Expression of Segment Polarity Genes in Brachiopods Supports a Non-Segmental Ancestral Role of Engrailed for Bilaterians
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Annual Meeting 2002
Newsletter 51 74 Newsletter 51 75 The Palaeontological Association 46th Annual Meeting 15th–18th December 2002 University of Cambridge ABSTRACTS Newsletter 51 76 ANNUAL MEETING ANNUAL MEETING Newsletter 51 77 Holocene reef structure and growth at Mavra Litharia, southern coast of Gulf of Corinth, Oral presentations Greece: a simple reef with a complex message Steve Kershaw and Li Guo Oral presentations will take place in the Physiology Lecture Theatre and, for the parallel sessions at 11:00–1:00, in the Tilley Lecture Theatre. Each presentation will run for a New perspectives in palaeoscolecidans maximum of 15 minutes, including questions. Those presentations marked with an asterisk Oliver Lehnert and Petr Kraft (*) are being considered for the President’s Award (best oral presentation by a member of the MONDAY 11:00—Non-marine Palaeontology A (parallel) Palaeontological Association under the age of thirty). Guts and Gizzard Stones, Unusual Preservation in Scottish Middle Devonian Fishes Timetable for oral presentations R.G. Davidson and N.H. Trewin *The use of ichnofossils as a tool for high-resolution palaeoenvironmental analysis in a MONDAY 9:00 lower Old Red Sandstone sequence (late Silurian Ringerike Group, Oslo Region, Norway) Neil Davies Affinity of the earliest bilaterian embryos The harvestman fossil record Xiping Dong and Philip Donoghue Jason A. Dunlop Calamari catastrophe A New Trigonotarbid Arachnid from the Early Devonian Windyfield Chert, Rhynie, Philip Wilby, John Hudson, Roy Clements and Neville Hollingworth Aberdeenshire, Scotland Tantalizing fragments of the earliest land plants Steve R. Fayers and Nigel H. Trewin Charles H. Wellman *Molecular preservation of upper Miocene fossil leaves from the Ardeche, France: Use of Morphometrics to Identify Character States implications for kerogen formation Norman MacLeod S. -
Animal Phylogeny and the Ancestry of Bilaterians: Inferences from Morphology and 18S Rdna Gene Sequences
EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT 3:3, 170–205 (2001) Animal phylogeny and the ancestry of bilaterians: inferences from morphology and 18S rDNA gene sequences Kevin J. Peterson and Douglas J. Eernisse* Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 03755, USA; and *Department of Biological Science, California State University, Fullerton CA 92834-6850, USA *Author for correspondence (email: [email protected]) SUMMARY Insight into the origin and early evolution of the and protostomes, with ctenophores the bilaterian sister- animal phyla requires an understanding of how animal group, whereas 18S rDNA suggests that the root is within the groups are related to one another. Thus, we set out to explore Lophotrochozoa with acoel flatworms and gnathostomulids animal phylogeny by analyzing with maximum parsimony 138 as basal bilaterians, and with cnidarians the bilaterian sister- morphological characters from 40 metazoan groups, and 304 group. We suggest that this basal position of acoels and gna- 18S rDNA sequences, both separately and together. Both thostomulids is artifactal because for 1000 replicate phyloge- types of data agree that arthropods are not closely related to netic analyses with one random sequence as outgroup, the annelids: the former group with nematodes and other molting majority root with an acoel flatworm or gnathostomulid as the animals (Ecdysozoa), and the latter group with molluscs and basal ingroup lineage. When these problematic taxa are elim- other taxa with spiral cleavage. Furthermore, neither brachi- inated from the matrix, the combined analysis suggests that opods nor chaetognaths group with deuterostomes; brachiopods the root lies between the deuterostomes and protostomes, are allied with the molluscs and annelids (Lophotrochozoa), and Ctenophora is the bilaterian sister-group. -
A Revision of the North American Moths of the Superfamily Eriocranioidea with the Proposal of a New Family, Acanthopteroctetidae (Lepidoptera]
A Revision of the North American Moths of the Superfamily Eriocranioidea with the Proposal of a New Family, Acanthopteroctetidae (Lepidoptera] DONALD R. DAVIS SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 251 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the Institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Astrophysics Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoo/ogy Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review. -
Morphology, Function and Evolution of the Sternum V Glands in Amphiesmenoptera
University of Alberta Morphology, function and evolution of the sternum V glands in Amphiesmenoptera by Marie Djernæs A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Systematics and Evolution Department of Biological Sciences ©Marie Djernæs Fall 2010 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Examining Committee Felix A. H. Sperling, Department of Biological Sciences Bruce S. Heming, Department of Biological Sciences Maya L. Evenden, Department of Biological Sciences John Spence, Department of Renewable Resources Mark V. H. Wilson, Department of Biological Sciences Ralph W. Holzenthal, University of Minnesota Abstract I investigated the paired sternum V glands in thirty-eight trichopteran families and all lepidopteran families possessing the gland or associated structures. Using my morphological data and literature data on sternum V gland secretions, I examined phylogenetic trends in morphology and gland products and reconstructed ancestral states. I investigated correlations between gland products, between morphological traits and between chemistry and morphology. -
Molecular Phylogeny of Brachiopods and Phoronids Based on Nuclear-Encoded Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequences
Cohen, B.L. and Gawthrop, A. and Cavalier-Smith, T. (1998) Molecular phylogeny of brachiopods and phoronids based on nuclear-encoded small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 353(1378):pp. 2039-2061. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/archive/2919/ Glasgow ePrints Service http://eprints.gla.ac.uk Molecular phylogeny of brachiopods and phoronids based on nuclear-encoded small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences Bernard L. Cohen1*, Angela Gawthrop1 and Tom Cavalier-Smith2 1University of Glasgow, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Division of Molecular Genetics, Pontecorvo Building, 56 Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NU, UK 2Department of Botany, University of British Columbia,Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaV6T 1Z4 CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction 2040 2. Materials and methods 2043 (a) Specimens 2043 (b) Isolation of DNA 2043 (c) Polymerase chain reaction ampli¢cation, puri¢cation and sequencing of SSU rRNA 2043 (d) Sequence alignment and masking 2044 (e) Parametric outgroup selection 2044 (f ) Phylogenetic analyses 2044 (g) Estimation of evolutionary distances and rates 2044 3. Results 2045 (a) Sequence reliability and alignment parameters 2045 (b) Phylogenetic reconstructions 2045 (c) Correlation of genetic distance with classi¢cation 2050 (d) Exclusion of the sequence from Phoronis vancouverensis 2050 (e) Rate and time-course of molecular evolution 2052 4. Discussion 2054 (a) Molecular phylogenetic analyses 2054 (b) Correlation of molecular and morphological phylogenies 2055 (c) Evolutionary and biogeographic inferences 2057 5. Conclusions 2058 References 2059 Brachiopod and phoronid phylogeny is inferred from SSU rDNA sequences of 28 articulate and nine in- articulate brachiopods, three phoronids, two ectoprocts and various outgroups, using gene trees reconstructed by weighted parsimony, distance and maximum likelihood methods. -
Ecology of Inarticulated Brachiopods
ECOLOGY OF INARTICULATED BRACHIOPODS CHRISTIAN C. EMIG [Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille] INTRODUCTION need to be analyzed carefully at the popula- tion level before using them to interpret spe- Living inarticulated brachiopods are a cies and genera. highly diversified group. All are marine, with Assemblages with lingulides are routinely most species extending from the littoral wa- interpreted as indicating intertidal, brackish, ters to the bathyal zone. Only one species and warm conditions, but the evidence for reaches abyssal depths, and none is restricted such assumptions is mainly anecdotal. In to the intertidal zone. Among the living fact, formation of lingulide fossil beds gen- brachiopods, the lingulides, which have been erally occurred during drastic to catastrophic most extensively studied, are the only well- ecological changes. known group. Both living lingulide genera, Lingula and BEHAVIOR Glottidia, are the sole extant representatives INFAUNAL PATTERN: LINGULIDAE of a Paleozoic inarticulated group that have evolved an infaunal habit. They have a range Burrows of morphological, physiological, and behav- Lingulides live in a vertical burrow in a ioral features that have adapted them for an soft substrate. Their burrow has two parts endobiont mode of life that has remained (Fig. 407): the upper part, oval in section, remarkably constant at least since the early about two-thirds of the total length of the Paleozoic. The lingulide group shares many burrow, in which the shell moves along a features that are characteristic of this mode single plane, and the cylindrical lower part in of life including a shell shape that is oblong which only the pedicle moves (EMIG, 1981b, oval or rectangular in outline with straight, 1982). -
Neuromuscular Development in Novocrania Anomala: Evidence for the Presence of Serotonin and a Spiralian-Like Apical Organ in Lecithotrophic Brachiopod Larvae
Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae Altenburger, Andreas; Wanninger, Andreas Wilhelm Georg Published in: Evolution & Development DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00387.x Publication date: 2010 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Altenburger, A., & Wanninger, A. W. G. (2010). Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae. Evolution & Development, 12(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00387.x Download date: 30. Sep. 2021 Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae Andreas Altenburger, Andreas Wanninger* University of Copenhagen, Deptartment of Biology, Research Group for Comparative Zoology, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark *corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +45-35321240 Fax: +45-35321200 Running Title: Brachiopod neuromuscular development Word count: 3975 1 ABSTRACT The phylogenetic position of Brachiopoda remains unsettled, and only few recent data on brachiopod organogenesis are currently available. In order to contribute to questions concerning brachiopod ontogeny and evolution we investigated nervous and muscle system development in the craniiform (inarticulate) brachiopod Novocrania anomala. Larvae of this species are lecithotrophic and have a bilobed body with three pairs of dorsal setal bundles which emerge from the posterior lobe. Fully developed larvae exhibit a network of setae pouch muscles as well as medioventral longitudinal and transversal muscles. After settlement, the anterior and posterior adductor muscles and delicate mantle retractor muscles start to form. -
Irish Biodiversity: a Taxonomic Inventory of Fauna
Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna Irish Wildlife Manual No. 38 Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna S. E. Ferriss, K. G. Smith, and T. P. Inskipp (editors) Citations: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Section author (2009) Section title . In: Ferriss, S. E., Smith K. G., & Inskipp T. P. (eds.) Irish Biodiversity: a taxonomic inventory of fauna. Irish Wildlife Manuals, No. 38. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland. Cover photos: © Kevin G. Smith and Sarah E. Ferriss Irish Wildlife Manuals Series Editors: N. Kingston and F. Marnell © National Parks and Wildlife Service 2009 ISSN 1393 - 6670 Inventory of Irish fauna ____________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.............................................................................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................................................................................2 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................................................3 Methodology........................................................................................................................................................................3 -
Neuromuscular Development in Novocrania Anomala: Evidence for the Presence of Serotonin and a Spiralian-Like Apical Organ in Lecithotrophic Brachiopod Larvae
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Copenhagen University Research Information System Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae Altenburger, Andreas; Wanninger, Andreas Wilhelm Georg Published in: Evolution & Development DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00387.x Publication date: 2010 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Altenburger, A., & Wanninger, A. W. G. (2010). Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae. Evolution & Development, 12(1), 16-24. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2009.00387.x Download date: 07. apr.. 2020 Neuromuscular development in Novocrania anomala: evidence for the presence of serotonin and a spiralian-like apical organ in lecithotrophic brachiopod larvae Andreas Altenburger, Andreas Wanninger* University of Copenhagen, Deptartment of Biology, Research Group for Comparative Zoology, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark *corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Phone: +45-35321240 Fax: +45-35321200 Running Title: Brachiopod neuromuscular development Word count: 3975 1 ABSTRACT The phylogenetic position of Brachiopoda remains unsettled, and only few recent data on brachiopod organogenesis are currently available. In order to contribute to questions concerning brachiopod ontogeny and evolution we investigated nervous and muscle system development in the craniiform (inarticulate) brachiopod Novocrania anomala. Larvae of this species are lecithotrophic and have a bilobed body with three pairs of dorsal setal bundles which emerge from the posterior lobe. -
Molecular Phylogeny of Brachiopods and Phoronids Based on Nuclear-Encoded Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Gene Sequences
Molecular phylogeny of brachiopods and phoronids based on nuclear-encoded small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences Bernard L. Cohen1*, Angela Gawthrop1 and Tom Cavalier-Smith2 1University of Glasgow, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Division of Molecular Genetics, Pontecorvo Building, 56 Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6NU, UK 2Department of Botany, University of British Columbia,Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaV6T 1Z4 CONTENTS PAGE 1. Introduction 2040 2. Materials and methods 2043 (a) Specimens 2043 (b) Isolation of DNA 2043 (c) Polymerase chain reaction ampli¢cation, puri¢cation and sequencing of SSU rRNA 2043 (d) Sequence alignment and masking 2044 (e) Parametric outgroup selection 2044 (f ) Phylogenetic analyses 2044 (g) Estimation of evolutionary distances and rates 2044 3. Results 2045 (a) Sequence reliability and alignment parameters 2045 (b) Phylogenetic reconstructions 2045 (c) Correlation of genetic distance with classi¢cation 2050 (d) Exclusion of the sequence from Phoronis vancouverensis 2050 (e) Rate and time-course of molecular evolution 2052 4. Discussion 2054 (a) Molecular phylogenetic analyses 2054 (b) Correlation of molecular and morphological phylogenies 2055 (c) Evolutionary and biogeographic inferences 2057 5. Conclusions 2058 References 2059 Brachiopod and phoronid phylogeny is inferred from SSU rDNA sequences of 28 articulate and nine in- articulate brachiopods, three phoronids, two ectoprocts and various outgroups, using gene trees reconstructed by weighted parsimony, distance and maximum likelihood methods. Of these sequences, 33 from brachiopods, two from phoronids and one each from an ectoproct and a priapulan are newly deter- mined. The brachiopod sequences belong to 31 di¡erent genera and thus survey about 10% of extant genus-level diversity. -
Download PDF Version
MarLIN Marine Information Network Information on the species and habitats around the coasts and sea of the British Isles A brachiopod (Novocrania anomala) MarLIN – Marine Life Information Network Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Review Angus Jackson 2000-04-19 A report from: The Marine Life Information Network, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. Please note. This MarESA report is a dated version of the online review. Please refer to the website for the most up-to-date version [https://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/detail/1331]. All terms and the MarESA methodology are outlined on the website (https://www.marlin.ac.uk) This review can be cited as: Jackson, A. 2000. Novocrania anomala A brachiopod. In Tyler-Walters H. and Hiscock K. (eds) Marine Life Information Network: Biology and Sensitivity Key Information Reviews, [on-line]. Plymouth: Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.17031/marlinsp.1331.2 The information (TEXT ONLY) provided by the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-Share Alike 2.0 UK: England & Wales License. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own terms and conditions and they may or may not be available for reuse. Permissions beyond the scope of this license are available here. Based on a work at www.marlin.ac.uk (page left blank) Date: 2000-04-19 A brachiopod (Novocrania anomala) - Marine Life Information Network See online review for distribution map Distribution data supplied by the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). -
Appendix 1 Zoological Checklists and Catalogues
Appendix 1 Zoological checklists and catalogues In addition to the few broad scope works mentioned in the text, I list here a representative sample of zoological works offering worldwide coverage of major groups. The reader will easily appreciate the major gaps waiting to be filled. I shall begin with insects, that major heap of biological diversity. For the largest insect groups, several multi-authored catalogues have been available for some time. There is a huge and formally complete Coleopterorum Catalogus, but most issues are now quite old and revised editions exist only for a few families or subfamilies. Matters are worse with works dealing with butterfiies, moths and hymenoptera (Lepidopterorum Catalogus, Hymenopterorum Catalog us, two projects stopped short at the beginning). However, a new edition of the Hymenopterorum Catalogus was started in 1969 by van der Vecht and Ferriere, as has a companion work on Lepidoptera. Much more advanced, though still incomplete, is Orthopterorum Catalogus (Beier, 1962). For the Hemiptera, there is Metcalf et al.'s (1927-1968) work. Again, this work does not cover all groups and is out of date. A supplement on the Cicadoidea has been published by Duffels and van der Laan (1985). Diptera have never been covered worldwide within a single major work but the order is comprehensively dealt with in six excellent catalogues, respectively devoted to the Palaearctic (S06s and Papp, 1984), Nearctic (Stone et al., 1965), Afrotropical (Crosskey et al., 1980), Neotropical (Papavero, 1967), Oriental (Delfinado and Hardy, 1973-1977) and Australasian and Oceanian species (Evenhuis, 1989). For several smaller insect orders there are relatively recent catalogues or checklists, such as Salmon (1964-1965) on Collembola, Davies and Tobin (1984-1985) on Odonata, Illies (1966) and Zwick (1973) on Plecoptera, Sakai (1970-1988) and Steinmann (1989) on Dermaptera, Smithers (1967) on Psocoptera, Hopkins and Clay (1952) on Mallophaga, lacot-Guillarmod (1970-1979) on Thysanoptera, Fischer (1960-1973) on Trichoptera.