Commodities~~~~~~~~

6.4 During 2000 as compared to 1999, a mixed trend has been observed in the retail prices of essential commodities. The variation between maximum and the minimum 69 70 prices of Onion and Vanaspati Ghee has come down during 2000 as compared to 1999. Maximum prices of Onion and Vanaspati Ghee during 1999 were Rs. 14.95 per kg. and Rs. 93.92 per two htre respectively and minimum prices of same commodities were Rs. 6.40 per kg. and Rs. 77.86 per two litre. While the maximum prices of Onion and Vanaspati Ghee during 2000 were Rs. 9.95 per kg. and Rs. 75.48 per two litre respectively and minimum prices of same commodities were Rs. 5.13 per kg. and Rs. 65.86 per two litre. Whereas the variation has increased in the prices of Grams (Black) and Moong Whole during 2000 as compared to 1999.

6.5 Average price of Wheat Atta, Rice Coarse, Grams (Black), Moong Whole, Sugar Open and Tea increased in 2000 as compared to 1999 and their corresponding increase is 1.0 percent, 2.8 percent, 9.3 percent, 8.0 percent, 3.6 percent and 3.8 percent respectively. On the other hand, average price of Potatoes, Onion and Vanaspati Ghee decreased in 2000 as compared to 1999 and their corresponding decrease is (-) 8.9 percent, (-) 32.1 percent and (-) 19.2 percent (Table 7.3).

~~~~~~~~Minimum Wages~~~~~~~~

6.6 The increase in minimum wages for agricultural\labour has been 5.16 percent in 2000 as compared to 6.30 percent in 1999 whereas the inci^ease for skilled labour has been 3.56 percent in 2000 as compared to 4.26 percent in 199S\ The details of wages rates are given in Table 7.4.

~~~~~~~~PRICE IN RUPEES~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(/)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(up to 30-09-2000) -♦— Wheat Atta/ Wheat ■Rice —A—Levy Sugar —JK—Kerosene Oil 7. PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM~~~~~~~~

The Public Distribution system is controlled by the Government of India and the States are directly involved in ensuring its success. It is the endeavour of State Government to make it more efficient and realistic as it directly benefits the poor people. The poor and weaker sections of society are vulnerable to rise in the prices of essential commodities because of their low purchasing power. The Government is expected to protect these sections by controlling prices of essential commodities directly or indirectly. The State Government continued its vigil and control over hoarding, profiteering, black-mariceting and speculation. Besides, State agencies like PUNSUP also played a vital role in keeping the prices under control by providing essential commodities at reasonable rates throii^ fair price shops. Nigran Committees have also been constituted by the Food and Supplies Departpient at Distt./Sub- division/Block level to monitor the Public Distribution System and to protect the interest of the consumers. In this way, a well organised Public Distribution System is maintained in the State through a net work of 13915 fair price shops upto March, 2000.

7.2 The rate ofwheat/rice distributed to the persons below poverty line through fair price shops under Targetted Public Distribution System (TPDS) increased to Rs. 4.27 and Rs. 5.77 per kg. as on September, 2000 against Rs. 2.58 and Rs. 3.63 per kg. during 1999-2000. The price of levy sugar which was Rs. 12.00 per kg. d i ^ g 1999-2000 increased ^ to Rs. 13.00 per kg. as on September, 2000 as a consequence of Government of India’s announcement Price of Kerosene Oil increased fi:om Rs. 3.16 per litre in 1999-2000 to Rs. 6.70 per litre as on Sept., 2000 as a result of Central Govt. Policy. The State Government has decided to hold in abeyance the distribution of foodgrains to families which are above the^ poverty line. As per the latest decision ofthe Government of India, the levy sugar quota is not to be distributed to the Income Tax Assesses with effect fi-om 1 st July, 2000.

7.3 During 2000-2001 (upto 30th September, 2000), 54,047 Qtls. of wheat, 3 ,‘051 Qtls. of rice, 5,36,024 Qtls. of levy sugar and 2,20,458 kilo litres of Kerosene oil have been distributed to the consumers through fair price shops (Table 8.2).

~~~~~~~~71 8. SOCIAL SERVICES~~~~~~~~

Population The burgeoning population has been operating like a vicious circle. The population of Punjab according to 1991 census was 2.03 crore which grew at the rate of 1.91 percent per annum of the total population, 70.45 percent resides in rural areas. The scheduled caste population of the State has increased from 26.87 percent in 1981 census to 28.31 percent in 1991 census. Table 9.1 gives population of Punjab by area, sex and castes as per 1981 and 1991 censuses. Lopsided sex ratio is main concern oyer demography imbalances. There were 882 females to 1000 males as compared to 929 at the all India level as per 1991 census. This trend of sex ratio is attributed to female foeticide and infanticide. It is a social stigma and violation of human rights. The trend of sex ratio in last century since 1901 is given below:

~~~~~~~~No. of females per 1000 of males~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Year Punjab India 1901 832 972 1911 780 963 1921 799 956 1931 815 950 1941 836 945 1951 844 947 1961 854 941 1971 865 930 1981 879 934 1991 882 929~~~~~~~~

72 73 Literacy Rate 8.2 Literacy has been improved in the State during last decade. Of the total population, 58.51 percent was literate in 1991 as compared to 49.38 percent in 1981. The literacy rate in urban areas was 72.08 percent as against 52.77 percent in rural areas according to 1991 census. As far as sex-wise literacy is concerned, males are more literates (65.66 percent) than females (50.41 percent). It means nearly half of the female population is still illiterate. The literacy rate by sex and areas is shown in Table 9.2 for the 1981 and 1991 censuses. In consonance with the national policy, all efforts are being made to improve the literacy rate in the State. Education Number of Schools 8.3 The number of schools has increased from 18461 in 1997 to 18485 in 1998 and has further increased to 18887 in 1999 (Table 9.3). Out of this, 16409 (86.88 percent) are located in rural areas. During 1999, on an average, one primary school served a radius of 1.1 km. in rural areas as compared to 0.7 km. in urban areas. Similarly one middle school served a radius of 2.6 km. in rural areas against 1.7 km. in urban areas. In the case of secondary education, in rural areas one Ifehool served a radius of 2.5 km., while it was 0.8 km. in urban areas (liable 9.4).

Enrolmeiit and Drop Out Rate in Schools Enrolment 8.4 The enrolment of students has increased from 38.41 lakhs in 1997 to 39.67 lakhs in 1998 and it marginally declined to 39.61 lakhs in 1999. The increase has been more in the case of girls as compared to boys during the year 1999. The enrolment of ^heduled caste students has also shown rising trend in the age groups of 6-11,11 -14 and *4-18 (Table 9.5).

8.5 Out of the total enrolment in schools, girls accounted for 46.83 percent 1999 as compared to 46.56 percent in previous year. Age group-wise composition of girl students enrolled for the year 1999 was 47.36 percent in the age 6-11 years, 47.09 percent in the age 41-14 and 45.17 percent in the age 14-18 years. It is worth noting enrolment of scheduled caste girls has shown a rising trend. The ratio of such students in the age group 6-11,11-14 has increased from 42.06 percent in 1998 to 43.97 percent in 1999 and from 29.78 percent in 1998 to 31.55 percent in 1999 in the respective age group. However, there is little decrease in the ratio of scheduled caste girls to total girls enrolled in the age group of 14-18. 74

~~~~~~~~Drop Out Rate~~~~~~~~

8.6 Drop out rates reveal the extent of continuation in study by the student at various levels. The gender-wise drop out rates depicts the strength of economic and social taboos working against weaker section of society. The comparative picture of drop out rates, gender-wise during 1994-95 and 1999-2000 is given in the following table:

~~~~~~~~Drop out Rates I f Primaiy, Middle and Secondary Stages during the year 1994-95 and 1999-2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Position as on 30th Sept.)~~~~~~~~

• 1994-95 1999-2000 Class Boys GMs Total Boys Gills Total I-V 22.63 22.94 22.77 2&.12 19.99 22.17 I-VIII 37.68 43.01 40.15 29.82 29.90 29.85 I-X 51.54 56.87 54.01 35.37 35.73 35.54 (Drop out rates are calculated on the basis of the formula suggested by C.S.O., GOI in Selected Socio-Economic Statistics-India 1998)

~~~~~~~~Source: Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab.~~~~~~~~

At primary level there is a marginal fall in the drop outs as it was 22.77 percent in 1994-95 as compared to 22.17 percent in 1999-2000. But at the middle and high school level, the drop out rate has shown a significant decline from 40.15 percent to 29.85 percent and 54.01 percent to 35.54 percent respectively. The improvement in drop out rates may be attributed to better environment in schools.

~~~~~~~~Number of Colleges~~~~~~~~

8.7 The nurilber of colleges in the State has increased from 264 in 1998 to 265 in 1999. Out of these, 185 colleges are located in urban areas and 80 in rural areas. The category-wise number of colleges in rural and urban areas is given in Table 9.6.

~~~~~~~~Enrolment in Colleges~~~~~~~~

8.8 The enrolment in colleges in the State has increased from 2.43 lakhs in 1998 to 75 2.47 lakhs in 1999. The distribution of total enrohnent in colleges (category-wise) was Arts and Sciîce Cedlês 89.91 percent. Teacher Training Colleges 1.55 percent. Medical Colleges 2.62 percent, Agriculture Colleges 0.52 percent, E iêering Colleges 4.83 percent. Veterinary Colleges 0.22 percent. Physical Education Colleges 0.29 percent and Oriental Colleges 0.06 percent during the year 1999 (Table 9.7).

8.9 The total enrolment of scheduled caste students in the colleges in 1999 was 24307, out of which 12648 were boys and 11659 were giris (Table 9.8). Amongst them 86.87 percent w«e studying in Arts and Science Colleges, 3.05 percent in Teacher Training Institutions, 3.68 percent in Medical Colleges, 0.63 percent in Agriculture and 4.71 perceirt in Engineering Colleges dc.

~~~~~~~~Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Schools~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~8.10 The pupil-teacher ratio at the Primary stage was 41:1, at Middle level 26:1 and atHigh/Senior stage 24:1 in 1999 inPunjab as comparedto 42:1,37:1,35:1 atallln(!tia level respectively.~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Health~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Birth Rate, Death Rate and Infant Mortality Rate~~~~~~~~

8.11 The State Government endeavours to popularize various methods of &mily plaiming to control the birth rate (per thousand) ^\iiich has fallen fiom 22.4 ^)er thousand) in 1993 to 21.5 (per thousand) in 1999. In urban ^eas it slightly increased from 18.5 (per thousand) in 1998 to 18.6 (per thousand) in 1999 and in rural areas declined from 23.7 (per thousand) to 22.5 (per thousand). The death rate has also declined from 6.3 (per thousand) in 1998 to 6.1 (per thousand) in 1999 in urban areas and from 8.2 (per thousand) in 1998 to 7.9 (per thousand) in 1999 in rural areas. The infant mortality rate per thousand live births in Punjab has also decreased. The decrease in urban areas has been from 40.0 per thousand of live birth in 1998 to 39.0 per thousand ofUve birth in 1999. (Table 9.10).

~~~~~~~~Medical Facilities~~~~~~~~

8 .12 Ofthe total 2,229 medic^il institutions in the State (as on 1st April, 2000) were 207 hospitals, 13 hospitals-cum-community health centres, 60 community health centres, 44 community health centres-cum-primaiy health centres, 440primary health centres and 1,465 subsidiary health centres/dispensaries/clinics (Table 9.11). The number of beds 76

increased from 25,307 in 1998-99 to 25,377 in 1999-2000 (Table 9.12). The population served per institution increased from 10,584 in 1998-99 to 10,787 in 1999-2000. On an average one institution served a radius of 2.7 Km. during 1999-2000 (Table 9.13) 4,64,000 indoor and 1,15,65,000 outdoor patients were treated in the year 1999 (Table 9.14).

~~~~~~~~Family Planiiiiig~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~8.13 1,26,061 operations (1,800 vasectomy and 1,24,261 tubectomy) were performed during 1999-2000 as against \ , 13,935*operations performed during the previous year (Table 9.15),~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Expectancy of Life~~~~~~~~

8.14 With the efforts of the State Government in the context of improvement in the standard ofliving, better quality ofavailability ofmedical fecilities, improvement in environment etc., the expectancy of life at birth in the.State as estimated for the period 1996-2001 increased as compared to 1991-96. The expectancy oflife in Punjab in 1996-2001 ofmales is estimated at 68.4 as compared to 66.6 in 1991-96 and 71.4 of females as compared to 66.6 in 1991-96. 9. POVERTY ALLEVIATION

Poverty, in a broad sense, does not only refer to deprivation with reference to a minimum basket of goods and services that are essential for existence, it also includes socially perceived deprivation with respect to individual basic needs like shortfalls in health and education, inadequacy of shelter and deprivation associated with rigidities in social stratification. Poverty alleviation calls for innovative and co-ordinated action at various macro, micro and sectoral levels. Different departments/corporations are constantly making efforts to eradicate poverty and generate income and employment in the State.

9.2 As far as the rural poverty is concerned the Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) was one of the significant programme which aims at ameliorating the economic condition of the rural people living below the poverty line. The District Rural Development Agencies provide financial assistance to yellow card holders in rural areas for setting up their own ventures. As per State Government Survey (1996), there were 12.01 lakh families (having annual income upto Rs. 11,000) living below the poverty line in rural areas of the State.

Laimched on 1st April, 1999, SwaranJayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) replaces the earlier self-employment and allied programmes—^IRDP, TRYSEM, DWCRA, SITRA, GKY, MWS, which are no longer in operation. The objective of SGSY is to provide sustainable income to the rural poor. The programme aims at establishing a large number of micro-enterprises in the rural areas, building upon the potential of the rural poor. It is envisaged that every family assisted under SGSY will be brought above the poverty line inaperiod of three years. It is a centrally sponsored scheme and fimding is shared by the Centre and State Governments in the ratio o f75:25. During the year 1999-2000, assistance of Rs. 327.72 lakhs (Subsidy + loan) was provided to 1694 beneficiaries. In current year an assistance of Rs. 900.82 lakhs (Subsidy+ loan) has been provided to 3273 beneficiaries upto September, 2000. During the year 1999-2000,1046 scheduled caste beneficiaries were provided k»an amounting to Rst 181.88 lakhs and upto September, 2000, an amount of Rs. 497.48 lakhs was given to 1958 scheduled caste beneficiaries.

9.3 In urban areas. Government of India has now replaced the earlier Nehru Rozgar f 11 Yojana with a new scheme Swaran Jayanti Shahari ojana which has three components namely (a) Urban Self Employment Programme (b) Urban Wage Employment Programme and (c) Development of Women and Children in urban areas. Under urban self employment programme, loan and subsidy amounting to Rs. 904.30 lakhs were given to 3120 benefidaries during the year 1999-2000. In current year upto September, 2000 an amount of Rs. 589.78 to 841 beneficiaries Imis been disbursed. During the year 1999-2000,987 scheduled caste beneficiaries were given Rs. 315.80 lakhs and m the current year, upto September, 2000, 288 scheduled caste beneficiaries has been provided amount of Rs. 226.37 lakhs. Under urban wage employment programme 1.62 lakh mandays have been generated with an expenditure of Rs. 482.00 lakhs during the year 1999-2000 and a further 0.66 lakhs mandays have been generated with an expenditure of Rs. 211.00 lakhs upto September, 2000. Under development of Women and Children Scheme in urban areas, Rs. 30.81 lakhs have been disbursed to 90 beneficiaries as loan and subsidy upto September, 2000. Out of total 90 beneficiaries, 45 scheduled caste beneficiaries were given loan and subsidy amounting to Rs. 16.34 lakhs.

9,4 The Punjab Backward Classes Land Development and Finance Corjx)ration (BACKFINCO) and Punjab Scheduled Castes Land Development and Finance Corporation provide loans and subsidy under different schemes. Besides, under the bank tie-up, loans for femilies living below the poverty line, both in rural and urban areas, are also arranged by both Corporations. BACKFINCO provided loans amounting to Rs. 462.89 lakhs to 793 beneficiaries during the year 1999-2000. In the current financial year, upto September, 2000, an amount of Rs. 314.29 lakhs has b e ^ disbursed to 611 beneficiaries. The Punjab Schduled Castes Land Developmoit and Finance Coiporation provided loans amounting to Rs. 1587.47 lakhs to 7706 beneficiaries during the year 1999-2000. In the current financial year, upto September, 2000, an amount of Rs. 532.48 lakhs has been disbursed to 2,328 beneficiaries (Table 10.1). »fgfd' H'q < ^ STATISTICAL TABLES

81 rrer Review of the Economy W Page 1.1 dw was HfW (1993-94) " ..87 Gross State Domestic Product and Net State Domestic Product at Curreat and Constant (1993-94) Prices 1.2 3WW^B^HW^t7Wl{^>HW?rHfw(1993-94)oft>r3T-^ 88 Per Capita Income of Selected States in India at Constant (1993-94) Prices 1.3 f>rad3 ^ ^ ^ 199‘3-94 oftHH*’# 89 Average Annual Compound Growth Rate of Gross State Domestic Product at 1993-94 Prices 1.4 dic/1 f'sUl t/1 d'lH ItldW O c i'tirt t/1 W3" 1993-94 ' ..90 Percentage Distribution of Gross State Domestic Product by Econom ic Activity at 1993-94 Prices 2. Agriculture 2.1 dofy« 92 Gross Area under Crops 2 2 94 Production of Principal Crops 2.3 tfd’fe J tt HlTOTS-ggWMoT 96 Index Numbers of Agricultural Production 2.4 ■ .. 97 Yield of Principal Crops 2.5 98 Principal Inputs in Agriculture 2 .6 o{

2.7 102 Storage Capacity for Foodgrains 3. §35T Energy 3.1 feRKtJWtt'V'l 103 Installed Plant Capacity for Electricity Supply 3.2 qgyreriJ7P;?*'AF5t3WUB^/HhSTy^q^or2':B>>f^lj7U3^crt5^RHW 8jsr I c i ^ nf# d W §dfi’ 105 Annual Plant Load Factor Achieved by Thermal Plants/Hydel Plants/Common Pool Project and Total Energy Generated 3.3 106 Electrical Energy Availability 3.4 § 3 t r ^ » f t ft*o( feof'« !^ W T F » T M ^ 108 Electrical Energy Sold and Average Revenue Realised per Unit 3.5 )for 114 State Comparable Index Numbers of Industrial Production 4.2 116 Industrial Production of Selected Items 4.3 119 Large and Medium Industries 4.4 120 Small Scale Units 4.5 fi^feP)TdiiTdl''d FT'ff 2000-2001 .. 121 New Units Registered and Employment Provided during 2000-2001 83

5. dddl'd Empbyment 5.1 dddl'd 122 Emplojinent in the Organised Sector (Public sector and Private sector) 5.2 3i:Jdl*d ^dlVlH^d 3r^Vjlti^'d^ W) fdl^ciT 123 Number o f Job seekers on the Live Register of Employment Exchanges 6. f^,lfiSar>HtfOTr Finance, Banking and Credit 6.1 d ^ ^•fT7- > rg w 125 State Budget—Receipts on Revenue Account 6.2 gTtrgtT?-MT5-ww^ 128 State Budget— Expenditure on Revenue Account 6.3 d'H ydfi->>f#>H^i^ 141 Yearwise Deposits and Advances-Ratio o f Scheduled Commercial Banks in Punjab 6.11 »

6.12 Htt'?)' tSHcS*'2000-2001—y^'fed tt'did 143 Annual Plan 2000-2001— Approved Outlay ^ 7. sftH3T Price 7.1 Hd'fydl ^tnrtoToftH3^HHW>Jfor 144 Index Numbers of Wholesale Prices of Agricultural Commodites 7.2 145 Consumer Price Index Numbers 7.3 FTH2 0 0 0 1 9 9 9 FHoJ'ytt Hddl

Maximum, Minimum and Average Retail Prices of Essential Commodities and Percentage Charge during 2000 vis-a-vis 1999 7.4 d'H HdoCd tld'fedl HtreHi-MtofrJldld* f 148 Minimum Wages for Agricultural and Skilled Labour fixed by the State Government. 8. HcrisrqjaTOt Public Distribution System 8.1 149 Retail Rates Charged by Fair Price Shops 8.2 OftJd 150 Distribution of Essential Commodities through Fair Price Shops 9. HH’fflei Social Services 9.1 lJtr¥^rAdl^'d,ydd^'d »T3’t^'dl^'d 1981 nf? 1991 151 Population of Punjab Classified by Sex, Area and Castes 1981 and 1991 9.2 IJH'y fAdI«^'d 1981 >h# 1991 152 Literacy rate in Punjab by Sex and Area 1981 and 1991 9.3 ^fdTitdl 153 Number of Schools

~~~~~~~~“ ..154 Average Radius Served Per School (km) by Rural and Urban Areas 9.5 155 Enrolment in Schools 85~~~~~~~~

9.6 oTOH* ^fdl>rg^->Hftp)fnjor>>fmr3' 159 Stage-wise Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Schools 9.10 160 Birth Rate, Death Rate and Infant Mortality Rate 9.11 fHdd AHy^' 161 Number of Medical Institutions 9.12 TnOd ^fdlddl 162 Number of Beds in Medical Institutions

~~~~~~~~9.13 A w , » f t ofldl drel i 63 Population Served Per Institution, Bed and Doctor~~~~~~~~

9.14 PmOcJ Vidld^ 164 Number o f Patients treated in Medical Institutions 9.15 fesrrH«rWH*?ll?S-firto 165 Voluntaiy Sterilisation Operations 9.16 tT^HH'fe3Rrj»fg>r^d »TTr 166 Expectation of Life at Birth by Sex. 10. dld1«(l r

~~~~~~~~1.1—|TfS UTdH UJ^ f dq't?S iraW3->>f#Hfg3^(1993-94)oftH3^# Table 1.1— Gross State Domestic Product and Net State Domestic Product at Current and Constant (1993-94) Prices~~~~~~~~

artH uraw fAd« tPrl Uidtt ^ 3 i r ^ (ddcifyF) ^Hires'(3VF) Year Gross State Net State Per Capita Net Domestic Product Domestic Product State Domestic (Rs. Crores) (Rs. Crores) Product (Rs.) 1993-94 1993-94 1993-94 cftHd'# oftWd* ^ At At At At At At Current 1993-94 Current 1993-94 Current 1993-94 Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices Prices

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1993-94 (R) 30249.86 30249.86 27076.58 27076.58 12714 12714~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1994-95 (R) 34094.77 31069.89 30449.57 27731.36 14030 12778~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1995-96 (R) . 38514.42 32281.96 34274.56 28727.40 15497 12989~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1996-97 (R) 44163.38 34632.87 39322.82 30850.06 17447 13687~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1997-98 (R) 48387.54 35642.63 42865.42 31478.08 18862 13705~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 (P) 5441428 37154.12 47900.15 32787.00 20463 14007~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1999-2000 (Q) 6270023 39704.11 54959.94 35013.57 23040 14687~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~RHfiST :->HUW W B T HUi5~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H»a*1 1.2— fm % gw ^ trN nfe? (1993-94) oftHir % Table 1.2 — Per Capita Income of Selected States in India at Constant (1993-94) Prices~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3»tl/States 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 199^98 1998-99 (R) (R) (R) (R) (R) (P) 0 1 2 3 ■ 4 ■ 5 6~~~~~~~~

1. Andhra Pradesh 1871 1973 2059 2130 — — 2. »TH'K Assam 5715 5737 5760 5793 5919 4942 3. Bihar 3955 4137 3870 4469 4304 4397 4: Delhi 17355 18581 18624 18657 18849 — 5. 3P>T Goa 15602 15655 16180 18320 18122 — 6. Gujarat 9997 11936 12189 13382 13286 13709 7. Haryana 10970 11454 11457 12614 12539 13084 8. t{§sr Himachal Pradesh 7349 7905 7939 8238 8498 8864 9. Jammu & Kashmir 6543 6619 6732 6978 7128 7297 10. Karnataka 8190 8694 9089 9919 10200 11153 11. Kerala 2103 2153 2200 2325 2444 — 12. )?tr Madhya Pradesh 1731 1749 4784 — — . — 13. Maharashtra 12705 12602 13951 14271 14943 16217 14. Orissa 4877 5103 5291 4930 5475 5648 15. Punjab 12714 12778. 12?8^> 13687 13705 14007 16. a m w ft Rajasthan 6200 7254 73^3 8104 8675 — 17. Tamil Nadu 9073 10257 10573' 11320 11897 12287 18. Uttar Pradesh 5287 5510 5518 5794 5808 5890 19. UgvftW B West Bengal 6702 7053 7323 7702 8168 8622

~~~~~~~~All India 7902 8357 8819 9377 9271 9739~~~~~~~~

♦ 1980-81 Prices — not available 89 rrr35^l.3 c'iHujg§Q*dLr^FH'«'*' fWears’^ ^ ^ 1993-94 Table 1.3- Aveage Annual Compound Growth Rate of Gross State Domestic Product at 1993-94 Prices (UHtelf^fTTr) (Per cent per annum)

~~~~~~~~HdCUd e~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1980-81 J 985-86 1992-93 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 to to to 1984-85* 1989-90* 1996-97 (R) (R) (P) (Q)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Primary 5.37 524 2.93 (->4.52 2.54 8.30 (i)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~HH3-) Agriculture 5.44 529 2.88 (-)4.68 2.40 822 (including Live-stock) 2- HoisJd] Secondary 5.04 8.65 7.06 921 731 621 3 . ddHdl Tertiary 5.14 522 5.68 8.44 4.14 5.69~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~A »rgftlb(dT Overall 523 5.98 4.70 2.92 424 6.86 Economy FrTT6-:-»ra¥»r3->Hyd' Hdi6~~~~~~~~

* At 1980-81 prices 90

~~~~~~~~FF3^i.4- didl QdU'tj~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Percent)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~>HTgfeorgi3tfedt Economic Activity 1993- 1994- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 (R) ' (R) (R) (R) (P) (Q) (Q)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

Agriculture and Livestock 45.85 45.43 43.69 43.59 4037 39.66 40.16 (0 Agriculture 33.10 32.42 30.60 30.64 26.83 26.59 2739 (iO ygrq?5- Livestock 12.75 13.01 13.09 12.95 13.54 13.07 12.77 tidiw3 Forestry and Logging 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.11

~~~~~~~~Fishing 0.19 023 024 028 030 036 0.40 yferr ire-RW >H# Mining and Quarrying 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01~~~~~~~~

Sub-Total: Primary 46.19 45.79 44.06 43.98 40.81 40.14 40.68 frJiSar Manufacturing 15.04 15.47 15.86 15.64 15.89 15.69 1522 (0 afiwirasr Registered 10.50 10.63 10.44 1023 10.42 1024 9.93 Oi) did Unregistered 434 4.84 5.42 5.41 5.47 5.45 529

~~~~~~~~Construction AM- 420 4.91 4.18 526 6.02 632 ftHWt, »f# fT« if&XT Electricity, Gas and Water Supply 252 2 i6 . 2.55 2.55 2.58 2.73 2.74~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Sub-Total: Secondary 21.90 2223 2332 2237 23.73 24.44 2428 91~~~~~~~~

~~1.4 — >H’afyo{ dl^ fell! l«d{jQdU'tiA ^HdlHd 4sJ 1993-94 Table 1.4 -—(Concld.)— Percentage Distribution of Gross State Domestic Product by Economic Activity at 1993-94 Prices (MHte) (Percent)~~

~~~~~~~~>H'drtioi didifeui Economic Activity 1993- 1994- 1995- 1996- 1997- 199&- 1999^ 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000 (R) (R) (R) (R) (R) (P) (Q)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~M3”~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Transport, Storage and Communication 332 3.48 3.88 4.13 4.42 4.69 4.90~~~~~~~~

Banking and Insurance 3.18 3.42 3.67 4.67 524 534 530 ^TflHfeoT ufgfi'^ H75oft>H3’» f# ^ 'd o r Real Estate, Ownership of Dwelling and Business services 4.91 4.88 4.80 455 4.50 4.42 422 HH'HA Public Administration 4.05 3.89 3.82 3.93 436 4.79 4.84 So Other Services 434 435 430 4.12 420 420 4.11

~~~~~~~~Sub Total: Tertiary 31.91 31.98 32.62 33.65 35.46 35.42 35.04 Hd : dft d'H O cJV’nsiS' T otahG SD P 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Source:—^Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab. 92 2 fR-gcrgr Table 2.1— Gross Area under Crops~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(000 0orz>Ha-) (000 Hectare) m 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- Item 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 (R) (P) (P) (P) (T)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Rice 2015 2159 2278 2518 2604 2350~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Bajra 12 6 8 5 5 10 M Maize 188 166 165 154 163 185 oJ3oT Wheat 3273 3229 3301 3278 3388 3300~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Barley 37 33 37 32 31 55~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Jowar (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) Hldl'HTT Other Cereals (a) (a) (a) (a)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Cereals 5525 5593 5789 5987 6191 5900~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Gram 60 16 11 13 6 18~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Other Pulses 83 75 72 60 55 82~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Pulses 143 91 83 73 61 100~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Foodgrains 5668 5684 5872 6060 6252 6000 93 2.1-(H>ry3") ^ cforar Table 2.1 — (Concld.) Gross Area under Crops~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(ooouor^»ra-) (000 Hectare)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~\J 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- Item 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 (R) (P) (P) (P) (T)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Groundnut 11 9 8 6 5 10~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Other Oilseeds 93 199 131 154 93 278~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Oilseeds 104 208 139 160 98 288 dlHHd1o((*i American 637 625 626 457 381 (ii) Desi 64 116 98 106 95 od All Other Crops 927 1002 1010 853 913 957~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~ylfriof do(i^’ Gross Area Sown 7501 7808 7871 7739 7847 8025~~~~~~~~

(a) 500dor?W 3'ufe- HTTPS':— (i) s< 'feUo{<;d, t fyd'dsS, UWWI (a) Less than 500 Hectares (ii) si'fudoied, yJly'?#1, iJfr^ i Source :—(i) Director, Land Records, Punjab, (ii) Director, Agriculture, Punjab. 94

~~~~~~~~Table 2.2— Production of Principal Crops~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(00025^) (000 Tonnes)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~w m 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- Item 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 m (P) (P) (P) 0 0~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Rice 6506 7334 7890 7993 8716 7900~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Bajra 13 6 9 4 4 10~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~m Maize 333 * 352 344 352 427 540~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Wheat 12159 13672 12751 14192 15910 14200~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Barley 101 107 111 103 109 170~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Jowar (b) (b) (a) (b) (b) — Od~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Other Cereals (b) (b) (a) (b) (b) — .~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Cereals 19113 21471 21105 22644 25166 22820~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Gram 45 15 10 11 6 20~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Other Pulses 60 60 46 36 35 77~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Pulses 105 75 56 47 41 97~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Foodgrains 19218 21546 21161 22691 25207 22917 95~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 2.2— (Concld.)— Production o f Principal Crops~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(000 ^?^) (000 Tonnes)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- Item 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 (R) (P) (P) (P) (T)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Mdl^l Groundnut 9 9 7 4 5 10 dd ^ ntiT Other Oilseeds 84 268 138 163 99 S’96~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Oilseeds 93 277 145 167 104 406~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Sugarcane (Gur) 601 1022 716 608 676 1140 oTW* Cotton* 1909 1920 936 596 950 1500 (0 >HHdl~~~~~~~~

(i) grfeloR^, # feoTW, VHtet I (ii) y'fe3b{<;d, ysla'dl i Source(i) Director, Land Records, Punjab. (ii) Director, Agriculture, Punjab. * 170 foJSq'KI ♦ 000 bales (of 170 Kg. each) of cleaned cotton. (b) 500M!’.^75-3‘ttfe’l (b) Less than 500 M. Tons. ^ : ^dldA) HVl3‘f3T^9‘ I Note: Production of ground nut is in terms of nuts in shell. 96

~~~~~~~~Table 2.3— Index Numbers of Agriculture Production~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(»fW: 1969-70 jH>rwyF3|jr7F= 100) (Base: Triennium ending 196?-70 -1 0 0 )~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~grav ^'d Group Weight 1980- 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 81 91 97 98 99 2000 (R) (P) (P) (P) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. >HA'H Foodgrains 64.19 1%.74 324.06 362.14 363.67 383.84 423.81~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(i) Cereals 49,94 239.71 410.08 46124 464.30 490.63 542.59~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(iO Pulses 1425 46.17 22.61 14.98 11.01 9.75 7.69 2. Non-Foodgrains 35.81 126.31 171.75 20624 121.99 113.37 138.63~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(0 Oilseeds 5.68 10523 105.10 126.99 7128 75.55 81.36~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(ii) Fibres 16.98 146.09 239.12 239.52 116.05 73.52 11729~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(iii) Misc. 13.15 109.87 113.39 197.49 151.64 181.32 191.04~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~All Commodities 100.00 171.52 269.55 306.33 277.17 287.02 321.72~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~>Hg¥’H#>»?or^'HUr6(S,Utr¥l Source:—Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab. 97~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2 Table 2.4— Yield o f Principl Crops~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Kgs. per Hectare)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~®FW Crop 1990-91 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999- 2000 (R) (R) (R) (P)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~orasr Wheat 3715 4234 3853 4332 46%~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Rice 3229 3397 3465 3152 3347 M Maize 1786 2118 2091 2286 2577~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Barley 2754 3254 3002 3226 3521~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Gram 744 915 824 788 974~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Bajra 1107 907 1036 1087 703~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Sugarcane (Gur) 5941 5905 5678 5952 6265 >HHd1o(rt ofinr Cotton (American) 481 467 213 179 337~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Cotton (Desi) 285 300 266 185 352~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Rapeseed and Mustard 1003 1256 872 938 1117 ware?# Groundnut 816 1024 1041 774 969 TOflwl’ Sunflower 1531 1636 1441 1378 1367~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~yJly'dl, UfP¥ I Source:—Director, Agriculture, Punjab. 98~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2 .5 - y W 3- Table 2.5— Principal Inputs in Agriculture~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~feoT^ Item Unit 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 91 97 98 99 2000 (R) (P) (P) (P) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. Irrigation (i) «irH*>Tdo(«» OOODoJ^W Gross Area Sown OOOHect. 7501 7808 m n 7739 7847~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(iO #fyfttfrP»Tdor«' Gross Area Irrigated 7055 7453 7561 7442 7544 (ii) ^ 0 ) 7 ^~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Ratio o f (ii) to (i) Percent 94.1 95.5 96.1 962 %.l~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(in) fet?THtfrp»rdo(y' 0 0 0 5 oJ$>H3' Net Area Sown OOOHect. 4218 4223 4266 42^ 4239-~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(iv) feSwfjffiFP)TdolH' Net Area Irrigated 3909 4022 4021 4019 3997- (iv) €»’(iii) K m >H5ir3‘ Ratioof(iv)to(iii) Percent 92.7 952 943 -93:9-~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2. Consumpti~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total NPK 000 Nutrient 1220 1208 1314 1375 1447 tonnes~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~N 877 962 1005 1081 1086 ifl- P 328 229 287 275 335~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~K 15 17 22 19 26 99 2 Table 2.5— (Contd.)—Principal Inputs in Agriculture~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H? f«o('y1 Item Unit 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 91 97 98 99 2000 (R) (P) (P) (P) 0 1 a 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(ii) i ( ^ fowai'K Per Hect. o f Gross Kgs. 163 155 167 178 184 area sown NPK~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~„ N 117 123 128 140 138 vft p 44 29 36 36 43~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~K 2 2 3 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3. 0 0 0 ^ Pesticides Consumption 000 tonnes 6.10 120 7.15 6.71 (R) 6.97~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~4. 3of^ ?5Ty>»f5W Ratio o f area sown; of high yielding varieties to Total gross area sown under these crops clSdr i p t e Wheat Percent 100 100 100 100 100~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Rice Percent 94 96 94 100 M Maize Percent 89 89 93 90 90 5Tt1d» Bajra Percent 100 43 38 60 60~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~OOoDdl^nfff Alkaline/Saline are>a 000 Hect. 26 20 16 17(R) 10 reclaimed (Additiomal) 100~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2 IjW Table 2.5— (Concld.)—Principal Inputs in Agriculture~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~fedJT^ I t^ Unit 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 91 97 98 99 2000 (R) (P) (P) (P) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~6. yy'd >>fdte" Bore’" oood of^ w Soil conservation coverage OOOHect. 15 16 13 11 8 o f agricultural land (Additional)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(ii) fg^oreg, # fdof igg , lltT ^ I (iii) Source:—(i) Director, Agriculture, Punjab. (ii) Director, Land^ecords, Punjab. (iii) Chief Conservator of Soils, Punjab. 101~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2 . 6 —« tid l o«tot ti' <»ldlti'rt Table 2.6— Contribution of Wheat and Rice to Central Pool~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~oJdof Wheat Rice oc'tJdl a«'d «t!dl asj'd~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~fdH' fUJT Year Total Contri Percentage Total Contri Percentage bution (Lakh share to the bution (Lakh share to the tonnes) Central Pool tonnes) Central Pool~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4~~~~~~~~

1990-91 (R) 67.4 60.9' 482 41.0 1992-93 (R) 44.9 50.6 49.1 42.0 1993-94 65.0 50.6 54.9 402 1994-95 (R) 72.8 61.4 583 43.8 1995^ 73.0 592 34.6 34.8 1996-97 (R) 563 68.8 422 3^.4 1997-98 (R) 59.6 64.1 60.4 199»^(R ) 61.5 48.6 43.8

~~~~~~~~1999-2000(P) 783 55.4 67.9 421 •~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~:-yfe|y~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'ddl 2.7— Table 2.7— Storage Capacity for Foodgrains~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Lakh tonnes)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3 1 -3 -2 0 0 0 ^ As on 31-3-2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Agency Total y^Open (31-3-99) Owned # Total Owned §■ Total Grand Hired Hired Total~~~~~~~~

~~~~0 1 proraudEn7 >>p^f9^h>r Food Corporation o f India 73.02 21.77 36.71 58.48 4.76 16.86 21.62 80.10 oPBj^as" Punjab State Warehousing CoipoMlii^: 32.51 15.04 4.48 19.52 1.38 9.72 11.10 30.62~~~~

Cent CorporaHi^ 6.41 4.88 1.90 6.78 0.02 0.02 6.80 liSHif ’ Punsup 2434 134 1.01 235 026 19.83 20.09 22.44 H'dddsI Markfed 35.98 14.61 1.78 1639 2.01 17.75 19.76 36.15 Hdol'd State Government 1127 231 1.04 335 1.02 10.00 11.02 14.37

Punjab Mandi Board 034 0.54 034 — — 034 *»)diid (esHeold oPHiraHS' Punjab Agro-Industries Corporation 8.12 — 030 030 — 721 721 731 iff Total 192.19 60.49 4722 107.71 9.43 8139 90.82 19833 HHIS- :-sJ

~~~~~~~~Table 3.1— Installed Plant Capacity for Electricity Supply~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Plant 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R.E.) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. o'yisd Hydro fcj“JoginderNagar ^ ^ jft. (H^-1 »tt U) UBDC (Stage-I & II) 60 91 91 91 91 91 91 ^din diiAocii* Bhakra Nangal CcMnplex* 689 689 702 717 731 731 747~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Debar Power Plant* 475 475 475 475 475 475 475~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Pong Power Plant* 90 90 90 91 91 91~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Anandpur Sahib Hydel Project 134 134 134 134 134 134 134~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Mukerian Hydel ftoject 207 207 207 207 207 207 207 M‘Sly3 HdrtH*" Micro Hydel Schemes 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 detfl<5 H'did Ranjit Sagar Dam Project 453~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total 1769 1800 1813 1829 1843 1843 2315 104~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 3.1 (concld)—Installed Plant Capacity for Electricity Supply~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Megawatt)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Plant 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 % 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R£.) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 n Steam did~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Guru Nanak Dev Thermal Plant, Bathinda m 440 440 440 440 440 440~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3U3’ GuruGobindSin^ TTiermal Plant, Ropar 840 1260 1260 1260 1260 1260 1260 ;gT fe^soF, tW Rice Straw, Jalkheri __ 10 10 10 10 10 10 did viddiftlti y~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Guni Hargobind Thermal Plant Lehara Muhabat 210 420 420 420~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total 1280 1710 1710 1920 2130 2130 2130~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~fsr^dnftll) Grand Total (I & II) 3049 3510 3523 3749 3973 3973 4445~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~M'Urt • d’li~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H»de1 3^— H'tt'cS' rtst ^C<<;d»f3'~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 3.2— Annual Plant Load Factor Achieved by Thermal Plants/Hydel Plants/Common Pool Project and Total Energy Generated~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~FFff d'aloJH PSEB share in Com Year Thermal Hydel mon Pool Project~~~~~~~~

^ H ires’ ^o{<;d 5o{dd (fk.fer. dk.fe-. (Hc/lHd) (fk.fe-. «??) Total Plant Total Plant Total Plant Energy Load Energy Load Energy Load Genera Factor Genera Factor Genera Factor ted (Per ted (Per ted (Per (MKWH) cent) (MKWH) cent) (MKWH) cent)

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990-91 5939 52.% 2612 57.84 4933 44.90 1993-94 8854 59.10 2549 5325 3980 3622~~~~~~~~

1994-95 8439 56.67 3069 64.11 4555 41.46 1995-96 8232 55.13 3138 65.37 4425 40.16 1996-97 9778 65.66 3026 6321 4595 41.40 1997-98 10274 68.99 2725 56.93 4087 36.41 1998-99 10914 68.51 3505 — 5443 —'

~~~~~~~~1999-2000(P) 13831 7427 3220 — 4525 — 2000-2001 (RE.) 13850 74.58 3594 — 3868 — M'y* yd'y d'lH fytittl I Source:—Punjab State Electricity Board. 106~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'dil 3.3—furtrtl t/1 QUttyild' Table 3.3— Electrical Energy Availability (fwwl>>rS‘ r~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'UA Source 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R.E.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1 jrylsft Hydro rtdid Shanan Power House, 573 552 507 600 637 506 510 JoginderNagar~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~UBDCStage-I&II 201 269 274 207 256 319 340~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Bhaicra Nangal Complex* 2986 2569 2814 2164 3151 2739 2143 eOd U'^3 Debar Power Plant* 1547 1429 1432 1525 1630 1315 1386~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Pong Power Plant* 400 427 349 398 528 ' 471 339~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Anandpur Sahib Hydel Project 660 963 960 579 1074 , 837 910~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Mukerian Hydel Project 1168 1345 1275 1332 1528 1547 1360~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Hiytaij ipytsft hot!m^ Micro Hydel Schemes 10 9 10 7 10 11 10 derfld H^dld Ranjit Sagar Dam 46A~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~dIHl QcJtl' Less Auxiliary (-)5 (-)6 (-)5 (-)6 (-)6 (-)6 (.)6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total 7540 7557 7616 6806 8808 7739 7456 107~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 3.3— (ConcId.)Electrical Energy Availability (fHshKS-fars^w) (Million KWH)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Source 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R.E.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~II. Steam did (S’rtof ti~~~~~~~~

G.H.T.P. 554 2704 2730 W feWoF, Rice Straw, Jalkheri 1^?# Total 5426 7534 8978 9424 9989 12641 12691 ni. Power Purchased IdTfHOs Baira Siul 317 361 233 328 328 183 315 fHdldttI Singrauli 1070 1371 1325 1368 1435 1521 1422 HW 'tt Salal Hydel Electric Project 690 659 720 786 820 845 781 33- Others 438 2581 2806 4165 3713 3459 4468

~~~~~~~~Total 2515 4972 5084 6647 6296 6008 6986 ?«H5J Grand Total 15481 20063 21678 22877 25093 26388 27133~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'yrt t d'H tjdef I ♦Punjab’s share Source:—Punjab State Electricity Board. 108~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3.4-f3tT- ^ >H# fy o{ ^ »th^ Table — ^Electrical Energy Sold and Average Revenue Realised per Unit~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Category o f consumer 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R£.) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Energy Sold~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(As percentage of total sales) UJd^J Domestic 12.14 16.84 17.41 17.91 17.12 17.45 1820~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~CaraiMTcial 3.93 3.54 3.69 3.82 3.74 3.87 4.03 irafiRoTfiretf^~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Public Lighting 0.18 024 1 025 028 026 028 029~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Irrigation and Dewatering 40.63 35.75 35.73 32.17 35.86 37.70 36.63~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Industry 33.79 39.68 38.68 3833 3421 35.53' 37.05~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Common Pool 0.74 0.64 034 0.45 H?5or HUK^AiifUS' HlR5^ Bulk Supply/Grid Supply 4.00 1.90 1.65 1.68 1.67 1.67 1.74~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Outside the State 533 2.05 2 i9 5.07 6.50 3.16 1.61~~~~~~~~

tisJ Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 109 HTg^34-(HHW)-fgtT^f%or^>H?feo< feo<'«]§^>HH3~np>re^ Table 3.4— (Concld.)— Electrical Energy Sold and Average Revenue Realised per Unit

~~~~~~~~Category of consumer 1990- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 9! 96 97 98 99 2000 2001 (P) (R.E.) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

II i{^feon^»r>rers'(OH)* Average Revenue Per Unit (Paise)*

Domestic 74.51 136.40 135.03 148.50 178.64 192.85 211.46 fe^irgoT CcHnmercial 106.50 226.56 250.60 276.33 320.01 347.39 368.56 yyftto( tt'ylfSdi Public Lighting 105.14 192.05 27023 30924 336.85 357.17 378.34 rH'»f3-sn^'<;fddl Irrigation and Dewatering 7.50 38.53 28.46 (F.S.) (F.S.) (F.S.) (f ’s .) Qecrar Industry 78.66 184.83 212.03 72323 248.61 259.66 281.56 H'5#' US- Common Pool

~~~~~~~~Bulk Supply/Grid Supply 67.75 178.59 220.99 B6.87 284.40 303.09 322.76 d'H 3^ y'dd Outside the State 7025 99.73 155.79 19720 205.41 210.00 225.00~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Average 49.90 124.89 136.07 147.79 156.81 16224 17729~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3.5 fijHttl ft‘rt Table 3.5— Tubewells Energised~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(fer^) (Number) FT^ H'tt ti y riy Year During the year Year end total~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990-91 44193 600982 1991-92 20582 621564~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1992-93 35625 657189 1993-94 300% 687285~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1994-95 16206 703491 1995-% 24049 727540 ^ 9 ^ 9 7 r 16475 744015 1997-98 7165 751180~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1W 99 8469 759649~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1999-2000(P) 11484 771133~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~M'Mrt 3TT ftiHttl I Source:—Punjab State Electricity Board. I l l~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 3.6—Consumption o f Petroleum Products~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(foJtt ttVd) (Kilo litres)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Product 1990-91 1995-% 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999- 2000 (P)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0^d« Petrol 299755 442479 466321 353256 492059 561421 HUte" sJTtUtt High Speed Diesel 1435408 2104549 2274487 ???4487 7774613 2737375~~~~~~~~

Kerosene Oil 413400 435110 382954 357654 424425 450666 w'kslc cflidtt Light Diesel Oil 24061 39905 27475 25254 41299 47814 sdAlH •dtt Furnace Oil ' 737092 634743 400438 889864 288289 979491 ift tft oT^c?HH #f^qg>r0^gg^ i Source:— Indian Oil Corporation, Bharat Petroleum, Hindustan Petroleum and Indo-Burma Petroleum. 112

~~~~~~~~3.7—ttdl'9 dl« W ? Table 3.7— Installation of Gobar Gas Plants~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(faiidl) (Number)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'tt Year Target Achievements~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990-91 2200 2334 1993-94 2000 2283~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1994-95 2500 2607 1995-% 3000 2949~~~~~~~~

1996-97 3000 2732 1997-98 4000 3660 1998-99 4500 3818 1999-2000 3000 2638 2000-2001 3000 644*

*3dH3W,2000^ *Upto 30th September, 2000 Source:—Director, Agriculture, Punjab. 113

~~~~~~~~3.8— Httd «dHW (31 H'd€ 3b{ ) Table 3.8— Solar Thermal Systems Installed (upto 31 st March)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(ldl~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'tt Uldtt Httd r<;Vid Hfld ^'~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990-91 243 304 4 1991-92 334 367 4 1992-93 382 385 4~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1993-94 435 509 4 1994-95 476 522 4~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1995-% 525 561 4~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1996-97 614 631 4~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1997-98 628 729 7(R) 1998-99 675 776 7(R)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1999-2000 699 812 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~Source:—^Punjab Energy Development Agency. 114 H'del 4.1-^?nT^driA*drHor0t:jyrdlo( QdlT^^HW^HoT Table 4,. 1-S- State Comparable Index Numbers of IndustriaLproduction (»fW : 1993-94=100) (Base~~~~

~~~~~~~~Otiiri(dlo< dldU" ^>d ^qr/mi<;i Industry Group Weight 1994- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- Percentage 95 96 97 98 99 change over previous year~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~' 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~H^Ot >Hor General Index 1000.00 10725 117.57 12231 127.46 129.17 134 Tydttl Electricity 60i9 10523 103^3 113,07 109.67 11126 1.45 trfed Mining 0.10 25.00 25.00 25.00 50.00 62.50 25.00 r~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Food Products 205.47 98.62 110.10 121.90 125.19 136.44 8.99~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Uti'dtl Beverages and 14.71 100.70 103.72 113.14 116.92 108.41 0 7 2 8 Tobacco Products~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Cotton Textiles 63.03 108.82 104.55 95.01 82.92 78.54 (-)528 Q*l,fHWor^~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Wool, Silk and Synthetic 73.11 95.87 107.30 115.59 124.47 112.07 (-)9.96 Fibre Textiles~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~HH3T yWoT~~~~~~~~

Textile Products Including 43.97 119.14 122.05 134.46 140.15 15736 1228 wearing Apparel other than Foot wear orgit^d 61'dmd uti'dy Paper and Paper Products 1830 10630 133.32 14024 175.44 17322 (-)I27 115

~~~~~~~~Table 4.1— (Concld.) State Comparable Index Numbers of Industrial production (’WF : 1993-94=100) (Base~~~~~~~~

H'W % Ho<'y» UcTlHd Qt;t»i(dlo( dldU" si'd Industry Group Weight 1994- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- Percentage 95 96 97 98 99 change over previous year dH' dH'f«H3-of75-3 Chemical & Chemical 92.16 105.15 103.83 97.20 125.11 117.40 (-)6.16 Products Except Products of Petroleum & Coal

~~~~~~~~Rubber and Plastic 36.73 99.79 101.64 110.08 125.62 150.53 19.83 Products HttU'd O^Mdl Basic Metal and Alloys 125.79 110.71 12921 133.97 129.90 125.89 (-)3.09 Industries Uf~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Metal Products and Parts 39.01 121.45 14622 150.81 163.44 16320 (-)0.I5 Except Machinery and Transport equipment~~~~~~~~

F H>TS‘3* Machinery & equipments 99.37 108.92 126.80 145.33 142.51 14633 2.68 other tfian Transport equipment ^ HH'A d fdH Transport equipment 116.71 110.11 118.42 11832 128.05 12681 (-)0.97 and parts Od QtiMdl Other Industries 10.95 217.69 294.67 167.62 155.41 152.91 (-)1.61 HnfiS->H99'>H^>HorwrRUI5

~~~~~~~~Table 4.2— Industrial Production of Selected Items~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Item Unit 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 (000) (P) 0 1~~~~~~~~

1. t# f3 - 33- Baby Food Tonne 35 35 36 35 36 39 2. 377 Desi Ghee Tonne 12 14 23 28 27 30 3. Z7> Milk Powder Tonne 24 24 31 32 38 39 4. Milk (all kinds) Litre 121 157 193 214 237 249 5. Instant coffee Kg. 2913 3890 3711 4120 3048 3194 6. ^F^(H^feHK) 377 Rice (all kinds) Tonne 1769 1684 1786 1990 1975 2043 7. ftWgfg 33- Biscuits Tonne 19 18 20 30 42 50 8. >?3- 375- Sugar Tonne 283 297 314 436 392 457 9. ^75Hl|#ufl- 377 Vanaspati Ghee Tonne 137 128 134 134 154 163 10. MOHy«5'd'Wld' CA Mustard/Rape Tonne 55 55 64 68 85 102 Seed Oil 11. 377 Cattle Feed Tonne 147 159 146 146 139 149 12. >TO3arf3- 377 Malted Food Tonne 19 23 43 38 41 34 13. Country Wine Litre 17657 20067 21091 21838 21242 20035 14. >HaiI§tft' Indian Made Litre 16257 16097 16137 18460 18596 16601 Foreign Liquor 15. J t e Beer Litre 15365 14539 13327 14336 15344 18457 16. 3ft753->H3- OHsJ cTUM Z7> Ginned & Pressed Tonne 166 162 161 123 93 89 Kapas 117 OdU'tiA . Table 4.2—(Contd.)— Industrial Production of Selected Items

~~~~~~~~y fee Item Unit 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 (000) (?) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

17. tru F Cotton yam Kg. 107718 120343 112642 112300 111166 94502 18. 3raK U'dl' fsC3]^. Wollen Yam Kg. 7191 7294 7460 9805 13286 11305 19. Hv/1 oni3^ H>?-d ■Cotton cloth Metre 24258 20553 21077 24675 23727 21653 20. arraKUtT# Woollen Hosiery Nos. 8116 7997 7974 7248 8434 9762 21. Urea ‘N’ content Tonne 863 906 904 732 973 892 22.

Cl. Ammonium Tonne 270 210 190 131 176 222 Nitrate content 23. h'ffcatt/focJW' ft Cycle/Rickshaw Nos. 83406 85392 86633 93652 102942 104610 Tyres 24. H*y]o(rt fc^y Cycle Tubes Nos. 79849 73653 78095 88844 100962 106020 25. H3h>F #S# Z 7 i Bars & Rods Tonne 658 711 759 815 836 856 26. r«?>-drr- feH>F) Ingot (all kinds) Tonne 454 602 487 618 638 541 27. floTHAH 375- Angle channel 329 346 346(R) 346(R) 118 89 and sections Tonne 28. 375- Billets & Slabs Tonne 100 49 206 172 173 215 29. 3i4K 375- Joist & Rolls Tonne 91 98 105 113 116 66 30. >K§‘fef^3TR' 375- C.I. Pipe and Tonne 22 29 37 47 55 55 Fittings 118

~~~~~~~~H'dil 4:2—(HMnra^)— QdirotS" Table 4.2— (Concld.)— Industrial Production of Selected Items~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Item Unit 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 (000) (P) 0 1 1 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~31. Z7> Bolts & Nuts Tonne 23 25 26 22 27(R) 27(R) 32. ^df^dl 275- Forgings Tonne 23 33 45 41 41(R) 42 33. ya Complete Tractors Nos. 24 24 27 34 41 48 34.~~~~~~~~

Cable (all kinds) Km. 12 15 14 13 12 12(R) 35. (§3fte) 7>: TV. Set (colour) Nos. 29 30 33 33 26 27 36. r<;Qy (§3rh7) 77: Picture tubes Nos. 545 617 829 991 695 520 (colour) y j . 7>: Chasts for Nos. 3 4 5 4 3 3 Matador 38. HU3- 77: Mopeds Nos. 31 37 32 36 34 32 39. 77: Cycle (all kinds) Nos. 4349 4680 4739 4951 5034 5814 40. Jroterwd375H Cycle Handles Nos. 16266 17325 16985 17306 17842 17853 41. 7>: Foot Balls Nos. 11299 24597 33295 18939 17560 17277

~~~~~~~~FRTS-:-»ra¥»ltHdl6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~753 : M'te'rt* QtiCifdlof H'rt 1 9 9 3 -9 4 V|[sfo(fciA ^ < J ' >HS>l'rA^ o flc < '~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Note Production data has been estimated by taking the production data based on Annual Survey of Industries with base 1993-94. 119~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~4 QtiMdl Table 4.3—^Large and Medium Industries~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~gfe? Item Unit 1990-91 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999- 2000 (R) (P) 0 1 2 9 4 5 6 7 8~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~^o(dA~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Working Units No. 373 476 526 586 620 604 626~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~dddfUF Fixed Rs. Crones 4003 6929 8744 9745 11721 12300 12800 Investment~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~^dl'd f312# Employment No. 187311 199340 210448 219383 221154 228000 238000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~9aU'ti~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~:-8»'ftjcl6|yd,6t'Mdl, | Source:—Director, Industries, Punjab.~~~~~~~~

-JTO- 1 9 9 8 -9 9 5iT?r ^ ^ t @t!Wdl* W ^ U|^3T W 5 7 0 > ^ / Hd'fec< R^UR<7>Hi-HEhS^A¥Cft"U3'^fe#¥’^>ibf-^M^60.00 >Hi'75.00 1998 300^3»jt^tr^9’l Note :— Number of Large and Medium units have been decreased in 1998-99 as the limit of investment in Plant and Machineiy both SSI/ancillary unit increased to Rs. 300.00 lacs in December, 1998 from 60.00 lacs and 75.00 lacs respectively. 120 4.4-ez Omt^ F Table 4.4—Small Scale Units He- Item Unit 1990-91 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999- 2000 (R) (P) 0 , 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 / / ^ o j d s : ^ ' '>!

~~~~~~~~Working Units No. 160368 188187 191025 193332 195383 197344 199035~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~ojdrfguF Fixed Rs. Crores 1349 1981 2216 2491 2860 3361 3750 Investment~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Wdl'3 feigr# Employment No. 668845 777070 802329 821170 840568 864592 879788 fgU'tiA dBrfgut Production Rs. Crores 4050 8738 9714 11106 13058 14444 17750~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~:-8<'fe5o(<;d,9^£^dl, I Source:—Director, Industries, Punjab. 121~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'drdiddl'd H'75’2000-2001 Table 4.5—New Units Registered and Employment Provided during 2000-2001~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(>Horaw,2000^) (upto October, 2000)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~dfVlM^d 09 f^3* rdf»Tdi:ldrd gfe^(syd) Category of Unit New Units Employment Registered Provided (No.) (No. of persons)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~^ W d Small Scale Units 1116 9648 ^ >H# WI 0>T^ ^ >Hti' d Large and Medium Units 11 416 rtdl'9 9^M3I Units Set up in Backward Areas~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Small Scale Units 105 853 »f# HU OvTA ^ >HtJ'dr Large and Medium Units~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~JTtnS' I Source:—^Director, Industries, Punjab. 122~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~HTg^5.i-A3Tf6dyH?(vraf^^>Htf^¥3^)F4'y diddl'd Table 5.1— Employment in the Organised Sector (Public Sector and Private Sector)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~As on 31 St March~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Sector 1990 19% 1997 1998 1999 2000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~I uyfttbj Public Sector 566197 603209 592579 599088 602553 589786~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(i) Hdei*d Central Government 69819 83862 80823 79880 80483 793%~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(n) 3’tTH3oPcT State Government 289787 298202 298597 307146 310654 304198 (iiO <~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Grand Total 786434 853760 846003 847111 853776 845782~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~:-oJ , Utraro, utra’ i Source:—Director, Employment, Punjab.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~HR-^ Note:— The information is based on the data supplied by the employers under the Employment Maricet Information Programme and may not tally with the actual employment data. 123~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~5.2 dtldl'd dftHHcJd ^Pdiec/l Table 5.2—^Number of Job {eekers on the Live Register o f Employment Exchanges~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~31 ^ Category As on 31 st March~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 dd upto 30.9.2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~I. u f fe v Educated 335456 325879 365483 373094 372970 396414 393768 ((I) doJAloH Technical 86959 86410 99797 97717 95541 94119 92971~~~~~~~~

Graduate Engineers 437 1052 1000 931 966 1020 736 feu^fFtfe>Hd Diploma Engineers 5189 7213 7124 7205 6623 6532 7057 ^€Hfdlol ^ tJd 5^'d' frrftPMH' «Hdo(ia I.T.I. Trained 28147 33516 35006 35665 35575 34936 34515 craftsmen 5H3oPF Other Craftsmen 5957 1873 1980 3332 2872 2734 2774 9'oi^d Allopathic Doctors 27 60 75 106 134 126 72 UB" 5>'0(dcJ Other Doctors 275 481 409 394 380 387 249 sh f 9'o«id1 f%>Hor^ Para Medical Personnel 3887 4452 5159 5291 5114 5413 5451 H'ira Agricultural 643 640 604 653 546 460 214 Specialists

~~~~~~~~Veterinary Graduates 4 10 23 31 27 18 19~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Dairy Graduates — 3 5 1 6 5 2 124~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'ddi 5 dddl'd rd^dd' dffW^id ^Pdlctdl Table 5.2—(Concld.)—Number of Job seekers on the Live Register of Employment Exchanges~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~31 ^ Hftial Category As on 31st March~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1990 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 ^ upto 30.9.2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 »fftPHnra- (^.W.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Teachers (B.Ed. and M.Ed.) 23425 27173 37038 34726 36655 34459 33817~~~~~~~~

Teachers (J.B.T.) 3083 878 1239 1072 1480 1550 1697 >»fftp>ru3r (9f) Teachers (Others) 15885 9059 10135 8310 5163 6479 6368 (ii) Non-Technical (Freshers) 248497 239469 265686 275377 277429 302295 300797

~~~~~~~~Graduates 35934 29984 31285 30239 28600' 27021 27957 OlT? ally#? Post-Graduates 10581 8305 7882 7832 6910 6990 6004~~~~~~~~

dlldddc Matriculates and under-Graduates 201982 201180 226519 237306 241919 268284 266836 II. 5 ^ All Others 286806 222048 187486 203563 193939 141977 142756 dft^HCd (I+ 11) Total Live Register (I + II) 622262 547927 552969 576657 566909 538391 536524

~~~~~~~~Hnj<7 ;-sJ'f«do(~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'd^l 6.1-3TtT9rl^-H»W^l{'Udl»r Table 6.1—State Budget—Receipts on Revenue Account (oJddiUF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 H'UA (W) im ) W~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~I. Hdot'd Share of Central Taxes (i + ii) 587.16 671.11 671.11 (i) ora' Income Tax 211.82 253.85 253.85 (ii) ^ tidl QdU'tdrt o~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(§■) f^ o ja~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(a) Direct Taxes 2.90 125 2.75 (1) Land Revenue 2.90 125 2.75~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(M) >HfMQ ora~~~~~~~~

(b) Indirect Taxes (1 to 9) 3259.91 4201.40 5347.70 (1) d'H QdtPBS’ora State Excise Duty 120427 1300.80 1385.80 (2) f^ôra Sales Tax 1489.66 2100.00 3000.00 (0 iitrdir^bfôra Central Sales Tax 259.72 35135 48439 (ii) nôJdl ora General Sales Tax 1076.56 1748.65 2515.61 (iiO Hcd Mrirazr>)f# tty«n5'cH d feofdl bj

~~~~~~~~HT-d~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 H'UtS (W ) (W) Source (A) (HE.) (B£.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

(3) HTHIT Stamps 234.68 322.79 415.01 (4) dfflH<;dH?> Registration Fee 23.44 2721 34.99 (5) df3l»l' Tax on Vehicles 266.72 305.00 350.00 (6) Tax on Goods and Passengers — —— (7) r*m«1 o(d Electricity Duty 31.90 136.00 152.30 (8) HrtdHrt o(d Entertainment Tax 4.75 9.60 9.60 (9) Od o(d Other Taxes and Duties 4.49 — — m. Non-Tax Revenue (1 to 6) 150735 2540.84 3655.99 (1) Interest Receipts 104.86 617.02 62033 (2) w a'H Dividends and Profits 1.49 9.14 2.78 (3) General Services 106928 155321 2533.34 (4) Social Services 51.03 72.39 78.65 (5) >H'dryoJ Economic Services 280.69 289.08 420.89 (6) Other Fiscal Services — — — 127

~~~~~~~~6.1 -(nwnjir-)-3TiT HtT?->ro- ^ i{njHt»r- Table 6.1— (Concld.)— State Budget— Receipts on Revenue Account (ortg-guF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 H'UA (W)(W) (W) Source (A) (R.E.) (BE.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~IV cit'd Grants from the Centre (1 to 4) 398.65 %7.% 907.63^^ (1) (S'A-uS a dld'^H Non-Plan Grants 91.70 264.64 246.15 (2) d'HMfl<^Hb{TKtt«l For State Plan Schemes 139.13 216.41 170^2 (3) c~~~~

~~~~~~~~Hnj~~~~~~~~

* Vi# W U(T ♦ Includes Receipt Head (Capital Account) 128

~~~~~~~~6 .2-UTtT Table 6.2— State Budget— Expenditure on Revenue Account~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Cnores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 foiyiK (W) ( ^ ) (yHd) Type of Expenditure (A) (R.E.) (BE.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

1. General Services (1 to 5) 4391.36 5494.64 7090.98 1 iTtT^nfgr Organs of State 95.93 12125 11021 2 H'Wl H ^'^' Fiscal Services 155.51 152.19 152.59 3 >H3 f e Interest Payment and Servicing 2316.80 2474.71 293121 of Debt 4 Administrative Services 1095.98 1184.53 131935 5 Oota »f^ H Pension and Miscellaneous 727.14 1561.96 2577.62 General Services n. HMTflorn^^ Social Services (1 to 8) 2639.54 3487.31 3541.58 1 ftrfw, ^ fe, orar 3 Education, Sports, Art and Culture 1715.97 2064.59 2154.63 2 PHdd Health and Family Welfare 516.09 697.08 761.62 3 tW Hofrs

~~~~~~~~Water Supply, Sanitation, Housing 14422 2%.60 305.59 and Urban Development 4 Information and Broadcasting 1223 12.73 13.78 5 ^Hr^dci~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Welfare of Scheduled Castes, 48.44 1652 81.76 Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes. 129~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Hi'dil 6.2- ydtj' Table 6.2 -(Concld.)—State Budget—Expenditure on Revenue Account (o(drf3lJF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 ( ^ ) (W) (yH<;) Type of Expenditure (A) (RE.) (B.E.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

6 ro(ddt # fofdd Labour and Labour Welfare 61.10 54.69 6121 7 HH^Vl 9 iJHf>rgftror^^^ Economic Services (1 to 9) 1280.11 2416.35 2438.60 1 w yrawF H3uraMt»r Agriculture and Allied Activities 34721 46123 539.68 2 ft'O'dl fecji'H Rural Development 54.46 177.96 159.% 3 ir^drd»K Special Area Programme 8.46 1125 19.98 4 Irrigation and Flood Control 290.11 356.40 32923 5 HcTc/1 Energy .0.85 510.00 510.00 6 Industry and Minerals 38.02 49.11 54.72 7 ^Jd'HUd? Transport 417.40 450.73 459.59 8 Science, Technology and Environment 0.% 5.85 6.19 9 >)TH >>PHfeor General Economic Services 122.64 393.82 359.25 iv: dld*<;' Grants-in-Aid and Contributions 73.30 88.61 0.40 dft H'«i #■ Total Expenditure on Revenue 8384.31 11486.91 13071.56 Account (I to IV)

~~~~~~~~HTO- I Source:—Punjab Budget Documents. 130 6. 3 - ^ Table 6.3—State Budget— Receipts on Capital Account~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 (W) im ) (W) Head (A) (RE.) (B.E.) 0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~I H'dfolc! o~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 6.3— (Concld.)State Budget— Receipts on Capital Account (ora^guF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~\j 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 m (OT) (W) (yH~~~~~~~~

IX »f# ' (fis5w) Deposits and Advances (net) 182.46 (-)0.43 (-)0.43 X Suspense and Miscellaneous (net) 32.16 —— XI gf>r5H>M9 y^ywy (fAdtt) Remittances and Inter State Settlement (net) 26.56 4\.24 4124 XII »ffe^esr(f

~~~~~~~~Ways and Means of Advances from R.B.I. (net) 904.85 300.00 —~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total Receipts on Capital Account (I to XIII) 4012.19 4020.42 3820.05~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~wn?; ;-UtTOgfi<; i Source:—Punjab Budget Documents.~~~~~~~~

*cFtT^yd'*d15 <; %W * State Provident Funds and General Insurance Fund * Hgong" ^ g^fnr #g3t yr ^ ^ ** Excluding Small Saving Loans from the Centre

***RBI; NABARD; LIC; GIC; ANDNCDC. 132

~~~~~~~~Hw T 6.4- — ytHC—^nldld W f KdrJ Table 6.4--State Budget— Expenditure on Capital Account~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 )fe (W) ^ (W) (Utie) Heads (A) (RE.) (BE.) 0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

1—OhI I—Capital Outlay (1 to 3) 1137.45 1150.47 1218.17 (1) >>TK f W Ufftdr^ w tr Capital Account of General Services 41.% 97.71 67.68 (2) HHHT ytTtara" # t r Capital Account of Socia\ Services 67.71 15839 185.11 (3) >H'dnyc3r Capital Account of Economic Services (i to ix) 1027.78 894.37 96538

0) ^ H^PT3" HgareH^r Agriculture and Allied Activities 271.11 (-) 89.34 18.91 (iO ft!d‘J1 feocM Rural Development (-)O.Ol 0.68 0.90 (ffi) Other Special Area Programmes 2.45 935 40.14 (iv) Irrigation and Flood Control 605.94 507.02 476.11 (V) HolcO Energy —— ---- (Vi) Industry and Minerals 1.62 529 2.92 (vii) Transport 63.77 248.61 237.7S (viu) fefei>»r>T>f >>T9fgor General Economic Services 68.73 192.31 165.83 133 6.4-(HHni3-)-gTrT W Table 6.4—(Concld.)— State Budget—Expenditure on Capital Account (ol^gilF) (Rs. Crores)

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 m (W) (TO) Heads (A) (R.E.) (B.E.) 0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~II— II— ^Loans and Advances 117.80 206.87 228J3 (1) Power Projects 31.18 85.00 85.00 (2) Others 86.62 121.87 143.33 ^ (i+il) Total Expenditure on 125525 1357.34 1446.50 Capital Account (I+II)~~

~~~~~~~~Source:—Punjab Budget Documents.^' 134~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~6.6—d'H yrt€—hH^ yrtC til HptJdl Table 6.5— State Budget—Overall Budgetary Position~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(of^3VF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 su m (W) (TO) (W) Heads (A) (R.E.) (B.E.) 0 1 2 3 (I) H'« W Revenue Account (1) Receipts 5755.97 8382.56 10585.18 (2) ydtJ' Expenditure 8384.31 11486.91 -13071.56 (3) yof'ry»>r Balance (1-2) (-) 2628.34 (-) 3104.35 (-) 2486.38 (II) ytfldid W Capital Account (1) unrahHi- Receipts 4012.19 4020.42 3820.05 (2) ndxi' Expenditure 125525 1357.34 1446.50 (3) yo<'r«»r Balance(1-2) 2756.94 2663.08 2373.55

Overall Balance(I+II) 128.60 (-)441.27 (-) 112.83 ?i:WH 9orfe>>r tT ui' d' Increase or Decrease in Cash Balance 1 yo|'fe»T Opening Balance 55.75 (-) 385.52 (-)498.35 2 »f3Kyo('r«»r Closing Balance (-) 72.85 55.75 (-) 385.52

~~~~~~~~Hnj?r;-UfTO I Source;— Punjab Budget Documents. 135~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'dtfl 6.6—o(tid ^ d 'H ^ frtdW H'MA' ^ d i j t / l r t l Table 6.6—Net Transfer of Resources from Centre to the State~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(oT^gUF) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 ( ^ ) im ) (yn^) Heads (A) (R.E.) (B.E.) 0 1 2 3 (I) ^ HdoJ'd Share of Central Taxes and Duties (1 +2) 587.16 671.11 671.11 (1) »TH^6r? Taxes on Income 211.82 253.85 253.85 (2) o(d Union Excise Duty 375.34 4\7.26 4\7.26 11. d W Grants (1 to 4) 398.65 %7.% 907.63 (1) r Centrally Sponsored Schemes 151.59 266.09 319.79 111. fdSfeBjS'(§■-»{-?) Loans Net (a-b-c) (-)416.62 (-) 108.29 (-)126.97 (§•) ^ f d d (a) Gross Loans 2359.80 3110.45 3103.48 (1) (TO-uA*’ Non-Plan 1351.31 1701.00 2001.10 (2) d«H Mft(S HoflVT State Plan Schemes 299.18 504.95 397.88 (3)

Centrally Plan Schemes — —— (4) (^tidlunTOoTHoftvr Centrally sponsored Schemes 231 4.50 4.50 136 FFJ^6.6-(HVnra-)-gW3'gnTg-r(Sd8 Table 6.6— (Concld.)—Net Transfer of Resources from Centre to the State

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 m ( ^ ) (iw) («^<;) Heads (A) (RE.) (B.E.) 0 1 2 3~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(5) UHditnf S d y H'y~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Source:—Punjab Budget Documents. 137~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 6.7—^Ratio of State Taxes to Gross State Domestic Product at Current Prices~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(oT^gir^) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1995-% 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-2000 )fe (W) cm ) ( ^ ) ( ^ ) ( ^ ) Item (A) (A) (A) (A) (R)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. 3rFT^ora^-3‘»r>f577 Revenue from State Taxes 2650.99 2734.66 3044.68 3262.81 4202.65~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2. a[Hd'HUj3(J QdU'tJA~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Gross State Domestic 38514.42 44163.38 48387.54 5441428(P) 6270023(Q) Product at Current Prices~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~3. >H5U»3-(1 )^ (2 )~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Ratio of(l)to (2 ) 6.88 6.19 629 6.00 6.70 (Percent)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~rrXTS-UfT¥ I Source:—Punjab Budget Documents. 138 6.8— Table 6.8-:::Small Savings Net Collections~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. Crores) TOrbf Scheme 1990-91 1994^5 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 199^ 2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 . 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. Post Office Saving Deposits 1933 (-)1.62 8 i5 (-)2.86 651 24.09 20.41~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1 €FT ilW #93* fly*" SETM^ Ten Year Cum- (-)2.86 (.)1.08 (-)0.85 (-)0.15 — — — mulative Time Deposits~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Five Year Recurring Deposits 13.94 32.48 58.91 6437 8124 94.16 100.19~~~~~~~~

4. irniW3'jry** asTM*' Post Office (■)1.76 33.95 (-)11.06 0.81 43.12 48.88 96.46 Time Deposits 5. Hcl»f8r) National Saving (-)0.03 — — — — — — Certificate (II to V issue) 6. Hd»?«■) National Saving 010.43 — — — — — — Certificate (VI and VII issue)

~~~~~~~~7. (8W*'>ilsr) National Saving 57.19 109.63 135.16 176.98 12025 252.86 219.75 Certificate (VIII issue)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~8. Public Provident Fund 44.92 103.09 112.75 18621 350.47 58.73 430.08~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Social Security and (-)95.68 97.48 (-)40.76 (-)5.44 (-)2.18 (-)2.14 (-)0.81 Old Certificate 139~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 6.8—(Concld.)—Small Savings Net Collections~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(oltg-fUt) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Scheme 1990-91 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999^ 2000~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10. fey'Hi]f3ar Indira Vikas Patra 77.14 17.15 8030 50.70 60.77 14021 (-)532~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~11. HcfiK Monthly income Scheme 22.93 86.97 61.84 56.45 121.30. 23339 372.57~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~12. National Saving 1987 63.13 (-)31.09 (-)46.16 (-)25.14 (-)1.84 Scheme 1992 (-)2.01 2.08 (-)2.04 (-)28.90 (-)19.59 (-)6.41~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~13. fsm^fesmrijfgtr Kisan Vikas Patra 133.98 473.19 408.76 397.13 631.37 850.72 869J8~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~14. H3or^5raH'e'd1*H<-7F^~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Deposit Scheme ——— 020 —— — relating to Government Employes~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total: 321.80 918.14 769i2 89722 138231 168131 2096.50~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~JTHTJ-:- TddAft i^'felsreg, Att arti (¥»H3’H33P7), iJrTO, 5§irtelf I Source Regional Director, National Savings Organisation (Government of India), Punjab, Chandigarh. 140~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H*d~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~ts r 3Lxl»H^’6 As on 31st December Bank 1990 1994 1995 . 1996 1997 1998 1999~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

1. ar'ddl ^ T d « Indian Commercial Banks 2133 2219 2345 2406 (R)2475(R) 2520 2563 (Q) . d'dd1»iftHPa^lor (a) Indian Scheduled Banks 2132 2218 2344 2405(R) 2475(R)2520 2563 (»f) sf'dd) >H>RSRfe3‘lo r (b) Indian Non-Scheduled Banks 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 f e s t e r Foreign Banks 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 3. MptJocdl 9’o( Co-operative Banks 661@ 702 731 724 741 781 829 4 . feo(>Hl*cr@ , Primary Agriculture 53 71 12* 74 79 80 82 Development Banks@ 5. S^oTura’sJtid 9'o| Post Office Saving Banks 3828 3890 3890 3890 3890 3931 3931

~~~~~~~~^ , Total 6678 6885 7041 7097 7188 7315 7406 @ 30 HIS rydl Mo(d^'d) Table 6.10— Year-wise Deposits and Advances—Ratio of Scheduled Commercial Bank in Punjab (Last Friday of June)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. in lakhs)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 Itan (Dec.) (Dec.)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~1. tl>f3or>r Deposits 1485289 1803100(R) 2068860 2378681(R) 2858122 3080391 3587738~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2. nrer»fegft»f*‘ Advances 624476 741248(R) 840081 879352(R) 1067427 1166058 1354926~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Percentage of 42.04 41.11 40.61 36.97 37.35 37.85 37.77 advances to deposits~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(s#'dd) Percentage of 57.91 5920 61.59 5821 55.46 53.89 55.82 Advances to deposits (India)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~r-Wrg^fgrRre-tor I Source:—Reserve Bank of India. 142 fT33^6.ii— >H5gf%HW35rly’ei8‘d3hF^K^ikraft>Ki"(Hw^>>py#pr9i|ig‘§^Bor*fe>iraiHt‘)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Table 6.11 — Advances to Agriculture by Scheduled Commercial Banks (Amount Outstwding as on last Friday of March)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~(Rs. in lakhs) O aafr^feH K Nature o f 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Advances~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2 3 4 5 6~~~~~~~~

For Distiibution o f 1729.84 3589.43 365430 7224.42 906035 10961.11 Fotiiizersandodier inputs 1 i<*yiiCAt ^nrfifn^ioriss RCT 9PtT fetTSSt" Iws* To State Electricity 63X89 614.84 328.65 618.69 4258.70 144^.42 ' Board for Energisation ofTubewells ’

~~~~~~~~3. / Indirect Finance 1648.12 325438 576437 8528.42 14054.98 26104.47 to Agriculture 4. Director Finance to 138902.16 147157.95 165507.^0 182343.71 198155.19 222987.40 & nnm~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Total 142918.01 154616.80 175254.72 19871524 22552922 274521.40~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Wim : - grg^l fdtJd^ t oT I Source:—^Reserve Bank o f India. 143~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~2000-2001-H^'fed Table 6.12—Annual Plan 2000-2001 —^Approved Outlay (cjtS'SW^) (Rs. Crores)~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~fe5PH^)fe l{dlHd TuH' Heads of Development Approved outlay Percentage Share~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~0 1 2~~~~~~~~

I Agriculture & Allied Services 171.86 7.10 n PtJU'dl r*fd'H Rural Development 121.10 5.00 ffl Specia’ Area Programme 60.11 2.48 IV Irrigation & Flood Control 297.75 1230 V fa lw Energy 629.82 26.03 VI §tr6tol>H^ u fefT W W Industry & Minerals 11.% 0.50 vn >T3feW General Economic Services 49.44 2.04 X Social Services 850,65 35.15 XI General Services 27.95 1.16

~~~~~~~~Total 2420.00 100.00~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~w m :-RTRWte^lJrrV, 2000--2001 Source:—^Annual Plan Punjab, 2000-2001. 144~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~H'ddi 7.1—dd'fedl ««Hd* 3o( o(lH3^^H^>)for Table 7.1—^Index Numbers of Wholesale Prices of Agricultural Commodities~~~~~~~~

HTffAfOtST uH'y* ^ -V (>HW 1979-80 H«5/HdlH«y'd 1993-94 ^ 1 9 8 1 -8 2 Hocyd ==100) IjHhsTWiFir/ ==100) HdlHd u^^1■ ^ ig i/u r^r Year/Month Punjab^ Percentage Alllndia^^ Percentage (Base 1979- change over (Base 1993-94 change over 80 to 1981-82 previous = 100) previous =100) year/month year/monlh

0 1 2 3 4 1994-95 330.0 18.7 115.8 15.8 1995-96 3423 3.7 1253 82 1996-97 374.8 9.5 135.8 84 1997-98 377.3 fi.7 1394 2.7 199&-99 440.1 16.6 1562 121 1999^2000 448.0 1.8 158.0 12 2000-2001 *♦♦ 442.8 (;)1.2 162.9 3.1

~~~~~~~~April 441.9 (-)1.4 161.6 13~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~May 442.5 0.1 162.5 0.6~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~June 444.0 OJ 164.6 13~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~Hnj77:-(i) . Adl6A,UrTOI (ii) Source:—(i) Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab, (ii) Reserve Bank of India Bulletin.~~~~~~~~

~~~~~~~~fTiJ" 21 fi375Tl^^gW>»for (3^) * Index Numbers (Weighted) of 21 agricultural commodities grown in Punjab **lffev~~~~~~~~

Hor * * Index Numbers of wholesale prices of primiary articles. 2000-2001 fd7.2— HW MoT Table 7.2—Consumer Price Index Numbers
Qtjyfdioj op1>p>f ttyT For Working Class For Industrial Workers iJH'y H'tt/ d'dd H'M/ Punjab hJIa ^ India mJ I * ^ M WImcj (>)iU'd HoTUft ticilwci Base: sg'U'/ur^T Base: Year/Month 1987=100) Percentage 1982=100) Percentage change change over over previous previous year/ year/ month month
0 1 2 • 4
1991-92 146 11.1 219 13.5
1 ^-9 3 159 8.9 240 9.6
1993-94 172 8.2 258 7.5
1994-95 187 8.7 284 10.1
1995-96 202 8.0 313 10.2
1996-97 219 8.4 342 9.3
1997-98 236 7.8 366 7.0
1998-99 264 11.9 414 13.1
1999-2000 281 6.4 428 3.4
2000-2001* 296 5.3 442 3.3
April 292 1.0 438 0.9
May 294 0.7 440 0.5
June 296 0.7 442 0.5 146
Table 7.2— (Concld.)—Consumer Price Index Numbers
H»W/HOtdd lyS^FFB"/ Punjab India (»ra^d (»fW Base: Base: ^nr/u4'^' Year/Montii 1987=100) Percentage 1982=100) Percentage change change over over previous 4' previous year/ year/ month month
0 1 '2 3 4
July 299 1.0 - 445 0.7
>HdlHd August 297 (-)0.7 443 (-)0.4
H ^ d September 299 0.7 444 02
(i) Adl6V>',litTOI (ii) foJdd r**Qd,s»'d«# ndo{‘d I Source:—(i) Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab, (ii) Labour Bureau, Govt, of India. * 2000-2001 1999-2000 ^'y'/ur?r| ♦Percentage change during first 6 months of2000-2001 over 1999-2000. 147 frg ^ 7 .3 - HT?" 2000 1999 F HoPHff ^!>>r ^ Ufe" 3* ufe Wra" llfS" ofhrar >H^ fTOW ^W/UP^ Table7.3— Maximum, Minimum and Average Retail Prices of Essential Commodities and Percentage change during 2000 vis-a-vis 1999
(Rs.perkg.)
H'W ^H3 o<1h3 . .. . s I h ? cfhra-
Commodity Yea- Maximum Minimum Average Percentage Price Price Price Change over previous year 0 1 2 3 4 5 ors6r>>f'ZT 1999 821 726 7.74 4.9 Wheat Atta 2000 821 7.40 7.82 1.0 1999 12.31 11.06 11.79 6.1 Rice Coarse 2000 12.30 11.84 12.12 2.8 oTW g^ 1999 19.92 17.00 17.97 (-)2.5 Grams (Black) 2000 22.64 1821 19.65 93 H3TJF53’ 1999 26.66 24.37 25.64 3.9 Moong whole 2000 29.07 26.48 27.70 8.0 1999 • 16.84 15.95 16.40 1.9 Sugar Open 2000 17.71 16.60 16.99 3.6 »T^ 1999 4.76 2.93 3.80 (-)48.9 Potatoes 2000 420 2.81 3.46 (■)8.9 fW tT 1999 14.95 6.40 9.75 (-)44.9 Onions 2000 9.95 5.13 6.62 (-)32.1 1999 93.92 7786 85.96 (-)11.2 2ftt<;d 2000 75.48 65.86 6947 (-)192 Vanaspati Ghee per 2 Litre ^ 2 5 0 3 T M 1999 41.86 36.77 39.68 ^ 13 Tea250Gms. 2000 41.93 40.49 4120 3.8 1999 6.06 5.96 6.00 02 Salt Tata 2000 6.43 6.00 6.05 0.8 -»ra¥ »f# »?ora^ Hgrs^-, I Source :—Economic & Statistical Organisation, Punjab. 7 ^ :- Wra’5ftM3^ ^ F fiJejT 5h>f^ cTIm^ 3" >HTF93‘ I Note:— Average prices are based on the prices of district Headquarters of the State. 148
yry
(Rupees/per day) (feoT ^ Hfydl) (As on 1 St September)
o<'dtaid Year Agricultural Labour Skilled Labour
0 1 2
1990 35.55 54.75 1991 38.43 57.63 1992 41.22 60.42 1993 43.W 62.3^ 1994 46.17 65.37 1995 55.58 . 86.98 19% 58.28 89.68 1997 61.88 '93.28 1998 65.66 97.06 1999 69.80 101.20 2000 73.40 104.80 H'U* -f5rôrfHEi^,yiH'y i Source:;—Labour Commissioner, Punjab. 149 H'dryo<'?>' Table 8,1— Retail Rates Charged by Fair Price Shops
(§W) (Rs.)
Commodity Units 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999 - 2000- 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 (Up to 30-9-2000)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 #
1. o(
2. fo ifid m Rice Kg. ' 4.05 6.79 3.63* 3.63* 3.63 5.77 6.75** 6.75**
3. Levy Sugar Kg. ' 525 9.05 10.50 11.40 12.00 13.00
4. fodd Kerosene Oil Litre 2.51 2.98 2.99 3.11 3.16 6.70
HTTI7S‘:-5{'fedolZd,W^>H^Fmfi'V) fey'di, inrî Source:—Director, Food and Supplies, Punjab.
Below Poverty line
Above Poverty line 150 H'd
Commodities Unit 1990- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 91 97 98 99 2000 2001 upto 30.9.2000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1. oia€T>»(^/oi
3. ^ H 9 I3 Levy Sugar Quintal 987320 1065135 1092608 1037574 990366 536024
4. ^6ra«lâ Kerosene Oil Kilolitre 406783 ,426242 407575 439994 464916 220458
KTjs-:-!. 2. y?5HUI Source:— I. Director, Food and Supplies, Punjab, 2. PUNSUP.
* 1998-99 * Wheat and Rice not distributed to APL in 1998-99 onwards. oT^>>P^T/or^,gT^»f3^^t^^§fgg-5ftH3-Eh)r-yorW B»dl‘TP7$'1999-2000 oTdd dfy^TI N ote: Distribution of essential commodities through fair price shop like Wheat Atta/ Wheat, Rice, Levy Sugar decreased in 1999-2000 as compared to 1998-99 due to less difference in price of these commodities through open market and fair price shops. 151
1981»f^ 1991^»rgT^ Table 9.1— Population of Punjab Classified by Sex, Area and Castes 1981 and 1991
1981 1991 ^ w r V Wd'dl KfraOT hlfodl oitt Castes/Sex Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 f >Hsgf93'tr5h>r Scheduled Castes yaF Male 1960767 455136 2415963 2435795 629876 3065671 feHddW Female 1705605 390195 2095800 2126647 550210 2676857
Total 3666372 845331 4511703 4562442 1180086 5742528 did“^^MfVjc5 Non-Scheduled Castes i m Male • 4483697 2037610 6521307 5133628 2578735 7712363
Female 3991089 1764816 5755905 4592674 77,34404 6827078 af?5- Total U147S6 3802426 12277212 9726302 4813139 14539441
Total Population i m Male 6444464 2492746 8937210 7569423 3208611 10778034
Female 5696694 2155011 7851705 6719321 2784614 9503935
Total 12141158 4647757 16788915 14288744 5993225' 20281969
Hnji«r :-sJ' feSofear, §U3HAd, I Source:—Director, Census Operations, Punjab. 152
FT'^ 9.2-llH'y 1981 >H# 1991 Table 9.2—Literacy rate in Punjab by Sex and Area 1981 and 1991
H'rt Hfodt #5- Year Rural Urban Total r* n • w yan ryHddi>»r c<« OT yasr reMcJdloT Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1981 50.54 33.52 42.58 72.95 60.28 67.10 56.81 40.87 49.38
1991 6071 43.85 52J1■% 112(^ 66.12 72.08 65.66 50.41 58.51
Source*. Economic & Statistical Organisation, Punjab.
FTW 1981§-1991 1991 ^ 7 RW >>f3-^ fR->>frgr^ ?TSr ^ ^ H ^ g r^ 3TI N o te:— Literacy rate for 1981 and 19 9 1 has been worked out as a percentage o f total literates to the total population aged 7years and above (by taking actual figures from 1981 and 1991 census). 153
H'd
(fdliiA) (Number)
1997 1998 1999 Category of School w r MlOdl. .r I ngw rItiO'dl 1 II1 r ^ o(ttV I r îdfodl r n o
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 - 8 9
Primary 11373 1245 12618 11383 1250 12633 11686 1310 12996 fMsTS" Middle 2324 214 2538 2325 202 2527 2319 215 2534
High/Senior 2399 906 3305 2409 916 3325 2404 953 3357 Secondary /
Total: 16096 2365 18461 16117 . 2368 18485 16409 2478 18887
FTXIS-:-rfel3rZ3-, fjiflWfWBr, Source:—Director, Public Instruction, Schools, Punjab. 154
TaWe 9.4— Average Radius Served Per School (km) by Rural and Urban Areas
(30 1999) (30th September 1999)
Hfddl Category of school Rural Urban
*yd
>Hcrarf%oj'H (fe'.Ht’.) . >HTO'f?oFTT(f^.Hl’.) No. Average radius served No. Average radius served per school (km.) per school (Km.)
,1 2 3 4 5
F ^ a r y *■ 11686 1.1 1310 0.7
Middle 2319 2.6 215 1.7
Higli/Senior Secondary School 2404 V 2.5 953 0.8
HHTA'; >Jfor3T ff5T5?T, 1 Source ;— Economic and Statistical Organisation, Punjab. 155
9.5— (30 H ^ rg g -^ Table 9.5— Enrolment in Schools (As on 30th September)
( W f ^ ) (In lakhs) yH d dldU/H'W dlcl->>I(SHIrdd H'dinT Total Students Non-Scheduled Castes Scheduled Castes Age-G roup/ w year i^ô( o(W «cfo[ olfii Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total B oys Girls Total
0 1 2 3 4 5 ■ 6 7 8 9
6-- 11
1997 11,09 10.12 21.21 6.53 5.95 12.48 4.56 4.17 8.73 1998 11.34 10.34 21.68 6.61 5.99 12.60 4.73. 4.35 9.0s^ 1999 n .25 10.12 21.37 6.38 5.67 12.05 4.87 4.45 ^.32 1 1— 14 1997 5.46 4.54 10.00 3.79 322 7.01 1.67 1,32 2.99 1998 5.52 4.70 10.22 3.84 3.30 7.14 1.68 1.40 3.08 1999 527 4.69 9.% 3.57 321 6.78 1.70 1.48 3.18 1 ^ -1 8 1997 4.03 3.17 7.20 3.13 2.53 5.66 0.90 0.64 1.54 1998 4.34 3.43 7.77 3.36 2.69 6.05 0.98 0.74 m 1999 4.54 3.74 828 3.56 2.99 6.55 0.98 0.75 1.73' ri;# Total
1997 20.58 17.83 38.41 13.45 11.70 25.15 7.13 6.13 13.26 1998 2120 18.47 39.67 13.81 11.98 25.79 7.39 6 4 9 1 3 ^ 1999 21.06 18.55 39.61 13.51 11.87 25.38 7.55 6.68 1423
Source:— Director, Public InstrucUon, Schools, Punjab. 156
H'd'iil 9.6—6l‘¥51tT’'#rdl
(fdlddl) (Number) oTOtT^fsnW .1997 1998 1999 Category of College I. r „ n r ^ I. r, n hllOdl fey'dl MlOcll dtt o aRrlUrban Total Rural Urban TotalRural Rural Urban Total
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Arts and Science 01 129 190 63 130 193 132 196 including Home Science & Commerce »fftp>piior^f^gr Teacher Training 3 15 18 3 17 20 3 18 21
Medical ■3 16 19 6 21 27 4 20 24
Agriculture _ 2 2 2 2 2 2
Engineering 7 5 12 8 8(R) 16 8 8 16 Iff yfbliJH' Veterinary _ 1 1 1 1 1 1 HiatgorfWfw" Physical Education 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Gd1nfe»- Oriental — 2 2 -— - ^ 2 2 __ 2 2 : Total: 75 172 247 81 183 264 80 185 265
w m - 3 'f«9o(
9 J —oTOtT fW (30 R393T ^ Htol") Table 9.7— Enrolment in Colleges (As on 30th September)
(fUT^) (Number)
1997 1998 1999 oTHtT^feHK Wd'djr T Hlddlu r ■ no(« r ^ Mkldir T r ItiO'cSl ^wUjdl r T Category Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total of College
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
owaire' Arts and 39302 1761% 215498 41618 179605 221223 40886 181260 ???146 Science including Home Science and Commerce
Teacher Training 715 2933 3648 725 2723 3448 709 3115 3824
Medical 544 5130 5674 863 5649 6512 791 5677 6468
Agriculture — 1368 1368 — 1338 1338 — 1282 1282 #* n ^ retTTSPHreafT Engineering 4915 3201 8116 5990 3619 9609 7350 4580 11930 UF tjfddH' \ Veterinary — 550 550 — 540 540 — 549 549
Physical Education 144 , 439 583 144 439 583 132 580 712
Oriental — 206 206 — 175 175 — 163 163
Total 45620 190023 235643 49340 194088 243428 49868 197206 247074
Hnj?r <;d, f n f w OTWW, UrTO I Source:—Director, Public Instruction, Colleges, Punjab. 158
9.8— ^ (3 0 HT3W ^ h1 ^ ) Table 9.8— Enrolment of Students of Scheduled Castes im Colleges (As on 30th September)
(fers^) (Number)
I'997 W 8 1999 of'WH ^ fe H K ■fra- fraoft-»>r Category B oys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total o f College
0 1 3 4 ■5 6 7 8 9
HHH’U K H 'fH H W ^vraiT’^ Arts and 11020 9431 20451 10704 1(X)II 20715 10575 10539 21114 Science including Home Science and Commerce
M edical 481 273 754 473 m 817 479 415 894
Agriculture 102 42 144 1102 35 137 110 44 154
Engineering 933 95 1028 960 126 1086 1018 128 1146 w y fsr e R T ax Veterinary • 87 14 10! 68 19 87 71 2 2 ’ 93
Physical Education 61 41 102 61 41 102 90 39 129
Oriental 19 17 36 19 15 34 22 13 35,
Total 12957 10308 Z3265 12(618 1*0957 23575 12648 11659 24307
J T W : ~ b fyd'ofdctj, fn fw fe ^-'ar, orstT, i Source : —Dinector, Public Instruction, Colleges, Punjab. 159
H 'dsl 9.9-Hf7T f-ly fefenrg^->HfWW >H5irr3‘ (30 ^ Hfe^) Table 9.9— Stage-wise Pupil-Teacher Ratio in Schools (As on 30th Sept.)
\ Stage 1993 1994 1995 19% 1997 1998 1999
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
i__v 38 39 40 42 40 42 41
VI—vm 31 31 32 31 29 28 26
IX M # § W IX and above 23 21 21 23 22 22 24
Fpxn^ :-srfetor^3, fiffW fewr, Hfw, ijtrrgr i Source:— Director, Public Instruction, Schools, Punjab. 160
9 4 0 -fn W 559-, K 3 - ^ W f e HH ^ Table 9.10—Birth Rate, Deatli Rate and Infant Mortality Rate
(Per thousand per annum)
tTSVf€^ Year Birth Rate Death Rate Infant Mortality Rate
Rural Urban Com- Rural Urban Com- Rural Urban Com bined bined bined
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1990 28.4 25.6 21.1 8.5 5.8 7.8 66.0 45.0 61.0 1991 28.5 25.6 27.7 8.5 5.7 7.8 58.0 40.0 53.0 1992 2 8 i 242 27.1 8.8 6.5 82 60.0 41.0 56.0 1993 27.7 22.6 26.3 8.8 5.5 7.9 60.0 39.0 55.0 1994 262 22.0 25.0 82 6.2 7.6 59.0 35.0 53.0 1995 26.0 20.8 24.7 7.8 6.1 7.3 58.0 39.0 54.0 1996 252 19.1 23.7 7.8 6.1 7.4 54.0 40.0 51.0 1997 24.9 19.0 23.4 7.8 6.1 7.4 54.0 38.0 51.0 1998 23.7 18.5 22.4 82 (R) 6.3 7.7 58.0 40.0 54.0 1999 22.5 18.6 21.5 7.9 6.1 7.4 57.0 39.0 53.0
HW :-rfete7, ihro I SourceDirector, Healtii Services, Punjab.
R— R— IUvised
Note I—^The data is based on sample Registration. 161
H'diji 9.11— Table 9.11—^Number of Medical Institutions
feWToT UIT- UTT- Jfl-.W-Jfl-. PsJHUHdl/ # 3 - Ud'W oJK Hg--rHoidl ofK fHdd ^tJd/ oci^lfcSo* Year Area Hospi Hospi- C.H.C. C.H.C. P.H.C. Dispen Total tal tal- cum sary/ cum P.H.C. sub C.H.C. sidiary Health centre/ clinic
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1997-98
Rural 73 2 35 25 421 1220 1776 efti^ Urban 135 10 21 14 24 249 453
Total 208 12 56 39 445 1469 2229 1998-99
Rural 72 3 38 29 417 1217 1776 Hfu^ Urban 135 10 22 15 23 248 453
Total 207 13 60 44 440 1465 2229 1999-2000 f e r r ^ Rural 72 3 38 29 417 1217 1776 sifb t Urban 135 10 22 15 23 248 453
Total 207 13 60 44 440 1465 2229
H'UA oJ>r«d6{^d,rHiJ3 H«^'<^’,liiHfy 1 Source:—Director, Health Services, Punjab. 162
H'd
wfjdt tT3’ Year Rural Lfrban Total
0 1
1990-91 10702 13477 24179
1991-92 11036 13706 24742
1992-93 10627 14115 24742
1993-94 10627 14265 24892
1994-95 10627 14265 24892
1995-% 10627 14397 25024
1996-97 10653 14397 25050
1997-98 10671 14423 25094
1998-99 10832 14475 25307
1999-2000 10832 14545 25377
Source:—Director, Health Services, Punjab. 163
9 J 3-l{^ fifi" ^ ofl^ Table 9.13— Population Served Per Institution, Bed and Doctor
oiidi udi i^♦s 'O O O ’ Population Served per nidU iW TT fug-ysJ .TS Hwy 93 Year Institution Bed Doctor Average Radius Beds per Served per ‘000’ Institution (km) Population
0 1 2 J 4 5
1990-91 9245 844 1561 2.696 1.2
1991-92 9307 834 1504 2.688 1.2
1992-93 9479 850 1481 2.688 1.2
1993-94 %97 , 865 1497 2.687 1.1
1994-95 9873 881 1531 2.687 1.1
1995-96 10046 896 1487 2.682 l.I
1996-97 10218 909 1499 2.681 1.1
1997-98 10383 922 1472 2.681 1.1
1998-99 10584 932 1483 2.681 1.1
1999-2000 10787 947 1485 2.681
Fm?r :-3'felfor?d, fnu^- h«^ i Source :— Director, Health Services, Punjab. 164
H'del 9.14— PHOd HHti' fert'rt oft^3TFHdltH' Table 9.14-—Number o f Patients treated in Medical Institutions
(In thousands)
FTO Year Indoor-Patients Outdoor-Patients r T • yasT ya^r feHcidlof^ Male Female Total Male Female Total
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1990 ??? 229 451 5935 5783 11718 1991 217 227 444 5865 5664 11529
1992 W 222 429 5833 5574 11407 1993 231 250 481 5110 5443 10553 1994 232 264 496 5168 5487 10655 1995 223 243 466 4962 5205 10167 1996 229 230 459 5073 5180 10253 1997 222 ,213 435 5109 5352 10461 1^8 230 229 459 5547 5876 11423 1999 229 235 464 5533 6032 11565
HTO:-oJ''feyo{<:d,fHdd UfT¥I Source:—^Director, Health Services, Punjab. 165
H'd<^9.i5- Hd'yoi y y q * ûdH^ Table9.l5 -Voluntary Sterlisation Operations
(*yd) (Number)
FPW Year Vasectomy Tubectomy Total Operations
0 1 2 3
1990-91 6472 85549 92021 1991-92 4982 80520 85502 1992-93 3941 114310 118251 1993-94 3745 126485 130230 1994-95 2490 123502 125992 1995-% 1814 112261 114075 1996-97 1059 106858 107917 1997-98 948 107677 108625 1998-99 1164 112771 113935 1999-2000 1800 124261 126061
yrTT5-:-o{'fedo<<;d,fwdd . Source:—Director, Health Services, Punjab. 166
Table 9.16--Expectation of Life at Birth by Sex
H'W d'dd Year Punjab India yasT r«H5dP>r y3H ItJHvidlor Male Female Male Female
0 1 2 3 4
1976—80 562 55.1 52.6 51.5
1981—86 62.8 62.7 55.6 56.4
1986—91 65.6 65.3 58.1 59.1 1991—% 66.6 66.6 60.6 61.1
1996—2001 68.4 71.4 62.4 63.4
WU?^ :-o<' ^tf■do^^d, Twdd Wg-1 Source:—^Director, Health Services, Punjab. 167 rrggfl- iQ.i-utw a w ^ §^Hh>r ^ acm Table 10.1—Number of Yellow Card Holder Beneficiaries and Amount Disbursed by Different Agencies
HiWi- W HoIK (WF W Name of Agency Beneficiaries Amount disbursed (Rs. in lakh)
1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001 1998-99 1999-2000 2000-2001
upto upto) 30-9-2000 30-9-2000
0
UY feoTH {>K^ ^ Ut) Rural Develop 10357 1694 3273 2115.43 327.72 900.82 ment Agencies (5443) (1046) (1958) (1 108.06) (181.88) (181.88) (IRDP) 2. HUM’"’?' Local Bodies
(i) Hfijcfl- H# SmFB" ipTTK Urban Self- 40) 3 \1 0 &4V 98.27 904.30 589.78 Employment (260) (987) (288) (59.55) (315.80) (226.37) Programme
(ii) nra^r*- »ft ^ feoTTT Development of 90 30.81 women & children (-) (-) (45) (-) (-) (16.34)
3.
Punjab Scheduled 9615 7706 2328 1798.87 1587.47 532.48 Castes Land (9615) (7706) (2328) (1798.87) (1587.47) (532.48) Development and Finance Corporation
4. i ‘ feoPTT >H# fegiK Punjab Baclcward 954* 793 611 216.80* 462.89 314.29 Classes Land (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) (-) Development and Finance Corporation
21327 13313 7143 4229.37 3282.38 236818 Total (15318) (9739) (4619) (2966.48) (2085,15) (957.07) injS :-Haxr3' fe3TK/§WTt»r I • 1.4.99 ora-31^ tl Source ;—Concerned Corporation/Agencies. * From 1.4.99 “ one scheme has been closed. ^7 ,:— fey f^fd'’HBfd’ HSTTS'US'I Note :— ^Figures in brackets relate to Scheduled Castes.
2S42J EA(P)—Govt. Press, U.T., Chd.
NIEPA DC V ? vv ■ ? ■ -V . HOC. . D11040 ------