Forest Dependency in Rural Georgia

Forest Dependency in Rural Georgia Based on the Case Study in Tianeti Municipality Tbilisi, October 2014 Page | 1 This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The content, findings, interpretations, and conclusions of this publication are the sole responsibility of the FLEG II (ENPI East) Programme Team (www.enpi-fleg.org) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Implementing Organizations. Contents List of figures ................................................................................................................. 4 List of tables .................................................................................................................. 4 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 6 1.1 Forests and forest use in Georgia .............................................................................................................. 10 1.2 Rationale: The importance of Forest Dependency Study in Georgia ....................................................... 11 2. Methodology ............................................................................................................ 12 2.1 study area .................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.2 Method of sampling .................................................................................................................................. 13 2.3 Number of households .............................................................................................................................. 14 2.4 Timeline .................................................................................................................................................... 15 2.5 Field implementation and problems .......................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Local unit conversion ................................................................................................................................ 16 3. Study area characteristics ........................................................................................ 17 3.1 Brief history of villages ............................................................................................................................ 17 3.2 Demographics ........................................................................................................................................... 18 3.3 Infrastructure availability .......................................................................................................................... 19 3.4 Economic data ........................................................................................................................................... 20 3.5 Major economic activities ......................................................................................................................... 20 3.6 Seasonal calendar ...................................................................................................................................... 22 3.7 Major markets and market access ............................................................................................................. 23 3.8 Major land covers and land uses ............................................................................................................... 24 3.9 Description of conservation areas ............................................................................................................. 25 3.10 Tenure and governance ........................................................................................................................... 25 3.11 Government and other development/conservation projects .................................................................... 26 3.12 Calamities ............................................................................................................................................... 27 4. Results and discussion .............................................................................................. 29 4.1 Income share by source ............................................................................................................................. 29 4.2 Frequency and value of forest products .................................................................................................... 38 4.3 Fuelwood ................................................................................................................................................... 42 2 4.4 Cash and subsistence of forest products ................................................................................................... 43 4.5 Relative Forest Income (RFI) across income quintiles ............................................................................. 43 4.6 Relative Forest Income across asset groups .............................................................................................. 44 4.7 Most Important Products ........................................................................................................................... 45 5. Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 47 6. References ................................................................................................................ 49 3 List of figures Figure 1 - Minimum and Maximum Price of High-quality Agricultural Land per Hectare .................................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 2 - Income by Source ......................................................................................... 29 Figure 3 - The structure of the population income calculated per equivalent adult ....... 31 Figure 4 - Inputs expended for the livestock ................................................................. 38 Figure 5 - Frequency of forest products collected ......................................................... 38 Figure 6 - Frequency of Forest Product Collecting by Communities .............................. 39 Figure 7 - Frequency of Forest Product Collecting by Family Members ........................ 40 Figure 8 - Forest products by value .............................................................................. 40 Figure 9 - Forest products by value .............................................................................. 41 Figure 10 - Value distribution of the forest products by their use ................................. 43 Figure 11 - Cash and Subsistence Forest Income and RFI ............................................. 44 Figure 12 – Forest cash and subsistence in different groups ......................................... 45 Figure 13 - Main reasons for decline in most important products ................................. 46 List of tables Table 1 - The selection criteria for each village ............................................................ 13 Table 2 - The number of households and the number of sampled households in each village .......................................................................................................................... 14 Table 3 - The size of each focus group by age and gender distribution .......................... 15 Table 4 - The number of conducted household interviews by dates ............................... 15 Table 5- The number of population in the selected villages by age and gender distribution .................................................................................................................. 18 Table 6 - Number of national minorities in the selected villages (by persons) ............... 18 Table 7 - Availability of different types of infrastructure in the villages ....................... 19 Table 8 - Distribution of the population according to the employment status and the number of households with social assistance ................................................................. 20 Table 9 - Daily allowance of the people involved in the agricultural activities by gender .................................................................................................................................... 21 4 Table 10 - Periods of collecting and selling basic forest products by each village .......... 22 Table 11 - Access to markets ........................................................................................ 23 Table 12 - Balance of community lands in the selected villages by the land use types (hectares) ..................................................................................................................... 24 Table 13 - Average land area in square meters, controlled and used by households ...... 24 Table 14 - Number of the people at the age of 16 and older involved in various economic activities during the reporting period (12 months since the survey) .............................. 30 Table 15 - Structure of other incomes calculated by per equivalent adult ..................... 31 Table 16 - Number of the households producing the animal and agricultural products . 32 Table 17 - Number of households engaged in the sales of animal and agriculture product ...................................................................................................................................

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