Meteorites and Impact Structures in the Northern
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NORTHERN TERRITORY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY JN Dunster, PW Haines and TJ Munson Meteorites and impact structures in the Northern Territory RECORD 2014-007 DEPARTMENT OF MINES AND ENERGY MINISTER: Hon Willem Westra van Holthe MLA CHIEF EXECUTIVE: Scott Perkins NORTHERN TERRITORY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Ian Scrimgeour JN Dunster, PW Haines and TJ Munson NTGS Record 2014-007. Meteorites and impact structures in the Northern Territory BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE: Dunster JN, Haines PW and Munson TJ, 2014. Meteorites and impact structures in the Northern Territory. Northern Territory Geological Survey, Record 2014-007. (Record / Northern Territory Geological Survey ISSN 1443–1149) Bibliography ISBN (DVD): 978-0-7245-7277-9 ISBN (Web): 978-0-7245-7276-2 Keywords: ataxitic texture, chondrite, impact crater, impactite, impact structure, iron meteorites, kamacite, meteorite, Neumann bands, pallasite, schreibersite, shatter cones, shock metamorphism, stony irons, taenite, tektites, troilite, Widmanstätten pattern, Alikatnima, Amelia Creek, Arltunga, Barramundi, Basedow Range, Bond Springs, Boxhole, Burt Plain, Calvert Hills, Cleanskin, Eagles Nest, Erldunda, Eurowie Creek, Foelsche, Gallipoli Station No. 1, Gallipoli Station No. 2, Glen Helen, Gosses Bluff, Gove, Goyder, Gulpuliyul, Hart Range, Henbury, Huckitta, Kelly West, Kurinelli , Liverpool, Maningrida, Matt Wilson, Mount Sir Charles, Nutwood Downs, Poeppel Corner, Puka, Rabbit Flat, Renehan, Roper River, Sheridan Creek, Spear Creek, Spring Range, Strangways, Tawallah Valley, Wessel, Yenberrie. EDITOR: GC MacDonald Northern Territory Geological Survey 3rd floor Paspalis Centrepoint Building Arid Zone Research Institute Smith Street Mall, Darwin South Stuart Highway, Alice Springs GPO Box 4550 PO Box 8760 Darwin NT 0801, Australia Alice Springs NT 0871, Australia For further information contact: Minerals and Energy InfoCentre Phone: +61 8 8999 6443 Website: http://www.minerals.nt.gov.au/ntgs Email: [email protected] © Northern Territory Government October 2014 Cover illustration: simulation of meteorite descending to impact NT (Top image: after Google earth, Data SIO, NOAA, US Navy, NHA, GEBCO, Image Landsat 2014. Bottom image: Gosses Bluff, after Google earth, DigitalGlobe, CNES/Astrium 2014). Disclaimer While all care has been taken to ensure that information contained in this publication is true and correct at the time of publication, changes in circumstances after the time of publication may impact on the accuracy of its information. The Northern Territory of Australia gives no warranty or assurance, and makes no representation as to the accuracy of any information or advice contained in this publication, or that it is suitable for your intended use. You should not rely upon information in this publication for the purpose of making any serious business or investment decisions without obtaining independent and/or professional advice in relation to your particular situation. The Northern Territory of Australia disclaims any liability or responsibility or duty of care towards any person for loss or damage caused by any use of, or reliance on the information contained in this publication. NTGS Record 2014-007 ii CONTENTS FIGURES Summary ...........................................................................v 1. Location of meteorites, impact structures and circular Introduction ......................................................................1 features of unknown affinity in the NT ..................... 2 History ...............................................................................1 2. Amelia Creek impact structure. (a) satelline image. Modern recognition of impact craters ............................1 (b) Aeromagnietic anomaly ...................................... 4 Meteorites and impact structures of the NT ..................2 3. Geological map of the Amelia Creek impact Known meteorites and impact structures of the NT .....4 structure. .................................................................... 5 Alikatnima meteorite (1) ...............................................4 4. Amelia Creek shatter cones ....................................... 5 Amelia Creek (2) ...........................................................4 5. Boxhole impact crater. (a) Satellite image. (b) Impact Arltunga meteorite (3) ...................................................6 structure geology map ................................................ 7 Basedow Range meteorite (4) .......................................6 6. Boxhole iron meteorite fragment ............................... 8 Bond Springs meteorite (5) ...........................................6 7. Cleanskin shatter cones in sandstone ........................ 9 Boxhole (Dneiper) crater and meteorites (6) ................6 8. Photomicrograph of multiple planar fractures with Burt Plain meteorite (7) ................................................8 feather features in quartz ........................................... 9 Cleanskin impact structure (8) .....................................9 9. Cleanskin impact structure. (a) Satellite image. Eagles Nest meteorite (no location) ............................11 (b) Impact structure geology map ............................ 10 Erldunda meteorite (9) ................................................11 10. Foelsche impact crater. (a) Satellite image. Foelsche impact structure (10) ....................................11 (b) Circular aeromagnetic anomaly ......................... 11 Gallipoli Station No. 1 meteorite (no location) ...........12 11. Foelsche impact crater. Shock lamellae in Bukalara Gallipoli Station No.2 meteorite (11) ..........................12 Sandstone ................................................................. 12 Glen Helen meteorite (12) ...........................................13 12. Gallipoli Station No.2 meteorite fragments ............. 12 Gosses Bluff (Tnorala) impact structure (13) .............13 13. Gallipoli Station No.2 polished slab ........................ 13 Gove meteorite (14) .....................................................16 14. Gallipoli Station No.2. photomicrograph of polished Goyder impact structure (15) ......................................17 section ...................................................................... 13 Hart (or Harts) Range meteorite (16) ..........................17 15. Gosses Bluff impact structure. (a) Satellite image. Henbury (Tatjakapara) craters and meteorites (17) ....17 (b) Residual gravity map.......................................... 14 Huckitta meteorite (18) ...............................................21 16. Gosses Bluff impact structure ................................. 15 Kelly West impact structure (19) ................................22 17. Geological sketch map of Gosses Bluff impact Kurinelli meteorites (20) .............................................22 structure ................................................................... 15 Liverpool impact crater (21) ........................................24 18. Gosses Bluff shatter cones ....................................... 16 Matt Wilson impact structure (22)..............................24 19. Goyder impact structure. (a) Satellite image. Mount Sir Charles meteorite (23) ...............................27 (b) Impact structure simplified geology ................... 18 Nutwood Downs meteorite (no location) ....................27 20. Henbury impact structures ...................................... 19 Poeppel Corner meteorite (24) ....................................28 21. Henbury impact structure. (a) Radiometric anomaly Rabbit Flat meteorite (25) ...........................................28 for potassium. (b) Satellite image ............................ 20 Roper River meteorite (26) .........................................28 22. Henbury meteorite fragments .................................. 20 Strangways impact structure (27) ...............................28 23. Huckitta meteorite in situ ........................................ 21 Tawallah Valley meteorite (28) ...................................28 24. Huckitta meteorite polished samples. (a) Close-up of Yenberrie meteorite (29) .............................................30 polished surface. (b) Fragment ................................ 21 Possible impact structures .............................................30 25. Kelly West impact structures. (a) Satellite image. Calvert Hills structure (A) ..........................................30 (b) Impact structure geology ................................... 23 Gulpuliyul structure (B) .............................................31 26. Kurinelli weathered iron meteorite sample ............. 24 Maningrida structure (C) ............................................31 27. Liverpool impact crater. (a) Satellite image. Renehan structure (D) .................................................31 (b) Impact structure geology ................................... 25 Wessel structure (E) ....................................................34 28. Matt Wilson impact structure. (a) Satellite image. Circular structures of unknown affinity ......................34 (b) Impact structure geology ................................... 26 Barramundi circular structure (I) ...............................34 29. Matt Wilson impact structure outcrop photographs Eurowie Creek circular structure (II) .........................34 (a) Closely spaced fractures in Wondoan Hill Formation Puka circular structure (III)........................................35