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13917239.Pdf Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs A critical evaluation of Fr Aleksandr Vladimirovich Men ’s approach to the religions of the world, in light of the Declaration Dominus Iesus Thesis How to cite: Lukasevicius, Arturas (2007). A critical evaluation of Fr Aleksandr Vladimirovich Men ’s approach to the religions of the world, in light of the Declaration Dominus Iesus. PhD thesis The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 2007 Arturas Lukasevicius https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21954/ou.ro.0000faf9 Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk UU £XES~n^l A Critical Evaluation of Fr Aleksandr Vladimirovich Men'’s Approach to the Religions of the World, in the Light of the Declaration Dominus lesus Arturas Lukasevicius B.A., Engineering; B.A., Theology; M.A., Theology and Christian Ministry A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the Open University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy: Ph.D., Theology and Religious Studies 2006 MARYVALE INSTITUTE 0fV7e'oF-S\)^nt^ic?jJ. X ° i 2 .0 e>C=> bPfTt o.F /vwfHLb 6€ TwuftfcM ooc>7 ProQuest Number: 13917239 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a n o te will in d ic a te the d e le tio n . uest ProQuest 13917239 Published by ProQuest LLC(2019). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT This study presents a critical analysis of the work of Fr Aleksandr Men', a prominent Orthodox writer and thinker. It is based on extensive primary and secondary source material in Russian as well as English. The analysis focuses on Men'’s view of the religions of the world, which is examined in the light of the Catholic Declaration Dominus lesus. Part One, ‘Preparing the Way for an Evaluation’, starts with an overview of Men'’s life and work in chapter 1. Chapter 2 reviews his writings on the world’s religions, with a special focus on Men'’s six-volume history of religions, In Search of the Way, the Truth and the Life. Chapter 3 introduces the Declaration Dominus lesus by explaining its historical and theological context, as well as its nature and contents. The chapter ends by establishing the theological links between Dominus lesus and the works of Men'. These links provide a structure for the further analysis. Part Two, ‘Evaluating Aleksandr Men'’s Position with Regard to Some Specific Issues’, includes three chapters. In chapter 4, Men'’s understanding of the position of Jesus Christ among the other founders or reformers of the world’s religions is investigated. Chapter 5 discusses Men'’s understanding of the teachings and practices of the non-biblical religions in comparison to the revelation of Jesus Christ. Chapter 6 examines Men'’s concept of faith as human response to Christ’s revelation compared to the notion of belief (as he sees it) in the non-biblical religions. The study demonstrates that before the appearance of Dominus lesus Men' had already developed an explicitly Christian approach to the world’s religions, which for the most part is in line with the Catholic position as later presented in the Declaration. The concluding chapter summarises the findings of the research, suggests the possible directions for further study, and indicates the practical relevance of Men'’s works on the world’s religions for the contemporary Catholic theology. CONTENTS Acknowledgements......................... ........................ vii Abbreviations. ...... ................................................. .........................................x Note on the Transliteration of Russian .................... xiv INTRODUCTION .......... ......1 Part One PREPARING THE WAY FOR AN EVALUATION CHAPTER 1. THE LIFE AND WORK OF FR ALEKSANDR MEN' ...... .13 1.1 Introduction ....... 13 1.2 Rooted in the Catacomb Church... ....... 15 1.2.1 The Catacomb Church ........ 15 1.2.2 Family Background ............... ...17 1.2.3 Childhood Influences ............... ......19 1.3 Preparation for the Ministry (1945-1958) ........... .21 1.3.1 Political Situation in the USSR during the Years of Men'’s Formation ...... .........21 1.3.2 The Formation of Men'’s World Outlook .............. 23 1.4 The Years of Ministry (1958-1990) ............... 27 1.4.1 The Soviet Union’s Political Atmosphere in 1958-1990 .......27 1.4.2 A Biographical Sketch of the Ministry Years ....... 31 1.5 A ‘Missionary to the Wild Tribe of the Soviet lntelligentsia’.....40 1.5.1 Parish Community Formation and Spiritual Direction .41 1.5.2 Writings and Lectures .............. ...43 CHAPTER 2. ALEKSANDR MEN ’S WORKS ON THE RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD..... ......... 57 2.1 Introduction .............. 57 2.2 The Main Influences on Men'’s Understanding of the History of Religions ......................................... ...61 2.3 The Basic Premises of Men'’s Approach to the History of Religions ..... .......68 2.3.1 The Universal History of Salvation........... ....... 68 2.3.2 The History of the Human Search for God and Truth ..........73 2.3.3 The History of Struggle against Magism. ........ 76 2.4 The Arrangement of Material in Men'’s Six-Volume History of Religions ........................................ 78 2.4.1 Periodisation of the History of Religions .... .......78 2.4.2 The Main Themes in Men'’s Six-Volume History .........81 Contents iv 2.5 The Methods and the Style of Men'’s Six-Volume History of Religions ..... ..92 2.5.1 The Methods of the Six-Volume History ............ ..93 2.5.2 The Style of the Six-Volume History ............. ......96 CHAPTER 3. THE DECLARATION DOMINUS IESUS: CATHOLICISM ENCOUNTERS AND COUNTERS RELIGIOUS RELATIVISM 99 3.1 Introduction ....... .....99 3.2 The Historical and Theological Context of Dominus lesus ....101 3.2.1 From Vatican II to Dominus lesus ...............101 3.2.2 The Promulgation and Reception of Dominus lesus. .........107 3.3 The Nature of the Declaration Dominus lesus ...................... 115 3.3.1 The Authorship ............ .......115 3.3.2 The Purpose of the Declaration, and Its Intended Readership ................... .118 3.3.3 The Doctrinal Authority of the Declaration ................ 121 3.3.4 The Method of the Declaration, and Its Literary Genre ......124 3.4 The Contents of the Declaration Dominus lesus..................... 127 3.5 The Theological Links between Dominus lesus and Fr Aleksandr Men'.... ......... 137 Part Two EVALUATING ALEKSANDR MEN ’S POSITION WITH REGARD TO SOME SPECIFIC ISSUES CHAPTER 4. ALEKSANDR MEN'’S UNDERSTANDING OF THE POSITION OF JESUS CHRIST AMONG THE LEADERS OF THE WORLD’S RELIGIONS ..... ..............141 4.1 Introduction .......... 141 4.2 Men'’s View of Religious Leaders with Regard to Their Relationship to God ........................... 142 4.2.1 The Basic Aspects of Men'’s Christological Position ......... 143 4.2.2 Men'’s View of Jesus Christ’s Position among the Other Religious Leaders with Regard to Their Relationship to God .....147 4.3 Men'’s View of Religious Leaders with Regard to Their Relationship to the Logos .......................... .....154 4.4 Men'’s View of Religious Leaders with Regard to the Mediation of Salvation............. 158 4.4.1 Men'’s Understanding of Jesus Christ’s Salvific Mediation 159 4.4.2 Non-Biblical Religious Leaders as Mediators of Salvation. 162 4.5 Conclusions 166 Contents v CHAPTER 5. ALEKSANDR MEN ’S POSITION ON THE TEACHINGS AND PRACTICES OF THE NON-BIBLICAL RELIGIONS IN COMPARISON TO THE REVELATION OF JESUS CHRIST........168 5.1 Introduction ........................................ 168 5.2 Men'’s View of Semina Verbi and the Religious Errors in the Non-Biblical Religions ..... 170 5.2.1 The Concept of Semina Verbi in Magisterial Teaching and in Men'’s Works ........................... 170 5.2.2 The Relationship between Semina Verbi and Religious Errors ....... 177 5.3 Men'’s View of the Relationship between Semina Verbi and Christ’s Revelation ................ 179 5.3.1 The Difference between the Biblical Revelation and ‘Natural’ Revelation .......... 180 5.3.2 Christ’s Revelation as the Fullness and Completeness of Revealed Truth. .. ...... .183 5.3.3 Semina Verbi as Preparation for the Gospel.. ....................187 5.4 Men'’s Position on Certain Aspects of Religious Relativism and Syncretism......... ............. 190 5.5 Conclusions .......... 195 CHAPTER 6. ALEKSANDR MEN ’S VIEW OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FAITH IN CHRISTIANITY AND BELIEF IN THE NON-BIBLICAL RELIGIONS... ..... 197 6.1 Introduction ............. .........197 6.2 Analysis of Men'’s Treatment of Faith and Belief. ................... 199 6.2.1 Assent to God as a Distinctive Feature of Faith.... .............199 6.2.2 The Search for God and Truth as a Distinctive Feature of Belief ...................... 202 6.2.3 Men'’s Understanding of Religious Attitude ....... 204 6.3 Analysis of Men'’s Terminology Related to Faith and Belief ..211 6.3.1 Men'’s Usage of Vera and Verovaniye ........... ...211 6.3.2 Men'’s Usage of the Main Synonyms of Vera and Verovaniye ........ ...215 6.4 Conclusions ................................... .220 CONCLUSION ............ 222 APPENDIX 1. ‘CHRISTIANITY’ ........ ...............230 APPENDIX 2. DECLARATION DOMINUS IESUS ON THE UNICITY AND SALVIFIC UNIVERSALITY OF JESUS CHRIST AND THE CHURCH ................... ... 249 Contents vi SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ........... 288 1. Primary Sources .......................................
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