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Five-Year Review Report Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Borough of Nesquehoning, Carbon County, Pennsylvania

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Five-Year Review Report Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Borough of Nesquehoning, Carbon County, Pennsylvania FIVE-YEAR REVIEW REPORT Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Borough of Nesquehoning Carbon County, PA EPA ID#: PAD0736 13663 Prepared by: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region I11 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Date Hazardous Site Cleanup Division Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Five-Year Review Five-Year Review Summary Form I Site name: Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site I EPA ID: PAD073613663 I Wtr: I CityICounty: Borough of Nesquehonine, Carbon County. I NPL status: ): Final QDeleted Other (specify) I Remediation Status (choose all that apply):. 4 Under Construction ,Operating ,Complete I Multiple OUs?* OYES ,NO I Construction completion date: 12/13/1999 (PCOH) I Has Site been ~utinto reuse? . OYES . )r NO Lead agency: b EPA 3 State r Tribe I- Other Federal Agency Author name: Mitch Cron Author title: Remedial Project Manager Author Affiliation: U.S. EPA - Region 111 Review period: October 1,2007 - May 2008 Date(s) of Site inspection: October 30,2008 Type of review: b Post-SARA O Pre-SARA Q NPL-Removal only rj Non-NPL Remedial Action Site 0 NPL StateITribe-lead Regional Discretion Review number: . 0 1 (first) ): 2 (second) 4 3 (third) 0 Other(specify) Triggering action: GActual RA On Site Construction at OU # 0 Actual RA Start at OU# 1 Q Construction Completion ): Previous Five-Year Review Report Other (specify) Triggering action date: July 8,2003 (First Five Year Review) Due date (five years after triggering action date): July 8,2008 Page 2 of 44 Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Five-Year Review FIVE-YEAR REVIEW SUMMARY FORM, CONT'D. IssueslRecommendations and Follow-up Actions 1. Institutional controls have not been established at the Site.lInstitutiona1 controls must be established at the Site in accordance with the ROD. 2. Surface water samples collected in 2005 slightly exceeded PADEP aquatic criteria for 1ead;lRepeat low-flow sampling procedure due to uncertainties with 2005 data quality. 3. Ground water performance standards in the overburden ground water have not been achieved for all Site-related contaminants of concern.lHowever, the remedy is functioning as designed and ground water monitoring will continue. Protectiveness Statements The remedy at the Site currently protects human health and the environment because: Contaminated soil and waste have been contained in the on-Site landfill or were disposed of off-Site. The vegetated landfill cover prevents contact between receptors and the buried waste. The Site fence prevents trespassers from entering the Site. Review of the ground water monitoring results reveals that Site contaminants of concern were not identified in the bedrock aquifer at concentrations that exceed performance standards, with the exception of lead in MW-1 SD, during one anomalous sampling event. The bedrock aquifer that lies beneath the Site has been identified as a potential source of drinking water. Review of the ground water monitoring results reveals that Site contaminants of concern (antimony, arsenic, cadmium, and lead) were identified in the overburden aquifer at concentrations that exceed performance standards. However, the overburden aquifer that lies beneath the Site is not used as source of drinking water. EPA policy relevant to the performance standard for lead in residential soil has been revised since the ROD was issued in 1992. This revision lowered the protective limit for lead in residential soil to 400 parts per million, based on the most current toxicity data. EPA review indicates that the lead in soil concentrations that remain in residential areas to the southwest of the Site meet the current screening level (400 parts per million). Therefore, as implemented, the remedy is protective of human health with regard to the excavation of lead-contaminated soil from residential areas located to the southwest of the Site. However, in order for the remedy to be protective in the long-term, the following actions need to Page 3 of 44 Tonolli Corporation Superfimd Site Five-Year Review be taken to ensure long-term protectiveness: As required by the ROD, institutional controls must be established at the Site. Repeat low-flow surface water sampling procedure at Nesquehoning Creek. Confirm that the potential discharge of contaminated ground water to Nesquehoning Creek has not resulted in the recontamination of sediments at unacceptable concentrations of Site-related contaminants of concern. Ground water performance standards in the overburden ground water have not been achieved for all Site-related contaminants of concern. However, the remedy is functioning as designed and ground water monitoring will continue. Other Comments N/A Page 4 of 44 Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site Five-Year Review EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The remedy for the Tonolli Corporation Superfund Site in the Borough of Nesquehoning, Pennsylvania included off-Site transportation and treatment of battery-related wastes, excavation/consolidation/capping of contaminated soils and other Site-related wastes, proper closure of the on-Site landfill, cleanup of contaminated sediment in Nesquehoning Creek, on-Site and off-Site treatment of landfill leachate, treatment of contaminated overburden ground water with a limestone trench, decontamination or demolition of on-Site buildings, addressing on-Site underground storage tanks (USTs), and institutional controls. The Site achieved construction completion with the signing of the Preliminary Close-Out Report on December 13, 1999. The trigger for this five-year review was the completion of the first Five-Year Review on July 8,2003. The assessment of this five-year review found that the remedy was constructed in accordance with the requirements of the Record of Decision (ROD), and four Explanations of Significant Difference (ESD) that were issued for the Site. The first ESD was issued to address Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PADEP) concerns regarding project compliance with PA regulations. The second ESD was issued to address the separation distance between the ground water table and the bottom of the on-Site landfill. The third ESD was issued to address Site-related concerns that were revealed during remedial construction activities, including demolition and removal of the former smelter buildings' concrete walls and foundations; excavation of an increased volume of lead contaminated soils; expansion of the on-Site landfill to accommodate the increased volume of soil; pumping and treatment of an increased volume of landfill leachate; bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil; and modification of the final grading plan for the Site. The fourth ESD changed the performance standards with which the ground water portion of the selected remedy must comply. The ground water performance standards were changed from "background levels", as were set forth in Pennsylvania Hazardous Waste Management Regulations at the time the ROD was issued, to the federal Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) and Pennsylvania Act 2 Medium Specific Concentrations for ground water. Based on a review of decision documents, O&M documents, ground water and surface water monitoring results, results of interviews with O&M staff, and residents who live adjacent to the Site, and the Site inspection, the remedy appears to be functioning as intended by 1992 ROD and subsequent ESDs, with the exception of the implementation of institutional controls. Page 5 of 44 Tonolli Corporation Superfhnd Site Five-Year Review Table of Contents I. Introduction .............................................................................................................................8 I1. Site Chronology ......................................................................................................................9 I11. Background ............................................................ ............................................................. 11 Physical Characteristics................................................................................................. 11 Land and Resource Use ..................................................................................................12 History of Contamination ............................................................................................... 12 Initial Response ............................................................................................................... 14 Basis for Taking Action .................................................................................................. 14 IV . Remedial Actions ................................................................................................................ 16 Remedy Selection ............................................................................................................16 Remedy Implementation ................................................................................................17 System OperationIOperation and Maintenance........................................................... 21 V . Progress Since the Last Five-Year Review ..........................................................................23 VI. Five-Year Review Process ...................................................................................................25 Administrative Components ..........................................................................................25 Community Involvement ................................................................................................26 Document Review ............................................................................................................26
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