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Reserve Naturelle Nationale De La Baie De Somme

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Reserve Naturelle Nationale De La Baie De Somme RESERVE NATURELLE NATIONALE DE LA BAIE DE SOMME PLAN DE GESTION 2011 – 2015 2011 1 Plan de gestion de la réserve naturelle de la Baie de Somme 2011-2015 Coordination et rédaction : Patrick TRIPLET, Faustine SIMON, Grégory ROLLION (textes sur les phoques rédigés par Laetitia DUPUIS). Conception graphique et cartographique : Faustine SIMON, Stéphanie DAUSSY Rapporteurs au CSRPN : Jean-Christophe HAUGUEL, Antoine MEIRLAND Avec la participation à différentes phases de la rédaction de : Yann BAPST (ONCFS), Benjamin BLONDEL (SMBS), Emilie BOUCHEE (SMBS), Philippe CARRUETTE (SMBS), Dominique COCQUET (Espace Henson Marquenterre), Sébastien DESANLIS (SMBS), Yann DUPONT (SMBS), Laetitia DUPUIS (Picardie Nature), Christophe HOSTEN (Picardie Nature), Nathalie FUSELIER (Affaires Maritimes), Jean-Christophe HAUGUEL (Conservatoire Botanique National de Bailleul), Nathanael HERMANN (SMBS), Jean-Claude LADON (DDTM de la Somme), Jean-Paul LECOMTE (FDC 80), Raphaelle LUCOT (Conservatoire de l'Espace Littoral et des Rivages Lacustres), Quentin MARESCAUX (SMBS), Antoine MEIRLAND (GEMEL), Lilian PETIT (SMBS), Benoît REGELE (SMBS), Thierry RIGAUX (Conseil Régional de Picardie), Valérie FILLION (DREAL Picardie), Olivier WIBART (sous-préfecture d’Abbeville), Mathieu WILLMES (DREAL Picardie). 2 SOMMAIRE DIAGNOSTIC .......................................................................................... 7 A. INFORMATIONS GÉNÉRALES ............................................................................ 8 1. Création .............................................................................................................................. 8 2. Localisation ......................................................................................................................... 8 3. Limites administratives et superficie ................................................................................. 9 4. Gestion ............................................................................................................................. 11 B. LE CADRE SOCIO-ÉCONOMIQUE ................................................................... 15 1. Régime foncier ................................................................................................................. 15 2. Infrastructures au sein de la réserve ................................................................................ 16 C. LES ACTIVITÉS SOCIO-ÉCONOMIQUES ........................................................... 17 1. Activités à l’intérieur de la réserve .................................................................................. 17 a. Activités balnéaires ...................................................................................................... 20 b. Activités sportives ........................................................................................................ 20 c. Activités professionnelles ............................................................................................. 21 2. Activités à l’extérieur de la réserve .................................................................................. 22 D. LA VOCATION À ACCUEILLIR ET L'INTÉRÊT PÉDAGOGIQUE DE LA RÉSERVE NATURELLE .......................................................................................................... 24 1. Activités pédagogiques et équipements .......................................................................... 24 2. Capacité à accueillir .......................................................................................................... 24 3. Intérêt pédagogique de la réserve naturelle ................................................................... 25 4. Place de la réserve naturelle dans le réseau local d'éducation à l'environnement ........ 25 5. Mesures réglementaires .................................................................................................. 25 E. ENVIRONNEMENT ET PATRIMOINE NATUREL ............................................... 28 1. Informations générales .................................................................................................... 28 a. Climat ............................................................................................................................ 28 b. Eau ................................................................................................................................ 29 c. Géologie ........................................................................................................................ 32 3 d. Inventaires et classements en faveur du patrimoine (Fig. 22) .................................... 35 e. Evolution historique de l'occupation du sol ................................................................ 38 2. Habitats naturels et espèces ............................................................................................ 39 a. Habitats (source CBNBL) ............................................................................................... 39 b. Flore .............................................................................................................................. 41 c. Faune ............................................................................................................................ 42 Faune benthique .......................................................................................................... 42 Arthropodes terrestres ................................................................................................ 44 Poissons ........................................................................................................................ 46 Batraciens ..................................................................................................................... 46 Reptiles ......................................................................................................................... 47 Oiseaux ......................................................................................................................... 47 Mammifères ................................................................................................................. 51 3. Valeur et enjeux de la réserve naturelle .......................................................................... 55 a. Informations générales ................................................................................................ 55 b. Habitats ........................................................................................................................ 55 c. Flore .............................................................................................................................. 64 d. Faune ............................................................................................................................ 73 Arthropodes terrestres ................................................................................................ 73 Mollusques ................................................................................................................... 77 Batraciens ..................................................................................................................... 78 Oiseaux ......................................................................................................................... 79 Mammifères ................................................................................................................. 85 e. Document préliminaire – Evolution des habitats et des connaissances ...................... 86 f. Matrice SWOT et Enjeux de la réserve naturelle .......................................................... 91 GESTION DE LA RÉSERVE NATURELLE ................................................ 95 A. RAPPEL DES CONCLUSIONS DE L’ÉVALUATION .......................................... 96 1. Résultats des objectifs du plan ......................................................................................... 96 2. Résultats des objectifs à terme - Bilan général ................................................................ 99 B. OBJECTIFS À TERME ET OBJECTIFS DU PLAN ............................................... 100 1. Buts de la réserve naturelle ........................................................................................... 100 2. Facteurs influençant la gestion ...................................................................................... 100 4 C. OPÉRATIONS ................................................................................................. 102 1. Définition ........................................................................................................................ 102 2. Liste des opérations ....................................................................................................... 102 3. Présentation des opérations .......................................................................................... 106 Travaux d'entretien ........................................................................................................ 106 Travaux uniques ............................................................................................................. 133 Administratif ................................................................................................................... 138 Pédagogie, information, animation ............................................................................... 139 Opérations de suivi ........................................................................................................
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